ï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¯ôÿ@@@@@@@@{1<20*A*L*B*I*N*O*U>20}1 €@@{1*E*P*I*T*O*M*H *T*W*N *P*L*A*T*W*N*O*S *D*O*G*M*A*T*W*N}1 ¡@*TW=N KURIWTA/TWN *PLA/TWNOS DOGMA/TWN TOIAU/TH TIS €A)\N DIDASKALI/A GE/NOITO. *FILOSOFI/A E)STI\N O)/RECIS SOFI/AS, H)\ LU/SIS €KAI\ PERIAGWGH\ YUXH=S A)PO\ SW/MATOS, E)PI\ TA\ NOHTA\ H(MW=N TREPO-€ME/NWN KAI\ TA\ KAT' A)LH/QEIAN O)/NTA SOFI/A D' E)STI\N E)PISTH/MH QEI/WN €KAI\ A)NQRWPI/NWN PRAGMA/TWN. …@6 @*FILO/SOFOS D' E)STI\N O( PARWNU/MWS W)NOMASME/NOS A)PO\ TH=S €FILOSOFI/AS, W(S O( MOUSIKO\S A)PO\ TH=S MOUSIKH=S: PEFUKE/NAI DE\ TOU=TON €XRH\ PRW=TON ME\N PRO\S TA\ MAQH/MATA, O(/SA DU/NATAI PROSOIKEIOU=N KAI\ €PROSA/GEIN AU)TO\N TH=| GNW/SEI TH=S NOHTH=S OU)SI/AS KAI\ MH\ PLANWME/NHS €TE KAI\ R(EUSTH=S E)/PEITA DE\ PRO\S TH\N A)LH/QEIAN E)/XEIN E)RWTIKW=S KAI\ €MHDAMH=| PROSDE/XESQAI TO\ YEU=DOS, E)PI\ TOU/TOIS DE\ KAI\ FU/SEI PWS €SW/FRONA EI)=NAI KAI\ KATA\ TO\ PAQHTIKO\N TH=S YUXH=S FUSIKW=S KATES- @1€TALME/NON: O( GA\R E)FIE/MENOS MAQHMA/TWN PERI\ TA\ O)/NTA KAI\ E)PI\ €TAU=TA TRE/PWN E(AUTOU= TH\N O)/RECIN OU) QAUMA/ZOI A)\N TA\S H(DONA/S. ˆ‰@6 @*DEI= DE\ KAI\ E)LEUQE/RION EI)=NAI TH=| GNW/MH| TO\N ME/LLONTA FILO-€SOFEI=N: E)NANTIW/TATON GA\R MIKROLOGI/A YUXH=| MELLOU/SH| QEWREI=N €TA\ QEI=A KAI\ A)NQRW/PINA. *KAI\ PRO\S DIKAIOSU/NHN DE\ PEFUKE/NAI XRH\ €AU)TO/N, EI)/GE KAI\ PRO\S A)LH/QEIAN KAI\ PRO\S E)LEUQERI/AN KAI\ PRO\S €SWFROSU/NHN, PROSEI=NAI DE\ AU)TW=| KAI\ EU)MA/QEIAN KAI\ MNH/MHN: €EI)DOPOIEI= GA\R KAI\ TAU=TA TO\N FILO/SOFON. †@6 @*AU(=TAI DE\ AI( EU)FUI/+AI PAIDEI/AS ME\N O)RQH=S KAI\ TROFH=S TH=S €PROSHKOU/SHS TUXOU=SAI TE/LEON A)POFAI/NOUSI PRO\S A)RETH/N, A)MELH-€QEI=SAI DE\ MEGA/LWN KAKW=N AI)/TIAI GI/NONTAI: TAU/TAS DE\ KAI\ €O(MWNU/MWS TAI=S A)RETAI=S EI)/WQEN O)NOMA/ZEIN O( *PLA/TWN, SWFROSU/NH| €TE KAI\ A)NDREI/A| KAI\ DIKAIOSU/NH|. …@6 @*DITTOU= D' O)/NTOS TOU= BI/OU, TOU= ME\N QEWRHTIKOU= TOU= €DE\ PRAKTIKOU=, TOU= ME\N QEWRHTIKOU= TO\ KEFA/LAION E)N TH=| GNW/SEI TH=S €A)LHQEI/AS KEI=TAI, TOU= PRAKTIKOU= DE\ E)N TW=| PRA=CAI TA\ U(PAGOREUO/-€MENA E)K TOU= LO/GOU. *TI/MIOS ME\N DH\ O( QEWRHTIKO\S BI/OS, E(PO/MENOS €DE\ KAI\ A)NAGKAI=OS O( PRAKTIKO/S: O(/TI DE\ TOU=TO OU(/TWS E)/XEI, E)NTEU=QEN €A)\N GE/NOITO DH=LON. @1 @*)/ESTI TOI/NUN H( QEWRI/A E)NE/RGEIA TOU= NOU= NOOU=NTOS TA\ NOHTA/, €H( DE\ PRA=CIS YUXH=S LOGIKH=S E)NE/RGEIA DIA\ SW/MATOS GINOME/NH. €*(H YUXH\ DH\ QEWROU=SA ME\N TO\ QEI=ON KAI\ TA\S NOH/SEIS TOU= QEI/OU €EU)PAQEI=N TE LE/GETAI, KAI\ TOU=TO TO\ PA/QHMA AU)TH=S FRO/NHSIS W)NO/-€MASTAI, O(/PER OU)X E(/TERON EI)/POI A)/N TIS EI)=NAI TH=S PRO\S TO\ QEI=ON €O(MOIW/SEWS: O(/QEN KAI\ PROHGOU/MENON KAI\ TI/MION A)\N EI)/H TO\ TOIOU=TON €KAI\ EU)KTAIO/TATON KAI\ OI)KEIO/TATON A)KW/LUTO/N TE KAI\ E)F' H(MI=N €KEI/MENON KAI\ TOU= PROKEIME/NOU TE/LOUS H(MI=N AI)/TION. *(H ME/NTOI €PRA=CIS KAI\ TO\ PRAKTIKO\N DIA\ TOU= SW/MATOS PERAINO/MENA KWLUQH=NAI/ €TE DU/NATAI KAI\ PRA/TTOITO A)\N A)PAITOU/NTWN TW=N PRAGMA/TWN, A(\ KATA\ €TO\N QEWRHTIKO\N BI/ON O(RA=TAI, MELETH=SAI EI)S A)NQRW/PWN H)/QH. ˆ‹@6 @*(/HCEI GA\R O( SPOUDAI=OS E)PI\ TA\ KOINA/, O(PO/TAN EI)DH=| KAKW=S €DIOIKOU/MENA PRO\S TINW=N AU)TA/, PERISTATIKA\ ME\N OU(/TWS H(GOU/MENOS €TO\ STRATHGEI=N, TO\ DIKA/ZEIN, TO\ PRESBEU/EIN, A)/RISTA D' E)N PRA/CEI €KAI\ W(S E)N TAU/TH| PROHGOU/MENA TO\ PERI\ NOMOQESI/AS KAI\ POLITEI/AS €KATA/STASIN KAI\ PAIDEI/AN NE/WN. *PRE/PEI DH\ E)K TW=N EI)RHME/NWN €TW=| FILOSO/FW| MHDAMW=S TH=S QEWRI/AS A)POLEI/PESQAI, A)LL' A)EI\ €TAU/THN TRE/FEIN KAI\ AU)/CEIN, W(S E(PO/MENON DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TO\N PRAKTIKO\N €XWREI=N BI/ON. @1 @*(H DE\ TOU= FILOSO/FOU SPOUDH\ KATA\ TO\N *PLA/TWNA €E)N TRISI\N E)/OIKEN EI)=NAI: E)/N TE TH=| QE/A| TH=| TW=N O)/NTWN, KAI\ E)N TH=| €PRA/CEI TW=N KALW=N, KAI\ E)N AU)TH=| TH=| TOU= LO/GOU QEWRI/A|: KALEI=TAI €DE\ H( ME\N TW=N O)/NTWN GNW=SIS QEWRHTIKH/, H( DE\ PERI\ TA\ PRAKTE/A €PRAKTIKH/, H( DE\ PERI\ TO\N LO/GON DIALEKTIKH/. …@6 @*DIAIREI=TAI DE\ AU(/TH EI)/S TE TO\ DIAIRETIKO\N KAI\ TO\ O(RISTIKO\N €KAI\ TO\ E)PAGWGIKO\N KAI\ TO\ SULLOGISTIKO/N, TOU=TO DE\ EI)S TO\ A)PO-€DEIKTIKO/N, O(/PER E)STI\ PERI\ TO\N A)NAGKAI=ON SULLOGISMO/N, KAI\ EI)S €TO\ E)PIXEIRHMATIKO/N, O(\ QEWREI=TAI PERI\ TO\N E)/NDOCON SULLOGISMO/N, €KAI\ EI)S TRI/TON TO\ R(HTORIKO/N, O(/PER E)STI\ PERI\ TO\ E)NQU/MHMA, O(\ €KALEI=TAI A)TELH\S SULLOGISMO/S, KAI\ PROSE/TI TA\ SOFI/SMATA: O(/PER €PROHGOU/MENON ME\N OU)K A)\N EI)/H TW=| FILOSO/FW|, A)NAGKAI=ON DE/. ‡@6 @*TH=S DE\ PRAKTIKH=S TO\ ME\N QEWREI=TAI PERI\ TH\N TW=N H)QW=N €E)PIME/LEIAN, TO\ DE\ PERI\ TH\N TOU= OI)/KOU PROSTASI/AN, TO\ DE\ PERI\ €PO/LIN KAI\ TH\N TAU/THS SWTHRI/AN: TOU/TWN TO\ ME\N PRW=TON H)QIKO\N €KE/KLHTAI, TO\ DE\ DEU/TERON OI)KONOMIKO/N, TO\ DE\ LOIPO\N POLITIKO/N. @1 @*TOU= DE\ QEWRHTIKOU= TO\ ME\N PERI\ TA\ A)KI/NHTA KAI\ TA\ PRW=TA €AI)/TIA KAI\ O(/SA QEI=A QEOLOGIKO\N KALEI=TAI, TO\ DE\ PERI\ TH\N TW=N €A)/STRWN FORA\N KAI\ TA\S TOU/TWN PERIO/DOUS KAI\ A)POKATASTA/SEIS KAI\ €TOU=DE TOU= KO/SMOU TH\N SU/STASIN FUSIKO/N, TO\ DE\ QEWROU/MENON DIA\ €GEWMETRI/AS KAI\ TW=N LOIPW=N MAQHMA/TWN MAQHMATIKO/N. …@6 @*TH=S DH\ DIAIRE/SEWS TOIAU/THS OU)/SHS KAI\ TOU= MERISMOU= TW=N €TH=S FILOSOFI/AS EI)DW=N, PERI\ TH=S DIALEKTIKH=S QEWRI/AS PRO/TERON €R(HTE/ON TH=S A)RESKOU/SHS TW=| *PLA/TWNI, KAI\ PRW/TISTA PERI\ €KRITHRI/OU. „@6 @*)EPEI\ OU)=N E)/STI TI TO\ KRI=NON, E)/STI DE\ KAI\ TO\ KRINO/-€MENON, EI)/H A)/N TI KAI\ TO\ E)K TOU/TWN A)POTELOU/MENON, O(/PER EI)/POI A)/N TIS €KRI/SIN. *KURI/WS ME\N DH\ TH\N KRI/SIN O)NOMA/SAI A)/N TIS KRITH/RION, €KOINO/TERON DE\ KAI\ TO\ KRI=NON: TOU=TO D' E)STI\ DITTO/N, TO\ ME\N U(F' €OU(= KRI/NETAI TO\ KRINO/MENON, TO\ DE\ DI' OU(=, W(=N TO\ ME\N EI)/H A)\N O( E)N €H(MI=N NOU=S, TO\ DE\ DI' OU(= O)/RGANON FUSIKO\N KRITIKO\N PROHGOUME/NWS €ME\N TW=N A)LHQW=N, E(POME/NWS DE\ KAI\ TW=N YEUDW=N: TOU=TO DE\ OU)K €A)/LLO TI/ E)STIN H)\ LO/GOS FUSIKO/S. @1 @*SAFE/STERON D' E)PIO/NTWN KRITH\S ME\N A)\N LE/GOITO O( FILO/SOFOS, €U(F' OU(= TA\ PRA/GMATA KRI/NETAI, KRITH\S DE\ KAI\ O( LO/GOS, DI' OU(= TO\ €A)LHQE\S KRI/NETAI, O(\ KAI\ O)/RGANON E)/FAMEN EI)=NAI. *DITTO\S D' E)STI\N O( €LO/GOS: O( ME\N GA/R E)STI PANTELW=S A)/LHPTO/S TE KAI\ A)TREKH/S, O( DE\ €KATA\ TH\N TW=N PRAGMA/TWN GNW=SIN A)DIA/YEUSTOS, TOU/TWN DE\ O( ME\N €PRO/TEROS QEW=| DUNATO/S, A)NQRW/PW| DE\ A)DU/NATOS, O( DE\ DEU/TEROS KAI\ €A)NQRW/PW| DUNATO/S. ‡@6 @*DITTO\S DE\ KAI\ OU(=TOS, O( ME\N PERI\ TA\ NOHTA/, O( DE\ PERI\ €TA\ AI)SQHTA/: W(=N O( ME\N PERI\ TA\ NOHTA\ E)PISTH/MH TE/ E)STI KAI\ €E)PISTHMONIKO\S LO/GOS, O( DE\ PERI\ TA\ AI)SQHTA\ DOCASTIKO/S TE KAI\ €DO/CA. *(/OQEN O( ME\N E)PISTHMONIKO\S TO\ BE/BAION E)/XEI KAI\ MO/NIMON, €A(/TE PERI\ TW=N BEBAI/WN KAI\ MONI/MWN U(PA/RXWN. O( DE\ PIQANO\S KAI\ €DOCASTIKO\S POLU\ TO\ EI)KO\S DIA\ TO\ MH\ PERI\ TA\ MO/NIMA EI)=NAI. †@6 @*)EPISTH/MHS DE\ TH=S PERI\ TA\ NOHTA\ KAI\ DO/CHS TH=S PERI\ TA\ €AI)SQHTA\ A)RXAI\ NO/HSI/S TE KAI\ AI)/SQHSIS. *(H ME\N OU)=N AI)/SQHSI/S €E)STI PA/QOS YUXH=S DIA\ SW/MATOS A)PAGGELTIKO\N PROHGOUME/NWS TH=S €PEPONQUI/AS DUNA/MEWS: O(PO/TAN DE\ E)N TH=| YUXH=| DIA\ TW=N AI)SQHTH-€RI/WN KATA\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN TU/POS E)GGE/NHTAI, O(/PER E)STI\N AI)/SQHSIS, €E)/PEITA OU(=TOS MH\ DIA\ XRO/NOU PLH=QOS E)CI/THLOS GE/NHTAI, A)LL' €E)/MMONOS KAI\ SWZO/MENOS, H( TOU/TOU SWTHRI/A MNH/MH KALEI=TAI. @1 @*DO/CA DE/ E)STI SUMPLOKH\ MNH/MHS KAI\ AI)SQH/SEWS. *(OPO/TAN €GA\R E)NTU/XWMEN AI)SQHTW=| TINI PRW=TON KAI\ A)P' AU)TOU= AI)/SQHSIS €H(MI=N GE/NHTAI KAI\ A)PO\ TAU/THS MNH/MH, E)/PEITA E)NTU/XWMEN TW=| €AU)TW=| PA/LIN AI)SQHTW=|, TH\N PROU+POKEIME/NHN MNH/MHN SUNTI/QEMEN TH=| €E)K DEUTE/ROU GENOME/NH| AI)SQH/SEI KAI\ E)N E(AUTOI=S LE/GOMEN FE/RE €*SWKRA/THS, I(/PPOS, PU=R, KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA: KAI\ TOU=TO KALEI=TAI €DO/CA, SUNQE/NTWN H(MW=N TH\N PROU+POKEIME/NHN MNH/MHN TH=| NEWSTI\ €GENOME/NH| AI)SQH/SEI: KAI\ O(/TAN ME\N SUMFWNH/SH| TAU=TA KAT' A)/LLHLA €GENO/MENA, A)LHQH\S GI/NETAI DO/CA, O(/TAN DE\ PARALLA/CH|, YEUDH/S. €*)\AN GA\R E)/XWN TIS MNH/MHN *SWKRA/TOUS E)NTUXW\N *PLA/TWNI OI)HQH=| €KATA/ TINA O(MOIO/THTA *SWKRA/TEI PA/LIN E)NTUGXA/NEIN, E)/PEITA TH\N €A)PO\ *PLA/TWNOS AI)/SQHSIN W(S A)PO\ *SWKRA/TOUS LABW\N SUNQEI/H H(=| €E)/XEI PERI\ *SWKRA/TOUS MNH/MH|, YEUDH\S GI/NETAI H( DO/CA: E)N W(=| DE\ þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¤•ˆŽGI/NETAI H( MNH/MH KAI\ H( AI)/SQHSIS, TOU=TO KHRI/NW| E)KMAGEI/W| O( €*PLA/TWN A)PEIKA/ZEI. *(/OTAN DE\ TA\ DOCASQE/NTA E)C AI)SQH/SEWS KAI\ €MNH/MHS A)NAPLA/SASA H( YUXH\ TH=| DIANOI/A| A)POBLE/PH| EI)S TAU=TA €W(/SPER EI)S E)KEI=NA, A)F' W(=N E)GE/NETO, A)NAZWGRA/FHSIN TO\ TOIOU=TON €O( *PLA/TWN KALEI=, E)/SQ' O(/TE DE\ KAI\ FANTASI/AN: TH\N DE\ DIA/NOIA/N €FHSI TO\N AU)TH=S TH=S YUXH=S PRO\S AU(TH\N DIA/LOGON, LO/GON DE\ TO\ €A)P' E)KEI/NHS R(EU=MA DIA\ TOU= STO/MATOS XWROU=N META\ FQO/GGOU. @1 @*NO/HSIS D' E)STI\ NOU= E)NE/RGEIA QEWROU=NTOS TA\ PRW=TA NOHTA/: €AU(/TH DITTH\ E)/OIKEN EI)=NAI, H( ME\N PRO\ TOU= E)N TW=|DE TW=| SW/MATI €GENE/SQAI TH\N YUXH/N, QEWROU/SHS AU)TH=S TA\ NOHTA/, H( DE\ META\ TO\ €E)MBIBASQH=NAI EI)S TO/DE TO\ SW=MA: TOU/TWN DE\ H( ME\N PRO\ TOU= E)N €SW/MATI GENE/SQAI TH\N YUXH\N AU)TO\ TOU=TO NO/HSIS E)KALEI=TO, GENO-€ME/NHS DE\ AU)TH=S E)N SW/MATI H( TO/TE LEGOME/NH NO/HSIS NU=N E)LE/XQH €FUSIKH\ E)/NNOIA, NO/HSI/S TIS OU)=SA E)NAPOKEIME/NH TH=| YUXH=|. *(/OTAN €OU)=N FW=MEN TH\N NO/HSIN A)RXH\N EI)=NAI TOU= E)PISTHMONIKOU= LO/GOU, €OU)XI\ TH\N NU=N LEGOME/NHN FAME/N, A)LLA\ TH\N O(/TE XWRI\S TOU= SW/MA-€TOS H)=N H( YUXH/, H(/TIS, W(S E)/FAMEN, TO/TE ME\N NO/HSIS E)LE/GETO, NU=N €DE\ FUSIKH\ E)/NNOIA, KALEI=TAI DE\ U(P' AU)TOU= H( FUSIKH\ E)/NNOIA KAI\ €E)PISTH/MH A(PLH= KAI\ PTE/RWMA YUXH=S, E)SQ' O(/TE DE\ KAI\ MNH/MH. @1 @*)EK DE\ TOU/TWN A(PLW=N OU)SW=N E)PISTHMW=N O( FUSIKO\S KAI\ E)PIS-€THMONIKO\S SUNE/STHKE LO/GOS, FU/SEI E)NUPA/RXWN: OU)KOU=N O)/NTOS KAI\ €E)PISTHMONIKOU= LO/GOU KAI\ DOCASTIKOU=, OU)/SHS DE\ KAI\ NOH/SEWS KAI\ €AI)SQH/SEWS, E)/STI KAI\ TA\ TOU/TOIS U(POPI/PTONTA, OI(=ON TA\ NOHTA\ KAI\ €AI)SQHTA/: KAI\ E)PEI\ TW=N NOHTW=N TA\ ME\N PRW=TA U(PA/RXEI, W(S AI( €I)DE/AI, TA\ DE\ DEU/TERA, W(S TA\ EI)/DH TA\ E)PI\ TH=| U(/LH| A)XW/RISTA O)/NTA €TH=S U(/LHS, KAI\ NO/HSIS E)/STAI DITTH/, H( ME\N TW=N PRW/TWN, H( DE\ TW=N €DEUTE/RWN. *KAI\ PA/LIN E)PEI\ TW=N AI)SQHTW=N E)STI\ TA\ ME\N PRW=TA, W(S €AI( POIO/THTES, OI(=ON XRW=MA, LEUKO/THS, TA\ DE\ KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S, €OI(=ON TO\ LEUKO/N, TO\ KEXRWSME/NON, META\ DE\ TAU=TA TO\ A)/QROISMA, €OI(=ON PU=R, ME/LI, OU(/TW DH\ KAI\ AI)/SQHSIS H( ME/N TIS E)/STAI TW=N €PRW/TWN PRW/TH LEGOME/NH, H( DE\ TW=N DEUTE/RWN DEUTE/RA. *TA\ ME\N €DH\ PRW=TA NOHTA\ NO/HSIS KRI/NEI OU)K A)/NEU TOU= E)PISTHMONIKOU= LO/GOU, €PERILH/YEI TINI\ KAI\ OU) DIECO/DW|, TA\ DE\ DEU/TERA O( E)PISTHMONIKO\S €LO/GOS OU)K A)/NEU NOH/SEWS: TA\ DE\ PRW=TA AI)SQHTA\ KAI\ TA\ DEU/TERA €H( AI)/SQHSIS KRI/NEI OU)K A)/NEU TOU= DOCASTIKOU= LO/GOU, TO\ DE\ A)/QROISMA €O( DOCASTIKO\S LO/GOS OU)K A)/NEU TH=S AI)SQH/SEWS. @1 @*TOU= NOHTOU= DE\ KO/SMOU PRW/TOU O)/NTOS NOHTOU=, TOU= D' AI)S-€QHTOU= A)QROI/SMATOS, TO\N ME\N NOHTO\N KO/SMON KRI/NEI NO/HSIS €META\ LO/GOU, TOUTE/STIN OU)K A)/NEU LO/GOU, TO\N DE\ AI)SQHTO\N O( €DOCASTIKO\S LO/GOS OU)K A)/NEU AI)SQH/SEWS. *OU)/SHS DE\ QEWRI/AS KAI\ €PRA/CEWS, O( O)RQO\S LO/GOS OU)X O(MOI/WS KRI/NEI TA\ TH=| QEWRI/A| U(POPI/-€PTONTA KAI\ TA\ PRAKTA/, A)LL' E)N ME\N TH=| QEWRI/A| E)PISKOPEI= TO\ €A)LHQE\S KAI\ TO\ MH\ OU(/TWS E)/XON, E)N DE\ TOI=S PRAKTOI=S, TI/ TO\ OI)KEI=ON €KAI\ TI/ TO\ A)LLO/TRION KAI\ TI/ TO\ PRATTO/MENON. *TW=| GA\R E)/XEIN E)/NNOIAN €FUSIKH\N KALOU= KAI\ A)GAQOU= TW=| LO/GW| XRW/MENOI KAI\ A)NAFE/RONTES €E)PI\ TA\S FUSIKA\S E)NNOI/AS W(S E)PI\ ME/TRA TINA\ W(RISME/NA KRI/NOMEN, €EI)/TE OU(/TWS E)/XEI TA/DE TINA/, EI)/TE KAI\ E(TE/RWS. ˆ‹@6 @*TH=S DIALEKTIKH=S DE\ STOIXEIWDE/STATON H(GEI=TAI €PRW=TON ME\N TO\ TH\N OU)SI/AN E)PIBLE/PEIN PANTO\S O(TOUOU=N, €E)/PEITA PERI\ TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN: E)PISKOPEI= DE\ AU)TO\ ME\N O(/ €E)STIN E(/KASTON H)\ A)/NWQEN DIAIRETIKW=S KAI\ O(RISTIKW=S H)\ KA/TW- @1€QEN A)NALUTIKW=S, TA\ DE\ SUMBEBHKO/TA KAI\ U(PA/RXONTA TAI=S €OU)SI/AIS H)\ E)K TW=N PERIEXOME/NWN DI' E)PAGWGH=S H)\ E)K TW=N €PERIEXO/NTWN DIA\ SULLOGISMOU=: W(S KATA\ LO/GON EI)=NAI TH=S €DIALEKTIKH=S TO\ ME\N DIAIRETIKO/N, TO\ DE\ O(RISTIKO/N, TO\ DE\ A)NALUTIKO/N, €KAI\ PROSE/TI E)PAGWGIKO/N TE KAI\ SULLOGISTIKO/N. ˆ‰@6 @*DIAI/RESIS ME\N TOI/NUN E)STI\N H( ME\N GE/NOUS EI)S EI)/DH TOMH/, H( €DE\ O(/LOU EI)S ME/RH: W(S H(NI/KA TE/MNOMEN TH\N YUXH\N EI)/S TE TO\ €LOGIKO\N KAI\ EI)S TO\ PAQHTIKO/N, KAI\ AU)= PA/LIN TO\ PAQHTIKO\N EI)/S TE €TO\ QUMIKO\N KAI\ TO\ E)PIQUMHTIKO/N: H( DE\ FWNH=S TOMH\ EI)S SHMAINO/-€MENA, W(S O(/TAN E(\N KAI\ TAU)TO\N O)/NOMA EI)S PLEI/W PRA/GMATA E(/LKHTAI: €H( DE\ SUMBEBHKO/TWN EI)S U(POKEI/MENA, W(S O(/TAN FW=MEN TW=N A)GAQW=N €TA\ ME\N PERI\ YUXH/N, TA\ DE\ PERI\ SW=MA, TA\ DE\ E)KTO/S: H( DE\ U(PO-€KEIME/NWN EI)S SUMBEBHKO/TA, W(S O(/TAN FW=MEN TW=N A)NQRW/PWN TOU\S €ME\N A)GAQOU\S EI)=NAI, TOU\S DE\ KAKOU/S, TOU\S DE\ ME/SOUS. ˆ‰@6 @*TH=| TOI/NUN TOU= GE/NOUS PRW=TON EI)S EI)/DH TOMH=| XRH=SQAI DEI= €U(PE\R TOU= DIAGINW/SKEIN AU)TO\ E(/KASTON O(/ E)STI KATA\ TH\N OU)SI/AN: €TOU=TO DE\ A)/NEU O(/ROU OU)K A)\N GE/NOITO, O( DE\ O(/ROS E)K DIAIRE/SEWS €GENNA=TAI TOU=TON TO\N TRO/PON: TOU= ME/LLONTOS O(/RW| U(POPI/PTEIN €PRA/GMATOS DEI= TO\ GE/NOS LABEI=N, W(S TOU= A)NQRW/POU TO\ ZW=|ON, @1 €E)/PEITA TOU=TO TE/MNEIN KATA\ TA\S PROSEXEI=S DIAFORA\S KATIO/NTAS €ME/XRI TW=N EI)DW=N, OI(=ON EI)S LOGIKO\N KAI\ A)/LOGON KAI\ QNHTO\N KAI\ €A)QA/NATON, W(/STE EI) SUNTEQEI=EN AI( PROSEXEI=S DIAFORAI\ TW=| GE/NEI €TW=| E)C AU)TW=N, O(/RON A)NQRW/POU GI/NESQAI. ˆ‰@6 @*)ANALU/SEWS DE\ EI)/DH E)STI\ TRI/A: H( ME\N GA/R E)STIN A)PO\ €TW=N AI)SQHTW=N E)PI\ TA\ PRW=TA NOHTA\ A)/NODOS, H( DE\ DIA\ TW=N €DEIKNUME/NWN KAI\ U(PODEIKNUME/NWN A)/NODOS E)PI\ TA\S A)NAPODEI/KTOUS €KAI\ A)ME/SOUS PROTA/SEIS, H( DE\ E)C U(POQE/SEWS A)NIOU=SA E)PI\ TA\S €A)NUPOQE/TOUS A)RXA/S. …@6 @*(H ME\N