{1*O*L*U*M*P*I*O*D*W*R*O*U *F*I*L*O*S*O*F*O*U *E*I*S *T*A *P*R*O*L*E*G*O*M*E*N*A *T*H*S *L*O*G*I*K*H*S.}1 {1<20[2*QEWRI/A A#.]2>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ PHGH=S E)QE/LOMEN A)POLAU/EIN A)GAQW=N, SPOUDH\ PARA\ H(MI=N TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AS A)NTE/XESQAI, TH=| TW=N A)GAQW=N A)RXH=| XORHGOU/SHS TO\ ZH=N, OU)X H(/KISTA DE\ KAI\ FWTEINH\N DIA/NOIAN PODHGOU/SHS EI)S TH\N TW=N ZHTOUME/NWN A)KRI/BEIAN: FE/RE PRO\S KATO/RQWSIN TOU= POQOUME/NOU, TRIW=N TINWN A(/MA A)RXO/MENOI, TW=N *KATHGORIW=N, TH=S LOGIKH=S, TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILO-SOFI/AS, E(KA/STOU TOU/TWN TA\ PROLAMBANO/MENA ZHTH/SWMEN [TOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS], TOU=T' E)/STI TW=N *KATHGORIW=N KAI\ TH=S MEQO/DOU, FHMI\ DE\ TH=S LOGIKH=S, KAI\ TH=S E)PISTH/MHS, TOU=T' E)/STI TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AS. DIA\ ME\N OU)=N TA\S *KATHGORI/AS, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ SU/GGRAMMA, ZHTH/SWMEN E(/C TINA, PA/NTOTE EI)W-QO/TA PANTO\S BIBLI/OU PROLE/GESQAI, TO\N SKOPO/N FHMI KAI\ TO\ XRH/SIMON KAI\ TH\N TA/CIN, TH\N E)PIGRAFH/N, TO\N SUGGRAFE/A, TH\N DIASKEUH\N TOU= BIBLI/OU. DIA\ DE\ TH\N ME/QODON, TOU=T' E)/STI TH\N LOGIKH/N, ZHTH/SWMEN PO/TERON ME/ROS H)\ O)/RGANON TH=S FILOSOFI/AS H( LOGIKH/. DIA\ DE\ PA=SAN TH\N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILO-SOFI/AN DE/KA TINA/: PRW=TON ME\N PO/QEN TA\ O)NO/MATA TW=N AI(RE/SEWN, DEU/TERON TI/S H( DIAI/RESIS TW=N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS SUGGRAMMA/TWN, TRI/TON PO/QEN DEI= TW=N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS BIBLI/WN POIH/SASQAI TH\N A)RXH/N, TE/TARTON TI/S O( TOU/TWN BAQMO\S KAI\ DIA\ TI/NWN E)PI\ TO\ TAU/THS TE/LOS POREUO/MEQA, PE/MPTON TI/ TO\ A)NAFAINO/-MENON XRH/SIMON E)K TOU= TE/LOUS TH=S FILOSOFI/AS, E(/KTON POI=ON DEI= EI)=NAI TO\N A)KROW/MENON TW=N *)ARISTOTELIKW=N SUGGRAMMA/TWN, E(/BDOMON POI=ON DEI= EI)=NAI TO\N E)CHGOU/MENON, O)/GDOON TI/NOS XA/RIN A)SA/FEIAN E)PETH/DEUSEN O( FILO/SOFOS, E)/NATON TI/ TO\ EI)=DOS TH=S A)PAGGELI/AS KAQE/STHKEN, DE/KATON PO/SA KAI\ TI/NA DEI= E(KA/STOU SUGGRA/MMATOS PROLE/GESQAI. @*OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ TOU=TON [2TO\N]2 SKOPO\N E)/XOMEN, TW=N PROTEQE/NTWN TRIW=N ZHTH=-SAI TA\ PROLAMBANO/MENA, ZHTHTE/ON KAI\ E)N AU)TOI=S TOU/TOIS PO/QEN DEI= TH\N A)RXH\N @1 POIH/SASQAI TH=S DIDASKALI/AS, A)=RA A)PO\ PROTE/RWN TW=N *KATHGORIW=N, A)=RA A)PO\ TH=S MEQO/DOU, H)\ A)P' OU)DETE/ROU, A)LLA\ MA=LLON A)PO\ TW=N PROLAMBANOME/NWN TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AS. LE/GW TOI/NUN O(/TI DEI= PROHGEI=SQAI TA\ ZHTOU/-MENA KATA\ TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AS H)/PER TA\ TW=N *KATHGORIW=N KAI\ TH=S MEQO/DOU DIA\ DU/O AI)TI/AS TINA/S, DIA\ TA\S E)PISTH/MAS KAI\ TA\S TE/XNAS: ZHLWTAI\ GA\R TOU/TWN GINO/MEQA, TW=N ME\N E)PISTHMW=N, DIO/TI FI/LON AU)TAI=S A)PO\ TW=N KAQOLIKWTE/RWN POIEI=SQAI TH\N A)RXH/N, O(/PER KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S FILOSOFI/AS EU(RI/SKOMEN: KAI\ GA\R AU(/TH KAQOLIKWTE/RA ME/N E)STI TH=S LOGIKH=S, H( DE\ LOGIKH\ TW=N *KATH-GORIW=N. TW=N DE\ TEXNW=N ZHLWTAI\ GINO/MEQA A)RXO/MENOI A)PO\ TW=N PROLAMBANO-ME/NWN TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AS, E)PEIDH\ O(\N TRO/PON E)KEI=NAI TO\ TE/LOS TH=S QEWRI/AS A)RXH\N POIOU=SI TH=S PRA/CEWS, W(S E)/XEI, EI) TU/XOI, E)PI\ OI)KODO/MOU OI)KODOMOU=NTOS OI)=KON, OU(/TW KAI\ H(MEI=S A)PO\ TW=N *KATHGORIW=N TH\N A)RXH\N POIH-SA/MENOI A)NH/LQOMEN E)PI\ TH\N LOGIKH/N, A)PO\ DE\ TH=S LOGIKH=S E)PI\ TH\N *)ARISTO-TE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AN, O(/PER TE/LOS ME\N GE/GONE TH=S QEWRI/AS A)RXH\ DE\ GENH/SETAI TH=S PRA/CEWS. OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ E)/DOCEN H(MI=N KAI\ KALW=S E)/DOCEN TH\N A)RXH\N POIH/SASQAI A)PO\ TW=N PROLAMBANOME/NWN TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AS, DEI= DE\ TA\ DE/KA E)KEI=NA PRW=TON FANERA\ GENE/SQAI TA\ H)/DH EI)RHME/NA, PRW=TON ME\N TO\ PO/QEN TA\ O)NO/MATA TW=N AI(RE/SEWN, DEU/TERON DE\ TI/S H( DIAI/RESIS TW=N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS SUGGRAMMA/TWN, KAI\ TRI/TON TI/S H( A)RXH/, TE/TARTON TI/S H( O(DO/S, PE/MPTON TI/ TO\ TE/LOS, E(/KTON TO\ POI=ON DEI= EI)=NAI TO\N A)KROW/MENON, E(/BDOMON POI=ON DEI= EI)=NAI TO\N E)CHGOU/MENON, O)/GDOON TI/ TO\ EI)=DOS TH=S A)PAGGELI/AS, E)/NATON DIA\ TI/ A)SA/FEIAN E)PETH/DEUSEN, DE/KATON PO/SA KAI\ POI=A DEI= PROLAMBA/NESQAI E(KA/STOU *)ARISTOTELIKOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS, FE/RE ZHTH/SWMEN EU)LO/GWS DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN MH/TE PLEI/ONA MH/TE E)LA/TTONA TW=N DE/KA O)FEI/LEI ZHTEI=SQAI. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ TOU=TON E)/XOMEN TO\N SKOPO/N, DIAIRETIKH=| TINI MEQO/DW| U(POBA/LLWMEN TO\N LO/GON DEIKNU/NTES A)NAGKAI=A EI)=NAI PRO\S ZH/THSIN TAU=TA MO/NA TA\ DE/KA, E)KEI=NO E)N NW=| E)/XONTES TO\ TOU= QEI/OU *PLA/TWNOS A)PO/FQEGMA TO\ LE/GON O(/TI TH\N DIAIRETIKH\N ME/QODON OU)DE\N KAUXH/SETAI FUGO/N. H( FILOSOFI/A TOI/NUN KAI\ O)NO-MA/ZETAI KAI\ U(FE/STHKEN. KAI\ DIO/TI ME\N O)NOMA/ZETAI, POIEI= TO\ PRW=TON KEFA/-LAION, E)N W(=| ZHTOU=MEN PO/QEN TA\ O)NO/MATA TW=N AI(RE/SEWN. KAQO\ DE\ U(FE/STHKEN, H)\ KAQ' AU(TH\N H)\ E)N SXE/SEI QEWREI=TAI. KAI\ E)N SXE/SEI TINI\ QEWROUME/NH, H)\ PRO\S E(AUTH\N H)\ PRO\S H(MA=S. KAI\ PRO\S E(AUTH\N H)\ KATA\ DIAI/RESIN H)\ KATA\ SUNE/XEIAN. KAI\ DIO/TI ME\N E)N DIAIRE/SEI E)STI/N, ZHTOU=MEN TO\ DEU/TERON KEFA/-LAION, TI/S H( DIAI/RESIS TW=N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS SUGGRAMMA/TWN, DIO/TI DE\ E)N SUN-EXEI/A| E)STI/, POIEI= TA\ TRI/A KEFA/LAIA, TI/S H( A)RXH/, TI/S H( O(DO/S, TI/ TO\ TE/LOS: KAI\ EI)KO/TWS TRI/A, DIO/TI PA=SA SUNE/XEIA KAI\ A)RXH\N E)/XEI KAI\ ME/SON KAI\ TE/LOS. O(/TE DE\ PRO\S H(MA=S E)/XEI TH\N SXE/SIN, PA/NTWS H)\ PRO\S TO\N MANQA/NONTA E)/XEI H)\ PRO\S TO\N DIDA/SKONTA, KAI\ POIEI= DU/O KEFA/LAIA, E(\N ME\N TO\ LE/GON POI=ON DEI= EI)=NAI TO\N A)KROW/MENON, DEU/TERON DE\ TO\ POI=ON DEI= EI)=NAI TO\N E)CHGOU/MENON. EI) DE\ KAQ' E(AUTH/N E)STI, KAI\ LE/CIN E)/XEI KAI\ DIA/NOIAN: KAQO\ ME\N OU)=N LE/CIN E)/XEI, POIEI= A)/LLA DU/O TINA\ KEFA/LAIA, POI=O/N TI TO\ EI)=DOS TH=S A)PAGGELI/AS KAI\ DIA\ @1 TI/ A)SA/FEIAN E)PETH/DEUSEN O( FILO/SOFOS. KAQO\ DE\ DIA/NOIAN E)/XEI, POIEI= TO\ TELEUTAI=ON KEFA/LAION, TO\ ZHTOU=N PO/SA KAI\ POI=A DEI= PROLAMBA/NESQAI E)PI\ TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AS E(KA/STOU *)ARISTOTELIKOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS. OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ E)DEI/CAMEN A)NAGKAI=A DE/KA MO/NON O)/NTA TA\ ZHTOU/MENA TH=| DIAIRETIKH=| MEQO/DW|, FE/RE E)PECE/LQWMEN E(/KASTON TW=N EI)RHME/NWN POLUPRAGMONOU=NTES TH\N FU/SIN AU)TOU=. KAI\ TE/WS E)PECE/LQWMEN TW=| PRW/TW| KEFALAI/W| TW=| PARAG-GE/LLONTI DEI=N ZHTH=SAI PO/QEN TA\ O)NO/MATA TW=N AI(RE/SEWN TW=N FILOSO/FWN. @*LAMBA/NONTAI TOI/NUN E(PTAXW=S TA\ O)NO/MATA TW=N FILOSO/FWN AI(RE/SEWN: H)\ A)PO\ TW=N AI(RESIARXW=N, H)\ A)PO\ TH=S PATRI/DOS TOU= AI(RESIA/RXOU, H)\ E)K TOU= TO/POU E)/NQA E)PAI/DEUON, H)\ E)K TOU= EI)/DOUS KAI\ TOU= TRO/POU TH=S ZWH=S, H)\ E)K TOU= TRO/POU TH=S GNW/SEWS, TOU=T' E)/STIN A)PO\ TH=S E)N TW=| FILOSOFEI=N KRI/SEWS, H)\ A)PO/ TINOS SUMBEBHKO/TOS, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= TE/LOUS. A)PO\ ME\N TW=N AI(RESIARXW=N, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN *PUQAGOREI/OUS, *DHMOKRITEI/OUS, *)EPIKOUREI/OUS E)/K TE *PUQAGO/ROU KAI\ *DHMOKRI/TOU KAI\ *)EPIKOU/ROU, OI(/TINES TH=S TOU/TWN PROKATH/RCANTO AI(RE/SEWS. A)PO\ DE\ TH=S PATRI/DOS TW=N PROKATARCAME/NWN, W(S H( *KURHNAI+KH\ LE/GETAI FILOSOFI/A A)PO\ *)ARISTI/PPOU TOU= *KURHNAI+KOU= KAI\ *)ERETRIAKH\ A)PO\ *MENEDH/MOU TOU= *)ERETRIE/WS KAI\ *MEGARIKH\ FILOSOFI/A A)PO\ *EU)KLEI/DOU KAI\ *TERYI/WNOS TW=N *MEGARE/WN. A)PO\ DE\ TOU= TO/POU E)/NQA E)PAI/DEUON, W(S *STWI+KOI\ O)NOMA/ZONTAI DIA\ TO\ E)N TH=| POIKI/LH| STOA=| *ZH/NWNA DIATRI/BONTA PAIDEU/EIN, E)KEI=SE E)/NQEN KAI\ TH\N E)PWNUMI/AN H( TOU/TOU LE/LHXEN AI(/RESIS. A)PO\ DE\ TOU= EI)/DOUS TH=S ZWH=S, W(/SPER OI( *KUNIKOI\ FILO/SOFOI. *KUNIKOI\ DE\ E)KLH/QHSAN FILO/SOFOI DIA\ DU/O TINA\S AI)TI/AS: H)\ O(/TI A(PLW=S KAI\ W(S E)/TUXEN E)/ZWN, DI/KHN KUNW=N E)SQI/ONTES E)P' A)GORA=| KAI\ PI/NONTES KAI\ E)N PI/QOIS KAQEU/DONTES KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N TA\ A)/LLA A)PROFU/-LAKTON POIOU=NTES, A)RNOU/MENOI KREI=TTON EI)=NAI TO\ QE/SEI KALO\N TOU= FU/SEI KALOU=, H)\ DIO/TI W(/SPER KU/NES U(LAKTOU=SIN ME\N PRO\S TOU\S CE/NOUS SAI/NOUSI DE\ PRO\S TOU\S OI)KEI/OUS, OU(/TW KAI\ OU(=TOI TOU\S ME\N A)CI/OUS FILOSOFI/AS A)PEDE/XONTO KAI\ PROQU/MWS H)GA/PWN TOU\S DE\ A)NACI/OUS FILOSOFI/AS KAI\ MH\ DUNAME/NOUS E)NTO\S GENE/SQAI AU)TH=S LO/GW| A)PWQOU=NTO KAI\ E)DI/WKON. TOU/TOU OU)=N XA/RIN DIA\ TO\ PARRHSIASTIKO\N KAI\ E)LEGKTIKO\N *KUNIKOI\ W)NOMA/SQHSAN: A)ME/LEI TOI KAI\ O( *PLA/TWN FHSI\ PERI\ AU)TW=N "3E)/XEI DE/ TI KAI\ O( KU/WN FILO/SOFON"3. A)PO\ DE\ TOU= TRO/POU TH=S GNW/SEWS, TOU=T' E)/STIN A)PO\ TH=S E)N TW=| FILOSOFEI=N KRI/SEWS, W)NO-MA/SQHSAN AI(RE/SEIS, W(/SPER FAME\N TOU\S *)EFEKTIKOU/S, OI(/TINES PERI\ TH\N TW=N PRAGMA/TWN FU/SIN KATAGIGNO/MENOI KAI\ TAU/THN ZHTOU=NTES KAI\ MH\ DUNHQE/NTES TAU/THN KATORQW=SAI A)KATALHYI/AN E)NO/OUN. PRO\S E)PI\ TAU/TH| DE\ E)/LEGON KAI\ O(/TI TO\ DOKOU=N E(KA/STW| TOU=TO A)LHQE/S E)STI. TOU/TWN KAI\ H( TRI/POUS H( KALOU-ME/NH *)APO/LLWNOS H)=N. TRI/POUS DE\ *)APO/LLWNOS E)LE/GETO, DIO/TI PERI\ PANTO\S PRA/GMATOS E)RWTW/MENOI TH\N A)PO/KRISIN E)POIOU=NTO TRIPLH=N, LE/GONTES H)\ A)MFO/TERA EI)=NAI H)\ OU)DE/TERON H)\ TO\ E(/TERON, OI(=ON W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ TH=S YUXH=S: E)RWTW/MENOI @1 GA/R, EI) TU/XOI, TI/ E)STIN H( YUXH/, QNHTH\ H)\ A)QA/NATOS, A)POKRI/NONTAI LE/GONTES O(/TI H)\ A)MFO/TERA, TOU=T' E)/STI QNHTH\ KAI\ A)QA/NATOS, H)\ OU)DE/TERON, OU)DE\ QNHTH\ OU)DE\ A)QA/NATOS, H)\ TO\ E(/TERON: KAI\ TOU=TO DIXW=S, H)\ QNHTH\ H)\ A)QA/NATOS. TAU=TA TOI/NUN E)KEI/NWN LEGO/NTWN O( QEI=OS *PLA/TWN KAI\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)LE/GXOIS DUSW-POU=SIN TH\N AI(/RESIN TOU/TWN, O( ME\N *PLA/TWN LE/GWN OU(/TWS: U(MEI=S OI( PRE-SBEU/ONTES A)KATALHYI/AN H)\ E)PE/GNWTE O(/TI E)/STIN A)KATALHYI/A H)\ OU)K E)/GNWTE: EI) ME\N OU)=N MH\ E)/GNWTE, PW=S U(MI=N PISTEU/SWMEN A)PO\ GNA/QWN A)POFAINOME/NOIS; EI) DE\ E)/GNWTE O(/TI A)KATALHYI/A E)/STIN, I)DOU\ PA/LIN E)/STI KATA/LHYIS: KATELA/BETE GA\R O(/TI E)/STIN A)KATALHYI/A. O( DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS PRO\S *PRWTAGO/RAN OI)O/MENON, W(S EI)/RHTAI, TO\ DOKOU=N E(KA/STW| TOU=TO A)LHQE\S EI)=NAI, TAUTI/ FHSIN: EI)/ TE YEU/DETAI *PRW-TAGO/RAS, YEU/DETAI, EI)/ TE A)LHQEU/EI *PRWTAGO/RAS, YEU/DETAI: EI)/ [2TE]2 GA\R YEU/DETAI LE/GWN *PRWTAGO/RAS A)KATALHYI/AN, YEU/DETAI, EI)/ TE A)LHQEU/EI *PRWTAGO/RAS LE/GWN O(/TI PA=S O(STISOU=N PRESBEU/EI TI PERI/ TINOS A)LHQEU/EI, DOCA/ZOMEN DE\ H(MEI=S O(/TI E)/STI KATA/LHYIS, OU)KOU=N DH=LON O(/TI A)LHQW=S KAI\ E)/STI KATA/LHYIS: EI) DE\ E)/STI KATA/LHYIS, YEU/DETAI *PRWTAGO/RAS. O( DE\ *GALHNO\S E)LE/GXEI TOU/TOUS A)PO\ TH=S E)NARGEI/AS, LE/GWN O(/TI "3EI) MH\ E)/STI KATA/LHYIS KAI\ E)/STI W(RISME/NH H( FU/SIS TW=N PRAGMA/TWN, TI/ DH/POTE U(/DWR ME\N ZHTOU=NTES OU)K E)PI\ KA/MINON BADIOU/-MEQA, TROFH\N DE\ O(MOI/WS ZHTOU=NTES OU)K E)PI\ QA/LATTAN BADIOU/MEQA;"3 A)LL' E)PEIDH\ I(KANOI\ E)/LEGXOI EI)/RHNTAI PRO\S AU)TOU/S, FE/RE ZHTH/SWMEN A)PO\ POI/AS E)NNOI/AS O(RMW/MENOI E)PRE/SBEUSAN A)KATALHYI/AN EI)=NAI. FAME\N TOI/NUN W(S TOIOU/-TWN LO/GWN KEXRHME/NOI E)PRE/SBEUON A)KATALHYI/AN: E)/LEGON GA\R W(S DEI= TO\ GIGNW=SKON E)FARMO/ZEIN TW=| GIGNWSKOME/NW|: A)LL' EI) ME/LLOI, FASI/N, E)FARMO/ZEIN TO\ GIGNW=SKON TW=| GIGNWSKOME/NW|, DEI= STA/SIMON EI)=NAI KAI\ BE/BAION KAI\ A)EI\ W(SAU/TWS E)/XON TO\ GIGNWSKO/MENON: EI) DE\ KAI\ KINOI=TO, DEI= SUGKINEI=SQAI KAI\ METABAI/NEIN TO\ GIGNW=SKON META\ TOU= GIGNWSKOME/NOU. A)LLA\ MH\N TA\ ME\N GIGNWSKO/MENA, TOU=T' E)/STI TA\ PRA/GMATA, R(EUSTA\ KAI\ META/BLHTA KAI\ OU) MO/NIMA TUGXA/NEI, H( DE\ YUXH\ H( TAU=TA GIGNW/SKOUSA OU)/TE KINEI=TAI OU)/TE SUNAKOLOUQEI= TOU/TOIS: DH=LON A)/RA O(/TI OU)K E)/STI KATA/LHYIS. TAU/THS ME\N OU)=N TH=S E)NNOI/AS E)XO/MENOI TOIOU/TW| LO/GW| E)KE/XRHNTO PRO\S PI/STIN TH=S MOXQHRA=S AU)TW=N AI(RE/SEWS. E)/STI DE\ EI)PEI=N PRO\S AU)TOU\S W(S OU)K O)RQA\ PRESBEU/ETE MH\ LE/GONTES SUGKINEI=SQAI TOI=S PRA/GMASI TH\N YUXH/N: O(/TI ME\N GA\R OU)K E)/XEI STA/SIN TA\ GENNHTA\ KAI\ FQARTA\ DH=LON, W(S KAI\ AU)TH\ H( FU/SIS TW=N PRAGMA/TWN MARTUREI= KAI\ E)/TI ME/NTOI GE TO\ A)PO/FQEGMA/ TINOS A)RXAI/OU TO\ LE/GON O(/TI O(\N TRO/PON A)DU/NATO/N E)STIN E)N TW=| AU)TW=| POTAMW=| DI\S E)MBH=NAI KATA\ TO\N AU)TO\N XRO/NON KATA\ TO\ AU)TO\ U(POKEI/MENON [1KAI\ TI/ LE/GW, FHSI\N E(/TEROS, [EI)=PEN] O(/TI OU) DUNATO\N DI\S E)MBH=NAI EI)S TO\ AU)TO\ U(/DWR, O(/POU GE KAI\ OU)DE\ A)/PAC; A)/LLW| GA\R U(/DATI KLU/- @1ZONTAI ME/N, EI) TU/XOI, DA/KTULOI A)/LLW| DE\ POU/S]1, OU(/TWS OU)DE\ TA\ PRA/GMATA DUNATO\N STA/SIN E)/XEIN, A)LLA\ METABA/LLESQAI A)EI/. TH\N DE\ YUXH\N EU(RI/SKOMEN O(/TI MH\ MO/NON KATO/PIN E)RXOME/NHN TW=N PRAGMA/TWN A)LLA\ KAI\ TH=| O)CU/THTI TH=S KINH/SEWS E)/STIN O(/TE KAI\ PROLAMBA/NOUSAN, W(S DHLOU=SIN AI( MANTEI=AI KAI\ AI( PRORRH/SEIS TW=N H(LIAKW=N, EI) TU/XOI, E)KLEI/YEWN: TAU=TA GA\R SHMEI=A/ E)STI PRO-GIGNWSKOU/SHS YUXH=S TA\ PRA/GMATA. @*OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N A)PO\ TOU= TRO/POU TH=S GNW/SEWS O)NOMA/ZONTAI AI(RE/SEIS. E)/STI DE\ O(/TI A)PO\ TOU= TE/LOUS E)KALOU=NTO AI( AI(RE/SEIS, W(S OI( KALOU/MENOI *(HDONI-KOI/: OU(=TOI GA\R TE/LOS TIQE/MENOI EI)=NAI TH\N H(DONH\N TH=S FILOSOFI/AS KAI\ PA/N-TWN TW=N O)/NTWN, H(DONH\N DE\ OU) TH\N AI)SXRA\N OU)/TE TH\N TOI=S POLLOI=S E)GNW-SME/NHN, METEILH/FASI TOU= O)NO/MATOS KAI\ E)KALOU=NTO *(HDONIKOI/. A)LL' I)STE/ON O(/TI OU) KALW=S TH\N H(DONH\N E)TI/QENTO TE/LOS EI)=NAI: TE/LOS GA/R E)STIN H( EU)DAIMONI/A. H( DE\ EU)DAIMONI/A TRIXW=S QEWREI=TAI: KAI\ PERI\ YUXH/N, O(/TI E)PANQEI= TAU/TH| H( A)LH/QEIA KAI\ H( DIKAIOSU/NH, KAI\ PERI\ SW=MA, O(/TI EU)ECI/AS METE/XEI PRO\S TO\ TAI=S YUXIKAI=S U(POURGEI=N A)RETAI=S, KAI\ PRO\S TA\ E)KTO/S, O(/TI %2%2 TIS EU)DAI/MWN KAQE/STHKEN. H(MEI=S DE\ TH\N H(DONH\N OU) TE/LOS FAME\N A)LLA\ TW=| TE/LEI E(PO-ME/NHN, W(/SPER TH\N SKIA\N LE/GOMEN E(/PESQAI TOI=S FWTIZOME/NOIS SW/MASIN, O(PO/TAN MH\ KATA\ KORUFH=S H)=| O( H(/LIOS. A)PO\ DE\ SUMBEBHKO/TOS FAME\N O)NOMA/ZESQAI TA\S AI(RE/SEIS, W(S *PERIPATHTIKOU/S FAMEN. *PERIPATHTIKOI\ DE\ W)NOMA/SQHSAN A)PO/ TINOS AI)TI/AS TOIOU=TON E)XOU/SHS TO\N TRO/PON: O( QEI=OS *PLA/TWN OI)O/MENOS E)/XEIN TO\ SW=MA U(GIE\S KAI\ A)NEMPO/DISTON PRO\S TA\S TH=S YUXH=S E)NERGEI/AS, KINOU/-MENOS TH\N PRO\S TOU\S E(TAI/ROUS E)POIEI=TO SUNOUSI/AN. TELEUTH/SANTOS DE\ TOU/TOU DIEDE/CANTO TH\N DIATRIBH\N AU)TOU= *CENOKRA/THS KAI\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS, [KAI\] OI( TOU/-TOU MAQHTAI/. KAI\ O( ME\N *CENOKRA/THS E)PAI/DEUEN E)N *)AKADHMI/A| KAI\ E)LE/GETO META\ TW=N SU\N AU)TW=| *)AKADHMAI+KO\S *PERIPATHTIKO/S, O( DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)N TW=| *LUKEI/W| KAI\ E)LE/GETO META\ TW=N SU\N AU)TW=| *LU/KEIOS *PERIPATHTIKO/S. U(/STERON TOI=S ME\N *CENOKRA/TOUS E)/LEIYEN H( E)NE/RGEIA KAI\ E)KLH/QHSAN MO/NWS *)AKADHMAI+KOI/, TOI=S DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LOUS O( TO/POS KAI\ E)KLH/QHSAN MO/NWS *PERIPATHTIKOI/. KAI\ EI)KO/TWS OU)K E)/LEIYEN H( E)NE/RGEIA TOU/TOIS: E)/PREPEN GA\R *)ARISTOTE/LEI TW=N DOG-MA/TWN TOU= DIDASKA/LOU A)NA/PLEW| O)/NTI KAI\ TH=S PROSHGORI/AS AU)TOU= TUXEI=N. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS PLHROU=TAI KAI\ H( E)PWNUMI/A TW=N FILOSO/FWN AI(RE/SEWN E(PTAXW=S LHFQEI=SA. KAI\ I(/NA DEI/CWMEN O(/TI OU)DE\ PLE/ON OU)DE\ E)/LATTON DU/NATOI EI)=NAI H( E)PWNUMI/A TW=N FILOSO/FWN AI(RE/SEWN, PROE/LQWMEN E)K DIAIRE/SEWS OU(/TWS: H( E)PWNUMI/A TW=N FILOSO/FWN AI(RE/SEWN LAMBA/NETAI H)\ A)PO\ SUMBEBHKO/TOS H)\ A)PO\ DIANOI/AS. A)PO\ SUMBEBHKO/TOS, W(/SPER OI( *PERIPATHTIKOI/, A)PO\ DE\ DIANOI/AS H)\ A)PO\ PROSW/POU H)\ A)PO\ PRAGMA/TWN. KAI\ A)PO\ PROSW/POU H)\ A)PO\ O)NOMA/TWN, W(/SPER LE/GONTAI *PUQAGO/REIOI, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= TO/POU E)/NQA E)PAI/DEUON, W(/SPER OI( *STWI+KOI/, H)\ O(/QEN PROH=LQON, W(/SPER OI( *KURHNAI+KOI\ KAI\ *)ERETRIAKOI/. A)PO\ DE\ PRAGMA/TWN H)\ A)PO\ TOU= TRO/POU TH=S ZWH=S, W(/SPER OI( *KUNIKOI/, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= @1 TRO/POU TH=S GNW/SEWS, W(/SPER OI( *)EFEKTIKOI/, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= TE/LOUS, W(/SPER OI( *(HDONIKOI/. KAI\ AU(/TH E)STI\N H( DIAI/RESIS H( DEIKNU/OUSA O(/TI EI)KO/TWS E(PTA/ EI)SIN AI( E)PWNUMI/AI TW=N FILOSO/FWN AI(RE/SEWN. DIO\ KAI\ H(MEI=S TOU= SUMME/TROU STOXAZO/MENOI E)P' AU)TH=| KATAPAU/SWMEN TH\N PAROU=SAN QEWRI/AN. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A B#.]2>20}1 @*TH=| A)PARIQMH/SEI TW=N PROKATAKLHQE/NTWN DE/KA KEFALAI/WN DIANU/SANTES TO\ PRW=TON KEFA/LAION, E)N W(=| MEMAQH/KAMEN PO/QEN TA\ O)NO/MATA TW=N AI(RE/SEWN LAMBA/NETAI, O(/TI E(PTAXW=S, FE/RE KAI\ E)PI\ TO\ DEU/TERON KEFA/LAION O(DEU/SWMEN, E)PI\ TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS SUGGRAMMA/TWN FHMI/. TW=N TOI/NUN SUG-GRAMMA/TWN *)ARISTOTE/LOUS TA\ ME/N E)STI MERIKA\ TA\ DE\ KAQO/LOU TA\ DE\ METACU\ TW=N KAQO/LOU KAI\ TW=N KATA\ ME/ROS. KAI\ E)/STI MERIKA\ ME\N O(/SA PRO/S TINAS I)DI/A| GE/GRAPTAI, OI(=AI/ EI)SIN AI( E)PISTOLAI/, A(/STINAS *)ANDRO/NIKO/S TE KAI\ *)ARTE/MWN SUNH/GAGON. KAQO/LOU DE/ E)STI SUGGRA/MMATA E)N OI(=S TH\N TW=N PRAGMA/TWN FU/SIN ZHTEI=. METACU\ DE\ OI(=AI/ EI)SIN AI( I(STORI/AI, OI(/A E)STI\N H( *PERI\ ZW/|WN I(STORI/A KAI\ AI( *POLITEI=AI SN# OU)=SAI TO\N A)RIQMO/N, E)N AI(=S TO\N BI/ON *)AQHNAI/WN KAI\ A)/LLWN TINW=N DIHGEI=TAI. KAI\ MH\ LEGE/TW TIS PRO\S H(MA=S A)PORW=N TI/ DH/POTE GE/GRAPTAI TW=| FILOSO/FW| TOIAU=TA SUGGRA/MMATA: E)RW= GA\R PRO\S AU)TO\N O(/TI KAI\ TOU=TO TH=S E)KEI/NOU FILANQRWPI/AS SHMEI=ON KAQE/STHKEN: TA\S GA\R POLITEI/AS TW=N PROTE/RWN E)CE/QETO, I(/NA TW=N METAGENESTE/RWN TINE\S E)NTUGXA/NONTES KAI\ KRI/NONTES E)N TI/SI ME\N XRHSTW=S E)POLITEU/SANTO E)N TI/SI DE\ OU) XRHSTW=S, TA\ ME\N E(/LWNTAI TA\ DE\ FU/GWSIN. A)LLA\ TOI=S METACU\ KAI\ TOI=S MERIKOI=S XAI/REIN EI)RHKO/TES, TRAPW/MEQA E)PI\ TA\ KAQO/LOU, TOU/TWN TH\N DIAI/RESIN POLUPRAGMONOU=NTES. TOU/-TWN TOI/NUN TW=N KAQO/LOU TA\ ME/N E)STI U(POMNHMATIKA\ TA\ DE\ SUNTAGMATIKA/. U(POMNHMATIKA\ ME/N E)STI O(/SA KEFALAIWDW=S KAI\ MO/NA EI)SI\N A)POGEGRAMME/NA, A)KALLW/PISTON DE\ TH\N FRA/SIN E)KTH/SANTO: I)STE/ON GA\R O(/TI OI( PALAIOI\ SUGGRA/-YASQAI/ TI BOULO/MENOI, O(/SA PRO\S A)PO/DEICIN HU(/RISKON TOU= PROKEIME/NOU SUG-GRA/MMATOS SUMBALLO/MENA, KEFALAIWDW=S A)PEGRA/FONTO. OU) MH\N A)LLA\ KAI\ TOI=S TW=N PALAIOTE/RWN BIBLI/OIS E)NTUGXA/NONTES POLLA\ TW=N NOHMA/TWN E)KEI=QEN A)FH|ROU=NTO, W(/STE TA\ ME\N A)LHQH= KRATU/NEIN E)CELE/GXEIN DE\ TA\ YEUDH=. KAI\ H( ME\N TW=N U(POMNHMATIKW=N FU/SIS TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON. SUNTAGMATIKA\ DE\ KALOU=MEN O(/SA META\ TW=N NOHMA/TWN KAI\ LE/CIN E)/XEI KEKOSMHME/NHN KAI\ FRA/SIN KEKALLWPISME/NHN PRE/POUSAN TOI=S SUGGRA/MMASIN, W(/STE TOU/TW| DIAFE/REI TA\ U(POMNHMATIKA\ TW=N SUNTAGMATIKW=N TW=| TA\ ME\N A)KALLW/PISTON TH\N FRA/SIN E)/XEIN TA\ DE\ META\ TW=N E)NQUMHMA/TWN TW=N DEO/NTWN KEKALLWPISME/NHN TH\N FRA/SIN E)/XEIN. @1 @*TOU/TWN TOI/NUN TW=N U(POMNHMATIKW=N TA\ ME/N E)STI MONOEIDH= TA\ DE\ POIKI/LA: MONOEIDH= ME\N O(/SA PRO\S E(\N PEPOI/HTAI PRO/SWPON, POIKI/LA DE\ O(/SA PRO\S PLEI/ONA A)POTEI/NETAI PRO/SWPA. TW=N DE\ SUNTAGMATIKW=N TA\ ME/N E)STIN AU)TOPRO/SWPA TA\ DE\ DIALOGIKA/. KAI\ AU)TOPRO/SWPA ME\N O(/SA A)PO\ TOU= I)DI/OU PROSW/POU PROH/NEGKEN, DIALOGIKA\ DE\ O(/SA DRAMATIWDW=S E)STI KATESKEUASME/NA KATA\ PEU=SI/N TE KAI\ A)PO/KRISIN PLEIO/NWN PROSW/PWN. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TA\ DIALOGIKA\ KAI\ E)CWTERIKA\ O)NOMA/ZETAI TA\ DE\ AU)TOPRO/SWPA KAI\ A)KROAMATIKA/, FE/RE EU)LO/GWS ZHTH/SWMEN PO/QEN TH\N TOIAU/THN PROSHGORI/AN E)KTH/SANTO. TINE\S ME\N OU)=N LE/GOU-SIN O(/TI TA\ DIALOGIKA\ KAI\ E)CWTERIKA\ W)NOMA/SQH, DIO/TI TA\ MH\ PRE/PONTA TW=| E(AUTOU= SKOPW=| E)N TOU/TOIS E)KTI/QETAI. OU(/TWS E)/LEGE KAI\ O( *)ALE/CANDROS DIA\ TO\ MH\ BOU/LESQAI AU)TO\N LE/GEIN TH\N YUXH\N A)QA/NATON, KAI\ TAU=TA *)ARISTOTE/LOUS E)KEI=SE BOW=NTOS TH\N A)QANASI/AN TH=S YUXH=S. W(S OU)=N EI)/RHTAI, I(/NA MH\ A)NAGKASQH=| *)ALE/CANDROS LE/GEIN TH\N YUXH\N A)QA/NATON, PRESBEU/WN AU)TH\N EI)=NAI QNHTH/N, E)CW-TERIKA\ E)KEI=NA E)/LEGEN O)NOMA/ZESQAI, E)N OI(=S MH\ TA\ DOKOU=NTA AU)TW=| LE/GEI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N E)KEI=NOI. H(MEI=S DE\ E)LE/GOMEN O(/TI E)CWTERIKA\ TAU=TA W)NO/MASTAI, O(/SA PRO\S TOU\S E)PIPOLAI/WS GE/GRAPTAI KAI\ MH\ GNHSI/WS FILOSOFOU=NTAS. TOIAU=TA DE/ E)STI TA\ E)/XONTA SAFESTE/RAN TH\N FRA/SIN, TA\ MH\ A)PODEIKTIKH=| E)PISTH/MH| U(POBALLO/MENA, A)LLA\ MA=LLON PIQANOI=S LO/GOIS KEKALLWPISME/NA, KAI\ PRO\S E)PI\ TOU/TOIS TH\N A)NA/TASIN E)/XONTA PRO\S E)/NDOCA PRO/SWPA. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N I(KANA\ PERI\ TH=S KLH/SEWS TW=N DIALOGIKW=N, DIA\ TI/ E)CWTERIKA\ KALOU=NTAI. TA\ DE\ AU)TOPRO/SWPA KALOU=NTAI KAI\ A)KROAMATIKA/. TOIOU/TW| DE\ O)NO/MATI PROSHGOREU/QHSAN, DIO/TI MO/NOIS TOI=S E)RASTAI=S FILOSO/FOIS KAI\ POLLOU\S KATORQW/SASIN LO/GOUS PEPOI/HNTAI PRO\S A)KRO/ASIN. @*TOU/TWN TW=N AU)TOPROSW/PWN TA\ ME\N SUMBA/LLONTAI PRO\S AI(/RESIN KAI\ FUGH/N, TOU= ME\N A)GAQOU= AI(/RESIN TOU= DE\ KAKOU= FUGH/N, KAI\ POIOU=SIN TA\ PRA-KTIKA/, TA\ DE\ PRO\S A)LHQEI/AS GNW=SIN KAI\ POIOU=SI TA\ QEWRHTIKA/, TA\ DE\ PRO\S A)MFO/TERA TAU=TA, PRO\S DIA/KRISIN A)LHQEI/AS KAI\ YEU/DOUS FHMI\ KAI\ A)GAQOU= KAI\ KAKOU=, KAI\ POIOU=SI PA/NTA TA\ SUGGRA/MMATA TA\ LOGIKA/. A)PO/ TE OU)=N TW=N QEWRHTIKW=N TE KAI\ TW=N PRAKTIKW=N TH=| DIAIRE/SEI TH=S FILOSOFI/AS KEXRH/MEQA, LE/GONTES O(/TI TW=N QEWRHTIKW=N TA\ ME/N E)STI FUSIKA\ TA\ DE\ QEOLOGIKA\ TA\ DE\ MAQHMATIKA/. FUSIKA\ ME\N OI(/A E)STI\N H( *FUSIKH\ A)KRO/ASIS KAI\ H( *PERI\ GENE/-SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S KAI\ H( *PERI\ OU)RANOU= KAI\ TA\ *METE/WRA KAI\ H( *PERI\ YUXH=S H( KALOUME/NH. MAQHMATIKA\ DE\ OI(=A TA\ *MHXANIKA\ KAI\ *)OPTIKA\ PROBLH/MATA. QEOLOGIKA\ DE\ OI(/A E)STI\N H( *META\ TA\ FUSIKA/. TW=N DE\ PRAKTIKW=N TA\ ME/N E)STIN H)QIKA\ TA\ DE\ OI)KONOMIKA\ TA\ DE\ POLITIKA/. H)QIKA\ ME\N W(S TA\ *EU)DH/MEIA KAI\ TA\ *NIKOMA/XEIA TA\ KALOU/MENA, OI)KONOMIKA\ DE\ W(/SPER O( *OI)KONOMIKO\S AU)TOU= @1 [1GE/GRAPTAI GA\R AU)TW=| *OI)KONOMIKO/S]1, POLITIKA\ DE\ W(/SPER O( *POLITIKO\S AU)TOU= E(/TEROS W)\N PARA\ TA\S SN# POLITEI/AS TA\S EI)RHME/NAS: E)KEI=NAI GA\R OU)/K EI)SIN KAQO/LOU. KAI\ H( ME\N TW=N QEWRHTIKW=N KAI\ PRAKTIKW=N DIAI/RESIS TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON. TW=N DE\ LOGIKW=N SUGGRAMMA/TWN TA\ ME\N AU)TH\N TH\N ME/QODON DIDA/SKEI TA\ DE\ TA\ SUMBALLO/MENA PRO\S TH\N ME/QODON TA\ DE\ [2TA\]2 KAQAI/RONTA TH\N ME/QODON. KAI\ E)/STIN AU)TH\ ME\N H( ME/QODOS H( KALOUME/NH *)APODEIKTIKH/, TA\ *(/USTERA KALOU/MENA A)NALUTIKA/, SUMBALLO/MENA DE\ PRO\S TH\N ME/QODON AI( *KATHGORI/AI, TO\ *PERI\ E(RMHNEI/AS KAI\ TA\ *PRO/TERA A)NALUTIKA/. E)KKAQAI/ROUSI DE\ TH\N ME/QODON OI( *SOFISTIKOI\ E)/LEGXOI KAI\ OI( *TO/POI KAI\ AI( *(RHTORIKAI\ TE/XNAI KAI\ TO\ *PERI\ POIHTIKH=S TO\ KALOU/MENON. @*)ALL' EI) BOU/LESQE, KAI\ TH\N TA/CIN MA/QWMEN TW=N SUMBALLOME/NWN EI)S TH\N A)RXH\N TH=S MEQO/DOU. I)STE/ON TOI/NUN O(/TI SKOPO\N E)/XOMEN E)N TH=| LOGIKH=| TA\S A)PODEI/CEIS MAQEI=N. DIA\ SULLOGISMW=N DE\ TAU/TAS MANQA/NOMEN. O( DE\ SULLOGISMO\S AU)TO/S, W(S KAI\ TO\ O)/NOMA DHLOI=, SULLOGH/ TI/S E)STI LO/GWN. [A(\] DEI= OU)=N PRO\ TH=S SULLOGH=S MAQEI=N TA\ A(PLA=, TOU=T' E)/STI TA\S PROTA/SEIS, PRO\ DE\ TW=N PROTA/SEWN TA\ O)NO/MATA KAI\ TA\ R(H/MATA, E)C W(=N AI( PROTA/SEIS I(/STANTAI. MANQA/NOMEN OU)=N E)K ME\N TW=N *KATHGORIW=N TA\ O)NO/MATA KAI\ TA\ R(H/MATA, E)K DE\ TOU= *PERI\ E(RMHNEI/AS TA\S PROTA/SEIS, E)N DE\ TOI=S *)ANALUTIKOI=S TE/LEION EI)SO/-MEQA TO\N SULLOGISMO/N. E)ZH/THSAN DE/ TINES PRO\S TI/ SUMBA/LLONTAI OI( *SOFI-STIKOI\ E)/LEGXOI KAI\ OI( *TO/POI KAI\ AI( *(RHTORIKAI\ TE/XNAI KAI\ TO\ *PERI\ POIH-TIKH=S, KAI\ DIA\ TI/ TAU=TA E)CE/QETO O( FILO/SOFOS. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI KAQA/PER OI( TW=N *)ASKLHPIADW=N PAI=DES OU) MO/NON TH\N TW=N U(GIEINW=N A)LLA\ KAI\ TH\N TW=N NOSERW=N PAIDEU/ONTAI GNW=SIN U(PE\R TOU= TA\ ME\N E(LEI=N TA\ DE\ FUGEI=N, OU(/TW KAI\ O( FILO/SOFOS GIGNW/SKWN O(/TI PEFU/KASI/ TINES SOFISTIKOI\ SULLOGISMOI\ PEIRW/MENOI TH\N A)LH/QEIAN PERITRE/PEIN KAI\ TAU/THN A)FANI/SAI, DEI=N W)|H/QH TOU/-TOUS PERIQE/SQAI, OU)X I(/NA XRHSW/MEQA TOU/TOIS, A)LL' I(/NA GIGNW/SKONTES MH\ PERIPE/SWMEN TOI=S AU)TOI=S. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON KEFA/LAIO/N E)STIN, E)N W(=| TH\N TW=N *)ARISTOTELIKW=N SUGGRAMMA/TWN DIAI/RESIN MEMAQH/KAMEN. @*TRI/TON H)=N TW=N ZHTOUME/NWN, PO/QEN A)RKTE/ON TW=N *)ARISTOTELIKW=N SUGGRAM-MA/TWN. KAI\ PERI\ TOU/TOU TE/SSARES DO/CAI GEGO/NASIN: KAI\ OI( ME\N TH=S PRW/THS DO/CHS FASI\N O(/TI TH=S H)QIKH=S DEI= A)/RCASQAI, OI( DE\ TH=S DEUTE/RAS TH=S FUSIO-LOGIKH=S, OI( DE\ TH=S MAQHMATIKH=S, OI( DE\ TH=S LOGIKH=S. KAI\ OI( ME\N TH=S H)QIKH=S LE/GOUSIN O(/TI DEI= PRW=TON KATAKOSMH=SAI TA\ E(AUTW=N H)/QH KAI\ OU(/TWS A)/RCASQAI KAI\ E(TE/RWN MAQHMA/TWN: W(/SPER GA\R OI( TA\ SKOTEINA\ O)/MMATA E)/XONTES OU) DU/NANTAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION A)POBLE/YAI, OU(/TWS OU)DE/ TIS BARUNO/MENOS PA/QESI YUXH=S DU/NATAI TOU/TWN A(/YASQAI. KAI\ TAU=TA/ E)STI TA\ LEGO/MENA U(PO\ TW=N PRESBEUO/NTWN DE/ON EI)=NAI PROHGH/SASQAI TO\ H)QIKO\N TW=N A)/LLWN. OI( DE\ TH\N FUSIOLOGIKH\N LE/GONTES PROHGH/SASQAI/ FASIN O(/TI DEI= A)PO\ TW=N FUSIKW=N A)/RCA-SQAI, E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA SU/NTROFA H(MI=N E)STI KAI\ SUNH/QH. OI( DE\ LE/GONTES TH\N MAQHMATIKH\N E)/FASAN DIA\ TOU=TO DEI=N PROHGH/SASQAI TA\ MAQHMATIKA\ DIA\ TO\ @1 E)PIGEGRA/FQAI E)N TW=| TOU= *PLA/TWNOS MOUSEI/W| "3A)GEWME/TRHTOS MHDEI\S EI)SI/TW"3. E(/TEROI DE\ LE/GOUSIN O(/TI TH\N LOGIKH\N DEI= PROHGH/SASQAI DIA\ TO\ PA/SAS TA\S PROEIRHME/NAS DEI=SQAI TAU/THS, EI)/ GE SULLOGISTIKW=S KAI\ A)PODEIKTIKW=S E)N E)KEI/NOIS DEI/KNUTAI TA\ DEIKNU/MENA, H( DE\ LOGIKH/, W(S EI)/RHTAI, PERI\ TAU=TA KATA-GI/NETAI. TAU=TA DE\ H(MEI=S TIQE/MEQA LE/GONTES: O(/SON ME\N E)PI\ TH=| TA/CEI TW=N PRAGMA/TWN DEI= PROHGH/SASQAI TH\N H)QIKH\N TW=N LOIPW=N DIA\ TO\ R(UQMI/ZESQAI H(MA=S DIA\ TAU/THS KAI\ KOSMEI=SQAI TA\ H)/QH. E)PEIDH\ DE\ OU) DI/KHN A)LO/GWN ZW/|WN KAI\ I)DIWTIKW=| TRO/PW| KOSMOU=MEN KAI\ KALLU/NOMEN TA\ H)/QH H(MW=N, A)LLA\ DIA\ SULLOGISTIKH=S A)GWGH=S KAI\ A)PODEIKTIKH=S MEQO/DOU, DI/KAION TH\N LOGIKH\N PROHGH/SASQAI TH=S TE H)QIKH=S [2KAI\ TH=S FUSIKH=S]2 KAI\ TH=S MAQHMATIKH=S KAI\ TH=S QEOLOGIKH=S. E)N DE\ AU)TAI=S TAU/TAIS TAI=S TRISI\ DE/ON E)STI\ PROHGEI=SQAI TH\N FUSIKH\N TH=S MAQHMATIKH=S KAI\ TH\N MAQHMATIKH\N TH=S QEOLOGIKH=S. E)N TOU/-TOIS SUMPERAI/NETAI H(MI=N KAI\ TO\ TRI/TON KEFA/LAION. @*TE/TARTON KEFA/LAION, E)N W(=| ZHTOU=MEN TI/ TO\ TE/LOS TH=S *)ARISTOTELIKH=S FILOSOFI/AS KAI\ TI/ TO\ A)NAFAINO/MENON XRH/SIMON E)C AU)TH=S. A)NAFAI/NETAI TOI/NUN E)C AU)TH=S XRH/SIMON TO\ GNW=NAI W(S MI/A TW=N PA/NTWN E)STI\N A)RXH/, A)PEIRODU/NA-MOS, A)PERIO/RISTOS, A)SW/MATOS, A)PERI/LHPTOS, O)REKTIKH\ PA=SI TOI=S KATA\ FU/SIN, AU)TOAGAQO/THS: A)/LLO GA/R E)STIN A)GAQO\N KAI\ A)/LLO A)GAQO/THS, W(/SPER KAI\ A)/LLO LEUKO\N KAI\ A)/LLO LEUKO/THS: LEUKO\N ME\N TO\ DEDEGME/NON AU)TH\N TH\N POIO/THTA, LEUKO/THS DE\ AU)TH\ H( POIO/THS. OU(/TWS A)GAQO\N ME\N TO\ DEDEGME/NON, A)GAQO/THS DE\ AU)TO\ TO\ PRA=GMA KAI\ AU)TH\ H( U(/PARCIS KAI\ H( OU)SI/A TOU= A)GAQOU=. KAI\ O(/TI @@OU)K A)GAQO\N POLUKOIRANI/H: EI(=S KOI/RANOS E)/STW, @@EI(=S BASILEU/S, AU)TO\S *)ARISTOTE/LHS FHSI\N E)N TOI=S *META\ TA\ FUSIKA\ QEOLOGW=N: "3O(/TI MI/A E)STI\ TW=N PA/NTWN A)RXH/, E)/STI KATASKEUA/SAI TOU=TON TO\N TRO/PON: TA\ O)/NTA PA/NTA KALW=S POLITEU/ETAI, KAI\ TOU=TO EI)KO/TWS: OU) GA\R E)NDE/XETAI KAKW=S TA\ O)/NTA POLITEU/ESQAI QEOU= PERIO/NTOS. TA\ KALW=S POLITEUO/MENA TE/TAKTAI, TA\ DE\ TETAG-ME/NA U(F' E(NO\S TE/TAKTAI, TA\ O)/NTA A)/RA PA/NTA U(F' E(NO\S TE/TAKTAI"3. TOU=TO OU)=N TO\ TA/CAN KALOU=MEN PA/NTWN A)RXH/N, H(=S H( GNW=SIS TE/LOS E)STI\ TH=S *)ARISTOTE/-LOUS FILOSOFI/AS. @*PE/MPTON KEFA/LAION. TI/S O( BAQMO\S KAI\ TI/NA TA\ A)/GONTA H(MA=S E)PI\ TO\ TAU/THS TE/LOS; FAME\N TOI/NUN O(/TI PE/NTE TINA\ KAQE/STHKEN TA\ PRO\S TO\ TE/LOS H(MA=S A)PA/GONTA TH=S FILOSOFI/AS, OI(=ON LOGIKH/, FUSIKH/, H)QIKH/, MAQHMATIKH/, QEOLOGIKH/. KAI\ E)/STIN A)RXH\ ME\N H( LOGIKH/, META\ DE\ TAU/THN H)QIKH/, META\ DE\ TH\N H)QIKH\N H( FUSIKH/, META\ DE\ TAU/THN H( MAQHMATIKH/, META\ DE\ TH\N MAQH-MATIKH\N H( QEOLOGI/A. KAI\ TOU=TO EI)KO/TWS: DEI= GA\R TO\ PA/NTWN E)/NULON PROH-GEI=SQAI TOU= KATA/ TI ME\N E)NU/LOU KATA/ TI DE\ A)U/LOU. META\ DE\ TOU=TO E)PI\ TO\ PA/NTWN A)/ULON DEI= XWRH=SAI H(MA=S, E(POME/NOUS TH=| PROSTA/CEI TOU= QESPESI/OU @1 *PLWTI/NOU TH=| LEGOU/SH| O(/TI DOTE/ON TOI=S NE/OIS TA\ MAQH/MATA PRO\S SUNEQISMO\N TH=S A)SWMA/TOU FU/SEWS. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS KAI\ TO\ PE/MPTON KEFA/LAION. @*(/EKTON KEFA/LAION, E)N W(=| ZHTOU=MEN O(POI=ON DEI= EI)=NAI TO\N A)KROW/MENON TW=N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS SUGGRAMMA/TWN. LE/GW TOI/NUN O(/TI DEI= AU)TO\N E)XE/FRONA EI)=NAI, DRIMU/N, KEKALLWPISME/NON TOI=S H)/QESIN, KEKAQARME/NON TH\N YUXH/N [1"3MH\ KAQA-RO\N GA\R KAQAROU= E)FA/PTESQAI MH\ OU)XI\ QEMITO/N E)STIN"3, W(S O( QEI=OS *PLA/TWN FHSI/, KAI\ *(IPPOKRA/THS "3TA\ MH\ KAQARA\ TW=N SWMA/TWN O(KO/SW| A)\N QRE/YH|S, MA=LLON BLA/YEIS"3]1, KAI\ SUNEXW=S E)PILE/GONTA AU(TW=| TA\S TOU= *PLA/TWNOS FWNA\S O(/TI "3EI) MH\ SU\ SAUTOU= LE/GONTOS A)KOU/SH|S, MHDENI\ A)/LLW| LE/GONTI PISTEU/SH|S"3 KAI\ PA/LIN "3*SWKRA/TOUS ME\N O)LI/GON FRONTISTE/ON, TH=S DE\ A)LHQEI/AS POLU/"3, SHMAI/-NONTOS DIA\ PA/NTWN TOU/TWN H(MI=N O(/TI DEI= PA/NTWN TH\N A)LH/QEIAN PROTIMA=N KAI\ PA/NTA TAU/THS DEU/TERA POIEI=SQAI. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)COMOIOU=N TA\ E(AUTW=N TW=| MEGA/LW| KO/SMW|: W(/SPER GA\R E)N TW=| MEGA/LW| KO/SMW| E)/STI ME\N BASILEU/S, U(PO/KEINTAI DE\ AU)TW=| STRATIW=TAI KAI\ QH=TES, OU(/TW DEI= EI)=NAI KAI\ TO\N A)KROW/-MENON TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AS, KAI\ E)/XEIN ME\N E)N TA/CEI TOU= BASILE/WS TO\N LOGISMO/N, E)N DE\ TH=| TA/CEI TW=N STRATIWTW=N TO\N QUMO/N, E)N DE\ TH=| TA/CEI TW=N U(PHRETOU/NTWN TH\N E)PIQUMI/AN: DEI= GA\R A)/RXEIN ME\N TO\N LOGISMO/N, A)/RXESQAI DE\ TO\N QUMO/N, A)/RXESQAI DE\ U(P' A)MFOTE/RWN TH\N E)PIQUMI/AN. ZHTOU=SI DE/ TINES DIA\ TI/ TRIMEROU=S OU)/SHS TH=S YUXH=S TE/SSARE/S EI)SIN A)RETAI/, FRO/NHSIS, A)NDRI/A, SWFROSU/NH KAI\ DIKAIOSU/NH. PRO\S TOU/TOUS DE\ E)/STIN EI)PEI=N O(/TI EU)LO/GWS: H( ME\N GA\R FRO/NHSIS A)RETH=S E)STI GNW/RISMA TOU= LOGISMOU=, H( DE\ A)NDRI/A TOU= QUMOU=, H( DE\ SWFROSU/NH TH=S E)PIQUMI/AS, H( DE\ DIKAIOSU/NH DIA\ PASW=N PEFOI/THKEN KAI\ E)N PA/SAIS QEWREI=TAI. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS KAI\ TO\ E(/KTON KEFA/LAION. @*(/EBDOMON KEFA/LAION, OI(=ON DEI= EI)=NAI TO\N E)CHGOU/MENON TA\ SUGGRA/MMATA *)ARI-STOTE/LOUS. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI TOIO/NDE [2DEI=]2 EI)=NAI E)CHGHMATIKO\N KAI\ E)PISTHMONIKO/N: E)CHGHMATIKO\N ME\N DIA\ TO\ E)CHGEI=SQAI SAFW=S TH\N A)LH/QEIAN, E)PISTHMONIKO\N DE\ W(S DIAKRI/NONTA TH\N A)LH/QEIAN A)PO\ TOU= YEU/DOUS. DEI= DE\ AU)TO\N MH\ DOULEU/EIN AI(RE/SEI KAI\ W(/SPER E)KMEMISQWKE/NAI AU)TH=| TA\ W)=TA KAI\ TH\N GLW=TTAN, W(S A(/PANTA POIEI=N PRO\S TA\ E)KEI/NH| DOKOU=NTA, KAI\ POIEI=N KAI\ LE/GEIN KAI\ A)KOU/EIN. DEI= DE\ AU)TO\N MH\ SUMMETABA/LLESQAI TAI=S AI(RE/SESIN, I(/NA MH\ W(/SPER OI( E)N SKHNH=| DIA/FORA U(PODU/ONTES PRO/SWPA, OU(/TW KAI\ AU)TO\S TAU/TH| TI PA/QH|, A)LLA\ TU/POUS E)/XEIN XRH\ KAI\ KANO/NAS A)LHQEI=S, DI' W(=N DU/NATAI DIAKRI=NAI TO\ O)RQW=S E)/XON KAI\ TO\ MH\ TOIOU=TON. E)F' W(=| KATAPAU/SWMEN TH\N PAROU=SAN QEWRI/AN. TE/LOS TH=S B# QEWRI/AS. {1<20*)ARXH\ TH=S G# QEWRI/AS.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ TA\S E)PWNUMI/AS TW=N FILOSO/FWN AI(RE/SEWN MEMAQH/KAMEN KAI\ TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N *)ARISTOTELIKW=N SUGGRAMMA/TWN KAI\ PO/QEN H(MA=S DEI= A)RKTE/ON @1 KAI\ DIA\ POI/WN ME/SWN O(DEUTE/ON KAI\ TI/ TO\ E)KDEXO/MENON H(MA=S TE/LOS, KAI\ PRO\S TOU/TOIS OI(=ON DEI= EI)=NAI TO\N A)KROW/MENON TOU/TWN, EI)=TA TO\N E)CHGOU/MENON, FE/RE PRO\S TOI=S EI)RHME/NOIS ZHTH/SWMEN TI/ TO\ EI)=DOS TH=S A)PAGGELI/AS TOU= FILOSO/FOU. OU)X E(\N TOI/NUN E)PETH/DEUSEN EI)=DOS, DIO/TI MHDE\ PERI\ E(NO\S PRA/GMATOS TO\N LO/GON PEPOI/HTAI, A)LL' W(/SPER DIAFO/RWN H(/YATO PRAGMA/TWN, OU(/TW KAI\ PANARMO/NION EI)=DOS E)PETH/DEUSEN, PRO/SFORON TO\N LO/GON BOULO/MENOS TOI=S PRA/GMASIN EI)=NAI. E)N ME\N OU)=N TAI=S E)PISTOLAI=S PUKNO/S E)STI KAI\ SU/NTOMOS, KOINO/S TE A(/MA KAI\ I)/DIOS: TOIOU=TON GA\R DEI= EI)=NAI TO\N E)PISTE/LLONTA: KOINO\N ME/N, DIO/TI H( E)PI-STOLH\ E)/NTEUCI/S E)STI PRO\S A)PO/NTAS, KAI\ W(/SPER [2PRO\S]2 TOU\S PARO/NTAS TAI=S E)NTEU/CESIN KOINW=S DIALEGO/MEQA, OU(/TW DEI= KAI\ PRO\S TA\S E)NTEU/CEIS TW=N A)PO/N-TWN, TOU=T' E)/STI TA\S E)PISTOLA/S, KOINH\N POIEI=SQAI TH\N E)/NTEUCIN. I)/DION DE\ XRH\ PA/LIN EI)=NAI TO\N E)PISTE/LLONTA, I(/NA MH\ LA/QWMEN E(AUTOU\S EI)S E)/NNOIAN I)DIWTIKH\N E)MPI/PTONTES. E)N DE\ TAI=S I(STORI/AIS E)STI\ SAFH/S, U(FHGHMATIKO/S, DIHRQRWME/NOS, E)N DE\ TOI=S DIALOGIKOI=S W(RAI=OS, MESTO\S XARI/TWN, OU)K E)NDEH/S, POIKI/LOS E)N TAI=S MIMH/SESIN, E)N DE\ TOI=S AU)TOPROSW/POIS SUNESTRAMME/NOS, GORGO/S, PUKNO\S TOI=S NOH/MASI, KAQARO\S TOI=S O)NO/MASI, MHDAMOU= POIHTIKAI=S DOULEU/WN METAFORAI=S, A)KALLWPI/STW| EU)RUQMI/A| KOSMOU/MENOS [1DIO\ KAI\ A)ZH/LWTON E(AUTO\N TOI=S META-GENESTE/ROIS KATE/STHSEN: TO\ GA\R KREI=TTON H)\ KATA\ TE/XNHN SUNTEQE\N A)MI/MHTO/N E)STI TH=| TE/XNH|]1, E)N DE\ TOI=S E)CWTERIKOI=S KEKALLWPISME/NOS TAI=S LE/CESIN. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS KAI\ TO\ O)/GDOON KEFA/LAION. @*)/ENATON KEFA/LAION, E)N W(=| ZHTOU=MEN DIA\ TI/ A)SA/FEIAN E)PETH/DEUSEN O( FILO/-SOFOS: O(/TI GA\R OU)K OI)/KOQEN E)/XEI TOU=TO, A)LL' AU)TO\S E)PETH/DEUSEN, DHLOI= POLLA-XOU= SAFW=S E(RMHNEU/SAS, E)N ME\N TOI=S LOGIKOI=S E)N TOI=S KALOUME/NOIS *TO/POIS, E)N DE\ TOI=S FUSIKOI=S E)N TOI=S *METEWROLOGIKOI=S. A)SA/FEIAN TOI/NUN E)PETH/DEUSEN PEI=RAN KAI\ DOKIMASI/AN LABEI=N BOULO/MENOS TW=N TE PROQUMOTA/TWN NE/WN KAI\ TW=N R(A|QU/MWN: A)SAFEI= GA\R E)NTUGXA/NWN O( SPOUDAI=OS SUGGRA/MMATI SUNTEI/NEI E(AUTO\N KAI\ PROQUMO/TEROS GI/GNETAI PRO\S TH\N TOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS KATA/LHYIN, O( DE\ R(A/|QUMOS E)NTUGXA/NWN TOU/TW| FEU/GEI TH\N E)/NTEUCIN U(PO\ TH=S A)SAFEI/AS A)PELAUNO/MENOS. TOU=TO DE\ OU) MO/NON *)ARISTOTE/LHS PEPOI/HKEN, A)LLA\ KAI\ *PLA/TWN PRO\ AU)TOU=: PAREKELEU/ETO GA\R DOKIMASI/AN KAI\ PEI=RAN TW=N NE/WN LAMBA/NEIN PRO\ TH=S TW=N MAQHMA/TWN EI)SO/DOU: E)/LEGE GA\R O(/TI DEI= A)PAGAGEI=N AU)TOU\S E)N TOI=S SUMPOSI/OIS KAI\ MEQU/SKEIN, I(/NA TA\ KEKRUMME/NA E)N TH=| AU(TW=N YUXH=| DHMOSIEU/SWSI. TA\ AU)TA\ DE\ KAI\ *PUQAGO/RAS E)POI/EI: MEQ' H(ME/RAN GA\R H)RW/TA TOU\S FOITHTA\S TA\ E)N TAI=S NUCI\ GIGNO/MENA E)NU/PNIA, MANTEU/ESQAI DIA\ TOU/TWN BOULO/MENOS TH\N KI/NHSIN TW=N YUXW=N [EI)DE/NAI]. A)LL' I)STE/ON O(/TI O( *PLA/TWN KREI=TTON H)\ KATA\ *PUQAGO/RAN E)POI/EI: E)N ME\N GA\R TOI=S O)NEI/RASIN E)/STI POLLA\ KAI\ PROSQEI=NAI KAI\ A)FELEI=N YEUDW=S, E)N DE\ TAI=S ME/QAIS, A(/TE DH\ MH\ PARA-KOLOUQOU=NTES E(AUTOI=S, A)DEW=S TA\ E)N TAI=S YUXAI=S KEKRUMME/NA E)CH/GGELLON. A)LLA\ KAI\ POIHTAI/, MH\ PA=SI BOULO/MENOI SAFH= KATASTH=SAI TA\ PERI\ TW=N @1 QEI/WN, MU/QOIS A)PE/KRUPTON TA\ PERI\ TW=N QEI/WN DOGMA/TWN LEGO/MENA: A)NO/HTON GA/R E)STI, KAQA\ OI( POIHTAI/ FASI *KRO/NON KATAPI/NONTA TA\ TE/KNA KAI\ PA/LIN E)MOU=NTA, *DI/A DE\ KU/KNON GENO/MENON: EI) GA\R TOU\S TAU=TA DRW=NTAS A)NQRW/POUS KOLA/ZOMEN, PO/SW| MA=LLON A)/TOPON TAU=TA PROSA/PTEIN QEOI=S; DIO\ KAI\ DE/OS E)STI\ MH/ POTE AI( TW=N NE/WN YUXAI\ A(PALW/TATAI OU)=SAI PARADE/CONTAI W(S A)LHQH=: DUSMETAKINH/TWS GA\R E)/XOUSIN OI( NE/OI PRO\S TAU=TA. O(/QEN KAI\ TOI=S TERATW-DESTE/ROIS TW=N POIHTW=N XA/RIN O(MOLOGOU=MEN, I(/NA DIA\ TH=S U(PERBALLOU/SHS A)PISTI/AS MHDEI\S TOI=S LEGOME/NOIS PISTEU/SEIEN. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TOI=S I(EREU=SIN TOU=TO BOU/LONTAI TA\ PARAPETA/SMATA: TAU=TA GA\R E)PENO/HSAN PRO\S TO\ MH\ PA=SI SAFH= KAI\ GNW/RIMA KATASTH=SAI TA\ MUSTH/RIA. O(/QEN E)/FHSE/N TIS @@A)EI/DW SUNETOI=SIN, QU/RAS D' E)PI/QESQE BEBH/LOIS. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ PRO\ PA/NTWN TOU/TWN *)APO/LLWN MH\ PA=SI PRODH/LOUS TA\S MAN-TEI/AS KATASTH=SAI BOULO/MENOS LOCW=S E)MANTEU/ETO, OU) METRI/AN A)SA/FEIAN DIA\ TOU/TWN E)PIDEIKNU/MENOS, O(/QEN KAI\ *LOCI/AS W)NO/MASTAI. O(/PER OU)=N *)APO/LLWNI ME\N TO\ LOCO/N, I(EREU=SI DE\ TA\ PARAPETA/SMATA, POIHTAI=S DE\ OI( MU=QOI, *PUQA-GO/RA| DE\ TA\ O)NEI/RATA, *PLA/TWNI DE\ AI( ME/QAI, TOU=TO *)ARISTOTE/LEI PE/FUKEN H( A)SA/FEIA. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS TO\ E)/NATON KEFA/LAION. @*DE/KATON KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON KEFA/LAION, E)N W(=| ZHTOU=MEN PO/SA KAI\ TI/NA DEI= PROLAMBA/NESQAI E(KA/STOU *)ARISTOTELIKOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS. LE/GW TOI/NUN W(S E(/C TINA O)FEI/LOMEN PROLABEI=N, TO\N SKOPO/N FHMI KAI\ TO\ XRH/SIMON KAI\ TH\N TA/CIN KAI\ TH\N E)PIGRAFH\N KAI\ TO\N SUGGRAFE/A KAI\ TH\N DIASKEUH/N. O( ME\N OU)=N SKOPO\S E)N TOI=S *PLATWNIKOI=S POLLAXOU= DIAPEFW/NHTAI, E)N DE\ TOI=S *)ARISTOTE-LIKOI=S OU)DAMOU=. %2%2 EI)/ GE MIMHTH\S W)\N TH=S FU/SEWS O( FILO/SOFOS A(/PANTA E(/NEKA/ TOU LE/GEI, W(S DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN EI)=NAI TO\N SKOPO\N TW=N SUGGRAMMA/TWN, W(/SPER KA)KEI/NH OU)DE\N A(PLW=S A)LL' E(/NEKA/ TOU PA/NTA PRA/TTEI. TO\ DE\ XRH/SIMON TW=N SUGGRAMMA/TWN ZHTOU=MEN, O(/TE DOKEI= TO\ SU/GGRAMMA PRO\S KAKOU= E)PINENOH=SQAI, W(S E)PI\ TW=N *SOFISTIKW=N E)LE/GXWN: NOMI/ZETAI GA\R TOU=TO TO\ BIBLI/ON BLAPTIKO\N U(PA/RXEIN, DIO/TI KANO/NAS TINA\S E)KEI= PARADI/DWSI, DI' W(=N DUNHSO/MEQA A)PATA=N. A)LL' H(MEI=S FAMEN O(/TI PARADI/DOTAI TAU=TA OU)X I(/NA A)PATW=MEN, A)LL' I(/NA MH\ A)PATW/MEQA, KAI\ OU)X I(/NA POIW=MEN, A)LL' I(/NA MH\ PA/QWMEN, W(/SPER KAI\ TOI=S I)ATROI=S TA\ DHLHTH/RIA OU) PRO\S XRH=SIN, A)LLA\ PRO\S FUGH\N PARADI/DOTAI. TH\N DE\ TA/CIN ZHTOU=MEN OU) TH\N KAQOLIKH/N [1H)/DH GA\R TAU/THN MEMAQH/KAMEN, O(/TE E)LE/GOMEN TH\N ME\N LOGIKH\N PROHGEI=SQAI, E(/PESQAI DE\ TH\N H)QIKH/N, META\ DE\ TAU/THN TH\N FUSIKH/N, KAI\ META\ TH\N FUSIKH\N TH\N MAQHMATIKH/N, META\ DE\ TAU/-THN TH\N QEOLOGI/AN]1, A)LLA\ TH\N MERIKH/N, OI(=ON TH\N E)N TOI=S O(MOSTOI/XOIS: EI) LOGIKO\N U(PA/RXOI TO\ SU/GGRAMMA, TH\N E)N TOI=S LOGIKOI=S U(PA/RXOUSAN TA/CIN DH=LON O(/TI ZHTOU=MEN, W(SAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N FUSIKW=N. TH\N DE\ AI)TI/AN TH=S E)PI-GRAFH=S POLUPRAGMONOU=MEN, O(/TE MH\ SU/MFWNOS EI)=NAI DOKEI= TW=| SKOPW=|, W(/SPER @1 E)PI\ TW=N *TO/PWN: A)/LLH ME\N GA/R E)STIN H( E)PIGRAFH\ TOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS, A)/LLA DE\ TA\ E)N TOU/TW| PARADIDO/MENA. POLLA/KIS DE\ KAI\ SUNANAFAI/NETAI TAU=TA TA\ TRI/A, O( SKOPO/S, H( XREI/A, H( E)PIGRAFH/, W(S E)N TW=| *PERI\ YUXH=S SUGGRA/MMATI. PERI\ DE\ TOU= GNHSI/OU DU/O TAU=TA ZHTH/SWMEN: PRW=TON ME\N DIA\ PO/SOUS TRO/POUS E)NOQEU/ONTO TA\ BIBLI/A KAI\ POI=A/ EI)SIN KRITH/RIA TA\ DUNA/MENA DIAXWRI/ZEIN TA\ GNH/SIA A)PO\ TW=N NO/QWN. @*)ENOQEU/ONTO TOI/NUN TA\ BIBLI/A TO\ PALAIO\N KATA\ TREI=S TRO/POUS: H)\ DIA\ FILOTIMI/AN TW=N BASILE/WN H)\ DI' EU)/NOIAN TW=N MAQHTW=N H)\ DIA\ O(MWNU-MI/AN. KAI\ DI' O(MWNUMI/AN TRIXW=S: H)\ SUGGRAFE/WS H)\ SUGGRAMMA/TWN H)\ U(PO-MNHMA/TWN. A)LL', EI) DOKEI=, MA/QWMEN PW=S TO\ TW=N BASILE/WN FILO/TIMON AI)/TION H)=N TOU= TA\S BI/BLOUS NOQEU/ESQAI. I)STE/ON TOI/NUN O(/TI OI( PALAIOI\ BASILEI=S E)RASTAI\ O)/NTES LO/GWN E)/SPEUDON DIA\ FILOTIMI/AS SUNAGAGEI=N TA\ TW=N A)RXAI/WN SUGGRA/MMATA. OU(/TWS OU)=N *)IOBA/THS O( TH=S *LIBU/HS BASILEU\S E)RASTH\S E)GE/NETO TW=N *PUQAGORIKW=N SUGGRAMMA/TWN KAI\ *PTOLEMAI=OS O( E)PI/KLHN *FILA/DELFOS TW=N *)ARISTOTELIKW=N KAI\ *PEISI/STRATOS O( TW=N *)AQHNAI/WN TU/RANNOS TW=N *(OMHRIKW=N [2KAI\]2 XRHMA/TWN DWREAI=S E)/SPEUDON TAU=TA SUNAGAGEI=N. POLLOI\ OU)=N XRHMA/TWN O)REGO/MENOI E)/SPEUDON H)\ SUGGRA/YASQAI H)/GOUN KAI\ TA\ TUXO/NTA SUNAGAGEI=N KAI\ E)PIGRA/FEIN TOI=S TW=N A)RXAIOTE/RWN O)NO/MASI KAI\ PROSFE/REIN KAI\ KARPOU=SQAI DWREA\S DIA\ TOU/TOU MNHSTEUO/MENOI. KAI\ SUNE/BAINEN, W(S PROEI/POMEN. NOQEU/E-SQAI TA\ BIBLI/A [2E)/SQ' O(/TE]2 DIA\ FILOTIMI/AN BASILE/WN. DIA\ DE\ O(MWNUMI/AN SUG-GRAFE/WN E)NOQEU/ONTO E)/SQ' O(/TE TA\ BIBLI/A, DIO/TI MH\ EI(=S KAI\ MO/NOS *)ARISTOTE/LHS O( *STAGEIRI/THS E)GE/NETO, A)LLA\ KAI\ O( E)PI/KLHN *MU=QOS, A)LLA\ DH\ KAI\ O( KALOU/-MENOS *PAIDOTRI/BHS. DI' O(MWNUMI/AN DE\ SUGGRAMMA/TWN E)NOQEU/ONTO TA\ BIBLI/A, DIO/TI MH\ MO/NOS *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)/GRAYE *KATHGORI/AS, A)LLA\ KAI\ *QEO/FRASTOS KAI\ *EU)/DHMOS, OI( TOU/TOU MAQHTAI/. POLLA/KIS OU)=N TIS PERITUXW\N TAI=S *KATHGORI/AIS *QEOFRA/STOU, EI) TU/XOI, E)NO/MISEN AU)TA\S EI)=NAI *)ARISTOTE/LOUS. E)/SQ' O(/TE DE\ OU)DE\ DIA\ O(MWNUMI/AN SUGGRAFE/WN E)NOQEU/ONTO TA\ BIBLI/A OU)DE\ DIA\ O(MWNUMI/AN SUGGRAMMA/TWN, A)LLA\ DIA\ O(MWNUMI/AN U(POMNHMA/TWN, DIO/TI POLLA/KIS U(PO/MNHMA/ TIS E)POI/HSEN EI)S O(MW/NUMON PRAGMATEI/AN KAI\ E)NOMI/SQH A)/LLHS EI)=NAI: W(/SPER OU)=N KAI\ *QEO/FRASTOS E)POI/HSEN U(PO/MNHMA EI)S TA\S OI)KEI/AS *KATHGORI/AS, KAI\ POLLA/KIS TIS A)POPLANA=TAI O(/TI TW=N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS E)STI\ TO\ U(PO/MNHMA. H)\ POLLA/KIS E)NTUGXA/NWN TIS TW=| U(POMNH/MATI *)ALECA/NDROU TOU= *)AFRODISIE/WS EI)S TA\S *KATHGORI/AS E)NO/MIZEN AU)TO\ PA/NTWS EI)=NAI TW=N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS, LANQA/NON O(/TI OU) MO/NON GE/GRAPTAI AU)TW=| EI)S TA\S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS A)LLA\ KAI\ EI)S TA\S *QEO-FRA/STOU. E)/STI DE\ O(/TE DI' EU)GNWMOSU/NHN MAQHTW=N PRO\S DIDA/SKALON E)NOQEU/ONTO TA\ BIBLI/A, W(/SPER PA/NTA TA\ SUGGRA/MMATA TA\ E)PIGEGRAMME/NA *PUQAGO/ROU: O( GA\R *PUQAGO/RAS OU)K A)PE/LEIYEN OI)KEI=ON SU/GGRAMMA, LE/GWN O(/TI OU) DEI= A)/YUXA KATALIMPA/NEIN SUGGRA/MMATA, E)PEIDH\ MH\ DU/NATAI U(PE\R E(AUTW=N A)POLOGEI=SQAI, A)LLA\ DH\ KATALIMPA/NEIN E)/MYUXA SUGGRA/MMATA, TOU=T' E)/STI MAQHTA/S, OI(/TINES @1 KAI\ U(PE\R E(AUTW=N KAI\ TW=N I)DI/WN DIDASKA/LWN DU/NANTAI SUMMAXEI=N. OI( OU)=N MAQHTAI\ AU)TOU= DI' EU)/NOIAN POIH/SANTES SUGGRA/MMATA E)PE/GRAYAN TO\ O)/NOMA *PUQAGO/ROU. KAI\ DIA\ TAU/THN TH\N AI)TI/AN NO/QA EI)SI\ PA/NTA TA\ E)C O)NO/MATOS *PUQAGO/ROU PROSFERO/MENA SUGGRA/MMATA. @*(H DE\ EI)S TA\ MO/RIA DIAI/RESIS SAFH/S E)STI PERI\ *)ARISTOTE/LOUS KAI\ SU/NOPTOS KATA\ ZH=LON GEWMETRIKW=N: W(/SPER GA\R E)KEI=NOI PRW=TA PARALAMBA/NOUSI TA\ LH/MMATA KAI\ TA\ AI)TH/MATA, KAI\ EI)=TA OU(/TWS E)PIFE/ROUSI TA\ QEWRH/MATA, OU(/TW KAI\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS PRW=TA DIDA/SKEI TA\ PRO\S TH\N XREI/AN TOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS KAI\ OU(/TWS AU)TA\ TA\ PROKEI/MENA, W(S E)NTEU=QEN SAFH= GI/NESQAI TA\ KEFA/LAIA. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS STH/SWMEN TH\N PAROU=SAN QEWRI/AN, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ PE/RAS EI)/LHFEN H( DIDASKALI/A TW=N PROLAMBANOME/NWN TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AS. {1<20*QEWRI/A D#.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ TW=N PROLEGOME/NWN A)RXO/MENOI PRO\S TRI/A TINA\ TH\N DIDASKALI/AN U(PISXNOU/MEQA POIH/SASQAI, PRO/S TE PA=SAN FILOSOFI/AN, TH\N E)PISTH/MHN FHMI/, KAI\ PRO\S TH\N ME/QODON, TOU=T' E)/STI TH\N LOGIKH/N, KAI\ PRO\S TO\ SU/GGRAMMA, TOU=T' E)/STI TA\S *KATHGORI/AS, FE/RE DIANU/SANTES TO\ PRW=TON TW=N PROTEQE/NTWN H(MI=N EI)S E)CE/TASIN E)PI\ TO\ DEU/TERON EU)TA/KTWS XWRH/SWMEN, E)PI\ TH\N ME/QODO/N FHMI, ZHTOU=NTES EI) ME/ROS H)\ O)/RGANON H( LOGIKH\ TH=S FILOSOFI/AS. DEI= TOI/NUN EI)DE/NAI O(/TI DIA/FOROI DO/CAI GEGO/NASI PERI\ TAU/THS, TW=N ME\N *STWI+KW=N ME/ROS AU)TH\N EI)=NAI NOMIZO/NTWN, TW=N DE\ *PERIPATHTIKW=N O)/RGANON, TOU= DE\ QEI/OU *PLA/TWNOS ME/ROS A(/MA KAI\ O)/RGANON, ME/ROS ME\N AU)TH\N EI)=NAI LE/GONTOS E)N *FAI/DRW|, E)/NQA LO/GON E)PE/XEIN FHSI\N AU)TH\N TRIGXOU= PRO\S TH\N FILOSOFI/AN, O)/RGANON DE\ E)N *FAI/DWNI, E)/NQA FHSI\N "3W)= PAI=, GU/MNAZE SEAUTO\N DIA\ TH=S KALOUME/NHS A)DOLE-SXI/AS, E(/WS E)/TI NE/OS EI)=, EI) DE\ MH/, E)KFEU/CETAI/ SE TO\ A)LHQE/S"3, OU)DE\N A)/LLO DIA\ TOU/TWN E)NDEIKNU/MENOS O( *PLA/TWN H)\ O(/TI O)/RGANO/N E)STIN H( LOGIKH\ TH=S FILOSOFI/AS: OU) GA\R EI)=XE/N POTE TOLMH=SAI KAI\ EI)PEI=N A)DOLESXI/AN KAI\ GUMNASI/AN TO\ ME/ROS. A)LLA\ TAU=TA ME\N O( *PLA/TWN. @*OI( DE\ *STWI+KOI\ DIA\ DU/O E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN TH\N I)DI/AN DO/CAN H)BOU/LONTO PISTW/SASQAI, W(=N TO\ PRW=TON TOIAU/THN E)/XEI TH\N A)GWGH/N: PA=N, W(=| KE/XRHTAI/ TIS H)\ TE/XNH H)\ E)PISTH/MH, E)A\N MH\ H)=| E(TE/RAS TE/XNHS H)\ E)PISTH/MHS [2H)\ ME/ROS H)\ MO/RION, AU)TH=S TH=S KEXRHME/NHS]2 H)\ ME/ROS H)\ MO/RIO/N E)STIN. OI(=ON W(S E)PI\ PARADEIGMA/TWN: TH=S I)ATRIKH=S TE/XNHS ME/ROS E)STI\ TO\ DIAITHTIKO/N, KAI\ OU)DAMW=S E(TE/RAS TE/XNHS H)\ E)PISTH/MHS ME/ROS H)\ MO/RIO/N E)STI: TH=S I)ATRI-KH=S A)/RA TE/XNHS TO\ DIAITHTIKO\N ME/ROS E)STI/, KAI\ AU(/TH MO/NH KE/XRHTAI @1 AU)TW=|. EI) TOI/NUN KAI\ H( FILOSOFI/A KE/XRHTAI TH=| LOGIKH=|, E(TE/RA DE\ TE/XNH H)\ E)PISTH/MH TAU/TH| OU) KE/XRHTAI, TH=S A)/RA FILOSOFI/AS ME/ROS H)\ MO/RION H( LOGIKH/. A)LLA\ MH\N OU) MO/RION: ME/ROS A)/RA. KALW=S DE\ PRO/SKEITAI TW=| LO/GW| TO\ "3E)A\N MH\ H)=| E(TE/RAS TE/XNHS H)\ E)PISTH/MHS"3 DIA\ TH\N A)STRONOMI/AN. E)KINDU/NEUEN GA\R H( A)STRONOMI/A ME/ROS EI)=NAI TH=S KUBERNHTIKH=S, E)PEIDH\ KE/XRHTAI AU)TH=|, W(S DHLOI= *)/ARATOS LE/GWN PERI\ TH=S A)/RKTOU @@TH=| KAI\ *SIDO/NIOI I)QU/NTATA NAUTI/LLONTAI, EI) MH\ PROU+PH=RXEN ME/ROS OU)=SA TH=S FILOSOFI/AS: U(PO\ GA\R TO\ QEWRHTIKO\N A)NA/-GETAI, KAI\ TO\ QEWRHTIKO\N U(PO\ TO\ MAQHMATIKO/N. KAI\ H( ME\N TOU= E)PIXEIRH/-MATOS A)GWGH\ TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON. E)/STI DE\ E)LE/GCAI AU)TO\ SUNTO/MWS KAI\ R(A|DI/WS DIA\ TH=S TOU= FLEBOTO/MOU A)PODEI/CEWS: FAI/H GA\R A)/N TIS PRO\S AU)TOU/S: O(/TI TO\ FLEBOTO/MON TI/NOS E)STI/N; H)\ MO/NHS I)ATRIKH=S; H)/ TINES A)/LLOI TOU/TW| KE/XRHNTAI H)\ MO/NOI I)ATROI/; KAI\ O(/MWS TW=N EU)= FRONOU/NTWN OU)DEI\S ME/ROS TH=S I)ATRIKH=S KALE/SEI EI)=NAI TO\ FLEBOTO/MON, EI)/ GE TO\ ME\N SW=MA, TO\ FLEBOTO/MON, TO\ DE\ A)SW/MATON, H( I)ATRIKH/: OU)DE/POTE DE\ TO\ SW=MA TOU= A)SWMA/TOU ME/ROS E)STI/. PO/QEN OU)=N O( PARALOGISMO\S PROH=LQEN; LE/GW TOI/NUN, DIO/TI TO\ ZHTOU/MENON E)N TW=| E)PIXEIRH/MATI PARALE/LEIPTAI: E)/DEI GA\R AU)TOU\S OU(/TWS EI)PEI=N: O(/TI PA=N, W(=| KE/XRHTAI/ TIS H)\ TE/XNH H)\ E)PISTH/MH, E)A\N MH\ H)=| E(TE/RAS TE/XNHS H)\ E)PISTH/MHS H)\ ME/ROS H)\ MO/RION H)\ O)/RGANON, AU)TH=S TH=S KEXRHME/NHS H)\ ME/ROS H)\ MO/RIO/N E)STI H)\ O)/RGANON. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TH=| LOGIKH=| OU)DEMI/A A)/LLH TIS KE/XRHTAI H)\ MO/NH H( FILOSOFI/A: TAU/THS A)/RA TH=S XRWME/NHS ME/ROS H)\ MO/RIO/N E)STIN H)\ O)/RGANON. A)LLA\ MH\N OU)K E)/STI ME/ROS H)\ MO/RION H( LOGIKH/, W(S DE/DEIKTAI: O)/RGANON A)/RA E)STI/. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS H( A)GWGH\ TOU= PRW/TOU LO/GOU. DEU/TEROS LO/GOS TOIAU/THN E)/XWN TH\N A)GWGH/N: H( LOGIKH\ PROBA/LLETAI U(PO\ TH=S FILOSOFI/AS: PA=N TO\ PRO-BALLO/MENON U(PO/ TINOS ME/ROS E)STI\ TOU= PROBA/LLONTOS: H( LOGIKH\ A)/RA W(S PRO-BLHQEI=SA U(PO\ TH=S FILOSOFI/AS ME/ROS AU)TH=S E)STI. YEUDH\S DE\ KAI\ OU(=TOS O( LO/GOS KAQE/STHKEN: AU)TI/KA GOU=N O( ME\N XALKEU\S E(AUTW=| [2A)/KMONA]2 PROBA/LLETAI KAI\ O( TE/KTWN, EI) TU/XOI, SFU=RAN, KAI\ OU)DE/TERON OU)DETE/ROU ME/ROS E)STI/. KAI\ OI( ME\N TW=N *STWI+KW=N LO/GOI TOIAU/THN E)/XOUSI TH\N A)GWGH/N, DEIKNU/NAI E)PEIGO/-MENOI TH\N LOGIKH\N ME/ROS OU)=SAN TH=S FILOSOFI/AS. @*OI( DE\ TW=N *PERIPATHTIKW=N LO/GOI, TREI=S O)/NTES TO\N A)RIQMO/N, TOIAU/THN E)/XOUSI TH\N A)GWGH/N, OI( PRESBEU/ONTES EI)=NAI O)/RGANON TH\N LOGIKH/N. KAI\ O( ME\N PRW=TOS AU)TW=N TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: E)A\N W)=SI, FASI/, DU/O TE/XNAI KAI\ KE/XRHTAI H( E(TE/RA TW=| A)POTELE/SMATI TH=S E(TE/RAS, H( KEXRHME/NH KREI/TTWN E)STI\ TH=S A)POTE-LESA/SHS: OI(=ON W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ XALINOPOIHTIKH=S KAI\ I(PPIKH=S: H( ME\N GA\R XALINO-POIHTIKH\ XALINO\N E)POI/HSEN, H( DE\ I(PPIKH\ TOU/TW| E)XRH/SATO: OU)KOU=N A)/RA H( I(PPIKH\ W(S KEXRHME/NH TW=| A)POTELE/SMATI TH=S XALINOPOIHTIKH=S KREI/TTWN AU)TH=S U(PA/RXEI. OU(/TW KAI\ H( KUBERNHTIKH\ NAUPHGIKH=S E)STI TIMIWTE/RA, DIO/TI TW=| @1 PLOI/W| KE/XRHTAI H( KUBERNHTIKH\ A)POTELE/SMATI O)/NTI TH=S NAUPHGIKH=S. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, E)PEIDH\ H( ME\N FILOSOFI/A POIEI= TH\N LOGIKH/N, KE/XRHNTAI DE\ AI( A)/LLAI PA=SAI TE/XNAI TW=| A)POTELE/SMATI TH=S LOGIKH=S, OI(=ON I)ATRIKH/, GRAMMATIKH/, R(HTORIKH/, KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N AI( PARAPLH/SIOI TE/XNAI, EU(REQH/SETAI A)/RA H( FILOSOFI/A TW=N A)/LLWN TEXNW=N TW=N KEXRHME/NWN TW=| TAU/THS PROBLH/MATI, LE/GW DH\ TH=| LOGIKH=|, %2%2 KREI/TTOUS TH=S FILOSOFI/AS, E)PEI\ A)TOPI/AS PA/SHS E)STI\N E)PE/KEINA: TI/S GA\R A)\N EI)S TOSAU/THN E)/LQOI A)NAI/DEIAN W(/STE TH\N MHTE/RA O(/LWN TW=N TEXNW=N XEI/RONA O)NOMA/SAI TW=N KATA\ ME/ROS TEXNW=N; EI) MH\ OU)=N ME/ROS E)STI\ DIA\ TO\ A)/TOPON TOU=TO, O)/RGANON A)/RA E)STI\ TH=S FILOSOFI/AS H( LOGIKH/. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS H( E)PAGWGH\ TOU= PRW/TOU E)PIXEIRH/MATOS. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TOIAU/THN E)/XON TH\N A)GWGH/N: TO\ ME/ROS TW=| O(/LW| TH\N AU)TH\N QE/LEI E)/XEIN U(/LHN KAI\ TO\ AU)TO\ TE/LOS: H( LOGIKH\ OU)DE\ TH\N AU)TH\N U(/LHN E)/XEI TW=| O(/LW|, FHMI\ DH\ TH=| FILOSOFI/A|, OU)DE\ TO\ AU)TO\ TE/LOS: H( LOGIKH\ A)/RA OU)K E)/STI ME/ROS TH=S FILOSO-FI/AS A)LLA\ O)/RGANON. KATASKEUA/SWMEN DE\ E(KATE/RAN TW=N PROTA/SEWN, KAI\ TH\N ME\N MEI/ZONA OU(/TW TH\N LE/GOUSAN O(/TI TO\ ME/ROS TH\N AU)TH\N U(/LHN E)/XEI TW=| O(/LW| KAI\ TO\ AU)TO\ TE/LOS LE/GONTES OU(/TWS: O(/TI A)LHQE/S E)STI TO\ LEGO/MENON: AU)TI/KA GOU=N TO\ DIAITHTIKO\N ME/ROS E)STI\ TH=S I)ATRIKH=S TH\N AU)TH\N U(/LHN E)/XON TH=| I)ATRIKH=|, TA\ A)NQRW/PINA SW/MATA/ FHMI, KAI\ TO\ AU)TO\ TE/LOS, OI(=ON TH\N U(GI/EIAN: A)MFO/TERA GA\R TH\N U(GEI/AN PRAGMATEU/ONTAI. E)/RRWTAI A)/RA TE/WS H( MEI/ZWN PRO/TASIS. OU)X H(/KISTA DE\ KAI\ H( E)LA/TTWN E)/RRWTAI H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI H( LOGIKH\ OU)DE\ TH\N AU)TH\N U(/LHN E)/XEI TW=| O(/LW| OU)DE\ TO\ AU)TO\ TE/LOS: KATA\ A)LH/QEIAN GA\R OU)X H( AU)TH\ U(/LH LOGIKH=S KAI\ FILOSOFI/AS, A)LLA\ TH=S ME\N LOGIKH=S EI)SIN AI( FWNAI/, TH=S DE\ FILOSOFI/AS TA\ PRA/GMATA, W(S O(RISMO\S DHLOI= O( LE/GWN AU)TH\N GNW=SIN EI)=NAI QEI/WN TE KAI\ A)NQRWPI/NWN PRAGMA/TWN. A)LL' OU)DE\ MH\N TO\ AU)TO\ TE/LOS E(KATE/RAS E)STI/N, A)LLA\ TE/LOS ME/N E)STI FILOSOFI/AS H( E)COMOI/WSIS QEW=| KATA\ TO\ DUNATO\N A)NQRW/POIS, W(S EI)/RHTAI, TH=S DE\ LOGIKH=S H( TH=S A)PODEI/CEWS GE/NESIS. EI) TOI/NUN E(KATE/RA TW=N PROTA/SEWN EU)= H(MI=N SULLELO/GISTAI/ PWS, KAI\ TO\ SUMPE/RASMA PW=S OU)K A)\N EI)/H A)LHQE/S; KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS H( A)GWGH\ TOU= DEUTE/ROU LO/GOU. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA KAI\ AU)TO\ TOIAU/THN E)/XON TH\N A)GWGH/N: I)/DION ME/ROUS E)STI/, FASI/, TO\ DI' AU(TO\ PARALAMBA/NESQAI, O)RGA/NOU DE\ TO\ DI' E(/TERON PARALAMBA/NESQAI. EI) DE\ H( LOGIKH\ OU) DI' E(AUTH\N PARALAMBA/NETAI A)LLA\ DI' E(/TERON, DIA\ TH\N A)PO/DEICIN, TO\ DE\ DI' A)/LLO PARALAMBANO/MENON TOU= DI' O(\ PARALAMBA/NETAI O)/RGANO/N E)STIN, H( LOGIKH\ A)/RA OU)K E)/STI ME/ROS TH=S FILOSOFI/AS A)LL' O)/RGANON. O(/TI DE\ OU) DI' E(AUTH\N PARALAMBA/NETAI H( LOGIKH\ A)LLA\ DI' E(/TERON, DIA\ TH\N A)PO/DEICI/N FHMI, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: H( FU/SIS OU)/TE PA/NTA H(MA=S E)/KRUYEN, E)PEI\ A)DU/NATON H)=N ZHTOU=NTAS H(MA=S EU(REI=N, A)LL' OU)DE\ MH\N PA/NTA H(MI=N E)FANE/RWSEN, E)PEI\ A)/TOPON H)=N KAI\ PERITTO\N TO\ ZHTEI=N, A)LLA\ TA\ ME\N DEI/CASA TA\ DE\ KRU/YASA ZHTHTIKOU\S H(MA=S KAI\ EU(RETIKOU\S A)PETE/LESEN. EI)/LHPTAI OU)=N H( LOGIKH\ W(S MEQO/DOUS H(MI=N PARE/XOUSA, DI' W(=N EU(RI/SKEIN @1 DUNHSO/MEQA TA\ U(PO\ TH=S FU/SEWS KEKRUMME/NA: DIA\ GA\R TW=N U(P' AU)TH=S DEIX-QE/NTWN H(MI=N TA\ MH\ DEIXQE/NTA EU(RI/SKOMEN. KALW=S OU)=N A)/RA SULLELO/GISTAI H(MI=N O(/TI DI' E(/TERON PARALAMBA/NETAI H( LOGIKH\ KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO O)/RGANON A)\N KLHQEI/H. @*(/OTI DE\ EU)= LE/GOUSIN OI( *PERIPATHTIKOI/, DEI/CWMEN KAI\ H(MEI=S DI' E(TE/RWN LO/GWN O)/RGANON OU)=SAN TH\N LOGIKH/N, E)PISFRAGI/ZONTES TOU\S H)/DH EI)RHME/NOUS LO/GOUS W(S A)LHQEI/AS METE/XONTAS. TO\ ME/ROS SUMPLHRWTIKO/N E)STI TH=S OU)SI/AS TOU= PRA/GMATOS: A)ME/LEI TOI PARO\N ME\N SW/ZEI TO\ O(/LON A)PO\N DE\ FQEI/REI: H( FILOSOFI/A XWRI\S TH=S LOGIKH=S DU/NATAI QEWRHQH=NAI KATA\ FU/SIN QEWRHTIKH/ TE OU)=SA KAI\ PRAKTIKH/: H( LOGIKH\ A)/RA OU)K E)/STAI ME/ROS FILOSOFI/AS A)LL' O)/RGANON. A)LL', W(S EI)/RHTAI, H(MEI=S OI( A)/NQRWPOI TH=S LOGIKH=S E)DEH/QHMEN PRO\S A)PO/DEICIN, TH=S DE\ A)PODEI/CEWS EI)S KATA/LHYIN TW=N KEKRUMME/NWN. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ E(/TERON LO/GON KATASKEUASTIKO\N TOU= AU)TOU= EI)PEI=N TOIOU=TON: TO\ O)/RGANON A)NAIROU/MENON OU)K A)NAIREI= TO\ O(/LON, W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ SKEPA/RNOU KAI\ TEKTONIKH=S [1TO\ GA\R SKE/PARNON A)NAIROU/MENON OU)K A)NAIREI= TO\N TE/KTONA]1: H( LOGIKH\ A)NAIROU-ME/NH OU)K A)NAIREI= TH\N FILOSOFI/AN: H( LOGIKH\ A)/RA O)/RGANON TH=S FILOSOFI/AS. KAI\ E)/STI TO\ AU)TO\ E)PIXEI/RHMA TOU=TO TH=| DUNA/MEI TW=| PROLABO/NTI, DIAFE/RON TH=| DIAFO/RW| E)PIBOLH=|. @*OI( ME\N OU)=N TW=N *PERIPATHTIKW=N KAI\ TW=N *STWI+KW=N LO/GOI TOU=TON E)/XOUSI TO\N TRO/PON, O( DE\ QEI=OS *PLA/TWN KAI\ ME/ROS AU)TH\N OI)/ETAI EI)=NAI KAI\ O)/RGANON, O(/QEN OU) DEI=TAI KATASKEUH=S: A)MFO/TEROI GA/R, FHSI/N, E)MOI\ NIKA=TE: DIA\ TOU=TO GA\R E)PIXEIRH/MATA EU)POREI=TE E(KA/TEROI, DIO/TI H( LOGIKH\ TH=S FILOSOFI/AS KAI\ ME/ROS E)STI\ KAI\ O)/RGANON, KAI\ A)LHQEU/ETE, A)/NDRES, KAI\ MA/XESQE PRO\S A)LLH/LOUS MH\ MAXO/MENOI: KAI\ GA\R ME/ROS E)STI\ KAI\ O)/RGANON. KAI\ MH\ NOMI/SHTE KATA\ TO\ AU)TO\ LE/GEIN ME TOU=TO: KAT' A)/LLO GA\R KAI\ A)/LLO ME/ROS E)STI\ KAI\ O)/RGANON, W(S E)/STI E)PI\ XEIRO\S E)CETA/SAI TO\N LO/GON KAI\ TOU= CE/STOU: KAI\ GA\R H( XEI\R KAI\ ME/ROS E)STI\ KAI\ O)/RGANON, ME/ROS ME\N TOU= O(/LOU SW/MATOS O)/RGANON DE\ DO/SEWS KAI\ LH/YEWS. O(MOI/WS KAI\ O( CE/STHS KAI\ ME/ROS KAI\ O)/RGANO/N E)STI: E)PEIDH\ GA\R DITTO\S O( CE/STHS, O( ME\N METRW=N O( DE\ METROU/MENOS, DUNATO\N ME/ROS ME\N EI)PEI=N TO\N METROU/MENON O)/RGANON DE\ TO\N METROU=NTA. W(/SPER OU)=N E)PI\ TOU/TWN E)DEI/-CAMEN O(/TI OU)K A)PEIKO\S TO\ AU)TO\ KAT' A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO KAI\ ME/ROS EI)=NAI KAI\ O)/RGANON, OU(/TW KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S LOGIKH=S OU)DE\N A)/TOPON H(MI=N SUMBH/SETAI LE/GOUSIN AU)TH\N EI)=NAI KAI\ ME/ROS KAI\ O)/RGANON: O)/RGANON ME\N O(/TE E)N YILOI=S KANO/SI QEWREI=TAI, W(S O(/TE EI)/PW O(/TI "3E)K DU/O KAQO/LOU KATAFATIKW=N KAQO/LOU KATAFATIKO\N SUNA/GETAI SUMPE/RASMA"3, ME/ROS DE\ O(/TE META\ TW=N PRAGMA/TWN AU)TW=N PARALAMBA/NETAI, W(S O(/TE EI)/PW O(/TI "3H( YUXH\ AU)TOKI/NHTOS, TO\ AU)TO-KI/NHTON A)QA/NATON, H( YUXH\ A)/RA A)QA/NATOS"3, KAI\ PA/LIN "3PA=N DI/KAION A)GAQO/N, PA=N A)GAQO\N KALO/N, PA=N A)/RA DI/KAION KALO/N"3. KAI\ A)/CION QAUMA/SAI TO/N TE *PLA/TWNA KAI\ *)ARISTOTE/LH, KAI\ TOU= ME\N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS W(S XWRI/SANTOS KAI\ E)FEURO/NTOS A)/NEU PRA/GMATOS TOU\S KAKO/NAS, *PLA/TWNOS DE\ XWRI\S KANO/NWN @1 KEXRHME/NOU TH=| A)PODEI/CEI: OI( GA\R PALAIOI\ A)PODEI=CAI ME\N H)/|DEISAN, A)PO/DEICIN DE\ POIH=SAI [A)NTI\ TOU= ME/QODON A)PODEIKTIKH/N] OU)K H)/|DEISAN, TAU)TO\ PA/SXONTES TOI=S KEXRHME/NOIS ME\N U(PODH/MASI, SKUTOTOMEI=N DE\ A)GNOOU=SI. KAI\ OU) DIA\ TOU=TO XEI/RONA TO\N *PLA/TWNA TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS OI)HTE/ON, A)LLA\ TO\ E)NANTI/ON KAI\ KREI/TTONA: OU)DE\ GA\R A)PODEIKNU\S E)KEI=NOS TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS A)PODEIKTIKH=S MEQO/DOU E)DEH/QH, A)LLA\ TOU)NANTI/ON *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH=S *PLA/TWNOS A)PODEI/CEWS. OU(/TW GOU=N KAI\ *(/OMHROS KAI\ *DHMOSQE/NHS OU)K E)DEH/QHSAN OU)/TE TOU= *PERI\ POIHTIKH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS OU)/TE TH=S *(ERMOGE/NOUS TE/XNHS, A)LLA\ TOU)NANTI/ON AU)TOI\ TOU/TWN E)DEH/QHSAN, I(/NA TA\S MEQO/DOUS SUSTH/SONTAI E)K TW=N SUGGRAM-MA/TWN AU)TW=N. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PROKEIME/NHS QEWRI/AS, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ PERI\ TH=S ZHTH/SEWS TH=S LOGIKH=S, PO/TERON ME/ROS H)\ O)/RGANON TH=S FILOSOFI/AS, KAQ-E/STHKEN. {1<20*)ARXH\ TH=S E# QEWRI/AS.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ DIA\ TA\S *KATHGORI/AS A)NH/LQAMEN E)PI\ TH\N LOGIKH/N, DIA\ DE\ TH\N LOGIKH\N E)F' O(/LHN TH\N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FILOSOFI/AN, DIANU/SANTES TH\N PERI\ TOU/-TWN QEWRI/AN, EU)= FE/RE LOIPO\N TH\N PERI\ AU)TOU= TOU= PROKEIME/NOU, TOU=T' E)/STI TW=N *KATHGORIW=N, ZH/THSIN POIHSW/MEQA, MNHSQE/NTES TW=N E)N TW=| DEKA/TW| KEFALAI/W| H(MI=N EI)RHME/NWN: E)N E)KEI/NW| GA\R MEMAQH/KAMEN W(S DEI= E(KA/STOU *)ARISTOTELIKOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS E(/C TINA PROLABEI=N, SKOPO/N TE/ FHMI KAI\ XREI/AN KAI\ TA/CIN A)NAGNW/SEWS, E)/TI D' AI)TI/AN TH=S E)PIGRAFH=S KAI\ SUGGRAFE/A KAI\ TH\N KALOUME/NHN DIASKEUH/N. OU)KOU=N TAU/THN TH\N PROQUMI/AN E)/XONTES A)RCW/MEQA A)PO\ TOU= SKOPOU=, E)PEIDH\ PRO\S AU)TO\N A(/PANTA TH\N A)NAFORA\N E)/XEI DHMOSIEU/-ONTA TH\N PROAI/RESIN TOU= PROKEIME/NOU SUGGRA/MMATOS. OU) MI/A TOI/NUN GE/GONE DO/CA PERI\ TOU= SKOPOU= TW=N *KATHGORIW=N, A)LLA\ TOSAU=TAI GEGO/NASI DO/CAI, O(/SA TA\ O)/NTA KAQE/STHKE: TRITTA\ DE\ TAU=TA, H)\ PRA/GMATA H)\ NOH/MATA H)\ FWNAI/, KAI\ TA\ ME\N PRA/GMATA QEO/QEN PARA/GETAI, TA\ DE\ NOH/MATA U(PO\ TOU= NOU=, AI( DE\ FWNAI\ U(PO\ TH=S YUXH=S. EI)S TOSAU=TA TOI/NUN KAI\ O( SKOPO\S MERI/ZETAI. TW=N [2DE\]2 DIAFO/RWN AI(RE/SEWN TOU=TON MERIZOUSW=N TREI=S GEGO/NASIN AI(RE/SEIS PERI\ TOU= SKOPOU=, KAI\ H( ME\N E)/LEGEN PERI\ FWNW=N MO/NWN DIALE/GESQAI TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LH, EI)S H(\N H)=N O( *PORFU/RIOS, H( DE\ PERI\ MO/NWN PRAGMA/TWN, EI)S H(\N H)=N O( *(ERMI=NOS, H( DE\ PERI\ MO/NWN NOHMA/TWN, EI)S H(\N H)=N *)ALE/CANDROS. KAI\ E(/KASTOS TOU/TWN MA/RTURA TH=S OI)KEI/AS DO/CHS TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LH PROEBA/LLETO, *PORFU/RIOS ME\N W(S LE/GWN TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LH PERI\ FWNW=N DIALE/GESQAI E)PISTOU=TO TO\N E(AUTOU= LO/GON E)K TH=S E)PIGRAFH=S: E)PIGE/GRAPTAI GA/R, FHSI/, TO\ SU/GGRAMMA *KATHGORI/AI, OU)-DE\N DE\ E(/TERO/N E)STI KATHGORI/A H)\ TO\ KATA\ A)/LLOU A)GOREU/ESQAI: TO\ DE\ A)GO-REU/ESQAI FWNH=S I)/DION: PERI\ FWNW=N A)/RA KAI\ MO/NON DIALAMBA/NEI. KAI\ O(/LWS @1 E)C AU)TW=N TW=N QURW=N PROANAKHRU/TTEI O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N PROAI/RESIN, LE/GWN <20O(MW/NUMA LE/GETAI,>20 TO\ DE\ <20LE/GETAI>20 OU)K E)PI\ PRAGMA/TWN A)LL' E)PI\ FWNW=N LAMBA/NETAI: W(/STE KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN E)/STIN E(LEI=N O(/TI PERI\ FWNW=N AU)TW=| O( SKOPO/S, O(/QEN KAI\ DIAIREI= AU)TA/S, H(NI/KA FHSI\N <20TW=N LEGOME/NWN TA\ ME\N KATA\ SUM-PLOKH\N LE/GETAI TA\ DE\ A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S,>20 TW=N LEGOME/NWN E)PI\ FWNH=S EI)WQO/TWN O)NOMA/ZESQAI. O( DE\ *(ERMI=NOS OI)O/MENOS AU)TO\N PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN DIALAMBA/NEIN PISTOU=TAI TO\N LO/GON AU(TOU= E)K TOU= TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LH PANTAXOU= TW=| <20E)/STI>20 PROSRH/MATI KEXRH=SQAI, O(/PER E)PI\ PRAGMA/TWN EI)/WQE LE/GESQAI. KAI\ OU) MO/NON, FHSI/N, E)K TOU/TOU E)/STI PISTW/SASQAI TO\N LO/GON, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)K TH=S DIAIRE/SEWS TH=S PARADEDOME/NHS U(P' AU)TOU= PERI\ TW=N O)/NTWN, E)/NQA FHSI\ <20TW=N O)/NTWN TA\ ME/N E)STIN E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, TA\ DE\ KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU TINO\S LE/GETAI,>20 W(S DH=LON O(/TI PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN E)STI\N AU)TW=| O( SKOPO/S. KAI\ MH/TIS A)PORH/SH| PRO\S TO\N *(ERMI=NON LE/GWN O(/TI O(/SON E)PI\ TOU/TW| TW=| LO/GW| SUMBH/SETAI EI)=NAI TO\N SKOPO\N TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS PERI\ FWNW=N, TW=N FWNW=N AU)TW=N OU)SW=N: E)REI= GA\R I)/SWS TIS PRO\S AU)TO/N, U(PE\R *(ERMI/NOU TO\N LO/GON POI-OU/MENOS, O(/TI AI( FWNAI\ KAI\ OI( LO/GOI OU) LE/GONTAI KURI/WS EI)=NAI, A)LL' E)N TW=| GI/GNESQAI TO\ EI)=NAI E)/XOUSIN, W(S MAQHSO/MEQA. O( DE\ *)ALE/CANDROS U(POLAM-BA/NWN AU)TO\N PERI\ NOHMA/TWN DIALE/GESQAI, E)C E(KATE/RWN LAMBA/NWN TA\S A)F-ORMA\S KATESKEU/AZE TO\N E(AUTOU= LO/GON: FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI A)MFO/TEROI E)MOI\ NIKA=TE, W(S E)K DIAIRE/SEWS DEI/CWMEN: TW=N O)/NTWN TA\ ME\N MO/NWS A)GGE/LLEI, TA\ DE\ MO/NWS A)GGE/LLETAI, TA\ DE\ KAI\ A)GGE/LLEI KAI\ A)GGE/LLETAI. MO/NWS ME\N OU)=N A)GGE/LLOUSIN AI( FWNAI/, MO/NWS DE\ A)GGE/LLONTAI TA\ PRA/GMATA, A)GGE/LLEI DE\ KAI\ A)GGE/LLETAI TA\ DIANOH/MATA: A)GGE/LLEI ME\N GA\R TA\ PRA/GMATA, A)GGE/LLETAI DE\ U(PO\ TW=N FWNW=N: OU)KOU=N ME/SA E)STI\ TA\ NOH/MATA TW=N TE FWNW=N KAI\ TW=N PRAGMA/TWN. LE/GETE DE\ U(MEI=S O(/TI PERI\ FWNW=N KAI\ PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN ZHTEI=, ME/SA DE\ TOU/TWN TA\ NOH/MATA, O( DE\ PERI\ TW=N A)/KRWN DIALAMBA/NWN PERI\ TW=N ME/SWN DIALAMBA/NEI: PERI\ NOHMA/TWN A)/RA AU)TW=| O( SKOPO/S. EU)POREI= DE\ O( *)ALE/CANDROS KAI\ A)/LLOU LO/GOU TOIOU/TOU: TOSOU=TO/N FHSIN O(/TI PERI\ NOHMA/-TWN E)STI\N AU)TW=| O( SKOPO/S, O(/TI E)N TW=| TE/LEI TW=N *KATHGORIW=N FHSIN <20U(PE\R ME\N OU)=N TW=N PROTEQE/NTWN GENW=N I(KANA\ TAU=TA.>20 EI) TOI/NUN PERI\ GENW=N, W(S EI)/RHTAI, E)STI\N AU)TW=| O( SKOPO/S, OI)=DE DE\ PA/LIN H( LOGIKH\ OU) TA\ PRO\ TW=N POLLW=N [1QEOLOGI/AS GA\R E)/RGON TOU=TO]1, OU)DE\ TA\ E)N TOI=S POLLOI=S [1FUSIOLOGI/AS GA\R TOU=TO]1, A)LLA\ TA\ E)NNOHMATIKA\ TA\ E)PI\ TOI=S POLLOI=S KAI\ U(STEROGENH=, PW=S OU)K E)/STAI AU)TW=| O( SKOPO\S PERI\ NOHMA/TWN E)NTAU=QA, EI)/ GE LOGIKH/ E)STIN H( META\ XEI=RAS PRAGMATEI/A; KAI\ OU(/TW ME\N AI( TREI=S AI(RE/SEIS TO\ OI)KEI=ON E)C AU)TOU= TOU= FILOSO/FOU PISTOU/MENAI PROI/+ESAN. O( DE\ QEI=OS *)IA/MBLIXOS, E)PIGENO/MENOS U(/STERON, FHSI\ PRO\S AU)TOU\S O(/TI MA/XESQE, A)/N-QRWPOI, MH\ MAXO/MENOI: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ A)LHQEU/ETE KAI\ OU)K A)LHQEU/ETE: A)LH-QEU/EI GA\R E(/KASTOS U(MW=N LE/GWN TOU=TON EI)=NAI TO\N SKOPO\N TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS, @1 YEU/DETAI DE/, O(/TI TOU=TON LE/GEI KAI\ MO/NON [H)\ PERI\ FWNW=N MO/NWS EI)/RHTAI H)\ PERI\ NOHMA/TWN MO/NON H)\ PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN MO/NON]. W(/SPER EI)/ POU O(RIZO/MENO/S TIS TO\N A)/NQRWPON EI)/POI AU)TO\N H)\ ZW=|ON MO/NON EI)=NAI H)\ LOGIKO\N H)\ QNHTO\N MO/NON, A)LHQEU/EI ME/N, E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA E)/STIN O( A)/NQRWPOS, YEU/DETAI DE\ E(\N E(/KASTON MO/NON EI)=NAI LE/GWN TO\N A)/NQRWPON: OU(/TW KAI\ O( PERI\ FWNW=N MO/NON H)\ PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN H)\ PERI\ NOHMA/TWN MO/NON OI)O/MENOS TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LH LE/GEIN KATORQOI= TI KAI\ OU) KATORQOI=: KATORQOI= ME/N, E)PEIDH\ MERIKW=S PWS H(/YATO TOU= SKOPOU=, OU) KATORQOI= DE/, E)PEIDH\ MH\ TELEI/WS H)DUNH/QH A)PODOU=NAI TO\N SKOPO\N TOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS: E)/STIN OU)=N TW=| O)/NTI O( SKOPO\S TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS OU)/TE PERI\ FWNW=N MO/NON OU)/TE PERI\ NOHMA/TWN MO/NON OU)/TE PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN MO/NON, A)LLA\ PERI\ TW=N TRIW=N A(/MA, FWNW=N, NOHMA/TWN, PRAGMA/TWN: OU)DE\ GA\R DUNA-TO\N PERI\ E(NO\S DIALEXQH=NAI A)/NEU TW=N LOIPW=N. @*KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO OU(/TWS E)/XEI, E)RWTH/SWMEN TOU\S PERI\ FWNW=N KAI\ MO/NON LE/GONTAS AU)TO\N ZHTEI=N O(/TI OI( BOULO/MENOI TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LH DIALEXQH=NAI PERI\ FWNW=N, PERI\ POI/WN A)/RA BOU/LESQE; A)SH/MWN H)\ SHMANTIKW=N; A)SH/MWN ME\N OU)DAMW=S: GRAMMATIKH=S GA\R I)/DION TA\S TOIAU/TAS SKOPEI=N, OI(=S OU)DE\N DIAFE/REI TO\ SKINDAYO\S KAI\ *(/OMHROS KATA\ KLI/SIN. OU)KOU=N EI) MH\ PERI\ A)SH/MWN E)STI\N AU)TW=| O( LO/GOS, PERI\ SHMANTIKW=N A)/RA. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ AI( SHMANTIKAI\ FWNAI\ PRAGMA/TWN EI)SI\ SHMANTIKAI/, KAI\ PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN A)/RA ZHTEI=: TAU=TA DE\ A)/KRA, W(S A)/NW DE/DEIKTAI: O( DE\ PERI\ TW=N A)/KRWN DIALEGO/MENOS KAI\ TA\ ME/SA PERI-LAMBA/NEI, A(/PER E)STI\ TA\ NOH/MATA: KAI\ PERI\ NOHMA/TWN A)/RA E)STI\N AU)TW=| O( LO/GOS. OU)KOU=N E)/XOMEN A)NAFANE\N H(MI=N TE/WS TOU=TO, O(/TI O( PERI\ FWNW=N DIA-LEGO/MENOS KAI\ PERI\ NOHMA/TWN KAI\ PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN DIALE/GETAI. PA/LIN OI( PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN LE/GONTES EI)=NAI TO\N SKOPO\N KAI\ MO/NWN TW=| *)ARISTOTE/LEI E)RWTW=SIN H(MI=N A)POKRINE/SQWSAN: PW=S PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN AU)TO\N LE/GETE DIALE/GE-SQAI; A)=RA PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN H(=| PRA/GMATA H)\ W(S U(PO\ FWNW=N SHMAINOME/NWN; OU) DH/POU E)REI=TE AU)TO\N PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN H(=| PRA/GMATA E)/XEIN TO\N SKOPO\N E)N TOU/TW|: PRW/THS GA\R FILOSOFI/AS E)/RGON E)STI\ TOU=TO. OU)KOU=N W(S U(PO\ FWNW=N SHMAINOME/NWN. %2%2 ZHTEI= TAU=TA: OU) DH/POU GA\R DAKTU/LW| DEI/KNUSI TAU=TA FILOSOFW=N: OU)KOU=N KAI\ PERI\ FWNW=N E)STIN AU)TW=| O( LO/GOS. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ SHMAI/NOUSI TA\ PRA/GMATA AI( FWNAI\ DIA\ ME/SWN NOHMA/TWN, KAI\ PERI\ NOHMA/-TWN E)STI\N A)/RA AU)TW=| FRONTI/S. KAI\ PA/LIN A)NAPE/FANTAI H(MI=N TO\ E)C A)RXH=S, O(/TI O( PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN DIALEGO/MENOS KAI\ PERI\ TW=N LOIPW=N DIALE/GETAI. A)LLA\ DH\ KAI\ OI( PERI\ NOHMA/TWN LE/GONTES AU)TO\N E)/XEIN TO\N SKOPO\N EI)S ME/SON A)GE/SQWSAN: E)RWTHTE/ON GA\R AU)TOU\S O(/TI OI( PERI\ NOHMA/TWN BOULO/MENOI TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHN DIALABEI=N, POI/WN A)/RA NOHMA/TWN; A)=RA TW=N E)PI\ YILH=| E)PINOI/A|; OU)DAMW=S. OU)KOU=N TW=N SHMAINO/NTWN. TI/ SHMAI/NOUSI DE/; TA\ PRA/GMATA: DH=LON A)/RA O(/TI KAI\ PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN DIALE/GETAI. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ MH\ MO/NON SH-MAI/NOUSIN, A)LLA\ KAI\ SHMAI/NONTAI U(PO\ TW=N FWNW=N, DH=LON A)/RA KAI\ PERI\ @1 FWNW=N DIALEXQH/SETAI. KAI\ A)/LLWS: EI) DE/DEIKTAI O(/TI ME/SA TA\ NOH/MATA FWNW=N KAI\ PRAGMA/TWN, O( PERI\ TW=N ME/SWN DIALEGO/MENOS PW=S OU) DIALEXQH/-SETAI KAI\ PERI\ TW=N A)/KRWN; E)K TOU/TWN TOI/NUN E)/XOMEN W(S E)/STIN O( SKOPO\S TW=N *KATHGORIW=N PERI\ FWNW=N KAI\ NOHMA/TWN KAI\ PRAGMA/TWN. FWNA\S ME\N OU)=N H(=| FWNAI\ SKOPEI=N GRAMMATIKH=S E)/RGON, NOH/MATA DE\ H(=| NOH/MATA TH=S PERI\ YUXH=S PRAGMATEI/AS, PRA/GMATA DE\ H(=| PRA/GMATA TH=S PRW/THS FILOSOFI/AS: E)PEI\ TOI/NUN TO\ PARO\N BIBLI/ON OU)/TE PRW/TH E)STI\ FILOSOFI/A OU)/TE YUXH=S QEWRI/A OU)/TE GRAMMATIKO\N SU/GGRAMMA, OU) SKOPH/SEI TA\ PRA/GMATA H(=| PRA/-GMATA OU)DE\ TA\ NOH/MATA H(=| NOH/MATA OU)DE\ TA\S FWNA\S H(=| FWNAI/, A)LLA\ SKO-PH/SEI TA\S FWNA\S W(S SHMAINOU/SAS PRA/GMATA DIA\ ME/SWN NOHMA/TWN. OU)KOU=N SKOPO\S TW=N *KATHGORIW=N DIALEXQH=NAI PERI\ FWNW=N PRA/GMATA SHMAINOUSW=N DIA\ ME/SWN NOHMA/TWN, KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N, PERI\ FWNW=N KAI\ PRAGMA/TWN KAI\ NOHMA/TWN DIALE/GETAI KATA\ TH\N PRO\S A)/LLHLA SXE/SIN. @*)ALL' OU)/PW E)/XOMEN TE/LEION TO\N TW=N *KATHGORIW=N SKOPO/N: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ TA\ *)ANALUTIKA/, TOU=T' E)/STIN H( PERI\ SULLOGISMW=N PRAGMATEI/A, KAI\ TO\ *PERI\ E(RMHNEI/AS, O(/ E)STI TO\ PERI\ PROTA/SEWN SU/GGRAMMA, TOIOU=TON E)PIDE/XETAI TO\N SKOPO/N. OU)KOU=N PRO\S XWRISMO\N TOU/TWN R(HTE/ON O(/TI E)KEI=NA ME\N PERI\ SUN-QE/TWN FWNW=N DIALE/GETAI, TOU=TO DE\ PERI\ A(PLW=N. O(/QEN LEKTE/ON TO\N SKOPO\N EI)=NAI TW=N *KATHGORIW=N PERI\ A(PLW=N FWNW=N PRA/GMATA A(PLA= SHMAINOUSW=N DIA\ ME/SWN A(PLW=N NOHMA/TWN. A)LLA\ PA/LIN OU)DE\ OU(/TWS E)/XOMEN TE/LEION TO\N SKOPO\N TW=N *KATHGORIW=N: KAI\ GA\R E)N A)RXH=| TOU= *PERI\ E(RMHNEI/AS PERI\ O)NO/MATOS KAI\ R(H/MATOS DIALE/GETAI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS: TAU=TA DE\ W(MOLO/GHTAI EI)=NAI PARA\ PA=SIN A(PLAI= FWNAI\ PRAGMA/TWN A(PLW=N SHMANTIKAI\ DIA\ ME/SWN A(PLW=N NOHMA/-TWN. OU)KOU=N PRO\S XWRISMO\N TOU/TWN PROSQETE/ON "3KATA\ TH\N PRW/THN QE/SIN,"3 E)KEI/NWN TH=S PRW/THS QE/SEWS MH\ OU)SW=N, A)LLA\ MA=LLON TH=S DEUTE/RAS QE/SEWS. A)LL' I(/NA MA/QWMEN TI/S H( PRW/TH QE/SIS KAI\ TI/S H( DEUTE/RA QE/SIS, E)/NQEN A)RCW/MEQA: I)STE/ON TOI/NUN O(/TI H( FU/SIS KOINWNIKO\N TO\N A)/NQRWPON E)BOU/LETO PROAGAGEI=N: OU)KOU=N TOU=TON E)/XOUSA TO\N SKOPO\N KAI\ TO\ DIALE/GESQAI AU)TW=| DEDW/RHTAI, I(/NA SHMA=NAI DU/NHTAI TOI=S PE/LAS TA\ PRA/GMATA. OU)K A)\N DE\ KOINWNEI=N OU(/TWS H)DU/NATO, EI) MH\ KAI\ KATA\ TA\S FWNA\S H( KOINWNI/A H)=N, O(\N TRO/PON OU)DE\ OI( DIAFO/ROUS E)/XONTES NO/MOUS TH=S AU)TH=S EI)=NAI DU/NANTAI POLI-TEI/AS. KOINWNI/A DE\ TW=N FWNW=N E)/NQEN E)GE/NETO: XORO\S SOFW=N A)NDRW=N SUN-ELQW\N E(KA/STW| PRA/GMATI I)/DION A)FW/RISEN O)/NOMA, KAI\ TO\ ME\N E)KA/LESAN OU)SI/AN TO\ DE\ SUMBEBHKO/S, KAI\ A(PLOI=S PRA/GMASIN A(PLA= E)/QENTO TA\ O)NO/MATA, KAI\ OU(/TW PARA\ PA=SIN XARAKTHRI/ZETAI. AU(/TH LE/GETAI PRW/TH QE/SIS. EI)=TA E)PEIDH\ E(W/RWN TA\ ME\N TW=N U(P' AU)TW=N TEQE/NTWN O)NOMA/TWN E)PIDEXO/MENA A)/RQRA, TA\ DE\ MH\ E)PIDEXO/MENA A)LLA\ KAI\ XRO/NON SHMAI/NONTA, E)KA/LOUN TA\ ME\N O)NO/MATA TA\ DE\ R(H/MATA. KAI\ E)KA/LOUN TAU/THN DEUTE/RAN QE/SIN. E)PEI\ OU)=N TI/ E)STIN PRW/TH QE/SIS KAI\ TI/ DEUTE/RA MEMAQH/KAMEN, EI)/PWMEN OU(/TWS: O(/TI SKOPO/S E)STI TW=N *KATH-GORIW=N DIALEXQH=NAI PERI\ A(PLW=N FWNW=N PRA/GMATA A(PLA= SHMAINOUSW=N DIA\ @1 ME/SWN A(PLW=N NOHMA/TWN KATA\ TH\N PRW/THN QE/SIN. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS E)STI\N O( SKOPO/S. @*XRH/SIMON DE/ E)STIN PRO\S PA=SAN FILOSOFI/AN: H( GA\R FILOSOFI/A TA\ O)/NTA DIDA/SKEIN E)PAGGE/LLETAI: TA\ DE\ O)/NTA U(PO\ TA\S DE/KA KATHGORI/AS A)NA/GONTAI: XRH/SIMON A)/RA TO\ BIBLI/ON PRO\S TH\N FILOSOFI/AN. [EI) DE\ KAI\ DOKEI= TO\ SH-MEI=ON [2A)NA/GEIN U(PO\]2 TA\S KATHGORI/AS, A)LL' OU)=N KAQ' E(/TERON TRO/PON U(P' AU)TAI=S E)STI: TO\ GA\R SHMEI=ON A)RXH/ E)STIN, H( DE\ A)RXH\ TW=N PRO/S TI, TO\ DE\ PRO/S TI MI/A TW=N KATHGORIW=N.] XRHSIMEU/EI DE\ PA/LIN KAI\ EI)S A)PO/DEICIN. H( DE\ A)PO/DEICIS EI)S E(KA/TERON ME/ROS TH=S FILOSOFI/AS E)STI/N, EI)/S TE TO\ QEWRHTI-KO\N KAI\ PRAKTIKO/N, I(/NA TA\ ME\N FAINO/MENA DIA\ TH=S A)PODEI/CEWS E)N TW=| QEW-RHTIKW=| PRESBEU/SWMEN W(S A)LHQH=, TA\ DE\ E)N TW=| PRAKTIKW=| A)GAQA\ DIAPRA-CW/MEQA. @*)EPIGE/GRAPTAI DE\ TO\ BIBLI/ON <20*KATHGORI/AI,>20 TW=| TH=S KATHGORI/AS O)NO/MATI E)NTAU=QA OU) DHLOU=NTES TH\N E)PI\ E)GKLH/MATOS DI/KHN, A)LLA\ SHMAI/NONTES TO\ KATA/ TINOS A)GOREU/ESQAI: TW=N GA\R O)/NTWN TA\ ME\N MO/NWS U(PO/KEINTAI, W(S TA\ A)/TOMA, TA\ DE\ MO/NWS KATHGOREI=TAI, W(S TA\ GENIKW/TATA, TA\ DE\ ME/SA KAI\ U(P-A/LLHLA, A(/TINA KAI\ U(PO/KEINTAI KAI\ KATHGOREI=TAI. E)PEI\ OU)=N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)NTAU=QA PERI\ TW=N GENIKWTA/TWN DIELE/GETO, E)PE/GRAYEN TO\ BIBLI/ON *KATHGORI/AS, OU(/TW KALW=N TA\ GENIKW/TATA GE/NH. EI)KO/TWS: EI) GA\R KAI\ A)/LLA KATHGOROU=NTAI, A)LL' OU) DH/POU KAI\ KATHGORI/AI LE/GONTAI, O(/TI MH\ A)KRAIFNW=S METE/XOUSI TOU= KATHGOREI=SQAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ U(PO/KEINTAI. TA\ DE\ GENIKW/TATA, A(/TE MO/NWS KATH-GOROU/MENA MHDE/POTE DE\ U(POKEI/MENA, EI)KO/TWS KATHGORI/AI KLHQH/SONTAI. KAI\ MH\ A)PORH/SH| TIS LE/GWN DIA\ TI/ E)PE/GRAYE ME\N *KATHGORI/AS, *PERI\ KATHGORIW=N DE\ OU)K E)PE/GRAYEN: E)RW= GA\R PRO\S AU)TO\N O(/TI, W(S A)\N EI)/POI TIS, BOULO/MENOS SWMATOPOIH=SAI TO\N LO/GON KAI\ DI' AU)TOU= SHMA=NAI TA\ PRA/GMATA E)XRH/SATO TOIAU/TH| E)PIGRAFH=|. OU(/TW GOU=N PRO\ AU)TOU= O( *PLA/TWN E)PE/GRAYE *FAI=DROS, *)ALKIBIA/DHS, KAI\ META\ TOU=TON *)ARISTEI/DHS TA\ U(PE\R TW=N STRATHGW=N E)GKW/MIA OU)X *(UPE\R AU)TW=N E)PE/GRAYEN, A)LLA\ TOI=S O)NO/MASI TW=N E)GKWMIAZOME/NWN E)PE/-GRAYEN, *QEMISTOKLH=S EI)PW\N KAI\ *PERIKLH=S KAI\ *KI/MWN KAI\ *MILTIA/DHS, W(S TW=N LO/GWN, W(S EI)/RHTAI, SHMAINO/NTWN TA\ PRA/GMATA KAI\ MIMOUME/NWN AU)TA/. MH/TIS DE\ E)PIGRA/YH| *PERI\ GENW=N, W(/SPER O( *)ARXU/TAS [GE/NH] E)PE/GRAYE TA\S *KATHGORI/AS: TA\ GA\R GE/NH E)NNOHMATIKA/ E)STIN, W(/S FHSIN O( *PORFU/RIOS E)N TW=| *PERI\ GE/NOUS "3OU)DE\N A)/RA PERIE/XEI PERITTO\N OU)DE\ E)LLEI=PON H( TOU= GE/NOUS R(HQEI=SA U(POGRAFH\ TH=S E)NNOI/AS"3. MHDE\ MH\N *PRO\ TW=N TO/PWN TIS TA\S *KATHGO-RI/AS E)PIGRA/YH|, W(/SPER OI( POLLOI\ E)PE/GRAYAN: OU) MO/NON GA\R PRO\ TW=N *TO/PWN E)STI\ TO\ PARO\N BIBLI/ON, A)LLA\ KAI\ PRO\ TOU= *PERI\ E(RMHNEI/AS KAI\ TW=N A)/LLWN. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS TA\ TH=S E)PIGRAFH=S. @*)=ARA GNH/SIO/N E)STI TOU= PALAIOU= TO\ BIBLI/ON H)\ OU)/; TINE\S ME\N OU)=N NOQEU/-OUSI TO\ BIBLI/ON DIA\ TE/SSARAS AI)TI/AS, W(=N H( PRW/TH TOIAU/THN E)/XEI TH\N A)GW- @1GH/N: TOSOU=TON, FASI/, NO/QON E)STI\ TO\ BIBLI/ON, O(/TI E)NTAU=QA ME\N O(MWNU/MWN KAI\ SUNWNU/MWN E)MNHMO/NEUSEN, E)N DE\ TH=| *FUSIKH=| TW=N O(MWNU/MWN KAI\ TW=N SUN-WNU/MWN KAI\ TW=N E(TERWNU/MWN KAI\ TW=N POLUWNU/MWN, W(S DH=LON O(/TI NO/QON E)STI\ TO\ BIBLI/ON W(S MH\ SUNW|DA\ FQEGGO/MENON TOI=S E)N TH=| *FUSIKH=| EI)RHME/NOIS. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN H(MEI=S H)\ O(/TI OU)K E)DEH/QH H( PAROU=SA DIDASKALI/A PLH\N TW=N DU/O TOU/TWN, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO AU)TW=N E)MNHMO/NEUSEN TAU)TO/N TI PA/SXWN TOI=S GEWME/TRAIS, OI(/TINES POLLW=N O)/NTWN EI)DW=N MO/NHS EU)QEI/AS KAI\ PERIFEROU=S GRAMMH=S ME/MNHNTAI, H)\ O(/TI DIA\ TOU/TWN SUMPERIE/LABEN E)KEI=NA TA\ O)/NTA: TO\ GA\R O(MW/NUMON E)NANTI/ON E)STI\ POLUWNU/MW| TO\ DE\ SUNW/NUMON TW=| E(TERWNU/MW|: TO\ ME\N GA\R O(MW/NUMON E(\N MO/NON O)/NOMA SHMAI/NEI POLLA\ DE\ PRA/GMATA, TO\ DE\ A)/LLO TO\ A)NA/PALIN POLLA\ ME\N O)NO/MATA E(\N DE\ PRA=GMA. PA/LIN TO\ SUN-W/NUMON TOU= E(TERWNU/MOU DIAFE/REI, KAQO\ TO\ ME\N SUNW/NUMON O)NO/MATOS KAI\ [OU)] PRA/GMATOS KOINWNEI=, TO\ DE\ E(TERW/NUMON OU)DETE/ROU. KAI\ H( ME\N A)GWGH\ TH=S PRW/THS AI)TI/AS TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON. DEUTE/RAN AI)TI/AN PROBA/LLONTAI TOIAU/THN: TOSOU=TO/N FASIN O(/TI NO/QON E)STI\ TO\ BIBLI/ON, O(/TI E)NTAU=QA ME\N LE/GEI TH\N AU)TH\N EI)=NAI METABOLH\N KAI\ KI/NHSIN, E)N DE\ TH=| *FUSIKH=| KAQOLIKWTE/RAN TH\N METABOLH\N TH=S KINH/SEWS. A)LLA\ PRO\S TOU=TO PA/LIN E)/STIN EI)PEI=N O(/TI OU) PROE/KEITO E)NTAU=QA AU)TW=| FUSIOLOGH=SAI: DIO\ W(S MH\ E)/XWN TOU=TON TO\N SKOPO/N, A)LLA\ KAI\ W(S PRO\S A)TELESTE/ROUS POIOU/MENOS TO\N LO/GON, OU)K H)KRIBOLOGH/SATO PERI\ TH\N A)PO/DOSIN TH=S DIAFORA=S TOU/TWN. TRI/THN AI)TI/AN TOIAU/THN LE/GOUSIN: TOSOU=TO/N FASIN O(/TI NO/QON E)STI\ TO\ BIBLI/ON, O(/TI E)NTAU=QA ME\N TO\ E)PISTHTO\N PRO/TERON EI)=NAI LE/GEI TH=S E)PISTH/MHS, E)N DE\ TH=| *FUSIKH=| A(/MA TA\ PRO/S TI/ FHSIN EI)=NAI. A)LLA\ PRO\S TOU=TO E)/STIN PA/LIN EI)PEI=N O(/TI E(KA/TEROS LO/GOS TOU= FILOSO/FOU E)STI\N A)LHQH/S: TA\ GA\R PRO/S TI KAI\ A(/MA E)STI\ KAI\ OU)X A(/MA: A(/MA ME\N W(S PRO/S TI KAI\ W(S E)/XONTA SXE/SIN PRO\S A)/LLHLA, OU)X A(/MA DE\ W(S PRA/GMATA. E)N ME\N OU)=N *FUSIKOI=S LO/GOIS E)CETA/ZWN TH\N SXE/SIN AU)TW=N A(/MA TH=| FU/SEI LE/GEI EI)=NAI TA\ PRO/S TI, E)NTAU=QA DE\ W(S PRA/GMATA AU)TA\ BASANI/ZWN OU)X A(/MA AU)TA\ LE/GEI EI)=NAI. TETA/RTH AI)TI/A: TOSOU=TON, FASI/, NO/QON E)STI\ TO\ BIBLI/ON, O(/TI E)N ME\N TAI=S A)/LLAIS AU)TOU= PRAGMATEI/AS TH\N KAQO/LOU OU)SI/AN PROTIMA=| TH=S MERIKH=S, E)NTAU=QA DE\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN TH\N MERIKH\N PROTA/TTEI TH=S KAQO/LOU OU)SI/AS. DUOI=N OU)=N QA/TERON: H)\ PA/SAS TA\S PRAGMATEI/AS AU)TOU= DI/-KAION NOQEU=SAI H)\ TH\N PROKEIME/NHN: A)LLA\ MH\N A)DU/NATO/N E)STIN H(MA=S NO-QEU=SAI PA/SAS TA\S PRAGMATEI/AS: TH\N PROKEIME/NHN A)/RA DEI= NOQEU=SAI. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, E)/XOMEN TO\ ZHTOU/MENON. 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KAI\ A)PODIDO/ASI TOU/TOU PRW/THN AI)TI/AN TOIAU/THN: O(/TI E)MNHMO/NEUSEN TW=N DU/O TOU/TWN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS W(S FILOSU/NTOMOS KELEU/SAS H(MA=S PROSUPAKOU/EIN TA\ LOIPA/: DIA\ GA\R TOU= E(NO\S TW=N E)NANTI/WN DHLOU=TAI KAI\ TO\ A)/LLO. DIO\ A)F' E(KATE/RAS A)NTIQE/SEWS E(\N SKE/LOS E)/LABEN: A)NTI/KEITAI GA\R TO\ ME\N O(MW/NUMON TW=| POLUWNU/MW|, TO\ DE\ SUNW/NUMON TW=| E(TERWNU/MW|. MNHMONEU/SAS OU)=N O(MWNU/MWN E)KE/LEUSEN H(MA=S PROSUPAKOU=SAI TA\ POLUW/NUMA, MNHMONEU/SAS DE\ TW=N SUNWNU/MWN E)KE/LEUSEN H(MA=S PROSUPAKOU=SAI TA\ E(TERW/NUMA: TW=N GA\R A)NTIKEIME/NWN MI/A E)STI\N E)PI-STH/MH. H)\ OU)=N TOU=TO R(HTE/ON H)\ E)KEI=NO: O(/TI TOU/TWN ME\N E)MNHMO/NEUSEN GEW-METRIKW=| TRO/PW|, DIO/TI MO/NON AU(=TAI AI( FWNAI\ SUMBA/LLONTAI AU)TW=| PRO\S TA\S KATHGORI/AS: OU(/TWS GA\R KAI\ O( GEWME/TRHS PLEIO/NWN OU)SW=N GRAMMW=N MO/NON TH=S PERIFEROU=S KAI\ TH=S EU)QEI/AS ME/MNHTAI, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ TOU/TWN MO/NON XRH/|ZEI. E)NTAU=QA ME\N OU)=N O(MWNU/MWN KAI\ SUNWNU/MWN E)DEH/QH, E)PEIDH\ AI( KATHGORI/AI GE/NH E)STI\ GENIKW/TATA: W(S ME\N OU)=N GE/NH SUNWNU/MWS TW=N U(P' AU)TA\ KATHGOROU=NTAI EI)DW=N, W(S DE\ GENIKW/TATA GE/NH E)/XOUSIN O(/RON TO\ O)\N O(MWNU/MWS KAT' AU)TW=N FERO/MENON. E)N DE\ R(HTORIKAI=S TE/XNAIS KAI\ A)/LLAIS @1 PRAGMATEI/AIS PARAPLHSI/WS POLUWNU/MWN KAI\ E(TERWNU/MWN E)DEH/QH, E)PEIDH\ PH=| ME\N DIDA/SKEI O(/TI TO\ AU)TO\ POLLAXW=S E)/STIN EI)PEI=N, O(/PER OI)KEI=ON POLUWNU/MWN, PH=| DE\ O(/TI DI' E(TE/RWN O)NOMA/TWN TA\ E(/TERA E)/STI DHLW=SAI DIA\ TO\ A)SU/GXUTON KAI\ DIHRQRWME/NON TH=S DIDASKALI/AS. E)/TI DE\ TOU=TO A)NAPE/FANTAI H(MI=N O(/TI PRO\S DIALEKTIKH\N MA=LLON PROPARASKEUH\N O(RA=| TAU=TA H)\ PRO\S TH\N TW=N PRAGMA/TWN FU/SIN, TA\ DE\ O(MW/NUMA KAI\ SUNW/NUMA PRAGMATEIW/DH PRO\S A)/LLHLA DIAFORA\N E)/XEI, H(\N KAI\ PROTI/QETAI O( FILO/SOFOS DIDA/CAI. @*)ALLA\ PA/LIN ZHTOU=SI TI/ DH/POTE O(MW/NUMA TW=N SUNWNU/MWN PROE/TACEN. KAI/ FASI TOU/TOU DU/O AI)TI/AS: MI/AN ME\N O(/TI TW=N O(MWNU/MWN E)MNHMO/NEUSEN PRO/TERON W(S A(PLOUSTE/RWN: TAU=TA GA\R MI/AN E)/XOUSI KOINWNI/AN, TH\N KATA\ TO\ O)/NOMA, TA\ DE\ SUNW/NUMA KAI\ KATA\ TO\ O)/NOMA KAI\ KATA\ TO\N LO/GON E)/XOUSI TH\N KOINWNI/AN, W(S EI)/RHTAI. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N TA\ O(MW/NUMA A(PLOU/STERA/ E)STI, TOU/-TOU XA/RIN PROE/TACEN AU)TA/: A)EI\ GA\R PROTEREU/EI H( MONA\S TH=S DUA/DOS. DEU-TE/RA AI)TI/A TOIAU/TH: O(/TI TW=N O(MWNU/MWN PRO/TERON E)MNHMO/NEUSEN, DIO/TI TO\ O)\N GENIKW/TERON O)\N TW=N KATHGORIW=N O(MWNU/MWS FE/RETAI KAT' AU)TW=N, AI( DE\ KATHGORI/AI SUNWNU/MWS TW=N U(P' AU)TA\ EI)DW=N KATHGOROU=NTAI: E)PEIDH\ OU)=N TA\ O(MW/NUMA TOU= GENIKWTE/ROU E)STI/, FHMI\ DH\ TOU= O)/NTOS, TOU/TOU XA/RIN PRO-E/TACEN TH\N PERI\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN DIDASKALI/AN. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ KALW=S EI)/RHTAI H(MI=N H( AI)TI/A TH=S XREI/AS TW=N MNHMONEUQE/NTWN E)N TW=| PROOIMI/W|, A)LLA\ DH\ KAI\ TH=S TA/CEWS H(MI=N SESAFH/NISTAI, KATAPAU/SWMEN TH\N PAROU=SAN QEWRI/AN. A)NAGNW=MEN DE\ TH\N LE/CIN TOU= SUGGRAFE/WS, I(/NA E(KA/STWN A)PODW=MEN TH\N E)CH/GHSIN. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A Z#.]2>20}1 {1<20*(OMW/NUMA LE/GETAI.>20}1 @*DH=LOS E)K QURW=N AU)TW=N O( *)IAMBLI/XEIOS SKOPO\S O( LE/GWN O(/TI KAI\ PERI\ FWNW=N KAI\ NOHMA/TWN KAI\ PRAGMA/TWN E)STI\N AU)TW=| O( SKOPO/S. EI)=PEN GA\R <20O(MW/NUMA,>20 A(/TINA O(MW/NUMA KAI\ PRA/GMATA/ E)STI KAI\ SHMAI/NONTAI U(PO\ FWNW=N DIA\ ME/SWN NOHMA/TWN. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N DIA\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN DE/DEIKTAI O(/TI PERI\ TW=N TRIW=N E)STIN AU)TW=| O( SKOPO/S. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)K TOU= <20LE/GETAI>20 E)/STIN E(LEI=N TO\N SKOPO/N: TO\ GA\R LE/GETAI KAI\ E)PI\ FWNW=N KAI\ E)PI\ NOHMA/TWN KAI\ E)PI\ PRAGMA/TWN E)FARMO/ZEI: OU(/TW GA\R TO\N BARBARI/ZONTA KAI\ SOLOIKI/-ZONTA/ FAMEN KAKW=S LE/GEIN, TH\N FWNH\N MEMFO/MENOI. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TO\N H)LI/QIO/N FAMEN KAKW=S LE/GEIN, TH\N DIA/NOIAN MEMFO/MENOI. A)LLA\ MH\N O(MOI/WS KAI\ TO\N YEUDO/MENO/N FAMEN KAKW=S LE/GEIN, TW=N PRAGMA/TWN KATAGIGNW/SKONTES. EI) TOI/NUN TO\ LE/GETAI KATA\ TW=N TRIW=N FE/RETAI, E)XRH/SATO DE\ AU)TW=| O( *)ARI- @1STOTE/LHS E)NTAU=QA, PW=S OU)K E)/STI DH=LON O(/TI PERI\ TW=N TRIW=N E)STIN AU)TW=| O( SKOPO/S; KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TH=S E)KFA/NSEWS TOU= SKOPOU=. @*ZHTOU=SI DE/ TINES O(/ TI DH/POTE EI)=PEN <20O(MW/NUMA>20 KAI\ OU)X O(MW/NUMON E(NIKW=S. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI EI)KO/TWS: H( GA\R O(MWNUMI/A TOU)LA/XISTON E)N DU/O PRA/GMASI QEWREI=TAI. PA/LIN ZHTOU=SI DIA\ TI/ EI)RHKW\S O(MW/NUMA PLHQUNTIKW=S E)PH/GAGEN TO\ <20LE/GETAI,>20 O(/PER E)STI\N E(NIKO/N. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI TO\ TOIOU=TON A)TTI-KO/N E)STI SXH=MA, EU(RISKO/MENON KAI\ PARA\ *PLA/TWNI KAI\ PARA\ R(H/TORSI, FHMI\ DE\ TO\ PLHQUNTIKOI=S OU)DETE/ROIS E(NIKA\ SUNTA/TTEIN R(H/MATA. H)\ OU)=N TOU=TO, H)\ O(/TI E)/XOUSI TA\ O(MW/NUMA TH\N TAUTO/THTA, TOU=T' E)/STI TH\N KOINWNI/AN TOU= O)NO/-MATOS, KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN W(S PERI\ E(NO\S DIALEGO/MENOS DIA\ TH\N TAUTO/THTA TOU= O)NO/MATOS E(NIKH=| XRHSA/MENOS FWNH=| EI)=PEN <20LE/GETAI,>20 TOU=T' E)/STI TA\ O(MW/NUMA POLLA\ PRA/GMATA O)/NTA E(NI\ O)NO/MATI O)NOMA/ZONTAI. KALW=S DE\ EI)=PEN TO\ <20LE/GETAI:>20 O(/POU ME\N GA\R KAI\ AU)TO\S O)NOMATOQE/THS GI/NETAI, TO/TE TO\ LE/GW TI/QHSIN H)\ TO\ KALW=: OU(/TW KAI\ E)N TOI=S *PROTE/ROIS A)NALUTIKOI=S LE/GEI: "O(/RON DE\ KALW= EI)S O(\N DIALU/ETAI H( PRO/TASIS": TW=| GA\R O)/NTI AU)TO\S PRW=TOS TO\ ME/ROS TH=S PRO-TA/SEWS O(/RON W)NO/MASEN. O(/TE DE\ SUNEIQISME/NON TH=| PALAIA=| XRH/SEI LE/GEI O)/NOMA, TO/TE TI/QHSI TO\ LE/GETAI H)\ TO\ KALEI=TAI, W(/SPER KA)NTAU=QA PEPOI/HKEN E)PI\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN, OU)K A)NASXO/MENOS SFETERI/SASQAI TA\ TW=N PALAIW=N: OU)DE\ GA\R AU)TO\S H)=N PRW=TOS PATH\R TH=S LE/CEWS, A)LL' H)/|DEI KAI\ PAR' *(OMH/RW| KEI-ME/NHN AU)TH/N, E)/NQA FHSI\ PERI\ TW=N *AI)A/NTWN @@I)=SON QUMO\N E)/XONTES O(MW/NUMOI. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI O(/ E)STIN A)MFIBOLI/A E)N TOI=S LO/GOIS, TOU=TO/ E)STIN O(MWNUMI/A E)N TOI=S O)NO/MASI: H( GA\R A)MFIBOLI/A E)N TOI=S LO/GOIS QEWREI=TAI KATA\ TH\N DIA/FORON STIGMH/N, OI(=ON W(S E)PI\ TOU/TOU TOU= PARADEI/GMATOS "3E)GW/ SE E)/QHKA DOU=LON O)/NTA E)LEU/QERON"3. DU/NATAI DE\ H( PAROU=SA LE/CIS KATA\ DIA/FORON STIGMH\N POU= ME\N DHLW=SAI O(/TI "3E)GW\ DOU=LO/N SE O)/NTA, E)POI/HSA E)LEU/QERON"3, POU= DE\ DHLW=SAI O(/TI "3E)GW/ SE E)LEU/QERON O)/NTA, E)POI/HSA DOU=LON"3: EI) ME\N GA\R EI)/POIMEN OU(/TWS "3E)GW/ SE E)/QHKA DOU=LON, O)/NTA E)LEU/QERON"3, TOU=TO DHLOI= O(/TI A)P' E)LEUQE/ROU DOU=LON E)POI/HSA, EI) DE\ EI)/POIMEN OU(/TWS O(/TI "3E)GW/ SE E)/QHKA, DOU=LON O)/NTA, E)LEU/-QERON"3, TOU=TO DHLOI= O(/TI DOU=LON O)/NTA E)LEU/QERON E)POI/HSA. {1<20*(=WN O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N.>20}1 @*ZHTOU=SIN E)NTAU=QA/ TINES O(/TI DIA\ TI/ EI)=PEN <20W(=N>20 KAI\ MH\ EI)=PEN OU(=. A)LL' E)/STIN PRO\S TOU/TOUS EI)PEI=N O(/TI E)PEIDH\ TA\ O(MW/NUMA TOU)LA/XISTON E)N DU/O PRA/G-MASI QEWREI=TAI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN EI)=PEN <20W(=N>20 KAI\ OU)K EI)=PEN OU(=. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI TO\ W(=N DOKEI= ME\N A)NAFORIKO\N EI)=NAI A)/RQRON, OU)K A)NAPE/MPEI DE\ U(PO\ TO\ LEGO/-MENON, A)LLA\ PRO\S TO\ NOOU/MENON, TOU=T' E)/STI PRAGMA/TWN KAI\ OU)K O)NOMA/TWN: EI) GA\R "3W(=N O)NOMA/TWN"3, EU(REQH/SONTAI TW=N O)NOMA/TWN O)NO/MATA, O(/PER A)/TOPON. @1 {1<20*(=WN O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS; E)N O)NO/MASI MO/NON H( O(MWNUMI/A; KAI/TOI GE KAI\ E)N TOI=S R(H/MASI/N E)STIN: AU)TI/KA GOU=N TO\ E)RW= R(H=MA O)\N O(MW/NUMO/N E)STIN: SHMAI/NEI GA\R POTE\ ME\N TH\N E)RWTIKH\N DIA/QESIN POTE\ DE\ TH\N LEKTIKH\N E)NE/R-GEIAN. O(MOI/WS TO\ O(RW= O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ TO\ QEWRW= KAI\ TO\ BLE/PW SHMAI/NEI. EI) TOI/NUN KAI\ E)N TOI=S R(H/MASI/N E)STIN H( O(MWNUMI/A, TI/ DH/POTE EI)=PEN <20W(=N O)/NOMA MO/NON;>20 PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI DITTO\N TO\ O)/NOMA: TO\ ME\N PTWTIKO/N, O(\ KAI\ TOI=S GRAMMATIKOI=S E)/QOS KALEI=N OU(/TW, TO\ DE\ FERO/-MENON KATA\ PA/SHS LE/CEWS SHMAINOU/SHS TI: OU(/TW GA\R KAI\ O( *ME/NANDROS E)N PROOIMI/OIS TH=S *LEUKADI/AS O)NO/MATA E)KA/LESEN PA=SAN LE/CIN, KAI\ AU)TO\S DE\ O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)N TW=| *PERI\ E(RMHNEI/AS O)NO/MATA KALEI= PA=SAN LE/CIN, W(S SU\N QEW=| MAQHSO/MEQA. A)ME/LEI TOI KAI\ H(MEI=S KATA\ TOU=TO TO\ SHMAINO/MENO/N FAMEN KALOI=S O)NO/MASI KEXRH=SQAI TO\N *PLA/TWNA A)NTI\ TOU= KALAI=S LE/CESI: OU) GA\R MO/NOIS O)NO/MASIN E)XRH/SATO, A)LLA\ KAI\ LE/CESIN POLLAI=S. {1<20*(=WN O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N.>20}1 @*TO\ <20MO/NON>20 DIXW=S LE/GETAI: H)\ TO\ MONADIKO/N, W(/SPER LE/GOMEN E(/NA MO/NON H(/LION, H)\ TO\ PRO\S A)NTIDIASTOLH\N TW=N O(MOI/WS LEGOME/NWN, W(/SPER LE/GOMEN A)PIE/NAI, EI) TU/XOI, TO\N *)AXILLE/A E)N POLE/MW| DO/RU MO/NON E)/XONTA, OU)X O(/TI E)SQH=TA OU)K EI)=XEN H)\ XEI=RAS KAI\ SKE/LH KAI\ A(PLW=S TA\ LOIPA\ MO/RIA TOU= SW/-MATOS, A)LL' O(/TI OU)DE\N E(/TERON TW=N POLEMIKW=N O)RGA/NWN EI)=XEN, OI(=ON A)SPI/DA H)\ BE/LH H)\ A)/LLO TI TW=N TOIOU/TWN. DIXW=S TOI/NUN LEGOME/NOU TOU= MO/NOU EI)/LH-PTAI TW=| *)ARISTOTE/LEI TO\ MO/NON KATA\ TO\ DEU/TERON SHMAINO/MENON, W(S DHLOI= E)PIFE/RWN KAI\ LE/GWN <20O( DE\ KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS E(/TEROS,>20 TOU=T' E)/STIN O( O(RISTIKO\S LO/GOS E(/TEROS. {1<20*KOINO/N.>20}1 @*TO\ <20KOINO\N>20 TETRAXW=S LE/GETAI: H)\ TO\ MH\ PEFUKO\S DIAIREI=SQAI: TOIAU=TA DE/ E)STI PA/NTA, W(=N H( XRH=SI/S E)STI KOINH/, OI(=ON DOU=LOS, AU)LO/S, I(/PPOS. LE/GETAI PA/LIN KOINO\N KAI\ TO\ MERISTO/N, O(\ KAI\ SW/ZETAI META\ TH\N DIAI/RESIN, W(/SPER LE/GOMEN KOINO\N TO\N A)GRO/N. KATA\ DE\ TO\ TRI/TON SHMAINO/MENON LE/GETAI KOI-NO\N TO\ E)N PROKATALH/YEI, W(/SPER FAME\N TO\ BALANEI=ON KOINO\N KAI\ TO\ QE/ATRON: TAU=TA GA\R KOINA\ O)/NTA TOU= PROKATALAMBA/NONTOS I)/DIA LE/GONTAI EI)=NAI. KATA\ DE\ TO\ TE/TARTON SHMAINO/MENON LE/GETAI KOINO\N TO\ O(/LON E(AUTO\ PARE/XON E(KA/STW| TW=N METE-XO/NTWN AU)TOU=, W(/SPER LE/GOMEN KOINO\N TO\ ZW=|ON, E)PEIDH\ OU)K A)/N TIS EI)/POI TO\N ME\N A)/NQRWPON ME/ROS AU)TOU= METE/XEIN TO\N DE\ I(/PPON ME/ROS, A)LL' E(/KASTON TW=N EI)DW=N O(/LOU METE/XEI TOU= ZW/|OU. OU(/TW KAI\ H( TOU= KH/RUKOS FWNH\ E)PI/SHS O(/LHN E(AUTH\N @1 PARE/XEI E(KA/STW| TW=N A)KOUO/NTWN AU)TH=S. E)NTAU=QA OU)=N KATA\ SHMAINO/MENON EI)/RHTAI TW=| *)ARISTOTE/LEI TO\ KOINO/N: TO\ GA\R *AI)/AS O)/NOMA E)PI/SHS O(/LON E(AUTO\ METADI/DWSI TOI=S METE/XOUSIN AU)TOU=. {1<20*(OMW/NUMA LE/GETAI W(=N O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N, O( DE\ KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS E(/TEROS.>20}1 @*)ACIOU=SI/ TINES ZHTEI=N TI/ DH/POTE FILOSU/NTOMOS W)\N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS MH\ EI)=PEN <20O(MW/NUMA LE/GETAI W(=N O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N>20 KAI\ E)SIW/PHSEN, A)LL' E)PH/GAGEN PROSQH/KHN TW=| LO/GW| TH\N LE/GOUSAN <20O( DE\ KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS E(/TEROS:>20 EI)RHKW\S GA\R <20W(=N O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N>20 PA/NTWS PROSUPAKOU=SAI DEI= O(/TI KATA\ TA\ A)/LLA PA/NTA DIAFE/ROUSIN. AU(/TH ME\N OU)=N MI/A ZH/THSIS. DEUTE/RAN DE\ ZH/THSIN PROBA/LLONTAI TOIAU/THN: FASI\ GA\R O(/TI DIA\ TI/ MH\ EI)=PEN "3O(MW/NUMA LE/GETAI W(=N OI( O(RISMOI\ DIA/FOROI MO/NOI"3: PA/NTWS GA\R H)=N PA/LIN PROSUPAKOU=SAI O(/TI KATA\ TA\ A)/LLA PA/NTA DIAFE/ROUSIN: EI) TOI/NUN H)=N DUNATO\N DIA\ TH=S MNH/MHS TOU= E(NO\S LOIPO\N KAI\ TO\ E(/TERON H(MA=S PROSUP-AKOU/EIN, TI/ DH/POTE TA\ DU/O SUMPLE/CAS EI)=PEN <20O(MW/NUMA LE/GETAI W(=N O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N, O( DE\ KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS E(/TEROS;>20 AU(/TH ME\N OU)=N H( ZH/THSIS, PRO\S H(/N FAMEN PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI GIGNW/SKEI O( *)ARISTO-TE/LHS PRO\S EI)SAGOME/NOUS TO\N LO/GON POIOU/MENOS, KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN SAFHNEI/AS A)NTIPOIEI=TAI. DEU/TERON O(/TI W(S TEXNIKO\S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TOU=TO PEPOI/HKEN: EI) GA\R EI)=PEN "3W(=N O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N"3 KAI\ TA\ LOIPA\ E)SIW/PHSEN, EU(RI/SKONTO A)\N KAI\ TA\ O(MW/NUMA MH\ O(MW/NUMA KAI\ TA\ MH\ O(MW/NUMA O(MW/NUMA: O( GA\R *PLA/TWN KAI\ *)ALKIBIA/DHS, MH\ O)/NTES O(MW/NUMOI, O(MW/NUMOI A)\N EU(RE/QHSAN E)/XONTES KOINO\N O)/NOMA TO\ TOU= A)NQRW/POU. EI) DE\ KATA\ TOU=TO TO\ O)/NOMA, FHMI\ DE\ TO\ TOU= A)NQRW/POU, H)=SAN O(MW/NUMOI, E)/MELLON [2D']2 E)/XEIN KAI\ LO/GON TO\N AU)TO/N, H)/GOUN TOU= A)NQRW/POU [1A)/MFW GA\R ZW=|A LOGIKA\ QNHTA/]1, HU(RI/SKONTO TA\ TOIAU=TA O(MW/NUMA MH\ O(MW/NUMA A)LLA\ SUNW/NUMA. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N PRO\S TOI-OU=TO. PRO\S DE\ TO\N LO/GON TO\N LE/GONTA O(/TI DIA\ TI/ MH\ EI)=PEN "3O(MW/NUMA LE/GE-TAI W(=N OI( O(RISMOI\ MO/NOI DIA/FOROI"3, FAME\N O(/TI EI) H)=N TOU=TO EI)RHKW/S, HU(RI/-SKONTO TA\ SUNW/NUMA MH\ SUNW/NUMA: DITTH=S GA\R OU)/SHS TH=S OU)SI/AS TOU= A)TO/MOU, TH=S ME\N PO/RRW, KAQA\ ZW=|ON LOGIKO\N QNHTO/N FAMEN, TH=S DE\ PROS-EXOU=S, KAQA\ LE/GETAI *SWKRA/THS FALAKRO\S PROGA/STWR FILO/SOFOS: EI) OU)=N EI)=PEN MO/NON O(/TI O(MW/NUMA LE/GETAI W(=N O( O(RISMO\S DIA/FOROS, O( *SWKRA/THS HU(RI/SKETO A)\N MH\ SUNW/NUMOS TW=| ZW/|W| W(S E)/XWN O(RISMO\N PERITTO\N TOU= ZW/|OU, O(/PER H)=N A)/TOPON: TA\ GA\R GE/NH, W(S EI)/RHTAI, SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=TAI TW=N U(P' AU)TA\ EI)DW=N. @*)ALL' OU) ME/XRI TOU/TOU I(/STANTAI A)POROU=NTES, A)LL' E)PEKTEI/NOUSI TA\S A)PORI/AS LE/GONTES DIA\ TI/ EI)=PEN <20O( DE\ KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS @1 E(/TEROS:>20 XRH=N GA\R OU(/TWS EI)PEI=N "3O( DE\ KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS E(/TEROS"3, H)\ OU(/TWS "3O( DE\ LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS E(/TEROS"3. TI/S OU)=N XREI/A TH=S TOSAU/THS A)KRI-BEI/AS; I(/NA TOI/NUN TA\ LEGO/MENA NOH/SWMEN, EI)/PWMEN OU(/TWS: H( LE/CIS E)PIDE/XE-TAI KAI\ I)/DION LO/GON W(S LE/CIS, E)PIDE/XETAI KAI\ W(S PRA=GMA SHMAI/NOUSA: PRA=GMA DE\ H)\ PROSEXE\S H)\ PO/RRW. O(\ DE\ LE/GW, TOIOU=TO/N E)STIN: H( *AI)/AS FWNH\ E)/XEI KAI\ I)/DION LO/GON W(S LE/CIS, KAQ' H(\N LE/GETAI O(MW/NUMOS OU)=SA, O)/NOMA A)RSENIKO\N DISU/LLABON MAKROKATA/LHKTON, KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. E)PIDE/XETAI DE\ KAI\ W(S SHMAI/NOUSA PRA=GMA, W(S E)/FHN, H)\ PROSEXE\S H)\ PO/RRW: PROSEXE\S ME\N SHMAI/NEI, EI) TU/XOI, TO\N *TELAMW=NOS UI(O\N H)\ TO\N *)OILE/WS [1OU)DE\N GA/R MOI DIA-FE/REI]1, PO/RRW DE\ SHMAI/NEI TO\N A)/NQRWPON. O(/TE OU)=N EI)/PH| O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS <20KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS,>20 TO\ PRA=GMA LE/GEI TO\ PROSEXW=S U(PO\ TOU= O)NO/MATOS SHMAINO/MENON. EI) TOI/NUN EI)=PEN "3O( DE\ KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS E(/TEROS"3 PARALEI/YAS "3TH=S OU)SI/AS"3, H)LE/GXETO A)PO\ TOU= LO/GOU TH=S LE/CEWS: OU)DE\ GA\R PA/NTWN TW=N O(MWNU/MWN LO/GOS E(/TEROS, TOU=T' E)/STIN O( LO/GOS TH=S LE/CEWS: I)DOU\ GA\R TO\ *AI)/AS E)N A)MFOTE/ROIS TO\N AU)TO\N E)PIDE/XETAI LO/GON W(S LE/CIS. TO\ A)/RA TH=S OU)SI/AS O)/NOMA PARALEIFQE\N A)PEPLA/NA H(MA=S PERI\ TH\N LE/CIN. PA/LIN EI) EI)=PEN "3O( DE\ LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS E(/TEROS"3 PARALEI/YAS TO\ "3KATA\ TOU)/NOMA"3, A)NATRE/XONTES E)PI\ TA\ PO/RRW TW=N SHMAINOME/NWN E)DOKOU=MEN E)LE/GXEIN TO\N LO/GON, OI(=ON W(S A)\N EI)/POI TIS O(/TI O( *TELAMW/NIOS KAI\ *)OILE/WS O)/NOMA E)/XOUSI KOINO/N, TO\ *AI)/AS, KAI\ O( LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS AU)TW=N [2KOINO\S]2 KAQO\ A)/NQRWPOI. I(/NA OU)=N MH/TE EI)S TH\N LE/CIN MH/TE EI)S TH\N PO/RRW SHMASI/AN A)POPLANHQW=MEN, PROSE/QHKEN <20O( DE\ KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS E(/TEROS,>20 TOU=T' E)/STIN E)/DEI TH=S LE/CEWS A)POSTA/NTAS TH\N OU)SI/AN ZHTEI=N, OU)SI/AN DE\ OU) TH\N TUXOU=SAN, A)LL' H(\N PROSEXW=S KAI\ KURI/WS SHMAI/NEI TO\ PROKEI/MENON EI)S ZH/THSIN. KA-LW=S DE\ EI)=PEN <20LO/GON>20 KAI\ OU)X O(RISMO\N H)\ U(POGRAFH/N, TO\ KOINW=S KATHGOROU/-MENON KATA\ A)MFOTE/RWN, O(RISMOU= FHMI KAI\ U(POGRAFH=S: OU)DE\ GA\R PA/NTA TA\ PRA/GMATA O(RISMO\N U(PODE/XONTAI, W(S DHLOI= TA\ GENIKW/TATA KAI\ TA\ A)/TOMA: TA\ ME\N GA\R GENIKW/TATA OU)K E)PIDE/XONTAI W(S MH\ E)/XONTA GE/NH PRO\ AU)TW=N, TA\ DE\ A)/TOMA I)DIAI/TATA DIAFORA/S. @*)ACIOU=SIN E)NTAU=QA ZHTEI=N TI/ DH/POTE EI)=PEN <20TH=S OU)SI/AS:>20 KAI\ GA\R O(RW=MEN O(/TI OU) MO/NON E)N OU)SI/AIS E)STI\N H( O(MWNUMI/A, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)N SUMBEBH-KO/SI: TO\ GA\R O)CU\ O(MW/NUMO/N E)STIN: SHMAI/NEI GA\R E)N ME\N POSOI=S TO\N O)/GKON, W(S LE/GOMEN O)CEI=AN EI)=NAI TH\N MA/XAIRAN, E)N DE\ POIOI=S TO\N XUMO/N, W(/SPER LE/GOMEN TO/DE TO\ E)/DESMA O)CU\ EI)=NAI. PRO\S TOU=TO R(HTE/ON O(/TI DIPLH= E)STIN H( OU)SI/A: H( ME\N PRO\S A)NTIDIASTOLH\N LEGOME/NH TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN, H(/TIS KAI\ MI/A E)STI\ TW=N DE/KA KATHGORIW=N, H(/TIS KAI\ AU)QUPO/STATO/S E)STIN, H( DE\ KATA\ PA/NTWN TW=N O)/NTWN FEROME/NH, A(/TE DH\ TH\N U(/PARCIN E(KA/STOU OU)SI/AN O)NOMA-ZO/NTWN H(MW=N. OU)SI/AN OU)=N FHSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS OU) TH\N A)NTIDIASTELLO-ME/NHN TOI=S SUMBEBHKO/SIN, A)LLA\ TH\N KOINH\N TH\N KATHGOROUME/NHN KATA\ PA/N-TWN, KAQ' H(\N LE/GOMEN KAI\ TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA U(PA/RXEIN E)N TOI=S OU)=SI KAI\ E)/XEIN U(/PARCI/N TINA. @1 {1<20*(O DE\ KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS E(/TEROS.>20}1 @*ZHTOU=SI/ TINES TI/ DH/POTE EI) A)NTITE/TAKTAI TW=| KOINW=| TO\ I)/DION, EI)RHKW\S <20W(=N O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N MH\>20 E)PH/GAGEN "3O( DE\ KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS I)/DIOS"3, A)LL' EI)=PEN <20E(/TEROS,>20 W(=|TINI A)NTI/KEITAI TO\ TAU)TO/N: TO\ GA\R TAU)-TO\N TW=| E(TE/RW| A)NTI/KEITAI. FAME\N OU)=N PRO\S TOU=TO O(/TI BOULO/MENOS H(MA=S O)CU=NAI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS A)F' E(KATE/RAS A)NTIQE/SEWS E(NO\S E)MNHMO/NEUSEN, KELEU/SAS H(MA=S PROSUPAKOU/EIN TA\ A)/LLA. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA EI)/RHTAI, R(HTE/ON TI, E)F' W(=| KATAPAU/SOMEN TH\N PAROU=SAN QEWRI/AN. I)STE/ON TOI/NUN O(/TI O( ME\N *)ARISTO-TE/LHS MO/NH| TH=| KOINWNI/A| TOU= O)NO/MATOS E)XARAKTH/RISEN TA\ O(MW/NUMA, OI( DE\ E)CHGHTAI\ KAI\ A)/LLAS PARATHRH/SEIS LE/GOUSIN E)/XEIN TA\ O(MW/NUMA: DEI= GA/R, FASI/N, KAI\ GRAFH\N TH\N AU)TH\N E)/XEIN TA\ O(MW/NUMA KAI\ TO\N AU)TO\N TO/NON KAI\ TH\N AU)TH\N PTW=SIN KAI\ TO\ AU)TO\ PNEU=MA: A)ME/LEI TOI TO\ K<10E>10<11AI>11NO\N OU)K E)/STAI O(MW/-NUMON, E)PEIDH\ TO\ ME\N DIA\ TOU= GRA/FETAI KAI\ SHMAI/NEI TO\ MA/TAION, TO\ DE\ DIA\ TH=S <<20AI>20> DIFQO/GGOU [2KAI\]2 SHMAI/NEI TO\ NE/ON. OU(/TW KAI\ TO\ "3A)RGOS"3 OU)K E)/STAI O(MW/NUMON, E)PEIDH\ TO\ ME\N O)CUTO/NWS A)NAGINWSKO/MENON SHMAI/NEI TO\N R(A/|QUMON, TO\ DE\ PAROCUTO/NWS SHMAI/NEI TH\N PO/LIN KAI\ TO/NW| DIAKRI/NETAI. OU)DE\ MH\N H( E)LA/THS FWNH\ O(MW/NUMOS E)/STAI, E)PEIDH\ TH=| PTW/SEI DIAKRI/NETAI: SHMAI/NEI GA\R TO\N *)ELA/THN, A)/NDRA TO\N A)PO\ *)ELAI/AS TH=S PO/LEWS TH=S *)ITALI/AS, A)LLA\ DH\ KAI\ TO\ FUTO/N: O(/TE ME\N GA\R PRO\S GENIKH\N QHLUKOU= O)NO/MATOS SUNTE/TAKTAI, SHMAI/NEI TO\ FUTO/N [1H( E)LA/TH GA\R TH=S E)LA/THS]1, O(/TE DE\ PRO\S EU)QEI=AN PTW=SIN, SHMAI/NEI TO\N POLI/THN: O( *)ELA/THS TOU= *)ELA/TOU. O(MOI/WS TO\ "3AZOME/NH"3 OU)K E)/STIN O(MW/NUMON, E)PEIDH\ OU)K E)/XEI TO\ AU)TO\ PNEU=MA: DASUNO/MENON GA\R SHMAI/NEI TO\ E)NTREPOME/NH, O(/QEN KAI\ O( POIHTH/S FHSI @@A(ZO/MENOI *DIO\S UI(O/N, YILOU/MENON DE\ TH\N CHRO/THTA SHMAI/NEI, W(S KAI\ AU)TO\S PA/LIN O( POIHTH/S FHSIN @@H( ME/N T' A)ZOME/NH KEI=TAI POTAMOI=O PAR' O)/XQAS. KAI\ OU(=TOI ME/N EI)SIN OI( PROSDIORISMOI\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN OI( EI)WQO/TES LE/GESQAI. O( DE\ FILO/SOFOS KAI\ A)/LLOUS PROSDIORISMOU\S A)PE/QETO LE/GWN O(/TI DEI= TA\ O(MW/-NUMA E)/XEIN PRO\S TOI=S EI)RHME/NOIS KAI\ TO\ [2AU)TO\]2 ME/ROS TOU= LO/GOU, U(F' O(\ A)NA/GONTAI, KAI\ TO\ AU)TO\ GE/NOS: I)DOU\ GA\R TO\ E)/XEIS OU)K E)/STIN O(MW/NUMOS FWNH/, DIO/TI OU)X U(PO\ TO\ AU)TO\ ME/ROS TOU= LO/GOU A)NA/GONTAI: TO\ ME\N GA\R KATA\ TW=N O)/FEWN FERO/MENON O)NO/MATO/S E)STI KAI\ PLHQUNTIKOU= A)RIQMOU= KAI\ PTW/SEWS EU)QEI/AS, TO\ DE\ E)PI\ TH=S KTH/SEWS R(H/MATOS E)NERGHTIKOU=: E)/XW, E)/XEIS, E)/XEI. A)LL' OU)DE\ TO\ FA/ROS O(MW/NUMO/N E)STIN, E)PEIDH\ MH\ KATA\ TO\ AU)TO\ [2GE/NOS]2 LE/GONTAI: FA/ROS ME\N GA\R H( PO/LIS QHLUKW=S, OU)DETE/RWS DE\ TO\ I(MA/TION. E)N TOU/TOIS OU)=N PERIGRA/FETAI H( PROKEIME/NH H(MI=N EI)S E)CE/TASIN QEWRI/A. @1 {1<20[2*QEWRI/A H#.]2>20}1 {1<20*OI(=ON ZW=|ON O(/ TE A)/NQRWPOS KAI\ TO\ GEGRAMME/NON.