DH\ PRW/TH TOIA/DE TI/S E)STIN, OI(=ON A)\N A)PO\ TOU= €PERI\ TA\ SW/MATA KALOU= METI/WMEN E)PI\ TO\ E)N TAI=S YUXAI=S €KALO/N, A)PO\ DE\ TOU/TOU E)PI\ TO\ E)N TOI=S E)PITHDEU/MASIN, EI)=TA €A)PO\ TOU/TOU E)PI\ TO\ E)N TOI=S NO/MOIS, EI)=T' E)PI\ TO\ POLU\ PE/LAGOS TOU= €KALOU=, I(/NA OU(/TW METIO/NTES EU(/RWMEN LOIPO\N TO\ AU)TO\ TOU=TO KALO/N. €*TO\ DE\ DEU/TERON EI)=DOS TH=S A)NALU/SEWS TOIOU=TO/N TI/ E)STIN: U(POTI/-€QESQAI DEI= TO\ ZHTOU/MENON, KAI\ QEWREI=N TI/NA E)STI\ PRO/TERA AU)TOU=, €KAI\ TAU=TA A)PODEIKNU/EIN A)PO\ TW=N U(STE/RWN E)PI\ TA\ PRO/TERA A)NIO/NTA, €E(/WS A)\N E)/LQWMEN E)PI\ TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ O(MOLOGOU/MENON, A)PO\ TOU/TOU €DE\ A)RCA/MENOI E)PI\ TO\ ZHTOU/MENON KATELEUSO/MEQA SUNQETIKW=| €TRO/PW|: OI(=ON ZHTW=N EI) A)QA/NATO/S E)STIN H( YUXH/, U(POQE/MENOS AU)TO\ €TOU=TO, ZHTW= EI) A)EIKI/NHTOS, KAI\ TOU=TO A)PODEI/CAS ZHTW= EI) TO\ €A)EIKI/NHTON AU)TOKI/NHTON, KAI\ PA/LIN TOU=TO A)PODEI/CAS SKOPW= EI) TO\ @1 €AU)TOKI/NHTON A)RXH\ KINH/SEWS: EI)=TA EI) H( A)RXH\ A)GE/NHTOS, O(/PER €TI/QENTAI W(S O(MOLOGOU/MENON, TOU= A)GENH/TOU KAI\ A)FQA/RTOU O)/NTOS: €A)F' OU(= A)RCA/MENOS E)NARGOU=S O)/NTOS SUNQH/SW TOIAU/THN A)PO/DEICIN: €EI) H( A)RXH\ A)GE/NHTON, KAI\ A)/FQARTON, A)RXH\ KINH/SEWS, TO\ AU)TOKI/-€NHTON, TO\ AU)TOKI/NHTON DE\ YUXH/, A)/FQARTOS A)/RA KAI\ A)GE/NHTOS €KAI\ A)QA/NATOS H( YUXH/. ˆ“@6 @*(H DE\ E)C U(POQE/SEWS A)NA/LUSI/S E)STI TOIAU/TH: O( ZHTW=N TI €U(POTI/QETAI AU)TO\ E)KEI=NO, EI)=TA TW=| U(POTEQE/NTI SKOPEI= TI/ A)KOLOUQEI=, €KAI\ META\ TOU=TO EI) DE/OI LO/GON A)PODIDO/NAI TH=S U(POQE/SEWS, A)/LLHN €U(POQE/MENOS U(PO/QESIN, ZHTEI= EI) TO\ PRO/TERON U(POTEQE\N PA/LIN E)STI\N €A)KO/LOUQON A)/LLH| U(POQE/SEI, KAI\ TOU=TO ME/XRIS OU(= A)\N E)PI/ TINA €A)RXH\N A)NUPO/QETON E)/LQH| POIEI=. †@6 @*)EPAGWGH\ D' E)STI\ PA=SA H( DIA\ LO/GWN ME/QODOS H( A)PO\ TOU= €O(MOI/OU E)PI\ TO\ O(/MOION METIOU=SA H)\ A)PO\ TW=N KAQE/KASTA E)PI\ TA\ €KAQO/LOU: XRHSIMWTA/TH DE\ H( E)PAGWGH\ EI)S TO\ A)NAKINEI=N TA\S €FUSIKA\S E)NNOI/AS. @1 @*TOU= DE\ LO/GOU, O(\N KALOU=MEN PRO/TASIN, DU/O E)STI\N €EI)/DH, TO\ ME\N KATA/FASIS, TO\ DE\ A)PO/FASIS. *KATA/FASIS ME\N TO\ €TOIOU=TON: *SWKRA/THS PERIPATEI=: A)PO/FASIS DE\ TO\ TOIOU=TON: €*SWKRA/THS OU) PERIPATEI=. *TH=S DE\ A)POFA/SEWS KAI\ KATAFA/SEWS H( €ME/N E)STI KAQO/LOU, H( DE\ E)PI\ ME/ROUS, E)PI\ ME/ROUS ME\N KATAFATIKH\ €H( TOIAU/TH: TI\S H(DONH\ A)GAQO/N: A)POFATIKH\ DE\ TOIAU/TH: TI\S €H(DONH\ OU)K A)GAQO/N: KAQO/LOU DE\ KATAFATIKH\ ME\N H( TOIAU/TH: PA=N €TO\ AI)SXRO\N KAKO/N: A)POFATIKH\ DE\ H( TOIAU/TH: OU)DE\N TW=N AI)SXRW=N €A)GAQO/N. þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¦ˆ‰@6 @*TW=N DE\ PROTA/SEWN AI( ME\N KATHGORIKAI/ EI)SIN, AI( DE\ €U(POQETIKAI/: KATHGORIKAI\ ME\N AI( A(PLAI=, OI(=ON: PA=N DI/KAION €KALO/N: U(POQETIKAI\ DE/ EI)SIN AI( A)KOLOUQI/AN DHLOU=SAI H)\ MA/XHN. ƒ@6 @*XRH=TAI DE\ O( *PLA/TWN KAI\ TH=| TW=N SULLOGISMW=N PRAGMATEI/A| €E)LE/GXWN TE KAI\ A)PODEIKNU/WN, E)LE/GXWN ME\N DIA\ ZHTH/SEWS TA\ €YEUDH=, A)PODEIKNU/WN DE\ DIA/ TINOS DIDASKALI/AS TA)LHQH=. *)/ESTI DE\ €O( SULLOGISMO\S LO/GOS, E)N W(=| TEQE/NTWN TINW=N E(/TERO/N TI TW=N €KEIME/NWN DI' AU)TW=N TW=N TEQE/NTWN E)C A)NA/GKHS SUMBAI/NEI: TW=N €DE\ SULLOGISMW=N OI( ME/N EI)SI KATHGORIKOI/, OI( DE\ U(POQETIKOI/, OI( DE\ €MIKTOI\ E)K TOU/TWN: KATHGORIKOI\ ME/N, W(=N KAI\ TA\ LH/MMATA KAI\ TA\ €SUMPERA/SMATA A(PLAI= PROTA/SEIS U(PA/RXOUSIN, U(POQETIKOI\ DE\ OI( E)C €U(POQETIKW=N PROTA/SEWN, MIKTOI\ DE\ OI( TA\ DU/O SUNEILHFO/TES. @1 @*XRH=TAI DE\ O( A)NH\R TOI=S ME\N A)PODEIKTIKOI=S E)N TOI=S U(FHGHTIKOI=S €DIALO/GOIS, TOI=S DE\ E)NDO/COIS PRO\S TOU\S SOFISTA/S TE KAI\ NE/OUS, €TOI=S DE\ E)RISTIKOI=S PRO\S TOU\S I)DI/WS LEGOME/NOUS E)RISTIKOU/S, OI(=ON €*EU)QU/DHMON FE/RE KAI\ *(IPPI/AN. „@6 @*TW=N DE\ KATHGORIKW=N SXHMA/TWN O)/NTWN TRIW=N, KAI\ TOU= ME\N €PRW/TOU, E)N W(=| O( KOINO\S O(/ROS TOU= ME\N KATHGOREI=TAI, TW=| DE\ €U(PO/KEITAI, TOU= DE\ DEUTE/ROU, E)N W(=| O( KOINO\S O(/ROS A)MFOTE/RWN €KATHGOREI=TAI, TOU= DE\ TRI/TOU, E)N W(=| O( KOINO\S O(/ROS A)MFOTE/ROIS €U(PO/KEITAI [1O(/ROUS DE/ FHMI TA\ ME/RH TW=N PROTA/SEWN, OI(=ON E)PI\ TH=S: €O( A)/NQRWPOS ZW=|ON, TO\N A)/NQRWPON O(/RON FAME\N KAI\ TO\ ZW=|ON]1, KAI\ €KATA\ TO\ PRW=TON SXH=MA E)RWTA=| LO/GOUS POLLA/KIS O( *PLA/TWN KAI\ €KATA\ TO\ DEU/TERON KAI\ KATA\ TO\ TRI/TON. *KATA\ ME\N TO\ PRW=TON €OU(/TWS E)N *)ALKIBIA/DH|: TA\ DI/KAIA KALA/, TA\ KALA\ A)GAQA/, TA\ €DI/KAIA A)/RA A)GAQA/: KATA\ DE\ TO\ DEU/TERON W(S E)N *PARMENI/DH| OU(/TWS: €O(\ MH\ E)/XEI ME/RH, OU)/TE EU)QU/ E)STIN OU)/TE STROGGU/LON, TO\ METE/XON €SXH/MATOS H)\ EU)QU/ E)STIN H)\ STROGGU/LON, O(\ A)/RA MH\ E)/XEI ME/RH, €OU)/DE SXH/MATOS METE/XEI: KATA\ DE\ TO\ TRI/TON OU(/TWS E)N TW=| AU)TW=| €BIBLI/W|: TO\ METE/XON SXH/MATOS POIO/N E)STI, TO\ METE/XON SXH/MATOS €PEPERA/TWTAI, TO\ A)/RA POIO\N PEPERA/TWTAI. @1 @*TOU\S DE\ U(POQETIKOU\S E)N POLLOI=S BIBLI/OIS EU(RH/SOMEN E)RW-€TWME/NOUS U(P' AU)TOU=, MA/LISTA D' E)N TW=| *PARMENI/DH| TOIOU/TOUS €EU(/ROIMEN A)\N LO/GOUS: EI) MH\ E)/XEI ME/RH TO\ E(/N, OU)/TE A)RXH\N OU)/TE €ME/SON OU)/TE TELEUTH\N E)/XEI: EI) MH/TE A)RXH\N MH/TE ME/SON MH/TE €TELEUTH\N E)/XEI, OU)DE\ PE/RAS E)/XEI: EI) MH\ E)/XEI PE/RAS, OU)DE\ SXH/-€MATOS METE/XEI: EI) A)/RA MH\ E)/XEI ME/RH TO\ E(/N, OU)DE\ SXH/MATOS €METE/XEI. *KATA\ DE\ TO\ DEU/TERON U(POQETIKO\N SXH=MA, O(\ OI( PLEI=STOI €TRI/TON FASI/, KAQ' O(\ O( KOINO\S O(/ROS A)MFOTE/ROIS TOI=S A)/KROIS E(/PETAI, €OU(/TWS E)RWTA=|: EI) MH\ E)/XEI ME/RH TO\ E(/N, OU)/TE EU)QU/ E)STIN OU)/TE €STROGGU/LON: EI) METE/XEI SXH/MATOS, H)\ EU)QU/ E)STIN H)\ STROGGU/LON: €EI) A)/RA MH\ E)/XEI ME/RH, OU) METE/XEI SXH/MATOS: KAI\ MH\N KAI\ KATA\ €TO\ TRI/TON SXH=MA, PRO/S TINWN DE\ DEU/TERON, KAQ' O(\ O( KOINO\S O(/ROS €A)MFOTE/RWN H(GEI=TAI, E)N TW=| *FAI/DWNI OU(/TWS E)RWTA=| DUNA/MEI: EI) €LABO/NTES TH\N TOU= I)/SOU E)PISTH/MHN MH\ E)PILELH/SMEQA, E)PISTA/MEQA, €EI) DE\ E)PILELH/SMEQA, A)NAMIMNHSKO/MEQA. @1 @*KAI\ TW=N MIKTW=N DE\ ME/MNHTAI, TW=N ME\N E)C A)KOLOUQI/AS €KATASKEUASTIKW=N OU(/TWS: EI) TO\ E(\N O(/LON E)STI\ KAI\ PEPERASME/NON, €TOU=TO A)RXH\N KAI\ ME/SA KAI\ TELEUTH\N E)/XON KAI\ SXH/MATOS METE/XEI: €TO\ DE\ H(GOU/MENON: TO\ A)/RA LH=GON. „@6 @*TW=N DE\ E)C A)KOLOUQI/AS A)NASKEUASTIKW=N OU(/TW PWS TA\S €DIAFORA\S KATA\ TOU=TO QEWREI=SQAI. *(/OTAN OU)=N TIS A)KRIBW=S €KATI/DH| TA\S TH=S YUXH=S DUNA/MEIS KAI\ TA\S TW=N A)NQRW/PWN €DIAFORA/S, KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH TW=N LO/GWN, A(\ PROSARMO/TTEI TH=|DE H)\ TH=|DE €TH=| YUXH=|, O)CE/WS TE AI)SQA/NHTAI KAI\ O(POI=OS U(PO\ TI/NWN LO/GWN KAI\ €O(POI/WN PEI/QESQAI DU/NATAI, OU(=TOS, EI) PROSLA/BOI KAI\ TO\N KAIRO\N €TH=S XRH/SEWS TO\N PROSH/KONTA, TE/LEOS E)/STAI R(H/TWR KAI\ H( R(HTO-€RIKH\ AU)TOU=, DIKAI/WS A)\N LE/GOITO E)PISTH/MH TOU= EU)= LE/GEIN. ˆˆ@6 @*KAI\ TH\N TW=N SOFISMA/TWN DE\ ME/QODON EU(/ROIMEN A)\N U(PO\ TOU= €*PLA/TWNOS U(POGEGRAMME/NHN E)N TW=| *EU)QUDH/MW|, EI) A)KRIBW=S E)NTU/-€XOIMEN TW=| BIBLI/W|, W(/STE E)N AU)TW=| U(PODEDEI=XQAI, TI/NA ME\N PARA\ €TH\N FWNH/N E)STI SOFI/SMATA, TI/NA DE\ PARA\ TA\ PRA/GMATA, KAI\ TA\S €LU/SEIS AU)TW=N. @1 @*KAI\ MH\N TA\S DE/KA KATHGORI/AS E)/N TE TW=| *PARMENI/DH| €KAI\ E)N A)/LLOIS U(PE/DEICE, TO\N E)TUMOLOGIKO/N TE TO/PON O(/LON E)N €TW=| *KRATU/LW| DIECE/RXETAI: A(PLW=S DE\ I(KANW/TATOS O( A)NH\R €KAI\ QAUMASTH\S TH=S TE O(RISTIKH=S KAI\ DIAIRETIKH=S PRAGMA-€TEI/AS, AI(\ PA=SAI DEI/KNUNTAI MA/LISTA TH\N DU/NAMIN TH=S DIALEKTIKH=S. €*TA\ DE\ E)N TW=| *KRATU/LW| TOIOU=TON E)/XEI NOU=N: ZHTEI= GA/R, PO/TERON €FU/SEI TA\ O)NO/MATA/ E)STIN H)\ QE/SEI, A)RE/SKEI DE\ AU)TW=|, QE/SEI U(PA/RXEIN €TH\N O)RQO/THTA TW=N O)NOMA/TWN, OU) MH\N A(PLW=S OU)DE\ W(S E)/TUXEN, €A)LLA\ W(/STE TH\N QE/SIN GENE/SQAI A)KO/LOUQON TH=| TOU= PRA/GMATOS €FU/SEI: MH\ GA\R A)/LLO TH\N O)RQO/THTA EI)=NAI TOU= O)NO/MATOS H)\ TH\N €SU/MFWNON TH=| FU/SEI TOU= PRA/GMATOS QE/SIN. *MH/TE GA\R TH\N QE/SIN €TH\N O(POIA/NPOTE TOU= O)NO/MATOS AU)TA/RKH EI)=NAI KAI\ A)POXRW=SAN PRO\S €O)RQO/THTA, MH/TE TH\N FU/SIN KAI\ TH\N PRW/THN E)KFW/NHSIN, A)LLA\ TO\ €E)C A)MFOI=N, W(/STE EI)=NAI PANTO\S O)/NOMA KATA\ TO\ OI)KEI=ON TH=| TOU= €PRA/GMATOS FU/SEI KEI/MENON: OU) GA\R DH/POU A)\N TO\ TUXO\N TW=| €TUXO/NTI TEQH=|, SHMANEI= TO\ O)RQO/N, OI(=ON EI) I(/PPON QEI/MEQA A)NQRW/PW| €O)/NOMA. *KAI\ GA/R TOI TO\ LE/GEIN MI/A DH/ TI/S E)STI TW=N PRA/CEWN, €W(/STE OU)X O( O(PWSDH/POTE LE/GWN O)RQW=S A)\N LE/GOI, A)LL' EI) OU(/TW €LE/GOI, H(=| TA\ PRA/GMATA PE/FUKEN: E)PEI\ DE\ TOU= LE/GEIN ME/ROS E)STI\ @1 €TO\ O)NOMA/ZEIN, W(S KAI\ TOU= LO/GOU ME/ROS TO\ O)/NOMA, TO\ O)RQW=S KAI\ €MH\ O)RQW=S O)NOMA/ZEIN OU) KATA\ QE/SIN O(POIANOU=N GE/NOIT' A)/N, A)LLA\ €KATA\ TH\N FUSIKH\N TOU= O)NO/MATOS OI)KEIO/THTA PRO\S TO\ PRA=GMA, €KAI\ OU(=TOS A)\N EI)/H O)NOMATOQE/THS A)/RISTOS, O( SHMAI/NWN DI' O)NO/MATOS €TH\N FU/SIN TOU= PRA/GMATOS. *)/ESTI GA\R TO\ O)/NOMA O)/RGANON PRA/G-€MATOS OU)X O(\ E)/TUXEN, A)LLA\ TO\ KATA/LLHLON TH=| FU/SEI: KAI\ DIA\ €TOU/TOU DIDA/SKOMEN A)LLH/LOUS TA\ PRA/GMATA KAI\ DIAKRI/NOMEN €AU)TA/, W(/STE EI)=NAI TO\ O)/NOMA DIDASKALIKO/N TI KAI\ DIAKRITIKO\N TH=S €E(KA/STOU OU)SI/AS O)/RGANON, W(S H( KERKI\S TOU= U(FA/SMATOS. ˆœ@6 @*PERI\ TO\ DIALEKTIKO\N DH\ KAI\ TOU=TO U(PA/RCEI TO\ TOI=S €O)NO/MASIN O)RQW=S XRH=SQAI: W(S GA\R KERKI/DI XRH/SAIT' A)\N U(FANTIKO\S €A)NH/R, EI)DW\S AU)TH=S TO\ PROSH=KON E)/RGON, TE/KTONOS AU)TH\N DHMIOUR-€GH/SANTOS, OU(/TW KAI\ O( DIALEKTIKO/S, O)NOMATOQE/TOU QE/NTOS TOU)/NOMA, €XRH/SAIT' A)\N AU)TW=| KATA\ TRO/PON KAI\ PROSFO/RWS. *KAI\ GA\R TOU= €TE/KTONOS ME\N TO\ POIH=SAI PHDA/LION, KUBERNH/TOU DE\ TO\ XRH/SASQAI @1 €KALW=S: OU(/TW GA/R TOI KAI\ AU)TO\S O( O)NOMATOQE/THS KALW=S A)\N €XRH/SAITO TH=| QE/SEI, EI) W(S DIALEKTIKOU= PARO/NTOS POIOI=TO TH\N QE/SIN, €TH\N FU/SIN TW=N U(POKEIME/NWN E)PISTAME/NOU. ˆ‰@6 @*TO\ ME\N DH\ DIALEKTIKO\N E)PI\ TOSOU=TON U(POGE-€GRA/FQW: E(CH=S DE\ PERI\ TOU= QEWRHTIKOU= LE/GWMEN. *TOU/TOU TOI/NUN €TO\ ME\N EI)/POMEN EI)=NAI QEOLOGIKO/N, TO\ DE\ FUSIKO/N, TO\ DE\ MAQHMA-€TIKO/N: KAI\ O(/TI TOU= ME\N QEOLOGIKOU= TE/LOS H( PERI\ TA\ PRW=TA €AI)/TIA KAI\ A)NWTA/TW TE KAI\ A)RXIKA\ GNW=SIS, TOU= DE\ FUSIKOU= TO\ €MAQEI=N, TI/S POT' E)STI\N H( TOU= PANTO\S FU/SIS KAI\ OI(=O/N TI ZW=|ON O( €A)/NQRWPOS KAI\ TI/NA XW/RAN E)N KO/SMW| E)/XWN, KAI\ EI) QEO\S PRONOEI= €TW=N O(/LWN KAI\ EI) A)/LLOI QEOI\ TETAGME/NOI U(PO\ TOU/TW|, KAI\ TI/S H( €TW=N A)NQRW/PWN PRO\S TOU\S QEOU\S SXE/SIS: TOU= DE\ MAQHMATIKOU= €TO\ E)PESKE/FQAI TH\N E)PI/PEDO/N TE KAI\ TRIXH=| DIESTHKUI=AN FU/SIN, €PERI/ TE KINH/SEWS KAI\ FORA=S O(/PWS E)/XEI. @1 @*PROKEI/SQW DE\ H( TOU= MAQHMATIKOU= QEWRI/A E)PI\ KEFALAI/WN. €*AU(/TH TOI/NUN KAI\ PRO\S O)CU/THTA DIANOI/AS PARELH/FQH U(PO\ TOU= €*PLA/TWNOS, QH/GOUSA TH\N YUXH\N KAI\ PRO\S E)PI/SKEYIN TW=N O)/NTWN €A)KRI/BEIAN PAREXOME/NH: TO/ TE PERI\ TOU\S A)RIQMOU\S MO/RION O)\N TOU= €MAQHMATIKOU= OU)X H(\N E)/TUXEN OI)KEIO/THTA E)MPOIEI= PRO\S TH\N TOU= þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ§’†O)/NTOS E)PA/NODON, A)LLA\ SXEDO/N TI TH=S PERI\ TA\ AI)SQHTA\ PLA/NHS KAI\ €A)GNOI/AS A)PALLA/TTEI H(MA=S, SUNERGOU=N PRO\S TH\N TH=S OU)SI/AS GNW=-€SIN, PRO/S TE POLE/MOUS EU)/QETON U(PA/RXEI DIA\ TH\N TW=N TAKTIKW=N €QEWRI/AN: TO/ GE MH\N KATA\ TH\N GEWMETRI/AN E)PITHDEIO/TATON KAI\ €AU)TO\ PRO\S TH\N TOU= A)GAQOU= GNW=SIN, O(/TAN GE/ TIS MH\ PRA/CEWS E(/NEKA €METI/H| GEWMETRI/AN, A)LLA\ PROSXRW/MENOS AU)TH=| W(S E)PI\ TO\ O)\N A)EI\ €A)NIE/NAI KAI\ MH\ DIATRI/BEIN PERI\ TO\ GINO/MENON KAI\ A)POLLU/MENON. ˆŒ@6 @*KAI\ MH\N H( STEREOMETRI/A XRHSIMWTA/TH: META\ GA\R TH\N DEU-€TE/RAN AU)/CHSIN A)KO/LOUQOS H( KAQ' AU(TH\N QEWRI/A TRI/THN AU)/CHSIN €E)/XOUSA: XRH/SIMON DE\ W(/SPER TI TE/TARTON MA/QHMA KAI\ H( A)STRONOMI/A, €KAQ' H(\N E)N TW=| OU)RANW=| QEASO/MEQA A)/STRWN TE FORA\S KAI\ OU)RANOU= KAI\ €TO\N DHMIOURGO\N NUKTO\S KAI\ H(ME/RAS, MHNW=N TE KAI\ E)NIAUTW=N: €E)C W(=N KATA/ TINA OI)KEI/AN O(DO\N KAI\ TO\N A(PA/NTWN DHMIOURGO\N €ZHTH/SOMEN, METIO/NTES A)PO\ TOU/TWN TW=N MAQHMA/TWN W(/SPER TINO\S €U(POBA/QRAS KAI\ STOIXEI/WN. @1 @*KAI\ MOUSIKH=S DE\ E)PIMELHSO/MEQA, E)PI\ TA\ AU)TA\ TH\N A)KOH\N €A)NAFE/RONTES: W(S GA\R PRO\S A)STRONOMI/AN O)/MMATA SUNE/STHKEN, €OU(/TWS A)KOH\ PRO\S TO\ E)NARMO/NION: KAI\ W(/SPER A)STRONOMI/A| TO\N €NOU=N PROSE/XONTES A)PO\ TW=N O(RWME/NWN E)PI\ TH\N A)O/RATON KAI\ €NOHTH\N OU)SI/AN PODHGOU/MEQA, OU(/TW KAI\ TH=S E)NARMONI/OU €FWNH=S KATAKOU/ONTES A)PO\ TW=N A)KOUSTW=N E)PI\ TA\ AU)TW=| TW=| NW=| €QEWROU/MENA KATA\ TAU)TA\ METABAI/NOMEN: W(S EI) MH\ OU(/TW €METI/OIMEN TAU=TA TA\ MAQH/MATA, A)TELH/S TE KAI\ A)NO/NHTOS KAI\ €OU)DENO\S LO/GOU A)CI/A H( PERI\ TOU/TWN SKE/YIS GE/NOIT' A)\N H(MI=N. *DEI= €GA\R O)CE/WS A)PO\ TW=N O(RATW=N KAI\ A)PO\ TW=N A)KOUSTW=N METABAI/NEIN €E)P' E)KEI=NA, A(\ E)/STIN I)DEI=N MO/NW| TW=| TH=S YUXH=S LOGISMW=|. *)/ESTI €GA\R H( TW=N MAQHMA/TWN E)PI/SKEYIS W(S A)\N PROOI/MIO/N TI PRO\S TH\N €TW=N O)/NTWN QEWRI/AN: E)FIE/MENAI GA\R TOU= O)/NTOS LAMBA/NESQAI €GEWMETRI/A TE KAI\ A)RIQMHTIKH\ KAI\ AI( TAU/TAIS E(PO/MENAI O)NEIRW/T-€TOUSI ME\N PERI\ TO\ O)/N, U(/PAR DE\ AU)TO\ A)DUNATOU=SIN I)DEI=N, A)GNOOU=SAI €TA/S TE A)RXA\S KAI\ TA\ E)K TW=N A)RXW=N SUGKEI/MENA, OU)DE\N DE\ H(=TTON €XRHSIMW/TATAI OU)=SAI TUGXA/NOUSI KATA\ TA\ EI)RHME/NA. @1 @*(/OQEN OU)DE\ E)PISTH/MAS TAU=TA TA\ MAQH/MATA E)/FHSEN O( *PLA/TWN: €H( ME/NTOI DIALEKTIKH\ ME/QODOS A)PO\ TW=N GEWMETRIKW=N U(POQE/SEWN E)PI\ €TA\ PRW=TA KAI\ A)RXIKA\ KAI\ A)NUPO/QETA A)NIE/NAI PE/FUKEN: O(/QEN TH\N €ME\N DIALEKTIKH\N E)PISTH/MHN PROSEI=PE, TA\ DE\ MAQH/MATA OU)/TE DO/CAN €DIA\ TO\ E)NARGE/STERA EI)=NAI TW=N AI)SQHTW=N, OU)/TE E)PISTH/MHN DIA\ TO\ €A)MUDRO/TERA EI)=NAI TW=N PRW/TWN NOHTW=N: A)LLA\ DO/CAN ME\N TW=N €SWMA/TWN FHSI/N, E)PISTH/MHN DE\ TW=N PRW/TWN, DIA/NOIAN DE\ TW=N €MAQHMA/TWN. *TI/QETAI DE\ TI\ KAI\ PI/STIN KAI\ EI)KASI/AN, TOU/TWN DE\ €TH\N ME\N PI/STIN TW=N AI)SQHTW=N, TH\N DE\ EI)KASI/AN TW=N EI)KO/NWN KAI\ €EI)DW/LWN: E)PEI\ DE\ H( DIALEKTIKH\ I)SXURO/TATON TW=N MAQHMA/TWN, €A(/TE KAI\ PERI\ TA\ QEI=A KAI\ BE/BAIA GINOME/NH, DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ A)NW-€TE/RW TW=N MAQHMA/TWN TA/TTETAI, W(/SPER QRIGKO/S TIS