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ PARADEI/GMATI KE/XRHTAI O( FILO/SOFOS E)PI\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN, TO\ DE\ PARA/DEIGMA MERIKO\N O)\N OU) DU/NATAI E)CISWQH=NAI PANTI\ ME/REI E)KEI/NOU OU(= E)STI PARA/DEIGMA, FE/RE E)K DIAIRE/SEWS PERILA/BWMEN TA\ EI)/DH TW=N O(MWNU/MWN, I(/NA E)SO/MEQA EI)DO/TES KAI\ U(PO\ POI=ON ME/ROS A)NA/GETAI TW=N O(MWNU/MWN TO\ PARA/-DEIGMA *)ARISTOTE/LOUS. TW=N TOI/NUN O(MWNU/MWN TA\ ME/N E)STIN A)PO\ TU/XHS, TA\ DE\ E)K DIANOI/AS LAMBA/NETAI. KAI\ A)PO\ TU/XHS E)STI\N O(MW/NUMA, W(S O(/TAN E)N DIAFO/ROIS TO/POIS OI)KOU=NTE/S TINES TW=| AU)TW=| O)NO/MATI PROSAGOREU/WNTAI A)MFO/-TEROI, PRO\S OU)DE/NA SKOPO\N A)FEWRAKO/TWN TW=N TA\ O)NO/MATA QEME/NWN: OI(=ON [2EI) TU/XOI]2 O)/NTA TINA\ E)N *PERSI/DI LE/GESQAI *SWKRA/THN, O)/NTA DE\ E)N *)AQH/NAIS, OU) DIA\ AU)TH\N TH\N DIA/NOIAN E(KATE/ROIS KEIME/NOU TOU= O)NO/MATOS, A)LLA\ KATA/ TINA TU/XHN. A)LLA\ TOU/TWN TW=N KATA\ TU/XHN OU)K E)/STI DIAI/RESIS, DIO/TI AI( DIAIRE/SEIS H)\ A)PO\ TE/XNHS H)\ A)PO\ E)PISTH/MHS PROBA/LLONTAI, TA\ DE\ KATA\ TU/XHN OU)DE\ TE/XNH|, POLLW=| DE\ MA=LLON OU)DE\ E)PISTH/MH| U(POPE/PTWKEN DIA\ TO\ TA\S ME\N TE/XNAS KAI\ TA\S E)PISTH/MAS W(RISME/NAS EI)=NAI, TA\ DE\ KATA\ TU/XHN A)O/RISTA EI)=NAI, TA\ DE\ A)O/RISTA DIAIRE/SEI OU)X U(POBA/LLONTAI. KAI\ O(/TI TAU=TA OU(/TWS E)/XEI, DHLOI= KAI\ [2O(]2 E)N *GORGI/A| *SWKRA/THS: E)MPEIRI/A GA/R [2FHSI]2 TO\ H(ME/TERON SW=MA SUNI/STHSI KATA\ TE/XNHN, A)PEIRI/A DE\ KATA\ TU/XHN. TA\ DE\ A)PO\ DIANOI/AS O(MW/NUMA DIAIROU=NTAI: H)\ GA\R A)LLH/LOIS E)STI\N O(MW/NUMA KAI\ TW=| O)/NTI O(MW/NUMA, H)\ A)LLH/LOIS ME/N E)STIN O(MW/NUMA, TW=| DE\ A)F' OU(= PARW/NUMA. KAI\ TOU=TO DIXW=S: H)\ W(S A)PO\ POIHTIKOU= AI)TI/OU H)\ W(S A)PO\ TELIKOU=. A)PO\ ME\N POIHTIKOU=, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN I)ATRIKO\N SMILI/ON, I)ATRIKO\N BIBLI/ON [1TAU=TA GA\R W(S A)PO\ I)ATRIKH=S POIHTIKH=S O)NOMA/ZETAI]1, A)PO\ DE\ TELIKOU=, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN U(GIEINO\N SITI/ON, U(GIEINO\N FA/RMAKON, U(GIEINO\N POTO/N: A)PO\ GA\R TH=S U(GEI/AS, O(/PER E)STI\ TELIKO\N TH=S I)ATRIKH=S, TAU/THN TH\N PROSHGORI/AN EI)LH/FASI. DIO\ KAI\ EI)KO/TWS KALOU=NTAI TAU=TA W(S TA\ A)F' E(NO\S KAI\ PRO\S E(/N: TA\ ME\N GA\R W(S A)PO\ POIHTIKOU= AI)TI/OU PARHGME/NA KALOU=NTAI A)F' E(NO/S, TA\ DE\ W(S A)PO\ TELIKOU= PRO\S E(/N, E)PEIDH\ PRO\S E(\N TE/LOS A)FORA=| TA\ EI)RHME/NA PA/NTA E(\C O(MOU=, TH\N U(GEI/AN FHMI/. KAI\ OU(/TW ME\N TA\ A)LLH/LOIS O(MW/NUMA, TW=| DE\ A)F' OU(= PAR-W/NUMA. TA\ DE\ A)LLH/LOIS O(MW/NUMA [2KAI\ TW=| O)/NTI O(MW/NUMA]2 DIAIROU=NTAI KATA\ TH\N TRIME/REIAN TOU= XRO/NOU: H)\ GA\R PRO\S TO\N PARELHLUQO/TA LE/GETAI, KAI/ EI)SI TAU=TA KATA\ A)NA/MNHSIN LEGO/MENA, W(S O(/TE TIS TW=| TOU= PA/PPOU O)NO/MATI TO\N UI(O\N PROSAGOREU/SH| EI)S A)NA/MNHSIN E)KEI/NOU, H)\ PRO\S TO\N ME/LLONTA KAI\ POIEI= TO\ KAT' E)LPI/DA, W(S EI)/ TIS TO\N E(AUTOU= UI(O\N *SWKRA/THN O)NOMA/SH| H)\ *PLA/TWNA, TOIOU=TON AU)TO\N E)LPI/ZWN GENE/SQAI OI(=OI E)KEI=NOI GEGO/NASI, H)\ PRO\S @1 TO\N E)NESTW=TA. KAI\ TOU=TO TRIXW=S: H)\ KATA\ ME/QECIN H)\ KATA\ METAFORA\N H)\ KAQ' O(MOIO/THTA. KATA\ ME/QECIN ME/N, [2W(S LE/GOMEN]2 GRAMMATIKH\N GUNAI=KA A)PO\ TH=S GRAMMATIKH=S TE/XNHS H)\ MOUSIKH\N A)PO\ TH=S MOUSIKH=S, KATA\ META-FORA\N DE\ W(S POIME/NA LAW=N, KORUFH\N O)/ROUS, PO/DAS *)/IDHS. E)/STI DE\ H( META-FORA/, W(/S FHSIN O( *QEMI/STIOS, SU/NTOMOS A)NALOGI/A. KAI\ A)LHQEU/EI O( A)NH\R LE/GWN TOU=TO: TH=S GA\R A)NALOGI/AS LEGOU/SHS O(/TI W(/SPER POIMH\N E)N POIMNI/W|, OU(/TW BASILEU\S E)N A)NQRW/POIS, H( METAFORA\ A)F' E(KATE/RAS SUSTOIXI/AS E(\N LA-BOU=SA SUNE/PLECE SUNTO/MWS KAI/ FHSI TO\N BASILE/A POIME/NA LAW=N. TO\ DE\ KAQ' O(MOIO/THTA DIXW=S: H)\ PRO\S TH\N GNW=SIN TH=S ZWH=S, W(S O(/TE MAQHTH\N TW=| TOU= DIDASKA/LOU O)NO/MATI PROSAGOREU/SH| TIS, OI(=ON *QEAI/THTON *SWKRA/THN DIA\ TO\ E)OIKE/NAI AU)TW=| KATA/ TE TH\N GNW=SIN TH=S ZWH=S KAI\ TO\ H)=QOS TH=S YUXH=S, H)\ PRO\S TH\N MORFH/N, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN TH\N EI)KO/NA TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS E)OIKE/NAI TW=| *SWKRA/TEI KAI\ KALE/SWMEN TAU/THN *SWKRA/THN. U(PO\ TOU=TO TO\ EI)=DOS TW=N O(MWNU/MWN A)NAFE/RETAI TO\ PARA/DEIGMA TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS. @*)ALL' E)PEIDH\ KAI\ E)N TOI=S SUNWNU/MOIS TOU= AU)TOU= ME/MNHTAI PARADEI/G-MATOS, E)/MFASIN H(MI=N DIA\ TOU=TO DIDOU\S W(S E)/STAI TIS KOINWNI/A O(MWNU/MWN KAI\ SUNWNU/MWN, FE/RE TOU\S TRO/POUS DHMOSIEU/SWMEN, KAQ' OU(\S DU/NANTAI KOI-NWNEI=N TA\ O(MW/NUMA TOI=S SUNWNU/MOIS. DU/NATAI TOI/NUN TO\ AU)TO\ KAI\ O(MW/NU-MON EI)=NAI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON TETRAXW=S: H)\ GA\R TO\ AU)TO\ TW=| AU)TW=| KATA\ TO\ AU)TO\ KAI\ O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON, H)\ TO\ AU)TO\ A)/LLW| KAI\ A)/LLW| KAT' A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON, H)\ TO\ AU)TO\ A)/LLW| KAI\ A)/LLW| KATA\ TO\ AU)TO\ O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON, H)\ TO\ AU)TO\ TW=| AU)TW=| KAT' A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON: OI(=ON TO\ AU)TO\ TW=| AU)TW=| KATA\ TO\ AU)TO\ O(MW/-NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON, W(S O(/TE DUOI=N PROSW/POIN E(\N O)/NOMA KEI=TAI TO\ *EU)/BOULOS, A)MFO/TEROI DE\ EI)=EN KAI\ SUNETOI/: E)PI\ GA\R TOU/TWN TO\ AU)TO\ O)/NOMA A)MFOTE/ROIS KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO O(MW/NUMOI, A)LLA\ GA\R KAI\ DIA\ TO\ AU)TO\ O)/NOMA SUN-W/NUMOI: EI) ME\N GA\R W(S KU/RION LA/BWMEN TO\ O)/NOMA, O(MW/NUMON, EI) DE\ W(S PROSHGORIKO/N, SUNW/NUMON: I)DOU\ TOI/NUN O( AU)TO\S *EU)/BOULOS TW=| AU)TW=| A)NDRI\ KATA\ TO\ AU)TO/, H)/GOUN TO\ EU)/BOULOS, O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON. TO\ AU)TO\ A)/LLW| KAI\ A)/LLW| KAT' A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON, OI(=ON *SWKRA/THS TH=| ME\N I)DI/A| EI)KO/NI O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI, TW=| DE\ *PLA/TWNI SUNW/NUMO/S E)STI KAQO\ A)/NQRWPOS: I)DOU\ O( AU)TO/S, TOU=T' E)/STIN O( *SWKRA/THS, A)/LLW| KAI\ A)/LLW|, TOU=T' E)/STI TH=| I)DI/A| EI)KO/NI KAI\ *PLA/TWNI, KAT' A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO, TOU=T' E)/STI KATA\ TO\ *SWKRA/THS KAI\ A)/NQRWPOS, O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON. TO\ AU)TO\ TW=| AU)TW=| KAT' A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON, W(S *AI)/AS O( *TELAMW/NIOS TW=| *)OILE/WS *AI)/ANTI O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON, KATA\ ME\N TO\ *AI)/AS O(MW/NUMON KATA\ DE\ TO\ A)/NQRWPOS SUNW/NUMON: I)DOU\ O( AU)TO\S *AI)/AS O( *TELAMW/NIOS TW=| AU)TW=| *AI)/ANTI, TOU=T' E)/STI TW=| *)OILE/WS, KAT' A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO, TOU=T' E)/STI KATA\ TO\ *AI)/AS KAI\ KATA\ TO\ A)/NQRWPOS, O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI @1 KAI\ SUNW/NUMON. TO\ AU)TO\ A)/LLW| KAI\ A)/LLW| KATA\ TO\ AU)TO\ O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON, OI(=ON O( A)/NQRWPOS PRO\S ME\N TH\N OI)KEI/AN PARABALLO/MENOS EI)KO/NA E)/XEI TO\ ZW=|ON O(MWNU/MWS KATHGOROU/MENON, PRO\S DE\ TO\N BOU=N SUNWNU/MWS: I)DOU\ O( AU)TO\S A)/NQRWPOS A)/LLW| KAI\ A)/LLW|, TOU=T' E)/STI TH=| OI)KEI/A| EI)KO/NI KAI\ TW=| BOI/+, KATA\ TO\ AU)TO/, O(/PER E)STI\ TO\ ZW=|ON, O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI KAI\ SUNW/NUMON. U(PO\ TOU=TON TO\N TRO/PON TO\ PROTEQE\N E)PI\ E(KA/TERON PARA/DEIGMA U(PO\ TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS A)NA/GETAI. @*)ALL' E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA KALW=S H(MI=N DIAKE/KRITAI, FE/RE TINA\S A)PORI/AS KINH/-SWMEN, FEROME/NAS KATA\ TOU= O(RISMOU= TW=N O(MWNU/MWN, KAI\ TAU/TAS E)PILUSW/-MEQA. KAI\ E)/STI PRW/TH A)PORI/A AU(/TH: EI) TO\ O(MW/NUMON E)KEI/NOIS, W(=N E)STIN O(MW/NUMON, KAI\ TOU= LO/GOU KAI\ TOU= O)NO/MATOS TOU= OI)KEI/OU AU)TOI=S METADI/DWSI, PA=N DE\ O(\ TOU= LO/GOU KAI\ TOU= O)NO/MATOS TOU= OI)KEI/OU METADI/DWSI TOU=TO SUN-W/NUMO/N E)STI, TA\ O(MW/NUMA A)/RA SUNW/NUMA/ E)STI. 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KAI\ MH\ QAUMA/SH|S, O(/POU GE KAI\ TO\ U(GIAI=NON O(MW/NUMON O)\N KAI\ SHMANTIKO\N H)\ TOU= FULAKTIKOU= AI)TI/OU TH=S U(GEI/AS H)\ TOU= POIHTIKOU= H)\ TOU= SHMANTIKOU= H)\ TOU= DEKTIKOU= O(RISMW=| U(POBA/LLOMEN: FAME\N GA\R U(GIEINO\N EI)=NAI TO\ E)N SUMMETRI/A| QEWROU/MENON. KAI\ AU)TO\ DE\ TO\ SU/M-METRON O(MW/NUMO/N E)STIN: E)N PLEI/OSI GA\R QEWREI=TAI. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS H( @1 A)GWGH\ TH=S DEUTE/RAS QEWRI/AS. TRI/TH A)PORI/A: EI) O(MWNUMA/ E)STIN W(=N O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N, TO\ O)/NOMA TOU=TO TO\ FERO/MENON KATA\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN KOINO/N E)STIN H)\ I)/DION. %2%2 KOINO\N ME\N GA\R OU) DU/NATAI EI)=NAI, DIO/TI H( O(MWNUMI/A E)STI\ KURI/WN O)NOMA/TWN O(MWNUMI/A: KU/RION GA\R E(KA/STW| E)STI\ TO\ *AI)/AS O)/NOMA. EI) DE\ KURI/WN, OU)K E)/TI KOINO/N. A)LLA\ MH\N OU)DE\ I)/DION DU/NATAI EI)=NAI TO\ O)/NOMA TO\ FERO/MENON KATA\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN, EI)/ GE O(MWNUMI/A E)N KOINWNI/A| O)NO/MATOS E)/XEI TO\ EI)=NAI, W(/SPER O( O(RISMO\S DHLOI= LE/GWN <20O(MW/NUMA LE/GETAI W(=N O)/NOMA MO/NON KOINO/N:>20 EI) DE\ MH/TE I)/DION MH/TE KOINO\N TO\ O)/NOMA, OU)K E)/STIN O(MWNUMI/A. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI KAI\ KOINO\N BOULO/MEQA EI)=NAI TO\ O)/NOMA KAI\ I)/DION: I)/DION ME\N W(S PRO\S TO\N LE/GONTA [1E)KEI=NOS GA\R OI)=DEN KATA\ POI/OU SHMAI-NOME/NOU FE/RETAI TO\ O)/NOMA]1, KOINO\N DE\ PRO\S TO\N A)KOU/ONTA: TH=| GA\R KOINWNI/A| TH=S FWNH=S PERIPLANW/MENOS A)GNOEI= KATA\ POI/OU SHMAINOME/NOU FE/RETAI TO\ O)/NOMA. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, KAKW=S TH\N KOINWNI/AN TW=N O(MWNU/MWN E)PI\ TH=S A)PORI/AS EI)LH/FASIN. E)PI\ TOU/TOIS KATAPAUE/SQW ME\N H( PAROU=SA QEWRI/A. A)NAGINW-SKE/SQW DE\ H( LE/CIS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A Q#.]2>20}1 {1<20*)EA\N GA\R A)PODIDW=| TIS TI/ E)STIN AU)TW=N E(KATE/RW| TO\ ZW/|W| EI)=NAI, I)/DION E(KATE/ROU LO/GON A)PODW/SEI.>20}1 @[2*LE/GEI]2 O(/TI E)A\N BOULHQH=| TIS O(RISMO\N A)PODOU=NAI E(KATE/ROU AU)TW=N W(S ZW/|OU, A)/LLON KAI\ A)/LLON O(RISMO\N A)PODW/SEI, TOU= ME\N A)LHQINOU= A)NQRW/POU O(/TI ZW=|ON LOGIKO\N QNHTO/N, TOU= DE\ GEGRAMME/NOU ZW=|ON, EI) TU/XOI, GEGRAMME/NON A)PO\ XRWMA/TWN TOI/WN H)\ TOI/WN. ZHTH/SEI DE\ O( LO/GOS DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN OU)K EI)=PEN ZW=|ON EI)=NAI, A)LLA\ <20TO\ ZW/|W| EI)=NAI.>20 KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI E)PI\ ME\N TW=N A(PLW=N PRAGMA/TWN A)DIA/FORO/N E)STIN EI)/TE DOTIKH\N EI)/TE AI)TIATIKH\N SUNTA/COMEN META\ TOU= EI)=NAI R(H/MATOS, E)PI\ DE\ TW=N SUNQE/TWN A)/LLO ME\N SHMAI/NEI PRO\S DOTIKH\N SUNTATTO/MENON A)/LLO DE\ PRO\S AI)TIATIKH/N. PRO\S ME\N OU)=N AI)TIATIKH\N EI) SUN-TAXQEI/H, TO\ SUNAMFO/TERON DHLOI=, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ E)C U(/LHS KAI\ EI)/DOUS SUGKEI/-MENON, PRO\S DE\ DOTIKH\N SUNTATTO/MENON TO\ EI)=DOS MO/NON SHMAI/NEI: E)PEIDH\ TOI/NUN U(POGRAFH\N A)PODI/DWSI, H( DE\ U(POGRAFH\ TW=N EI)DW=N E)STIN U(POGRAFH/, EI)KO/TWS E)KEI/NH| TH=| SUNTA/CEI E)XRH/SATO TH=| TO\ EI)=DOS DHLOU/SH|. {1<20*PERI\ SUNWNU/MWN.>20}1 {1<20*SUNW/NUMA DE\ LE/GETAI W(=N TO/ TE O)/NOMA KOINO\N KAI\ O( KATA\ TOU)/NOMA LO/GOS TH=S OU)SI/AS O( AU)TO/S.>20}1 @*META\ TO\ PLHRW=SAI TO\N PERI\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN LO/GON, PERI\ TW=N SUNW-NU/MWN DIALE/GETAI: E)K DE\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN SAFH/S E)STIN H( TW=N SUNWNU/MWN DIDA- @1SKALI/A. TW=| DE\ AU)TW=| PARADEI/GMATI E)XRH/TATO O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS KAI\ E)NTAU=QA, BOULO/MENOS DEI=CAI W(S TO\ AU)TO\ O(MW/NUMON KAI\ SUNW/NUMON POLLA/KIS E)/STI LE/GEIN, KAT' A)/LLO ME/NTOI KAI\ A)/LLO. OI(=ON *AI)/AS O(MW/NUMO/S E)STI TW=| A)/LLW| *AI)/ANTI KAI\ SUNW/NUMOS, O(MW/NUMOS ME\N O(/TI TW=| ME\N O)NO/MATI KOINWNEI= DIAFE/REI DE\ KATA\ TO\N O(RISMO\N TO\N KAQO\ *AI)/AS: DU/NATAI DE\ KOINWNEI=N KATA\ TO\N O(RISMO\N KAQO\ A)/NQRWPOS KAI\ E)/STAI SUNW/NUMOS, SHMEIWTE/ON DE\ O(/TI E)NTAU=QA ME\N OU(/TWS W(RI/SATO TO\ SUNW/-NUMA, E)N DE\ TW=| TRI/TW| TW=N *(RHTORIKW=N TEXNW=N TA\ KALOU/MENA POLUW/NUMA SUNW/NUMA LE/GEI, KAI\ %2%2 TOU= SHMAINOME/NOU XRW=NTAI AU)TW=| KAI\ OI( A)PO\ TH=S *STOA=S KAI\ OI( GRAMMATIKOI/. A)/MEINON DE\ E)NTAU=QA/ FHSIN: EI) GA\R E)KEI=NA SUNW/NUMA, TI/ E(/CEI E)NTAU=QA O)/NOMA TA\ SUNW/NUMA LEGO/MENA: OU) GA\R DH\ POLUW/NUMA TAU=TA LE/GOITO A)/N. E)/STI DE\ SUNW/NUMA PA/NTA A)LLH/LOIS TA/ TE O(MOGENH= KATA\ TO\ TOU= GE/NOUS O)/NOMA KAI\ TA\ O(MOEIDH= KATA\ TO\ TOU= EI)/DOUS O)/NOMA. {1<20*PERI\ PARWNU/MWN.>20}1 {1<20*PARW/NUMA DE\ LE/GETAI O(/SA A)PO/ TINOS DIAFE/RONTA TH=| PTW/SEI TH\N KATA\ TOU)/NOMA PROSHGORI/AN E)/XEI.>20}1 @*TRI/THN TA/CIN A)PODE/DWKEN TOI=S PARWNU/MOIS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS SUNODEU/WN TOI=S A)RIQMOI=S: E)PEIDH\ GA\R TA\ ME\N O(MW/NUMA KAQ' E(\N KOINWNEI=, KATA\ TO\ O)/NOMA/ FHMI, TA\ DE\ SUNW/NUMA KATA\ DU/O, KATA/ TE TO\ O)/NOMA KAI\ KATA\ TO\ PRA=GMA, TA\ DE\ PARW/NUMA KATA\ TE/SSARA/ TINA XARAKTHRI/ZETAI, KATA/ TE TH\N KOINWNI/AN TOU= O)NO/MATOS KAI\ KATA\ TH\N DIAFORA\N AU)TOU=, O(MOI/WS KAI\ KATA\ TH\N KOINWNI/AN TOU= PRA/GMATOS KAI\ TH\N DIAFORA\N AU)TOU=, EI) DE\ TOU=TO KAI\ PROHGEI=TAI H( MONA\S TH=S DUA/DOS, W(/SPER OU)=N KAI\ H( DUA\S TH=S TETRA/DOS, EI)KO/TWS PRW/THN ME\N TA/CIN E)/LAXEN TA\ O(MW/NUMA, DEUTE/RAN DE\ TA\ SUNW/NUMA KAI\ TRI/THN TA\ PARW/NUMA. E)/STI DE\ TOU/TOU KAI\ DEUTE/RAN AI)TI/AN EI)PEI=N: I)STE/ON O(/TI TA\ O(MW/NUMA KAI\ SUNW/NUMA A)KRIBESTA/THN E)/XEI TH\N KOINWNI/AN KAI\ TH\N DIAFORA/N, TA\ DE\ PARW/NUMA NENOQEUME/NHN, EI)/ GE MEMIGME/NHN E)/XEI TH\N KOINWNI/AN KAI\ TH\N DIAFORA/N: KAI\ GA\R A(/PANTA TA\ E)K MI/CEWS SUNESTH-KO/TA OU)/K EI)SIN A)KRAIFNH= A)LLA\ NO/QA, OI(=ON TO\ FAIO/N: OU)/TE GA\R LEUKO/N E)STIN A)KRIBW=S OU)/TE ME/LAN, A)LLA\ MEMIGME/NON E)K TOU/TWN. OU)KOU=N A(/TE DH\ MH\ E)/XONTA EI)LIKRINH= TH\N KOINWNI/AN KAI\ TH\N DIAFORA\N TA\ PARW/NUMA EI)KO/TWS A)\N LE/GOITO NENOQEUME/NHN E)/XEIN TH\N FU/SIN. E)PEI\ TOI/NUN PROHGEI=TAI TO\ GNH/-SION TOU= NO/QOU, EI)KO/TWS META\ TA\ SUNW/NUMA KAI\ TA\ O(MW/NUMA TE/TAKTAI TA\ PARW/NUMA. OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ TA\ TH=S TA/CEWS KALW=S H(MI=N EI)/RHTAI TW=N PARW-NU/MWN, FE/RE BRAXE/A TINA\ DIALEXQW=MEN PERI\ TH=S FU/SEWS TW=N PARWNU/MWN. @*)ISTE/ON TOI/NUN O(/TI TE/SSARA/ TINA XARAKTHRI/ZEI TH\N FU/SIN TW=N PARW-NU/MWN, KOINWNI/A O)NO/MATOS, DIAFORA\ O)NO/MATOS, KOINWNI/A PRA/GMATOS, DIAFORA\ @1 PRA/GMATOS. E)A\N OU)=N MH\ GE/NHTAI H( SUNDROMH\ TW=N TESSA/RWN TOU/TWN, OU)K A)POTELEI=TAI TA\ PRA/GMATA: I)DOU\ GA\R TO\ *(/ELENOS KAI\ *(ELE/NH OU)K E)/STI PAR-W/NUMON DIA\ TO\ LEI/PESQAI E)N TH=| SUNDROMH=| E(/N TI TW=N EI)RHME/NWN. W(S DEI/CW: E)/STI ME\N GA\R KOINWNI/A O)NO/MATOS O(MOLOGOUME/NWS, A)LLA\ DH\ KAI\ DIAFORA\ O)NO/-MATOS [1TO\ ME\N GA\R EI)S LH/GEI TO\ DE\ EI)S ]1, E)/STI DE\ KAI\ DIAFORA\ PRA/G-MATOS [1E(TE/RA GA/R E)STIN H( *(ELE/NH KAI\ E(/TEROS O( *(/ELENOS]1, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ MH\ E)/XEI PANTELW=S MHDEMI/AN KOINWNI/AN KAT' AU)TO\ TOU=TO, DIA\ TOU=TO OU)DE\ PAR-W/NUMON O)NOMA/ZETAI. A)LLA\ MH\N OU)DE\ O( SPOUDAI=OS KAI\ H( A)RETH/ PARW/NUMO/N E)STIN: E)LLEI/PEI GA\R H( KOINWNI/A TOU= O)NO/MATOS E)N TOU/TOIS, E)PEIDH\ OU) MO/NON DIAFORA\N TOU= O)NO/MATOS KAI\ TOU= PRA/GMATOS A)LLA\ DH\ KAI\ KOINWNI/AN KAI\ TOU= O)NO/MATOS KAI\ TOU= PRA/GMATOS [2DEI=]2 SUNTRE/XEIN PRO\S GE/NESIN TOU/TWN. O(MOI/WS OU)K E)/STAI *)ALE/CANDROS O( *MAKEDW\N TW=| E(TE/RW| *)ALECA/NDRW| PARW/NUMOS, E)PEIDH\ LEI/PEI E)N TOU/TOIS KAI\ DIAFORA\ O)NO/MATOS KAI\ KOINWNI/A PRA/GMATOS. OU(/TW PARQENIKH/ KAI\ PARQE/NOS OU)K E)/STI PARW/NUMA, E)PEIDH\ E)KLE/LOIPEN H( DIAFORA\ TOU= PRA/GMATOS. GRAMMATIKO/S DE\ KAI\ GRAMMATIKH/ PARW/NUMA A)\N LEXQEI/H TAU=TA EI)KO/TWS, E)PEIDH\ E)N TOU/TOIS QEWROU=NTAI TA\ EI)RHME/NA TE/SSARA: E)/STI ME\N GA\R KOINWNI/A O)NO/MATOS E)N TOU/TOIS, KAQO\ A)PO\ TH=S GRAMMATIKH=S O( GRAM-MATIKO/S, E)/STI DE\ KAI\ DIAFORA\ O)NO/MATOS [1O( ME\N GA\R EI)S LH/GEI H( DE\ EI)S ]1, E)/STI DE\ KAI\ KOINWNI/A PRA/GMATOS, KAQO\ O( TH=S GRAMMATIKH=S METE/XWN GRAMMATIKO\S LE/GETAI, E)/STI DE\ KAI\ DIAFORA\ PRA/GMATOS, H(=| GE TO\ ME\N METE/XEI, TO\N GRAMMATIKO/N FHMI, H( DE\ METE/XETAI, H( GRAMMATIKH/ DHLONO/TI. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TH=S FU/SEWS TW=N PARWNU/MWN. @*)EPEIDH\ DE/ TINES A)PORI/AS TINA\S KINOU=SI KATA\ TW=N PARWNU/MWN, FE/RE TAU/TAS PARAQW/MEQA KAI\ TA\S LU/SEIS AU)TW=N E)PAGA/GWMEN. O( TOI/NUN A)PORW=N LO/GOS TOIOU=TO/N TI/ FHSI: TI/ DH/POTE H( R(HQEI=SA DIAI/RESIS [1FHMI\ DH\ H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI TA\ PRA/GMATA H)\ KAT' A)/MFW KOINWNOU=SI, KATA\ TOU)/NOMA KAI\ KATA\ TO\N LO/GON, KAI\ POIEI= TA\ SUNW/NUMA, H)\ KAT' A)/MFW DIAFE/ROUSI KAI\ POIEI= TA\ E(TE-RW/NUMA, H)\ KATA/ TI ME\N KOINWNOU=SI KATA/ TI DE\ DIAFE/ROUSI, KAI\ TOU=TO DIXW=S, KAI\ POIEI= TA\ POLUW/NUMA KAI\ TA\ O(MW/NUMA]1, MH\ PERIE/LABEN KAI\ TA\ PARW/-NUMA, A(\ OU)DE\ KAT' A)/MFW KOINWNEI= OU)DE\ KAT' A)/MFW DIAFE/REI; EI) OU)=N TOU=TO, ZHTHTE/ON U(PO\ POI=ON TOU/TWN DEI= A)NAFE/REIN TA\ PARW/NUMA. FHMI\ TOI/NUN O(/TI U(PO\ TA\ E(TERW/NUMA: O(/PER GA\R E)PI\ TH=S A(RMONI/AS, TOU=TO KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S TAUTO/-THTOS GI/NETAI: W(/SPER GA\R A(RMONI/A OU)K A)\N GE/NOITO, EI) MH\ PASW=N TW=N XORDW=N A)RI/STH H)=| H( KATASKEUH/, A)NARMOSTI/A DE\ GI/NETAI KAI\ DIA\ KAKI/AN MIA=S, OU(/TW KAI\ TAUTO/THS ME\N OU)K A)\N GE/NOITO, EI) MH\ KATA\ PA/NTA KOINWNOI=EN TA\ ME/LLONTA LE/GESQAI TAU)TA/, E(TERO/THS DE\ SUMBAI/NEI KAI\ MIA=S O(PWSOU=N DIAFORA=S OU)/SHS. E)PEI\ OU)=N E)N TOI=S PARWNU/MOIS E)STI\N O(PWSOU=N DIAFORA/, TA\ DE\ O(PWS-OU=N DIAFE/RONTA E(/TERA/ E)STI, EI)KO/TWS E)PI\ TA\ E(TERW/NUMA A)NA/GONTAI TAU=TA. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ A)/LLWS EI)PEI=N: I)STE/ON O(/TI E)LE/GOMEN TA\ PARW/NUMA NENOQEUME/NA EI)=NAI, TH\N ME/NTOI DIAI/RESIN E)POIHSA/MEQA TW=N GNHSI/WN, OU) TW=N NO/QWN: EI) DE\ TOU=TO, OU)K A)NAKTE/ON TA\ PARW/NUMA U(PO\ TH\N EI)RHME/NHN DIAI/RESIN. A)LL' @1 E)PEIDH\ TO\ NO/QON GNHSI/OU TINO/S E)STI NO/QON, ZHTH/SWMEN E)N TI/SI TW=N GNHSI/WN PARUFE/STHKE TA\ PARW/NUMA. LE/GOUSI TOI/NUN TINE\S ME/SA O(MWNU/MWN KAI\ SUNWNU/MWN: TW=N GA\R O(MWNU/MWN PANTELH= DIAFORA\N E)XO/NTWN KATA\ TO\ PRA=GMA, TW=N DE\ SUNWNU/MWN PANTELH= KOINWNI/AN, TA\ PARW/NUMA/ FASI KAI\ KOINWNEI=N KAI\ DIAFE/REIN KATA\ TO\ PRA=GMA. PRO\S TOU/TOUS R(HTE/ON O(/TI A)PO\ TW=N PRAGMA/TWN MO/NWN E)SKOPH/SATE TW=N PARWNU/MWN TH\N FU/SIN. OU)K E)/DEI DE/, A)LLA\ KAI\ A)PO\ TW=N O)NOMA/TWN. KATA\ GOU=N TOU=TO PW=S E)/STAI ME/SA O(MWNU/MWN KAI\ SUNWNU/MWN, O(/POU GE A)MFO/TERA TAU=TA PANTELH= KOINWNI/AN E)/XEI TOU= O)NO/MATOS KAI\ DIAFORA\N OU)DEMI/AN; O( A)LHQH\S ME/NTOI U(PAGOREU/EI LO/GOS ME/SA AU)TA\ EI)=NAI SUNWNU/MWN KAI\ E(TERWNU/MWN: TW=N GA\R SUNWNU/MWN PANTELH= KOINWNI/AN E)XO/NTWN KAI\ KATA\ TO\ O)/NOMA KAI\ KATA\ TO\ PRA=GMA, TW=N DE\ E(TERWNU/MWN PANTELH= DIAFORA\N KAT' A)MFO/TERA, [2ME/SA]2 GI/NETAI TA\ PAR-W/NUMA KAI\ E)/XEI KOINWNI/AN KAI\ DIAFORA\N KAT' A)MFO/TERA. {1<20*PARW/NUMA LE/GETAI O(/SA A)PO/ TINOS DIAFE/RONTA TH=| PTW/SEI TH\N KATA\ TOU)/NOMA PROSHGORI/AN E)/XEI.>20}1 @*TESSA/RWN O)/NTWN XARAKTHRISTIKW=N TW=N PARWNU/MWN, KOINWNI/AS O)NO/MATOS KAI\ DIAFORA=S O)NO/MATOS, KOINWNI/AS PRA/GMATOS KAI\ DIAFORA=S PRA/GMATOS, O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS DIA\ TAU/THS TH=S R(H/SEWS H)|NI/CATO TW=N TESSA/RWN: DIA\ ME\N GA\R TOU= EI)PEI=N <20A)PO/ TINOS>20 E)SH/MANEN H(MI=N TH\N KOINWNI/AN TOU= PRA/GMATOS KAI\ TH\N DIAFORA/N: TA\ GA\R A)PO/ TINOS PROELQO/NTA A)NA/GKH KAI\ KOINWNEI=N KAI\ DIAFE/REIN TOU/TOU, E)C OU(= E)STIN. DIA\ DE\ TOU= EI)PEI=N <20DIAFE/RONTA TH=| PTW/SEI>20 E)SH/MANEN H(MI=N TH\N O)NOMA/TWN DIAFORA/N, DIA\ DE\ TOU= EI)PEI=N <20TH\N KATA\ TOU)/NOMA PROSHGORI/AN E)/XEI>20 E)DH/LWSEN TH\N TOU= O)NO/MATOS KOINW-NI/AN: EI) GA\R TH=| PTW/SEI DIAFE/REI, DH=LON O(/TI TOI=S A)/LLOIS TOI=S PERI\ TH\N PTW=SIN OU) DIOI/SEI. PTW=SIN DE\ KALOU=SIN OI( FILO/SOFOI OU) TO\ SHMAINO/MENON PARA\ TOI=S GRAMMATIKOI=S, OI(=ON W(/S FAMEN E)KPI/PTEIN E)C E(TE/ROU EI)S E(/TERON: OI( GA\R GRAMMATIKOI\ DIAFORA\N PTW/SEWS LE/GOUSI TH\N E)NALLAGH/N, EI) TU/XOI, TH=S GENIKH=S EI)S TH\N DOTIKH\N H)\ TH\N TH=S DOTIKH=S EI)S TH\N AI)TIATIKH/N, OI( DE\ FILO/SOFOI TOU/TOIS TOI=S SHMAINOME/NOIS XAI/REIN EI)PO/NTES PTW=SIN KALOU=SI TH\N TELEUTAI/AN SULLABH\N TH=S LE/CEWS PARA\ TO\ E)KEI=SE PI/PTEIN TO\ SHMAINO/MENON TOU= O)NO/MATOS. {1<20*TW=N LEGOME/NWN TA\ ME\N KATA\ SUMPLOKH\N LE/GETAI TA\ DE\ A)/NEU.>20}1 @*ME/XRI TOU/TWN PARAGAGW\N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\N LO/GON TO\N PERI\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN, SUNWNU/MWN KAI\ PARWNU/MWN, TRE/PETAI KAI\ E)PI\ TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N @1 LEGOME/NWN, TOU=T' E)/STI TW=N FWNW=N TW=N SHMAINOUSW=N TA\ PRA/GMATA. KAI\ SHMEIWTE/ON O(/TI OU) MA/THN EI)=PEN <20TW=N LEGOME/NWN,>20 KAI\ OU)K EI)=PEN MA=LLON TW=N FWNW=N: OI)=DEN GA\R O(/TI AI( FWNAI\ OU) PA/NTWS EI)SI\ KAI\ SHMANTIKAI/ TINOS PA/NTOTE, A)LLA\ POTE\ ME\N SHMANTIKAI\ KAI\ E)/NARQROI, W(S TA\ O)NO/MATA KAI\ TA\ R(H/MATA, POTE\ [2DE\]2 A)/SHMOI KAI\ A)/NARQROI, W(S OI( YO/FOI. TO\ DE\ LE/GEIN KATA/ TINOS PA/NTWS PRA/GMATOS FE/RETAI: OU)KOU=N E)PEI/GETAI E)PI\ TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N FWNW=N TW=N SHMAINOUSW=N TA\ PRA/GMATA. EI)=TA DEDIW/S, I(/NA MH/ TIS U(POLA/BH| AU)TO\N PERI\ FWNW=N MO/NWN DIALAMBA/NONTA, TRE/PETAI KAI\ E)PI\ TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N O)/NTWN, TOU=T' E)/STIN TW=N PRAGMA/TWN, KAI\ LE/GEI O(/TI TW=N O)/NTWN TA\ ME/N E)STIN OU)SI/AI TA\ DE\ SUMBEBHKO/TA TA\ DE\ KAQO/LOU TA\ DE\ MERIKA/. KAI\ DUNATO\N ME\N U(PH=RXEN H(MA=S KAI\ A)PO\ TH=S MIA=S DIAIRE/SEWS DEI=CAI TO\N SKOPO\N TO\N *)IAMBLI/XEION, O(/TI PERI\ FWNW=N KAI\ PRAGMA/TWN DIA\ ME/SWN NOHMA/TWN E)NTAU=QA DIALE/GETAI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, A)LL' AU)TO\S TOU=TO EU)LABH/QH, W(S EI)/RHTAI, I(/NA MH\ E)N U(PONOI/A| GE/NHTAI O(/TI MO/NON PERI\ FWNW=N PARADI/DWSI TH\N DIAI/RESIN, TW=N PRAGMA/TWN SAFW=S KHRUTTO/NTWN O(/TI PERI\ FWNW=N KAI\ PRAGMA/TWN E)STI\N AU)TW=| O( LO/GOS DIA\ ME/SWN NOHMA/TWN. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N AU)TO\S TO\N OI)KEI=ON SKOPO\N A)PEFH/NATO. H(MI=N DE\ E)CO\N KAI\ E)C E(KATE/RAS DIAIRE/SEWS DEI=CAI O(/TI PERI\ TW=N TRIW=N E)STIN AU)TW=| O( LO/GOS. E)K ME\N OU)=N TH=S DIAIRE/SEWS TW=N FWNW=N OU(/TWS: PRW=TON ME\N E)K TOU= EI)PEI=N AU)TO\N <20TW=N LEGOME/NWN:>20 TA\ GA\R LEGO/MENA A)NA-FE/RETAI KATA\ FWNW=N, W(S E)PI\ TOU= SOLOIKI/ZONTOS, A)LLA\ DH\ KAI\ KATA\ PRAG-MA/TWN, W(S E)PI\ TW=N YEUDOME/NWN, O(MOI/WS KAI\ KATA\ NOHMA/TWN, W(S O(/TAN LE/GWMEN KAKW=S EI)PEI=N TO\N H)LI/QION TH\N E)/NNOIAN AU)TOU= MEMFO/MENOI. DEU/TERON E)K TOU= DIAIREI=N AU)TO\N TA\ LEGO/MENA KAI\ MH\ TA\ LE/GONTA: LE/GOUSI ME\N GA\R AI( FWNAI/, LE/GONTAI DE\ TA\ PRA/GMATA: W(/STE TAI=S FWNAI=S SUNANE/MICE TA\ PRA/GMATA. OU) ME\N OU)=N KAI\ A)PO\ TH=S PAROU/SHS DIAIRE/SEWS DUNATO\N H)=N H(MA=S DEI=CAI TO\N SKOPO\N *)IAMBLI/XOU, OU)DE\N DE\ H(=TTON KAI\ A)PO\ TH=S MELLOU/SHS LE/GESQAI DIAIRE/SEWS TW=N LEGOME/NWN, E)N H(=| FHSI TA\ O)/NTA H)\ OU)SI/AS EI)=NAI H)\ SUMBEBHKO/TA H)\ KAQO/LOU H)\ MERIKA/: DIA\ ME\N GA\R TH=S OU)SI/AS KAI\ TOU= SUMBEBHKO/TOS TA\ PRA/GMATA E)NDEI/KNUTAI, DIA\ DE\ TOU= KAQO/LOU KAI\ TOU= MERIKOU= TA\S FWNA\S DHLONO/TI: KAQO/LOU GA/R EI)SI TA\ KATA\ PLEIO/NWN KATH-GOROU/MENA, MERIKA\ DE\ TA\ KATA\ TINW=N KATHGOROU/MENA. TO\ DE\ KATHGOREI=SQAI FWNW=N E)STIN I)/DION: DH=LON OU)=N KA)NTAU=QA O(/TI TH=| TW=N PRAGMA/TWN DIAIRE/SEI SUNE/MICE TA\S FWNA/S. ME/SON DE\ A)MFOTE/RWN NOH/MATA/ E)STI: TW=N GA\R A)/KRWN NOOUME/NWN SUNANAFAI/NONTAI TA\ NOH/MATA. @*)ALL' E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA OU(/TWS EI)/RHTAI, E)/LQWMEN LOIPO\N KAI\ E)PI\ TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N LEGOME/NWN. DIAIREI=TAI TOI/NUN TA\ LEGO/MENA EI)S TA\ KATA\ SUM-PLOKH\N KAI\ A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S. A)/NEU ME\N OU)=N SUMPLOKH=S KALEI=TAI TA\ PRAG-MA/TWN DHLWTIKA/, OI(=ON *SWKRA/THS, *PLA/TWN, TRE/XEI, NIKA=|, POIEI=N, PA/SXEIN. META\ DE\ SUMPLOKH=S OI(=ON "3*PLA/TWN PERIPATEI="3, "3*SWKRA/THS A)NAGINW/SKEI"3 KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N E)STI TA\ A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S KAI\ TA\ META\ SUM- @1PLOKH=S. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI E(/TERA LE/GOUSIN OI( GRAMMATIKOI\ META\ SUMPLOKH=S KAI\ A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S KAI\ E(/TERA OI( FILO/SOFOI: OI( ME\N GA\R GRAMMATIKOI\ TH=| FWNH=| PROSE/XOUSI KAI\ OU) TW=| SHMAINOME/NW|, OI( DE\ FILO/SOFOI [TOI=S PRA/GMASI] TW=| SHMAINOME/NW|. OU(/TW GOU=N TH\N *KO/RAKOS PE/TRAN KAI\ TO\N *)/AREION PA/GON [1TOU=TO DE/ E)STI DIKASTH/RION E)N *)AQH/NAIS]1 KAI\ TO\ ZW=|ON LOGIKO\N QNHTO\N OI( ME\N GRAMMATIKOI\ META\ SUMPLOKH=S AU)TA\ LE/GOUSIN, DIO/TI POLLA\S LE/CEIS E)/XOUSI, OI( DE\ FILO/SOFOI A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S, DIO/TI E(NO\S PRA/GMATO/S E)STI DHLWTIKA/. O(MOI/WS KAI\ O(/SA LE/GOUSIN OI( GRAMMATIKOI\ A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S, OI( FILO/SOFOI META\ SUMPLOKH=S, W(S E)PI\ TOU= TRE/XW KAI\ TOU= KA/MNW: TAU=TA GA/R, A(/TE DH\ E)/XONTA SUNUPAKOUO/MENON TO\ E)GW/, EI)KO/TWS A)\N LEXQEI/H META\ SUMPLOKH=S. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N PERI\ TOU/TWN. E(\N DE\ E)/TI PROSQEI\S KATAPAU/SOMAI TH\N PAROU=-SAN QEWRI/AN: ZHTH=SAI GA\R A)/CION TI/ DH/POTE POIOU/MENOS TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N LEGOME/NWN PROETI/MHSEN TA\ KATA\ SUMPLOKH\N TW=N A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S. LE/GOMEN TOI/NUN O(/TI TOU=TO PEPOI/HKEN DIA\ DU/O TINA\S AI)TI/AS: H)\ DIA\ TO\ GNW/RIMA EI)=NAI TAU=TA H(MI=N MA=LLON, EI)/ GE TA\ SU/NQETA TW=N A(PLW=N E)STI GNW/RIMA MA=LLON H(MI=N, W(S DHLOI= O( A)/NQRWPOS SU/NQETOS W)\N KAI\ MA=LLON H(MI=N GINWSKO/MENOS TW=N A(PLW=N, H)/GOUN TW=N TESSA/RWN STOIXEI/WN. H)\ E)PEIDH\ ME/LLEI DIAIREI=N TAU=TA TA\ A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S EI)S TA\S DE/KA KATHGORI/AS KAI\ SU\N QEW=| A)/RCASQAI TH=S TOU/TWN QEWRI/AS. I(/NA OU)=N TO\ PE/RAS TH=S DIAIRE/SEWS A)RXH\ GE/NHTAI TH=S DIDASKALI/AS, TOIAU/TH| TA/CEI E)XRH/SATO. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ A)/LLO EI)PEI=N: I)STE/ON O(/TI W(S E)N DIAIRE/SEI E)STI\ TA\ LEGO/MENA, E)N DE\ TAI=S DIAIRE/SESIN O(/QEN A)/N TIS A)/RCHTAI, A)DIA/FORO/N E)STIN, W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ TOU= ZW/|OU: LE/GOMEN GA\R O(/TI TOU= ZW/|OU TO\ ME\N LOGIKO\N TO\ DE\ A)/LOGON. O(MOI/WS PA/LIN FAME\N TOU= ZW/|OU TO\ ME\N A)/LOGON TO\ DE\ LOGIKO/N, KAI\ E)N OU)DETE/RA| DIAIRE/SEI E)/BLAYA TO\ PRA=GMA. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ A)/LLHN AI)TI/AN EI)PEI=N TOU/TOU: I)STE/ON TOI/NUN O(/TI FU/SEI PRW/TH E)STI\N H( KATA/FASIS TH=S A)POFA/SEWS: MIMOU=NTAI DE\ TA\ ME\N KATA\ SUMPLOKH\N TH\N KATA/FASIN, TA\ DE\ A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S TH\N A)PO/FASIN. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, O(/SW| E)STI\ TIMIWTE/RA KATA/FASIS A)POFA/SEWS, TOSOU/TW| KAI\ TA\ META\ SUMPLOKH=S TW=N A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S TIMIW/TERA E)/STAI. {1<20*OI(=ON A)/NQRWPOS, BOU=S, TRE/XEI, NIKA=|.>20}1 @*QAUMASI/WS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TA\ O)NO/MATA E)FECH=S TE/QHKEN KAI\ TA\ R(H/MATA: EI)=PEN GA\R O( <20A)/NQRWPOS, BOU=S,>20 EI)=Q' OU(/TWS <20TRE/XEI, NIKA=|,>20 I(/NA MH\ EI)RH-KW\S OI(=ON "3A)/NQRWPOS TRE/XEI"3 U(POLA/BH| TIS AU)TO\N PA/LIN TO\ META\ SUMPLOKH=S PARA/DEIGMA EI)PEI=N. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PROKEIME/NHS DIAIRE/SEWS H)/TOI TW=N LEGOME/NWN. @1 {1<20[2*QEWRI/AS I#.]2>20}1 {1<20*TW=N O)/NTWN TA\ ME\N KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU [2TINO\S]2 LE/GETAI.>20}1 @*SUMPLHRW/SAS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH\N PERI\ TW=N FWNW=N DIDASKALI/AN KAI\ TH\N TOU/TWN DIAI/RESIN PARADEDWKW/S, TRE/PETAI LOIPO\N E)NTAU=QA E)P' AU)TH\N TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N PRAGMA/TWN KAI\ DIAIREI= TA\ O)/NTA EI)S OU)SI/AN KAI\ SUMBE-BHKO\S KAI\ EI)S KAQO/LOU KAI\ MERIKO/N. DU/O TOI/NUN OU)SW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN, KAQO/LOU KAI\ MERIKOU=, OU)SI/AS KAI\ SUMBEBHKO/TOS, E(\C A(/PASAI GI/NONTAI SUMPLOKAI/, W(=N AI( ME\N DU/O A)SU/STATOI/ EI)SI AI( TA\ E)NANTI/A EI)SA/GOUSAI, OI(=ON H( LE/GOUSA TO\ AU)TO\ EI)=NAI KAQO/LOU KAI\ MERIKO\N KAI\ OU)SI/AN KAI\ SUMBEBHKO/S, AI( DE\ TE/SSARES SUNI/STANTAI, KAQO/LOU OU)SI/A, MERIKH\ OU)SI/A, KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO/S, MERIKO\N SUMBEBHKO/S. A)LL' EI) ME\N OU(/TWS H)=N EI)RHKW\S O( FILO/SOFOS, PRAGMA/TWN A)\N H(MA=S A)PH/LLATTEN, E)PEIDH\ DE\ OU)X OU(/TWS EI)=PEN, A)LLA\ CE/NAIS FWNAI=S E)XRH/-SATO, PRA/GMATA PARE/SXE TOI=S E)CHGHTAI=S: KALEI= GA\R TH\N ME\N OU)SI/AN <20OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW|,>20 DIO/TI H( OU)SI/A AU)QUPO/STATOS OU)=SA OU) DE/ETAI/ TINOS PRO\S U(/PARCIN, TO\ DE\ SUMBEBHKO\S <20E)N U(POKEIME/NW|,>20 DIO/TI TO\ SUMBEBHKO/S, OI(=ON TO\ QERMO/N, TO\ YUXRO/N, TO\ LEUKO/N, E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)/XEI TO\ EI)=NAI TH=| OU)SI/A| KAI\ A)DU/NATON XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU= E)N W(=| E)STIN, TO\ DE\ KAQO/LOU <20KAQ' U(POKEI-ME/NOU>20 W(S KATA/ TINOS A)GOREUO/MENON, OI(=ON A)/NQRWPOS KATA\ *PLA/TWNOS, *SWKRA/-TOUS, *)ALKIBIA/DOU. TO\ DE\ MERIKO\N KALEI= <20OU) KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU,>20 DIO/TI MH\ KATA/ TINOS KATHGOREI=TAI, W(S TA\ A)/TOMA: KATA\ TI/NOS GA\R E)/XEI TAU=TA KATHGORHQH=NAI; SUMPLE/KWN OU)=N TA\ O)NO/MATA TAU=TA KALE/SAIS TH\N KAQO/LOU OU)SI/AN <20KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW|,>20 KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU ME\N W(S KAQO/LOU, OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ W(S OU)SI/AN, TH\N DE\ MERIKH\N OU)SI/AN KALE/SAIS <20OU) KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW|.>20 OU) KAQ' U(PO-KEIME/NOU ME\N W(S MERIKH/N, OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ W(S OU)SI/AN. PA/LIN DE\ TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO\S KALE/SAIS <20KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU E)N U(POKEIME/NW|,>20 KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU ME\N W(S KAQO/LOU, E)N U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ W(S SUMBEBHKO/S, TO\ DE\ MERIKO\N SUMBEBHKO\S KALE/SAIS <20OU) KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU E)N U(POKEIME/NW|,>20 OU) KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU ME\N W(S MERIKO/N, E)N U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ W(S SUMBEBHKO/S. @*)ALLA\ TOIAU/TAIS FWNAI=S XRHSA/MENOS A)PORI/AN E)KI/NHSEN TOI=S E)CHGHTAI=S, TI/ DH/POTE A)SAFE/SIN O)NO/MASIN E)XRH/SATO, DUNA/MENOS KALE/SAI TAU=TA OU)SI/AN, SUMBEBHKO/S, KAQO/LOU KAI\ MERIKO/N. KAI\ LE/GOUSI TOU/TOU TINE\S MI/AN ME\N AI)TI/AN TAU/THN: O(/TI TOU/TOU XA/RIN A)SAFW=S TAU=TA EI)=PEN, O(/PWS MH\ BATH\N POIH/SH| PA=SI TH\N OI)KEI/AN FILOSOFI/AN, A)LL' W(/SPER E)N TOI=S I(EROI=S TA\ PARA-PETA/SMATA E)/STIN EU(REI=N KAI\ TOI=S POIH/MASI TOU\S MU/QOUS, OU(/TW KAI\ E)NTAU=QA H( A)SA/FEIA AU)TW=| E)PINENO/HTAI. KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N PRW/TH AI)TI/A. DEUTE/RA DE/ E)STIN AI)TI/A AU(/TH, H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI TOU/TOU XA/RIN E)XRH/SATO TOIAU/TAIS FWNAI=S, DIO/TI @1 U(POGRAFIKW=S TH\N FU/SIN E(KA/STOU E)DH/LWSEN: E)/STI DE\ KAI\ TRI/TH AI)TI/A, H( LE/GOUSI O(/TI DIKAI/WS PROH/GAGEN TO\N LO/GON A)NTIFATIKW=S, E)PEIDH\ MHDE\N E)K-FEU/GEI TH\N A)NTI/FASIN: A)NTI/FASIS DE/ E)STI MA/XH KATAFA/SEWS KAI\ A)POFA/SEWS, TO\ NAI/ H)\ TO\ OU)/ SHMAI/NOUSA. A)LLA\ PA/LIN A)POROU=SIN LE/GONTES O(/TI EI) TIMIW-TE/RA E)STI\N H( OU)SI/A TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN KAI\ H( KATA/FASIS TH=S A)POFA/SEWS, DIA\ TI/ MH\ E)DH/LWSEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH\N ME\N OU)SI/AN DIA\ KATAFA/SEWS W(S TIMIWTE/RAN, TO\ DE\ SUMBEBHKO\S DIA\ A)POFA/SEWS W(S A)TIMO/TERON. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI OU)DE\N A)/TOPON TO\ KREI=TTON PA/NTWN H)\ KAI\ TO\ XEI=RON PA/NTWN DI' A)POFA/SEWS SHMA=NAI. OU(/TW GOU=N TH\N MI/AN TW=N PA/NTWN A)RXH\N [2DI']2 A)PO-FA/SEWS GNWRI/ZOMEN, OU)DE\N E)/XONTES TAU/THS KATHGORH=SAI. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TH\N U(/LHN AI)SXRA\N KAI\ TRU/GA TOU= PANTO\S OU)=SAN DI' A)POFA/SEWS GNWRI/ZOMEN. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, OU)DE\N A)/TOPON KAI\ TH\N OU)SI/AN DIA\ A)POFA/SEWS DHLW=SAI. KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N MI/A A)PORI/A KAI\ H( LU/SIS AU)TH=S. A)/LLHN DE\ A)PORI/AN FASI\ TOIAU/THN, O(/ TI DH/POTE MH\ KAI\ AU)TH\N DIA\ KATAFA/SEWS E)DH/LWSEN EI)RHKW\S U(POKEI/MENON KAI\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, I(/NA TH\N OU)SI/AN KAI\ TO\ SUMBEBHKO\S DIA\ KATAFA/SEWS DHLW/SH|. FAME\N O(/TI EI)KO/TWS: H)BOULH/QH GA\R A)NTIFATIKW=S PROA/GEIN TO\N LO/GON, EI)DW\S W(S PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA PERILAMBA/NEI KAI\ OU)DE/N E)STI METACU\ TH=S A)NTIFA/SEWS. DU/O DE\ KATAFA/SEWN W(S E)PI/PAN A)EI\ EU(RI/SKETAI/ TI METACU/: OI(=ON E)A/N TIS EI)/PH| TO/DE TI H)\ LEUKO\N H)\ ME/LAN, POLLA/KIS YEU/DETAI: DU/NATAI GA\R EI)=NAI/ TI MHDE\ LEUKO\N MHDE\ ME/LAN, A)LLA\ FAIO/N. EI) DE\ PROAGA/GW TO\N LO/GON LE/GWN O(/TI H)\ LEUKO/N E)STIN H)\ OU) LEUKO/N E)STIN H)\ ME/LAN H)\ OU) ME/LAN, OU) DIAMARTA/NW KATA\ TH\N A)NTI/FASIN. A)LLA\ PRO\S TOU=TO PA/LIN TINE\S A)PO-ROU=SIN LE/GONTES O(/TI DIA\ KATAFA/SEWS E)/SQ' O(/TE PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA PERILABEI=N: OU(/TW GOU=N FAMEN O(/TI TA\ O)/NTA PA/NTA H)\ A)I/DIA/ E)STIN H)\ FQARTA/: OU)KOU=N KAI\ EI)/ POU PA/LIN EI)/PWMEN O(/TI PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA H)\ U(POKEI/MENA/ E)STIN H)\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, TOU=T' E)/STIN H)\ OU)SI/A H)\ SUMBEBHKO/TA, A)LHQEU/OMEN. KAI\ O(/TI A)NTIFATIKW=S E)BOU/LETO PROAGAGEI=N TO\N LO/GON O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, OU)DE\N H(=TTON KAI\ TOU=TO AU)TO\ H)DU/NATO POIH=SAI KAI\ DIA\ KATAFA/SEWS TH\N OU)SI/AN SHMA=NAI LE/GWN "3TA\ ME\N OU)X U(POKEI/MENA TA\ DE\ U(POKEI/MENA"3. A)LLA\ PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI YEUDH\S O( LO/GOS HU(RI/SKETO, EI) EI)=PEN TH\N OU)SI/AN U(POKEI/MENON: OU) MO/NON GA\R H( OU)SI/A U(PO/KEITAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ TA\ MERIKA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA TOI=S KAQO/LOU: TO\ GA\R TO/DE LEUKO\N U(PO/KEITAI TW=| KAQO/LOU LEUKW=|, KAI\ MH\ PRO\S SU/STASIN A)LLA\ PRO\S KATHGORI/AN. EI) OU)=N KAI\ TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA U(PO/KEITAI, OU)K E)DU/NATO MO/NHN TH\N OU)SI/AN U(POKEI/MENON O)NOMA/SAI. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TW=N A)PORIW=N. @*LOIPO\N DE\ ZHTOU=SI KAI\ TH\N TA/CIN TW=N SUZUGIW=N KAI\ ZHTOU=NTES TAU=TA/ FASI: LE/GOUSIN GA\R O(/TI PRW/THS ME\N E)MNH/SQH TH=S KAQO/LOU OU)SI/AS, W(S TIMIWTE/RAS [1TIMIWTE/RA GA/R E)STI, DIO/TI KAI\ KAT' A)MFO/TERA/ E)STI KAI\ KAQO/LOU KAI\ OU)SI/A]1, DEU/TERON DE\ TOU= MERIKOU= SUMBEBHKO/TOS, OU)X W(S TIMIWTE/ROU, A)LL' W(S E)NANTI/OU TH=| KAQO/LOU OU)SI/A|: TW=N GA\R E)NANTI/WN MI/A E)STI\N H( E)PI-STH/MH. KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN EU)QE/WS MET' AU)TH\N TOU/TOU E)MNHMO/NEUSEN. TRI/TON @1 E)/TACEN TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO/S: PROETI/MHSE GA\R AU)TO\ W(S KAQO/LOU, DIO/TI PERI\ TAU=TA KATAGI/NONTAI OI( FILO/SOFOI. EI)=TA TETA/RTHN TA/CIN A)PE/NEIMEN TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A|: KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N MI/A AI)TI/A. OI( DE\ NEW/TEROI TW=N E)CHGHTW=N A)PODIDO/ASI KAI\ A)/LLHN AI)TI/AN TOIAU/THN: O(/TI TOU/TOU XA/RIN [2TETA/RTHN]2 E)/TACEN TH\N MERIKH\N OU)SI/AN, I(/NA A)PO\ OU)SI/AS A)RCA/MENOS EI)S OU)SI/AN TELEUTH/SH|. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PROKEIME/NHS H(MI=N QEWRI/AS EI)S E)CE/TASIN. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A IA#.]2>20}1 {1<20*TW=N O)/NTWN TA\ ME\N KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU TINO\S LE/GETAI, E)N U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ OU)DENI/ E)STIN.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TH\N KAQO/LOU OU)SI/AN FHSI/N: DIA\ ME\N GA\R TOU= <20KAQ' U(PO-KEIME/NOU>20 TO\ KAQO/LOU EI)SA/GEI, DIA\ DE\ TOU= <20OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW|>20 TH\N OU)SI/AN. {1<20*TA\ DE\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| ME/N E)STI, KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU DE\ OU)DENO\S LE/GETAI.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TO\ MERIKO\N SUMBEBHKO/S FHSI, DIA\ ME\N TOU= <20E)N U(POKEIME/NW|>20 TO\ SUMBEBHKO\S EI)SA/GWN, DIA\ DE\ TOU= <20OU) KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU>20 TO\ MERIKO\N DHLW=N. {1<20*)EN U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ LE/GW O(\ E)/N TINI MH\ W(S ME/ROS U(PA/RXON A)DU/NATON XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU= E)N W(=| E)STIN.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TO\ A(PLW=S SUMBEBHKO\S U(POGRA/FEI. TH\N DE\ KATA\ ME/ROS AU)TOU= E)CA/PLWSIN E)N TH=| E(CH=S QEWRI/A| MAQHSO/MEQA. {1<20*OI(=ON H( TI\S GRAMMATIKH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| ME/N E)STI TH=| YUXH=|, KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU DE\ OU)DENO\S LE/GETAI.>20}1 @*TOU=TO TO\ PARA/DEIGMA OU) TH=S PROSEXW=S EI)RHME/NHS E)STI\N U(POGRAFH=S, A)LLA\ TOU= A)NWTE/RW TAU/THS LEXQE/NTOS MERIKOU= SUMBEBHKO/TOS: TW=| GA\R EI)PEI=N <20H( TI\S GRAMMATIKH/>20 TH\N MERIKH\N EI)SH/GAGE, TH\N E)N *)ARISTA/RXW|, EI) TU/XOI. KALW=S DE\ TOU=TO TO\ MERIKO\N SUMBEBHKO\S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS PH=| ME\N E)N SW/MATI QEWREI= PH=| DE\ E)N A)SWMA/TW|: E)N A)SWMA/TW| ME/N, H(NI/KA FHSI\N <20E)N U(POKEI-ME/NW| E)STI\ TH=| YUXH=| H( GRAMMATIKH/,>20 E)N SW/MATI DE/, H(NI/KA LE/GEI <20TOUTI\ TO\ LEUKO\N E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)STI\ TW=| SW/MATI.>20 @1 {1<20*TA\ DE\ KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU LE/GETAI KAI\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)STI/N.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO/S FHSIN, DIA\ ME\N TOU= <20KAQ' U(POKEI-ME/NOU>20 TO\ KAQO/LOU EI)SA/GWN, DIA\ DE\ TOU= <20E)N U(POKEIME/NW|>20 TO\ SUMBEBHKO/S. {1<20*TA\ DE\ OU)/TE E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)STI\ OU)/TE KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU TINO\S LE/GETAI.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TH\N MERIKH\N OU)SI/AN FHSI/, DIA\ ME\N TOU= EI)PEI=N <20OU) KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU>20 TO\ MERIKO\N E)MFAI/NWN, DIA\ DE\ TOU= <20OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW|>20 TH\N OU)SI/AN. {1<20*(APLW=S DE\ TA\ A)/TOMA KAI\ E(\N A)RIQMW=| KAT' OU)DENO\S U(PO-KEIME/NOU LE/GETAI, E)N U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ [2E)/NIA]2 OU)DE\N KWLU/EI EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*KALW=S EI)=PEN <20TA\ A)/TOMA KAI\ E(\N TW=| A)RIQMW=|:>20 E)/STIN ME\N GA\R LABEI=N KAI\ TA\ EI)DIKW/TATA EI)/DH A)/TOMA, A(\ MHKE/TI DU/NATAI TMHQH=NAI KAI\ SW=SAI TO\ AU)TO\ EI)=DOS: TAU=TA DE\ OU)/K EI)SIN E(\N TW=| A)RIQMW=|. I(/NA OU)=N TA\ A(PLW=S A)/TOMA EI)SAGA/GH|, PROSE/QHKE KAI\ TO\ <20E(\N A)RIQMW=|:>20 DIAFE/REI GA\R TO\ A)/TOMON TOU= MERIKOU=, DIO/TI TO\ ME\N A)/TOMON E)PI\ E(NO\S KAI\ MO/NOU W(RISME/NOU FE/RETAI, TO\ DE\ MERIKO/N E)STIN ME/SON TOU= TE KAQO/LOU KAI\ TOU= A)TO/MOU: TOU= ME\N GA\R A)TO/MOU E)/XEI TO\ KAQ' E(NO\S FE/RESQAI, TOU= DE\ KAQO/LOU TO\ A)ORI/STWS E)PI\ KOINOU= KATH-GOREI=SQAI. {1<20*)EN U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ LE/GW O(\ E)/N TINI MH\ W(S ME/ROS U(PA/RXON A)DU/NATON XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU= E)N W(=| E)STIN.>20}1 @*PERI\ TESSA/RWN FWNW=N DIALEGO/MENOS *)ARISTOTE/LHS, TW=N DU/O MO/NWN U(PO-GRAFH\N H(MI=N PARADE/DWKEN, TOU= TE KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU KAI\ TOU= E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, TOU= ME\N KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU EI)RHKW\S <20A(PLW=S DE\ TA\ A)/TOMA KAI\ E(\N A)RIQMW=| KAT' OU)DENO\S U(POKEIME/NOU LE/GETAI, E)N U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ E)/NIA OU)DE\N KWLU/EI EI)=NAI.>20 TOU= DE\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| PARADI/DWSIN U(POGRAFH\N LE/GWN O(/TI E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)KEI=NA LE/GW, A(\ E)/N TINI MH\ W(S ME/ROS U(PA/RXONTA A)DU/NATON XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU= E)N W(=| E)STI. KALW=S DE\ U(POGRAFH\N KAI\ OU)X O(RISMO\N AU)TW=N PARADI/DWSI. KAI\ TOU=TO E)POI/HSEN W(S FILOSU/NTOMOS KAI\ W(S A)KRIBH\S KAI\ W(S FILA/NQRWPOS. W(S ME\N OU)=N FILOSU/NTOMOS TW=N DU/O MO/NWN E)MNHMO/NEUSEN, W(S DE\ A)KRIBH\S E)PISTH/MWN E)C E(KATE/RAS A)NTIQE/SEWS E(NO\S E)MNHMO/NEUSEN, W(S DE\ FILA/NQRWPOS TW=N XEIRO/NWN, O(/PWS MH\ DO/CWSI DIA\ TH\N A)MUDRO/THTA TH=S U(PA/RCEWS MHDE\ O(/LWS EI)=NAI. DIA\ TOU=TO TOI/NUN AU)TW=N U(POGRAFH\N PARADI/DWSI KAI\ OU)X O(RISMO/N: @1 O(MW/NUMOS GA/R E)STI FWNH\ TO\ E)/N TINI, TW=N DE\ O(MWNU/MWN O(RISMO\N OU)K E)/STIN A)PODOU=NAI, A)LLA\ MA=LLON U(POGRAFH/N. O(/TI DE\ TO\ E)/N TINI O(MW/NUMO/S E)STI FWNH\ DH=LON: TO\ GA\R E)/N TINI E(NDEKAXW=S LE/GETAI. KAI\ PRW=TON ME\N E)/N TINI LE/GETAI W(S E)N XRO/NW|, W(S O(/TAN FAME\N TO\N *SWKRA/THN E)N TOI=S *PELOPONNHSIAKOI=S XRO/NOIS GENE/SQAI KAI\ *AI)/ANTA E)N TW=| *TRWI+KW=| POLE/MW|. LE/GETAI E)/N TINI KAI\ W(S E)N TO/PW|, W(S O(/TAN FAME\N TO\N *SWKRA/THN E)N *LUKEI/W| EI)=NAI. LE/GETAI E)/N TINI W(S E)N A)GGEI/W|, W(S O(/TAN FAME\N TO\N OI)=NON E)N TW=| A)MFOREI= EI)=NAI KAI\ TO\N SI=TON E)N TW=| MEDI/MNW|. DIAFE/REI DE\ O( TO/POS TOU= A)GGEI/OU KATA\ TO\ KINHTO\N KAI\ A)KI/NHTON: O( ME\N GA\R TO/POS A)KI/NHTO/S E)STI, TO\ DE\ A)GGEI=ON KINOU/MENON LE/GETAI. LE/GETAI E)/N TINI KAI\ W(S GE/NOS E)N TOI=S EI)/DESIN, W(S O(/TAN FAME\N TO\ ZW=|ON E)N I(/PPW| KAI\ A)NQRW/PW| KAI\ E)N BOI\+ EI)=NAI. LE/GETAI E)/N TINI KAI\ W(S EI)=DOS E)N GE/NEI, W(S O(/TAN FAME\N TO\N A)/NQRWPON H)\ TO\N I(/PPON E)N TW=| ZW/|W| EI)=NAI. LE/GETAI E)/N TINI KAI\ TO\ O(/LON E)N TOI=S ME/RESIN, W(S O(/TAN FAME\N TH\N XEI=RA E)N DAKTU/LOIS. LE/GETAI E)/N TINI KAI\ W(S ME/ROS E)N O(/LW|, W(S O(/TAN FAME\N TH\N XEI=RA E)N TW=| O(/LW| SW/MATI. LE/GETAI E)/N TINI KAI\ W(S EI)=DOS E)N U(/LH|, W(S O(/TAN FAME\N TO\ EI)=DOS TOU= A)NDRIA/NTOS E)N TW=| XALKW=| EI)=NAI. LE/GETAI E)/N TINI KAI\ W(S E)N POIHTIKW=|, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN "3OU)K E)/STIN E)N H(MI=N TO/DE TO\ PRA=GMA, A)LL' E)N TW=| A)/RXONTI"3. LE/GETAI E)/N TINI KAI\ W(S E)N TELIKW=|, W(S O(/TAN FAME\N TH\N FILOSOFI/AN E)N GEWMETRI/A| TO\ TE/LOS E)/XEIN H)\ TH\N I)ATRIKH\N E)N U(GEI/A| E)/XEIN TO\ TE/LOS. LE/GETAI PA/LIN E)/N TINI W(S SUMBEBHKO\S E)N OU)SI/A|, W(S TO\ LEUKO\N E)N TW=| *SWKRA/TEI. EI) TOI/NUN TO\ E)/N TINI POLLAXW=S LE/GETAI, PW=S OU)K E)/STAI O(MW/NUMON; OU)KOU=N TO\ E)/N TINI W(S E)N PLEI/OSI KATHGORI/AIS QEWROU/MENON A)NA-LOGEI= GE/NEI, TO\ DE\ LOIPO\N TO\ E)N TH=| U(POGRAFH=| DIAFORAI=S: TO\ GA\R <20MH\ W(S ME/ROS U(PA/RXON>20 KAI\ TO\ <20A)DU/NATON XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU= E)N W(=| E)STIN>20 A)NALOGEI= DIAFORAI=S. A)NAGKAI/WS DE\ [2PROSE/QHKE]2 TO\ <20MH\ W(S ME/ROS U(PA/RXON>20 DIA\ TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI TO\N O)FQALMO\N SUMBEBHKO/S: E)/N TINI GA/R E)STIN KAI\ A)DU/NATON XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU= E)N W(=| E)STI, KAI\ O(/MWS OU)K E)/STIN SUMBEBHKO/S, DIO/TI W(S ME/ROS E)STI/, TO\ DE\ SUMBEBHKO\S OU) QE/LEI EI)=NAI W(S ME/ROS. KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO PROSE/QHKEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\ <20MH\ W(S ME/ROS U(PA/RXON.>20 TO\ DE\ <20A)DU/NATON XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU= E)N W(=| E)STIN>20 PROSE/QHKEN, DIO/TI ................ E)/N TINI/ E)STI KAI\ OU)K E)/STIN AU)TOU= ME/ROS, TOU= SW/MATOS, OU) ME/NTOI OU) DU/NATAI XWRISQH=NAI: XWRI/ZETAI GA\R KAI\ KAQ' E(AUTH\N U(FI/STATAI SU\N TH=| YUXH=|, A(/PER OU) DUNATO\N E)/XEIN TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA. O( TOI/NUN SU/MPAS NOU=S TH=S U(POGRAFH=S TOIOU=TO/S E)STIN: O(/TI SUMBEBHKO/S E)STI O(\ E)/N TINI QEWREI=TAI MH\ O)\N AU)TOU= ME/ROS, KAI\ A)DUNA/TWS E)/XEI XWRISQH=NAI TH=S U(POKEIME/NHS OU)SI/AS AU)TOU=. KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N OU)=N H( DIA/NOIA. @*)ALLA\ PRO\S TAU/THN TH\N U(POGRAFH\N A)POROU=SI/ TINES, PEIRW/MENOI DEI=CAI E)/XOUSAN AU)TH\N TH\N DITTH\N KAKI/AN, H(\N PE/FUKEN E)PIDE/XESQAI O( O(RISMO/S, TOU=T' E)/STIN U(PERBOLH\N KAI\ E)/LLEIYIN: OI( ME\N GA\R LE/GONTES U(PERBOLH\N E)/XEIN AU)TH\N @1 A)POROU=SI LE/GONTES OU(/TWS: O(/TI OU) MO/NON TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA U(PE/GRAYEN DIA\ TH=S EI)RHME/NHS U(POGRAFH=S, A)LLA\ KAI\ TA\ A)/TOMA, H)/GOUN TO\N *SWKRA/THN: A(RMO/ZEI GA\R AU)TW=| H( EI)RHME/NH U(POGRAFH/. EI) DE\ A(RMO/ZEI AU)TW=|, E)PEIDH\ W(=N O( O(RISMO\S O( AU)TO/S, KAI\ TA\ O(RISTA\ TA\ AU)TA/, A)NA/GKH TO\N *SWKRA/THN H)\ SUM-BEBHKO\S EI)=NAI, O(/PER A)/TOPON, H)\ OU)SI/AN AU)TO\N O)/NTA A(RMO/ZEIN E)P' AU)TW=| TH\N EI)RHME/NHN U(POGRAFH/N, KAI\ OU)KE/TI A(RMO/SAI MO/NON TOI=S SUMBEBHKO/SIN. O(/TI DE\ A(RMO/ZEI TW=| *SWKRA/TEI H( U(POGRAFH/, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: O( *SWKRA/THS E)/N TINI, EI)/ GE FUSIKO/N E)STI SW=MA, PA=N DE\ SW=MA FUSIKO\N E)N TO/PW| E)STI/N. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)/N TINI W)/N, TOU=T' E)/STIN E)N TO/PW|, OU)K E)/STI ME/ROS TOU= TO/POU, KAI\ A)DU/NATON AU)TO\N XWRI\S EI)=NAI TO/POU, EI)/ GE, W(S EI)/RHTAI, FUSIKO\N E)/XEI SW=MA. EI) DE\ TAU=TA OU(/TWS E)/XEI KAI\ A(RMO/SEI H( U(POGRAFH\ TW=| *SWKRA/TEI, OU) MO/NON SUMBEBHKO/TA U(PE/GRAYEN, A)LLA\ KAI\ OU)SI/AS, H)\ O( PROKEI/MENOS E)/STAI SUM-BEBHKO/S, W(S EI)/RHTAI. KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N H( A)PORI/A. POLLW=N DE\ KAI\ A)/LLWN A)NTEIPO/NTWN H(MEI=S PARE/NTES E)KEI=NA TH\N *QEMISTI/OU PROSAGA/GWMEN LU/SIN TAU/TH| LE/GOUSAN OU(/TWS: O(PO/TE LE/GETE, FHSI/, TO\N *SWKRA/THN E)N TO/PW| EI)=NAI, POU= A)/RA FATE\ AU)TO\N EI)=NAI, E)N TW=| KAQO/LOU H)\ E)N TW=| MERIKW=|; EI) ME\N OU)=N E)N TW=| KAQO/LOU, A)DU/NATON: OU) GA/R E)STIN *SWKRA/TOUS TO/POS TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA. EI) DE\ E)N TW=| MERIKW=|, DU/NATAI XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU/TOU: W(/STE OU)=N OU)K E)FARMO/SEI KATA\ TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS H( EI)RHME/NH TOU= SUMBEBHKO/TOS U(POGRAFH/. A)LLA\ PA/LIN A)POROU=SI/ TINES LE/GONTES O(/TI OU) MO/NON TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA U(PE/GRAYEN, A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ EI)=DOS: TO\ GA\R EI)=DOS TO\ E)/NULON E)/N TINI/ E)STIN [1E)N GA\R TH=| U(/LH| QEW-REI=TAI]1, KAI\ O(/MWS OU)K E)/STIN AU)TH=S ME/ROS KAI\ XWRI\S AU)TH=S OU) DU/NATAI EI)=NAI. A)LL' OU(=TOI PA/LIN A)GNOOU=SIN O(/TI TO\ E)/N TINI E)NTAU=QA O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH\N OU)SI/AN EI)=PEN TH\N EI)DOPEPOIHME/NHN KAI\ OU)X, W(S AU)TOI/ FASI, TH\N U(/LHN. OU(/TWS ME\N OU)=N A)POROU=SIN OI( BOULO/MENOI DEIKNU/NAI O(/TI U(PERBOLH\N E)/XEI H( EI)RHME/NH U(POGRAFH/. OI( DE\ FA/SKONTES AU)TH\N E)LLEI/PEIN FASI\N O(/TI OU) PA/NTA TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA U(PE/GRAYEN DIA\ TH=S EI)RHME/NHS U(POGRAFH=S: TA\ GA\R SUM-BEBHKO/TA XWRISTA\ XWRI/ZONTAI: EI) DE\ XWRI/ZONTAI, KAKW=S A)/RA EI)=PEN <20A)DU/-NATON XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU= E)N W(=| E)STIN.>20 A)LLA/ FAMEN O(/TI H( TOIAU/TH A)PORI/A KATAGE/LASTOS: O(/RA GA\R O(/TI EI)=PEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS <20XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU= E)N W(=| E)STIN,>20 OU) ME/NTOI EI)=PEN O(/TI OU) DU/NATAI XWRISQH=NAI: XWRISQH=NAI GA\R DU/NATAI, XWRISQE\N DE\ U(POSTH=NAI A)DUNATEI=. PA/LIN DE\ FASI\N O(/TI OU) PA/NTA TA\ SUM-BEBHKO/TA W(RI/SATO: EI)SI\ GA/R TINA TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN, A(/TINA DU/NATAI XWRI/-ZESQAI TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU, OI(=ON H( EU)WDI/A TOU= MH/LOU: AU(/TH GA\R XWRI/ZETAI E)K TOU= MH/LOU KAI\ E)/RXETAI PRO\S H(MA=S: EI) DE\ XWRI/ZETAI KAI/PER OU)=SA SUM-BEBHKO/S, EI)SI/ TINA TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN XWRI\S EI)=NAI DUNA/MENA TOU= E)N W(=| U(PH=RXON. PRO\S TAU/THN TH\N A)PORI/AN A)NTEI=PON OI( *)ARISTOTELIKOI\ LE/GONTES O(/TI EI) KAI\ XWREI= H( EU)WDI/A TOU= MH/LOU PRO\S H(MA=S, OU) KAQ' AU(TH\N XWREI=, A)LLA\ META/ TINWN E)K TOU= MH/LOU LEPTW=N A)PORROIW=N U(PEKXEI=TAI H( EU)WDI/A KAI\ E)/RXETAI PRO\S H(MA=S. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO OU(/TWS E)/XEI, DHLOI= TO\ R(UTIDOU=SQAI @1 TO\ MH=LON: PO/QEN DE\ A)\N E)RRUTIDOU=TO, EI) MH\ OU)SI/A TIS E)C AU)TOU= DIEFOREI=TO; EI) DE/ TIS, FASI/N, EI)/POI PRO\S H(MA=S TI/ DH/POTE E)N TW=| DE/NDRW| O)\N KAI\ EU)WDI/AN H(MI=N XARIZO/MENON OU) R(UTIDOU=TAI, GIGNWSKE/TW OU(=TOS O(/TI MA=LLON OU)SIOU=TAI E)K TH=S R(I/ZHS KAI\ TW=N KLA/DWN H)/PER DIAFOREI=TAI. AU(/TH ME\N OU)=N H( LU/SIS TW=N *PERIPATHTIKW=N. O( DE\ *PLWTI=NOS TAU/THN TH\N A)PORI/AN E)PILUO/MENOS E(TE/RAN E)PH/NEGKEN LU/SIN, TO\ DI/OSMON TOU= A)E/ROS AI)TIW/MENOS: E)/LEGEN GA\R O(/TI O( A)H\R DI/OSMOS W)\N DUNA/MEI GI/GNETAI E)NERGEI/A| EU)W/DHS, KAI\ OU(/TWS A)NTILAMBA-NO/MEQA TH=S EU)WDI/AS. KAI\ AU(/TH H( LU/SIS *PLWTI/NOU KOMYOTE/RA OU)=SA TH=S TW=N *PERIPATHTIKW=N: E)KEI/NH GA\R OU)K E)/STI PA/NU PIQANH/: EI) GA\R OU)SI/A E)STI\N H( E)KFEROME/NH, PA/NTWS H)\ A)/NW XWRH/SEI H)\ KA/TW: H)\ GA\R BARU/ E)STI TOU=TO TO\ SW=MA H)\ KOU=FON. EI) ME\N OU)=N KA/TW XWREI=, MO/NON OI( KA/TW W)/FELON O)SFRAI/NESQAI, EI) DE\ A)/NW, OI( A)/NW MO/NON. NU=N DE\ O(RW=MEN O(/TI OU) MO/NON OI( A)/NW H)\ OI( KA/TW O)SFRAI/NONTAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ OI( EI)S TO\ PLA/GION. EI) DE\ TAU=TA OU(/TWS E)/XEI, A)PI/QANOS E)FA/NH H( TW=N *PERIPATHTIKW=N LU/SIS. E)NI/STANTAI DE\ KAI\ PRO\S TH\N *PLWTI/NOU LU/SIN TINE\S LE/GONTES O(/TI H( EU)WDI/A TOU= MH/LOU A)=RA E)N TW=| AU)TW=| NU=N KAI\ E)N TW=| A)E/RI E)STI\ KAI\ E)N TW=| MH/LW| H)\ E)N A)/LLW| KAI\ A)/LLW| XRO/NW|; EI) ME\N GA\R E)N TW=| AU)TW=| NU=N, E)/STAI SW=MA XWROU=N DIA\ SW/MATOS DIA\ TO\ TA\S DU/O OU)SI/AS A)NAKI/RNASQAI A)LLH/LAIS: A)DU/NATON GA\R E)N TW=| AU)TW=| NU=N KAI\ E)N TW=| MH/LW| KAI\ E)N TW=| A)E/RI, EI) MH\ SW=MA DIA\ SW/MATOS XWRH/SEI. EI) DE\ E)N A)/LLW| KAI\ A)/LLW| XRO/NW|, DH=LON O(/TI H)=N METACU\ XRO/NOS, KAQ' O(\N OU)X U(PH=RXEN OU)DE\ E)N TW=| MH/LW| OU)D' E)N TW=| A)E/RI. EI) DE\ MH\ U(PH=RXEN OU)DE\ E)N TW=| MH/LW| OU)DE\ E)N TW=| A)E/RI, EU(REQH/SETAI %2%2 TO\ SUM-BEBHKO\S MHDE/POTE A)/NEU U(POKEIME/NOU. {1<20*(/OTAN E(/TERON KAQ' E(TE/ROU.>20}1 @*META\ TA\ O(MW/NUMA KAI\ SUNW/NUMA KAI\ PARW/NUMA KAI\ TH\N TW=N LEGO-ME/NWN PA/NTWN DIAI/RESIN KAI\ U(POGRAFH\N TOU= KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU KAI\ E)N U(PO-KEIME/NW| H(/KEI O( LO/GOS KAI\ E)PI\ TO\ BA/QOS KAI\ PLA/TOS TW=N KATHGORIW=N: E)/XOUSI GA\R AU(=TAI KAI\ BA/QOS KAI\ PLA/TOS. KAI\ BA/QOS ME/N E)STIN H( A)PO\ TW=N KAQO/LOU E)PI\ TA\ MERIKA\ KA/QODOS KAI\ H( A)PO\ TW=N MERIKW=N E)PI\ TA\ KAQO/LOU A)/NODOS, PLA/TOS DE\ H( E(KA/STOU PRA/GMATOS TOMH\ KAI\ DIAI/RESIS. KAI\ BA/QOS E)STI/N, OI(=ON W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN O(/TI H( OU)SI/A DIAIREI=TAI EI)S SW=MA KAI\ E)/MYUXON KAI\ ZW=|ON: A)PO\ GA\R TW=N KAQO/LOU KATHNTH/SAMEN [2EI)S]2 TA\ MERIKA/. EI) DE\ A)PO\ TOU= ZW/|OU A)NADRA/MWMEN EI)S TH\N OU)SI/AN, TO/TE A)PO\ TW=N MERIKW=N E)PI\ TA\ KAQO/LOU TH\N A)/NODON POIOU/MEQA. PLA/TOS DE/ E)STIN, W(S O(/TAN TO\ ZW=|ON DIAIRW= EI)S LOGIKO/N, EI)S PTHNO\N KAI\ PEZO/N. KAI\ TO\ ME\N BA/QOS A)NALOGEI= TOI=S FUSIKOI=S SW/MASIN: O(\N GA\R TRO/PON E)KEI=NA E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW FE/RONTAI, H(NI/KA EI)SI\ KOU=FA, H)\ E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW, H(NI/KA BARE/A, TO\N AU)TO\N TRO/PON KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N KATHGORIW=N H)\ A)PO\ TW=N KAQO/LOU A)RXO/MENOI TELEUTW=MEN EI)S TA\ MERIKA\ H)\ A)PO\ TW=N @1 MERIKW=N E)PI\ TA\ KAQO/LOU. TO\ DE\ PLA/TOS A)NALOGEI= TOI=S ZW/|OIS TH\N E)PI\ TO\ PLA/GION POIOUME/NOIS KI/NHSIN. E)N TOU/TOIS DE\ O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TREI=S KANO/NAS PROXEIRI/ZETAI, DU/O ME\N E)K TOU= BA/QOUS, E(/NA DE\ E)K TOU= PLA/TOUS. E)N OI(=S H( PAROU=SA QEWRI/A PERIKLEI/ETAI. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A IB#.]2>20}1 @*)ALL' I(/NA H( TOU/TWN GNW=SIS GI/NHTAI SAFESTE/RA, MIKRO\N A)/NWQEN A)RCW/-MEQA E(/KASTON TOU/TWN POLUPRAGMONOU=NTES, KAI\ PRW=TO/N GE TO\ BA/QOS, OU(= PRW=TON TO\N KANO/NA FHSI\N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS [2DIA\]2 TOU/TWN: W(S H(NI/KA TO\ PRO/-TERON TOU= DEUTE/ROU KATHGOREI=TAI W(S KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU [2KAI\]2 TO\ DEU/TERON TOU= TRI/TOU, TO/TE KAI\ TO\ PRW=TON TOU= TRI/TOU KATHGORHQH/SETAI: OI(=ON TO\ E)/MYUXON KATHGOREI=TAI TOU= ZW/|OU KAI\ TO\ ZW=|ON TOU= A)NQRW/POU W(S KAQ' U(PO-KEIME/NOU, A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ E)/MYUXON TOU= A)NQRW/POU. PRO/SKEITAI DE\ TO\ <20KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU>20 DIA/ TINAS A)PORI/AS, A(\S E)FECH=S LE/COMEN. KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU DE/ E)STIN, H(NI/KA TH=S AU)TH=S OU)SI/AS KAI\ TH=S SUSTA/SEWS KATHGOREI=TAI TO\ KATHGO-ROU/MENON. PRO/SKEITAI DE\ TOU=TO DIA\ TO\ GE/NOS: I)DOU\ GA\R TO\ GE/NOS KATHGO-REI=TAI TOU= ZW/|OU KAI\ TO\ ZW=|ON TOU= A)NQRW/POU, OU)K E)/TI DE\ KAI\ TO\ GE/NOS TOU= A)NQRW/POU, DIO/TI TO\ GE/NOS TOU= ZW/|OU OU) KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU KATHGOREI=TAI: OU) GA\R TH=S OU)SI/AS TOU= ZW/|OU E)STI\ DHLWTIKO/N, A)LL' W(S E)N SXE/SEI QEWREI=TAI. E)/TI TO\ DISU/LLABON KATHGOREI=TAI TOU= ZW/|OU, OU)K E)/TI DE\ KAI\ TO\ DISU/LLABON TOU= A)NQRW/POU, E)PEIDH\ OU)X W(S KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU KATHGOREI=TAI TO\ DISU/LLABON TOU= ZW/|OU, A)LL' W(S FWNH=S. DIA\ TAU=TA OU)=N PA/NTA PRO/SKEITAI TO\ <20KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU.>20 KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N O( PRW=TOS PERIE/XEI KANW/N. DEU/TEROS KANW\N O( A)PO\ TOU= BA/QOUS PROERXO/MENOS OU(=TOS: TW=N U(PA/LLHLA/ FHSI LEGOME/NWN GENW=N AI( AU)TAI/ EI)SI DIAFORAI/. KAI\ A)/CION E)NTAU=QA ZHTH=SAI POI/AS E)NTAU=QA O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS FHSI\ DIAFORA\S TW=N U(PALLH/LWN GENW=N, A)=RA TA\S SUSTATIKA\S H)\ TA\S DIAIRETIKA/S. FAME\N OU)=N O(/TI AI( ME\N SUSTATIKAI\ AI( AU)TAI/ EI)SI TW=N U(PALLH/LWN GENW=N, OI(=ON TOU= ZW/|OU KAI\ TOU= LOGIKOU= [1A)MFOTE/RWN GA\R AI( AU)TAI/ EI)SIN SUSTATIKAI\ DIAFORAI/, H)/GOUN TO\ OU)SI/A KAI\ TO\ E)/MYUXOS KAI\ TO\ AI)SQHTIKH/]1, AI( DE\ DIAIRETIKAI\ OU) PA/NTWS AI( AU)TAI/, A)LLA\ POTE\ ME\N AI( AU)TAI/ EI)SIN POTE\ DE\ OU)X AI( AU)TAI/: EI) GA\R DIE/LWMEN TO\ ZW=|ON EI)S LOGIKO\N KAI\ A)/LOGON, O(MOI/WS KAI\ TO\ PEZO\N EI)S LOGIKO\N KAI\ A)/LOGON, OU)K A)PEIKO/S TI POIW=. EI) DE\ DIE/LW TO\ ZW=|ON EI)S PTHNO\N KAI\ PEZO\N KAI\ E)/NUDRON, OU)K E)/TI DU/NAMAI EI)PEI=N O(/TI TOU= PEZOU= TO\ ME\N PTHNO\N TO\ DE\ E)/NUDRON, E)PEI\ EU(RI/SKOMAI EI)S TA\ A)NTIDIAIROU/MENA POIOU/MENOS TH\N DIAI/RESIN. E)/NQEN OU)K A)NA/GKH SUNTRE/XEIN A)EI\ TA\S AU)TA\S DIAFORA\S TA\S DIAIRETIKA\S TW=N U(PALLH/LWN GENW=N, A)LL' E)/STIN POTE\ ME\N [2TA\S]2 AU)TA\S LABEI=N, POTE\ DE\ OU)/. A)/CION DE\ ZHTH=SAI EI) AI( AU)TAI/ EI)SI DIAFORAI\ TW=N U(PALLH/LWN GENW=N, DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN EI)=PEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS @1 <20TW=N DE\ U(P' A)/LLHLA GENW=N OU)DE\N KWLU/EI TA\S AU)TA\S EI)=NAI DIAFORA/S:>20 DIA\ GA\R TOU= EI)PEI=N <20OU)DE\N KWLU/EI>20 H)|NI/CATO O(/TI POTE\ KAI\ DUNATO\N MH\ TA\S AU)TA\S EI)=NAI DIAFORA/S. PA/LIN A)/CION ZHTH=SAI O(/TI EI) POTE\ ME\N AI( AU)TAI/ EI)SIN, POTE\ DE\ OU)X [2AI(]2 AU)TAI/, DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN EI)=PEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS O(/TI <20O(/SA KATA\ TOU= KATHGOROUME/NOU LE/GETAI, TOSAU=TA KAI\ KATA\ TOU= U(PO-KEIME/NOU R(HQH/SETAI,>20 E)K TOU/TOU AI)NITTO/MENOS O(/TI AI( AU)TAI/ EI)SI DIAFORAI\ PA/NTOTE KAI\ PA/NTA TA\ A)/LLA. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI TA\S AU)TA\S EI)=NAI DIA-FORA\S EI)=PEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS DIA\ TO\N PRW=TON KANO/NA TO\N LE/GONTA O(/TI <20O(/TAN E(/TERON KAQ' E(TE/ROU KATHGORH=TAI W(S KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU, O(/SA KATA\ TOU= KATHGOROUME/NOU LE/GETAI, TOSAU=TA KAI\ KATA\ TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU R(HQH/SETAI.>20 TO\ DE\ <20OU)DE\N KWLU/EI>20 EI)=PEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS DIA\ TA\S DIAI-RETIKA/S, E)PEIDH\ AU(=TAI, W(S EI)/RHTAI, E)/STIN O(/TE OU)/K EI)SIN AI( AU)TAI/. KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N MI/A E)CH/GHSIS. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ DEUTE/RAN EI)PEI=N TOIAU/THN: O(/TI OU)DE\N KWLU/EI %2%2%2 KAI\ H( ME\N PRW/TH E)CH/GHSIS TW=N PRAGMA/TWN E)FA/PTETAI, H( DE\ DEUTE/RA AU)TH=S TH=S U(FHGH/SEWS TH=S LE/CEWS. KAI\ TAU=TA PERI\ TOU= DEUTE/ROU KANO/NOS. @*TRI/TOS KANW/N E)STIN O( A)PO\ TOU= PLA/TOUS LAMBANO/MENOS TW=N KATHGORIW=N. E)/XEI DE\ OU(/TWS: <20TW=N E(TEROGENW=N KAI\ MH\ U(P' A)/LLHLA TETAGME/NWN E(/TERAI TW=| EI)/DEI KAI\ AI( DIAFORAI/.>20 E(TE/RAS EI)=NAI BOU/LETAI O( FILO/SOFOS TA\S DIAFORA\S E)PI\ TW=N GENW=N TW=N E(TE/RWN TW=N MH\ U(PALLH/LWN. KAI\ TOU=TO OU) MA/THN: EI) GA/R [2TI]2 E(TE/ROU GE/NOUS E)STI\ KAI\ PROSAGA/GH|S AU)TW=| DIAFORA\S E(TE/ROU GE/NOUS, O)FQH/SH| EI)S A)NOIKEI/OUS DIAFORA\S POIW=N TH\N DIAI/RESIN: OI(=O/N E)STI ZW=|ON KAI\ E)PISTH/MH E(/TERON KAI\ E(/TERON GE/NOS, KAI\ OU) DU/NATAI/ TIS TA\S DIAFORA\S TOU= ZW/|OU, TO\ PTHNO\N KAI\ PEZO\N KAI\ E)/NUDRON, LABEI=N KAI\ A)NAGAGEI=N U(PO\ TH\N E)PISTH/MHN W(S OI)KEI/AS DIAFORA/S. KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N, EU)= E)/XEI O( LO/GOS O( LE/GWN TW=N E(TEROGENW=N E(TE/RAS EI)=NAI TA\S DIAFORA/S. A)LLA/ TINES PRO\S TOU=TO A)POROU=SI LE/GONTES O(/TI EU(RI/SKOMEN E)PI\ E(TEROGENW=N TA\S AU)TA\S DIAFORA/S: I)DOU\ GA/R, FASI/, TO\ E)/MYUXON KAI\ A)/YUXON E(TEROGENH=, KAI\ O(/MWS W(/SPER TO\ E)/MYUXON DIAIROU=MEN EI)S A)/POUN KAI\ U(PO/POUN, A)/POUN ME\N LE/GONTES O)/FIN KAI\ PA/NTA TA\ E(RPETA/, U(PO/POUN DE\ A)/NQRWPON KAI\ BOU=N KAI\ E(/TERA ZW=|A, A(\ BADI/ZEI XRW/MENA [2POSI/N]2, OU(/TW KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)YU/XWN FAME\N TA\ ME\N EI)=NAI A)/PODA, W(S QUI/AN KAI\ DOI/DUKA, TA\ DE\ U(PO/PODA, W(S KLI/NHN, QRO/NON KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. PRO\S TOU/TOUS FAME\N O(/TI MA=LLON OU)K E)/GNWTE TI/ FHSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS: E(TE/RAS FHSI\N EI)=NAI TA\S DIAFORA\S TW=| EI)/DEI A)NTI\ TOU= EI)DOPOIOU/S: TW=N ME\N GA\R E)MYU/XWN AU(=TAI AI( DIAFORAI\ EI)DOPOIOI/ EI)SI, TW=N DE\ A)YU/XWN OU)DAMW=S, A)LLA\ KATA\ METAFORA\N LE/GONTAI. MA/THN OU)=N PROH/XQH TA\ TH=S A)PORI/AS. TAU=TA H( PAROU=SA PERIE/XEI QEWRI/A. @1 {1<20[2*QEWRI/A IG#.]2>20}1 {1<20*(/OTAN E(/TERON KAQ' E(TE/ROU KATHGORH=TAI W(S KAQ' U(PO-KEIME/NOU.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA/ TINES PEIRW=NTAI LE/GEIN W(S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS OU) MO/NON TO\N O(RISMO\N TOU= KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU PARADI/DWSIN A)LLA\ KAI\ TOU= MH\ E)N U(POKEI-ME/NW|, E)NTAU=QA ME\N TOU= KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU, E)N TW=| LO/GW| DE\ TW=| [2PERI\]2 TH=S OU)SI/AS TOU= MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW|. KAI\ TOU\S ME\N LE/GONTAS TOU= KAQ' U(POKEI-ME/NOU AU)TO\N PARADEDWKE/NAI DIA\ TOU/TOU TO\N O(RISMO\N DIELE/GXOMEN OU(/TWS: OU)DE/POTE O(RISMO/N TINOS PROBALLO/MENOI E)KEI/NOU MNH/MHN POIOU/MEQA, OU(= E)STIN O( O(RISMO/S, E)PEI\ EU(RISKO/MEQA AU)TO\ DI' E(AUTOU= O(RIZO/MENOI, O(/PER E)STI\N A)/TOPON: E)NTAU=QA DE\ FAI/NETAI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TOU= KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU MNHMONEU/SAS: OU)K A)/RA AU)TOU= E)STIN O(RISMO/S. OI( DE\ LE/GONTES W(S TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| O(RI/ZETAI E)N TW=| LO/GW| TW=| PERI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS DIELE/GXONTAI KAI\ AU)TOI\ OU(/TWS: O( O(RISMO\S TW=N KAQO/LOU E)STI/: DEI/KNUTAI DE\ E)KEI= O(/TI PERI\ TH=S MERIKH=S OU)SI/AS DIALAMBA/NEI: OU)K A)/RA E)STI\N O(RISMO\S TOU= MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW|. MEMNH/SOMAI DE\ O(/TI H(MEI=S ME\N E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| BOULO/MENOI SUNE/XEIAN TW=| LO/GW| FULA/CAI TOU\S DU/O KANO/NAS TOU= BA/QOUS E)FECH=S EI)/POMEN, O( DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS OU)X OU(/TWS, A)LLA\ PRW=TON TO\N E(/NA FHSI\ TO\N A)PO\ TOU= BA/QOUS, KAI\ OU(/TWS E)PA/GEI TO\N A)PO\ TOU= PLA/TOUS, KAI\ TRI/TON TO\N E(/TERON TO\N A)PO\ TOU= BA/QOUS. {1<20*TW=N E(TEROGENW=N KAI\ MH\ U(P' A)/LLHLA TETAGME/NWN E(/TERAI/ EI)SI KAI\ AI( DIAFORAI/.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QE/N E)STIN O( TRI/TOS KANW\N O( A)PO\ TOU= PLA/TOUS LAMBANO/MENOS TW=N KATHGORIW=N, O(/S FHSI TW=N E(TEROGENW=N E(TE/RAS EI)=NAI TA\S DIAFORA/S. DI' H(\N DE\ AI)TI/AN TRI/THN E)/XEI TA/CIN PAR' H(MI=N, PARA\ DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LEI DEUTE/RAN, H)/DH EI)/RHTAI. {1<20*ZW/|OU ME\N GA\R DIAFORAI\ TO\ PEZO\N KAI\ DI/POUN KAI\ TO\ PTHNO/N.>20}1 @*TA\S A)NTIDIAIROUME/NAS E)/LABE DIAFORA/S: TW=| GA\R PEZW=| TO\ PTHNO\N A)NTI-DIH/|RHTAI. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI TETRAXW=S DIAIREI=TAI TO\ ZW=|ON: H)\ GA\R A)PO\ TH=S GNW/SEWS LAMBA/NETAI H( DIAI/RESIS, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN TOU= ZW/|OU TO\ ME\N LOGIKO\N TO\ DE\ A)/LOGON, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= XRO/NOU TH=S ZWH=S, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN TOU= ZW/|OU TO\ ME\N QNHTO\N TO\ DE\ A)QA/NATON, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= TRO/POU TH=S DIORGANW/SEWS, W(S @1 O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN TOU= ZW/|OU TO\ ME\N DI/POUN TO\ DE\ TETRA/POUN TO\ DE\ A)/POUN, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= TO/POU TH=S ZWH=S, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN TOU= ZW/|OU TO\ ME\N PTHNO\N TO\ DE\ E)/NUDRON TO\ DE\ XERSAI=ON. E)NTAU=QA TOI/NUN O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N DIAI/RESIN E)POIH/SATO A)PO\ TOU= TO/POU TH=S DIAGWGH=S KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= TRO/POU TH=S DIORGA-NW/SEWS, PH=| ME\N EI)PW\N [2<20PEZO\N>20 KAI\]2 <20PTHTO\N>20 KAI\ <20E)/NUDRON,>20 O(/PER E)STI\ TO/POU, PH=| DE\ <20DI/POUN,>20 O(/PER E)STI\ DIORGANW/SEWS. {1<20*TW=N KATA\ MHDEMI/AN SUMPLOKH\N LEGOME/NWN.>20}1 @*DIELW\N O( FILO/SOFOS TA\ LEGO/MENA EI)S DU/O, EI)S KAQO/LOU OU)SI/AN KAI\ MERIKO\N SUMBEBHKO/S, ME/TEISI LOIPO\N E)PI\ TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N A)/NEU SUMPLOKH=S, H)/GOUN EI)S TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N KATHGORIW=N, E)F' OI(=S KATAPAU/EI TO\ PRW=TON TMH=MA KAI\ A)/RXETAI TO\ DEU/TERON. TOU=TO DE\ POIEI= OU) SUNE/XEIAN TW=| LO/GW| MNHSTEUO/MENOS, A)LLA\ KAQA/PER OI( A)/RISTOI TW=N GRAFE/WN PRO\ TH=S TELEI/AS GRAFH=S TH\N SKIAGRAFI/AN TIQE/ASI, OU(/TW DH\ KAI\ AU)TO\S PRO\ TH=S A)KRIBOU=S KAI\ TELEI/AS E(KA/STHS TW=N KATHGORIW=N DIDASKALI/AS PAXUMERW=S PWS TH\N PERI\ AU)TW=N DIDASKALI/AN POIEI=TAI. ZHTH/SWMEN TOI/NUN POI/WN FWNW=N KAI\ POI/WN PRAGMA/TWN EI)SI\N AI( KATHGORI/AI. TW=N TOI/NUN FWNW=N AI( ME/N EI)SI PA/NTH| A)/SHMOI. TOIAU=TAI DE/ EI)SIN AI( MH/TE KAQ' AU(TA\S SHMAI/NOUSAI/ TI MH/TE META\ TW=N A)/LLWN SUMPLEKO/MENAI, OI(=ON KNA/C, BLI/TURI. AI( DE\ POTE\ ME\N SHMANTIKAI\ POTE\ DE\ A)/SHMOI: KAQ' E(AUTA\S ME\N GA\R OU)DE/N TI SHMAI/NOUSI, META\ DE\ TH=S E(TE/RWN SUMPLOKH=S OU) PEFU/KASIN A)/SHMOI, OI(=ON A)/RQRA, SU/NDESMOI KAI\ PROQE/SEIS. KAI\ MH/TOI QAUMA/SH|S EI) EI)=PON TINA\S FWNA\S EI)=NAI MHDE\N KAQ' E(AUTA\S SHMAINOU/SAS, A)LLA\ META\ TH=S E(TE/RWN SUMPLOKH=S, O(/POU GE KAI\ E)PI\ E(TE/RWN E)STI\ TOU=TO I)DEI=N: TO/NOI GOU=N KAI\ PNEU/MATA KAI\ O)BELOI\ KAI\ KORWNI/DES AU)TA\ ME\N KAQ' E(AUTA\ OU)DEMI/AN E)/XOUSI DU/NAMIN, META\ A)/LLWN DE\ GEGRAMME/NA POLLH\N E)NDEI/-KNUNTAI TH\N I)SXU/N. AI( DE\ PA/NTH| SHMANTIKAI/, OI(=ON A)/NQRWPOS, BOU=S, I(/PPOS. TW=N TOI/NUN PA/NTH| SHMAINOUSW=N EI)SI\N AI( KATHGORI/AI. POI/WN DE\ A)/RA PRAGMA/TWN EI)SI/; TW=N GA\R PRAGMA/TWN TA\ ME/N E)STIN A)TELH= TA\ DE\ TE/LEIA, A)TELH= ME\N OI(=ON KI/NHSIS, AU)/CHSIS, GE/NESIS, FQORA/, A)LLOI/WSIS, H( KATA\ TO/PON METABOLH/, TE/LEIA DE\ OI(=ON A)/NQRWPOS, BOU=S. TOU/TWN TOI/NUN TW=N TELEI/WN EI)SI\N AI( KATHGORI/AI. KATA\ DE\ E(TE/RAN DIAI/RESIN TW=N PRAGMA/TWN TA\ ME/N EI)SIN A(PLA=, OI(=ON MONA/S, EI)=DOS, SHMEI=ON, NU=N, TA\ DE\ SU/NQETA. TW=N TOI/NUN SUNQE/TWN EI)SI\N AI( KATHGORI/AI. KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N, OU)/TE TA\ A(PLA= PRA/GMATA OU)/TE TA\ A)TELH= U(PO\ TA\S KATHGORI/AS A)NA/GETAI, A)LLA\ TE/LEIA KAI\ SU/NQETA. TI/ OU)=N OU)K A)NA/GONTAI U(PO\ KATHGORI/AS TA\ A(PLA=; FAME\N O(/TI KATA\ ME\N TH\N I)DI/AN OU)SI/AN OU)/, W(S DE\ E)N SXE/SEI DU/NANTAI A)NA/GESQAI: H( GA\R MONA\S W(S A)RXH\ OU)=SA A)RIQMOU= A)NA/GETAI, KAI\ H( U(/LH KAI\ TO\ EI)=DOS W(S A)RXH\ SW/MATOS, @1 KAI\ TO\ SHMEI=ON W(S A)RXH\ MEGE/QOUS, KAI\ TO\ NU=N W(S A)RXH\ XRO/NOU: TAU=TA GA/R, W(S E)/FAMEN, KATA\ TH\N TOU/TWN OU)SI/AN U(PO\ KATHGORI/AN OU)K A)NA/GONTAI, W(S DE\ E)N SXE/SEI DU/NANTAI A)NAFE/RESQAI U(PO\ KATHGORI/AN. @*)EPI\ TOU/TOIS ZHTH/SWMEN PO/SAI EI)SI\ TO\N A)RIQMO\N AI( KATHGORI/AI. FAME\N O(/TI DE/KA, W(S DHLW/SOMEN E)/K TINOS DIAIRE/SEWS TOIAU/THS: PA=N O)\N H)\ E)N U(PO-KEIME/NW| H)\ OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW|. KAI\ TO\ OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW| O)\N POIEI= OU)SI/AN, TO\ DE\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| O)\N H)\ E)N SXE/SEI E)STI\N H)\ KAQ' AU(TO/. EI) ME\N OU)=N E)N SXE/SEI E)STI/N, POIEI= TH\N PRO/S TI KATHGORI/AN, EI) DE\ KAQ' AU(TO/ E)STIN, H)\ MERISTO/N E)STIN H)\ A)ME/RISTON. EI) ME\N OU)=N MERISTO/N, POIEI= [2TO\]2 POSO/N, EI) DE\ A)ME/RISTON, POIEI= TO\ POIO/N. TE/SSARES OU)=N H(MI=N A)NEFA/NHSAN KATHGORI/AI, OU)SI/A, POIO/N, POSO/N, PRO/S TI. GI/GNONTAI TOI/NUN A)/LLAI E(\C TH=S OU)SI/AS SUMMERIZOME/NHS TAI=S A)/LLAIS: OI(=ON H( OU)SI/A SUMPLAKEI=SA TW=| POSW=| POIEI= TO\ POU= KAI\ TO\ POTE/, EI)/ GE OU)DE\N E(/TERO/N E)STI TO\ POU= EI) MH\ [2TO\]2 TH\N OU)SI/AN E)N TO/PW| EI)=NAI, OI(=ON *SWKRA/THS E)N *LUKEI/W|, TO\ DE\ POTE/ TO\ TH\N OU)SI/AN E)N XRO/NW| EI)=NAI, OI(=ON *SWKRA/THS E)N *PELOPONNHSIAKW=| POLE/MW|: XRO/NOS DE\ KAI\ TO/POS U(PO\ TO\ POSO\N A)NAFE/RETAI. PA/LIN EI) SUMPLAKEI/H POIW=|, POIEI= TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN: POI/HSIS GA\R KAI\ PA/QHSIS KATA\ POIO/THTA GI/GNETAI, OI(=ON TO\ QERMO\N U(/DWR POIOU=N EI)S H(MA=S, TOU=T' E)/STI QERMAI=NON, PA/SXEI TI KAI\ AU)TO\ U(F' H(MW=N, TOU=T' E)/STI YU/XETAI, KAI\ E)/STI TO\ QERMAI/NEIN POIEI=N, TO\ DE\ YU/XESQAI PA/SXEIN. O(/TI DE\ TAU=TA U(PO\ TH\N POIO\N KATHGORI/AN A)NA/GONTAI, PA/NTH| POU DH=LON. PA/LIN EI) SUNTEQEI/H H( OU)SI/A TOI=S PRO/S TI, POIEI= TO\ KEI=SQAI KAI\ TO\ E)/XEIN: H)\ GA\R PRO\S TA\ OI)KEI=A MO/RIA E)/XEI TH\N SXE/SIN KAI\ POIEI= TO\ KEI=SQAI, EI)/ GE OU)DE\N E(/TERO/N E)STI TO\ KEI=SQAI H)\ TOIA/DE QE/SIS TW=N MORI/WN, H)\ PRO\S E(TE/RAN E)/XEI SXE/SIN KAI\ POIEI= TO\ E)/XEIN, EI)/ GE OU)DE\N E(/TERO/N E)STI TO\ E)/XEIN H)\ OU)SI/AS PAR' OU)SI/AN PARA/QESIS. DH=LON OU)=N W(S E)K TH=S MIA=S DIAIRE/SEWS DE/KA KAI\ MO/NON H(MI=N A)NEFA/NHSAN KATHGORI/AI. TINE\S DE\ TAU/THS OU)K A)NE/XONTAI TH=S DIAIRE/SEWS, A)LL' OI( ME/N FASIN PLEI/ONAS AU)TA\S EI)=NAI TA\S KATHGORI/AS OI( DE\ E)LA/TTOUS. KAI\ OI( ME\N PLEI/OUS EI)=NAI TAU/TAS BOULO/MENOI E(/NDEKA TAU/TAS EI)=NAI LE/GOUSI: W(/SPER TW=| POIEI=N A)NTI/KEITAI TO\ PA/SXEIN, KAI\ TW=| E)/XEIN A)NTI-KEI/SETAI TO\ E)/XESQAI. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI TO\ E)/XESQAI U(PO\ TO\ KEI=SQAI/ E)STIN: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ TO\ E)XO/MENON KEI=TAI/ PWS. OI( DE\ BOULO/MENOI TAU/TAS E)LA/TTOUS EI)=NAI OI( ME\N E)NNE/A FASI\N EI)=NAI TA\S KATHGORI/AS OI( DE\ DU/O. KAI\ OI( ME\N E)NNE/A BOULO/MENOI LE/GOUSIN O(/TI TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN KATA\ KI/NHSIN GI/GNETAI, KAI\ H( KI/NHSIS W)/FEILEN A)NTI\ TOU/TWN U(PA/RXEIN. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN H(MEI=S PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI OU)DE\ PA=N TO\ POIOU=N KINEI=TAI: I)DOU\ GA\R TO\ PRW=TON AI)/TION POIOU=N EI)S H(MA=S OU) KINEI=TAI. KALW=S OU)=N A)NWTE/RW TH\N KI/NHSIN A)TELW=N U(PA/RXOUSAN PRAGMA/TWN E)DIDA/CAMEN KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN MHDE\ U(PO\ KATHGORI/AN A)NAGOME/NHN: PW=S OU)=N DUNHQEI/H KATHGORI/A EI)=NAI TO\ MHDE\ U(PO\ @1 KATHGORI/AN A)NAGO/MENON; OI( DE\ LE/GONTES DU/O KAI\ MO/NAS EI)=NAI TA\S KATHGORI/AS FASI\N OU)SI/AN EI)=NAI KAI\ SUMBEBHKO/S, KAI\ LE/GOUSI TO\ SUMBEBHKO\S KATHGO-REI=SQAI TW=N LOIPW=N KATHGORIW=N W(S GE/NOS. OU(\S H(MEI=S E)LE/GXOMEN E)/K TINWN E)PI-XEIRHMA/TWN, W(=N TO\ PRW=TO/N E)STI TOIOU=TON: O(/TI E)N TH=| DIAIRE/SEI TH=| W(S GE/NOS EI)S EI)/DH DIAIROUME/NH| OU) QE/LEI TO\ E(/TERON TW=N EI)DW=N U(PO\ TO\ E(/TERON EI)=DOS A)NA/-GESQAI, E)NTAU=QA DE\ TO\ POSO\N U(PO\ TO\ POIO\N A)NA/GETAI: O( GA\R A)RIQMO\S TOU= POSOU= U(PO\ TO\ A)/RTION KAI\ TO\ PERITTO\N A)NA/GETAI, A(/TINA/ EI)SI TOU= POIOU=. DH=LON OU)=N E)NTEU=QEN [E)K TOU/TOU] PE/FUKEN W(S OU)K A)\N TO\ SUMBEBHKO\S W(S GE/NOS TW=N LOIPW=N KATHGORIW=N KATHGORHQEI/H. TO\ DE\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA/ E)STIN OU(/TWS: O(/TI E)N TH=| W(S GE/NOS EI)S EI)/DH DIAIRE/SEI OU) QE/LEI TA\ ME\N TW=N EI)DW=N EI)=NAI KAQ' E(AUTA\ TA\ DE\ E)N SXE/SEI, A)LL' H)\ PA/NTA KAQ' E(AUTA\ H)\ PA/NTA E)N SXE/SEI: OU)DE\ GA\R A)/DIKOS H( FU/SIS TA\ ME\N TW=N EI)DW=N E)N SXE/SEI POIEI= TA\ DE\ KAQ' E(AUTA/. E)N TAU/TH| DE\ AI( ME\N A)/LLAI KATHGORI/AI KAQ' E(AUTA/S EI)SIN, H( DE\ PRO/S TI W(S E)N SXE/SEI [OU(/TWS: O(/TI H)\ PA/NTA TA\ EI)/DH E)N SXE/SEI E)STI\N H)\ PA/NTA KAQ' E(AUTA/, OI(=ON TA\ ME\N EI)/DH TOU= ZW/|OU PA/NTA KAQ' E(AUTA/ E)STIN, TA\ DE\ EI)/DH TOU= POLLAPLASI/ONOS, OI(=ON TO\ DIPLA/SION, PA/NTA E)N SXE/SEI]. DE/DEIKTAI OU)=N PANTAXOU= W(S OU)K A)\N TO\ SUMBEBHKO\S W(S GE/NOS KATHGORHQEI/H TW=N LOIPW=N KATHGORIW=N. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A ID#.]2>20}1 {1<20*TW=N KATA\ MHDEMI/AN SUMPLOKH\N LEGOME/NWN E(/KASTON H)/TOI OU)SI/AN SHMAI/NEI H)\ POSO\N H)\ POIO\N H)\ PRO/S TI H)\ POTE\ H)\ POU= H)\ KEI=SQAI H)\ E)/XEIN H)\ POIEI=N H)\ PA/SXEIN.>20}1 @*KALW=S PROSE/QHKEN O( FILO/SOFOS <20TW=N KATA\ MHDEMI/AN SUMPLOKH/N:>20 POLLAI\ GA/R EI)SI SUMPLOKAI/, AI( ME\N KATA\ FWNH\N AI( DE\ KATA\ TO\ SHMAINO/-MENON: KATA\ ME\N FWNH\N OI(=ON ZW=|ON LOGIKO\N QNHTO/N, KATA\ DE\ TO\ SHMAINO/-MENON OI(=ON *SWKRA/THS TRE/XEI: I)STE/ON GA/R, W(S E)/FAMEN, O(/TI TA\ TAI=S LE/CESI SU/NQETA GRAMMATIKOI=S KAI\ MO/NOIS E)STI/N, OI(=ON TO\ ZW=|ON LOGIKO\N QNHTO/N, TO\ *KO/RAKOS PE/TRA, TO\ *)/AREIOS PA/GOS, TA\ DE\ TOI=S E)NQUMH/MASIN SU/NQETA KATA\ SUMPLOKH\N KAI\ MO/NON KALOU=SIN OI( FILO/SOFOI, E)PEI\ TOU/TOIS TH\N YH=FON A)PO-DEDW/KASI, E)KEI=NA KALOU=NTES A(PLA=, EI) KAI\ TAI=S LE/CESI PEFU/KASI SU/NQETA. KATA\ MHDEMI/AN TOI/NUN SUMPLOKH\N EI)/RHKEN O( FILO/SOFOS SHMAINO/MENON, O(/TI AI( KATHGORI/AI OU)/TE TAI=S FWNAI=S OU)/TE TW=| SHMAINOME/NW| KATA\ SUMPLOKH\N U(PA/RXOUSI. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ OU)SI/A ME\N W(S TU/PW| EI)PEI=N OI(=ON A)/NQRWPOS.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA H( SKIAGRAFI/A TW=N KATHGORIW=N, W(S E)LE/GOMEN E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| PRO\ TH=S DIDASKALI/AS TW=N KATHGORIW=N, OI(=ON O(/TI SKIAGRAFI/AN TOU/TWN A)PO- @1DI/DWSIN O( FILO/SOFOS. I)STE/ON OU)=N O(/TI AU)TO\S ME\N DIA\ PARADEIGMA/TWN TAU/TAS E)XARAKTH/RISEN, H(MEI=S DE\ TA\S U(POGRAFA\S AU)TW=N E)N TOI=S PROTELEI/OIS TOI=S EI)SAGOME/NOIS A)PODEDW/KAMEN. OU)DE\N DE\ A)/TOPON KAI\ NU=N TAU/TAS EI)PEI=N. OU)SI/A TOI/NUN E)STI\N AU)QUPO/STATON PRA=GMA. MA/QOIS DE\ TO\ LEGO/MENON E)K TOU= E)NANTI/OU: SUMBEBHKO\S GA/R E)STI TO\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| TO\ DEO/MENON E(TE/ROU PRO\S U(/PARCIN. EI) DE\ TO\ SUMBEBHKO\S E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, TOU=T' E)/STIN E)N E(TE/RW| E)/XON TH\N U(/PARCIN, DH=LON O(/TI AU)QUPO/STATO/S E)STIN H( OU)SI/A E(TE/ROU MH\ DEOME/NH PRO\S U(/PARCIN. POSO\N DE/ E)STI TO\ KATAMETROU/MENON, OI(=ON DI/PHXU, TRI/PHXU. POIO\N TO\ PARWNU/MWS KATHGOROU/MENON, OI(=ON LEUKO/N, GRAMMATIKO/N. PRO/S TI DE\ TO\ E)N SXE/SEI QEWROU/MENON, W(S PATH/R, UI(O/S. POU= DE/ E)STIN OU)SI/A E)N TO/PW|, OI(=ON *SWKRA/THS E)N *LUKEI/W|. POTE/ DE/ E)STIN OI(=ON OU)SI/A E)N XRO/NW|, OI(=ON *SWKRA/THS E)N TW=| *PELOPONNHSIAKW=| POLE/MW|. KEI=SQAI DE/ E)STIN H( TOIA/DE TW=N MORI/WN SXE/SIS, OI(=ON A)NA/KEITAI, KA/QHTAI. E)/XEIN DE/ E)STIN OU)SI/AS PAR' OU)SI/AN PARA/QESIS, OI(=ON DAKTU/LIOS E)N XEIRI/. POIEI=N DE/ E)STIN TO\ EI)/S TI E)NER-GEI=N, PA/SXEIN DE\ TO\ U(F' E(TE/ROU A)LLOIOU=SQAI. {1<20*(/EKASTON DE\ TW=N EI)RHME/NWN AU)TO\ ME\N KAQ' E(AUTO\ E)N OU)DEMIA=| KATAFA/SEI LE/GETAI [2H)\ A)POFA/SEI]2, TH=| DE\ PRO\S A)/LLHLA TOU/TWN SUMPLOKH=| KATA/FASIS H)\ A)PO/FASIS GI/NETAI.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA BOU/LETAI TA\S A(PLA=S FWNA\S O( FILO/SOFOS XWRI/SAI A)PO\ TW=N KATAFA/SEWN KAI\ A)POFA/SEWN. PRO\S DE\ TELEI/AN TOU/TWN DIA/KRISIN KE/XRHTAI KANO/NI TOIOU/TW|: E)A\N H)=| E(/N, PRA/GMATA DE\ DU/O TINA/, KAI\ TW=| ME\N A(RMO/SH| TW=| DE\ OU)X A(RMO/SH|, DIA/FORA/ E)STIN E)KEI=NA DHLONO/TI. OI(=O/N TI LE/GW: EI)SI\ DU/O TINA/, ZW=|ON KAI\ FUTO/N: TOU/TWN TO\ AI)SQHTIKO\N TW=| ME\N U(PA/RXEI, LE/GW DH\ TW=| ZW/|W|, TW=| DE\ OU)X U(PA/RXEI, LE/GW DH\ TW=| FUTW=|: DH=LON OU)=N O(/TI TAU=TA DIA/FORA/ EI)SIN, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ ZW=|ON KAI\ FUTO/N. OU(/TWS OU)=N KAI\ E)NTAU=QA/ EI)SIN A(PLAI= FWNAI\ KAI\ KATA/FASIS KAI\ A)PO/FASIS: TO\ DE\ A)LHQEU/EIN H)\ YEU/-DESQAI KATAFA/SEI KAI\ A)POFA/SEI A(RMO/ZEI, TAI=S DE\ A(PLAI=S FWNAI=S OU)K E)FAR-MO/ZEI: DH=LON A)/RA O(/TI KAI\ DIAFE/ROUSIN AU(=TAI AI( A(PLAI= FWNAI\ KAI\ AI( KATA-FA/SEIS KAI\ AI( A)POFA/SEIS. O(/QEN KAI\ AU)TO/S FHSIN O(/TI <20E(/KASTON TW=N EI)RH-ME/NWN>20, TOU=T' E)/STI TW=N A(PLW=N FWNW=N, LE/GW DH\ TW=N KATHGORIW=N, <20AU)TA\ KAQ' AU(TA\ OU)/TE KATA/FASIN SHMAI/NEI OU)/TE A)PO/FASIN, TH=| DE\ PRO\S A)/LLHLA TOU/TWN SUMPLOKH=| KATA/FASIS GI/NETAI KAI\ A)PO/FASIS.>20 OI(=ON SUMPLE/KW TH\N OU)SI/AN KAI\ TH\N POIO\N KATHGORI/AN, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ A)/NQRWPOS TRE/XEI, KAI\ GI/NETAI KATA/FASIS DHLONO/TI. TO\ DE\ OU)/ A)RNHTIKO\N MO/RION METACU\ TOU/TWN LAMBANO/MENON A)PO/FASIS GI/NETAI, OI(=ON A)/NQRWPOS OU) TRE/XEI. @1 {1<20*PERI\ OU)SI/AS.>20}1 {1<20*OU)SI/A DE/ E)STIN H( KURIW/TATA/ TE KAI\ PRW/TWS KAI\ MA/LISTA LEGOME/NH, H(\ MH/TE KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU TINO\S LE/GETAI MH/TE E)N U(PO-KEIME/NW| TINI/ E)STIN.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ AI( KATHGORI/AI KAI\ LE/GONTAI KAI\ EI)SI\ KAI\ AU)TO\ TOU=TO KATHGO-ROU=NTAI, DIO/TI ME\N LE/GONTAI, TW=N LEGOME/NWN E)POIH/SATO TH\N DIAI/RESIN, DIO/TI DE\ EI)SI/, TA\ O)/NTA DIEI=LEN, DIO/TI DE\ KATHGOROU=NTAI, W(RI/SATO O(MW/NUMA, SUNW/-NUMA, PARW/NUMA: TAU=TA GA\R KATHGORI/AS TRO/POI EI)SI/N. E)N W(=| DE\ MA/LISTA PROSH=KEN TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS TO\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI, E)NDIE/TRIYE TW=| LO/GW| TW=| PERI\ TW=N SUNWNU/MWN, PARADOU\S AU)TW=N TO\ I)/DION. H)=N DE\ TOU=TO TO\ METADIDO/NAI TOI=S OI)KEI/OIS U(POKEIME/NOIS TW=N I)DI/WN KATHGOROUME/NWN. TOU=TO DE\ EI)=PEN, O(/TE E)/LEGEN <20O(/TAN E(/TERON KAQ' E(TE/ROU KATHGORH=TAI W(S KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU, O(/SA KATA\ TOU= KATHGORHME/NOU LE/GETAI, TOSAU=TA KAI\ KATA\ TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU R(HQH/SETAI.>20 EI)=TA E)DI/DACEN POI=A ME\N TW=N SUNWNU/MWN TA\S AU)TA\S E)/XEI DIAFORA/S, POI=A DE\ E(TE/RAS, KAI/ FHSIN O(/TI TA\ E(TEROGENH= E(TE/RAS E)/XEI TA\S DIAFORA/S, TA\ DE\ U(PA/LLHLA TA\S AU)TA/S. KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N, PE/NTE ME/N TINAS O(RISMOU\S A)PODE/DWKEN, O(MWNU/MWN, SUNWNU/MWN, PARWNU/MWN, TH=S E)N U(POKEIME/NW| FWNH=S, TH=S KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU, TREI=S DE\ DIAIRE/SEIS, %2%2 TW=N LEGOME/NWN KATA\ SUMPLOKH\N EI)S TE/SSARA, TW=N A)/NEU SUM-PLOKH=S EI)S TA\S DE/KA KATHGORI/AS, KAI\ TREI=S KANO/NAS, DU/O ME\N TOU= BA/QOUS TW=N KATHGORIW=N E(/NA DE\ TOU= PLA/TOUS. KAI\ DIALABW\N PERI\ TOU/TWN E)N TW=| PRW/TW| TMH/MATI KAI\ OU(/TW PROPARASKEUA/SAS H(MA=S, ME/TEISI LOIPO\N E)PI\ TO\ DEU/TERON TMH=MA E)NTEU=QEN E)FAPTO/MENOS TW=N A)GW/NWN KAI\ POIEI=TAI TH\N A)RXH\N A)PO\ TH=S OU)SI/AS. EI)KO/TWS, E)PEIDH\ AU(/TH PRW/TH TW=N A)/LLWN E)STI/N: O)/NTWN ME\N GA\R TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN A)NA/GKH PA/NTWS OU)SI/AN U(PA/RXEIN, OU)/SHS DE\ TAU/THS OU)K A)NA/GKH PA/NTWS EI)=NAI KAI\ TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA: W(/STE SUNEISFE/RETAI ME/N, OU) SUNEISFE/REI DE/. A)LLA\ KAI\ SUNANAIREI= ME/N, OU) SUNANAIREI=TAI DE/: A)NAI-ROUME/NHS ME\N GA\R OU)SI/AS A)NH/|RHTAI KAI\ TO\ SUMBEBHKO/S, A)NAIROUME/NWN DE\ TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN OU)K A)NH/|RHTAI H( OU)SI/A. TA\ DE\ TOIAU=TA FU/SEI PRW=TA/ E)STIN. @*OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ KALW=S H(MI=N U(PECEI/RGASTO O( LO/GOS O( PERI\ TH=S TA/CEWS, FE/RE ZHTH/SWMEN E)PI\ TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS E(/C TINA: PRW=TON ME\N PO/SA TA\ SHMAI-NO/MENA TH=S OU)SI/AS, DEU/TERON DE\ PERI\ POI/OU SHMAINOME/NOU O( LO/GOS E)STI/, TRI/TON POI/W| TRO/PW| DIAIRE/SEWS KE/XRHTAI, TE/TARTON DIA\ TI/ TH\N A)/TOMON TH=S KAQO/LOU PRW/THN E)KA/LESEN, PE/MPTON EI) GE/NOS H( OU)SI/A, PW=S E)PIDE/XETAI TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON, E(/KTON ZHTH/SWMEN EI) U(GIH/S E)STIN H( A)PODEDOME/NH U(POGRAFH\ TH=S OU)SI/AS. OU)X E(\N TOI/NUN A)LLA\ POLLA\ SHMAINO/MENA TH=S OU)SI/AS E)/STIN: LE/GETAI GA\R OU)SI/A KAI\ PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA, KAQO\ U(/PARCIN E)/XEI TINA/, E)/STIN @1 DE\ OU)SI/A KAI\ H( A(PLH= [1KAI\ AU(/TH PA/LIN DITTH/: H)\ KREI/TTWN TH=S SUNQE/TOU, W(S H( MI/A TW=N PA/NTWN A)RXH/, H)\ XEI/RWN TH=S SUNQE/TOU, W(S H( A)NEI/DEOS U(/LH]1, E)/STI DE\ OU)SI/A KAI\ H( SU/NQETOS, OI(=ON A)/NQRWPOS, I(/PPOS. TOSAU=TA TOI/NUN SHMAINO/MENA TH=S OU)SI/AS. E)PI\ TOU/TOIS DEU/TERON ZHTH/SWMEN PERI\ POI/OU SHMAINOME/NOU DIALE/GETAI. FHMI\ DH\ O(/TI OU) PERI\ TOU= SHMAINOME/NOU E)KEI/NOU TOU= DHLOU=NTOS PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA: TAU=TA GA\R U(PO\ PASW=N TW=N KATHGORIW=N DIDA/SKETAI KAI\ OU)X U(PO\ MIA=S MO/NHS. A)LL' OU)DE\ MH\N PERI\ TH=S A(PLH=S DIA-LE/GETAI, OU)/TE TH=S KREI/TTONOS TH=S SUNQE/TOU [1TOU=TO GA\R QEOLOGI/AS E)/RGON DIDA/CAI]1, OU)/TE PERI\ TH=S XEI/RONOS: TOU=TO GA\R FUSIOLOGI/A| PROSH/KEI. LEI/PETAI OU)=N PERI\ TH=S SUNQE/TOU AU)TO\N DIALABEI=N. OU)XI\ SUNQE/TOU A(PLW=S, E)PEI\ EU(RISKO/MEQA PA/NTA TA\ FUSIKA\ SUGGRA/MMATA TOU= FILOSO/FOU E)N TOU/TW| PERILAMBA/NONTES, A)LLA\ PERI\ TAU/THS FAME\N DIALE/GESQAI W(S U(PO\ FWNH=S SHMAINOME/NHS, E)PEI\ KAI\ H( LOGIKH\ PRAGMATEI/A PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN DIALE/GETAI, OU)X O(/TI PRA/GMATA, A)LL' O(/TI U(PO\ FWNW=N SHMAI/NONTAI. TRI/TON H)=N TW=N ZHTOUME/NWN, POI/W| TRO/PW| DIAIRE/SEWS KE/XRHTAI. DIAIREI= TOI/NUN O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N OU)SI/AN EI)S KAQO/LOU KAI\ MERIKH/N. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ H( OU)SI/A GE/NOS E)STI\ GENI-KW/TATON TA\ DE\ GENIKW/TATA GE/NH E)/XEI KAI\ GE/NH KAI\ EI)/DH KAI\ A)/TOMA, TA\ ME\N A)/TOMA PRW=TA E)KA/LESEN TA\ DE\ GE/NH KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH DEU/TERA, OU) KEXRHME/NOS DIAIRE/SEI KURI/WS, A)LLA\ TRO/PW| DIDASKALIKW=| MIMOU/MENOS TRO/PON DIAIRETIKO/N. TE/TARTON E)PI\ TOU/TOIS ZHTH/SWMEN PW=S E)NTAU=QA TH\N A)/TOMON OU)SI/AN PRW/THN KALEI= TH\N DE\ KAQO/LOU DEUTE/RAN, E)N DE\ TH=| *META\ FUSIKA\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN PRW=TA ME\N TA\ KAQO/LOU TA/TTEI DEU/TERA DE\ TA\ MERIKA/. FAME\N OU)=N H(MEI=S O(/TI DITTH\ H( TA/CIS, H( ME\N FUSIKH/, H(/TIS KAI\ TA\ KAQO/LOU PRW=TA OI)=DEN TW=N MERIKW=N, H( DE\ PRO\S H(MA=S, H(/TIS TA\ MERIKA\ OI)=DEN PRO\ TW=N KAQO/LOU. DITTH=S OU)=N OU)/SHS TH=S TA/CEWS, OU) TH=| TA/CEI TH=| FUSIKH=| KE/XRHTAI, A)LLA\ TH=| PRO\S H(MA=S: E)PEIDH\ GA\R EI)SAGW-GIKO\N TO\ SU/GGRAMMA PE/FUKEN, FILANQRW/PWS POIW=N O( FILO/SOFOS A(RMO/ZETAI PRO\S H(MA=S. E)N DE\ TOI=S *META\ FUSIKA\ TOI=S PRA/GMASIN E(PO/MENOS A)PONE/MEI KA)KEI/NOIS TO\ I)/DION, TO\ KAQO/LOU TW=N MERIKW=N PROTA/TTWN. O( DE\ *)ALE/CANDROS KAI\ I)DI/AS E)PILU/SEWS EU)POREI=: FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI TA\ A)/TOMA PRW=TA U(PA/RXEI TW=N KAQO/LOU [1PRW=TA DE/ FHSI TH=| FU/SEI]1: SUNEISFE/RETAI GA\R KAI\ OU) SUNEI-SFE/REI: TOU= GA\R [2KOINOU=]2 KUNO\S O)/NTOS A)NA/GKH KAI\ TO\N A)/TOMON EI)=NAI KU/NA, E)PEI\ TINO/S E)STI, TOU= DE\ A)TO/MOU O)/NTOS OU) PA/NTWS A)NA/GKH KAI\ TO\N KOINO\N U(PA/RXEIN. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, DH=LON E)K TOU= MONADIKOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ TOU= MONADIKOU= KO/SMOU: TOU/TWN GA\R O)/NTWN OU)K A)NA/GKH OU)/TE KOINO\N KO/SMON OU)/TE KOINO\N H(/LION EI)=NAI. PE/MPTON H)=N TW=N ZHTOUME/NWN, EI) GE/NOS H( OU)SI/A, PW=S FHSIN O( FILO/SOFOS E)PIDE/XESQAI TAU/THN TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON, KAI/TOI TW=N GENW=N MH\ E)PIDEXOME/NWN TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON, EI)/ GE A)LHQH/S E)STIN O( KANW\N O( LE/GWN "3E)N OI(=S E)STI TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON, TOU/TWN TO\ KOINW=S KATHGOROU/MENON OU)K E)/STIN GE/NOS."3 PRO\S OU)=N TH\N TOIAU/THN ZH/THSIN H(MEI=S FAMEN O(/TI A)MFO/TERA PE/FUKEN A)LHQH=: KAI\ GA\R E)PIDE/XETAI KAI\ OU)K @1 E)PIDE/XETAI H( OU)SI/A TH\N DIAI/RESIN TH\N EI)S PRW/THN KAI\ DEUTE/RAN, KAT' A)/LLO ME/NTOI KAI\ A)/LLO. SKO/PEI DE\ E)PI\ PARADEI/GMATOS: H( ME\N GA\R KATA\ PLA/TOS DIAI/RESIS OU)K E)PIDE/XETAI TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON, KAQO\ DE/ E)STI TO\ PRW/THN EI)=NAI TH\N OU)SI/AN, DEU/TERON TO\ SW=MA, TRI/TON TO\ E)/MYUXON, TE/TARTON TO\ ZW=|ON, H)/GOUN DIA\ BA/QOUS, AU(/TH H( DIAI/RESIS E)PIDE/XETAI: E)MYU/XOU GA\R MH\ O)/NTOS OU)DE\ ZW=|O/N E)STI, ZW/|OU DE\ MH\ O)/NTOS E)/STIN E)/MYUXON: PRW=TON OU)=N TO\ E)/MYUXON, DEU/TERON DE\ TO\ ZW=|ON. E)N DE\ TH=| KATA\ PLA/TOS DIAIRE/SEI, O(/TI TO\ ZW=|ON DIAIREI=TAI, EI) TU/XOI, EI)S LOGIKO\N KAI\ A)/LOGON, OU)K A)\N EI)/POIMEN TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON: OU)/TE GA\R TO\ LOGIKO\N PRW=TON U(PA/RXEI TOU= A)LO/GOU, KAQO\ OU)SI/A, OU)/TE TO\ A)/LOGON TOU= LOGIKOU=. E(/KTON KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON KEFA/LAION, E)N W(=| ZHTH/SWMEN EI) U(GIH/S E)STIN H( A)PODOQEI=SA U(POGRAFH\ TH=S OU)SI/AS: E)/STI GA\R H( LE/GOUSA OU(/TWS: <20OU)SI/A E)STI\N H( KURIW/TATA KAI\ PRW/TWS KAI\ MA/LISTA LEGOME/NH, H(\ MH/TE KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU TINO\S LE/GETAI MH/TE E)N U(POKEIME/NW| TINI/ E)STIN.>20 LE/GW TOI/NUN O(/TI OU) MO/NON TAU/TH| U(PA/RXEI TH=| OU)SI/A| H( U(POGRAFH/, A)LLA\ KAI\ TH=| MIA=| TW=N A(PA/NTWN A)RXH=|: KAI\ GA\R KA)KEI/NH OU)/TE KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU LE/GETAI OU)/TE E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)STI/N. FAME\N OU)=N H(MEI=S PRO\S TOU\S TA\ TOIAU=TA A)POROU=NTAS O(/TI E)PI\ ME\N TH=S MIA=S TW=N PA/NTWN A)RXH=S PA/NTA A)POLELUME/NWS E)ROU=MEN PRO\S OU)DEMI/AN DIASTOLH/N, E)NTAU=QA DE\ PRO\S A)NTIDIASTOLH\N TW=N O(MOZU/GWN PARALAMBA/NOMEN TH\N U(PO-GRAFH/N: OI(=ON E)PI\ ME\N TH=S PRW/THS A)RXH=S FAMEN MH/TE KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU TAU/THN EI)=NAI MH/TE E)N U(POKEIME/NW| MHDE\N E(/TERON PROSUPAKOU/ONTES, E)PI\ DE\ TAU/THS PRO\S A)NTIDIASTOLH\N TW=N O(MOZU/GWN LAMBA/NONTES TH\N U(POGRAFH/N, O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN O(/TI OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, EI)SA/GOMEN O(/TI TOI=S E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)STI\N [2U(PO-KEI/MENON]2 [1U(PO/KEITAI GA/R]1, KAI\ PA/LIN E)A\N EI)/PWMEN O(/TI OU) KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU E)STI/N, EI)SA/GOMEN O(/TI U(PO/KEITAI TOI=S KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PROKEIME/NHS QEWRI/AS EI)S E)CE/TASIN. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A IE#.]2>20}1 {1<20*OU)SI/A DE/ E)STIN H( KURIW/TATA KAI\ PRW/TWS KAI\ MA/LISTA LEGOME/NH, H(\ MH/TE KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU TINO\S LE/GETAI MH/TE E)N U(PO-KEIME/NW| TINI/ E)STIN.>20}1 @*PANTAXO/QEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH\N A)/TOMAN OU)SI/AN KAI\ PRW/THN E)GKWMIA/ZEI, E)K TOU= LE/GESQAI KAI\ TOU= EI)=NAI KAI\ TOU= NOEI=SQAI, KAI\ E)K ME\N TOU= LE/GESQAI LE/GWN <20KURIW/TATA,>20 O(/TI KURI/WS AU)TH=| PRO/SESTI TO\ O)/NOMA KAI\ OU) METAFORIKW=S, E)K DE\ TOU= NOEI=SQAI LE/GWN <20KAI\ PRW/TWS,>20 E)K DE\ TOU= EI)=NAI TW=| <20MA/LISTA>20 KEXRH-ME/NOS, W(S A)\N EI) E)/LEGEN O(/TI OU)SI/A E)STI\N H( KURI/WS LEGOME/NH KAI\ PRW/TWS NOOUME/NH KAI\ MA/LISTA OU)=SA. O(/MWS KAI\ PANTAXO/QEN TH\N MERIKH\N E)PAINE/SAS OU)SI/AN OU)K H)DUNH/QH TELEI/AN TAU/TH| TH\N YH=FON A)PODOU=NAI: PERI\ GA\R TAU/THS @1 FHSI\N <20H( KURIW/TATA KAI\ PRW/TWS KAI\ MA/LISTA LEGOME/NH,>20 H( DE\ KAQO/LOU OU) MO/NON KURIW/TATA KAI\ PRW/TWS KAI\ MA/LISTA LE/GETAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)/STIN. {1<20*OI(=ON O( TI\S A)/NQRWPOS H)\ O( TI\S I(/PPOS.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA ZHTOU=MEN PW=S O( FILO/SOFOS MERIKH=S OU)SI/AS BOULO/MENOS PARA/DEIGMA LABEI=N, <20O( TI\S A)/NQRWPOS>20 EI)=PEN, KAI\ MH\ E)/FHSEN *SWKRA/THS KAI\ *PLA/TWN. FAME\N OU)=N H(MEI=S O(/TI TOU=TO PEPOI/HKEN, I(/NA KAI\ E)N TOI=S MERIKOI=S A)NASTREFOME/NOUS H(MA=S TA\ KOINO/TERA PARASKEUA/SH| KATADIW/KEIN: DIA\ GA\R TOU= <20TI\S A)/NQRWPOS>20 KAI\ KAQOLIKWTE/RW| KAI\ KOINOTE/RW| O)NO/MATI E)XRH/SATO KAI\ MERI-KH\N OU)SI/AN E)SH/MANEN: TO\ GA\R TI/S, W(S H)/DH POLLA/KIS EI)RH/KAMEN, MERIKO/N E)STIN PRO/SRHMA, TO\ DE\ A)/NQRWPOS KOINO\N KATA\ PA/NTWN FERO/MENON TW=N MERIKW=N. DH=LON OU)=N E)NTEU=QEN W(S O( TI\S A)/NQRWPOS EI)PW\N KAI\ KOINOTE/RW| E)XRH/SATO O)NO/MATI KAI\ TO\ MERIKO\N OU)DE\N E)ZHMI/WSEN. H)\ OU)=N DIA\ TAU/THN TH\N AI)TI/AN PROH/GAGE TO\N LO/GON, H)\ DIO/TI PERI\ TW=N KATHGORIW=N U(PH=RXEN O( LO/GOS AU)TW=|, OU)K E)MNH/SQH *SWKRA/TOUS H)\ *PLA/TWNOS, A)LL' EI)=PEN <20TI\S A)/NQRWPOS,>20 O(/PER KOINO/TERO/N E)STIN, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, H)/PER I)/DION TOU= KATHGOROUME/NOU, PROSEGGI/ZEI DE\ TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS MA=LLON TO\ KOINW=S KATHGOREI=SQAI H)/PER I)DI/WS. {1<20*DEU/TERAI DE\ OU)SI/AI LE/GONTAI, E)N OI(=S EI)/DESIN AI( PRW=TAI OU)SI/AI LEGO/MENAI U(PA/RXOUSIN.>20}1 @*EI)RHKW\S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS POI/AS PRW/TAS OU)SI/AS KALEI=, METE/RXETAI LOIPO\N E)PI\ TO\ DIDA/CAI POI=AI LE/GONTAI EI)=NAI DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI. <20DEU/TERAI>20 TOI/NUN, FHSI/N, <20OU)SI/AI EI)SI/N, E)N OI(=S EI)/DESIN AI( PRW=TAI OU)SI/AI LEGO/MENAI U(PA/RXOUSIN.>20 O(/RA DE\ PW=S TEXNIKO\S W)\N KAI\ A)KRIBH\S OU)K EI)=PEN O(/TI TA\ GE/NH KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI LE/GONTAI: H)PI/STATO GA\R O(/TI KAI\ E)N TOI=S SUMBEBHKO/SIN EI)SI\N GE/NH KAI\ EI)/DH, OI(=ON E)PI\ TW=| POIW=| SUMBEBHKO/TI O)/NTI E)STI\ GE/NOS ME\N TO\ XRW=MA EI)=DOS DE\ TO\ LEUKO/N. I(/NA OU)=N MH\ E)PI\ TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA TO\N NOU=N H(MW=N E)PAGA/GH|, DIA\ TOU=TO EI)=PEN <20DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI LE/GONTAI, E)N OI(=S EI)/DESIN AI( PRW=TAI OU)SI/AI U(PA/RXOUSIN,>20 TOU=T' E)/STI TA\ EI)/DH TA\ KATH-GOROU/MENA TW=N A)TO/MWN OU)SIW=N. SKO/PEI DE\ PW=S OU)K E)KARTE/RHSE PA/LIN TELEI/AN A)PODOU=NAI TH\N YH=FON KA)NTAU=QA PROSTIQEI\S TO\ <20LEGO/MENAI,>20 PANTAXOU= TOU\S TOSOU/TOUS E)PAI/NOUS KOLA/ZWN. {1<20*DEU/TERAI OU)=N AU(=TAI OU)SI/AI LE/GONTAI, OI(=ON O(/ TE A)/NQRWPOS KAI\ TO\ ZW=|ON.>20}1 @*)/ESTI KAI\ E(TE/RWS E)PIXEIRH=SAI O(/TI TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON OU)/K EI)SI @1 DIAFORAI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS: H( GA\R OU)SI/A E)/XOUSA GE/NH KAI\ EI)/DH KAI\ A)/TOMA E)/XEI TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON. E)/XONTA DE\ KAI\ TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA GE/NH KAI\ EI)/DH KAI\ A)/TOMA, EU(REQH/SETAI TAU=TA E)/XONTA TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON KAI\ TAI=S AU)TAI=S DIAFORAI=S DIAROU/MENA. H)KOU/SAMEN DE\ E)N TOI=S A)NWTE/RW TOU= FILOSO/FOU LE/GONTOS W(S TW=N E(TEROGENW=N KAI\ MH\ U(P' A)/LLHLA TETAGME/NWN E(/TERAI/ EI)SI KAI\ AI( DIAFORAI/. DH=LON OU)=N A)/RA O(/TI OU)K E)/STI TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ DEU/TERON KAI\ E)N TH=| OU)SI/A| KAI\ E)N TW=| SUMBEBHKO/TI: EI) GA\R TOU=TO PARADECW/MEQA, YEUDH\S O( LO/GOS E)STI\ TOU= FILOSO/FOU. DH=LON OU)=N A)/RA E)K TOU/TWN PA/NTWN GE/GONEN W(S OU)/K EI)SI TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON TH=S OU)SI/AS DIAFORAI/. {1<20*FANERO\N DE\ E)K TW=N EI)RHME/NWN O(/TI TW=N KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU LEGOME/NWN A)NAGKAI=ON KAI\ TOU)/NOMA KAI\ TO\N LO/GON>20 KAI\ TO\ E(CH=S.}1 @*PANTAXO/QEN E)GKWMIA/SAS O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N A)/TOMON KAI\ PRW/THN OU)SI/AN E)/K TE TOU= LE/GESQAI KAI\ EI)=NAI KAI\ NOEI=SQAI DIA\ TRIW=N LE/CEWN, TH=S TE KURIW/-TATA KAI\ TH=S PRW/TWS KAI\ MA/LISTA, NU=N TH\N AI)TI/AN A)PODI/DWSI TW=N TOSOU/TWN E)PAI/NWN KAI\ KE/XRHTAI LO/GW| DUNAME/NW| TRIXW=S A)KOU/ESQAI, KAI\ W(S QEW/RHMA KAI\ W(S PO/RISMA KAI\ W(S LH=MMA. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TW=N PRAGMA/TWN TA\ ME/N E)STI KAQ' AU(TA\ TA\ DE\ E)N SXE/SEI, KAI\ EI) ME\N KAQ' AU(TA/, POIEI= TO\ QEW/RHMA, EI) DE\ E)N SXE/SEI, H)\ PRO\S TA\ FQA/SANTA H)\ PRO\S TA\ ME/LLONTA, KAI\ EI) ME\N PRO\S TA\ FQA/SANTA, TO\ PO/RISMA POIEI= OI(=ON KE/RDOS E)K TW=N FQASA/NTWN A)NAFAINO/-MENON, EI) DE\ PRO\S TA\ ME/LLONTA TO\ LH=MMA POIEI=: A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TA\ KAQ' AU(TA\ TW=N E)N SXE/SEI PRW=TA/ EI)SIN, PRW=TON W(S QEWRH/MATOS A)KOUSTE/ON TOU= LO/GOU, EI)=TA E)PEIDH\ PA/LIN TA\ FQA/SANTA TW=N MELLO/NTWN PRW=TA/ E)STI, DEU/TERON W(S PORI/SMATOS A)KOUSTE/ON, KAI\ EI)=Q' OU(/TWS W(S LH/MMATOS. W(S ME\N OU)=N QEWRH/-MATOS OU(/TWS: PE/NTE TRO/POI EI)SI\ KATHGORIW=N, W(S DEI/COMEN E)K DIAIRE/SEWS TOIAU/THS: PA/NTA TA\ KATHGOROU/MENA H)\ KATA\ FU/SIN E)STI\N H)\ PARA\ FU/SIN: KATA\ FU/SIN ME/N, O(/TAN TA\ KAQO/LOU TW=N MERIKW=N KATHGORW=NTAI H)\ TA\ SUM-BEBHKO/TA TW=N OU)SIW=N, PARA\ FU/SIN DE\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN: E)NDE/XETAI GA\R KAI\ TA\ MERIKA\ TW=N KAQO/LOU KATHGOREI=SQAI KAI\ TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN TH\N OU)SI/AN: TA\ ME\N MERIKA\ TW=N KAQO/LOU, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PW "3TO\ PROSIO\N ZW=|ON A)/NQRWPO/S E)STI"3, TH\N DE\ OU)SI/AN TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PW "3LEUKO\S A)/NQRWPO/S E)STI"3. TA\ ME\N OU)=N KATHGOROU/MENA, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, H)\ KATA\ FU/SIN E)STI\N H)\ PARA\ FU/SIN, KAI\ EI) ME\N KATA\ FU/SIN, H)\ KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU H)\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW|: KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU ME\N W(S TA\ KAQO/LOU TW=N MERIKW=N, E)N U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ W(S TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA TW=N OU)SIW=N. PA/LIN TO\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| O)\N H)\ OU) METADI/DWSI TOU= O)NO/MATOS KAI\ POIEI= TO\ E(TERW/NUMON, H)\ METADI/DWSI: KAI\ EI) METADI/DWSIN, H)\ ME/ROS H)\ O(/LON: KAI\ EI) ME/ROS, POIEI= TA\ PARW/NUMA, EI) DE\ O(/LON, POIEI= TA\ O(MW/NUMA. E)FA/NHSAN OU)=N H(MI=N E)K TAU/THS TH=S DIAIRE/SEWS PE/NTE TRO/POI KATHGORIW=N, PARA\ FU/SIN, KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU, O(MWNU/MWS, E(TERWNU/MWS, PARW- @1NU/MWS. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N W(S QEWRH/MATOS E)CAKOUSTE/ON TOU= LO/GOU. W(S DE\ PORI/SMATOS OU(/TWS: E)/LEGEN O( FILO/SOFOS O(/TI TA\ KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU PA/NTWN METADI/DWSI TOI=S I)DI/OIS U(POKEIME/NOIS, O(/TE E)/LEGEN <20O(/TAN E(/TERON KAQ' E(TE/ROU KATHGORH=TAI W(S KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU, O(/SA KATA\ TOU= KATHGOROU-ME/NOU LE/GETAI, TOSAU=TA KAI\ KATA\ TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU R(HQH/SETAI.>20 EI) DE\ PA/NTWN METADI/DWSI, DH=LON O(/TI KAI\ O)NO/MATOS KAI\ LO/GOU: TA\ DE\ O)NO/MATOS KAI\ LO/GOU METADIDO/NTA SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOROU=NTAI: TA\ A)/RA KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOROU=NTAI. O(/SA TOI/NUN MH\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGO-REI=TAI, OU)K E)/TI KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU KATHGOROU=NTAI, A)LL' H)\ O(MWNU/MWS H)\ E(TE-RWNU/MWS H)\ PARWNU/MWS H)\ PARA\ FU/SIN. E)DEI/CAMEN A)/RA KAI\ E)K TOU/TWN W(S PE/NTE TRO/POI A)NEFA/NHSAN KATHGORIW=N. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N KAI\ W(S PORI/SMATOS A)KOUSTE/ON TOU= LO/GOU. W(S DE\ LH/MMATOS %2%2%2. EI)KO/TWS PROE/TACEN TH\N A)/TOMON OU)SI/AN: PE/NTE GA\R O)/NTWN TRO/PWN KATHGORIW=N KAI\ U(PO\ DU/O A)NAGO-ME/NWN TW=NDE, KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU KAI\ OU) KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU, FAI/NETAI PA=SIN U(POKEIME/NH H( A)/TOMOS OU)SI/A, TOI=S TE KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU, I(/NA KATHGORHQW=SIN, KAI\ TOI=S E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, I(/NA U(POSTW=SIN. KAI\ E)/OIKE TO/ TE KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU KAI\ TO\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| KU/KLW| TINI/, AU(/TH DE\ KE/NTRW| KEIME/NW| E)N ME/SW|: PA/NTA GA\R PERI\ TAU/THN KUKLOU=NTAI, TA\ ME\N I(/NA U(POSTW=SIN TA\ DE\ I(/NA KATH-GORHQW=SIN. @*)ALLA\ A)PORI/A TIS H(MI=N E)NTEU=QEN A)NAKU/PTEI H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI EI) PA/NTA E)STI\N E)N TH=| A)TO/MW| OU)SI/A|, KAQO\ KATHGOROU=NTAI AU)TH=S, EU(REQH/SETAI KAI\ TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO\S E)N TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A|. O(\ E)PILUO/MENOI/ TINES LE/GOUSIN O(/TI NAI/: E)/STIN GA\R TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO\S E)N TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A|: E)/XEI GA\R H( YUXH\ TH\N KAQO/LOU GNW=SIN KAI\ OI)=DEN TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO/S. A)LLA\ PRO\S TOU\S TA\ TOIAU=TA LE/GONTAS H(MEI=S FAMEN O(/TI H( YUXH\ TH\N TOU= KAQO/LOU GNW=SIN E)/XEI, OU) ME/NTOI GE TH\N KAQO/LOU GNW=SIN: TH\N TOU= KAQO/LOU ME\N GA\R E)/XEI GNW=SIN W(S GIGNW/SKOUSA TA\ KAQO/LOU, TH\N DE\ KAQO/LOU GNW=SIN OU)K E)/XEI, E)PEI\ E)XRH=N MHDEMI/AN A)/LLHN GIGNW/SKEIN, EI) MH\ TH\N E)/XOUSAN KAI\ MO/NON. O(/TI DE\ TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO\S OU)K E)/STIN E)N TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A|, DEI/COMEN E)K TRIW=N TINWN E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, W(=N TO\ PRW=TON TOIAU/THN E)/XEI TH\N A)GWGH/N: EI) TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO/S, W(S U(MEI=S FATE, E)N TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A| E)STI/N, EU(RE-QH/SETAI KAI\ TO\ MERIKO\N SUMBEBHKO\S E)PI\ TH=| KAQO/LOU OU)SI/A|, E)PEI\ TI/S H( AI)TI/A TH=S A)POKLHRW/SEWS TO\ AU)TO\ ME\N KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO\S EI)=NAI E)N TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A|, TO\ DE\ MERIKO\N SUMBEBHKO\S MH\ EI)=NAI E)N TH=| KAQO/LOU OU)SI/A|; EI) DE/ E)STI TO\ MERIKO\N SUMBEBHKO\S E)N TH=| KAQO/LOU OU)SI/A|, E)/STI DE\ KAI\ E)N TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A|, E)/STAI E(\N PRA=GMA KATA\ A)RIQMO/N, OI(=ON TO\ LEUKO\N H)\ TO\ ME/LAN, E)N DU/O U(POKEIME/NOIS, O(/PER A)DU/NATON. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TOIAU/THN E)/XON TH\N A)GWGH/N: EI) TO\ MERIKO\N SUMBEBHKO\S E)N TH=| KAQO/LOU OU)SI/A| E)STI/N, A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)N TH=| MERIKH=| E)STIN OU)SI/A|, OU)DE\N H(=TTON QEWREI=TAI, EI) TA\ AU)TA\ A)LLH/LOIS E)STI/N, H)\ E(/TERA. A)LL' EI) ME\N TAU)TA/, SUNA/GETAI A)/TOPON: OU)DE/- @1POTE GA\R OU)/TE TO\ KAQO/LOU KAI\ TO\ MERIKO\N TAU)TO/N FAMEN EI)=NAI OU)/TE DU/O PRA/GMATA KATA\ A)RIQMO\N E(\N DU/NATAI/ TIS EI)PEI=N. LEI/PETAI OU)=N EI)=NAI AU)TA\ E(/TERA. EI) DE\ E(/TERA/ E)STIN TO\ KAQO/LOU KAI\ TO\ MERIKO/N, E)PEIDH\ A(RMO/ZEI TO\ KAQO/LOU W(S A)SW/MATON TH=| MIA=| TW=N PA/NTWN [2A)RXH=|]2, EU(REQH/SETAI TA\ A(RMO/ZONTA TOI=S A)SWMA/TOIS KAI\ TA\ A(RMO/ZONTA PA=SIN TOI=S SW/MASIN E)MYU/XOIS TE KAI\ A)YU/XOIS E)N *SWKRA/TEI QEWROU/MENA, O(/PER E)STI\N A)DU/NATON: DH=LON GA\R O(/TI TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO\S W(S A)SW/MATON O)\N OU)K E)N *SWKRA/TEI QEWRHQH/SETAI. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: E)PEIDH\ TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO\S E)N TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A| BOU/LETAI EI)=NAI, POI=ON TOU=TO; TO\ PRO\ TW=N POLLW=N; TOU=TO GA\R E)N MO/NW| TW=| DHMIOURGW=| E)STIN. EI) DE\ TO\ E)N TOI=S POLLOI=S, KAI\ TOU=TO PA/LIN A)/TOPON: E)N GA\R TAI=S H(METE/RAIS YUXAI=S, O(\ KAI\ FANTAZO/MEQA. EI) DE\ [2TO\]2 E)PI\ TOI=S POLLOI=S, TOU=TO PA=SI TOI=S PRA/GMASIN A(RMO/ZEI O(MOI/WS: TO\ DE\ PA=SIN A(RMO/ZON KAI\ MH\ E(NI/, PW=S DU/NATAI *SWKRA/THS KAI\ MO/NOS PARALABEI=N; TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; PW=S DH/LWN TOU/TWN, A)PODEICA/NTWN H(MW=N O(/TI A)DU/NATON TO\ KAQO/LOU SUMBEBHKO\S E)N TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEIN, O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS FHSI\N O(/TI TO\ KAQO/LOU SUM-BEBHKO\S E)N TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A| E)STI/N; PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI E)PEIDH\ H)PI/STATO [2O(/TI]2 TA\ KAQO/LOU W(S METEXO/MENA U(PO\ TW=N MERIKW=N E)PIDE/XETAI TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA, TOU/TOU XA/RIN E)/FH "3E)PEI\ AU(=TAI AI( KAQO/LOU OU)SI/AI A)SW/MATOI OU)=SAI O(/SON E)F' E(AUTAI=S, OU)K A)\N E)PIDE/CAINTO/ POTE SUMBEBHKO/S, EI) MH\ DIA\ ME/SWN TW=N MERIKW=N DHLONO/TI"3. O(/QEN O( ME\N KAQO/LOU KU/KNOS W(S A)SW/MATOS W)\N AU)TO\S KAQ' E(AUTO/N, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, OU)K A)\N E)PIDE/COITO TH\N LEUKO/THTA, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ OI( KAQ' E(/KASTA KU/KNOI PA/NTES LEUKOI/ EI)SI, DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ TW=| KAQO/LOU DIA\ ME/SWN TW=N MERIKW=N PROSA/PTOMEN TH\N LEUKO/THTA. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PRO-KEIME/NHS H(MI=N QEWRI/AS EI)S E)CE/TASIN. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A I#2#.]2>20}1 {1<20*FANERO\N DE\ E)K TW=N EI)RHME/NWN O(/TI TW=N KAQ' U(POKEI-ME/NOU LEGOME/NWN A)NAGKAI=ON KAI\ TOU)/NOMA KAI\ TO\N LO/GON KATHGO-REI=SQAI TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU.>20}1 @*(HMEI=S ME\N E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| PARADEDW/KAMEN W(S DUNATO\N TRIXW=S TO\ PRO-KEI/MENON A)KOU/ESQAI KAI\ W(S QEW/RHMA KAI\ W(S LH=MMA KAI\ W(S PO/RISMA. O( DE\ FILO/SOFOS E)/OIKE DIALAMBA/NEIN PERI\ AU)TOU= W(/SPER PORI/SMATOS: TO\ GA\R <20FANERO\N E)K TW=N EI)RHME/NWN>20 TO\ PO/RISMA SHMAI/NEI, EI)/ GE OU)DE\N E(/TERO/N E)STI TO\ PO/RISMA H)\ KE/RDOS E)K TW=N FQASA/NTWN A)NAFAINO/MENON. {1<20*TOU=TO DE\ FANERO\N E)K TW=N KAQ' E(/KASTA PROXEIRIZOME/NWN, OI(=ON KATA\ TOU= A)NQRW/POU TO\ ZW=|ON KATHGOREI=TAI.>20}1 @*BOULO/MENOS O( FILO/SOFOS DEI=CAI W(S TA\ KAQO/LOU TW=N MERIKW=N KATHGO- @1REI=TAI, E)/STI DE\ KAQO/LOU ME\N TA\ GE/NH KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH MERIKA\ DE\ TA\ A)/TOMA, OU) KATHGO/RHSE TO\ EI)=DOS TW=N A)TO/MWN, TO\ PROSEXW=S KAI\ FANERW=S TOU/TWN KATH-GOROU/MENON, A)LLA\ TO\ GE/NOS W(S PO/RRW U(PA/RXON: OU)DEI\S GA\R A)\N PERI\ TOU= EI)/DOUS A)MFE/BALEN W(S MH\ KATHGOROU/MENON TW=N A)TO/MWN OU)SIW=N, E)PEIDH\ PROSEXW=S, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, U(PH=RXEN, PERI\ DE\ TOU= GE/NOUS A)MFIBOLI/AN I)/SWS EI)=XEN E)N TOI=S POLLOI=S EI) KATHGOREI=TAI TW=N A)TO/MWN OU)SIW=N H)\ MH\ KATHGO-REI=TAI. DIO\ TO\ GE/NOS O( FILO/SOFOS TW=N A)TO/MWN KATHGO/RHSE DIA\ MIA=S LE/CEWS TO\ PA=SIN A)MFI/BOLON DIALU/WN. {1<20*TW=N DE\ DEUTE/RWN OU)SIW=N MA=LLON OU)SI/A TO\ EI)=DOS TOU= GE/NOUS: [2E)/GGION GA\R TH=S PRW/THS OU)SI/AS]2 E)STI/N: E)A\N GA\R A)PODIDW=| TIS TH\N PRW/THN OU)SI/AN TI/ E)STIN, GNWRIMW/TERON KAI\ OI)KEIO/TERON A)PODI/DWSI TO\ EI)=DOS H)/PER TO\ GE/NOS.