U(PA/RXOUSA H)\ €FULAKH\ TW=N LOIPW=N. ˆ@6 @*META\ DE\ TAU=TA E(POME/NWS PERI\ TW=N A)RXW=N TE\ €KAI\ TW=N QEOLOGIKW=N LE/GWMEN QEWRHMA/TWN, A)/NWQEN A)PO\ TW=N €PRW/TWN A)RXO/MENOI KAI\ A)P' AU)TW=N KATI/ONTES KAI\ E)PISKOPOU=NTES €TH\N TOU= KO/SMOU GE/NESIN, TELEUTW=NTES DE\ EI)S A)NQRW/PWN GE/NESIN €KAI\ FU/SIN. *KAI\ PRW=TO/N GE PERI\ U(/LHS LE/GWMEN. @1 @*TAU/THN TOI/NUN E)KMAGEI=O/N TE KAI\ PANDEXE\S KAI\ TIQH/NHN €KAI\ MHTE/RA KAI\ XW/RAN O)NOMA/ZEI KAI\ U(POKEI/MENON A(PTO/N TE MET' €A)NAISQHSI/AS KAI\ NO/QW| LOGISMW=| LHPTO/N: I)DIO/THTA D' E)/XEIN TOIAU/-€THN, W(/STE PA=SAN GE/NESIN U(PODE/XESQAI TIQH/NHS LO/GON E)PE/XOUSAN €TW=| FE/REIN AU)TA\S KAI\ A)NADE/XESQAI ME\N AU)TH\N PA/NTA TA\ EI)/DH, €AU)TH\N DE\ KAQ' AU(TH\N A)/MORFO/N TE U(PA/RXEIN KAI\ A)/POION KAI\ A)NEI/-€DEON, A)NAMATTOME/NHN DE\ TA\ TOIAU=TA KAI\ E)KTUPOUME/NHN KAQA/PER €E)KMAGEI=ON KAI\ SXHMATIZOME/NHN U(PO\ TOU/TWN, MHDE\N I)/DION SXH=MA €E)/XOUSAN MHDE\ POIO/THTA. *OU) GA\R GE/NOIT' A)/N TI EU)= PARESKEUAS-€ME/NON PRO\S POIKI/LAS E)KTUPW/SEIS KAI\ MORFA/S, EI) MH\ A)/POION AU)TO\ €U(PA/RXOI KAI\ A)ME/TOXON E)KEI/NWN TW=N EI)DW=N, A(\ DEI= AU)TO\ DE/CASQAI: €O(RW=MEN DE\ KAI\ TOU\S TA\ A)LEI/MMATA E)C E)LAI/OU KATASKEUA/ZONTAS €TA\ EU)W/DH A)OSMOTA/TW| TOU/TW| XRWME/NOUS, KAI\ TOU\S TA\S MORFA\S €DHMIOURGEI=N BOULOME/NOUS E)K KHROU= H)\ PHLOU= PROLEAI/NONTAS €TAU=TA KAI\ W(S E)NDE/XETAI A)SXHMA/TISTA PARE/XONTAS. @1 @*PROSH/KEI DH\ KAI\ TH=| PANDEXEI= U(/LH|, EI) ME/LLEI KATA\ PA=N €DE/XESQAI TA\ EI)/DH, TW=| MHDEMI/AN AU)TW=N FU/SIN E)/XEIN U(POKEI=SQAI, €A)LL' A)/POIO/N TE EI)=NAI KAI\ A)NEI/DEON PRO\S U(PODOXH\N TW=N EI)DW=N: €TOIAU/TH D' OU)=SA OU)/TE SW=MA A)\N EI)/H OU)/TE A)SW/MATON, DUNA/MEI €DE\ SW=MA, W(S KAI\ TO\N XALKO\N U(PAKOU/OMEN DUNA/MEI A)NDRIA/NTA, €DIO/TI TO\ EI)=DOS DECA/MENOS A)NDRIA\S E)/STAI. †@6 @*)ARXIKO\N DE\ LO/GON E)PEXOU/SHS TH=S U(/LHS, E)/TI €KAI\ A)/LLAS A)RXA\S PARALAMBA/NEI, TH/N TE PARADEIGMATIKH/N, €TOUTE/STI TH\N TW=N I)DEW=N, KAI\ TH\N TOU= PATRO/S TE KAI\ AI)TI/OU €PA/NTWN QEOU=. *)/ESTI DE\ H( I)DE/A W(S ME\N PRO\S QEO\N NO/HSIS AU)TOU=, €W(S DE\ PRO\S H(MA=S NOHTO\N PRW=TON, W(S DE\ PRO\S TH\N U(/LHN €ME/TRON, W(S DE\ PRO\S TO\N AI)SQHTO\N KO/SMON PARA/DEIGMA, W(S DE\ €PRO\S AU(TH\N E)CETAZOME/NH OU)SI/A. *KAQO/LOU GA\R PA=N TO\ GINO/MENON €KAT' E)PI/NOIAN PRO/S TI O)FEI/LEI GI/NESQAI, OU(= W(/SPER EI) A)PO/ TINO/S TI €GE/NOITO, W(S A)P' E)MOU= H( E)MH\ EI)KW/N, DEI= TO\ PARA/DEIGMA PROU+-€POKEI=SQAI: EI)/TE KAI\ MH\ EI)/H E)/CW TO\ PARA/DEIGMA, PA/NTH PA/NTWS €E(/KASTOS E)N AU)TW=| TO\ PARA/DEIGMA I)/SXWN TW=N TEXNITW=N TH\N TOU/TOU €MORFH\N TH=| U(/LH| PERITI/QHSIN. @1 @*(ORI/ZONTAI DE\ TH\N I)DE/AN PARA/DEIGMA TW=N KATA\ FU/SIN €AI)W/NION. *OU)/TE GA\R TOI=S PLEI/STOIS TW=N A)PO\ *PLA/TWNOS A)RE/SKEI €TW=N TEXNIKW=N EI)=NAI I)DE/AS, OI(=ON A)SPI/DOS H)\ LU/RAS, OU)/TE MH\N TW=N €PARA\ FU/SIN, OI(=ON PURETOU= KAI\ XOLE/RAS, OU)/TE TW=N KATA\ ME/ROS, €OI(=ON *SWKRA/TOUS KAI\ *PLA/TWNOS, A)LL' OU)DE\ TW=N EU)TELW=N TINO/S, €OI(=ON R(U/POU KAI\ KA/RFOUS, OU)/TE TW=N PRO/S TI, OI(=ON MEI/ZONOS KAI\ €U(PERE/XONTOS: EI)=NAI GA\R TA\S I)DE/AS NOH/SEIS QEOU= AI)WNI/OUS TE €KAI\ AU)TOTELEI=S. ˆˆ@6 @*(/OTI DE/ EI)SIN AI( I)DE/AI, KAI\ OU(/TW PARAMUQOU=NTAI: EI)/TE €GA\R NOU=S O( QEO\S U(PA/RXEI EI)/TE NOERO/N, E)/STIN AU)TW=| NOH/MATA, KAI\ €TAU=TA AI)W/NIA/ TE KAI\ A)/TREPTA: EI) DE\ TOU=TO, EI)SI\N AI( I)DE/AI: KAI\ €GA\R EI) A)/METROS U(PA/RXEI H( U(/LH KATA\ TO\N E(AUTH=S LO/GON, PAR' €E(TE/ROU TINO\S KREI/TTONOS, KAI\ A)U/+LOU, TW=N ME/TRWN O)FEI/LEI €TUGXA/NEIN: TO\ DE\ H(GOU/MENON, TO\ A)/RA LH=GON: EI) DE\ TOU=TO, EI)SI\N €AI( I)DE/AI ME/TRA TINA\ A)/U+LA U(PA/RXOUSAI. *)/ETI GE MH\N EI) O( KO/SMOS €MH\ E)K TAU)TOMA/TOU TOIOU=TO/S E)STIN, OU) MO/NON E)/K TINO/S E)STI €GEGONW/S, A)LLA\ KAI\ U(PO/ TINOS, KAI\ OU) MO/NON TOU=TO, A)LLA\ KAI\ €PRO/S TI: TO\ DE\ PRO\S O(\ GE/GONE TI/ A)\N A)/LLO EI)/H H)\ I)DE/A; W(/STE €EI)=EN A)\N AI( I)DE/AI. @1 @*)ALLA\ MH\N KAI\ EI) NOU=S DIAFE/REI DO/CHS A)LHQOU=S, KAI\ TO\ €NOHTO\N H)=N TOU= DOCASTOU= DIAFE/RON: EI) DE\ TOU=TO, E)/STI NOHTA\ €E(/TERA TW=N DOCASTW=N: W(/STE EI)/H A)\N KAI\ PRW=TA NOHTA/, W(S KAI\ €PRW=TA AI)SQHTA/: EI) DE\ TOU=TO, EI)SI\N AI( I)DE/AI: A)LLA\ MH\N DIAFE/REI €NOU=S DO/CHS A)LHQOU=S: W(/STE EI)=EN A)\N AI( I)DE/AI. …@6 @*(ECH=S DE\ PERI\ TH=S TRI/THS A)RXH=S POIHTE/ON TO\N €LO/GON, H(\N MIKROU= DEI=N KAI\ A)/RRHTON H(GEI=TAI O( *PLA/TWN: €E)PAXQEI/HMEN D' A)\N PERI\ AU)TH=S TOU=TON TO\N TRO/PON. *EI) E)/STI €NOHTA/, TAU=TA DE\ OU)/TE AI)SQHTA/ E)STIN OU)/TE ME/TOXA TW=N AI)SQHTW=N, €A)LLA\ PRW/TWN TINW=N TW=N NOHTW=N, E)/STI PRW=TA NOHTA\ A(PLA=, W(S €KAI\ PRW=TA AI)SQHTA/: TO\ D' H(GOU/MENON, TO\ A)/RA LH=GON. *)/ANQRWPOI €ME\N DH\ A(/TE TOU= TH=S AI)SQH/SEWS PA/QOUS E)MPIPLA/MENOI, W(/STE KAI\ €O(PO/TE NOEI=N PROAIROI=NTO TO\ NOHTO/N, E)MFANTAZO/MENON E)/XEIN TO\ €AI)SQHTO/N, W(S KAI\ ME/GEQOS SUNEPINOEI=N KAI\ SXH=MA KAI\ XRW=MA €POLLA/KIS, OU) KAQARW=S TA\ NOHTA\ NOOU=SI, QEOI\ DE\ A)PHLLAGME/NWS €TW=N AI)SQHTW=N EI)LIKRINW=S TE KAI\ A)MIGW=S. @1 þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¨Š’@*)EPEI\ DE\ YUXH=S NOU=S A)MEI/NWN, NOU= DE\ TOU= E)N DUNA/MEI O( €KAT' E)NE/RGEIAN PA/NTA NOW=N KAI\ A(/MA KAI\ A)EI/, TOU/TOU DE\ KALLI/WN €O( AI)/TIOS TOU/TOU KAI\ O(/PER A)\N E)/TI A)NWTE/RW TOU/TWN U(FE/STHKEN, €OU(=TOS A)\N EI)/H O( PRW=TOS QEO/S, AI)/TIOS U(PA/RXWN TOU= A)EI\ E)NERGEI=N €TW=| NW=| TOU= SU/MPANTOS OU)RANOU=. *)ENERGEI= DE\ A)KI/NHTOS, AU)TO\S €W)\N EI)S TOU=TON, W(S KAI\ O( H(/LIOS EI)S TH\N O(/RASIN, O(/TAN AU)TW=| €PROSBLE/PH|, KAI\ W(S TO\ O)REKTO\N KINEI= TH\N O)/RECIN A)KI/NHTON €U(PA/RXON: OU(/TW GE DH\ KAI\ OU(=TOS O( NOU=S KINH/SEI TO\N NOU=N TOU= €SU/MPANTOS OU)RANOU=. ˆ‰@6 @*)EPEI\ DE\ O( PRW=TOS NOU=S KA/LLISTOS, DEI= KAI\ KA/LLISTON €AU)TW=| NOHTO\N U(POKEI=SQAI, OU)DE\N DE\ AU)TOU= KA/LLION: E(AUTO\N A)\N €OU)=N KAI\ TA\ E(AUTOU= NOH/MATA A)EI\ NOOI/H, KAI\ AU(/TH H( E)NE/RGEIA €AU)TOU= I)DE/A U(PA/RXEI. *KAI\ MH\N O( PRW=TOS QEO\S A)I/DIO/S E)STIN, €A)/RRHTOS, AU)TOTELH\S TOUTE/STIN A)PROSDEH/S, A)EITELH\S TOUTE/STIN €A)EI\ TE/LEIOS, PANTELH\S TOUTE/STI PA/NTH TE/LEIOS: QEIO/THS, €OU)SIO/THS, A)LH/QEIA, SUMMETRI/A, A)GAQO/N. *LE/GW DE\ OU)X W(S €XWRI/ZWN TAU=TA, A)LL' W(S KATA\ PA/NTA E(NO\S NOOUME/NOU. *KAI\ €A)GAQO\N ME/N E)STI, DIO/TI PA/NTA EI)S DU/NAMIN EU)ERGETEI=, PANTO\S €A)GAQOU= AI)/TIOS W)/N: KALO\N DE/, O(/TI AU)TO\S TH=| E(AUTOU= FU/SEI @1 €TE/LEO/N E)STI KAI\ SU/MMETRON: A)LH/QEIA DE/, DIO/TI PA/SHS A)LHQEI/AS €A)RXH\ U(PA/RXEI, W(S O( H(/LIOS PANTO\S FWTO/S: PATH\R DE/ E)STI €TW=| AI)/TIOS EI)=NAI PA/NTWN KAI\ KOSMEI=N TO\N OU)RA/NION NOU=N KAI\ TH\N €YUXH\N TOU= KO/SMOU PRO\S E(AUTO\N KAI\ PRO\S TA\S E(AUTOU= NOH/SEIS. €*KATA\ GA\R TH\N E(AUTOU= BOU/LHSIN E)MPE/PLHKE PA/NTA E(AUTOU=, TH\N €YUXH\N TOU= KO/SMOU E)PEGEI/RAS KAI\ EI)S E(AUTO\N E)PISTRE/YAS, TOU= €NOU= AU)TH=S AI)/TIOS U(PA/RXWN: O(\S KOSMHQEI\S U(PO\ TOU= PATRO\S €DIAKOSMEI= SU/MPASAN FU/SIN E)N TW=|DE TW=| KO/SMW|. ˆ’@6 @*)/ARRHTOS D' E)STI\ KAI\ NW=| MO/NW| LHPTO/S, W(S EI)/RHTAI, E)PEI\ €OU)/TE GE/NOS E)STI\N OU)/TE EI)=DOS OU)/TE DIAFORA/, A)LL' OU)DE\ SUMBE/BHKE/ €TI AU)TW=|, OU)/TE KAKO/N [1OU) GA\R QE/MIS TOU=TO EI)PEI=N]1, OU)/TE A)GAQO/N €[1KATA\ METOXH\N GA/R TINOS E)/STAI OU(=TOS KAI\ MA/LISTA A)GAQO/THTOS]1, €OU)/TE A)DIA/FORON [1OU)DE\ GA\R TOU=TO KATA\ TH\N E)/NNOIAN AU)TOU=]1, OU)/TE €POIO/N [1OU) GA\R POIWQE/N E)STI KAI\ U(PO\ POIO/THTOS TOIOU=TON A)POTE-€TELESME/NON]1, OU)/TE A)/POION [1OU) GA\R E)STE/RHTAI TOU= POIO\N EI)=NAI €E)PIBA/LLONTO/S TINOS AU)TW=| POIOU=]1: OU)/TE ME/ROS TINO/S, OU)/TE W(S €O(/LON E)/XON TINA\ ME/RH, OU)/TE W(/STE TAU)TO/N TINI EI)=NAI H)\ E(/TERON: €OU)DE\N GA\R AU)TW=| SUMBE/BHKE, KAQ' O(\ DU/NATAI TW=N A)/LLWN XWRIS-€QH=NAI: OU)/TE KINEI= OU)/TE KINEI=TAI. @1 @*)/ESTAI DH\ PRW/TH ME\N AU)TOU= NO/HSIS H( KATA\ A)FAI/RESIN €TOU/TWN, O(/PWS KAI\ SHMEI=ON E)NOH/SAMEN KATA\ A)FAI/RESIN A)PO\ TOU= €AI)SQHTOU=, E)PIFA/NEIAN NOH/SANTES, EI)=TA GRAMMH/N, KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON €TO\ SHMEI=ON. *DEUTE/RA DE/ E)STIN AU)TOU= NO/HSIS H( KATA\ A)NALOGI/AN €OU(/TW PWS: O(\N GA\R E)/XEI LO/GON O( H(/LIOS PRO\S TH\N O(/RASIN KAI\ TA\ €O(RW/MENA, OU)K W)\N AU)TO\S O)/YIS, PARE/XWN DE\ TH=| ME\N TO\ O(RA=N, TOI=S €DE\ TO\ O(RA=SQAI, TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N LO/GON O( PRW=TOS NOU=S PRO\S TH\N €E)N TH=| YUXH=| NO/HSIN KAI\ TA\ NOOU/MENA: OU) GA\R W)\N O(/PER E)STI\N H( €NO/HSIS, PARE/XEI AU)TH=| TO\ NOEI=N KAI\ TOI=S NOHTOI=S TO\ NOEI=SQAI, €FWTI/ZWN TH\N PERI\ AU)TA\ A)LH/QEIAN. ˆŠ@6 @*TRI/TH DE\ NO/HSIS TOIAU/TH TIS A)\N EI)/H: QEWRW=N GA/R TIS TO\ €E)PI\ TOI=S SW/MASI KALO/N, META\ TOU=TO ME/TEISIN E)PI\ TO\ TH=S YUXH=S €KA/LLOS, EI)=TA TO\ E)N E)PITHDEU/MASI KAI\ NO/MOIS, EI)=TA E)PI\ TO\ POLU\ €PE/LAGOS TOU= KALOU=, MEQ' O(\ AU)TO\ TO\ A)GAQO\N NOEI= KAI\ TO\ E)RASTO\N €KAI\ E)FETO\N W(/SPER FW=S FANE\N KAI\ OI(=ON E)KLA/MYAN TH=| OU(/TWS €A)NIOU/SH| YUXH=|: TOU/TW| DE\ KAI\ QEO\N SUNEPINOEI= DIA\ TH\N E)N TW=| €TIMI/W| U(PEROXH/N. @1 @*)AMERH= TE DIA\ TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI PRO/TERO/N TI AU)TOU=: TO\ GA\R €ME/ROS KAI\ TO\ E)C OU(=, PRO/TERON U(PA/RXEI TOU/TOU, OU(= ME/ROS: KAI\ €GA\R TO\ E)PI/PEDON PRO/TERON H)\ TO\ SW=MA, KAI\ H( GRAMMH\ PRO/TERON €H)\ TO\ E)PI/PEDON: ME/RH GE MH\N OU)K E)/XWN A)KI/NHTOS A)\N EI)/H KATA\ €TO/PON KAI\ A)LLOI/WSIN. *EI) GA\R A)LLOIWQH/SETAI, H)\ U(F' AU(TOU= H)\ U(F' €E(TE/ROU: EI) ME\N OU)=N U(F' E(TE/ROU, E)KEI=NO AU)TOU= I)SXURO/TERON E)/STAI, €EI) DE\ U(F' E(AUTOU=, H)/TOI E)PI\ TO\ XEI=RON A)LLOIWQEI/H A)\N H)\ E)PI\ TO\ €BE/LTION: A)/MFW DE\ A)/TOPA: E)C W(=N A(PA/NTWN A)NAFAI/NETAI KAI\ TO\ €A)SW/MATON AU)TO\ EI)=NAI. *(/OPER KA)K TOU/TWN A)PODEIXQH/SETAI: EI) €GA\R SW=MA O( QEO/S, E)C U(/LHS A)\N EI)/H KAI\ EI)/DOUS: DIA\ TO\ PA=N SW=MA €SUNDU/ASMA/ TI EI)=NAI E)/K TE U(/LHS KAI\ TOU= SU\N AU)TH=| EI)/DOUS, O(/PER €E)COMOIOU=TAI TAI=S I)DE/AIS KAI\ METE/XEI AU)TW=N DU/SFRASTON DH/ TINA €TRO/PON: A)/TOPON DE\ TO\N QEO\N E)C U(/LHS EI)=NAI KAI\ EI)/DOUS: OU) GA\R €E)/STAI A(PLOU=S OU)DE\ A)RXIKO/S: W(/STE A)SW/MATOS A)\N EI)/H O( QEO/S. ˆŽ@6 @*KAI\ AU)TO/QEN DE/: EI) SW=MA/ E)STIN, E)C U(/LHS A)\N U(PA/RXOI: H)\ €PU=R A)\N OU)=N EI)/H H)\ U(/DWR H)\ GH= H)\ A)H\R H)/ TI E)K TOU/TWN: A)LL' €E(/KASTO/N GE TOU/TWN OU)K A)RXIKO/N. *KAI\ A)/LLWS DE\ U(/STERON GENH/-€SETAI TH=S U(/LHS, EI) E)C U(/LHS U(PA/RXOI: W(=N A)TO/PWN O)/NTWN A)SW/- @1€MATON AU)TO\N U(POLHPTE/ON: KAI\ GA/R, EI) SW=MA/ E)STI, KAI\ FQARTO\S €E)/STAI KAI\ GENHTO\S KAI\ METABLHTO/S: E(/KASTON DE\ TOU/TWN A)/TOPON €E)P' AU)TOU=. ‡@6 @*KAI\ MH\N KAI\ AI( POIO/THTES TOU=TON TO\N TRO/PON €DEIKNU/OINT' A)\N A)SW/MATOI. *PA=N SW=MA U(POKEI/MENO/N E)STIN, H( DE\ €POIO/THS OU)X U(POKEI/MENON, A)LLA\ SUMBEBHKO/S: OU)K A)/RA SW=MA H( €POIO/THS. *PA=SA POIO/THS E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, OU)DE\N DE\ SW=MA E)N U(PO-€KEIME/NW|, OU)K A)/RA SW=MA H( POIO/THS: E)/TI POIO/THS POIO/THTI E)NAN-€TI/ON, OU) MH\N KAI\ SW=MA SW/MATI, SW=MA/ TE SW/MATOS KAQO/SON SW=MA €OU)DENI\ DIAFE/REI, POIO/THTI DE\ DIAFE/REI KAI\ OU) MA\ *DI/A SW/MATI: €OU)K A)/RA SW/MATA AI( POIO/THTES. *EU)LOGW/TATO/N TE, W(S H( U(/LH €A)/POIOS, TH\N POIO/THTA A)/U+LON EI)=NAI: EI) DE\ H( POIO/THS A)/U+LOS, €A)SW/MATOS A)\N EI)/H H( POIO/THS. *EI)/ GE MH\N SW/MATA KAI\ AI( POIO/THTES, €DU/O KAI\ TRI/A SW/MATA E)/STAI E)N TW=| AU)TW=| TO/PW|, A)TOPWTA/TOU €TOU/TOU U(PA/RXONTOS: EI) DE\ AI( POIO/THTES A)SW/MATOI, KAI\ TO\ €DHMIOURGIKO\N TOU/TWN A)SW/MATON. ˆ@6 @*)/ETI TA\ POIOU=NTA OU)K A)\N A)/LLA EI)/H H)\ TA\ A)SW/MATA: PAQHTA\ €GA\R TA\ SW/MATA KAI\ R(EUSTA\ KAI\ OU)K A)EI\ KATA\ TA\ AU)TA\ KAI\ @1 €W(SAU/TWS E)/XONTA, OU)DE\ MO/NIMA KAI\ E)/MPEDA, A(/ GE KAI\ E)N OI(=S DOKEI= €TI POIEI=N POLU\ PRO/SQEN EU(RI/SKETAI PA/SXONTA: W(/SPER OU)=N E)/STI €TI PAQHTIKO\N EI)LIKRINW=S, OU(/TWS A)NAGKAI=O/N TI EI)=NAI KAI\ A)TREKW=S €POIHTIKO/N: OU)K A)/LLO DE\ EU(/ROIMEN A)\N TOU=TO H)\ A)SW/MATON. †@6 @*(O ME\N DH\ PERI\ TW=N A)RXW=N LO/GOS TOIOU=TOS A)/N TIS EI)/H €QEOLOGIKO\S LEGO/MENOS: E)PI\ DE\ TO\N KALOU/MENON FUSIKO\N TO/PON €E(CH=S XWRHTE/ON E)NTEU=QE/N POQEN A)RCAME/NOUS. ƒ@6 @*)EPEI\ GA\R TW=N KATA\ FU/SIN AI)SQHTW=N KAI\ KATA\ €ME/ROS W(RISME/NA TINA\ DEI= PARADEI/GMATA EI)=NAI TA\S I)DE/AS, W(=N KAI\ €TA\S E)PISTH/MAS GI/NESQAI KAI\ TOU\S O(/ROUS: PARA\ PA/NTAS GA\R €A)NQRW/POUS A)/NQRWPO/N TINA NOEI=SQAI KAI\ PARA\ PA/NTAS I(/PPOUS €I(/PPON, KAI\ KOINW=S PARA\ TA\ ZW=|A ZW=|ON A)GE/NHTON KAI\ A)/FQARTON, €O)\N TRO/PON SFRAGI=DOS MIA=S E)KMAGEI=A GI/NETAI POLLA\ KAI\ E(NO\S €A)NDRO\S EI)KO/NES MURI/AI E)PI\ MURI/AIS, TH=S I)DE/AS OU)/SHS AI)TI/AS A)RXH\N €TOU= EI)=NAI E(/KASTON TOIOU=TON, OI(=ON AU)TH\ U(PA/RXEI: A)NAGKAI=ON KAI\ €TO\ KA/LLISTON KATASKEU/ASMA TO\N KO/SMON U(PO\ TOU= QEOU= DEDH-€MIOURGH=SQAI PRO/S TINA I)DE/AN KO/SMOU A)POBLE/PONTOS, PARA/DEIGMA €U(PA/RXOUSAN TOU=DE TOU= KO/SMOU W(S A)\N A)PEIKONISME/NOU A)P' E)KEI/NHS, €PRO\S H(\N A)FOMOIWQE/NTA U(PO\ TOU= DHMIOURGOU= AU)TO\N A)PEIRGA/SQAI €KATA\ QAUMASIWTA/THN PRO/NOIAN KAI\ DI/AITAN E)LQO/NTOS E)PI\ TO\ €DHMIOURGEI=N TO\N KO/SMON, DIO/TI A)GAQO\S H)=N. @1 @*)EK TH=S PA/SHS OU)=N U(/LHS AU)TO\N E)DHMIOU/RGEI: H(\N A)TA/KTWS €KAI\ PLHMMELW=S KINOUME/NHN PRO\ TH=S OU)RANOU= GENE/SEWS E)K TH=S €A)TACI/AS PARALABW\N PRO\S TH\N A)RI/STHN H)/GAGE TA/CIN, A)RIQMOI=S €PRE/POUSI TA\ ME/RH KOSMH/SAS AU)TOU= KAI\ SXH/MASIN, W(/STE DIAKRI=NAI þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¨Œ’…O(/PWS NU=N E)/XEI PU=R TE KAI\ GH= PRO\S A)E/RA TE KAI\ U(/DWR, I)/XNH ME\N €TE/WS E)/XONTA KAI\ TO\ DEKTIKO\N TH=S TW=N STOIXEI/WN DUNA/MEWS, €A)LO/GWS DE\ KAI\ A)ME/TRWS SEI/ONTA/ TE TH\N U(/LHN KAI\ PRO\S TAU/THS €SEIO/MENA. *)EC E(KA/STOU GA\R O(/LOU TW=N TETTA/RWN AU)TO\N STOIXEI/WN €E)GE/NNHSE, PURO/S TE PANTO\S KAI\ GH=S U(/DATO/S TE KAI\ A)E/ROS, OU)DE\N €ME/ROS OU)DENO\S A)POLIPW\N OU)DE\ DU/NAMIN, DIANOHQEI\S PRW=TON ME\N €O(/TI SWMATOEIDE\S XRH\ TO\ GENO/MENON EI)=NAI KAI\ PA/NTWS A(PTO/N TE €KAI\ O(RATO/N, XWRI\S DE\ PURO\S KAI\ GH=S OU)X OI(=O/N TE OU)/TE O(RATO/N TI €EI)=NAI OU)/TE A(PTO/N: KATA\ DH\ TO\N EI)KO/TA LO/GON E)K GH=S AU)TO\N KAI\ €PURO\S E)POI/HSEN: E)PEI\ DE\ KAI\ DESMO\N E)/DEI TINA\ SUNAGWGO\N A)MFOTE/RWN €E)N ME/SW| GENE/SQAI, QEI=OS DE\ DESMO\S O( TH=S A)NALOGI/AS, O(\S E(AUTO/N €TE KAI\ TA\ SUNDOU/MENA PE/FUKEN E(\N POIEI=N, E)PI/PEDO/S TE OU)K H)=N O( €KO/SMOS_A)PE/XRH GA\R A)\N AU)TW=| MI/A MESO/THS_SFAIROEIDH\S @1 €DE/, DUOI=N E)DE/HSEN AU)TW=| MESOTH/TWN EI)S SUNARMOGH/N: DIA\ TOU=TO €PURO\S E)N ME/SW| KAI\ GH=S A)H/R TE KAI\ U(/DWR E)TA/XQH KATA\ TO\N TH=S €A)NALOGI/AS TRO/PON: W(/STE W(S E)/XEI PU=R PRO\S A)E/RA, OU(/TWS E)/XEIN €A)E/RA TE PRO\S U(/DWR KAI\ TOU=TO PRO\S GH=N KAI\ A)NA/PALIN. ˆ•@6 @*TW=| DE\ MHDE\N E)/CWQEN U(POLEI/PESQAI KAI\ MONOGENH= TO\N €KO/SMON E)POI/HSE KAI\ KATA\ TO\N A)RIQMO\N TH=| I)DE/A| EI)KASME/NON MIA=| €OU)/SH|, PRO/S TE TOU/TOIS A)/NOSON KAI\ A)GH/RW, A(/TE AU)TW=| MHDENO\S €PROSIO/NTOS TOU= KHRAI/NEIN PEFUKO/TOS, AU)TA/RKH TE KAI\ OU)DENO\S €E)/CWQEN DEO/MENON: SXH=MA D' AU)TW=| PERIE/QHKE TO\ SFAIROEIDE/S, €EU)MORFO/TATON SXHMA/TWN KAI\ POLUXWRO/TATON KAI\ EU)KINHTO/TATON: €KAI\ E)PEI\ OU)/TE O(RA/SEWS E)DEI=TO OU)/TE A)KOH=S OU)/TE MH\N A)/LLOU €TOIOU/TOU TINO/S. OU) PROSH=YEN AU)TW=| TOIAU=TA O)/RGANA PRO\S @1 €U(PHRESI/AN, A)FELO/MENOS DE\ TA\S LOIPA\S KINH/SEIS MO/NHN AU)TW=| €DE/DWKE TH\N KUKLOFORHTIKH/N, NOU= KAI\ FRONH/SEWS OI)KEI/AN €U(PA/RXOUSAN. ˆ‹@6 @*)EC W(=N DE\ SUNE/STHKEN O( KO/SMOS, DU/O U(PARXO/NTWN, €SW/MATOS KAI\ YUXH=S, W(=N TO\ ME\N O(RATO\N KAI\ A(PTO/N, H( DE\ A)O/RATO/S €TE KAI\ A)NAFH/S, E(KATE/ROU H( DU/NAMIS KAI\ H( SU/STASIS DIA/FOROS €OU)=SA TUGXA/NEI. *TO\ ME\N GA\R SW=MA AU)TOU= E)K PURO\S GE/GONE KAI\ €GH=S U(/DATO/S TE KAI\ A)E/ROS: TAU=TA DH\ TA\ TE/TTARA SULLABW\N O( €DHMIOURGO\S TOU= KO/SMOU OU) MA\ *DI/A STOIXEI/WN TA/CIN E)PE/XONTA €DIESXHMA/TISE PURAMI/DI KAI\ KU/BW| KAI\ O)KTAE/DRW| KAI\ EI)KOSAE/DRW| €KAI\ E)PI\ PA=SI DWDEKAE/DRW|: KAI\ KAQO\ ME\N PURAMI/DOS SXH=MA €E)/LABEN H( U(/LH, PU=R E)GE/NETO, TMHTIKWTA/TOU TOU= SXH/MATOS O)/NTOS €KAI\ E)C E)LATTO/NWN TRIGW/NWN, TAU/TH| DE\ KAI\ MANOTA/TOU: KAQO\ DE\ €O)KTAE/DROU, TH\N A)E/ROS POIO/THTA A)PE/LABE, KAQO\ DE\ EI)KOSAE/DROU €TU/PON, TH\N U(/DATOS POIO/THTA E)/SXE, TO\ DE\ TOU= KU/BOU SXH=MA A)PE-€DI/DOU TH=| GH=|, STEREWTA/TH| U(PARXOU/SH| KAI\ E(DRAIOTA/TH|: TW=| DE\ €SXH/MATI TW=| DWDEKAE/DRW| PRO\S TO\ PA=N KATEXRH/SATO. @1 @*PA/NTWN DE\ TOU/TWN A)RXIKWTE/RA FU/SIS H( TW=N E)PIPE/DWN: €TW=N GA\R STEREW=N PROHGEI=TAI TA\ E)PI/PEDA: TH=S DE\ E)PIPE/DOU €FU/SEWS W(/SPER TINA\ PRO/GONA DU/O U(PA/RXEI TRI/GWNA TA\ KA/LLISTA €O)RQOGW/NIA O)/NTA, TO\ ME\N SKALHNO/N, TO\ DE\ I)SOSKELE/S: TOU= SKA-€LHNOU= MI/AN ME\N GWNI/AN O)RQH\N E)/XONTOS, MI/AN DE\ DIMOI/ROU, TH\N €DE\ KATALEIPOME/NHN TRI/TOU. *TO\ ME\N DH\ PRO/TERON, LE/GW DE\ TO\ €SKALHNO\N TRI/GWNON, PURAMI/DOS KAI\ O)KTAE/DROU KAI\ EI)KOSAE/DROU €STOIXEI=ON GI/NETAI, TH=S ME\N PURAMI/DOS E)K TETTA/RWN I)SOPLEU/RWN €TRIGW/NWN SUNESTW/SHS, EI)S E(\C TRI/GWNA SKALHNA\ TA\ EI)RHME/NA €E(KA/STOU DIAIROUME/NOU: TOU= DE\ O)KTAE/DROU E)C O)KTW\ O(MOI/WS €DIAIROUME/NOU E(KA/STOU EI)S E(\C SKALHNA/, TA\ DE\ EI)KOSAE/DROU E)C €EI)/KOSI. *TO\ DE\ E(/TERON, LE/GW DE\ TO\ I)SOSKELE/S, SUSTATIKO\N TOU= €KU/BOU GI/NETAI: TE/TTARA GA\R I)SOSKELH= TRI/GWNA SUNELQO/NTA €TETRA/GWNON POIEI=, E)C O(POI/WN E(\C TETRAGW/NWN O( KU/BOS SUNI/STATAI: €TW=| DE\ DWDEKAE/DRW| EI)S TO\ PA=N O( QEO\S KATEXRH/SATO, DIO/TI ZW/|DIA/ €TE E)N OU)RANW=| QEWREI=TAI DW/DEKA E)N TW=| ZW|DIAKW=| KU/KLW| KAI\ @1 €E(/KASTON AU)TW=N EI)S MOI/RAS TRIA/KONTA DIAIREI=TAI, PARAPLHSI/WS €KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= DWDEKAE/DROU E)K PENTAGW/NWN O)/NTOS DW/DEKA, DIAIROU-€ME/NWN EI)S PE/NTE TRI/GWNA, W(/STE E(/KASTON DI' E(\C TRIGW/NWN EI)=NAI, €E)N O(/LW| TW=| DWDEKAE/DRW| TRIAKOSI/WN E(CH/KONTA EU(RISKOME/NWN €TRIGW/NWN, O(PO/SAI KAI\ E)N TW=| ZW|DIAKW=| MOI=RAI OU)=SAI TUGXA/NOUSI. ˆ•@6 @*TOU/TOIS OU)=N U(PO\ TOU= QEOU= H( U(/LH TUPWQEI=SA E)KINEI=TO ME\N €TO\ PRW=TON TOI=S I)/XNESIN A)TA/KTWS, EI)=TA U(PO\ TOU= QEOU= PRO\S TA/CIN €H)/XQH, A(RMOSQE/NTWN PA/NTWN A)NALOGI/A| PRO\S A)/LLHLA: OU) ME/NEI €DE\ TAU=TA DIAKRIQE/NTA KATA\ XW/RAN, A)/PAUSTON DE\ E)/XEI SEISMO\N €KAI\ TH=| U(/LH| PARE/XEI, DIO/TI TH=| TOU= KO/SMOU PERIFORA=| SFIGGO/MENA €SUNWQEI=TAI KAI\ SUNELAUNO/MENA PRO\S A)/LLHLA FE/RETAI TA\ LEPTO-€MERE/STERA EI)S TA\S TW=N A(DROMERESTE/RWN XW/RAS. *DIA\ TOU=TO DE\ €MHDE\N KENO\N U(POLEI/PETAI SW/MATOS E)/RHMON, KAI\ H( A)NWMALO/THS €DE\ DIAME/NOUSA TO\N SEISMO\N PARE/XETAI: U(PO/ TE GA\R TOU/TWN H( U(/LH €SEI/ETAI KAI\ TAU=TA U(P' E)KEI/NHS. @1 @*TA\ ME\N DH\ SW/MATA [2SUN]2ISTA/S, [2E)K]2 TW=N €E)MFAINOME/NWN E)N TH=| YUXH=| DUNA/MEWN TH\N DIDASKALI/AN AU)TH=S €PEPOI/HTAI. *)EPEI\ GA\R E(/KASTA TW=N O)/NTWN KRI/NOMEN TH=| YUXH=|, TA\S €A(PA/NTWN TW=N O)/NTWN A)RXA\S EI)KO/TWS E)GKATE/TACEN AU)TH=|, I(/N' A)EI\ TW=N €U(POPIPTO/NTWN E(/KASTON KATA\ TO\ SUGGENE\S KAI\ PARAPLH/SION €QEWROU=NTES SU/MFWNON TOI=S E)/RGOIS KAI\ TH\N OU)SI/AN AU)TH=S U(POSTH-€SW/MEQA. ‡@6 @*LE/GWN OU)=N EI)=NAI/ TINA NOHTH\N OU)SI/AN A)ME/RISTON, KAI\ A)/LLHN €PERI\ TA\ SW/MATA MERISTH\N U(PESTH/SATO, E)MFAI/NWN O(/TI E(KATE/RAS TW=N €OU)SIW=N E)FA/PTESQAI DU/NATAI TH=| NOH/SEI: O(RW=N DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N €NOHTW=N TAUTO/THTA/ TE KAI\ E(TERO/THTA, KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N MERISTW=N, E)K €PA/NTWN TOU/TWN SUNHRA/NIKE TH\N YUXH/N: H)\ GA\R TW=| O(MOI/W| TO\ €O(/MOION GNWRI/ZETAI, W(S TOI=S *PUQAGOREI/OIS A)RE/SKEI, H)\ TW=| A)NO-€MOI/W| TO\ A)NO/MOION, W(S *(HRAKLEI/TW| TW=| FUSIKW=|. @1 @*(/OTAN DE\ EI)/PH| GENHTO\N EI)=NAI TO\N KO/SMON, OU)X OU(/TWS €A)KOUSTE/ON AU)TOU=, W(S O)/NTOS POTE\ XRO/NOU, E)N W(=| OU)K H)=N KO/SMOS: €A)LLA\ DIO/TI A)EI\ E)N GENE/SEI E)STI\ KAI\ E)MFAI/NEI TH=S AU(TOU= U(POSTA/-€SEWS A)RXIKW/TERO/N TI AI)/TION: KAI\ TH\N YUXH\N DE\ A)EI\ OU)=SAN TOU= €KO/SMOU OU)XI\ POIEI= O( QEO/S, A)LLA\ KATAKOSMEI=, KAI\ TAU/TH| LE/GOIT' €A)\N KAI\ POIEI=N, E)GEI/RWN KAI\ E)PISTRE/FWN PRO\S AU(TO\N TO/N TE NOU=N €AU)TH=S KAI\ AU)TH\N W(/SPER E)K KA/ROU TINO\S BAQE/OS H)\ U(/PNOU, O(/PWS €A)POBLE/POUSA PRO\S TA\ NOHTA\ AU)TOU= DE/XHTAI TA\ EI)/DH KAI\ TA\S €MORFA/S, E)FIEME/NH TW=N E)KEI/NOU NOHMA/TWN. ˆ‰@6 @*DH=LON OU)=N O(/TI ZW=|ON A)\N EI)/H O( KO/SMOS KAI\ NOERO/N: A)/RISTON €GA\R AU)TO\N BOULO/MENOS POIH=SAI O( QEO\S A)KOLOU/QWS KAI\ E)/MYUXON €AU)TO\N E)POI/HSE KAI\ NOERO/N: TO/ TE GA\R E)/MYUXON A)POTE/LESMA TOU= €MH\ E)MYU/XOU O(/LON O(/LOU KREI=TTON KAI\ TO\ NOERO\N TOU= MH\ NOEROU=, €I)/SWS OU)X OI(/OU TE O)/NTOS NOU= A)/NEU YUXH=S U(POSTH=NAI: TH=S DE\ €YUXH=S TAQEI/SHS E)K TOU= ME/SOU E)PI\ TA\ PE/RATA, SUNE/BH AU)TH\N TO\ €SW=MA TOU= KO/SMOU KU/KLW| DIA\ PANTO\S PERIE/XEIN KAI\ PERIKALU/YAI, €W(/STE O(/LW| TW=| KO/SMW| AU)TH\N PAREKTEI=NAI KAI\ TOU=TON TO\N TRO/PON @1 €AU)TO\N SUNDEI=N TE KAI\ SUNE/XEIN, KRATEI=N ME/NTOI TA\ E)KTO\S AU)TH=S €TW=N E)NTO/S. *(H ME\N GA\R E)KTO\S A)/SXISTOS E)/MEINEN, H( DE\ E)NTO\S EI)S €E(PTA\ KU/KLOUS E)TMH/QH E)C A)RXH=S NEMHQEI=SA KATA\ DIPLA/SIA KAI\ €TRIPLA/SIA DIASTH/MATA: E)/STI TE H( ME\N PERIEXOME/NH U(PO\ TH=S €A)SXI/STOU MEINA/SHS SFAI/RAS TAU)TW=| PARAPLHSI/A, H( DE\ SXISQEI=SA €QATE/RW|. ˆŽ@6 @*(H ME\N GA\R TOU= PA/NTA PERIE/XONTOS OU)RANOU= KI/NHSIS €A)PLANH\S OU)=SA MI/A TE/ E)STI KAI\ TETAGME/NH, H( ME/NTOI TW=N E)NTO\S €POIKI/LH KAI\ A)NATOLAI=S TE KAI\ DU/SESIN A)LLOI/A, DIO\ KAI\ PLANH=TIS €KALEI=TAI: FE/RETAI DE\ H( ME\N E)KTO\S E)PI\ TA\ DECIA\ A)P' A)NATOLH=S €E)PI\ DU/SIN KINOUME/NH, H( D' E)NTO\S A)NA/PALIN E)PI\ TA\ A)RISTERA/, A)PO\ €DU/SEWS E)P' A)NATOLH\N U(PANTIA/ZOUSA TW=| KO/SMW|. @1 @*)EDHMIOU/RGHSE DE\ O( QEO\S KAI\ A)STE/RAS TE KAI\ A)/STRA, KAI\ þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¨Ž–‚TOU/TWN TA\ ME\N A)PLANH=, KO/SMON OU)RANOU= TE KAI\ NUKTO/S, PA/M-€POLLA O)/NTA TW=| PLH/QEI, TA\ DE\ EI)S GE/NESIN A)RIQMOU= KAI\ XRO/NOU €KAI\ DEI=CIN TW=N O)/NTWN, E(PTA\ O)/NTA. *KAI\ GA\R TO\N XRO/NON E)POI/HSE €TH=S KINH/SEWS TOU= KO/SMOU DIA/STHMA, W(S A)\N EI)KO/NA TOU= AI)W=NOS, €O(/S E)STI ME/TRON TOU= AI)WNI/OU KO/SMOU TH=S MONH=S. *TA\ DE\ MH\ A)PLANH= €TW=N A)/STRWN TH=| DUNA/MEI OU)X O(/MOIA. *(/HLIOS ME\N GA\R H(GEMONEU/EI €PA/NTWN, DEIKNU/S TE KAI\ FAI/NWN TA\ SU/MPANTA: SELH/NH DE\ E)N €TA/CEI DEUTE/RA| QEWREI=TAI E(/NEKA TH=S DUNA/MEWS, OI( DE\ A)/LLOI €PLANH=TAI A)NALO/GWS KATA\ MOI=RAN E(/KASTOS I)DI/AN. *KAI\ SELH/NH ME\N €MHNO\S ME/TRON POIEI=, E)KPERIELQOU=SA TO\N E(AUTH=S KU/KLON KAI\ €KATALABOU=SA TO\N H(/LION E)N TOSOU/TW|: H(/LIOS DE\ E)NIAUTW=|: PERI-€ELQW\N GA\R TO\N ZW|OFO/RON KU/KLON PLHROI= TA\S W(/RAS TOU= E)/TOUS: €OI(/ TE A)/LLOI KAQ' E(/NA E(/KASTON PERIO/DOIS I)DI/AIS KE/XRHNTAI, AI(/TINES €QEWRHTAI\ OU) TOI=S TUXOU=SIN EI)SI/N, A)LLA\ TOI=S PEPAIDEUME/NOIS: E)K €DE\ PASW=N TW=N PERIO/DWN O( TE/LEIOS A)RIQMO\S KAI\ XRO/NOS SUMPERAI-€OU=TAI O(PO/TAN E)PI\ TO\ AU)TO\ SHMEI=ON PA/NTES OI( PLANH=TAI E)LQO/NTES €TAU/THN TH\N TA/CIN LA/BWSIN, W(/STE EU)QEI/AS NOHQEI/SHS A)PO\ TH=S €A)PLANOU=S SFAI/RAS E)PI\ TH\N GH=N NEUOU/SHS KATA\ KA/QETON TA\ KE/NTRA €AU)TW=N E)PI\ TAU/THS QEWREI=SQAI. @1 @*(EPTA\ TOI/NUN SFAIRW=N OU)SW=N E)N TH=| PLANWME/NH| SFAI/RA|, €E(PTA\ SW/MATA O( QEO\S DHMIOURGH/SAS O(RATA\ E)K PURW/DOUS TH=S €PLEI/STHS OU)SI/AS E)FH/RMOSE TAI=S SFAI/RAIS U(PARXOU/SAIS E)K TOU= €QATE/ROU KU/KLOU KAI\ PLANWME/NOU. *SELH/NHN ME\N DH\ TW=| META\ GH=N €E)PE/QHKE KU/KLW| TW=| PRW/TW|, H(/LION DE\ EI)S TO\N DEU/TERON E)/TACE, €E(WSFO/RON DE\ KAI\ TO\N I(ERO\N *(ERMOU= LEGO/MENON A)STE/RA EI)S TO\N €I)SOTAXH= ME\N H(LI/W| KU/KLON I)O/NTA, TOU/TOU DE\ A)FESTW=TA: U(/PERQEN €DE\ TOU\S A)/LLOUS KATA\ SFAI=RAN OI)KEI/AN: TO\N ME\N BRADU/TATON €AU)TW=N U(PO\ TH=| TW=N A)PLANW=N KEI/MENON SFAI/RA|, O(\N *KRO/NOU TINE\S €E)PONOMA/ZOUSIN A)STE/RA, TO\N DE\ BRADUTH=TI DEU/TERON META\ TOU=TON €*DIO\S E)PW/NUMON, U(F' O(\N TO\N *)/AREWS: O)GDO/H DE\ PA=SIN H( A)/NWQEN €DU/NAMIS PERIBE/BLHTAI. *PA/NTES DE\ OU(=TOI NOERA\ ZW=|A KAI\ QEOI\ €KAI\ SFAIRIKA\ TOI=S SXH/MASIN. @1 @*EI)SI\ DE\ KAI\ A)/LLOI DAI/MONES, OU(\S KAI\ KALOI/H A)/N €TIS GENHTOU\S QEOU/S, KAQ' E(/KASTON TW=N STOIXEI/WN, OI( ME\N O(RATOI/, €OI( DE\ A)O/RATOI, E)/N TE AI)QE/RI KAI\ PURI\ A)E/RI TE KAI\ U(/DATI, W(S €MHDE\N KO/SMOU ME/ROS YUXH=S A)/MOIRON EI)=NAI MHDE\ ZW/|OU KREI/TTONOS €QNHTH=S FU/SEWS: TOU/TOIS DE\ U(POTE/TAKTAI TA\ U(PO\ SELH/NHN PA/NTA €KAI\ TA\ E)PI/GEIA. †@6 @*(O ME\N GA\R QEO\S TOU= TE PANTO\S U(PA/RXEI POIHTH\S AU)TO\S €KAI\ TW=N QEW=N TE KAI\ DAIMO/NWN, O(\ DH\ PA=N LU/SIN OU)K E)/XEI KATA\ €TH\N E)KEI/NOU BOU/LHSIN: TW=N DE\ A)/LLWN OI( E)KEI/NOU PAI=DES €H(GOU=NTAI, KATA\ TH\N E)KEI/NOU E)NTOLH\N KAI\ MI/MHSIN PRA/TTONTES O(/SA €PRA/TTOUSIN, A)F' W(=N KLHDO/NES KAI\ O)TTEI=AI KAI\ O)NEI/RATA KAI\ €XRHSMOI\ KAI\ O(/SA KATA\ MANTEI/AN U(PO\ QNHTW=N TEXNITEU/ETAI. †@6 @*KEI=TAI DE\ H( ME\N GH= TW=N O(/LWN ME/SH, PERI\ TO\N DIA\ PANTO\S €TETAME/NON SFIGGOME/NH PO/LON, H(ME/RAS FU/LAC KAI\ NUKTO/S, PRESBU-€TA/TH TW=N E)NTO\S OU)RANOU= QEW=N META/ GE TH\N YUXH\N TOU= KO/SMOU, €TROFH\N H(MI=N PARE/XOUSA DAYILH=: PERI\ H(\N O( KO/SMOS POLEI=TAI, €A)/STRON TI KAI\ AU(/TH U(PA/RXOUSA, ME/NOUSA DE\ DIA\ TO\ I)SO/RROPO/N €TI EI)=NAI XRH=MA E)N ME/SW| KEI/MENON, O(MOI/WN TW=N PERIEXO/NTWN. @1 @*(O DE\ AI)QH\R E)CWTA/TW DIH|RHME/NOS EI)/S TE TH\N TW=N A)PLANW=N €SFAI/RAN KAI\ EI)S TH\N TW=N PLANWME/NWN: MEQ' A(\S H( TOU= A)E/ROS €U(PA/RXEI, KAI\ E)N ME/SW| H( GH= SU\N TW=| E(AUTH=S U(GRW=|. ƒ@6 @*)EPEI\ DE\ DIEKEKO/SMHTO AU)TW=| TA\ PA/NTA, TRI/A €DE\ TA\ LOIPA\ GE/NH ZW/|WN E)/LEIPEN, A(/PER E)/MELLE QNHTA\ E)/SESQAI, €TO/ TE PTHNO\N KAI\ TO\ E)/NUDRON KAI\ TO\ PEZO/N, TOI=S E)KGO/NOIS AU(TOU= €QEOI=S E)PE/TACE TH\N TOU/TWN POI/HSIN, O(/PWS MH\ U(P' AU)TOU= PLAS-€QE/NTA A)QA/NATA GE/NOITO. *AU)TOI\ DH\ DANEISA/MENOI A)PO\ TH=S PRW/THS €U(/LHS MO/RIA A)/TTA PRO\S W(RISME/NOUS XRO/NOUS, W(S EI)S AU)TO\ PA/LIN €A)PODOQHSO/MENA, E)DHMIOU/RGOUN TA\ QNHTA\ ZW=|A. ‡@6 @*)EPEI\ DE\ PERI\ TOU= A)NQRWPEI/OU GE/NOUS W(S SUGGENESTA/TOU €QEOI=S PA/LIN FRONTI\S H)=N TW=| TE PATRI\ PA/NTWN KAI\ TOI=S TOU/TOU €E)KGO/NOIS QEOI=S, KATE/PEMYEN E)PI\ GH=N TA\S TOU/TOU TOU= GE/NOUS €YUXA\S O( TW=N O(/LWN DHMIOURGO\S I)SARI/QMOUS TOI=S A)/STROIS: €E)MBIBA/SAS TE W(S EI)S O)/XHMA A)/STRON TO\ SU/NNOMON A(PA/SAS NO/MOUS @1 €TOU\S EI(MARME/NOUS EI)=PEN AU)TAI=S NOMOQE/TOU TRO/PON, O(/PWS AU)TO\S €A)NAI/TIOS H)=|: O(/TI TA\ PA/QH A)PO\ SW/MATOS PROSFU/SETAI QNHTA/: €PRW=TA ME\N AI)SQH/SEIS, E)/PEITA DE\ H(DONH\ KAI\ LU/PH, FO/BOS TE KAI\ €QUMO/S, W(=N KRATH/SASAI KAI\ MHDAMW=S BIASQEI=SAI AI( ME\N DI/KH| €BIW/SONTAI KAI\ EI)S TO\ SU/NNOMON A)/STRON A)FI/CONTAI, AI( DE\ KRATHQEI=SAI €U(PO\ A)DIKI/AS EI)S GUNAIKO\S E)N TH=| DEUTE/RA| GENE/SEI BI/ON E)LEU/SONTAI, €MH\ PAUO/MENAI DE\ TO\ TELEUTAI=ON EI)S QHRI/WN FU/SIN: TE/LOS DE\ €AU)TAI=S TW=N PO/NWN E)/STAI TO\ NIKH=SAI ME\N TA\ PROSFU/NTA, EI)S DE\ €TH\N OI)KEI/AN E(/CIN E)LQEI=N. ˆŽ@6 @*OI( DH\ QEOI\ E)/PLASAN ME\N PROHGOUME/NWS TO\N €A)/NQRWPON E)K GH=S KAI\ PURO\S KAI\ A)E/ROS KAI\ U(/DATOS, MOI/RAS TINA\S €DANEIZO/MENOI EI)S A)PO/DOSIN, SUNQE/NTES DE\ A)ORA/TOIS GO/MFOIS E(/N TI €SW=MA E)RGASA/MENOI, TH=S KATAPEMFQEI/SHS YUXH=S TO\ KU/RION E)NE/DHSAN €EI)S TH\N KEFALH/N, W(/SPER A)/ROURAN U(POQE/NTES TO\N E)GKE/FALON, PERI/ €TE TO\ PRO/SWPON E)/QESAN TA\ TW=N AI)SQHTHRI/WN O)/RGANA, U(PHRESI/AN €E)KTELE/SONTA TH\N PROSH/KOUSAN: SUNE/QESAN DE\ TO\N ME\N MUELO\N @1 €E)K TW=N LEI/WN TE KAI\ A)STRABW=N TRIGW/NWN, E)C W(=N TA\ STOIXEI=A €E)GE/NETO, SPE/RMATOS GE/NESIN E)SO/MENON: TO\ DE\ O)STOU=N E)K GH=S €KAI\ MUELOU= DEUQE/NTWN KAI\ POLLA/KIS U(/DATI KAI\ PURI\ BAFE/NTWN: €TA\ DE\ NEU=RA E)C O)STOU= KAI\ SARKO/S: AU)TH\ DE\ H( SA\RC E)GE/NETO E)/K €TE A(LMUROU= KAI\ O)CE/OS OI(=ON ZUMW/MATOS. ˆŒ@6 @*PERIE/QHKAN DE\ MUELW=| ME\N TO\ O)STOU=N, TOI=S DE\ O)STOI=S PRO\S €SU/NDESIN AU)TW=N NEU=RA: KAI\ DIA\ NEU/RWN ME\N KA/MYEIS E)GE/NONTO €KAI\ A)/RQRWN SUNDE/SEIS, DIA\ DE\ SARKO\S SKE/PH AU)TOI=S W(/SPER €E)PIPLASSOME/NHS PH| ME\N LEUKH=S PH| DE\ PELIA=S, PRO\S AU)TO\ TO\ €EU)/XRHSTON TW=| SW/MATI. …@6 @*)EK TOU/TWN DE\ KAI\ TA\ E)NTO\S SUNEPLE/XQH SPLA/GXNA KAI\ €KOILI/A TE KAI\ PERI\ TAU/THN E)/NTERA E(LIXQE/NTA, A)/NWQE/N TE A)PO\ €STO/MATOS A)RTHRI/A KAI\ FA/RUGC, H( ME\N EI)S STO/MAXON, H( DE\ EI)S €PNEU/MONA I)OU=SA. *DIOIKEI=TAI DE\ TA\ SITI/A KATA\ TH\N GASTE/RA €PNEU/MATI/ TE KAI\ QERMW=| TEMNO/MENA KAI\ MALATTO/MENA KAI\ OU(/TWS @1 €E)PI\ PA=N TO\ SW=MA XWROU=NTA KATA\ TA\S OI)KEI/AS METABOLA/S: DU/O €DE\ FLE/BES PARA\ TH\N R(A/XIN I)OU=SAI TH\N KEFALH\N E)NANTI/WS KATA-€PLE/KOUSIN A)LLH/LAIS A)PANTW=SAI, SXI/ZONTAI/ TE TOU)NTEU=QEN E)PI\ €POLLA/. ˆ‰@6 @*)ERGASA/MENOI DE\ OI( QEOI\ TO\N A)/NQRWPON KAI\ E)NDH/SANTES €TW=| SW/MATI AU)TOU= TH\N YUXH\N DESPO/SOUSAN AU)TOU=, TAU/THS TO\ €H(GEMONIKO\N KATA\ LO/GON PERI\ TH\N KEFALH\N KAQI/DRUSAN, E)/NQA €MUELOU= TE A)RXAI\ KAI\ NEU/RWN KAI\ KATA\ TA\S PEI/SEIS PARAFROSU/NAI, €PERIKEIME/NWN KAI\ TW=N AI)SQH/SEWN TH=| KEFALH=|, W(/SPER DORUFOROU-€SW=N TO\ H(GEMONIKO/N. *)EN TOU/TW| KAI\ TO\ LOGISTIKO\N TW=| TO/PW| €KAI\ TO\ KRI=NO/N TE KAI\ TO\ QEWROU=N: TO\ DE\ PAQHTIKO\N TH=S YUXH=S €KATWTE/RW E)POI/HSAN, TO\ ME\N QUMIKO\N PERI\ TH\N KARDI/AN, TO\ DE\ €E)PIQUMHTIKO\N PERI\ TO\ H)=TRON KAI\ TOU\S PERI\ TO\N O)MFALO\N TO/POUS, €PERI\ W(=N U(/STERON EI)RH/SETAI. @1 @*(IDRU/SANTES DE\ PERI\ TO\ PRO/SWPON TA\ FWSFO/RA €O)/MMATA KAQEI=RCAN E)N AU)TOI=S TOU= PURO\S TO\ FWTOEIDE/S, O(/PER LEI=ON €U(PA/RXON KAI\ PUKNO\N A)DELFO\N W)/|ONTO EI)=NAI TOU= MEQHMERINOU= €FWTO/S. *TOU=TO DH\ R(A=|STA DI' O(/LWN ME\N TW=N O)FQALMW=N, MA/LISTA €DE\ KATA\ TO\ ME/SON AU)TW=N DIEKQEI=, TO\ KAQARW/TATO/N TE KAI\ EI)LIKRI-€NE/STATON: O(\ GINO/MENON SUMPAGE\S TW=| E)/CWQEN, O(/MOION O(MOI/W|, €O(RATIKH\N AI)/SQHSIN PARE/XETAI: O(/QEN KAI\ TOU= FWTO\S NU/KTWR €A)PIO/NTOS H)\ SKOTWQE/NTOS OU)KE/TI PROSFU/ETAI TO\ A)F' H(MW=N R(EU=MA €TW=| PLHSI/ON A)E/RI, SUNEXO/MENON DE\ E)NTO\S O(MALU/NEI TE KAI\ DIAXEI= þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¨’ˆŠTA\S E)N H(MI=N KINH/SEIS, E)PAGWGO\N U(/PNOU GINO/MENON, PAR' O(\ KAI\ €MU/EI TA\ BLE/FARA. ˆ‹@6 @*POLLH=S ME\N DH\ H(SUXI/AS GENOME/NHS BRAXUO/NEIROI U(/PNOI €E)MPI/PTOUSIN, U(POLEIFQEISW=N DE/ TINWN KINH/SEWN FANTA/SMATA €SUXNA\ GI/NETAI PERI\ H(MA=S: KAI\ TA\S ME\N U(/PAR TE KAI\ O)/NAR €KAT' EU)QUWRI/AN GINOME/NAS FANTASI/AS W(DI\ SUNI/STASQAI: TAU/TAIS €DE\ E(POME/NWS KAI\ TA\S KATA\ TW=N KATO/PTRWN EI)DWLOPOII/+AS KAI\ TW=N €A)/LLWN O(/SA DIAFANH= KAI\ LEI=A OU)K A)/LLWS H)\ KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN €SUNTELEI=SQAI, W(S A)\N E)/XH| TO\ KA/TOPTRON KURTO/THTOS H)\ KOILO/THTOS €H)\ MH/KOUS: DIA/FOROI GA\R E)/SONTAI FANTASI/AI, A)NTAPWQOUME/NWN @1 €TW=N FW/TWN PRO\S TA\ ME/RH TA\ E(/TERA, A)POLISQAINO/NTWN ME\N TH=S €KURTO/THTOS, EI)S DE\ TH\N KOILO/THTA SUNIO/NTWN. *OU(/TW GA\R E)F' W(=N €ME\N E)C E)NANTI/WN TO\ LAIO\N KAI\ TO\ DECIO\N O(RA=TAI, E)F' W(=N DE\ KATA\ €I)/SON, E)F' W(=N DE\ TA\ KA/TW PRO\S TA\ A)/NW KAI\ E)/MPALIN METAPI/PTEI. ˆŒ@6 @*)AKOH\ DE\ GE/GONE PRO\S FWNH=S GNW=SIN, A)RXOME/NH €ME\N A)PO\ TH=S PERI\ TH\N KEFALH\N KINH/SEWS, TELEUTW=SA DE\ PERI\ €H(/PATOS E(/DRAN: H( DE\ FWNH/ E)STIN H( DI' W)/TWN E)RXOME/NH E)GKEFA/LOU €TE KAI\ AI(/MATOS, DIADIDOME/NH DE\ ME/XRI YUXH=S PLHGH/, O)CEI=A ME\N €H( TAXE/WS KINOUME/NH, BAREI=A DE\ H( BRADE/WS, KAI\ MEGA/LH ME\N H( €POLLH/, MIKRA\ DE\ H( O)LI/GH. @1 @*TOU/TOIS DE\ E(POME/NWS H( TW=N MUKTH/RWN DU/NAMIS PRO\S TH\N €TW=N O)SMW=N AI)/SQHSIN SUNE/STH: E)/STI DE\ H( O)SMH/ TI KATIO\N A)PO\ €TW=N E)N TOI=S MUKTH=RSI FLEBI/WN PA/QOS ME/XRI TW=N PERI\ TO\N €O)MFALO\N TO/PWN: EI)/DH DE\ TAU/THS OU)X U(PA/RXEI KATWNOMASME/NA €E)/CW DUOI=N TOI=N GENIKWTA/TOIN, EU)W/DOUS TE KAI\ DUSW/DOUS, A(/PER €TH\N TOU= A)LGEINOU= TE KAI\ H(DE/OS E)/XEI PRO/SRHSIN. *PA=SAN DE\ TH\N €O)SMH\N A)E/ROS ME\N EI)=NAI PAXUTE/RAN, U(/DATOS DE\ LEPTOTE/RAN: €SHMEI=ON DE/, E)N OI(=S EI)KO/TWS LE/GETAI TO\ TH=S O)SMH=S GE/NOS, O(/TI €TOU/TWN E)STI\ TW=N OU)DE/PW METABOLH\N TELEI/AN EI)LHFO/TWN, A)LLA\ €KOINWNI/AN E)XO/NTWN A)E/ROS TE KAI\ U(/DATOS, TAU=TA DE\ EI)=NAI KATA\ €KAPNO/N TE KAI\ O(MI/XLHN: TOU/TWN GA\R EI)S A)/LLHLA A)MEIBO/NTWN €H( TH=S O)SFRH/SEWS AI)/SQHSIS SUNTELEI=TAI. ˆŒ@6 @*TH/N GE MH\N GEU=SIN POIKILWTA/TWN XUMW=N E)PIGNW/MONA €KATESKEU/ASAN OI( QEOI/, FLEBI/A DIATEI/NANTES A)PO\ GLW/TTHS ME/XRI €KARDI/AS, DOKI/MIA E)SO/MENA KAI\ KRITH/RIA TW=N XUMW=N: TAU=TA DE\ €SUGKRINO/MENA KAI\ DIAKRINO/MENA KATA\ TA\S PROSPTW/SEIS TW=N €XUMW=N DIORI/ZEI TH\N E)N TOU/TOIS PARALLAGH/N. …@6 @*EI)SI\ DE\ XUMW=N DIAFORAI\ E(PTA/: GLUKU/S, O)CU/S, STRUFNO/S, €AU)STHRO/S, A(LMURO/S, DRIMU/S, PIKRO/S: TOU/TWN DE\ TO\N ME\N GLUKU\N €E)NANTI/AN FU/SIN E)/XEIN TOI=S A)/LLOIS A(/PASI SUMBE/BHKE, DIAXE/ONTA @1 €OI)KEI/WS TH\N PERI\ TH\N GLW=TTAN U(GRO/THTA: TOU\S DE\ LOIPOU/S, TOU\S €ME\N KUKW=NTA/S TE KAI\ SPARA/TTONTAS O)CEI=S, TOU\S DE\ E)KQERMAI/-€NONTAS KAI\ EI)S TA\ A)/NW QE/ONTAS DRIMEI=S, TOU\S DE\ TO\ R(UPTIKO\N €E)/XONTAS SFODRO\N W(/STE SUNTH/KEIN PIKROU/S, TOU\S DE\ H)RE/MA KAQAI/-€RONTA/S TE KAI\ R(U/PTONTAS A(LMUROU/S, TW=N DE\ SUNAGO/NTWN TOU\S €PO/ROUS KAI\ SUGKRINO/NTWN TOU\S ME\N TRAXUTE/ROUS STRUFNOU\S EI)=NAI, €TOU\S D' H(=TTON TOU=TO E)RGAZOME/NOUS AU)STHROU/S. ˆŠ@6 @*(APTIKH\N D' EI)=NAI DU/NAMIN KATESKEUASME/NHN U(PO\ QEW=N A)NTI-€LHPTIKH\N QERMW=N TE KAI\ YUXRW=N MALAKW=N TE KAI\ SKLHRW=N, €KOU/FWN TE KAI\ BARE/WN LEI/WN TE KAI\ TRAXE/WN, W(S KRI/NEIN KAI\ €TA\S E)N TOU/TOIS DIAFORA/S. *EI)/KONTA ME\N DH/ FAMEN TA\ PARADEXO/-€MENA TH\N A(FH/N, A)NTI/TUPA DE\ A(\ OU)K EI)/KEI: TOU=TO DE\ SUMBAI/NEI €PARA\ TA\S BA/SEIS AU)TW=N TW=N SWMA/TWN: TA\ ME\N GA\R E)/XONTA €MEI/ZONAS MO/NIMA KAI\ E(DRAI=A, TA\ DE\ E)PI\ MIKROU= BEBW=TA EU)/EIKTA €KAI\ MALAKA\ KAI\ EU)META/BOLA O)/NTA TUGXA/NEI. *TRAXU\ DE\ EI)/H A)\N TO\ €A)NW/MALON META\ SKLHRO/THTOS, LEI=ON DE\ TO\ O(MALO\N META\ PUKNOU=: €TO/ GE MH\N YUXROU= KAI\ QERMOU= PA/QOS E)NANTIW/TATA O)/NTA E)NANTI/OIS €AI)TI/OIS SUNI/STATAI. *TO\ ME\N GA\R O)CU/THTI TW=N MERW=N KAI\ TRAXU/THTI €DIATE/MNON TO\ QERMO\N PA/QOS POIEI=, TO\ DE\ YUXRO\N A(DROMERE/STERON €TH=| EI)SO/DW|, E)CWQOU/NTWN ME\N TA\ E)LA/TTONA KAI\ MIKRA/, BIAZOME/NWN €DE\ E)LQEI=N EI)S TH\N E)KEI/NWN E(/DRAN: SEISMO\S GA/R TIS KAI\ TRO/MOS €TO/TE SUNI/STATAI, KAI\ TO\ E)PI\ TOU/TW| PA/QOS E)N TOI=S SW/MASI R(I=GOS €U(PA/RXEI. @1 @*BARU\ DE\ KAI\ KOU=FON TW=| ME\N A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW OU)DAMW=S €O(RI/ZEIN PROSH/KEI: OU)DE\N GA\R EI)=NAI TO\ ME\N A)/NW TO\ DE\ KA/TW. €*TOU= GA\R PANTO\S OU)RANOU= SFAIROEIDOU=S O)/NTOS KAI\ A)PHKRIBWME/NOU €O(MALW=S KATA\ TH\N E)KTO\S E)PIFA/NEIAN, OU)K E)N DI/KH| TO\ ME\N A)/NW TO\ €DE\ KA/TW TINA\S O)NOMA/ZEIN: A)/LLA GA\R EI)=NAI BARU\ ME\N TO\ XALEPW=S €EI)S TO\N PARA\ FU/SIN TO/PON E(LKO/MENON, KOU=FON DE\ TO\ R(A|DI/WS: KAI\ €PROSE/TI BARU\ ME\N TO\ E)K PLEIO/NWN MERW=N SUGKEI/MENON, E)LAFRO\N €DE\ TO\ E)C O)LIGI/STWN. ˆˆ@6 @*)ANAPNE/OMEN DE\ TOU/TW| TW=| TRO/PW|: PERIE/STHKE ME\N €H(MI=N E)/CWQEN A)H\R POLU/S, OU(=TOS DE\ DIA\ TOU= STO/MATOS KAI\ TW=N €R(INW=N KAI\ DIA\ TW=N A)/LLWN TOU= SW/MATOS PO/RWN KAI\ TW=| LO/GW| €QEWRHTW=N EI)/SW XWREI=, QERMANQEI\S DE\ EI)S TA\ E)/CW PRO\S TO\ SUG-€GENE\S SPEU/DEI: KAI\ KAQ' O(\ A)\N ME/ROS E)CI/H|, A)NTIPERIWQEI= TO\N €E)/CWQEN A)E/RA PA/LIN EI)S TA\ E)NTO/S, OU(/TW TE A)PAU/STWS TOU/TOU TOU= €KU/KLOU SUNTELOUME/NOU H( EI)SPNOH/ TE KAI\ E)KPNOH\ SUNI/STATAI. @1 @*NO/SWN DE\ AI)TI/AS EI)=NAI POLLA/S: PRW=TON ME\N TH\N €TW=N STOIXEI/WN E)/NDEIAN KAI\ U(PERBOLH\N META/STASI/N TE EI)S A)/LLOUS €OU)K OI)KEI/OUS TO/POUS: DEU/TERON DE\ TH\N TW=N O(MOGENW=N A)NA/PALIN €GE/NESIN, OI(=ON E)K SARKO\S EI) GE/NOITO AI(=MA H)\ XOLH\ H)\ FLE/GMA: €PA/NTA GA\R TAU=TA OU)DE\N A)/LLO H)\ SU/NTHCIN EI)=NAI. *TO\ ME\N GA\R €FLE/GMA U(PA/RXEIN NE/AS SARKO\S SU/NTHCIN: I(DRW=TA DE\ KAI\ TO\ €DA/KRUON W(/SPER O)RO/N TINA FLE/GMATOS: TO\ DE\ FLE/GMA E)/CW ME\N €A)POLEIFQE\N LEU/KAS KAI\ A)LFOU\S A)POGENNA=|, EI)/SW DE\ KERASQE\N XOLH=| €MELAI/NH| TH\N KALOUME/NHN I(ERA\N NO/SON E)PA/GEI, TO\ DE\ O)CU\ KAI\ €A(LMURO\N FLE/GMA TW=N E)N R(U/SEI PAQW=N AI)/TION: PA/NTA DE\ TA\ €FLEGMAI/NONTA U(PO\ XOLH=S TOU=TO PE/PONQE: TA\ GA\R MURI/A PA/QH €KAI\ POLU/TROPA XOLH/ TE KAI\ FLE/GMA A)PERGA/ZETAI. *TO\N ME\N DH\ €SUNEXH= PURETO\N GI/NESQAI TOU= PURO\S PLEONA/SANTOS, TO\N DE\ A)MFH-€MERINO\N TOU= A)E/ROS, TRITAI=ON DE\ U(/DATOS, TETARTAI=ON DE\ GH=S. @1 @*(ECH=S DE\ PERI\ YUXH=S R(HTE/ON, E)NTEU=QE/N POQEN €A)NALABO/NTAS TO\N LO/GON, EI) KAI\ DO/COMEN PALILLOGEI=N. *YUXH\N €GA\R PARALABO/NTES A)NQRWPI/NHN A)QA/NATON OU)=SAN, W(S DEI/COMEN, €PARA\ TOU= PRW/TOU QEOU= OI( TA\ QNHTA\ GE/NH DHMIOURGOU=NTES QEOI\ €DU/O AU)TH=| PROSE/QESAN ME/RH QNHTA/: W(S DE\ MH\ TH=S FLUARI/AS TH=S €QNHTH=S A)NAPIMPLA/MENON H)=| TO\ QEI=ON AU)TH=S KAI\ A)QA/NATON, KATW/|-€KISAN E)PI\ TOU= SW/MATOS E)PI\ TH=S OI(=ON A)KROPO/LEWS, A)/RXON KAI\ €BASILEU=ON A)POFH/NANTES OI)/KHSI/N TE A)PONEI/MANTES AU)TW=| TH\N KEFA-€LH/N, SXH=MA E)/XOUSAN MIMOU/MENON TO\ TOU= PANTO/S, U(PE/QESAN DE\ TO\ €A)/LLO SW=MA PRO\S U(PHRESI/AN W(S O)/XHMA PROSFU/SANTES, KAI\ AU)TOI=S €DE\ TOI=S QNHTOI=S AU)TH=S ME/RESIN OI)/KHSIN A)/LLHN A)/LLW| A)PE/NEIMAN. ˆ‹@6 @*TO\ ME\N GA\R QUMIKO\N E)/TACAN E)N KARDI/A|, TO\ DE\ E)PIQUMHTIKO\N €E)N TW=| METACU\ TO/PW| TOU= TE PRO\S TO\N O)MFALO\N O(/ROU KAI\ TW=N €FRENW=N, KATADH/SANTES W(/SPER TI OI)STROU=N KAI\ A)/GRION QRE/MMA: €TO\N PNEU/MONA DE\ E)MHXANH/SANTO TH=S KARDI/AS XA/RIN MALAKO/N TE €KAI\ A)/NAIMON SHRAGGW/DH TE KAI\ SPO/GGW| PARAPLH/SION O(/PWS E)/XOI €TI MA/LAGMA PHDW=SA H( KARDI/A KATA\ TH\N ZE/SIN TOU= QUMOU=. *TO\ DE\ €H(=PAR PRO\S TO\ DIEGEI/REIN TO\ E)PIQUMHTIKO\N TH=S YUXH=S KAI\ PRO\S TO\ @1 €KATAPRAU/+NEIN E)/XON GLUKU/THTA/ TE KAI\ PIKRO/THTA: KAI\ MH\N PRO\S €TO\ DHLOU=N TH\N DIA\ TW=N O)NEI/RWN MANTIKH/N: E)MFAI/NESQAI GA\R E)N €AU)TW=| DIA\ TO\ LEI=ON KAI\ PUKNO\N KAI\ LAMPRO\N TH\N E)K TOU= NOU= FERO-€ME/NHN DU/NAMIN: TO\N DE\ SPLH=NA TOU= H(/PATOS XA/RIN, O(/PWS KAQAI/RH| €TE AU)TO\ KAI\ PARE/XH| LAMPRO/N: TA\S GOU=N E)PIGINOME/NAS E)/K TINWN €NO/SWN PERI\ TO\ H(=PAR DIAFQORA\S EI)S AU)TO\N DE/XESQAI. ˆ@6 @*(/OTI DE\ TRIMERH/S E)STIN H( YUXH\ KATA\ TA\S €DUNA/MEIS, KAI\ KATA\ LO/GON TA\ ME/RH AU)TH=S TO/POIS I)DI/OIS DIANENE/-þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¨˜ƒMHTAI, MA/QOIMEN A)\N E)NTEU=QEN. *PRW=TON ME\N DH\ TA\ FU/SEI XWRI-€ZO/MENA E(/TERA U(PA/RXEI: FU/SEI DE\ XWRI/ZETAI TO\ PAQHTIKO\N KAI\ €LOGISTIKO/N, EI)/ GE TO\ ME\N PERI\ TA\ NOHTA/ E)STI, TO\ DE\ PERI\ TA\ €LUPHRA\ KAI\ H(DE/A, PROSE/TI TOU= PAQHTIKOU= KAI\ PERI\ TA\ ZW=|A O)/NTOS. †@6 @*)/EPEITA/ GE MH\N E(/TERA O)/NTA TH=| FU/SEI TO/ TE PAQHTIKO\N €KAI\ TO\ LOGISTIKO\N KAI\ TO/POIS O)FEI/LEI KEXWRI/SQAI. *EU(RI/SKETAI @1 €GA\R MAXO/MENA A)LLH/LOIS, OU)/TE AU)TOU= TINO\S PRO\S AU(TO\ MA/XESQAI €DUNAME/NOU OU)/TE TW=N E)NANTIOUME/NWN PRO\S A)/LLHLA PERI\ TO\ AU)TO\ €KATA\ TO\N AU)TO\N XRO/NON DUNAME/NWN SUSTH=NAI. …@6 @*(ORA=TAI DE/ GE E)PI\ ME\N TH=S *MHDEI/AS O( QUMO\S LOGISMW=| €MAXO/MENOS: LE/GEI GOU=N TO\ €@@@*KAI\ MANQA/NW ME\N OI(=A DRA=N ME/LLW KAKA/, €@@@*QUMO\S DE\ KREI/SSWN TW=N E)MW=N BOULEUMA/TWN: €E)PI\ DE\ TOU= *LAI/OU TO\N *XRU/SIPPON A(RPA/ZONTOS E)PIQUMI/A LOGISMW=| €MAXOME/NH: LE/GEI GA\R OU(/TWS: €@@@*AI)\ AI)\ TO/D' H)/DH QEI=ON A)NQRW/POIS KAKO/N, €@@@*(/OTAN TIS EI)DH=| TA)GAQO/N, XRH=TAI DE\ MH/. ˆˆ@6 @*)/ETI DE\ TO\ E(/TERON EI)=NAI TO\ LOGISTIKO\N TOU= PAQHTIKOU= PARI/S-€TATAI KA)K TOU= E(TE/RAN ME\N E)PIME/LEIAN EI)=NAI TOU= LOGISTIKOU=, €E(TE/RAN DE\ TOU= PAQHTIKOU=: TOU= ME\N DIA\ DIDASKALI/AS, TOU= DE\ DIA\ €TH=S E)/QOUS A)SKH/SEWS. @1 @*TH\N DE\ YUXH\N A)QA/NATON A)POFAI/NEI TOU=TON €E)PIW\N TO\N TRO/PON. *(H YUXH\ O(/TW| A)\N PROSGE/NHTAI, E)PIFE/REI TOU/TW| €TO\ ZH=N W(S SU/MFUTON U(PA/RXON E(AUTH=|: TO\ DE\ E)PIFE/RON TINI\ TO\ €ZH=N A)NEPI/DEKTO/N E)STI QANA/TOU: TO\ DE\ TOIOU=TON A)QA/NATON. *EI) DE\ €A)QA/NATON H( YUXH/, KAI\ A)NW/LEQRON A)\N EI)/H: A)SW/MATOS GA/R E)STIN €OU)SI/A, A)META/BLHTOS KATA\ TH\N U(PO/STASIN KAI\ NOHTH\ KAI\ A)EIDH\S €KAI\ MONOEIDH/S: OU)KOU=N A)SU/NQETOS, A)DIA/LUTOS, A)SKE/DASTOS: TO\ €DE\ SW=MA PA=N TOU)NANTI/ON AI)SQHTO/N, O(RATO/N, SKEDASTO/N, SUNTEQO/N, €POLUEIDE/S. *KAI\ GA\R DH\ KAI\ H( YUXH\ DIA\ ME\N TOU= SW/MATOS PRO\S €TW=| AI)SQHTW=| GINOME/NH I)LIGGIA=| TE KAI\ TARA/TTETAI KAI\ OI(=ON MEQU/EI, €PRO\S DE\ TW=| NOHTW=| AU)TH\ KAQ' AU(TH\N GINOME/NH KAQI/STATAI KAI\ €H)REMEI=: PRO\S W(=| DH\ GINOME/NH TARA/TTETAI, TOU/TW| OU)K E)/OIKEN: €W(/STE MA=LLON TW=| NOHTW=| E)/OIKE, TO\ DE\ NOHTO\N A)SKE/DASTON TH=| FU/SEI €KAI\ A)NW/LEQRON. *KAI\ MH\N H(GEMONEU/EI H( YUXH\ FU/SEI: TO\ DE\ TH=| €FU/SEI H(GEMONIKO\N TW=| QEI/W| E)/OIKEN: W(/STE YUXH\ TW=| QEI/W| E)OIKUI=A €A)NW/LEQROS A)\N EI)/H KAI\ A)/FQARTOS. @1 @*TA/ TE A)/MESA E)NANTI/A KAI\ MH\ KAQ' AU(TA\ A)LLA\ KATA\ SUM-€BEBHKO\S PE/FUKEN E)C A)LLH/LWN GI/NESQAI: E)NANTI/ON DE\ TOU=TO, O(\ €KALOU=SIN OI( A)/NQRWPOI ZH=N, TW=| TEQNA/NAI: W(S OU)=N O( QA/NATOS €DIA/KRISIS YUXH=S A)PO\ SW/MATOS, OU(/TW KAI\ H( ZWH\ SU/NODOS YUXH=S, €OU)/SHS DHLONO/TI PRO/SQEN, KAI\ SW/MATOS: EI) DE\ KAI\ E)/STAI META\ €QA/NATON KAI\ H)=N PRO\ TOU= PERIPESEI=N SW/MATI, PIQANW/TATON A)I/DION €AU)TH\N EI)=NAI, OU) GA\R OI(=O/N TE/ TI TO\ FQEROU=N AU)TH\N NOH=SAI. ‡@6 @*EI)/ GE MH\N AI( MAQH/SEIS A)NAMNH/SEIS EI)SI/N, A)QA/NATOS A)\N EI)/H €YUXH/: O(/TI DE\ AI( MAQH/SEIS A)NAMNH/SEIS, TOU=TON A)\N E)PAXQEI/HMEN €TO\N TRO/PON: OU) GA\R A)\N A)/LLWS MA/QHSIS U(POSTAI/H, H)\ KATA\ A)NA/-€MNHSIN TW=N PA/LAI GNWSQE/NTWN. *EI) GA\R A)PO\ TW=N KATA\ ME/ROS €E)NENOOU=MEN TA\S KOINO/THTAS, PW=S A)\N TA\ KATA\ ME/ROS DIWDEU/SAMEN €A)/PEIRA U(PA/RXONTA, H)\ PW=S A)P' O)LI/GWN; DIEYEU/SQHMEN GA\R A)/N, €OI(=ON FE/RE KRI/NANTES TO\ A)NAPNOH=| XRW/MENON MO/NON ZW=|ON EI)=NAI: H)\ €PW=S A)\N TO\ A)RXIKO\N EI)=EN AI( E)/NNOIAI; A)NAMNHSTIKW=S OU)=N NOOU=MEN €A)PO\ MIKRW=N AI)QUGMA/TWN, A)PO/ TINWN KATA\ ME/ROS U(POPESO/NTWN €A)NAMIMNHSKO/MENOI TW=N PA/LAI E)GNWSME/NWN, W(=N LH/QHN E)LA/BOMEN €E)NSWMATWQE/NTES. @1 @*)/ETI TE H( YUXH\ OU) FQEI/RETAI U(PO\ TH=S I)DI/AS KAKI/AS, OU)DE\ €U(PO\ TH=S A)/LLOU FQEI/ROIT' A)/N, OU)D' A(PLW=S U(P' A)/LLOU, OU(/TW DE\ €E)/XOUSA A)/FQARTON A)\N EI)/H. *TO/ GE MH\N AU)TOKI/NHTON A)RXIKW=S A)EIKI/-€NHTON, TO\ DE\ TOIOU=TON A)QA/NATON: AU)TOKI/NHTON DE\ H( YUXH/, TO\ DE\ €AU)TOKI/NHTON A)RXH\ PA/SHS KINH/SEWS KAI\ GENE/SEWS, A)RXH\ DE\ A)GE/-€NHTON KAI\ A)NW/LEQRON: W(/STE H(/ TE TW=N O(/LWN YUXH\ TOIAU/TH A)\N €EI)/H KAI\ H( A)NQRWPI/NH. TOU= AU)TOU= GE KRA/MATOS A)MFO/TERAI META-€LABOU=SAI. *AU)TOKI/NHTON DE/ FHSI TH\N YUXH/N, O(/TI SU/MFUTON E)/XEI €TH\N ZWH\N A)EI\ E)NERGOU=SAN KAQ' AU(TH/N. ˆ‰@6 @*(/OTI ME\N OU)=N AI( LOGIKAI\ YUXAI\ A)QA/NATOI U(PA/RXOUSI KATA\ €TO\N A)/NDRA TOU=TON, BEBAIW/SAIT' A)/N TIS: EI) DE\ KAI\ AI( A)/LOGOI, €TOU=TO TW=N A)MFISBHTOUME/NWN U(PA/RXEI. *PIQANO\N GA\R TA\S A)LO/GOUS €YUXA/S, YILH=| TE FANTASI/A| E)LAUNOME/NAS KAI\ OU)/TE LOGISMW=| OU)/TE €KRI/SEI XRWME/NAS, OU)/TE QEWRH/MASI KAI\ TH=| TOU/TWN SUNAGWGH=| @1 €OU)/TE KAQOLIKAI=S DIALH/YESI, PANTELW=S DE\ A)NENNOH/TOUS OU)/SAS KAI\ €TH=S NOHTH=S FU/SEWS, MH/TE TH=S AU)TH=S OU)SI/AS EI)=NAI TAI=S LOGIKAI=S, €QNHTA/S TE KAI\ FQARTA\S U(PA/RXEIN. ˆˆ@6 @*TW=| DE\ A)QANA/TOUS EI)=NAI TA\S YUXA\S LO/GW| H)KOLOU/QHSE TO\ €EI)SKRI/NESQAI AU)TA\S TOI=S SW/MASI, PAREMFUOME/NAS TAI=S TW=N E)MBRU/WN €DIAPLASTIKAI=S FU/SESI, KAI\ DIAMEI/BEIN POLLA\ SW/MATA KAI\ A)NQRW/-€PINA KAI\ OU)K A)NQRW/PINA, H)\ A)RIQMOU\S MENOU/SAS H)\ BOULH/SEI QEW=N €H)\ DI' A)KOLASI/AN H)\ DIA\ FILOSWMATI/AN: E)/XEI DE/ PWS OI)KEIO/THTA €PRO\S A)/LLHLA SW=MA KAI\ YUXH/, W(S PU=R KAI\ A)/SFALTOS. †@6 @*KAI\ H( QEW=N DE\ YUXH\ KE/KTHTAI KAI\ AU)TH\ TO/ TE KRITIKO/N, €O(\ KAI\ GNWSTIKO\N A)\N KALOI=TO, KAI\ MH\N TO\ O(RMHTIKO/N TE, O(\ KAI\ €PARASTATIKO\N A)/N TIS O)NOMA/SEIE, KAI\ TO\ OI)KEIWTIKO/N: AI(/TINES €DUNA/MEIS OU)=SAI KAI\ E)N TAI=S A)NQRWPI/NAIS YUXAI=S META\ TO\ E)NSW-€MATWQH=NAI OI(=ON METABOLH\N LAMBA/NOUSIN, H( ME\N OI)KEIWTIKH\ EI)S €TO\ E)PIQUMHTIKO/N, H( DE\ O(RMHTIKH\ EI)S TO\ QUMOEIDE/S. @1 @*PERI\ DE\ EI(MARME/NHS TOIAU=TA/ TINA TW=| A)NDRI\ €A)RE/SKEI. *PA/NTA ME/N FHSIN E)N EI(MARME/NH| EI)=NAI, OU) MH\N PA/NTA €KAQEIMA/RQAI. *(H GA\R EI(MARME/NH NO/MOU TA/CIN E)PE/XOUSA OU)X OI(=ON €LE/GEI, DIO/TI O(/DE ME\N TA/DE POIH/SEI, O(/DE DE\ TA/DE PEI/SETAI: EI)S €A)/PEIRON GA\R TOU=TO, A)PEI/RWN ME\N O)/NTWN TW=N GENNWME/NWN, A)PEI/RWN €DE\ TW=N PERI\ AU)TOU\S SUMBAINO/NTWN: E)PEI\ KAI\ TO\ E)F' H(MI=N OI)XH/SETAI €KAI\ E)/PAINOI KAI\ YO/GOI KAI\ PA=N TO\ TOU/TOIS PARAPLH/SION: A)LLA\ €DIO/TI H(/TIS A)\N E(/LHTAI YUXH\ TOIOU=TON BI/ON KAI\ TA/DE TINA\ PRA/CH|, €TA/DE TINA\ AU)TH=| E(/YETAI. @1 @*)ADE/SPOTON OU)=N H( YUXH\ KAI\ E)P' AU)TH=| ME\N TO\ PRA=CAI H)\ MH/, €KAI\ OU) KATHNA/GKASTAI TOU=TO, TO\ DE\ E(PO/MENON TH=| PRA/CEI KAQ' €EI(MARME/NHN SUNTELESQH/SETAI: OI(=ON TW=|: *PA/RIS A(RPA/SEI TH\N €*(ELE/NHN, E)P' AU)TW=| O)/NTI, A)KOLOUQH/SEI TO/: POLEMH/SOUSI PERI\ TH=S €*(ELE/NHS OI( *(/ELLHNES. *OU(/TW GA\R KAI\ O( *)APO/LLWN TW=| *LAI/+W| €PROEI=PEN: €@@@*EI) GA\R TEKNW/SEIS PAI=D', A)POKTENEI= S' O( FU/S: €E)N TW=| QESMW=| DH\ PERIE/XETAI ME\N KAI\ O( *LA/I+OS KAI\ TO\ FU=SAI AU)TO\N €PAI=DA, KAQEI/MARTAI DE\ TO\ E(PO/MENON. ˆ‰@6 @*(H DE\ TOU= DUNATOU= FU/SIS PE/PTWKE ME/N PWS METACU\ TOU= TE €A)LHQOU=S KAI\ TOU= YEU/DOUS, A)ORI/STW| DE\ O)/NTI AU)TW=| TH=| FU/SEI W(/SPER €E)POXEI=TAI TO\ E)F' H(MI=N: O(\ D' A)\N E(LOME/NWN H(MW=N GE/NHTAI, TOU=TO €E)/STAI H)\ A)LHQE\S H)\ YEU=DOS: TO\ DE\ DUNA/MEI TOU= KAQ' E(/CIN KAI\ KAT' €E)NE/RGEIAN LEGOME/NOU DIH/NEGKE. *TO\ ME\N GA\R DUNA/MEI E)PITHDEIO/-€THTA/ TINA A)POSHMAI/NEI PRO/S TINA OU)/PW TH\N E(/CIN E)/XONTA: W(S O( €PAI=S DUNA/MEI R(HQH/SETAI KAI\ GRAMMATIKO\S KAI\ AU)LHTH\S KAI\ €TE/KTWN, E)/STAI DE\ TO\ THNIKA/DE E)N E(/CEI E(NO/S TINOS H)\ DUOI=N TOU/TWN, €O(PO/TAN MA/QH| KAI\ KTH/SHTAI/ TINA TW=N E(/CEWN: KAT' E)NE/RGEIAN DE\ €O(PO/TAN E)NERGH=| A)PO\ TH=S E(/CEWS E)KEI/NHS, H(\N KE/KTHTAI: TO\ DE\ €DUNATO\N OU)DE\N TOU/TWN, A)ORISTAI=NON DE\ TW=| E)F' H(MI=N KATA\ TH\N E)F' €O(PO/TERON R(OPH\N LAMBA/NEI TO\ A)LHQEU/EIN H)\ MH/. @1 @*(ECH=S D' E)PI\ KEFALAI/WN PERI\ TW=N H)QIKW=S TW=| €A)NDRI\ EI)RHME/NWN R(HTE/ON. *TO\ ME\N DH\ TIMIW/TATON KAI\ ME/GISTON €A)GAQO\N OU)/TE EU(REI=N W)/|ETO EI)=NAI R(A/|DION OU)/TE EU(RO/NTAS A)SFALE\S €EI)S PA/NTAS E)KFE/REIN: PA/NU GOU=N O)LI/GOIS TW=N GNWRI/MWN KAI\ TOI=S €GE PROSKRIQEI=SI TH=S PERI\ TOU= A)GAQOU= A)KROA/SEWS METE/DWKE: TO\ €ME/NTOI H(ME/TERON A)GAQO/N, EI)/ TIS A)KRIBW=S AU)TOU= TA\ SUGGRA/MMATA þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¨›‡A)NALA/BOI, E)TI/QETO E)N TH=| E)PISTH/MH| KAI\ QEWRI/A| TOU= PRW/TOU A)GA-€QOU=, O(/PER QEO/N TE KAI\ NOU=N TO\N PRW=TON PROSAGOREU/SAI A)/N TIS. ˆˆ@6 @*PA/NTA GA\R TA\ O(PWSOU=N PAR' A)NQRW/POIS A)GAQA\ NOMIZO/MENA €TAU/THS U(PELA/MBANE TUGXA/NEIN TH=S PROSRH/SEWS TW=| O(PWSOU=N €METE/XEIN E)KEI/NOU TOU= PRW/TOU KAI\ TIMIWTA/TOU, O(/NPER TRO/PON KAI\ €TA\ GLUKE/A KAI\ TA\ QERMA\ KATA\ METOUSI/AN TW=N PRW/TWN TH\N €E)PWNUMI/AN E)/XEIN: MO/NA DE\ TW=N E)N H(MI=N E)FIKNEI=SQAI AU)TOU= TH=S €O(MOIO/THTOS NOU=N KAI\ LO/GON, DIO\ KAI\ TO\ H(ME/TERON A)GAQO\N KALO\N €EI)=NAI KAI\ SEMNO\N KAI\ QEI=ON KAI\ E)RA/SMION KAI\ SU/MMETRON KAI\ €DAIMONI/WS PROSKALOU/MENON. *TW=N DE\ LEGOME/NWN U(PO\ TW=N POLLW=N €A)GAQW=N, OI(=ON U(GIEI/AS KA)/LLOUS TE KAI\ I)SXU/OS KAI\ PLOU/TOU KAI\ €TW=N PARAPLHSI/WN MHDE\N EI)=NAI KAQA/PAC A)GAQO/N, EI) MH\ TU/XOI TH=S €A)PO\ TH=S A)RETH=S XRH/SEWS: XWRISQE/NTA GA\R TAU/THS U(/LHS @1 €MO/NON E)PE/XEIN TA/CIN, PRO\S KAKOU= GINO/MENA TOI=S FAU/LWS AU)TOI=S €XRWME/NOIS: E)/SQ' O(/TE DE\ AU)TA\ KAI\ QNHTA\ W)NO/MAZEN A)GAQA/. ˆ@6 @*TH\N DE\ EU)DAIMONI/AN OU)K E)N TOI=S A)NQRWPI/NOIS H(GEI=TO EI)=NAI €TOI=S A)GAQOI=S A)LL' E)N TOI=S QEI/OIS TE KAI\ MAKARI/OIS: O(/QEN DH\ KAI\ €MEGA/LWN TE KAI\ QAUMASI/WN TA\S TW=| O)/NTI FILOSO/FOUS YUXA\S €E)/FASKEN A)NAME/STOUS KAI\ META\ TH\N TOU= SW/MATOS DIA/LUSIN SUNES-€TI/OUS QEOI=S GINOME/NAS KAI\ SUMPERIPOLOU/SAS KAI\ TO\ TH=S A)LHQEI/AS €PEDI/ON QEWME/NAS, E)PEI/PER KAI\ E)N TW=| ZH=N E)FI/ENTO TH=S E)PISTH/MHS €AU)TOU= KAI\ TH\N E)PITH/DEUSIN AU)TOU= PROETI/MWN, A)F' H(=S W(/SPER TI €O)/MMA YUXH=S E)KKAQHRAME/NOUS KAI\ A)NAZWPURH/SANTAS A)POLLU/MENO/N €TE KAI\ A)POTUFLOU/MENON KREI=TTON O)\N SW/ZESQAI MURI/WN O)MMA/TWN, €DUNATOU\S GI/NESQAI E)PORE/CASQAI TH=S TOU= LOGIKOU= PANTO\S FU/SEWS. @1 @*(WMOIW=SQAI GA\R TOU\S A)/FRONAS TOI=S U(PO\ GH=N A)NQRW/POIS €KATW|KISME/NOIS KAI\ FW=S ME\N MHDE/POTE LAMPRO\N E(WRAKO/SIN, €A)MUDRA\S DE/ TINAS SKIA\S O(RW=SI TW=N PAR' H(MI=N SWMA/TWN, OI)OME/NOIS €DE\ SAFW=S A)NTILAMBA/NESQAI TW=N O)/NTWN. *(WS GA\R TOU/TOUS, TUXO/NTAS €TH=S E)K TOU= ZO/FOU A)NO/DOU KAI\ EI)S TO\ KAQARO\N FW=S PROELQO/NTAS, €EU)LO/GWS KATAGNW/SESQAI TW=N TO/TE FANE/NTWN KAI\ POLU\ PRO/SQEN €AU)TW=N W(S E)CHPATHME/NWN: OU(/TW DH\ KAI\ TOU\S A)PO\ TOU= BIWTIKOU= €ZO/FOU METABAI/NONTAS E)PI\ TA\ KAT' A)LH/QEIAN QEI=A KAI\ KALA\ TW=N €ME\N PA/LAI QAUMASQE/NTWN AU)TOI=S KATAFRONH=SAI, TH=S DE\ TOU/TWN €QEWRI/AS SFODROTE/RAN E(/CEIN O)/RECIN: OI(=S SUNW|DO/N E)STI TO\ LE/GEIN, €AU)TO\ MO/NON EI)=NAI TO\ KALO\N A)GAQO/N, KAI\ TH\N A)RETH\N AU)TA/RKH PRO\S €EU)DAIMONI/AN, KAI\ DIO/TI ME\N TO\ A)GAQO\N E)N E)PISTH/MH| TOU= PRW/TOU €KAI\ KALO/N E)STI, DI' O(/LWN SUNTA/CEWN DEDH/LWTAI, TA\ DE\ KATA\ €METOXH\N E)N TW=| PRW/TW| TW=N *NO/MWN OU(/TW PWS: *DITTA\ DE\ A)GAQA/ €E)STI, TA\ ME\N A)NQRW/PINA, TA\ DE\ QEI=A, KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S TOU/TOIS. *EI) DE/ €TI KEXWRISME/NON KAI\ TOU= PRW/TOU TH=S OU)SI/AS A)ME/TOXON U(PA/RXEI, €KAI\ TOU=TO U(PO\ TW=N A)NOH/TWN A)GAQO\N W)NO/MASTAI, TOU=TO DE/ FHSI €MEI=ZON EI)=NAI TW=| E)/XONTI KAKO\N E)N *EU)QUDH/MW|. @1 @*(/OTI DE\ KAI\ TA\S A)RETA\S H(GEI=TO EI)=NAI DI' AU(TA\S AI(RETA/S, €W(S A)KO/LOUQO/N GE LHPTE/ON TW=| MO/NON AU)TO\N H(GEI=SQAI TO\ KALO\N €A)GAQO/N: KAI\ DH\ E)N PLEI/STOIS TOU=TO AU)TW=| E)PIDE/DEIKTAI KAI\ MA/LISTA €E)N O(/LH| TH=| *POLITEI/A|. *TO\N ME\N GA\R E)PISTH/MHN E)/XONTA TH\N €PROEIRHME/NHN EU)TUXE/STATON EI)=NAI KAI\ EU)DAIMONE/STATON, OU)X E(/NEKA €TW=N TIMW=N, W(=N TOIOU=TOS W)\N LH/YETAI, OU)DE\ MISQW=N E(/NEKA, A)LLA\ €KA)\N PA/NTAS LANQA/NH| A)NQRW/POUS KA)\N TA\ LEGO/MENA KAKA\ EI)=NAI OI(=ON €A)TIMI/AI KAI\ FUGAI\ KAI\ QA/NATOI SUMBAI/NWSI: TO\N DE\ XWRI\S TAU/THS €TH=S E)PISTH/MHS TA\ NOMIZO/MENA A)GAQA\ PA/NTA KEKTHME/NON, OI(=ON €PLOU=TON KAI\ BASILEI/AN MEGA/LHN KAI\ SW/MATOS U(GEI/AN KAI\ EU)RWS-€TI/AN KAI\ KA/LLOS, MHDE/N TI MA=LLON EI)=NAI EU)DAI/MONA. ˆ‹@6 @*OI(=S PA=SIN A)KO/LOUQON TE/LOS E)CE/QETO O(MOI/WSIN €QEW=| KATA\ TO\ DUNATO/N: POIKI/LWS DE\ TOU=TO XEIRI/ZEI. *POTE\ ME\N €GA\R O(MOI/WSIN QEW=| LE/GEI TO\ FRO/NIMON KAI\ DI/KAION KAI\ O(/SION EI)=NAI, €W(S E)N *QEAITH/TW|: DIO\ KAI\ PEIRA=SQAI XRH=NAI E)NQE/NDE E)KEI=SE €FEU/GEIN O(/TI TA/XISTA: FUGH\ DE\ O(MOI/WSIS QEW=| KATA\ TO\ DUNATO/N: @1 €O(MOI/WSIS DE\ DI/KAION KAI\ O(/SION META\ FRONH/SEWS GENE/SQAI: POTE\ €DE\ TO\ MO/NON DI/KAION EI)=NAI, W(S E)N TW=| TELEUTAI/W| TH=S *POLITEI/AS: €OU) GA\R DH\ U(PO\ QEW=N POTE\ A)MELEI=TAI, O(\S A)\N PROQUMEI=SQAI QE/LH| €DI/KAIOS GENE/SQAI KAI\ E)PITHDEU/WN A)RETH\N EI)S O(/SON DUNATO\N A)NQRW/PW| €O(MOIOU=SQAI QEW=|. ˆŠ@6 @*)EN DE\ TW=| *FAI/DWNI O(MOI/WSIN QEW=| LE/GEI TO\ SW/FRONA A(/MA €KAI\ DI/KAION GENE/SQAI, OU(/TW PWS: OU)KOU=N EU)DAIMONE/STATOI, E)/FH, €KAI\ MAKA/RIOI/ EI)SI KAI\ EI)S BE/LTISTON TO/PON I)O/NTES OI( TH\N DHMO-€TIKH/N TE KAI\ POLITIKH\N A)RETH\N E)PITETHDEUKO/TES, H(\N DH\ KALOU=SI €SWFROSU/NHN TE KAI\ DIKAIOSU/NHN. …@6 @*POTE\ ME\N DH\ TO\ TE/LOS O(MOIWQH=NAI QEW=| LE/GEI, POTE\ €D' E(/PESQAI, W(S O(PO/TAN EI)/PH|: O( ME\N DH\ QEO/S, W(/SPER O( PALAIO\S €LO/GOS, A)RXH/N TE KAI\ TELEUTH\N KAI\ TA\ TOU/TOIS E(CH=S: POTE\ DE\ €A)MFO/TERA, W(S O(PO/TAN FH=|: TH\N DE\ QEW=| E(POME/NHN TE KAI\ EI)KAS-€ME/NHN YUXH\N KAI\ TA\ TOU/TOIS E(CH=S. *KAI\ GA/R TOI TH=S W)FELEI/AS €A)RXH\ TO\ A)GAQO/N, TOU=TO DE\ E)K QEOU= EI)/RHTAI: A)KO/LOUQON OU)=N TH=| €A)RXH=| TO\ TE/LOS EI)/H A)\N TO\ E)COMOIWQH=NAI QEW=|, QEW=| DHLONO/TI TW=| @1 €E)POURANI/W|, MH\ TW=| MA\ *DI/A U(PEROURANI/W|, O(\S OU)K A)RETH\N E)/XEI, €A)MEI/NWN D' E)STI\ TAU/THS: O(/QEN O)RQW=S A)/N TIS FAI/H, TH\N ME\N €KAKODAIMONI/AN TOU= DAI/MONOS EI)=NAI KA/KWSIN, TH\N DE\ EU)DAIMONI/AN €TOU= DAI/MONOS EU)ECI/AN. ˆ‹@6 @*)EFIKOI/MEQA D' A)\N TOU= GENE/SQAI O(/MOIOI QEW=| FU/SEI TE XRH-€SA/MENOI TH=| PROSHKOU/SH|, E)/QESI/ TE KAI\ A)GWGH=| KAI\ A)SKH/SEI TH=| €KATA\ NO/MON, KAI\ TO\ KURIW/TATON LO/GW| KAI\ DIDASKALI/A| KAI\ QEWRH-€MA/TWN PARADO/SEI W(/STE E)CI/STASQAI ME\N TA\ POLLA\ TW=N A)NQRWPI/NWN €PRAGMA/TWN, A)EI\ DE\ EI)=NAI PRO\S TOI=S NOHTOI=S: PROTE/LEIA DE\ KAI\ €PROKAQA/RSIA TOU= E)N H(MI=N DAI/MONOS, EI) ME/LLEI TA\ MEI/ZONA MUEI=SQAI €MAQH/MATA, EI)/H A)\N TA\ DIA\ MOUSIKH=S: KAI\ A)RIQMHTIKH=S TE KAI\ €A)STRONOMI/AS: KAI\ GEWMETRI/AS, SUNEPIMELOUME/NWN H(MW=N KAI\ TOU= €SWMA/TOS: DIA\ GUMNASTIKH=S, H(/TIS KAI\ PRO\S PO/LEMON KAI\ PRO\S €EI)RH/NHN EU)/QETA TA\ SW/MATA PARASKEUA/SEI. @1 @*QEI/OU DE\ XRH/MATOS TH=S A)RETH=S U(PARXOU/SHS, €AU)TH\ ME/N E)STI DIA/QESIS YUXH=S TELEI/A KAI\ BELTI/STH, EU)SXH/MONA €KAI\ SU/MFWNON KAI\ BE/BAION PARE/XOUSA TO\N A)/NQRWPON E)N TW=| LE/GEIN €KAI\ PRA/TTEIN KAQ' E(AUTO\N KAI\ PRO\S A)/LLOUS: TA\ DE\ E)N EI)/DEI €AU)TH=S: LOGIKAI\ DH\ KAI\ AI( PERI\ TO\ A)/LOGON YUXH=S ME/ROS SUNIS-€TA/MENAI, OI(=ON A)NDRI/A KAI\ SWFROSU/NH, PERI\ ME\N TO\ QUMIKO\N TH=S €A)NDRI/AS SUNISTAME/NHS, PERI\ DE\ TO\ E)PIQUMHTIKO\N TH=S SWFROSU/NHS. €*(ETE/ROU GA\R O)/NTOS TOU= TE LOGISTIKOU= KAI\ QUMIKOU= KAI\ E)PIQUMH-€TIKOU=, DIA/FOROS EI)/H A)\N KAI\ H( E(KA/STOU TELEIO/THS: TOU= ME\N DH\ €LOGISTIKOU= ME/ROUS TELEIO/THS E)STI\N H( FRO/NHSIS, TOU= DE\ QUMIKOU= €H( A)NDRI/A, TOU= DE\ E)PIQUMHTIKOU= H( SWFROSU/NH. ˆ‹@6 @*(H ME\N DH\ FRO/NHSI/S E)STIN E)PISTH/MH A)GAQW=N KAI\ KAKW=N €KAI\ OU)DETE/RWN, H( DE\ SWFROSU/NH TA/CIS PERI\ TA\S E)PIQUMI/AS KAI\ €TA\S O)RE/CEIS KAI\ TH\N EU)PEI/QEIAN AU)TW=N PRO\S TO\ H(GEMONIKO/N, TOU=TO €DE\ EI)/H A)\N TO\ LOGISTIKO/N: O(/TAN DE\ FW=MEN TA/CIN TINA\ EI)=NAI KAI\ €EU)PEI/QEIAN TH\N SWFROSU/NHN, TOIOU=TO/N TI PARI/STAMEN, O(/TI DU/NAMI/S €TI/S E)STI, KAQ' H(\N TETAGME/NWS KAI\ EU)PEIQW=S E)/XOUSIN AI( O)RE/CEIS €PRO\S TO\ FU/SEI DESPOTIKO/N, TOUTE/STI TO\ LOGISTIKO/N. @1 @*(H DE\ A)NDRI/A E)STI DO/GMATOS E)NNO/MOU SWTHRI/A [2PERI\ TOU=]2 €DEINOU= TE KAI\ MH\ DEINOU=, TOUTE/STI DIASWSTIKH\ DU/NAMIS DO/GMATOS €E)NNO/MOU. *(H DE\ DIKAIOSU/NH E)STI\ SUMFWNI/A TIS TOU/TWN PRO\S €A)/LLHLA, DU/NAMIS OU)=SA, KAQ' H(\N O(MOLOGEI= KAI\ SUMFWNEI= PRO\S €A)/LLHLA TA\ TRI/A ME/RH TH=S YUXH=S KAI\ E(/KASTON PRO\S TW=| OI)KEI/W| €GI/NETAI KAI\ E)PIBA/LLONTI KAT' A)CI/AN, W(S A)\N PANTE/LEIA/ TIS OU)=SA €TW=N TRIW=N A)RETW=N, FRONH/SEWS, A)NDRI/AS, SWFROSU/NHS: A)/RXONTOS þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¨“ˆˆME\N TOU= LOGISMOU=, TW=N DE\ LOIPW=N MERW=N TH=S YUXH=S KAT' OI)KEI/AN €I)DIO/THTA KATESTALME/NWN U(PO\ TOU= LOGISMOU= KAI\ PEIQHNI/WN AU)TW=| €GEGENHME/NWN, O(/QEN KAI\ A)NTAKOLOUQEI=N H(GHTE/ON TA\S A)RETA/S. ˆŠ@6 @*(H GA\R A)NDRI/A DO/GMATOS E)NNO/MOU DIASWSTIKH\ U(PA/RXOUSA €LO/GOU O)RQOU= DIASWSTIKH/ E)STI, TO\ GA\R E)/NNOMON DO/GMA O)RQO/S TI/S €E)STI LO/GOS: O( DE\ O)RQO\S LO/GOS A)PO\ FRONH/SEWS GI/NETAI. *KAI\ MH\N €KAI\ H( FRO/NHSIS META\ A)NDRI/AS U(FI/STATAI: E)PISTH/MH GA/R E)STIN €A)GAQW=N: OU)DEI\S DE\ DU/NATAI TO\ A)GAQO\N O(RA=N U(PO\ DEILI/AS E)PISKO-€TOU/MENOS KAI\ TW=N SUNAKOLOUQOU/NTWN TH=| DEILI/A| PAQW=N, PARA-€PLHSI/WS OU)DE\ META\ A)KOLASI/AS FRO/NIMO/S TIS DU/NATAI EI)=NAI, KAI\ €KAQO/LOU E)A/N TIS DIA\ TOU= H(TTA=SQAI U(PO\ PA/QOUS POIH=| TI PARA\ TO\N €O(RQO\N LO/GON, U(PO\ A)MAQI/AS KAI\ A)FROSU/NHS TOU=TO PA/SXEIN FHSI\N @1 €AU)TO\N O( *PLA/TWN: W(/STE OU)K A)\N DU/NAITO/ TIS FRO/NHSIN E)/XEIN €A)KO/LASTOS W)\N KAI\ DEILO/S. *)AXW/RISTOI OU)=N EI)SI\N AI( A)RETAI\ €A)LLH/LWN AI( TE/LEIAI. ˆŒ@6 @*LE/GONTAI GA\R KAI\ A)/LLWS A)RETAI/, AI( OI(=ON €EU)FUI/AI KAI\ PROKOPAI\ PRO\S TAU/THN, O(MWNUMOU=SAI TAI=S TELEIO/THSI €KATA\ TH\N O(MOIO/THTA TH\N PRO\S AU)TA/S. *OU(/TW GOU=N KAI\ STRATIW/TAS €A)NDREI/OUS TINA\S KALOU=MEN, KAI/ FAMEN E)NI/OTE A)NDREI/OUS TINA\S €O)/NTAS A)/FRONAS U(PA/RXEIN, PERI\ TW=N OU) TELEI/WN A)RETW=N POIOU/MENOI €TO\N LO/GON. *AI( DH\ TE/LEIAI A)RETAI\ DH=LON O(/TI OU)/TE E)PITEI/NONTAI €OU)/TE A)NI/ENTAI, AI( ME/NTOI GE KAKI/AI KAI\ E)PI/TASIN DE/XONTAI KAI\ €A)/NESIN: A)/LLOS GA\R A)/LLOU A)FRONE/STEROS KAI\ A)DIKW/TEROS: A)LL' €OU)DE\ SUNE/PONTAI AI( KAKI/AI A)LLH/LAIS: EI)SI\ GA/R TINES E)NANTI/AI, €AI(\ OU)K A)\N EI)=EN PERI\ TO\N AU)TO/N. *OU(/TW GA\R E)/XEI QRASU/THS PRO\S €DEILI/AN, KAI\ A)SWTI/A PRO\S FILARGURI/AN, KAI\ A)/LLWS A)DUNA/TOU €O)/NTOS TOU= U(FESTA/NAI TINA\ A)/NQRWPON PA/SH| KAKI/A| SUNEXO/MENON: €OU)DE\ GA\R SW=MA OI(=O/N TE EI)=NAI E)/XON PA/SAS TA\S TOU= SW/MATOS KAKI/AS €E)N E(AUTW=|. @1 @*PARADEKTE/ON DE\ KAI\ METACU/ TINA DIA/QESIN MHTE\ FAU/LHN €MHTE\ SPOUDAI/AN: OU)DE\ GA\R PA/NTAS A)NQRW/POUS H)\ SPOUDAI/OUS €EI)=NAI H)\ FAU/LOUS. *TOU\S GA\R E)F' I(KANO\N PROKO/PTONTAS TOIOU/TOUS €EI)=NAI: OU) GA\R R(A/|DION EU)QE/WS A)PO\ KAKI/AS E)P' A)RETH\N METABH=NAI: €POLLH\N GA\R EI)=NAI TH\N DIA/STASIN PRO\S A)/LLHLA TW=N A)/KRWN KAI\ €E)NANTI/WSIN. †@6 @*(HGHTE/ON DE\ KAI\ TW=N A)RETW=N TA\S ME\N EI)=NAI PROHGOUME/NAS, €TA\S DE\ E(POME/NAS: H(GOUME/NAS ME\N TA\S E)N TW=| LOGISTIKW=|, A)F' W(=N €KAI\ AI( LOIPAI\ TO\ TE/LEION LAMBA/NOUSIN, E(POME/NAS DE\ TA\S E)N TW=| €PAQHTIKW=|. *AU(=TAI GA\R PRA/TTOUSI TA\ KALA\ KATA\ LO/GON, OU) TO\N E)N €AU(TAI=S: OU) GA\R E)/XOUSIN: A)LLA\ KATA\ TO\N U(PO\ TH=S FRONH/SEWS €E)NDIDO/MENON AU)TAI=S, E)C E)/QOUS E)GGINO/MENON KAI\ A)SKH/SEWS: KAI\ E)PEI\ €OU)/TE E)PISTH/MH OU)/TE TE/XNH E)N A)/LLW| ME/REI TH=S YUXH=S SUNI/STATAI €H)\ E)N MO/NW| TW=| LOGISTIKW=|, AI( ME\N PERI\ TO\ PAQHTIKO\N A)RETAI\ OU)X €U(PA/RXOUSI DIDAKTAI/, O(/TI MH/TE TE/XNAI MH/TE E)PISTH=MAI EI)SI/N: OU)DE\ €GA\R I)/DION QEW/RHMA E)/XOUSIN: H( ME/NTOI FRO/NHSIS, E)PISTH/MH U(PA/R-€XOUSA, TA\ OI)KEI=A E(KA/STH| E)NDI/DWSIN, W(S KAI\ O( KUBERNH/THS TOI=S €NAU/TAIS TINA\ U(PAGOREU/EI U(P' AU)TW=N MH\ O(RW/MENA, OI( DE\ PEI/QONTAI €AU)TW=|: O( DE\ AU)TO\S LO/GOS KAI\ E)PI\ STRATIW/TOU KAI\ E)PI\ STRATHGOU=. @1 @*)EPITEINOME/NWN DE\ KAI\ A)NIEME/NWN TW=N KAKIW=N, OU)DE\ TA\ €A(MARTH/MATA I)/SA A)\N EI)/H. A)LLA\ TA\ ME\N MEI/ZW, TA\ DE\ E)LA/TTW, OI(=S €A)KOLOU/QWS KAI\ PARA\ TW=N NOMOQETW=N TA\ ME\N MA=LLON KOLA/ZONTAI, €TA\ DE\ H(=TTON. *KAI/TOI GE A)KRO/THTES AI( A)RETAI\ U(PA/RXOUSAI DIA\ TO\ €TE/LEIAI EI)=NAI KAI\ E)OIKE/NAI TW=| EU)QEI=, KAT' A)/LLON TRO/PON MESO/THTES €A)\N EI)=EN, TW=| O(RA=SQAI PERI\ PA/SAS H)\ TA/S GE PLEI/STAS KAQ' E(KA/STHN €E(KATE/RWQEN DU/O KAKI/AS, TH\N ME\N KAQ' U(PERBOLH/N, TH\N DE\ KAT' €E)/NDEIAN, W(S E)PI\ TH=S E)LEUQERIO/THTOS O(RA=TAI E)PI\ QA/TERA ME\N €MIKROLOGI/A, E)PI\ QA/TERA DE\ A)SWTI/A. ˆ‰@6 @*GI/NETAI GA\R E)N TOI=S PA/QESIN A)METRI/A KATA\ TO\ U(PERBA/LLEIN €TO\ PROSH=KON H)\ E)LLEI/PEIN: OU)/TE GA\R O( MHDE\ GONE/WN U(BRIZOME/NWN €O)RGIZOME/NOS EU)PAQH\S A)/N TIS EI)/H, OU)/TE O( E)PI\ PA=SI KAI\ TOI=S €TUXOU=SI METRIOPAQH/S, A)LLA\ PA=N TOU)NANTI/ON: PA/LIN DE\ O(MOI/WS €GONE/WN TELEUTHSA/NTWN O( ME\N MH\ LUPOU/MENOS A)PAQH/S, O( D' W(/STE €KAI\ KATAFQI/NEIN U(PO\ TH=S LU/PHS, U(PERPAQH/S TE KAI\ A)METROPAQH/S, €O( DE\ LUPOU/MENOS ME/N, METRI/WS DE\ TOU=TO PA/SXWN, METRIOPAQH/S. @1 @*KAI\ MH\N O( PA/NTA FOBOU/MENOS, KAI\ PE/RA TOU= METRI/OU, €DEILO/S, O( DE\ MHDE\N FOBOU/MENOS QRASU/S, A)NDREI=OS DE\ O( METRI/WS €E)/XWN PERI/ TE QA/RRH KAI\ FO/BOUS: KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)/LLWN O( AU)TO\S €LO/GOS. *)EPEI\ OU)=N TO\ ME\N ME/TRION E)N TOI=S PA/QESI TO\ BE/LTISTO/N €E)STIN, OU)K A)/LLO DE/ E)STI TO\ ME/TRION H)\ TO\ ME/SON U(PERBOLH=S KAI\ €E)LLEI/YEWS, DIA\ TOU=TO DIA\ MESO/THTOS AI( TOIAU=TAI A)RETAI/, DIO/TI €ME/SWS E)/XONTAS H(MA=S E)N TOI=S PA/QESI PARE/XONTAI. ‡@6 @*)EPEI\ DE\ KAI/, EI)/ TI A)/LLO E)F' H(MI=N E)STI KAI\ €A)DE/SPOTON, KAI\ H( A)RETH\ TOIOU=TON U(PA/RXEI: OU)DE\ GA\R A)\N E)PAINETO\N €H)=N TO\ KALO/N, EI) E)K FU/SEWS H)/ TINOS QEI/AS MOI/RAS PAREGI/NETO: €KAI\ E(KOU/SION A)\N EI)/H H( A)RETH/, KAQ' O(RMH/N TINA SUNISTAME/NH €DIA/PURON KAI\ GENNAI/AN KAI\ E)/MMONON: TW=| DH\ TH\N A)RETH\N E(KOU/SION €EI)=NAI E(/PETAI TO\ TH\N KAKI/AN A)KOU/SION U(PA/RXEIN. *TI/S GA\R A)\N E(KW\N €E)N TW=| KALLI/STW| E(AUTOU= ME/REI KAI\ TIMIWTA/TW| E(/LOITO E)/XEIN TO\ €ME/GISTON TW=N KAKW=N; EI) DE/ TIS E)PI\ KAKI/AN O(RMA=|, PRW=TON ME\N €OU)X W(S E)PI\ KAKI/AN AU)TH\N O(RMH/SEI, A)LL' W(S E)P' A)GAQO/N: EI) DE\ €KAI\ PARAGI/NETAI/ TIS E)PI\ KAKI/AN, PA/NTWS O( TOIOU=TOS E)CHPA/THTAI, €W(S DI' E)LA/TTONO/S TINOS KAKOU= A)POIKONOMHSO/MENOS MEI=ZON A)GAQO/N, @1 €KAI\ TAU/TH| A)KOUSI/WS E)LEU/SETAI: A)DU/NATON GA\R O(RMA=N TINA\ E)PI\ €KAKA\ BOULO/MENON E)/XEIN AU)TA/, OU)/TE E)LPI/DI A)GAQOU= OU)/TE FO/BW| €MEI/ZONOS KAKOU=. ˆŽ@6 @*KAI\ O(/SA DH\ A)DIKEI= O( FAU=LOS, A)KOU/SIA U(PA/RXEI: TH=S GA\R €A)DIKI/AS A)KOUSI/OU OU)/SHS POLU\ MA=LLON TO\ A)DIKEI=N A)KOU/SION A)\N €EI)/H, O(/SW| KAI\ MEI=ZON KAKO\N A)\N TUGXA/NOI TO\ E)NERGEI=N AU)TO\N KATA\ €A)DIKI/AN TOU= E)/XEIN AU)TH\N H)REMOU=SAN. *KAI/TOI DE\ A)KOUSI/WN O)/NTWN €TW=N A)DIKHMA/TWN. KOLASTE/ON TOU\S A)DIKOU=NTAS KAI\ DIAFO/RWS: AI(/ €TE GA\R BLA/BAI DIA/FOROI. KAI\ TO\ A)KOU/SION E)N A)GNOI/A| TINI\ H)\ PA/QEI €KEI=TAI. A(/PANTA DE\ TA\ TOIAU=TA E)/CESTIN A)POTRI/YASQAI KAI\ LO/GW| KAI\ €H)/QESIN A)STEI/OIS KAI\ MELE/TH|. ˆˆ@6 @*TOSOU=TON DE\ KAKO\N A)DIKI/A, W(/STE FEUKTO/TERON EI)=NAI TO\ €A)DIKEI=N TOU= A)DIKEI=SQAI: TO\ ME\N GA\R PONHROU= E)/RGON, TO\ DE\ €A)DIKEI=SQAI PA/QOS A)SQENOU=S. *AI)SXRO\N ME\N DH\ E(KA/TERON, TO\ DE\ €A)DIKEI=N TOSOU/TW| KA/KION, O(/SW|PER KAI\ AI)/SXION: LUSITELEI= DE\ TW=| €A)DIKOU=NTI U(POSXEI=N DI/KHN, W(S KAI\ TW=| NENOSHKO/TI U(POSXEI=N I)ATRW=| €TO\ SW=MA EI)S QERAPEI/AN: PA=SA GA\R KO/LASIS I)ATREI/A TI/S E)STIN €H(MARTHKUI/AS YUXH=S. @1 @*)EPEI\ DE\ AI( PLEI=STAI A)RETAI\ PERI\ PA/QH GI/NON-€TAI, DIORISTE/ON KAI\ PERI\ TOU= PA/QOUS, O(POIO/N TI U(PA/RXEI. *)/ESTI €TOI/NUN PA/QOS KI/NHSIS A)/LOGOS YUXH=S W(S E)PI\ KAKW=| H)\ W(S E)P' A)GAQW=|. €*)/ALOGOS ME\N OU)=N EI)/RETAI KI/NHSIS, O(/TI OU) KRI/SEIS TA\ PA/QH OU)DE\ €DO/CAI, A)LLA\ TW=N A)LO/GWN TH=S YUXH=S MERW=N KINH/SEIS: E)N GA\R TW=| €PAQHTIKW=| TH=S YUXH=S SUNI/STATAI, KAI\ TA\ H(ME/TERA E)/RGA OU)D' E)F' €H(MI=N. *)/AKOUSI GOU=N E)N H(MI=N E)GGI/NETAI POLLA/KIS KAI\ A)NTITEI/-€NOUSIN: E)/SQ' O(/TE DE\ KAI\ GINW/SKONTES O(/TI OU) LUPHRA\ TA\ PROS-€PEPTWKO/TA OU)DE\ H(DE/A OU)DE\ MH\N FOBERA/, OU)DE\N H(=TTON A)GO/MEQA €U(P' AU)TW=N, OU)K A)\N PAQO/NTES TAU=TA, EI) KRI/SESI TA\ AU)TA\ H)=N: €TAU/TAS GA\R A)POBA/LLOMEN KATAGNO/NTES AU)TW=N, EI)/TE DEO/NTWS EI)/TE €MH\ DEO/NTWS. *)EP' A)GAQW=| DE\ H)\ KAI\ E)PI\ KAKW=|, E)PEIDH\ KAT' E)/MFASIN €A)DIAFO/ROU PRA/GMATOS OU) KINEI=TAI PA/QOS: PA/NTA GA\R SUNI/STATAI €H)\ KATA\ A)GAQOU= E)/MFASIN H)\ KATA\ KAKOU=. *)AGAQO\N GA\R E)A\N ME\N €PAREI=NAI U(POLA/BWMEN, H(DO/MEQA, E)A\N DE\ ME/LLEIN, E)PIQUMOU=MEN: €KAI\ KAKO\N E)A\N ME\N PAREI=NAI U(POLA/BWMEN, LUPOU/MEQA, TO\ DE\ þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¨ ˆ‘ME/LLON FOBOU/MEQA. @1 @*)/ESTI DE\ PA/QH A(PLA= KAI\ STOIXEIW/DH DU/O, H(DONH/ TE KAI\ €LU/PH, TA)=LLA D' E)K TOU/TWN PE/PLASTAI. *OU) GA\R SUNARIQMHTE/ON €TOU/TOIS FO/BON KAI\ E)PIQUMI/AN W(S A)RXIKA\ U(PA/RXONTA KAI\ A(PLA=. €*(/O TE GA\R FOBOU/MENOS OU) PANTELW=S E)STE/RHTAI H(DONH=S: OU)DE\ GA\R €TO\N TUXO/NTA A)/N TIS DIAGE/NOITO XRO/NON, A)POGINW/SKWN A)PALLAGH\N €H)\ KOUFISMO\N TOU= KAKOU=: PLEONA/ZEI ME/NTOI E)N TW=| LUPEI=SQAI KAI\ €O)XLEI=SQAI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO SUNH=PTAI TH=| LU/PH|: O(/ TE E)PIQUMW=N E)N €PROSDOKI/A| ME/NWN TOU= TEU/CESQAI H(/DETAI, OU) PANTELW=S DE\ QARRW=N €OU)D' E)/XWN BE/BAION TH\N E)LPI/DA A)/XQETAI. ˆ‰@6 @*)EPIQUMI/AS DH\ KAI\ FO/BOU MH\ O)/NTWN A)RXIKW=N, A)NENDOIA/STWS €SUGXWRHQH/SETAI TO\ MHDE\ TW=N A)/LLWN TI PAQW=N A(PLOU=N EI)=NAI, €OI(=ON O)RGH\N LE/GW KAI\ PO/QON KAI\ ZH=LON KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA: E)N TOU/TOIS €GA\R E)NORA=TAI H(DONH\ KAI\ LU/PH W(S A)\N E)K TOU/TWN MEMIGME/NOIS. „@6 @*TW=N DE\ PAQW=N TA\ ME/N E)STIN A)/GRIA, TA\ DE\ H(/MERA: KAI\ €H(/MERA ME\N O(/SA KATA\ FU/SIN U(PA/RXEI TW=| A)NQRW/PW| A)NAGKAI=A/ TE €KAI\ OI)KEI=A: OU(/TW DE\ E)/XEI, E(/WS A)\N SU/MMETRA U(PA/RXH|: PROSEL-€QOU/SHS DE\ AU)TOI=S A)METRI/AS, H(MARTHME/NA U(PA/RCEI. *TOIAU=TA/ E)STIN @1 €H(DONH/, LU/PH, QUMO/S, E)/LEOS, AI)SXU/NH: OI)KEI=ON GA\R TO\ H(SQH=NAI €E)PI\ TOI=S KATA\ FU/SIN, LUPHQH=NAI DE\ E)N TOI=S E)NANTI/OIS: KAI\ O( ME\N €QUMO\S PRO\S TO\ A)MU/NESQAI KAI\ TIMWREI=SQAI TOU\S E)XQROU\S A)NAG-€KAI=OS, O( DE\ E)/LEOS OI)KEI=OS FILANQRWPI/A|, AI)SXU/NH DE\ PRO\S A)NAXW/-€RHSIN A)PO\ TW=N AI)SXRW=N E)PITH/DEIOS. *)/ALLA D' A)/GRIA/ E)STI PA/QH, €A(/PER PARA\ FU/SIN E)STI/N, E)K DIASTROFH=S SUSTA/NTA KAI\ E)QW=N €MOXQHRW=N: TAU=TA D' U(PA/RXEI GE/LWS KAI\ E)PIXAIREKAKI/A KAI\ MISAN-€QRWPI/A, A(\ KAI\ E)PITEINO/MENA KAI\ A)NIE/MENA KAI\ O(PWSPOTOU=N E)/XONTA €DIHMARTHME/NA O)/NTA TUGXA/NEI, METRIO/THTA MH\ DEXO/MENA. ˆ@6 @*PERI\ DE\ H(DONH=S KAI\ LU/PHS FHSI\N O( *PLA/TWN, O(/TI TAU=TA TA\ €PA/QH FU/SEI PWS A)RXH=QEN E)N H(MI=N KINHQE/NTA FE/RETAI, TH=S ME\N €LU/PHS KAI\ TH=S A)LGHDO/NOS E)PIGINOME/NWN PARA\ FU/SIN KINOUME/NOIS, €TH=S DE\ H(DONH=S EI)S TO\ KATA\ FU/SIN A)POKAQISTAME/NOIS: OI)/ETAI DE\ €KATA\ FU/SIN KATA/STHMA EI)=NAI TO\ ME/SON A)LGHDO/NOS TE KAI\ H(DONH=S, €OU)QETE/RW| E)KEI/NWN O)\N TO\ AU)TO/, E)N W(=| KAI\ TO\N PLEI/W XRO/NON €U(PA/RXOMEN. @1 @*DIDA/SKEI DE\ KAI\ DIO/TI POLLA/ E)STIN EI)/DH H(DONW=N, TA\ ME\N €DIA\ TOU= SW/MATOS, TA\ DE\ DIA\ TH=S YUXH=S: TW=N DE\ H(DONW=N TA\S ME\N €MI/GNUSQAI TOI=S E)NANTI/OIS, TA\S DE\ PARAME/NEIN KAQARA/S TE KAI\ €EI)LIKRINEI=S: KAI\ TA\S ME\N A)NAMNHSTIKA/S, TA\S DE\ MET' E)LPI/DOS €GINOME/NAS: KAI\ TA\S ME\N AI)SXRA/S, O(/SAI A)KO/LASTOI/ TE KAI\ META\ €A)DIKI/AS, TA\S DE\ METRI/AS KAI\ A(MWSGE/PWS METEXOU/SAS TOU= A)GAQOU=, €OI(=ON TH/N TE EU)FROSU/NHN TH\N E)PI\ TOI=S A)GAQOI=S KAI\ TA\S E)N TAI=S €A)RETAI=S H(DONA/S. ˆˆ@6 @*PEFUKUIW=N DE\ POLLW=N A)DOKI/MWN H(DONW=N, OU) ZHTHTE/ON EI) €TW=N A(PLW=S A)GAQW=N DU/NATAI EI)=NAI: E)CI/THLOS GA\R FAI/NETAI KAI\ €OU)DENO\S A)CI/A, E)PIGENNHMATIKH\ TH=| FU/SEI U(PA/RXOUSA KAI\ OU)DE\N €OU)SIW=DES OU)DE\ PROHGOU/MENON E)/XOUSA, SUNUPA/RXOUSA/ TE TW=| €E)NANTI/W|: MI/GNUTAI GA\R H(DONH\ KAI\ LU/PH, OU)K A)\N DE\ SUNE/BAINE €TOU=TO, EI) TO\ ME\N A(PLW=S H)=N A)GAQO/N, QA/TERON DE\ KAKO/N. @1 @*FILI/A DE\ H( MA/LISTA KAI\ KURI/WS LEGOME/NH €OU)K A)/LLH TI/S E)STI TH=S SUNISTAME/NHS KAT' EU)/NOIAN A)NTI/STROFON: €AU(/TH DE\ U(FI/STATAI, O(/TAN E)PI/SHS E(KA/TEROS BOU/LHTAI TO\N PLHSI/ON €KAI\ E(AUTO\N EU)= PRA/TTEIN. *(H DE\ I)SO/THS AU(/TH OU)K A)/LLWS SW/ZETAI €H)\ KATA\ TH\N TOU= H)/QOUS O(MOIO/THTA: TO\ GA\R O(/MOION TW=| O(MOI/W| €METRI/W| O)/NTI FI/LON U(PA/RXEI, TA\ DE\ A)/METRA OU)/TE A)LLH/LOIS OU)/TE €TOI=S SUMME/TROIS DU/NATAI E)FARMO/SAI. ‡@6 @*EI)SI\ DE/ TINES KAI\ A)/LLAI NOMIZO/MENAI FILI/AI, OU) MH\N KAI\ €OU)=SAI, U(PO\ TH=S A)RETH=S W(/SPER E)PIKEXRWSME/NAI: H(/ TE FUSIKH\ €TW=N GONE/WN PRO\S TA\ E)/KGONA KAI\ H( TW=N SUGGENW=N PRO\S A)LLH/LOUS €KAI\ H( LEGOME/NH POLITIKH\ KAI\ H( E(TAIRIKH/, AU(=TAI DE\ OU)K A)EI\ €E)/XOUSI TO\ A)NTI/STROFON TH=S EU)NOI/AS. …@6 @*EI)=DOS DE/ PWS FILI/AS E)STI\ KAI\ TO\ E)RWTIKO/N: E)/STI DE\ E)RW-€TIKH\ H( ME\N A)STEI/A, H( TH=S SPOUDAI/AS YUXH=S, H( DE\ FAU/LH, H( TH=S €KAKH=S, ME/SH DE\ H( TH=S ME/SWS DIAKEIME/NHS. *(/WSPER OU)=N TREI=S €EI)SI\N E(/CEIS YUXH=S LOGIKOU= ZW/|OU, H( ME\N A)GAQH/, H( DE\ FAU/LH, €TRI/TH DE\ TOU/TWN ME/SH, OU(/TW KAI\ TREI=S E)RWTIKAI\ EI)=EN A)\N KAT' €EI)=DOS A)LLH/LWN DIAFE/ROUSAI: TO\ D' EI)=NAI TREI=S AU)TA\S DHLOU=SI @1 €MA/LISTA OI( SKOPOI\ DIAFE/RONTES A)LLH/LWN. *(H ME\N GA\R FAU/LH €MO/NOU TOU= SW/MATO/S E)STI, TOU= H(DE/OS H(TTWME/NH KAI\ TAU/TH| BOSKH-€MATW/DHS U(PA/RXOUSA: H( DE\ A)STEI/A YILH=S TH=S YUXH=S E(/NEKEN, H(=| €E)NORA=TAI E)PITHDEIO/THS PRO\S A)RETH/N: H( DE\ ME/SH TOU= SUNAMFOTE/ROU, €O)REGOME/NH ME\N TOU= SW/MATOS, O)REGOME/NH DE\ KAI\ TOU= KA/LLOUS €TH=S YUXH=S. ˆŒ@6 @*(O DE\ A)CIE/RASTOS KAI\ AU)TO\S ME/SOS TIS U(PA/RXEI OU)/TE FAU=LOS €W)\N OU)/TE A)STEI=OS, O(/QEN KAI\ TO\N SWMATOPOIOU/MENON *)/ERWTA DAI/MONA/ €TINA MA=LLON FATE/ON H)/PER QEO\N MHDE/POTE E)N GHI/+NW| SW/MATI GEGE-€NHME/NON, DIAPORQMEU/ONTA TA\ PARA\ QEW=N A)NQRW/POIS KAI\ A)NA/PALIN. €*KOINW=S DE\ TH=S E)RWTIKH=S EI)S TA\S TREI=S I)DE/AS DIH|RHME/NHS TA\S €PROEIRHME/NAS, H( TOU= A)GAQOU= TOI/NUN E)RWTIKH\ A)PHLLAGME/NH PA/QOUS €TEXNIKH/ TIS U(PA/RXEI, O(/QEN KAI\ E)N TW=| LOGISTIKW=| SUNI/STATAI TH=S €YUXH=S: QEWRH/MATA D' AU)TH=S TO\ GNW=NAI/ TE TO\N A)CIE/RASTON KAI\ €KTH/SASQAI KAI\ XRH/SASQAI: E)PIKRI/NEI DE\ AU)TO\N E)K TW=N PROQE/SEWN €AU)TOU= KAI\ O(RMW=N, EI) EU)GENEI=S, EI) E)PI\ TO\ KALO\N GINO/MENAI, EI) €SFODRAI/ TE KAI\ DIA/PUROI: KTH/SETAI DE\ AU)TH\N O( KTW/MENOS OU) €QRU/PTWN OU)D' E)PAINW=N TA\ PAIDIKA/, A)LLA\ MA=LLON KWLU/WN KAI\ €E)NDEIKNU/MENOS O(/TI OU) BIWTO\N AU)TW=| OU(/TWS E)/XONTI W(S NU=N E)/XEI: €O(/TAN D' E(/LH| TO\N E)RW/MENON, XRH/SETAI AU)TW=| PAREGGUW=N TAU=TA, €DI' W(=N A)SKHQEI\S E)/STAI TE/LEIOS, TE/LOS DE\ AU)TOI=S TO\ A)NTI\ E)RASTOU= €KAI\ E)RWME/NOU GENE/SQAI FI/LOUS. @1 @*TW=N DE\ POLITEIW=N FHSI TA\S ME\N A)NUPOQE/TOUS €EI)=NAI, A(\S E)N TH=| *POLITEI/A| DIECH=LQEN: E)N GA\R TAU/TH| PROTE/RAN €ME\N U(PE/GRAYE TH\N A)PO/LEMON, DEUTE/RAN DE\ TH\N FLEGMAI/NOUSAN €KAI\ POLEMIKH/N, ZHTW=N TI/NES A)\N EI)=EN AI( BE/LTISTAI TOU/TWN KAI\ PW=S €A)\N SUSTAI=EN. *)/ESTI DE/ POU PARAPLHSI/WS TH=| DIAIRE/SEI TH=S YUXH=S €KAI\ H( POLITEI/A DIH|RHME/NH TRIXH=|, EI)/S TE TOU\S FROUROU\S KAI\ EI)S €TOU\S E)PIKOU/ROUS KAI\ EI)S TOU\S DHMIOURGOU/S, W(=N TOI=S ME\N TO\ €BOULEU/ESQAI KAI\ A)/RXEIN A)PODI/DWSI, TOI=S DE\ TO\ PROPOLEMEI=N EI) €DE/OI, OU(\S KATA\ TO\ QUMIKO\N TAKTE/ON W(/SPER SUMMAXOU=NTAS TW=| €LOGISTIKW=|: TOI=S DE\ TA\S TE/XNAS KAI\ TA\S A)/LLAS E)RGASI/AS: TOU\S €DE\ A)/RXONTAS A)CIOI= FILOSO/FOUS EI)=NAI KAI\ QEWRHTIKOU\S TOU= €PRW/TOU A)GAQOU=. @1 @*MO/NWS GA\R OU(/TWS KATA\ TRO/PON DIOIKH/SEIN AU)TOU\S PA/NTA: €OU) GA/R POTE KAKW=N LH/CEIN TA\ PRA/GMATA TA\ A)NQRW/PINA, EI) MH\ €OI( FILO/SOFOI BASILEU/SEIAN H)\ OI( LEGO/MENOI BASILEI=S A)PO/ TINOS €QEI/AS MOI/RAS O)/NTWS FILOSOFH/SEIAN. *)/ARISTA GA\R KAI\ META\ €DIKAIOSU/NHS E)PANA/CEIN TA\S PO/LEIS TO\ THNIKA/DE, O(/TAN E(/KASTON €ME/ROS AU)TONOMH=|, W(/STE PROBOULEU/EIN ME\N TOU\S A)/RXONTAS TOU= €LAOU=, TOU\S DE\ SUMMA/XOUS TOU/TOIS U(PHRETEI=N KAI\ TOU/TWN PROMA/-€XESQAI, TOU/TOIS DE\ EU)PEIQW=S SUNE/PESQAI TOU\S LOIPOU/S. ˆˆ@6 @*PE/NTE DE/ FHSIN EI)=NAI POLITEI/AS, TH/N TE A)RISTOKRATIKH/N, €O(PO/TAN OI( A)/RISTOI A)/RXWSI. KAI\ DEUTE/RAN TH\N TIMOKRATIKH/N, €FILOTI/MWN O)/NTWN TW=N A)RXO/NTWN, KAI\ TRI/THN TH\N DHMOKRATIKH\N €KAI\ META\ TAU/THN TH\N O)LIGARXIKH/N, TELEUTAI/AN DE\ TH\N TURANNI/DA, €XEIRI/STHN U(PA/RXOUSAN. …@6 @*(UPOGRA/FEI DE\ KAI\ A)/LLAS POLITEI/AS E)C U(POQE/SEWS, W(=N €E)STI\N H(/ TE E)N *NO/MOIS KAI\ H( E)K DIORQW/SEWS E)N *)EPISTOLAI=S, H(=| €XRH=TAI PRO\S TA\S NENOSHKUI/AS PO/LEIS TA\S E)N TOI=S *NO/MOIS, H)/DH €KAI\ TO/PON A)FWRISME/NON E)XOU/SAS KAI\ A)NQRW/POUS LOGA/DAS A)PO\ €PA/SHS H(LIKI/AS, W(/STE KATA\ TA\S DIAFORA\S TH=S FU/SEWS AU)TW=N KAI\ €TW=N TO/PWN PAIDEI/AS TE OI)KEI/AS DEI=SQAI KAI\ A)GWGH=S KAI\ O(PLI/SEWS. þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°±ÿ¨¢”‡*OI( ME\N GA\R PARAQALA/TTIOI KAI\ NAUTI/LLOINTO A)\N KAI\ NAUMAXOI=EN, €OI( DE\ E)N MESOGAI/A| OI)KOU=NTES PRO\S PEZOMAXI/AN A(RMO/TTOINTO A)\N @1 €KAI\ O(/PLISIN H)\ KOUFOTE/RAN, W(S OI( O)/REIOI, H)\ BARUTE/RAN, W(S E)N €GEWLO/FOIS OI)KOU=NTES PEDI/OIS: E)/NIOI D' AU)TW=N KAI\ I(PPASI/AN A)\N €E)PASKOI=EN. *)EN TAU/TH| DE\ TH=| PO/LEI OU)DE\ KOINA\S EI)=NAI TA\S GUNAI=KAS €NOMOQETEI=. ˆŒ@6 @*)/ESTIN OU)=N H( POLITIKH\ A)RETH\ QEWRHTIKH/ TE KAI\ PRAKTIKH\ €KAI\ PROAIRETIKH\ TOU= A)GAQH\N POIEI=N PO/LIN KAI\ EU)DAI/MONA KAI\ €O(MONOOU=SA/N TE KAI\ SUMFWNOU=SAN, E)PITAKTIKH/ TIS OU)=SA KAI\ E)/XOUSA €U(POBEBLHME/NAS POLEMIKH/N TE KAI\ STRATHGIKH\N KAI\ DIKASTIKH/N: €SKE/PTETAI GA\R H( POLITIKH\ A)/LLA TE MURI/A KAI\ DH\ KAI\ AU)TO\ TOU=TO, €EI)/TE POLEMHTE/ON, EI)/TE MH/. †@6 @*(OPOI=OS DE/ E)STIN O( FILO/SOFOS PROEIRHME/NOU, €TOU/TOU DIAFE/REI O( SOFISTH\S TW=| ME\N TRO/PW|, O(/TI MISQARNI/A| TW=N €NE/WN KAI\ TW=| MA=LLON NOMI/ZESQAI BOU/LESQAI H)\ EI)=NAI KALO\S KAI\ €A)GAQO/S: TH=| DE\ U(/LH|, O(/TI O( ME\N FILO/SOFOS PERI\ TA\ A)EI\ KATA\ TA\ €AU)TA\ KAI\ W(SAU/TWS E)/XONTA KATAGI/NETAI, O( DE\ SOFISTH\S PERI\ TO\ @1 €MH\ O)\N PRAGMATEU/ETAI, A)NAXWRW=N EI)S TO/PON DIA\ TO\ SKOTEINO\N €DUSDIO/RATON. *TW=| GA\R O)/NTI OU)K A)NTI/KEITAI TO\ MH\ O)/N: TOU=TO GA\R €A)NU/PARKTON KAI\ A)NENNO/HTON KAI\ MHDEMI/AN E)/XON U(PO/STASIN, O(\ KAI\ €EI)/ TIS EI)PEI=N H)\ NOH=SAI BIA/ZOITO, PERITRAPH/SETAI DIA\ TO\ MA/XHN €AU)TO\ E)N E(AUTW=| PERIE/XEIN. ˆŠ@6 @*)/ESTI DE\ TO\ MH\ O)/N, KAQ' O(\ E)CAKOU/ETAI, OU) YILH\ A)PO/FASIS €TOU= O)/NTOS, A)/LLA META\ SUNEMFA/SEWS TH=S PRO\S E(/TERON O(/PER KAI/ €TW| TRO/PW| O)/NTI PARE/PETAI: W(S EI) MH\ KAI\ AU)TA\ METELA/MBANE TOU= €MH\ O)/NTOS, OU)K A)\N E)XWRI/ZETO TW=N A)/LLWN: NU=N DE\ O(/SAPER E)STI\ €TA\ O)/NTA, TOSAUTAXW=S KAI\ TO\ MH\ O)/N: TO\ GA\R MH\ TI\ O)\N OU)K €E)/STIN O)/N. †@6 @*TOSAU=TA A)PARKEI= PRO\S EI)SAGWGH\N EI)S TH\N €*PLA/TWNOS DOGMATOPOII/+AN EI)RH=SQAI: W(=N I)/SWS TA\ ME\N TETAGME/NWS €EI)/RHTAI, TA\ DE\ SPORA/DHN TE KAI\ A)TA/KTWS: W(/STE ME/NTOI A)PO\ TW=N €EI)RHME/NWN QEWRHTIKOU/S TE KAI\ EU(RETIKOU\S E)C A)KOLOUQI/AS KAI\ €TW=N LOIPW=N AU)TOU= DOGMA/TWN GENE/SQAI. @1 ï°°²ÿŸôÿ{1*A*L*B*I*N*O*U €EI)SAGWGH\ EI)S TOU\S *PLA/TWNOS DIALO/GOUS.}1 ‘@*(/OTI TW=| ME/LLONTI E)NTEU/CESQAI TOI=S *PLA/TWNOS DIALO/GOIS €PROSH/KEI PRO/TERON E)PI/STASQAI AU)TO\ TOU=TO, TI/ POTE/ E)STIN O( DIA/-€LOGOS. OU)/TE GA\R A)/NEU TE/XNHS TINO\S KAI\ DUNA/MEWS GEGRAMME/NOI €EI)SI/N, OU)/TE TEXNIKW=S GNWRI/SAI R(A/|DION TW=| GE QEWRI/AS A)PEI/RWS €E)/XONTI. A)RE/SKEI DE\ TW=| FILOSO/FW| PERI\ PANTO\S OU(TINOSOU=N TH\N €SKE/YIN POIOU/MENON TH\N OU)SI/AN TOU= PRA/GMATOS E)CETA/ZEIN, E)/PEITA €TI/ TOU=TO DU/NATAI KAI\ TI/ MH/, PRO\S O(/ TI/ TE XRH/SIMON PE/FUKE KAI\ €PRO\S O(\ MH/. LE/GEI DE\ W(=DE: PERI\ PANTO/S, W)= PAI=, MI/A A)RXH\ TOI=S €ME/LLOUSI KALW=S BOULEU/ESQAI: EI)DE/NAI DEI= PERI\ OU(= A)\N H( BOULH\ €H)=|, H)\ PARA\ TOU=TO A(MARTA/NEIN A)NA/GKH: TOU\S DE\ POLLOU\S LE/LH-€QEN, O(/TI OU)K I)/SASI TH\N OU)SI/AN E(KA/STOU: W(S OU)=N [OU)K] EI)DO/TES €OU) DIOMOLOGOU=NTAI E)N A)RXH=| TH=S SKE/YEWS, PROELQO/NTES DE\ TO\ €EI)KO\S A)PODIDO/ASIN: OU)/TE GA\R E(AUTOI=S OU)/T' A)/LLOIS O(MOLOGOU=SIN. €I(/NA OU)=N MH\ TOU=TO PA/QWMEN E)NTUGXA/NONTES TOI=S *PLA/TWNOS DIA-€LO/GOIS, AU)TO\ TOU=TO, O(/PER E)/FHN, SKEYW/MEQA, TI/ POT' E)/STIN O( €DIA/LOGOS. E)/STI TOI/NUN OU)K A)/LLO TI H)\ LO/GOS E)C E)RWTH/SEWS KAI\ €A)POKRI/SEWS SUGKEI/MENOS PERI/ TINOS TW=N POLITIKW=N KAI\ FILOSO/-€FWN PRAGMA/TWN, META\ TH=S PREPOU/SHS H)QOPOII/+AS TW=N PARALAM-€BANOME/NWN PROSW/PWN KAI\ TH=S KATA\ TH\N LE/CIN KATASKEUH=S. @*LO/GOS ME\N OU)=N LE/GETAI O( DIA/LOGOS KAQA/PER O( A)/NQRW-€POS ZW=ON: E)PEI\ DE\ O( LO/GOS E)STI\N O( ME\N E)NDIA/QETOS O( DE\ PRO-€FORIKO/S, A)KOUSO/MEQA TOU= PROFORIKOU=: KAI\ E)PEI\ TOU/TOU O( ME/N €E)STI KATA\ DIE/CODON LEGO/MENOS, O( DE\ KAT' E)RW/THSIN KAI\ A)PO/KRI-€SIN, I)/DION TOU= DIALO/GOU E)RWTH/SEIS KAI\ A)POKRI/SEIS: O(/QEN O( LO/-€GOS E)C E)RWTH/SEWS EI)=NAI LE/GETAI. TO\ DE\ PERI/ TINOS TW=N FILOSO/FWN €KAI\ POLITIKW=N PRAGMA/TWN PRO/SKEITAI, DIO/TI OI)KEI/AN EI)=NAI DEI= €TH\N U(POKEIME/NHN U(/LHN TW=| DIALO/GW|: AU(/TH DE/ E)STIN H( POLITIKH\ €KAI\ FILO/SOFOS. W(S GA\R TH=| TRAGW|DI/A| KAI\ O(/LWS TH=| POIH/SEI OI)KEI/A @1 €U(/LH U(POBE/BLHTAI TW=N MU/QWN, OU(/TWS TW=| DIALO/GW| H( FILO/SOFOS. €TOUTE/STI TA\ PRO\S FILOSOFI/AN. TO\ DE\ META\ TH=S PREPOU/SHS H)QO-€POII/+AS TW=N PARALAMBANOME/NWN PROSW/PWN, %2DIO/TI%2 DIAFO/RWN E)N €TOI=S LO/GOIS O)/NTWN TO\N BI/ON, TW=N ME\N FILOSO/FWN, TW=N DE\ SOFI-€STIKW=N, TA\ OI)KEI=A H)/QH DEI= E(KA/STW| A)NATIQE/NAI, TW=| ME\N FILOSO/-€FW| TO\ GENNAI=ON KAI\ TO\ A(PLOU=N KAI\ TO\ FILA/LHQES, TW=| DE\ SOFI-€STIKW=| TO\ POIKI/LON KAI\ TO\ PALI/MBOLON KAI\ TO\ FILO/DOCON, TW=| DE\ €I)DIWTIKW=| TO\ OI)KEI=ON. E)PI\ TOU/TOIS FHSI\ KAI\ TH=S KATA\ TH\N LE/CIN €KATASKEUH=S: KAI\ MA/LA EI)KO/TWS: W(S GA\R TH=| TRAGW|DI/A| KAI\ TH=| €KWMW|DI/A| TO\ OI)KEI=ON ME/TRON DEI= PAREI=NAI KAI\ TH=| LEGOME/NH| I(STO-€RI/A| TO\ PLA/SMA, OU(/TWS KAI\ TW=| DIALO/GW| TH\N OI)KEI/AN LE/CIN KAI\ €SU/NQESIN, E)/XOUSAN TO\ *)ATTIKO/N, TO\ EU)/XARI, TO\ A)PE/RITTON, TO\ €A)NENDEE/S. EI) DE/ TIS LEGO/MENOS LO/GOS MH\ KAQA/PER EI)=PON EI)DOPOI-€OU/MENOS, A)LL' E)NDEH\S W)\N TOU/TWN LE/GOITO EI)=NAI DIA/LOGOS, OU)K €O)RQW=S A)\N LE/GOITO. OU(/TW TO\ PARA\ *QOUKUDI/DH| LEGO/MENON [TW=N €DUNA/MEWN] EI)DOPOIEI=N TH\N I)DIO/THTA TW=N DIALO/GWN OU) FH/SOMEN €EI)=NAI DIA/LOGON, A)LLA\ MA=LLON DU/O DHMHGORI/AS KAT' E)NQU/MHSIN €A)LLH/LAIS A)NTIGEGRAMME/NAS. @*)EPEI\ OU)=N O(/ TI/ POTE/ E)STIN O( DIA/LOGOS TEQEWRH/KAMEN, €PERI\ TH=S DIAFORA=S AU)TOU= TOU= KATA\ *PLA/TWNA DIALO/GOU I)/DWMEN, €TOUTE/STI PERI\ TW=N XARAKTH/RWN, PO/SOI TE/ EI)SIN OI( A)NWTA/TW KAI\ €PO/SOI E)KEI/NWN U(PODIAIREQE/NTES EI)S TOU\S A)TO/MOUS E)STH/SANTO. €PERI\ ME\N OU)=N XARAKTH/RWN E)N TOI=S E(CH=S TELEW/TATA META\ U(PO-€GRAFH=S EI)RH/SETAI, E)NQA/DE DE\ GNWSTE/ON TOSOU=TON PERI\ TW=N A)NW-€TA/TW XARAKTH/RWN, O(/TI DU/O O)/NTWN, U(FHGHTIKOU= KAI\ ZHTHTIKOU=, €O( ME\N U(FHGHTIKO\S H(/RMOSTAI PRO\S DIDASKALI/AN KAI\ PRA=CIN KAI\ €A)PO/DEICIN TOU= A)LHQOU=S, O( DE\ ZHTHTIKO\S PRO\S GUMNASI/AN KAI\ €A)GW=NA KAI\ E)/LEGXON TOU= YEU/DOUS: KAI\ O(/TI O( ME\N U(FHGHTIKO\S €TW=N PRAGMA/TWN STOXA/ZETAI, O( DE\ ZHTHTIKO\S TW=N PROSW/PWN. €TW=N ME\N OU)=N *PLA/TWNOS DIALO/GWN U(PA/GONTAI TW=| ME\N FUSIKW=| €O( *TI/MAIOS, TW=| DE\ H)QIKW=| H( *)APOLOGI/A, TW=| DE\ LOGIKW=| *QEA/GHS, €*KRATU/LOS, *LU/SIS, *SOFISTH/S, *LA/XHS, *POLITIKO/S, TW=| DE\ E)LEGKTI-€KW=| *PARMENI/DHS, *PRWTAGO/RAS: TW=| DE\ POLITIKW=| *KRI/TWN, *PO-€LITEI/A, *FAI/DWN, *MI/NWS, *SUMPO/SION, *NO/MOI, *)EPISTOLAI/, *)EPINO-€MI/S, *MENE/CENOS, *KLEITOFW=N, *FI/LHBOS: TW=| DE\ PEIRASTIKW=| *EU)-€QU/FRWN, *ME/NWN, *)/IWN, *XARMI/DHS: TW=| DE\ MAIEUTIKW=| *)ALKIBIA/DHS, €TW=| DE\ A)NATREPTIKW=| *(IPPI/AS, *EU)QU/DHMOS, *GORGI/AS. @1 @*)EPEI\ OU)=N TEQEWRH/KAMEN TH\N DIAFORA\N AU)TW=N W(S €PE/FUKE GI/GNESQAI KAI\ TOU\S XARAKTH=RAS, E)PI\ TOU/TOIS LE/GWMEN, €A)PO\ POI/WN DIALO/GWN DEI= A)RXOME/NOUS E)NTUGXA/NEIN TW=| *PLA/TW-€NOS LO/GW|. DIA/FOROI GA\R DO/CAI GEGO/NASIN: OI( ME\N A)PO\ TW=N *)EPI-€STOLW=N A)/RXONTAI, OI( DE\ A)PO\ TOU= *QEA/GOUS: EI)SI\ DE\ OI( KATA\ TE-€TRALOGI/AN DIELO/NTES AU)TOU\S KAI\ TA/TTOUSI PRW/THN TETRALOGI/AN €PERIE/XOUSAN TO\N *EU)QU/FRONA KAI\ TH\N *)APOLOGI/AN KAI\ TO\N *KRI/-€TWNA KAI\ TO\N *FAI/DWNA: TO\N ME\N OU)=N *EU)QU/FRONA, E)PEI\ KAI\ E)PAG-€GE/LLETAI TW=| *SWKRA/TEI E)N AU)TW=| H( DI/KH, TH\N DE\ *)APOLOGI/AN, €E)PEIDH\ A)NAGKAI=ON AU)TW=| A)POLOGH/SASQAI, E)PI\ TOU/TOIS TO\N *KRI/TWNA €DIA\ TH\N E)N TW=| DESMWTHRI/W| DIATRIBH/N, E)/PEITA TO\N *FAI/DWNA, €E)PEI\ E)N AU)TW=| TE/LOS TOU= BI/OU LAMBA/NEI O( *SWKRA/THS. TAU/THS €TH=S DO/CHS EI)SI\ *DERKULLI/DHS KAI\ *QRA/SULLOS, DOKOU=SI DE/ MOI €PROSW/POIS KAI\ BI/WN PERISTA/SESIN H)QELHKE/NAI TA/CIN E)PIQEI=NAI: €O(/ E)STI ME\N I)/SWS XRH/SIMON PRO\S A)/LLO TI, OU) MH\N PRO\S O(\ H(MEI=S €NU=N BOULO/MEQA, BOULO/MEQA DE\ A)RXH\N KAI\ DIA/TACIN DIDASKALI/AS €TH=S KATA\ SOFI/AN EU(REI=N. FAME\N OU)=N *PLA/TWNOS LO/GOU MH\ EI)=-€NAI MI/AN KAI\ W(RISME/NHN A)RXH/N: E)OIKE/NAI GA\R AU)TO\N TE/LEION þï€°¶¹³ÿï°°²ÿ”ˆ“O)/NTA TELEI/W| SXH/MATI KU/KLOU: W(/SPER OU)=N KU/KLOU MI/A KAI\ W(RI-€SME/NH OU)K E)/STIN A)RXH/, OU(/TWS OU)DE\ TOU= LO/GOU. @*OU) MH\N DIA\ TOU=TO O(PWSOU=N W(S E)/TUXEN E)NTEUCO/MEQA €AU)TW=|: OU)DE\ GA\R EI) DE/OI KU/KLON GRA/FEIN, A)F' OU(TINOSOU=N SH-€MEI/OU A)RXO/MENO/S TIS GRA/FEI TO\N KU/KLON: A)LL' A)F' H(=S A)\N E(/KA-€STOS H(MW=N SXE/SEWS E)/XH| PRO\S TO\N LO/GON A)RXO/MENOS E)NTEU/CETAI €TOI=S DIALO/GOIS. SXE/SEIS DE\ PLEI/OUS KAI\ DIA/FOROI/ EI)SIN H(MW=N €PRO\S TO\N LO/GON. H( ME\N GA/R E)STI KATA\ FU/SIN, OI(=ON EU)FUH\S A)FU-€H/S: H( DE\ KATA\ TH\N H(LIKI/AN, OI(=ON W(/RAN E)/XWN TOU= FILOSOFEI=N H)\ €PARHBHKW/S: H( DE\ KATA\ PROAI/RESIN, OI(=ON FILOSOFI/AS H)\ I(STO-€RI/AS E(/NEKA: H( DE\ KATA\ E(/CIN, OI(=ON PROTETELESME/NOS H)\ A)MAQH/S: €H( DE\ KATA\ TH\N U(/LHN, OI(=ON E)NASXOLW=N FILOSOFI/A| H)\ PERIELKO/ME-€NOS U(PO\ TW=N PERISTA/SEWN. O( ME\N OU)=N KATA\ FU/SIN EU)= PEFUKW/S, €KAI\ KATA\ TH\N H(LIKI/AN W(/RAN E)/XWN TOU= FILOSOFEI=N, KAI\ KATA\ €TH\N PROAI/RESIN E(/NEKA TOU= A)RETH\N A)SKH=SAI PROSIW\N TW=| LO/GW|, €KAI\ KATA\ TH\N E(/CIN PROTETELESME/NOS TOI=S MAQH/MASI, KAI\ A)FEI-€ME/NOS A)PO\ TW=N POLITIKW=N PERISTA/SEWN, A)/RCETAI A)PO\ TOU= *)ALKI-€BIA/DOU PRO\S TO\ TRAPH=NAI KAI\ E)PISTRAFH=NAI KAI\ GNW=NAI OU(= DEI= €TH\N E)PIME/LEIAN POIEI=SQAI. %2EI)=Q'%2 W(/SPER PRO\S PARA/DEIGMA KALO\N @1 €I)DEI=N, TI/S E)STIN O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ TI/S AU)TOU= H( E)PITH/DEUSIS KAI\ €E)PI\ POI/A| U(POQE/SEI O( PAR' AU)TW=| LO/GOS PROSA/GETAI, DEH/SEI TW=| €*FAI/DWNI E(CH=S E)NTUGXA/NEIN: LE/GEI GA\R E)N TOU/TW|, TI/S E)STI FILO/-€SOFOS, KAI\ TI/S E)STIN H(/ GE E)PITH/DEUSIS, KAI\ E)PI\ U(POQE/SEI TOU= €A)QA/NATON EI)=NAI TH\N YUXH\N DI/EISI TO\N PERI\ AU)TOU= LO/GON. META\ €TOU=TO TH=| *POLITEI/A| DE/OI S' E)NTUGXA/NEIN: A)RCA/MENOS GA\R A)PO\ TH=S €PRW/THS GENE/SEWS U(POGRA/FEI PA=SAN TH\N PAIDEI/AN, H(=| XRW/MENOS €A)FI/KOITO A)/N TIS E)PI\ TH\N TH=S A)RETH=S KTH=SIN. E)PEI\ DE\ DEI= KAI\ E)N €GNW/SEI TW=N QEI/WN GENE/SQAI, W(S DU/NASQAI KTHSA/MENON TH\N A)RE-€TH\N O(MOIWQH=NAI AU)TOI=S, E)NTEUCO/MEQA TW=| *TIMAI/W|: AU)TH=| GA\R TH=| €PERI\ TH\N FU/SIN I(STORI/A| E)NTUGXA/NONTES KAI\ TH=| LEGOME/NH| QEOLO-€GI/A| KAI\ TH=| TW=N O(/LWN DIATA/CEI A)NTOYO/MEQA TA\ QEI=A E)NARGW=S. @*)/ETI DE/ TIS KAI\ E)N KEFALAI/W| DU/NAIT' A)\N KATIDEI=N TH\N €PROSH/KOUSAN TA/CIN TW=N DIALO/GWN TH=| KATA\ *PLA/TWNA DIDASKA-€LI/A| TW=| TA\ *PLA/TWNOS AI(ROUME/NW|. A)NAGKAI/OU GA\R O)/NTOS QEATA\S €GENE/SQAI KAI\ TH=S E(AUTOU= YUXH=S KAI\ TW=N QEI/WN KAI\ TW=N QEW=N €AU)TW=N KAI\ TOU= KALLI/STOU NOU= TUXEI=N, DEI= PRW=TON ME\N E)KKA-€QA=RAI TA\S YEUDEI=S DO/CAS TW=N U(POLH/YEWN: OU)DE\ GA\R OI( I)ATROI\ €NENOMI/KASI, PRO/TERON TH=S PROSFEROME/NHS TROFH=S A)POLAU=SAI TO\ €SW=MA DU/NASQAI, EI) MH\ TA\ E)MPODI/ZONTA E)N TOU/TW| TIS E)KBA/LLEI. €META\ DE\ TO\ E)KKAQA=RAI E)PEGEI/REIN KAI\ PROKALEI=SQAI DEI= TA\S €FUSIKA\S E)NNOI/AS, KAI\ TAU/TAS E)KKAQAI/REIN KAI\ EU)KRINEI=S A)PO-€FAI/NEIN W(S A)RXA/S. E)PI\ TOU/TOIS W(S PROKATESKEUASME/NHS TH=S YUXH=S €DEI= AU)TH=| TA\ OI)KEI=A E)MPOIEI=N DO/GMATA, KAQ' A(\ TELEIOU=TAI, TAU=TA €DE/ E)STI FUSIKA\ KAI\ QEOLOGIKA\ KAI\ TA\ H)QIKA\ KAI\ POLITIKA/: I(/NA €%2DE\%2 TA\ DO/GMATA ME/NH| E)N TH=| YUXH=| A)NAPO/DRASTA, DEH/SEI AU)TA\ €DEQH=NAI TW=| TH=S AI)TI/AS LOGISMW=|, I(/NA TIS BEBAI/WS E)/XHTAI TOU= €PROKEIME/NOU SKOPOU=. E)PI\ TOU/TOIS DEI= PEPORI/SQAI TO\ A)PARALO/-€GISTON, I(/NA MH\ U(PO/ TINOS SOFISTOU= PARENEXQE/NTES TRE/YWMEN €E)PI\ TA\ XEI/RW TH\N E(AUTW=N E)/CIN. I(/NA OU)=N E)KBA/LLWMEN TA\S YEUDEI=S €DO/CAS, DEH/SEI E)NTUGXA/NEIN *PLA/TWNOS TOI=S TOU= PEIRASTIKOU= XA-€RAKTH=ROS DIALO/GOIS, E)/XOUSI TO\ E)LEGKTIKO\N KAI\ TO\ LEGO/MENON €KAQARTIKO/N: I(/NA DE/ TIS TA\S FUSIKA\S E)NNOI/AS EI)S FW=S PROKALE/-€SAITO, TOI=S TOU= MAIEUTIKOU= XARAKTH=ROS DIALO/GOIS DEH/SEI E)NTUG-€XA/NEIN: TOU=TO GA/R E)STIN AU)TOI=S I)/DION. I(/NA DE/ TIS TA\ OI)KEI=A DO/G-€MATA PARALA/BH|, TOI=S TOU= U(FHGHTIKOU= XARAKTH=ROS DIALO/GOIS €DEH/SEI E)NTUGXA/NEIN: TOU=TO GA/R E)STIN AU)TW=N I)/DION, EI)/ GE E)N TOU/- @1€TOIS E)STI\ ME\N TA\ FUSIKA\ DO/GMATA, E)STI\ DE\ KAI\ TA\ H)QIKA\ KAI\ TA\ €POLITIKA\ KAI\ OI)KONOMIKA/, W(=N TA\ ME\N E)PI\ QEWRI/AN KAI\ TO\N QEW-€RHTIKO\N BI/ON E)/XEI TH\N A)NAFORA/N, TA\ D' E)PI\ PRA=CIN KAI\ TO\N €PRAKTIKO\N BI/ON, A)/MFW DE\ TAU=TA E)PI\ TO\ O(MOIWQH=NAI QEW=|. I(/NA €DE\ TA\ DEQE/NTA A)/FUKTA H(MI=N U(PA/RXH|, TOI=S TOU= LOGIKOU= XARA-€KTH=ROS DIALO/GOIS, O)/NTOS KAI\ AU)TOU= ZHTHTIKOU=, DEH/SEI E)NTUGXA/-€NEIN: E)/XOUSI GA\R TA/S TE DIAIRETIKA\S KAI\ O(RISTIKA\S MEQO/DOUS €KAI\ PRO/S GE A)NALUTIKA\S KAI\ SULLOGISTIKA/S, DI' W(=N TA\ ME\N A)LH-€QH= A)PODEI/KNUTAI, TA\ DE\ YEUDH= E)LE/GXETAI. PRO\S DE\ TOU/TOIS E)PEI\ €KAI\ DEI= A)PARALOGI/STOUS A)PO\ SOFISTW=N EI)=NAI, TOI=S TOU= E)PIDEIKTI-€KOU= KAI\ A)NATREPTIKOU= XARAKTH=ROS DIALO/GOIS E)NTEUCO/MEQA: E)N €OI(=S E)/STIN E)KMAQEI=N, O(/PWS TE DEI= E)PAI/+EIN TW=N SOFISTW=N KAI\ O(/PWS €AU)TOI=S KAI\ O(/NTINA TRO/PON PROSFE/RESQAI KAKOURGOU=SI PERI\ TOU\S €LO/GOUS. @1 ðþ