>20}1 @*PANTAXO/QEN E)PAINE/SAS TH\N PRW/THN OU)SI/AN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS KAI\ TH\N AI)TI/AN TW=N E)PAI/NWN A)PODOU/S, METE/RXETAI LOIPO\N E)PI\ TA\S DEUTE/RAS OU)SI/AS KAI\ TO\ FAINO/MENON ME\N TH=| A)LHQEI/A| A)KMH\N E)/XETAI TW=N E)PAI/NWN TH=S A)TO/MOU KAI\ PRW/THS OU)SI/AS: E)N GA\R TAI=S DEUTE/RAIS OU)SI/AIS TO\ EI)=DOS TOU= GE/NOUS MA=LLON OU)SI/AN KALEI=, DIO/TI E)GGU/TERO/N E)STI TH=S PRW/THS OU)SI/AS. EI) OU)=N TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, PW=S OU) TW=N MEGI/STWN E)PAI/NWN A)CIWQH/SETAI; KATASKEUA/ZEI TOI/NUN E)K DU/O E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN O(/TI MA=LLON TO\ EI)=DOS OU)SI/A H)/PER TO\ GE/NOS, E)K TH=S E)GGU/THTOS KAI\ TH=S A)NALOGI/AS. KAI\ E)K ME\N TH=S E)GGU/THTOS OU(/TWS: TO\ MA=LLON PLHSIA/ZON TH=| A)TO/MW| OU)SI/A| MA=LLON OU)SI/A E)STI/: TO\ DE\ EI)=DOS MA=LLON TOI=S A)TO/MOIS PLHSIA/ZEI TOU= GE/NOUS: TO\ EI)=DOS A)/RA MA=LLON OU)SI/A E)STI/N. O(/TI DE\ PLHSIE/STERO/N E)STI TOU= GE/NOUS, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: E)A\N GA\R BOULHQW=MEN EI)DE/NAI TI/ E)STIN H( A)/TOMOS KAI\ PRW/TH OU)SI/A KAI\ A)PODW=MEN O(/TI A)/NQRWPOS, OI)KEIO/TERON KAI\ PROSEXE/STERON A)PODW/SOMEN, H)/PER E)A\N EI)/PWMEN ZW=|ON. E)K DE\ TH=S A)NALOGI/AS O(/TI W(=| DA)\N E)N TAI=S DEUTE/RAIS OU)SI/AIS AI)/TION U(PH=RXEN TW=N TOSOU/TWN E)PAI/NWN TH=S A)TO/MOU OU)SI/AS, E)KEI=NO MA=LLON OU)SI/A E)STI/: LE/GW DH\ TOSOU/TWN E)PAI/NWN AI)/TION TO\ PA=SIN U(POKEI=SQAI: EI) OU)=N TO\ EI)=DOS PA=SIN U(PO/KEITAI, TOI=S ME\N SUMBEBHKO/SIN I(/NA U(POSTW=SIN, TOI=S DE\ GE/NESIN I(/NA KATHGORHQW=SIN, DH=LON O(/TI MA=LLON OU)SI/A E)STI/N. O(/TI DE\ TO\ GE/NOS U(PO/KEITAI TOI=S SUMBEBHKO/SI PRO\S U(PO/-STASIN, OU)K E)/TI DE\ KAI\ A)/LLOIS TISI\ PRO\S KATHGORI/AN, PRO/DHLO/N E)STI. EI)KO/TWS OU)=N E)/K TE TH=S E)GGU/THTOS KAI\ TH=S A)NALOGI/AS TH\N TOIAU/THN PROSHGORI/AN TO\ EI)=DOS MA=LLON A)PEI/LHFEN H)/PER TO\ GE/NOS, DIO/TI TO\ I)/DION TH=S PRW/THS OU)SI/AS E)N TOU/TW| MA=LLO/N E)STIN, H)/PER E)N TW=| GE/NEI, FHMI\ DH\ TO\ EI)=NAI MA=LLON OU)SI/AN TO\ EI)=DOS H)/PER TO\ GE/NOS. @*)ALL' E)NTEU=QEN TREI=S H(MI=N A)NAKU/PTOUSIN A)PORI/AI, W(=N H( PRW/TH TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: PW=S AU)TO\S O( FILO/SOFO/S FHSIN MET' O)LI/GON O(/TI OU)K E)PI-DE/XETAI H( OU)SI/A TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON, E)NTAU=QA TOU=TO A)POFAINO/MENOS @1 TW=| MA=LLON EI)=NAI OU)SI/AN TO\ EI)=DOS H)/PER TO\ GE/NOS. PRO\S TAU/THN TH\N A)PORI/AN FAME\N O(/TI KAI\ E)PIDE/XETAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON KAI\ OU)K E)PIDE/XETAI: EI) ME\N GA\R MI/A KAI\ MO/NH OU)SI/A PRO\S E(AUTH\N PARALHFQEI/H, OU)K E)PIDE/XETAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON, OI(=ON A)/NQRWPOS: OU) GA\R MA=LLON OU)SI/A E)STI\ H)\ H(=TTON, KAQA/PER TO\ LEUKO\N E)PI/TASIN DE/XETAI KAI\ A)/NESIN. EI) DE\ DU/O OU)SI/AI PRO\S E(AUTA\S SUGKRIQW=SI, TO/TE LE/GETAI OU)SI/A TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON E)PI-DE/XESQAI: OI(=ON E)A\N U(PA/RXWSI DU/O OU)SI/AI, OI(=ON [2O(]2 A)/NQRWPOS KAI\ TO\ ZW=|ON, MA=LLON OU)SI/AN LE/GW EI)=NAI TO\N A)/NQRWPON H)/PER TO\ ZW=|ON. DEUTE/RA A)PORI/A: EI) TA\ EI)/DH TW=N GENW=N MA=LLON OU)SI/AI E)STI/, TI/NOS XA/RIN MH\ TA\ EI)/DH ME\N DEUTE/RAS OU)SI/AS E)KA/LESEN, TA\ DE\ GE/NH TRI/TAS OU)SI/AS; PRO\S TAU/THN PA/LIN FAME\N TH\N A)PORI/AN O(/TI O( FILO/SOFOS PRO\S TH\N AI)TI/AN TOU/TWN A)POBLE/YAS TH\N KOINH/N, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ KATHGOREI=SQAI, MIA=S H)CI/WSE TAU=TA PROSHGORI/AS: KOINH\N GA\R AI)TI/AN E)/XOUSI TO\ KOINW=S KATHGOREI=SQAI KATA\ TH=S PRW/THS OU)SI/AS. PRO\S TOU=TO A)POBLE/YAS A)MFOTE/RAS DEUTE/RAS E)KA/LESIN, OU) PRO\S TO\ TH\N ME\N MA=LLON OU)SI/AN EI)=NAI TH\N DE\ H(=TTON. A)LL' E)K TAU/THS TH=S E)PILU/SEWS TRI/TH TIS H(MI=N A)NAFAI/NETAI A)PORI/A, H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI EI) KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH KAI\ TA\ GE/NH DIA\ TH\N KOINH\N AI)TI/AN, TOU=T' E)/STI DIA\ TO\ SUMBA/LLESQAI TOU/TOIS TA\S PRW/TAS OU)SI/AS, DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI E)KLH/QHSAN, TI/NOS XA/RIN MH\ KAI\ TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA; OU)DE\N GA\R H(=TTON KAI\ TOI=S SUMBEBHKO/SIN H( PRW/TH OU)SI/A SUMBA/LLETAI. [MH\ DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI E)KLH/QHSAN, H)/GOUN AI( DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI SUMBEBHKO/TA]. PRO\S TOU/TOUS FAME\N O(/TI EI) KAI\ O(MOI/WS PA=SIN H( PRW/TH OU)SI/A SUMBA/LLETAI, A)LL' OU)X O(MOI/WS E)/XEI PRO\S PA/NTA TH\N SXE/SIN OU)DE\ O(MOI/WS U(PO\ PA/NTWN DHLOU=TAI: A)ME/LEI EI) BOULHQEI/HN DHLW=SAI TH\N A)/TOMON OU)SI/AN, OI)KEIO/TERON A)PODI/DWMI LE/GWN TO\ EI)=DOS H)\ TO\ GE/NOS H)/PER E(\N TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN. EI)KO/TWS OU)=N TA\ PROSEXH= SHMASI/AN E)/XONTA KAI\ OI)KEIO/TERON DHLOU=NTA TH\N PRW/THN OU)SI/AN DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI E)KLH/QHSAN. KAI\ A)/LLWS: TA\ E)/XONTA TO\ I)/DION TH=S PRW/THS OU)SI/AS EI)KO/TWS OU)SI/AI KALOU=NTAI: TA\ GA\R GE/NH KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH U(PO/KEITAI TOI=S SUMBEBHKO/SI, TA\ DE\ SUMBEBHKO/TA OU)X U(PO/KEITAI OU)/TE TOI=S EI)/DESIN OU)/TE TOI=S GE/NESIN. EI)KO/TWS A)/RA OU)SI/AI LE/GONTAI. @*)EN TOU/TOIS H(MA=S O( FILO/SOFOS PROPARAKEUA/SAS E)FA/PTETAI LOIPO\N W(S EI)PEI=N AU)TW=N TW=N A)GW/NWN, BOULO/MENOS H(MI=N A)PODOU=NAI TI/ E)STIN OU)SI/A. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ GE/NOS E)STI\N AU(/TH GENIKW/TATON, TW=N DE\ GENIKWTA/TWN GENW=N, W(S I)/SMEN, O(RISMOU\S OU)K E)/STIN A)PODOU=NAI, DIO/TI PA=S O(RISMO\S E)K GE/NOUS KAI\ DIAFORW=N, EI)KO/TWS O(RISMW=| OU)X U(POBA/LLEI TH\N FU/SIN AU)TH=S, A)LL' E)C I)DI/WN AU)TH\N XARAKTHRI/ZEI: TO\ GA\R I)/DION EI)KW/N E)STIN W(S EI)PEI=N O(RISMOU=. A)PODI/DWSIN OU)=N I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI. E)PEIDH\ DE\ TO\ I)/DION KAI\ MO/NW| KAI\ PANTI\ BOU/LETAI E)FARMO/ZEIN, ZHTH/SWMEN E)PI\ TOU= PARO/NTOS I)DI/OU EI) PRO/SESTIN AU)TW=| TAU=TA. A)LL' EI) ME\N MO/NH| H)\ OU) MO/NH| E)FARMO/ZEI, E(TE/RA| QEWRI/A| FULA/CWMEN: EI) DE\ PA/SH| [2KAI\]2 PW=S PA/SH| E)FARMO/SEI, E)PI\ TH=S PAR-OU/SHS QEWRI/AS ZHTH/SWMEN. LE/GW TOI/NUN O(/TI PA/SAIS TAI=S OU)SI/AIS U(PA/RXEI, @1 W(S DHLW/SOMEN E)K DIAIRE/SEWS TOU=TON E)XOU/SHS TO\N TRO/PON: H( OU)SI/A H)\ PRW/TH E)STI\N H)\ DEUTE/RA. KAI\ EI) ME\N PRW/TH, OU)/TE KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU E)STI\N OU)/TE E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, W(S E)DI/DACEN O( FILO/SOFOS. EI) DE\ DEUTE/RA, KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU ME/N E)STIN, E)N U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ OU)K E)/STIN. KAI\ A)MFO/TERAI AU(=TAI KATA\ ME\N TO\ KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU KAI\ OU) KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU DIAFE/ROUSI, TO\ DE\ OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW| KOINO\N E)N A)MFOTE/RAIS A)NAFAI/NETAI. EI) OU)=N HU(RE/QH KAI\ E)N TH=| PRW/TH| KAI\ E)N TH=| DEUTE/RA| OU)SI/A| TO\ OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, DH=LON A)/RA O(/TI E)N PA/SH| TH=| OU)SI/A| E)/STI TO\ OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW| KAI\ PA/SHS I)/DIO/N E)STI. KAI\ O(/TI ME\N AI( PRW=TAI OU)SI/AI OU)/K EI)SIN E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, PRO/DHLON PA=SI KAQE/STHKEN. POLLOI\ DE\ TA\S DEUTE/RAS OU)SI/AS U(POLAMBA/NOUSIN EI)=NAI DIA\ TO\ KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU EI)=NAI AU)TA/S, MHDE\N E(/TERON EI)=NAI NOMI/ZONTES TO\ KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU PARA\ TO\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW|. O(/TI DE\ AI( DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI OU)/K EI)SIN E)N U(POKEIME/NW| TAI=S PRW/TAIS OU)SI/AIS, DEI/CWMEN E)K PE/NTE KANO/NWN, W(=N O( PRW=TOS TOIOU=TO/S E)STIN: W(=N TA\ A)/TOMA E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, TOU/TWN KAI\ TA\ GE/NH KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH E)N U(POKEI-ME/NW|, KAI\ PA/LIN W(=N TA\ GE/NH KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, TOU/TWN KAI\ TA\ A)/TOMA. AI( DE\ PRW=TAI OU)SI/AI OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)SI/: DH=LON A)/RA [2O(/TI]2 OU)DE\ AI( DEU/TERAI E)N U(POKEIME/NW| LE/GONTAI, A(/TE DH\ EI)/DH O)/NTA KAI\ GE/NH TW=N PRW/TWN OU)SIW=N. EI) DE\ TA\ EI)/DH KAI\ TA\ GE/NH E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)SI/N, EU(REQH/SETAI H( A)/TOMOS OU)SI/A KAI\ PRW/TH E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, O(/PER A)DU/NATON. DEU/TEROS KANW/N: OU)DE\N TW=N E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)N TOI=S I)DI/OIS A)TO/MOIS W(S E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)STI/N, OI(=ON OU)DE/POTE TO\ XRW=MA E)N SW/MATI LEUKW=| W(S E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EU(REQEI/H: EI) DE\ TA\ GE/NH KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH E)N U(POKEIME/NW| LE/GETAI, DH=LON O(/TI OU)/K EI)SIN E)N TOI=S I)DI/OIS A)TO/MOIS DIA\ TO\N EI)RHME/NON KANO/NA. EI) DE\ MH\ E)N TOI=S I)DI/OIS A)TO/MOIS EI)SI/, DH=LON O(/TI E)N SUMBEBHKO/SI U(POLEI/PETAI EI)=NAI TA\ GE/NH KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, STRAFH/SETAI H( TA/CIS KAI\ E)/STAI TA\ ME\N SUMBEBHKO/TA OU)K E)N U(PO-KEIME/NW| AI( DE\ PRW=TAI OU)SI/AI E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, O(/PER A)DU/NATON. TRI/TOS KANW/N: TA\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| W(S A)/LLO E)STI\N E)N A)/LLW|, TA\ DE\ KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU W(S O(/LON EI)S ME/RH: OI(=ON E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)STI\N TO\ LEUKO\N E)N SW/MATI, TOU=T' E)/STIN A)/LLO E)N A)/LLW|, KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU DE\ W(S O(/LON EI)S ME/RH, OI(=ON W(S LE/GOMEN TA\ GE/NH KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH TW=N A)TO/MWN KATHGOREI=SQAI. EI) OU)=N AI( DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI W(S O(/LON EI)S ME/RH KATHGOROU=NTAI TW=N PRW/TWN OU)SIW=N KAI\ OU)X W(S A)/LLO E)N A)/LLW|, DH=LON O(/TI KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU KAI\ OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)SI/N. TE/TARTOS KANW/N: TA\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| OU)DE/POTE SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=TAI, A)LL' H)\ O(MWNU/MWS H)\ E(TERWNU/MWS H)\ PARWNU/MWS: A)LLA\ MH\N AI( DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI TW=N PRW/TWN SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOROU=NTAI: DH=LON [2A)/RA]2 O(/TI OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)SI/N. PE/MPTOS KANW\N KAI\ TELEUTAI=OS: TA\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| H)\ E)NERGEI/A| E)STI\N XWRISTA\ H)\ TH=| E)PINOI/A|: E)NERGEI/A| ME\N W(S TA\ XWRISTA\ LE/GOMEN SUMBEBHKO/TA [2E)PINOI/A| DE\ W(S TA\ A)XW/RISTA SUMBEBHKO/TA]2. EI) OU)=N AI( DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI MH\ DU/NANTAI XWRISQH=NAI TW=N PRW/TWN MH/TE E)NERGEI/A| MH/TE E)PINOI/A|, DH=LON O(/TI OU)/K EI)SIN E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, W(S MHDE\ KAQ' E(/NA TRO/PON XWRIZO/MENAI, @1 A)LLA\ MA=LLON KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU AI( DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI LE/GOINTO A)\N DIKAI/WS. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PROKEIME/NHS QEWRI/AS EI)S E)CE/TASIN. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A IZ#.]2>20}1 {1<20*KOINO\N DE\ KATA\ PA/SHS OU)SI/AS TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*)/ACION ZHTH/SEWS O(/TI PW=S I)/DION OU)SI/AS PROQE/MENOS EI)PEI=N O( FILO/SOFOS EI)=PE <20KOINO/N.>20 KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI KAI\ KOINO/N E)STI KAI\ I)/DION: KOINO\N ME\N W(S PRO\S TA\ O(MOEIDH=, I)/DION DE\ W(S PRO\S TA\ E(TEROEIDH=: OI(=ON TO\ [TI\] GELASTIKO\N KOINO\N ME/N E)STIN PA/NTWN A)NQRW/PWN, I)/DION DE/ E)STI TOU= A)NQRW/POU W(S PRO\S I(/PPON KAI\ BOU=N. {1<20*OU)K I)/DION DE\ OU)SI/AS TOU=TO, A)LLA\ KAI\ H( DIAFORA\ TW=N MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)STI/: TO\ GA\R PEZO\N KAI\ TO\ DI/POUN KAQ' U(POKEI-ME/NOU ME\N LE/GETAI TOU= A)NQRW/POU, E)N U(POKEIME/NW| DE\ OU)K E)/STIN.>20}1 @*)APODOU\S H(MI=N O( FILO/SOFOS TO\ I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS KAI\ DEI/CAS W(S PA/SH| A(RMO/TTEI, OU)K A)RKEI=TAI TW=| PA/SH| U(PA/RXEIN [1OU)DE\ GA\R TOU=TO KAI\ MO/NON E)/XEI TA\ I)/DIA, A)LLA\ BOU/LETAI MH\ MO/NON PANTI\ U(PA/RXEIN, A)LLA\ KAI\ MO/NW| E)KEI/NW| OU(= E)/STIN I)/DION]1, [2A)LLA\]2 DIA\ TW=N PARO/NTWN ZHTEI= EI) MO/NH| TH=| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEI TOU=TO, FHMI\ DH\ TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI: E)K TOU/TOU GA\R MA=LLON XARAKTHRI/SEI TO\ I)/DION H)/PER E)K TOU= PA/SH| U(PA/RXEIN. E)NTAU=QA TOI/NUN FHSI\N W(S OU)K E)/STI TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS, DIO/TI KAI\ TAI=S DIAFORAI=S E)FAR-MO/TTEI: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ AI( DIAFORAI\ OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)SI/N. A)LL' E)K TOU/TOU EU)QU\S A)PORI/A TIS A)NAKU/PTEI H( LE/GOUSA: TI/ FH/|S, W)= *)ARISTO/TELES; OU)K OI)/EI TA\S DIAFORA\S OU)SI/AS EI)=NAI, E)PEIDH\ LE/GEIS MH\ MO/NH| TH=| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEIN I)/DION TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI A)LLA\ KAI\ TAI=S DIAFORAI=S, W(S TW=N DIAFORW=N DHLONO/TI MH\ OU)SW=N OU)SIW=N; OU)KOU=N SUNELO/NTA FA/NAI AI( DIAFORAI\ H)\ OU)SI/AI EI)SI\N H)\ OU)/K EI)SIN OU)SI/AI. EI) ME\N OU)=N OU)SI/AI TETUXH/KASIN OU)=SAI, TI/S H( XREI/A TH=S TOIAU/THS A)NTIDIASTOLH=S; EI) DE\ OU)K OU)SI/AI, E)PEIDH\ O(RW=MEN TA\S TOIAU/TAS DIAFORA\S ME/RH TW=N OU)SIW=N OU)/SAS, EU(REQH/SETAI H( OU)SI/A OU)K E)C OU)SIW=N A)LL' E)K SUMBEBHKO/TWN SUGKEIME/NH, O(/PER A)DU/NATON. A)LL' E)REI= I)/SWS PRO\S H(MA=S TOU\S TA\ TOIAU=TA A)POROU=NTAS O( FILO/SOFOS O(/TI DUNATO\N TA\S DIA-ÈFORA\S KAI\ OU)SI/AS U(PA/RXEIN KAI\ MH\ EI)=NAI OU)SI/AS: OU)SI/AS ME\N GA\R LE/GOMEN TAU/TAS, DIO/TI A(PLAI= OU)SI/AI EI)SI/N, OU)K OU)SI/AI DE/, DIO/TI OU)/K EI)SIN SU/NQETOI, PERI\ W(=N H( PAROU=SA PRAGMATEI/A ZHTEI=. O(/QEN KAI\ AU)TO\S DEDIW\S MH/ TIS U(POLA/BOI TA\S DIAFORA\S SUMBEBHKO/TA U(PA/RXEIN, PROANASTE/LLEI TH\N KAT' AU)TOU= FEROME/NHN A)PORI/AN, DEIKNU\S W(S AI( DIAFORAI\ OU)/K EI)SI SUMBEBHKO/TA, A)LL' OU)SI/AI, DIA\ TO\ DEI=CAI O(/TI TA\ ME/RH TW=N OU)SIW=N OU)SI/AI EI)SI/N. @1 @*META\ GOU=N TO\ PRW=TON I)/DION E)PI\ TO\ DEU/TERON I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS META-BAI/NEI LOIPO\N O( FILO/SOFOS, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI. O(/QEN ZHTHTE/ON EI) O(/LWS I)/DIO/N E)STI TOU=TO. LE/GW TOI/NUN O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN I)/DION, E)PEIDH\ E)KPE/FEUGE TA\ PROSO/NTA TW=| I)DI/W|: PRO/SESTI GA\R TW=| I)DI/W|, W(S POLLA/KIS EI)RH/KAMEN, TO\ PANTI\ U(PA/RXEIN KAI\ MO/NW|. TOU/TW| [2D']2 OU) PRO/SESTI TAU=TA: OU)/TE GA\R PA/SH| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEI TO\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI OU)/TE MH\N MO/NH|. O(/TI ME\N OU)=N PA/SH| OU)X U(PA/RXEI, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: EI) GA\R TA\S A)TO/MOUS KAI\ PRW/TAS OU)SI/AS OU)/ FAMEN KATHGOREI=SQAI TH\N A)RXH/N, PW=S A)\N SUNWNU/MWS KATHGO-REI=SQAI TAU=TA/ FAMEN, O(/POU GE MHDE\ KATHGOROU=NTAI TO\ SU/NOLON, W(S EI)RH/-KAMEN; OU)/TE DE\ MO/NH| U(PA/RXEI, DIO/TI KAI\ E)N SUMBEBHKO/SI E)STI\ TO\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI. E)/TI ME/NTOI GE KAI\ TAI=S DIAFORAI=S U(PA/RXEI TO\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI. EI) DE\ KAI\ TAI=S DIAFORAI=S KAI\ TOI=S SUMBEBHKO/SI, DH=LON O(/TI OU)K E)/STI I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS. A)LL' E)NTEU=QEN E(TE/RA TIS H(MI=N A)NAKU/PTEI A)PORI/A, O(/TI PW=S LE/GETAI SUNWNU/MWS H( DIAFORA\ KATHGOREI=SQAI U(PO\ TOU= FILOSO/FOU, DEDEIGME/NOU AU)TW=| O(/TI OU) KATHGOROU=NTAI TW=N EI)DW=N, O(/TE E)LE/GOMEN MH\ DU/NASQAI TH\N LOGIKO/THTA KATHGORHQH=NAI TOU= A)NQRW/POU. PRO\S TAU/THN TH\N A)PORI/AN FAME\N O(/TI TO\ SUNW/NUMON DITTO/N, W(S E)N TH=| A)RXH=| MEMAQH/KAMEN: H)\ TO\ META-DIDOU=N O)NO/MATOS KAI\ LO/GOU H)\ TO\ SUMBALLO/MENON PRO\S TO\ EI)=NAI, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ A)NAPLHROU=N TH\N OU)SI/AN TINO/S. OU(/TW KAI\ TH\N YUXH\N TOU= E)MYU/XOU KATH-GOREI=SQAI SUNWNU/MWS FAME/N. A)=RA MH\ DIO/TI TOU= AU)TOU= O)NO/MATOS METE/XEI KAI\ TOU= LO/GOU; OU)DAMW=S: OU)/TE GA\R TO\ E)/MYUXON YUXH\N A)\N KALE/SAIME/N POTE, A)LL' OU)DE\ MH\N TO\N O(RISMO\N TH=S YUXH=S E)PIDE/CAITO. A)LLA\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN TH\N YUXH\N TOU= E)MYU/XOU SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI/ FAMEN, O(/TI SUMBA/LLETAI TW=| E)MYU/XW| PRO\S TO\ EI)=NAI KAI\ A)NAPLHROI= TOU/TOU TH\N OU)SI/AN: YUXH=S GA\R MH\ OU)/SHS, PW=S A)\N E)/MYUXON EI)=NAI/ FAMEN; KATA\ TOU=TO TOI/NUN TO\ SHMAINO/-MENON KAI\ TA\S DIAFORA\S SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI/ FAMEN, OU)X O(/TI META-DIDO/ASIN O)NO/MATOS KAI\ LO/GOU, A)LL' O(/TI SUMBA/LLONTAI PRO\S TO\ EI)=NAI KAI\ TH\N OU)SI/AN A)NAPLHROU=SIN TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU. @*META\ TAU=TA LOIPO\N E)PI\ TRI/TON I)/DION METABAI/NEI TH=S OU)SI/AS O( FILO/SOFOS KAI/ FHSIN O(/TI I)/DIO/N E)STIN TH=S OU)SI/AS TO\ <20TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEIN:>20 TO\ ME\N GA\R <20TO/DE>20 E)PI\ MERIKOU= EI)/LHFEN, TO\ DE\ <20TI/>20 E)PI\ PA/SHS OU)SI/AS: I)/SMEN GA\R O(/TI TO\ TI/ OU)SI/AS E)STI\N PRO/SRHMA KAI\ O(/TI PA/NTA TA\ OU)SIWDW=S KATHGOROU/MENA E)N TW=| TI/ E)STI KATHGOREI=TAI. I(/NA OU)=N PA/SH| OU)SI/A| E)FARMO/SH|, EI)/LHFEN TO\ TO/DE TI. A)LLA\ DIAFWNOU=SIN E)NTAU=QA OI( KORUFAI=OI TW=N FILOSO/FWN, *)ARISTOTE/LHS KAI\ *PLA/TWN: O( ME\N GA\R *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\ TO/DE TI E)PI\ MERIKOU= PRA/GMATOS E)PI-FE/REI, TO\ DE\ TOIO/NDE E)PI\ TOU= KAQO/LOU: DU/O GA\R TAU=TA/ E)STIN PARAKEI/MENA TO\ TO/DE KAI\ TO\ TOIO/NDE. O( DE\ *PLA/TWN OU)X W(S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\ TO/DE MERIKW=S E)PIFE/REI KAI\ TO\ TOIO/NDE KAQO/LOU, A)LLA\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN. OU)KOU=N I(/NA MH\ H(MEI=S PARI/DWMEN TOU\S KORUFAI/OUS TW=N FILOSO/FWN DIAFWNOU=NTAS KAI\ KINDUNEU/SH| STH=NAI TA\ TH=S FILOSOFI/AS, FE/RE DIAITH/SWMEN AU)TOU/S. I)STE/ON @1 OU)=N O(/TI OU)DE/TEROS AU)TW=N DIAMARTA/NEI TH=S A)LHQEI/AS: DUNATO\N GA\R E)PI\ E(KA/STHS OU)SI/AS, E)PI/ TE TH=S MERIKH=S KAI\ TH=S KAQO/LOU, TA\ DU/O PARALAM-BA/NESQAI: EI) GA\R KAI\ TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A| DEI/COMEN A(RMO/ZON TO\ TO/DE TI KAI\ TO\ TOIO/NDE KAI\ TH=| KAQO/LOU TO\ TO/DE TI KAI\ TOIO/NDE, DH=LON W(S E(KA/TEROI SUM-FWNOU=SIN: TH=| ME\N GA\R KAQO/LOU OU)SI/A| A(RMO/TTEI TO\ TO/DE TI W(S A)IDI/W| U(PARXOU/SH| KAI\ A)EI\ W(SAU/TWS E)XOU/SH|. TO\ DE\ TOIO/NDE TAU/TH| A(RMO/TTEI, O(/TI PLH/QOUS E)STI\ PERI-EKTIKH/. PA/LIN DE\ TH=| MERIKH=| OU)SI/A| TO\ TO/DE TI A(RMO/ZEI W(S MIA=| OU)/SH| TW=| A)RIQMW=|, TO\ DE\ TOIO/NDE W(S POIKI/LAS E)XOU/SH| METABOLA/S. DE/DEIKTAI TOI/NUN W(S TOU= ME\N *PLA/TWNOS E)PIFE/RONTOS TOI=S MERIKOI=S TO\ TOIO/NDE TOI=S DE\ KAQO/LOU TO\ TO/DE, *)ARISTOTE/LOUS DE\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN TOI=S ME\N MERIKOI=S TO\ TO/DE TOI=S [2DE\]2 KAQO/LOU TO\ TOIO/NDE, OU) DIAFWNOU=SIN A)LLA\ MA=LLON SUMFWNOU=SIN: E)N GA\R TAI=S A)MFOTE/RAIS OU)SI/AIS A)MFOTE/RAS LAMBA/NOMEN TA\S PROSHGORI/AS. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TA\ PRA/GMATA SHMAI/NONTAI AI( DE\ FWNAI\ SHMAI/NOUSIN, W(S I)/SMEN, ZHTH/SWMEN PW=S *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)NTAU=QA TH\N OU)SI/AN LE/GEI SHMAI/NEIN KAI/TOI PRA=GMA U(PA/R-XOUSAN. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI POLLA/KIS EI)RH/KAMEN O(/TI E)NTAU=QA PERI\ PRAGMA/TWN DIALEGO/MEQA OU)X O(/TI PRA/GMATA A)LL' W(S U(PO\ FWNW=N SHMAINO-ME/NWN, KAI\ PERI\ FWNW=N OU)X O(/TI FWNAI\ A)LL' W(S PRA/GMATA SHMAINOUSW=N. E)NDE/XETAI DE\ KAI\ TA\S FWNA\S A)NADE/CASQAI TA\ TW=N PRAGMA/TWN W(S DIA\ TH\N PRO\S A)/LLHLA SXE/SIN KAI\ TA\ PRA/GMATA O(MOI/WS TA\ TW=N FWNW=N: DIO/TI ME\N GA\R AI( FWNAI\ TA\ TW=N PRAGMA/TWN A)NADE/XONTAI, E)ROU=MEN O(/TI *SWKRA/THS TRE/XEI, OU)X W(S TH=S FWNH=S TH=S TRISULLA/BOU TREXOU/SHS, A)LL' W(S TOU= PRA/G-MATOS TOU= SHMAINOME/NOU U(PO\ TH=S FWNH=S, TOU=T' E)/STI TH=S OU)SI/AS *SWKRA/TOUS. E)/STI DE\ O(/TI KAI\ TA\ PRA/GMATA [2TA\]2 TW=N FWNW=N A)NADE/XONTAI, W(/SPER E)NTAU=QA/ FHSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH\N OU)SI/AN SHMAI/NEIN, OU)X W(S AU)TOU= TOU= PRA/GMATOS SHMAI/NONTOS, A)LLA\ TH\N O)NOMASI/AN DHLONO/TI TOU= PRA/GMATOS AU)TH=S TH=S OU)SI/AS SHMAINOU/SHS. A)=RA OU)=N DEXO/MEQA TOU=TO W(S I)/DION, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ TO/DE TI; FAME\N O(/TI OU)/: MO/NH| ME\N GA\R U(PA/RXEI, OU) PA/SH| DE/, DIO/TI KATA\ *)ARISTOTE/LH TAI=S KAQO/LOU OU)SI/AIS OU)X U(PA/RXEI: OU)/TE GA\R AU)TO\ KAQ' E(AUTO\ TO\ TO/DE PARALAMBANO/MENON I)/DION, A)LL' OU)DE\ TA\ PROEIRHME/NA E(/TERA DU/O. A)LLA\ SUM-MI/CANTES TO\ DEU/TERON KAI\ TO\ TRI/TON, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI KAI\ TO\ TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEIN, W(S I)/DION A)PODW/SOMEN TH=S OU)SI/AS, LE/GONTES O(/TI I)/DIO/N E)STI TH=S OU)SI/AS TO\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI TW=N TO/DE TI SHMAINO/NTWN. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA TA\ DU/O DIORQW/SEWS TETU/XHKEN, A)=RA KAI\ TW=| PRW/TW| E)/XOMEN E)PIQEI=NAI DIO/RQWSIN H)\ OU)/, A)LLA\ A)DIO/RQWTON AU)TO\ KATALEI/POMEN, LE/GW DH\ TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI; LE/GOMEN TOI/NUN O(/TI TOU=TO EI)/LHPTAI, OU)X I(/NA MA/QWMEN DI' AU)TOU= TI/ [2E)/STIN, A)LLA\ TI/]2 OU)K E)/STI. @*KAI\ E)PEIDH\ TOU=TO KALW=S H(MI=N DIH/RQRWTAI, FE/RE KATA\ TO\ SUNEXE\S BADI/ZONTES XWRH/SWMEN E)PI\ TH\N TA/CIN TW=N I)DI/WN, ZHTOU=NTES PW=S KAI\ POI/A| TA/CEI KEXRHME/NOS TAU=TA PARADE/DWKEN O( FILO/SOFOS. PRW=TON TOI/NUN EI)=PEN TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI. EI)KO/TWS: E)PEIDH\ GA\R TO\N O(RISMO\N A)PODOU\S TH=S OU)SI/AS E)N E)KEI/NW| E)MNH/SQH TOU/TOU TOU= I)DI/OU, I(/NA MH\ E)PI\ POLU\ A)NHKO/OUS @1 H(MA=S TOU/TOU KATALEI/PH|, DI/KAION W)|H/QH TOU= MNHMONEUQE/NTOS POIH/SASQAI TH\N DIDASKALI/AN PARAXRH=MA, I(/NA E)K GNWRIMWTE/RWN O)FQEI/H E)K QURW=N O( LO/GOS O( PERI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS. META\ DE\ TOU=TO DEU/TERON I)/DION E)DI/DACEN TO\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI, TO\ SUGGENE\S U(PA/RXON TW=| PRW/TW|: TA\ DU/O GA\R DIA\ TH\N AU)TH\N AI)TI/AN OU) DEXO/MEQA, DIO/TI MH\ MO/NAIS U(PA/RXOUSI TAI=S OU)SI/AIS A)LLA\ KAI\ TAI=S DIAFORAI=S. LOIPW=N OU)=N TESSA/RWN O)/NTWN I)DI/WN, E(NO\S ME\N TOU= TO/DE TI, E(TE/RWN DE\ TRIW=N MELLO/NTWN LE/GESQAI, TW=N TRIW=N TOU=TO PROE/TACEN EI)KO/TWS E)KEI=NA ME\N GA\R A)PO\ TW=N PRAGMA/TWN PAREI/LHPTAI, TOU=TO DE\ A)PO\ TOU= O)NO/MATOS. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N SAFE/STERA TA\ A)PO\ TOU= O)NO/MATOS H)/PER TA\ A)PO\ TW=N PRAGMA/TWN, TOU/TOU ƈXA/RIN E)N TH=| DIDASKALI/A| TA\ SAFE/STERA TW=N MH\ OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN PROE/TACE. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A IH#.]2>20}1 {1<20*OU)K I)/DION DE\ OU)SI/A| TOU=TO, A)LLA\ KAI\ H( DIAFORA/,>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*)APODOU\S H(MI=N O( FILO/SOFOS TO\ I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS, TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI, KAI\ DEI/CAS W(S PA/SH| OU)SI/A| A(RMO/TTEI, E)PEIDH\ TO\ I)/DION BOU/LETAI MH\ MO/NON PANTI\ E)FARMO/ZEIN, A)LLA\ KAI\ MO/NW| E)KEI/NW| OU(= E)STIN I)/DION, E)C OU(= KAI\ MA=LLON XARAKTHRI/ZETAI, DEI/KNUSIN W(S TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| PA/SH| ME\N OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEI, OU) MO/NH| DE/: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ AI( DIAFORAI\ TW=N MH\ E)N U(PO-KEIME/NW| EI)SI/N. {1<20*TO\ GA\R PEZO\N KAI\ TO\ DI/POUN,>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*PROSQETE/ON E)NTAU=QA "3TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW|"3: TO\ ME\N GA\R O(/LWS EI)PEI=N O(/TI TO\ DI/POUN OU)K E)/STIN E)N TW=| A)NQRW/PW| A)DU/NATON: E)N TOU/TW| GA\R E)/STIN, OU)K E)N U(POKEIME/NW| ME/N, A)LL' W(S KAQ' U(POKEIME/NOU TOU/TOU KATHGOROU/MENON. {1<20*MH\ TARATTE/TW DE\ H(MA=S TA\ ME/RH TW=N OU)SIW=N>20 E(/WS TOU= <20TA\ W(S ME/RH U(PA/RXONTA E)/N TINI.>20}1 @*(\O E)LE/GOMEN E)N TH=| QEWRI/A|, [O(/TI] TA\S DIAFORA\S A)NTIDIE/STEILEN TAI=S OU)SI/AIS MH\ OU)SI/AS U(PARXOU/SAS. E)PEI\ OU)=N AI( DIAFORAI\ ME/RH TW=N OU)SIW=N EI)SI, DEDIW\S MH/ TIS TA\S DIAFORA\S U(POPTEU/SH| MH\ EI)=NAI OU)SI/AS, NU=N BOU/LETAI DEI=CAI O(/TI TA\ ME/RH TW=N OU)SIW=N OU)SI/AI EI)SI/N. OU)K AU)TO/QEN DE\ PERI\ TOU/TOU DIA-LE/GETAI, A)LLA\ PRW=TON A)PORI/AN TI/QHSI/N TINA, DEIKNU\S O(/TI AI( DIAFORAI/, EI) KAI\ ME/RH EI)SI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS KAI\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)SI\ TOI=S O(/LOIS, OU)/K EI)SI SUMBEBH-KO/TA. H( DE\ A)PORI/A TOIAU/TH E)STI/N: EI) TA\ ME/RH TW=N OU)SIW=N E)N U(POKEIME/NW| @1 EI)SI\ TOI=S O(/LOIS, TA\ DE\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| SUMBEBHKO/TA, TA\ A)/RA ME/RH TW=N OU)SIW=N SUMBEBHKO/TA E)SI/N. H( LU/SIS DITTH/: PRW/TH ME\N O(/TI TO\ E)/N TINI POLLAXW=S LE/GETAI: PA=N ME\N GA\R SUMBEBHKO\S E)/N TINI, OU) PA=N DE\ E)/N TINI SUMBEBHKO/S. [2DEUTE/RA DE\]2 O(/TI O( O(RISMO\S TW=N SUMBEBHKO/TWN OU)X W(S ME/ROS E)BOU/LETO TO\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU, E)NTAU=QA DE\ AU)TO/XRHMA TA\ ME/RH TH=S OU)SI/AS EI)LH/FAMEN: O( GA\R LO/GOS PERI\ TOU= W(S O(/LOU EI)S ME/RH KATHGOROUME/NOU E)STI/N. {1<20*(UPA/RXEI DE\ TAI=S OU)SI/AIS KAI\ TAI=S DIAFORAI=S TO\ PA/NTA SUNWNU/MWS A)P' AU)TW=N LE/GESQAI.>20}1 @*)ELE/GOMEN O(/TI TO\ I)/DION BOU/LETAI KAI\ MO/NW| KAI\ PANTI\ E)FARMO/ZEIN. TO\ ME\N OU)=N I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS, O(/PER A)PODE/DWKEN O( FILO/SOFOS, TOU=TO/ E)STI TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW|, PA/SH| ME\N U(PA/RXEI TH=| OU)SI/A|, OU) ME/NTOI GE MO/NH|. BOU/LETAI DE\ TO\ I)/DION XARAKTHRI/ZESQAI E)K TOU= MO/NW| U(PA/RXEIN, H)/PER E)K TOU= PANTI/: TO\ ME\N GA\R PA=SIN U(PA/RXON KOINO/N E)STIN MA=LLON H)\ I)/DION, TO\ DE\ MO/NW| I)/DION MA=LLON H)/PER KOINO/N. 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KAI\ E)PEIDH\ EU(RI/SKEI TOU=TO MH/TE PA/SAIS A(RMO/TTON MH/TE MO/NAIS, OU)/TE KOINO\N AU)TO\ LE/GEI OU)/TE I)/DION, A)LLA\ MO/NON FHSI\N <20U(PA/RXEI DE\ TAI=S OU)SI/AIS.>20 E)C AU)TW=N DE\ TW=N QURW=N E)KA/KISEN TOU=TO, PROSQEI\S TO\N <20KAI/>20 SU/NDESMON: O( GA\R KAI/ E)NANTI/OS E)STI\ TH=| TOU= I)DI/OU FU/SEI: EI) GA\R I)/DION, OU)KE/TI KAI\ A)/LLOIS A(RMO/SEI, EI) DE\ A)/LLOIS A(RMO/ZEI, KAI\ KOINO/N E)STIN. {1<20*PA=SA DE\ OU)SI/A DOKEI= TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEIN>20 E(/WS TOU= <20KAI\ E(\N A)RIQMW=| TO\ DHLOU/MENON.>20}1 @*META\ TO\ DEU/TERON I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS E)PI\ TO\ TRI/TON I)/DION METE/RXETAI KAI/ FHSIN I)/DION EI)=NAI TH=S OU)SI/AS TO\ TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEIN. KAI\ TI/ ME\N A)NTI/KEITAI TW=| TO/DE TI KAI\ PW=S DOKOU=SI DIAFWNEI=N *PLA/TWN TE KAI\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS, DIECH/L-QAMEN E)N TH=| QEWRI/A|. O(\ DE\ E)P' AU)TH=S TH=S A)LHQEI/AS BOU/LETAI SHMA=NAI, TOIOU=TO/N E)STIN: FHSI\N O(/TI PA=SA OU)SI/A TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEI. KAI\ O(/TI ME\N MO/NH| TH=| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEI, PRO/DHLON. KATA\ DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LH OU) PA/SAIS: E)PI\ GA\R TW=N MERIKW=N KAI\ MO/NON TO\ TO/DE TI LE/GEI, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N KAQO/LOU, A)LLA\ POIO/N TI. EI)KO/TWS DE\ TO/DE TI [2TH=|]2 MERIKH=| KAI\ MO/NH| OU)SI/A| A(RMO/TTEI: TO\ ME\N GA\R TO/DE MERIKOU= W(RISME/NOU E)STI\ DHLWTIKO/N, TO\ DE\ TI/, W(S H)/DH POLLA/KIS @1 EI)RH/KAMEN, OU)SI/AS E)STI\N PRO/SRHMA. BOU/LETAI GOU=N EI)PEI=N O(/TI PA=SA OU)SI/A TO\ TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEI. KAI\ O(/TI ME\N H( MERIKH\ OU)SI/A TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEI, A)NAM-FISBH/THTO/N E)STI KAI\ A)LHQE/S, W(S E)DEI/CAMEN. AI( DE\ DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI OU) TO/DE TI SHMAI/NOUSIN, A)LLA\ TO\ POIO/N TI: FHSI\N GA\R O(/TI EI) KAI\ TW=| O)NO/MATI FAI/NONTAI TO\ TO/DE TI SHMAI/NOUSAI, A)LL' OU)=N OU)K E)/STIN A)LHQE/S, DIO/TI MH\ KAI\ TW=| SHMAINOME/NW| TA\ AU)TA\ DHLOU=SI: TAU/TAS GA\R O)NOMA/ZOMEN E(NIKH=| KEXRH-ME/NOI TH=| FWNH=|, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ TW=| SHMAINOME/NW| E(/N EI)SI, DIO/TI PLH/QOUS EI)SI\N PERIEKTIKAI/. SKO/PEI DE\ PW=S TEXNIKW=S O( FILO/SOFOS W)\N KAI\ A)KRIBH\S PROSE/QHKEN TO\ <20DOKEI=:>20 EI)PW\N GA\R O(/TI PA/SH| OU)SI/A| A(RMO/TTEI TO\ TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEIN, W(S AU)TO\S E(AUTOU= LAMBANO/MENOS E)PH/GAGEN TO\ DOKEI=, TOU=T' E)/STI KAI\ TAI=S PRW/TAIS A(RMO/TTEI TO\ TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEIN KAI\ TAI=S DEUTE/RAIS: <20DOKEI=>20 DE\ EI)=PEN, DIO/TI TH=| FWNH=| MO/NH| TW=N DEUTE/RWN OU)SIW=N A(RMO/TTEI, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ TW=| SHMAINOME/NW|. {1<20*OU)X A(PLW=S DE\ POIO/N TI SHMAI/NEI, W(/SPER TO\ LEUKO/N.>20}1 @*EI)RHKW\S O( FILO/SOFOS O(/TI AI( ME\N MERIKAI\ OU)SI/AI TO\ TO/DE TI SHMAI/-NOUSIN, AI( DE\ DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI OU)KE/TI TO\ TO/DE TI A)LLA\ POIO/N TI, E)PEIDH\ POIO/N TI/ E)STIN E)N TOI=S SUMBEBHKO/SIN, E)PH/GAGEN LE/GWN O(/TI OU)X A(PLW=S POIO/N TI SHMAI/NOUSIN AI( DEU/TERAI OU)SI/AI, A)LLA\ TO\ E)N OU)SI/AIS POIO/N: E)N ME\N GA\R TOI=S SUMBEBHKO/SIN E(\N POIO\N DHLOI= TO\ SUMBEBHKO/S, E)N DE\ TAI=S OU)SI/AIS OU)KE/TI MI/A OU)SI/A U(PO\ TOU= POIOU= DHLOU=TAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ EI)DIKH\ OU)SI/A KAI\ GENIKH/, KAI\ EI)DIKH\ ME\N H( TOU= EI)/DOUS GENIKH\ DE\ H( TOU= GE/NOUS. E)PIFE/REI DE\ LE/GWN O(/TI A)NWTE/RW OU(=TOS O( EI)RHME/NOS O(RISMO\S MA=LLON TOI=S GE/NESIN A(RMO/ZEI H)/PER TOI=S EI)/DESIN, TOU=T' E)/STIN O( TAU=TA LE/GWN O(/TI AI( DEU/TERAI EI) KAI\ FWNH=| TO\ TO/DE TI SHMAI/NOUSIN, A)LL' OU)=N PLH/QOUS EI)SI\N PERIEKTIKAI\ KAI\ OU)KE/TI [2E(\N]2 SHMAI/-NOUSIN. PRO/DHLON DE\ O(/TI TO\ GE/NOS, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ ZW=|ON, PLH/QOUS E)STI\N PERIEKTIKO\N H)/PER TO\ EI)=DOS. {1<20*(UPA/RXEI DE\ TAI=S OU)SI/AIS KAI\ TO\ MHDE\N AU)TAI=S EI)=NAI E)NAN-TI/ON: TH=| GA\R PRW/TH| OU)SI/A| TI/ A)\N EI)/H E)NANTI/ON; OI(=ON TW=| TINI\ A)NQRW/PW| OU)DE/N E)STIN E)NANTI/ON. OU)DE\ TW=| A)NQRW/PW| H)\ TW=| ZW/|W| OU)DE/N E)STIN E)NANTI/ON.>20}1 @*META\ TH\N DIDASKALI/AN TW=N PRW/TWN I)DI/WN, A(/PER H)=N TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEI-ME/NW|, TO\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI, TO\ TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEIN, METABE/BHKE LOIPO\N O( FILO/SOFOS E)PI\ TA\ E(/TERA I)/DIA TH=S OU)SI/AS, TRI/A KAI\ AU)TA\ U(PA/RXONTA TO\N A)RIQMO/N, TO/ TE MH\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON KAI\ TO\ MH\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON @1 KAI\ H(=TTON, TO\ E(\N KAI\ TAU)TO\ TW=| A)RIQMW=| TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKO/N. TAU=TA DE\ E)/XOUSI/ TINA SUGGE/NEIAN PRO\S A)/LLHLA. TO\ ME\N TE/TARTON TW=| E(/KTW|, DIO/TI E)N TOI=S A)MFOTE/ROIS MNH/MH E)STI\ TW=N E)NANTI/WN, TO\ DE\ PE/MPTON, DIO/TI E)/XEI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON: O(/POU DE\ TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON, E)KEI= KAI\ TA\ E)NANTI/A, O(/POU DE\ TA\ E)NAN-TI/A, E)KEI= KAI\ TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON, KAI\ O(/POU E(/TERON, E)NTAU=QA KAI\ TO\ E(/TERON A)PE/STH. O(/TI DE\ POLLH\N SUGGE/NEIAN E)/XEI TO\ PE/MPTON PRO\S TA\ A)/LLA, DHLOI= O( ɇ*)ARISTOTE/LHS, TO\ ME\N TE/TARTON I)/DION E)PIKRI/NAS KAI\ EI)PW\N A)KRIBW=S MH\ EI)=NAI TOU=TO I)/DION, TO\ DE\ PE/MPTON MH/TE E)PIKRI/NAS MH/TE POIHSA/MENAS LO/GON TOU/TOU W(S SUNNOOUME/NOU TW=| TETA/RTW|: DH=LON O(/TI KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N TO\ ME\N MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON O(DOI/ EI)SIN E)PI\ TA\ E)NANTI/A, TA\ DE\ E)NANTI/A PE/RATA, SUGGENW=S DE\ E)/XEI TA\ PE/RATA TAI=S O(DOI=S. H)\ OU)=N DIA\ TOU=TO OU)K E)PE/KRINE TO\ PE/MPTON I)/DION O( FILO/SOFOS, H)\ O(/TI POLLH=S EU)FHMI/AS TO\ E(/KTON A)CIW/SAS E)KA/KISEN DHLON-O/TI TO\ PE/MPTON. OU) MA/XETAI DE\ TO\ TE/TARTON TW=| E(/KTW|, EI)/ GE TO\ ME\N TE/TARTON LE/GEI MH\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/A TH\N OU)SI/AN, TO\ DE\ E(/KTON E)PIDE/XESQAI TA\ E)NANTI/A: A)/LLO GA/R E)STI TO\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/A KAI\ A)/LLO TO\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TA\ E)NANTI/A. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N KOINH=| PERI\ TW=N TRIW=N I)DI/WN. FE/RE DE\ E(\N E(/KASTON AU)TW=N E)CETA/SWMEN. @*TE/TARTON I)/DION TOI/NUN FHSI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS TO\ MH\ E)/XEIN TI E)NANTI/ON. E)PEIDH\ DE\ TO\ I)/DION, W(S POLLA/KIS EI)RH/KAMEN, KAI\ PANTI\ BOU/LETAI A(RMO/TTEIN KAI\ MO/NW|, BOU/LONTAI/ TINES MH\ PA/SH| TH=| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEIN TOU=TO I)/DION, A)LLA\ PROS-FE/ROUSIN H(MI=N DU/O TINA\S A)PORI/AS, W(=N H( PRW/TH TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: E)N TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S, FASI/N, AU)TO\S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS EI)=PE TO\ PU=R TW=| U(/DATI E)NANTI/ON EI)=NAI KAI\ TO\N A)E/RA TH=| GH=|, KAI/TOI GE TAU=TA OU)SI/AI EI)SI/N: PW=S OU)=N LE/GEI TH=| OU)SI/A| MHDE\N E)NANTI/ON EI)=NAI; TAU/THN TH\N A)PORI/AN TRIXW=S E)PILUO/MEQA, PRW=TON ME\N LE/GONTES O(/TI TAU=TA OU)/K EI)SIN E)NANTI/A KAQ' E(AUTA/: OU)/TE GA\R KAQA\ SW/MATA/ EI)SIN E)NANTI/A OU)/TE KAQA\ U(/LH, E)PEI\ EU(REQH/SETAI AU)TO\ E(AUTOU= E)NANTI/ON, O(/PER A)DU/NATON. A)LL' E)NANTI/A TAU=TA LE/GOMEN EI)=NAI KATA\ TA\S POIO/THTAS KAI\ MO/NON. EI) DE\ AI( POIO/THTES W(S E)N SW/MASIN OU)=SAI SUMBEBHKO/TA EI)SI/N, OU)DE\N A)PEIKO\S E)N SUMBEBHKO/SI TH\N E)NAN-TI/WSIN EI)=NAI KAI\ OU)K E)N OU)SI/AIS. DEUTE/RA E)PI/LUSIS: TO\ QERMO\N TO\ E)N TW=| PURI\ KAI\ TO\ YUXRO\N TO\ E)N TW=| U(/DATI TI/ BOU/LESQE EI)=NAI, SUMBEBHKO\S H)\ OU)SI/AN; A)LL' EI) ME\N SUMBEBHKO/S, E)/XW TO\ ZHTOU/MENON, O(/TI OU)K E)N OU)SI/AIS H( E)NANTI/WSIS: H(MEI=S GA\R I)/DION A)PEDW/KAMEN TH=S OU)SI/AS TO\ MHDE\N E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON. EI) DE\ OU)SI/A E)STI/, DH=LON O(/TI A(PLH= E)STI W(S ME/ROS OU)=SA TOU= O(/LOU QERMOU=: EI) DE\ A(PLH= KAQE/STHKEN, H(MEI=S PERI\ TW=N A(PLW=N OU) DIALEGO/-MEQA OU)SIW=N E)NTAU=QA, A)LLA\ PERI\ TH=S SUNQE/TOU, DIO/TI KAI\ TA\S DIAFORA\S EI)RH/KAMEN E)NTAU=QA MH\ EI)=NAI OU)SI/AS. TRI/TH E)PI/LUSIS: EI) TO\ QERMO\N TO\ E)N TW=| PURI\ KAI\ TO\ YUXRO\N TO\ E)N TW=| U(/DATI E)NANTI/A EI)SI/N, E)PEIDH\ TA\ E)NANTI/A MA/XETAI PERI\ E(\N U(POKEI/MENON, I(/NA TO\ E(/TERON E)CWQH=SAN TO\ E(/TERON TO\ KOINO\N U(POKEI/MENON I)/DION POIH/SH|, EU(REQH/SETAI A)/RA TO\ YUXRO\N TO\ E)N TW=| U(/DATI @1 MAXO/MENON TW=| QERMW=| TW=| E)N TW=| PURI/, I(/NA TO\ U(POKEI/MENON TH=S QERMO/THTOS GE/NHTAI TH=S YUXRO/THTOS, O(/PER A)DU/NATON: OU)DE/POTE GA\R OU)DE\ TO\ PU=R H(=| PU=R E)N YUXRO/THTI QEWROU=MEN OU)DE\ TO\ U(/DWR H(=| U(/DWR E)N QERMO/THTI. @*DEUTE/RA A)PORI/A: TO\ LOGIKO\N KAI\ TO\ A)/LOGON KAI\ TO\ QNHTO\N KAI\ TO\ A)QA/NATON KAI\ TO\ SW=MA KAI\ TO\ A)SW/MATON E)NANTI/A EI)SI/, KAI/TOI GE OU)SI/AI O)/NTA: PW=S OU)=N FHSI TH=| OU)SI/A| MHDE\N EI)=NAI E)NANTI/ON; TAU/THS PA/LIN TH=S A)PORI/AS DU/O E)PILU/SEIS PROBALLO/MEQA, PRW=TON ME\N LE/GONTES O(/TI OU)/K EI)SIN E)NANTI/A: TA\ GA\R E)NANTI/A A)LLH/LWN EI)SI\ FQARTIKA/, TAU=TA DE\ OU) MO/NON O(/TI OU)/K EI)SIN A)LLH/LWN FQARTIKA/, A)LLA\ KAI\ SWSTIKA\ A)LLH/LWN EI)SI/: TO\ ME\N GA\R A)/LOGON U(PO\ TOU= LOGIKOU= SW/ZETAI, TO\ DE\ A)SW/MATON EI) ME\N XEI=RON EI)/H SW/MATOS, SW/ZETAI U(PO\ TOU/TOU W(S TA\ SUMBEBHKO/TA E)N TH=| OU)SI/A| O)/NTA, OI(=ON TO\ LEUKO\N TO\ E)N *SWKRA/TEI, EI) DE\ KREI=TTON EI)/H SW/MATOS, SW/ZEI, O(\N TRO/PON E)/XEI E)PI\ YUXH=S KAI\ SW/MATOS: AU(/TH GA\R KREI/TTWN OU)=SA TOU= SW/MATOS SW/ZEI. DHLOI= DE\ O( XWRISMO\S AU)TH=S DIALU/WN TO\ SW=MA EI)S TO\ MH\ O)/N, TO\ PH=|, MH\ H(=| DHLONO/TI. TA\ EI)RHME/NA A)/RA OU)/K EI)SIN E)NANTI/A. KAI\ A)/LLWS: EI) E)NANTI/A EI)SI/N, MEMAQH/KAMEN O(/TI AI( DIAFORAI\ A(PLAI= OU)SI/AI EI)SI/N: H(MI=N DE\ OU) PERI\ A(PLW=N OU)SIW=N, W(S POLLA/KIS EI)RH/KAMEN, E)STI\N O( LO/GOS. A)/LLWS TE KATA-SKEUA/SWMEN O(/TI H( OU)SI/A OU)K E)/XEI TA\ E)NANTI/A, LE/GONTES OU(/TWS: TA\ MAXO/-MENA PERI\ E(\N U(POKEI/MENON MA/XONTAI: TA\ PERI\ E(\N U(POKEI/MENON MAXO/MENA E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)SI/N: TA\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| O)/NTA OU)/K EI)SIN OU)SI/AI: TA\ MAXO/MENA A)/RA OU)/K EI)SIN OU)SI/AI. EI) DE\ TA\ E)NANTI/A MA/XONTAI, TA\ DE\ MAXO/MENA OU)K EI)SI\N OU)SI/AI, TA\ A)/RA E)NANTI/A OU)/K EI)SIN OU)SI/AI. O(/TI DE\ TA\ MAXO/MENA PERI\ U(/LHN MA/XONTAI, DH=LON: OU)DE/POTE GA\R OU)/TE E)N NW=| H( TOU/TWN MA/XH QEWREI=TAI OU)/TE E)N TH=| YUXH=| OU)/TE E)N TH=| FU/SEI: E)N ME\N GA\R TH=| YUXH=| SU/NESTIN A)LLH/-LOIS TA\ E)NANTI/A: SU/NESTIN GA\R O( LO/GOS TOU= LEUKOU= TW=| LO/GW| TOU= ME/LANOS. O(MOI/WS KAI\ H( FU/SIS BOULOME/NH O)FQALMO\N DHMIOURGH=SAI A(/MA PROBA/LLETAI LO/GON LEUKOU= KAI\ ME/LANOS. E)PEI\ OU)=N E)DEI/CAMEN MH/TE E)N NW=| MH/TE E)N YUXH=| MH/TE E)N FU/SEI O)/NTA TA\ MAXO/MENA, DH=LON O(/TI PERI\ U(/LHN MA/XONTAI. @*KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TOU= PA/SH| OU)SI/A| A(RMO/TTEIN TOU=TO TO\ I)/DION. ZHTH/SWMEN DE\ EI) MO/NH|: TOU=TO GA/R E)STI TO\ MA=LLON XARAKTHRISTIKO\N TOU= I)DI/OU. FAME\N OU)=N O(/TI OU) MO/NH| U(PA/RXEI TO\ MH\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/A, A)LLA\ KAI\ TOI=S EI)/DESI TOU= POSOU= TOU=TO I)/DIO/N E)STI. FASI\N OU)=N TINES O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN I)/DION TOU=TO TW=N EI)DW=N TOU= POSOU=: E)KEI=NA ME\N GA\R E)/XEI, FASI/, TA\ E)NANTI/A: E(PTA\ GA\R O)/NTWN TW=N EI)DW=N TOU= POSOU=, SW/MATOS, GRAMMH=S, E)PIFANEI/AS, XRO/NOU, TO/POU, LO/GOU, A)RIQMOU=, E(/KASTON TOU/TWN E)/XEI TA\ E)NANTI/A: TO\ ME\N SW=MA TO\ KOU=FON KAI\ TO\ BARU/, H( DE\ E)PIFA/NEIA TO\ TRAXU\ KAI\ TO\ LEI=ON KAI\ TO\ PLA/TOS KAI\ TO\ MH=KOS, H( DE\ GRAMMH\ E)/XEI TO\ EU)QU\ KAI\ TO\ KAMPU/LON, O( DE\ XRO/NOS TH\N H(ME/RAN KAI\ TH\N NU/KTA, TO\ QE/ROS KAI\ TO\N XEIMW=NA, O( DE\ TO/POS E)/XEI TO\ A)/NW KAI\ TO\ KA/TW, O( DE\ LO/GOS TO\ A)LHQE\S KAI\ TO\ YEU=DOS, O( DE\ A)RIQMO\S TO\ A)/RTION @1 KAI\ PERITTO/N. A)LLA\ PRO\S TOU/TOUS H(MEI=S FAMEN O(/TI TAU=TA OU)K E)/XEI E)NANTI/A, A)LLA\ MA=LLON E)PIDE/XONTAI TA\ E)NANTI/A: A)/LLO GA/R E)STI TO\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/A KAI\ A)/LLO TO\ E)PIDE/XESQAI. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N I(KANA\ PERI\ TOU/TOU TOU= I)DI/OU. @*PE/MPTON DE\ I)/DION E)PIFE/REI LE/GWN TH=S OU)SI/AS <20TO\ MH\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON.>20 A)LLA\ A)POROU=SIN H(MI=N EU)QE/WS LE/GONTES O(/TI KAI\ PW=S AU)TO/S FHSIN A)LLAXOU= O(/TI TO\ PU=R MA=LLON QERMO/N E)STI TOU= A)E/ROS. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI EI) KAI\ TO\ PU=R QERMO/TERON TOU= A)E/ROS, OU)X A(PLW=S KAQO\ PU=R KAI\ A)H/R [1KAI\ GA\R O( A)H\R A)/KRWS E)STI\ QERMO\S KATA\ TO\ PRE/PON AU)TW=|]1, A)LLA\ KAQO\ SW=MA A(PLOU=N E)PIDE/XETAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON H(=| GA\R QERMO/THS E)STI\N E)N TOI=S SW/MASI, SUMBE/BHKE [SUMBEBHKO/S E)STIN], W(S EI)RH/KAMEN. A)/LLWS SHMEIWTE/ON TOU= MH\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON TH\N OU)SI/AN O(/TI PA=N H(=TTON MA=LLON GIGNO/MENON OU) FQEI/REI TH\N OU)SI/AN, H(\ E)/XEI TO\ PRO/TERON, OI(=ON O( A)/NQRWPOS LEUKO\S W)\N EI) LEUKO/TEROS GE/NHTAI, OU)DE\N H(=TTON A)/NQRWPOS ME/NEI, TO\ DE\ E)N TW=| A)E/RI MA=LLON QERMO\N GIGNO/MENON KAI\ MEIOU/-MENON TO\ QERMO\N TO\ E)N TW=| PURI\ FQEI/REI TO\ U(POKEI/MENON, DHLONO/TI TO\N A)E/RA. DIO/TI EI)=PEN EI) PARAPLHSI/A GE/NHTAI H( QERMO/THS H( E)N TW=| A)E/RI TH=| E)N TW=| PURI/, OU)KE/TI ME/NEI A)H/R. KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN FQEI/RESQAI DOKEI= KAI\ MHKE/TI EI)=NAI, O(/PER H)=N PRO\ TOU= E)PIDE/CASQAI TO\ MA=LLON. DH=LON OU)=N E)NTEU=QEN O(/TI OU)K AU)TO\S O( A)H\R KAI\ TO\ PU=R E)PIDE/XETAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON, A)LLA\ TA\ SW/MATA TA\ U(POKEI/MENA TOU/TOIS. @*(/EKTON KAI\ TELEUTAI=AN I)/DION A)PODI/DWSIN O( FILO/SOFOS TH=S OU)SI/AS TO\ E(\N KAI\ TAU)TO\N TW=| A)RIQMW=| U(PA/RXON TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKO/N. A)NA/GKH DE\ ˈPA/LIN E)PI\ TOU/TOIS O(MOI/WS TA\ PAREPO/MENA TOI=S I)DI/OIS ZHTEI=N, TOU=T' E)/STIN EI) PA/SH| U(PA/RXEI KAI\ MO/NH| H)\ OU)/. A)LL' EU)QU\S A)POROU=SI/ TINES LE/GONTES O(/TI OU) PA/SH| U(PA/RXEI: TW=N GA\R DEUTE/RWN OU)SIW=N OU)K E)/STIN I)/DION, KAQO\ MH\ E(/N E)STI TW=| A)RIQMW=|. TAU/THN DE\ TH\N A)PORI/AN KAI\ TH\N TAU/THS E)PI/LUSIN E(TE/RA| QEWRI/A| FULA/CWMEN. E(/TEROI DE/ TINES A)POROU=SI LE/GONTES O(/TI OU)DE\ PA/SAIS TAI=S A)TO/MOIS OU)SI/AIS U(PA/RXEI: TO\ ME\N GA\R PU=R A)/TOMON O)\N OU)K A)\N TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)/H DEKTIKO/N: OU)DE/POTE GA\R TO\ PU=R KAQO\ PU=R E)PIDE/XETAI TH\N YUXRO/THTA. PRO\S TOU/TOUS FAME\N O(/TI OU)K EI)=PEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TW=N E)NAN-TI/WN DEKTIKO/N, I(/NA PA/SAS TA\S A)NTIQE/SEIS E)PIDE/XHTAI: MI/AN GA\R KAI\ MO/NHN A)NTI/QESIN E)PIDEXO/MENON TO\ I)/DION TH\N TOU= I)DI/OU FU/SIN A)NAPLHROI=: TO\ ME\N GA\R PU=R EI) KAI\ TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO\N OU)K E)PIDE/XETAI, A)LL' OU)=N E)PI-DE/XETAI TH\N E(TE/RAN A)NTI/QESIN, TH/N TE PARA\ FU/SIN KAI\ KATA\ FU/SIN, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW: TO\ ME\N GA\R PU=R KATA\ FU/SIN A)NWFERE/S E)STIN, PARA\ FU/SIN DE\ KATWFERE/S. OU(/TW KAI\ O( KU/KNOS EI) KAI\ TO\ ME/LAN OU)K E)PIDE/XETAI, A)LL' OU)=N YU/XETAI KAI\ QERMAI/NETAI KAI\ CHRAI/NETAI KAI\ U(GRAI/NETAI. O(/TI ME\N OU)=N PA/SH| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEI, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN. A)=RA DE\ KAI\ MO/NH|; EI)KO\S GA/R E)STIN U(PA/RXEIN TOU=TO TO\ I)/DION TOI=S PROSOU=SI ME\N EI)/DESI TOU= POSOU=: KA)KEI=NA @1 GA\R DEKTIKA\ TW=N E)NANTI/WN LE/GOMEN EI)=NAI. PERI\ ME\N OU)=N TOU= LO/GOU AU)TO/S TE A)PORH/SEI KAI\ E)PILU/SETAI PROI+W/N. PERI\ DE\ TOU= XRO/NOU FAME\N O(/TI OU)XI\ O( XRO/NOS TW=N E)NANTI/WN E)STI\ DEKTIKO/S, A)LLA\ MA=LLON O( A)H/R, TOI=OS H)\ TOI=OS U(PA/RXWN: FWTIZO/MENOS GA\R H(ME/RAN POIEI=, MH\ FWTIZO/MENOS DE\ POIEI= TH\N NU/KTA, KAI\ QERMAINO/MENOS ME\N TO\ QE/ROS, YUXO/MENOS DE\ TO\N XEIMW=NA. PERI\ DE\ TW=N LOIPW=N FAMEN O(/TI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS EI)=PEN <20E(\N TW=| A)RIQMW=|,>20 TAU=TA DE\ OU)X E(\N O)/NTA A)RIQMW=| E)PIDE/XETAI TA\ TOIAU=TA, A)LLA\ MA=LLON E(\N O)/NTA TW=| EI)/DEI: OI(=ON O( A)RIQMO\S E)PIDE/XETAI ME\N A)/RTION KAI\ PERITTO\N OU)X EI(=S W)\N O( A)RIQMO\S TW=| A)RIQMW=|, W(S A)\N EI)/POI TIS, A)LL' EI(=S TW=| EI)/DEI: O( ME\N GA\R TRI/A E)PIDE/XETAI TH\N PERITTO/THTA, O( DE\ DU/O TH\N A)RTIO/THTA: TAU=TA DE\ DIA/FORA PEFU/KASIN TW=| A)RIQMW=|. OU)/TE DE\ O( AU)TO\S TO/POS E)STI\N E(\N TW=| A)RIQMW=|, A)LLA\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW: TO\ DE\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW EI) KAI\ TO/POS E)STI\ TW=| EI)/DEI, A)LL' OU)=N DIA/FOROS TW=| A)RIQMW=|. O( DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, <20E(\N KAI\ TAU)TO/N>20 FHSI <20TW=| A)RIQMW=|,>20 OU) TW=| EI)/DEI. H( ME/NTOI GRAMMH\ E)/XEI TINA\ A)PORI/AN: E)/STIN ME\N GA/R TIS LE/GWN O(/TI DU/NAMAI TH\N AU)TH\N GRAMMH\N LABW\N KA/MPTWN ME\N TAU/THN POIH=SAI KU/KLON, E)CAPLW=N DE\ EU)QEI=AN, W(S E)PI-DE/XESQAI TAU/THN TA\ E)NANTI/A. PRO\S TOU=TO/N FAMEN O(/TI POI/AN GRAMMH\N LAM-BA/NEIS; TH\N FUSIKH\N H)\ TH\N MAQHMATIKH/N; EI) ME\N OU)=N TH\N MAQHMATIKH/N, AU(/TH E)PINOI/A| DE/XETAI TA\ E)NANTI/A, EI) DE\ TH\N FUSIKH/N, E)N TAU/TH| TO\ SW=MA/ E)STI TO\ TA\ E)NANTI/A DEXO/MENON, KAI\ OU)K AU)TH\ H( GRAMMH/. DH=LON OU)=N E)NTEU=QEN O(/TI MO/NH| TH=| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEI TO\ E(\N KAI\ TAU)TO\N TW=| A)RIQMW=| TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKO/N. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A IQ#.]2>20}1 {1<20*(UPA/RXEI DE\ TAI=S OU)SI/AIS KAI\ TO\ MHDE\N AU)TAI=S E)NANTI/ON EI)=NAI>20 E(/WS <20OU)DE/ GE TW=| A)NQRW/PW| H)\ TW=| ZW/|W| OU)DE\N E)NANTI/ON E)STI/N.>20}1 @*)APODOU\S H(MI=N O( FILO/SOFOS TRI/TON I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS E)PI\ TO\ TE/TARTON METABE/BHKEN, TO\ MHDE\N E)/XEIN AU)TH\N E)NANTI/ON. EI) DE\ KURI/WS I)/DIO/N E)STIN, H(MEI=S [2E)N]2 TH=| QEWRI/A| ZHTH/SANTES DIECH/LQAMEN: O(/TI ME\N GA\R PA/SH| U(PA/RXEI, AU)TOU= LE/GONTOS A)KOUSO/MEQA TOU= FILOSO/FOU: FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI OU)/TE TAI=S PRW/TAIS OU)SI/AIS OU)DE\ TAI=S DEUTE/RAIS OU)DE/N E)STIN E)NANTI/ON. GIGNW/SKWN DE\ O(/TI OU) MO/NH| U(PA/RXEI, E)PH/GAGEN TH\N TELEI/AN A)NAI/RESIN TOU= I)DI/OU, LE/GWN O(/TI <20OU)K I)/DION DE\ OU)SI/AS TOU=TO, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)PI\ A)/LLWN POLLW=N.>20 {1<20*EI) MH/ TIS TO\ POLU\ TW=| O)LI/GW| E)NANTI/ON EI)=NAI FAI/H H)\ TO\ ME/GA TW=| MIKRW=|.>20}1 @*)AKRIBE/STERON ME\N TH\N TOU= R(HTOU= TOU/TOU QEWRI/AN E)N TOI=S TOU= PERI\ @1 POSOU= LO/GOIS DIDA/COMEN. I(/NA DE\ MH\ PANTELW=S A)MU/HTOI TOU/TWN W)=MEN, TA\ O)NO/MATA MO/NON SAFHNI/SWMEN, LE/GONTES O(/TI TOU= POSOU= TO\ ME/N E)STI SUNEXE\S TO\ DE\ DIWRISME/NON. KAI\ E)PI\ ME\N TOU= SUNEXOU=S LE/GETAI TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO/N, W(S LE/GOMEN CU/LON ME/GA DIA\ TH\N TOU= SW/MATOS SUNE/XEIAN, E)PI\ DE\ TOU= DIWRISME/NOU TO\ POLU\ KAI\ O)LI/GON FAME/N. A)LLA\ A)POREI= TIS H(MI=N LE/GWN O(/TI KAI\ PW=S E)PI\ TOU= U(/DATOS SUNEXOU=S O)/NTOS TO\ POLU/ FAMEN KAI\ OU) ME/GA; PRO\S TOU=TO LE/GOMEN O(/TI E)PEIDH\ TO\ U(/DWR TAXU\ PE/FUKEN EI)S DIAI/RESIN KAI\ MA=LLON SUNEGGI/ZEI TW=| DIWRISME/NW|, TOU/TOU XA/RIN TH\N PROSHGORI/AN TOU/TOU A)PEI/LHFEN. {1<20*DOKEI= DE\ H( OU)SI/A OU)K E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON. LE/GW DE\ OU)X O(/TI OU)SI/A OU)SI/AS OU)K E)/STI MA=LLON OU)SI/A: TOU=TO ME\N GA\R EI)/RHTAI O(/TI E)/STI.>20}1 @*TH=S DIAFWNI/AS SUNAISQANO/MENOS O( FILO/SOFOS TOU=TO TO\ R(HTO\N E)PH/GAGEN, O(\ H(MEI=S FQA/SANTES E)PELUSA/MEQA EI)RHKO/TES O(/TI E)N ME\N MIA=| OU)SI/A| OU)K E)/STIN QEWRHQH=NAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON, E)N [2DE\]2 DU/O QEWREI=TAI. O(/QEN AU)TO\S EI)RHKW\S O(/TI H( OU)SI/A OU)K E)PIDE/XETAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON KAI\ GIGNW/SKWN PA/LIN O(/TI AU)TO\S EI)=PEN E)N TOI=S A)NWTE/RW TH\N PRW/THN OU)SI/AN MA=LLON OU)SI/AN EI)=NAI, I(/NA MH/ TIS AU)TW=| W(S DIAFWNOU=NTI E)GKALE/SAI, E)PH/GAGEN LE/GWN TO\ <20LE/GW DH\ OU)X O(/TI OU)SI/A OU)SI/AS OU)K E)/STIN MA=LLON OU)SI/A [1TOU=TO ME\N GA\R EI)/RHTAI O(/TI E)/STIN]1, A)LL' O(/TI E(KA/STH OU)SI/A TOU=TO, O(/PER E)STI/N, OU) LE/GETAI MA=LLON H)\ H(=TTON.>20 W(/SPER TO\ LEUKO\N E(/TERON E(TE/ROU MA=LLON LE/GETAI LEUKO/N, KAI\ AU)TO\ DE\ E(AUTOU= TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON E)PIDEXO/MENON DU/NATAI TH\N SU/GKRISIN DE/CASQAI PRO\S TA\ A)/LLA KAI\ PRO\S E(AUTO/: DE/XONTAI GA\R TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON TA\ PRO\S A)/LLHLA PARALAMBANO/MENA KAI\ PRO\S E(AUTA/: OI(=ON TO\ E)N *SWKRA/TEI LEUKO\N DH=LON O(/TI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON E)PIDEXO/MENON KAI\ PRO\S E(AUTO\ LE/GETAI DE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON [1DE/XETAI GA\R KAI\ A)/NESIN KAI\ E)PI/TASIN]1, KAI\ PRO\S TO\ E)N *PLA/TWNI O(MOI/WS LEUKO\N SUGKRINO/MENON EU(RI/SKETAI MA=LLON H)\ H(=TTON LEUKO/N. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI TO\ PRO\S E(AUTO\ PARA-BALLO/MENON DE/XETAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON, A)LL' OU)K [2E)N]2 E(NI\ XRO/NW| [1A)DU/-NATON GA\R TO\N *SWKRA/THN KAI\ LEUKO\N A(/MA EI)=NAI KAI\ ME/LAN]1, TO\ DE\ PRO\S E(/TERON PARABALLO/MENON DUNATO\N E)N TW=| AU)TW=| XRO/NW| PRO\S TH\N TOU= E(TE/ROU PARA/QESIN E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON. {1<20*MA/LISTA DE\ DOKEI= I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS EI)=NAI TO\ TAU)TO\N KAI\ E(\N TW=| A)RIQMW=| TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKO/N.>20}1 @*META\ TH\N TW=N PE/NTE PARAKOLOUQHMA/TWN A)PARI/QMHSIN, LE/GW DH\ TOU= @1 MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI, TOU= SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI, TOU= TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEIN, TOU= MHDE\N E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON, TOU= MH\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON, E)PI\ TO\ E(/KTON I)/DION METABE/BHKEN, O(\ KAI\ A)LHQE\S I)/DION E)PIKRI/NEI DIA\ TH=S <20MA/LISTA>20 LE/CEWS. TA\S DE\ TOU/TOU TOU= I)DI/OU A)PORI/AS TE KAI\ E)PILU/SEIS KATA\ TO\ DUNATO\N E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| DIECH/LQAMEN. {1<20*)EPI\ DE\ TW=N A)/LLWN OU)DENO\S FAI/NETAI TO\ TOIOU=TON, EI) MH/ TIS A)/RA E)NI/STATAI TO\N LO/GON FA/SKWN KAI\ TH\N DO/CAN TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKA/: O( GA\R AU)TO\S LO/GOS A)LHQH/S TE KAI\ YEUDH\S DOKEI= EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*)APODOU\S O( FILO/SOFOS TO\ I)/DION TH=S OU)SI/AS, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ E(\N KAI\ TAU)TO\N TW=| A)RIQMW=| TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKO/N, BOU/LETAI DIA\ TOU/TWN ZHTH=SAI EI) MO/NH| TH=| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEI H)\ MH/: E)PEI\ GA/R, W(S POLLA/KIS EI)RH/-KAMEN, TO\ I)/DION BOU/LETAI KAI\ MO/NW| E)FARMO/ZEIN KAI\ PANTI/, MA=LLON A(MARTA/NEI, ΈEI) MH\ MO/NH| U(PA/RXEI, H(=TTON DE\ A(MARTA/NEI, EI) PA/SH| MH\ U(PA/RXEI TH=| OU)SI/A|. ZHTW=N OU)=N E)NTAU=QA O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS EI) MO/NH| U(PA/RXEI, DEI/KNUSIN O(/TI OU) MO/NH| A)LLA\ KAI\ TW=| POSW=| KAI\ TW=| POIW=|. KAI\ XA/RIN ME\N TOU= POSOU= PARA/DEIGMA LAMBA/NEI TO\N PROFORIKO\N LO/GON, XA/RIN DE\ TOU= POIOU= TH\N DO/CAN: FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI OU) MO/NH| TH=| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEI TO\ I)/DION, A)LLA\ KAI\ TW=| POSW=| KAI\ TW=| POIW=|, TOU=T' E)/STI TW=| LO/GW| KAI\ TH=| DO/CH|: O( GA\R LO/GOS EI(=S KAI\ O( AU)TO\S TW=| A)RIQMW=| U(PA/RXWN TW=N E)NANTI/WN E)STI\ DEKTIKO/S: OI(=ON E)A\N EI)/PW "3*SWKRA/THS KA/QHTAI"3, H)\ A)LHQEU/W H)\ YEU/DOMAI: O(/TE ME\N KA/QHTAI, DHLONO/TI A)LHQEU/EI O( LO/GOS, EI) DE\ MH/, DHLONO/TI YEU/DETAI. KAI\ OU(/TW TW=N E)NANTI/WN E)STI\ DEKTIKO\S EI(=S U(PA/RXWN O( LO/GOS: TO\ GA\R A)LHQEU/EIN H)\ YEU/DESQAI E)NANTI/A E)STI/. O(MOI/WS KAI\ E)A\N PERI\ *SWKRA/TOUS A)NI/STASQAI H)\ KAQH=SQAI DOCA/SWMEN, H)\ A)LHQEU/OMEN H)\ YEUDO/MEQA. KAI\ OU(/TW PA/LIN TW=N E)NANTI/WN E)STI\N H( DO/CA DEKTIKH/. TAU/THN TH\N A)PORI/AN E)PI-LU/ETAI O( FILO/SOFOS. E)PILU/ETAI DE\ DIA\ TH=S E)NSTA/SEW/S TE KAI\ A)NTIPARASTA/SEWS. KAI\ E)/STIN E)/NSTASIS ME\N TO\ MHDE\ O(/LWS PARE/XEIN XW/RAN TH=| A)PORI/A|, A)LL' E)K BA/QRWN AU)TH\N A)NELEI=N, A)NTIPARA/STASIS DE\ TO\ DE/CASQAI ME\N TAU/THN, DEI=CAI DE\ AU)TH\N E)CAGW/NION OU)=SAN KAI\ MHDE\N PARABLA/PTOUSAN TO\ PROKEI/MENON. A)/RXETAI OU)=N A)PO\ TH=S A)NTIPARASTA/SEWS DIA\ DU/O AI)TI/AS: H)\ O(/TI MALAKWTE/RA PW/S E)STI TH=S E)NSTA/SEWS H)\ O(/TI TO\ TE/LOS TH=S A)NTIPARASTA/SEWS A)RXH\ GI/NETAI TH=S E)NSTA/SEWS. A)PO\ ME\N OU)=N TH=S A)NTIPARASTA/SEWS E)PILU/ETAI TH\N A)PORI/AN LE/GWN O(/TI EI) KAI\ DW=MEN TO\N LO/GON KAI\ TH\N DO/CAN E(\N O)/NTA TW=| A)RIQMW=| TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKA/, A)LL' OU)X O(MOI/AN E)/XOUSIN TH\N U(PODOXH\N H(/ TE OU)SI/A KAI\ TAU=TA: H( ME\N GA\R OU)SI/A DEXOME/NH E)NANTI/A AU)TH\ META-BA/LLETAI, OI(=ON *SWKRA/THS H)\ QERMAINO/MENOS H)\ YUXO/MENOS O( AU)TO\S META- @1BA/LLETAI, O( DE\ LO/GOS KAI\ H( DO/CA OU)K AU)TA\ METABA/LLETAI, A)LLA\ TA\ PRA/G-MATA TA\ U(PO\ TOU/TWN DHLOU/MENA. OI(=ON W(S O(/TE EI)/PW "3*SWKRA/THS KAI\ DECIO/S E)STI KAI\ A)RISTERO/S"3: EI) GA\R E)/TUXEN I(/STASQAI *PLA/TWNA KAI\ *SWKRA/THN KAI\ EI)=NAI *SWKRA/THN ME\N DECIO\N *PLA/TWNA DE\ A)RISTERO/N, SUNE/BH DE\ *PLA/TWNA PERI\ TO\ E(/TERON ME/ROS TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS METELQO/NTA POIH=SAI TOU=TON A)RISTERO/N, LE/GETAI O( *SWKRA/THS DECIO\S KAI\ A)RISTERO/S, AU)TO\S MHDAMOU= METAKINHQEI/S, A)LLA\ DIA\ TH\N SXE/SIN TH\N DIA/FORON E)/DOCEN AU)TO\S DECIO\S EI)=NAI KAI\ A)RISTERO/S. DE/DEIKTAI OU)=N O(/TI OU)X O(MOI/AN E)/XOUSI TH\N U(PODOXH\N H(/ TE OU)SI/A KAI\ O( LO/GOS KAI\ H( DO/CA: TAU)TA\ GA\R H(MI=N E)STIN E)PI\ TH=S DO/CHS, A(/PER KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= LO/GOU. KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N H( A)NTIPARA/STASIS. H( DE\ E)/NSTASI/S FHSIN O(/TI DE/DEIKTAI O( LO/GOS KAI\ H( DO/CA MH\ METABALLO/MENA, A)LL' AU)TA\ TA\ U(PO\ TOU/TWN DHLOU/MENA. TA\ DE\ MH\ METABA/LLONTA TW=N E)NANTI/WN OU)/K EI)SIN DEKTIKA/. O( LO/GOS A)/RA KAI\ H( DO/CA TW=N E)NANTI/WN OU)/K EI)SI DEKTIKA/. KAI\ OU(/TWS ME\N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)PELU/SATO TH\N A)PORI/AN DI' E)NSTA/SEWS KAI\ A)NTIPARASTA/SEWS. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ A)/LLWS EU)PORH=SAI LE/GONTAS OU(/TWS: O(/TI TA\ E)PIDEXO/MENA TA\ E)NANTI/A OU) DU/NATAI KATA\ TO\N AU)TO\N XRO/NON TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKA/: PA/NTWN GA\R TW=N TOIOU/TWN H)\ E)N TW=| GI/NESQAI TO\ EI)=NAI E)/XEI H)\ META\ TO\ GENE/SQAI SUNI/STATAI, W(S E)PI\ KINH/SEWS KAI\ XRO/NOU KAI\ A)NQRW/POU: O( ME\N GA\R XRO/NOS KAI\ H( KI/NHSIS E)N TW=| GI/NESQAI E)/XOUSI TO\ EI)=NAI. META\ DE\ TO\ GENE/SQAI E)/XEI TO\ EI)=NAI A)/NQRWPOS. O( LO/GOS TW=N E)N TW=| GI/NESQAI TO\ EI)=NAI E)XO/NTWN E)STI/N: E)A\N OU)=N EI)/PW O(/TI *SWKRA/THS PERIPATEI=, H)\ A)LHQEU/EI H)\ YEU/DETAI O( LO/GOS, OU)KE/TI ME/NTOI TO\ SUNAMFO/TERON E)/STI QEWRH=SAI: DE/DEIKTAI GA\R O(/TI TA\ E)PIDEXO/MENA TA\ E)NANTI/A E)N TW=| AU)TW=| XRO/NW| OU)K E)PIDE/XONTAI. A)LL' OU)/TE MH\N ME/LLEI E)PIDE/XESQAI TA\ E)NANTI/A, EI)/ GE E)N TW=| GI/NESQAI E)/XEI TO\ EI)=NAI: FILEI= GA\R A)LH/QEIAN: E)/ST' A)\N ME\N GA\R LE/GHTAI O( LO/GOS, KAI\ E)/STIN, PLH/RHS DE\ GENO/-MENOS H)/DH E)/FQARTAI, KAI\ OU)KE/TI O( AU)TO\S DU/NATAI TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKO/S, W(S MH/TE E)N TW=| AU)TW=| XRO/NW| DUNA/MENOS DE/XESQAI TA\ E)NANTI/A MH/TE DE\ DUNA/MENOS EI)=NAI TW=N META\ TO\ GI/NESQAI SUNISTAME/NWN: A)LL' AU(/TH ME\N H( E)PI/LUSIS A(RMO/ZEI TW=| LO/GW|, OU) MH\N KAI\ TH=| DO/CH|: H( GA\R DO/CA E(/CIS OU)=SA TH=S YUXH=S DU/NATAI E)N TW=| GENE/SQAI E)/XEIN TO\ EI)=NAI. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N E(NI\ KAI\ MO/NW| A(RMO/ZEI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TAU/THN TH\N E)PI/LUSIN PARA-LE/LOIPEN, E)KEI/NAS DE\ MO/NAS EI)=PEN TA\S DI' E)NSTA/SEWS KAI\ A)NTIPARASTA/SEWS A(RMOZOU/SAS TW=| TE LO/GW| KAI\ TH=| DO/CH|. @*)ALL' E)PEIDH\ ME/XRI TOU/TWN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\N PERI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS E)/STHSE LO/GON, FE/RE KAI\ H(MEI=S SU/GKRISIN TW=N PROEIRHME/NWN I)DI/WN POIH/SANTES E)P' AU)TH=| KATAPAU/SWMEN TH\N PAROU=SAN QEWRI/AN. TO\ TOI/NUN DEU/TERON I)/DION, FHMI\ DH\ TO\ SUNWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=SQAI, E)KBLHTE/ON TOU= EI)=NAI I)/DION O(/LWS: OU)DE/TERON GA\R XARAKTHRISTIKO\N E)/XEI TOU= I)DI/OU, DIO/TI MH/TE PA/SH| U(PA/RXEI MH/TE MO/NH| TH=| OU)SI/A|. TO\ DE\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ TE/TARTON KAI\ TO\ PE/MPTON, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ MH\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI KAI\ TO\ MHDE\N E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON KAI\ TO\ MH\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON, MA=LLON A(MARTA/NOUSIN H(=TTON DE\ KATOR- @1QOU=SIN. MA=LLON DE\ A(MARTA/NEIN LE/GETAI TO\ I)/DION, O(/TAN PANTI\ U(PA/RXH| KAI\ OU) MO/NW|, O(/PER U(PA/RXEI E)PI\ TW=N TRIW=N I)DI/WN TOU/TWN. H(=TTON DE\ KATOR-QOU=SIN, DIO/TI MH\ KAI\ MO/NH| U(PA/RXOUSIN, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, KAI\ DIO/TI A)POFATIKH=| KE/XRHNTAI TH=| FWNH=|: H( ME\N GA\R A)PO/FASIS TI/ OU)K E)/STI DHLOI=, OU)KE/TI ME/NTOI TI/ E)STI, KAI/TOI TOU= I)DI/OU O(RISMO\N BOULOME/NOU MIMH/SASQAI KAI\ TH\N FU/SIN DHLW=SAI TOU= PRA/GMATOS. TO\ DE\ TRI/TON KAI\ TO\ E(/KTON, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ TO/DE TI SHMAI/NEIN KAI\ TO\ E(\N KAI\ TAU)TO\N TW=| A)RIQMW=| U(PA/RXON TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKO/N, H(=TTON A(MARTA/NOUSIN MA=LLON DE\ KATORQOU=SI: TAU=TA GA\R MO/NH| ME\N U(PA/RXOUSI TH=| OU)SI/A|, O(/PER E)STI\ KURI/WS XARAKTHRISTIKO\N TOU= I)DI/OU, OU)KE/TI ME/NTOI KAI\ PA/SH|. A)LL' E)NTEU=QEN H(MI=N A)NAFAI/NETAI/ TIS A)PORI/A, H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI EI) OU)DE\N H(=TTON TO\ TRI/TON TOU= E(/KTOU OU)/TE A(MARTA/NEI OU)/TE KATORQOI=, TI/NOS XA/RIN O( FILO/SOFOS TW=| E(/KTW| YH=FON A)PODE/DWKEN EI)PW\N <20MA/LISTA DE\ I)/DIO/N E)STIN,>20 OU)KE/TI ME/NTOI KAI\ TW=| TRI/TW|. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI EI)KO/TWS: TO\ ME\N GA\R TRI/TON A)PO\ TH=S O)NOMASI/AS EI)/LHPTAI [1TO\ GA\R SHMAI/NEIN I)/DIO/N E)STIN O)NO/MATOS]1, TO\ DE\ E(/KTON A)PO\ TOU= PRA/GMATOS: E)NTIMO/TERA DE\ TA\ A)PO\ TOU= PRA/GMATOS H)/PER TA\ A)PO\ TH=S O)NOMASI/AS. TI/NOS OU)=N XA/RIN MH\ PA/SH| TH=| OU)SI/A| U(PA/RXEI TO\ E(/KTON I)/DION; KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI E)PEIDH\ MH\ TAI=S DEUTE/RAIS A(RMO/TTEI OU)SI/AIS. AU(=TAI ME\N GA\R OU)/K EI)SIN E(\N TW=| A)RIQMW=|, W(/SPER TO\ I)/DION BOU/LETAI. E)PEIDH\ TOI/NUN OU)DE/TERON TW=N EI)RHME/NWN I)DI/WN KURI/WS I)/DIO/N E)STI TH=S OU)SI/AS, FE/RE A)PODW=MEN TAU/THS I)/DION MO/NH| AU)TH=| U(PA/RXON KAI\ PA/SH|. LE/GW TOI/NUN O(/TI MIKRA\N PROSQH/KHN EI) PROSLA/BOI TO\ E(/KTON I)/DION, A(RMO/SAI PA/SH| AU)TH=|. KAI\ PW=S, A)/KOUE: I)DOU\ TOI/NUN E)STI\ TO\ PRA=GMA: TO\ E)/XON GE/NH KAI\ EI)/DH TW=N E)NANTI/WN O)/NTA DEKTIKA/: TOU=TO GA\R EI)PO/NTES SU\N TOI=S A)TO/MOIS KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH KAI\ TA\ GE/NH PERIELA/BOMEN. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS KAI\ TOU= LO/GOU TOU= PERI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS. {1<20[*EI) MH/ TIS E)NI/STATAI TO\N LO/GON KAI\ TH\N DO/CAN FA/SKWN TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN A)RXH\ TH=S A)PORI/AS TW=| FILOSO/FW|: BOULO/MENOS ME\N GA/R, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, [2ZHTH=SAI]2 EI) MO/NH| TH=| OU)SI/A| A(RMO/TTEI TO\ I)/DION, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ E(\N KAI\ TAU)TO\N TW=| A)RIQMW=| TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKO/N, A)POREI= E(AUTW=| LE/GWN W(S O( LO/GOS KAI\ H( DO/CA TW=N E)NANTI/WN E)STI\ DEKTIKA/. E)PILU/ETAI DE\ TAU/THN ЈTH\N A)PORI/AN, W(S H(MEI=S E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| E)DHLW/SAMEN, TH=| E)NSTA/SEI KAI\ TH=| A)NTIPARASTA/SEI. DEI= DE\ EI)DE/NAI O(/TI DIAFE/REI LO/GOS DO/CHS: O( ME\N GA\R LO/GOS E)STI\ DITTO/S, O( ME\N DIA\ TH=S GLW/TTHS PROFERO/MENOS, O(\S KAI\ O(MW/NUMOS TW=| GE/NEI LE/GETAI LO/GOS, O( DE\ E(/CIS W)\N TH=S YUXH=S, O(\S KAI\ E)NDIA/QETOS KALEI=TAI, A)LLA\ DH\ KAI\ DO/CA PROSAGOREU/ETAI. KATA\ TOU=TO OU)=N DIAFE/REI O( LO/GOS TH=S DO/CHS, O(/TI O( ME\N LO/GOS PROFORIKO/S E)STIN, H( DE\ DO/CA E)NDIA/QETOS LE/GETAI LO/GOS. @1 {1<20*(/WSTE I)/DION OU)SI/AS A)\N EI)/H TO\ TAU)TO\N KAI\ E(\N A)RIQMW=| KATA\ @TH\N AU)TOU= METABOLH\N TW=N E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI DEKTIKO/N.>20}1 @*TOU=TO TO\ SUMPE/RASMA PRO\S TH\N A)NTIPARA/STASIN MA=LLON EI)/RHTAI, OU) PRO\S TH\N E)/NSTASIN: H( ME\N GA\R A)NTIPARA/STASIS BOU/LETAI DEI=SQAI TH\N OU)SI/AN TH=S TOIAU/THS PROSQH/KHS TH=S LEGOU/SHS "3KATA\ TH\N E(AUTOU= METABOLH/N"3: AU(/TH GA/R E)STIN H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI EI) KAI\ O( LO/GOS KAI\ H( DO/CA TW=N E)NANTI/WN E)STI\ DEKTIKA/, A)LL' OU)=N OU)X O(MOI/A H( TOU/TWN U(PODOXH/: H( ME\N GA\R OU)SI/A AU)TH\ METABA/LLETAI, O( DE\ LO/GOS KAI\ H( DO/CA A)META/BLHTA O)/NTA, TA\ U(PO\ TOU/TWN PRA/GMATA SHMAINO/MENA METABA/LLONTAI. TH=| OU)=N A)NTIPARASTA/SEI TO\ SUM-PE/RASMA A(RMO/ZEI DIA\ TH\N TOIAU/THN PROSQH/KHN, OU) MH\N TH=| E)NSTA/SEI: E)KEI/NH GA\R O(LOSXERW=S OU)K E)BOU/LETO XW/RAN DIDO/NAI TH=| A)PORI/A|, A)LL' E)NI/STATO LE/GOUSA O(/TI AU)TO\ TOU=TO O( LO/GOS KAI\ H( DO/CA OU)/K EI)SI TW=N E)NANTI/WN DEKTIKA/. EI)KO/TWS OU)=N W(S MH\ E)PIDEXOME/NH| TH=| E)NSTA/SEI TO\ EI)=NAI DEKTIKO\N TW=N E)NAN-TI/WN TO\N LO/GON KAI\ TH\N DO/CAN OU) PRE/PEI TO\ TOIOU=TON SUMPE/RASMA.] {1<20[2*QEWRI/A K#.]2>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ TOU= POSOU=.>20}1 {1<20*TOU= DE\ POSOU= TO\ ME/N E)STI DIWRISME/NON, TO\ DE\ SUNEXE/S, KAI\ TO\ ME\N E)K QE/SIN E)XO/NTWN PRO\S A)/LLHLA TW=N E)N AU)TOI=S MORI/WN SUNE/STHKEN, TO\ DE\ OU)K E)C E)XO/NTWN QE/SIN.>20}1 @*META\ TH\N PERI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS DIDASKALI/AN E)PI\ TO\ POSO\N H(MA=S H)/GAGEN. KAI\ DEI= GENOME/NOUS E)NTAU=QA ZHTEI=N PERI\ TH=S TOIAU/THS TA/CEWS: A)MFISBHTOU=SIN GA\R OI( PALAIOI/, OI( ME\N LE/GONTES "3TO\ POIO\N DEI= PROTETA/XQAI TOU= POSOU="3, OI( DE\ "3TO\ POSO\N TOU= POIOU="3, W(/SPER OU)=N KAI\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS FAI/NETAI TOU=TO POIW=N: PERI\ GA\R TW=N A)/LLWN KATHGORIW=N OU)DEMI/A GE/GONEN A)MFISBH/THSIS, POI/AN A)/RA DEI= PROTA/TTESQAI TH=S E(TE/RAS: PERI\ ME\N TOU= PRO/S TI, DIO/TI E)N SXE/SEI E)STI/, TA\ DE\ KAQ' AU(TA\ TW=N E)N SXE/SEI PROHGEI=TAI, PERI\ DE\ TW=N A)/LLWN E(\C KATHGORIW=N, O(/TI E)N SUNQE/SEI QEWROU=NTAI. SU/NQETOI DE/ EI)SIN AU(=TAI, DIO/TI H( OU)SI/A SUMPLEKOME/NH TW=| POSW=| KAI\ TW=| POIW=| KAI\ TW=| PRO/S TI TAU/TAS A)POTELEI=: EI) DE\ SU/NQETOI/ EI)SIN, TA\ DE\ A(PLA= TW=N SUNQE/TWN PROHGEI=TAI, PW=S OU)K E)/STAI TA\ PROEIRHME/NA PROHGOU/MENA TW=N A)/LLWN E(\C KATHGORIW=N; O( ME\N OU)=N *)ARXU/TAS E)/LEGEN "3DEI= PROTA/TTESQAI TO\ POIO\N TOU= POSOU="3, DUSI\N E)PI-XEIRH/MASIN KEXRHME/NOS, W(=N TO\ PRW=TO/N E)STI TOIOU=TON: I)/DION, FHSI/, TH=S OU)SI/AS TH=S A)TO/MOU TO\ POIO\N H)/PER TO\ POSO/N: TO\ ME\N GA\R ME/LI KAI\ TO\ A)YI/NQION OU) TW=| POSW=| DIAKRI/NOMEN, A)LLA\ TW=| POIW=|: TO\ ME\N GA/R E)STIN GLUKU\ TO\ DE\ @1 PIKRO/N. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O(/TI KAI\ TAI=S DEUTE/RAIS OU)SI/AIS, TOU=T' E)/STI TAI=S KAQO/LOU, TO\ POIO\N A(RMO/ZEI. O(/TI DE\ A)LHQH= PERI\ TOU/TOU E)/LEGEN *)ARXU/TAS, MARTUREI= *)ARISTOTE/LHS AU)TO/S, [2O(\S]2 LE/GWN PERI\ OU)SI/AN TO\ POIO\N A)FORI/ZEI. H(MEI=S DE/ FAMEN PRO\S TAU=TA O(/TI PRW=TON ME\N EI) KAI\ TW=| POIW=| AI( A)/TOMOI OU)SI/AI DIAKRI/NONTAI, A)LL' AI( TOIAI/DE A)/TOMOI, H(MI=N DE\ OU)DEI\S LO/GOS PERI\ TW=N TOIW=NDE A)TO/MWN, A)LL' A(PLW=S PERI\ A)TO/MWN ZHTOU=MEN EI) A)/TOMA. PRO\S DE\ TO\ DEU/TERO/N FAMEN O(/TI DEI=TAI H( OU)SI/A TOU= POIOU=: E)/STI GA\R TO\ POIO\N TO\ ME\N OU)SIW=DES TO\ DE\ E)PEISODIW=DES, O(\ KAI\ MI/A E)STI\ TW=N KATHGORIW=N TOU= ME\N OU)=N E)PEISODIW/DOUS OU) DE/ETAI H( OU)SI/A, A)LLA\ MA=LLON TOU= OU)SIW/DOUS, PERI\ OU(= NU=N H(MI=N O( LO/GOS. O(/TI DE\ TO\ POSO\N DEI= TOU= POIOU= PROTA/TTEIN, E)/STIN EU)PORH=SAI KAI\ DI' A)/LLWN TRIW=N E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN: PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI TH\N OU)SI/AN DIAIROU=MEN EI)S PRW=TON KAI\ DEU/TERON, TO\ DE\ PRW=TON KAI\ DEU/TERON POSOU=: EI)KO/TWS A)/RA META\ TH\N OU)SI/AN TE/TAKTAI TO\ POSO/N. DEU/TERON O(/TI PA/SAIS TAI=S OU)SI/AIS SUMBA/LLETAI TO\ POSO/N, TAI=S ME\N PRW/TAIS OU)SI/AIS, DIO/TI LE/GONTAI E(\N TW=| A)RIQMW=|, TAI=S DE\ DEUTE/RAIS, DIO/TI LE/GONTAI KAI\ AU)TAI\ TOU=TO AU)TO\ DEU/TERAI, KAI\ O(/TI PA/LIN LE/GONTAI E(\N TW=| EI)/DEI KAI\ E(\N TW=| GE/NEI: TO\ DE\ E(\N KAI\ TA\ DU/O PA/LIN TOU= POSOU=. EI)KO/TWS OU)=N DEUTE/RAN E)/LAXEN TA/CIN TO\ POSO\N META\ TH\N OU)SI/AN. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O(/TI TO\ POSO\N PRO\S PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA E)PEKTEI/NETAI, OI(=ON PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA H)\ E(/N E)STIN H)\ POLLA/, TO\ DE\ E(\N KAI\ POLLA\ I)/DIO/N E)STI TOU= POSOU=. TO\ DE\ POIO\N OU)X OU(/TWS E)PEKTEI/NETAI E)PI\ PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA: I)DOU\ GA\R H( U(/LH H( A)NEI/DEOS OU)K E)PIDE/XETAI POIO/THTA W(S KREI/TTWN OU)=SA POIO/THTOS. TO\ DE\ EI)S PA/NTA E)PEKTEINO/MENON TOU= MH\ OU(/TWS E)/XONTOS PROTIMO/TERON: EI)KO/TWS A)/RA PROTETI/MHTAI TO\ POSO\N TOU= POIOU=. TOU/TWN OU)=N OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN FE/RE LOIPO\N KAI\ TH=| DOKOU/SH| DIAFWNI/A| TW=N FILOSO/FWN O)PTE/ON: OU)/TE GA\R *)ARXU/TAS TO\ POIO\N PROTA/CAS DIH/MARTE TH=S A)LHQEI/AS, OU)/TE ME/NTOI *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\ POSO\N PROTIMH/SAS: I)STE/ON GA\R O(/TI *)ARXU/TAS GRA/YAS *PERI\ TW=N DE/KA GENW=N TA\ KAQO/LOU PROE/TACE TW=N MERIKW=N. TOI=S DE\ KAQO/LOU A(RMO/ZEI TO\ POIO/N. KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN PRW=TON E)/TACE TO\ POIO/N. O( DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS, W(S I)/SMEN, TA\S MERIKA\S OU)SI/AS PROE/TACEN, AI(=S TO\ POSO\N MA=LLON A(RMO/ZEI. W(/STE KATA\ TH\N I)DI/AN A)RXH\N TOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS E(/KASTOS TOU/TWN OU)DE\N DIH/MARTEN, OU)/TE O( TW=| POSW=| SUNAGWNIZO/MENOS OU)/TE O( TW=| POIW=| SUMMAXW=N. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TH=S TA/CEWS. @*DIAIREI=TAI DE\ TO\ POSO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHS EI)S SUNEXE\S KAI\ DIWRISME/NON. A)LLA\ A)POROU=SIN EU)QU\S PRO\S TH\N DIAI/RESIN, O(/TI OU) PA/NTA TA\ EI)/DH PERIE/LABEN: I)DOU\ GA\R H( R(OPH\ EI)=DOS OU)=SA TOU= POSOU=, KAQA\ LE/GOMEN TA/LANTA, H(MITA/LANTA, PERILE/LEIPTAI. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FASI/ TINES O(/TI TAU)TO/N E)STIN H( R(OPH\ TOU= SUNEXOU=S, KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN TH=S R(OPH=S OU)K E)MNHMO/NEUSEN. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI YEU=DOS: % KAI\ GA\R TOU=TO KE/XRHNTAI I)SO/OGKA KAI\ I)SOBARH= EI)=NAI. TI/ OU)=N H(MEI=S FAMEN; O(/TI H( R(OPH\ OU)K E)/STIN EI)=DOS POSOU=. A)LLA\ MA=LLON PA/QOS POSOU= E)STIN, W(/SPER TO\ A)/RTION KAI\ TO\ PERITTO\N OU)/K EI)SIN A)RIQMOI/, A)LLA\ PA/QH A)RIQMOU=. PA/QH @1 DE/ EI)SIN W(S KATAMETROU=NTA A)RIQMO/N: KAI\ GA\R TO\ KATAMETREI=SQAI PA/QOS E)STI/, TELEIWTIKO\N ME/NTOI KAI\ OU) FQARTIKO/N. H(MEI=S DE\ PERI\ TOU= POSOU= DIALEGO/MEQA, OU) PERI\ TW=N PAQW=N TOU/TOU. A)LL' E(TE/RA TIS H(MI=N A)PORI/A PERI\ TAU/THS TH=S A)PORI/AS DIADE/XETAI, LE/GOUSA O(/TI EI) KALW=S E)GE/NETO H( DIAI/-RESIS, E)XRH=N MH\ TA\ EI)/DH DE/ESQAI A)LLH/LWN: NU=N DE\ O(RW=MEN TO\ SUNEXE\S TOU= DIWRISME/NOU DEO/MENON KAI\ TO\ DIWRISME/NON TOU= SUNEXOU=S. O(/TI DE\ TO\ SUNEXE\S DE/ETAI TOU= DIWRISME/NOU, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: H( GRAMMH\ KAI\ H( E)PIFA/NEIA KAI\ TO\ SW=MA SUNEXH= EI)SIN, KAI\ H( ME\N GRAMMH\ E)F' E(/N E)STI DIASTATH/, H( DE\ E)PI-FA/NEIA DIXH=|, TO\ DE\ SW=MA TRIXH=| DIASTATO/N: EI) DE\ TO\ E(\N KAI\ TA\ DU/O KAI\ TA\ TRI/A TOU= DIWRISME/NOU E)STI/, DE/ETAI A)/RA TO\ SUNEXE\S TOU= DIWRISME/NOU. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ TO\ DIWRISME/NON TOU= SUNEXOU=S, DIDA/COMEN OU(/TWS: O( A)RIQMO\S DIW-RISME/NOS W)\N DE/ETAI MONA/DOS KOINO\N O(/RON POIOU/SHS, I(/NA TA\ ME/RH AU)TOU= SUNA/YH| PRO\S A)/LLHLA. PRO\S TAU=TA/ FAMEN O(/TI PRW=TON ME\N OU)/TE A)RIQMO\S EI)S TO\ SUNAFQH=NAI DE/ETAI TH=S MONA/DOS, W(S DEI/COMEN, OU)/TE DE\ TO\ SUNEXE\S DE/ETAI TOU= DIWRISME/NOU: TH=| ME\N GA\R GRAMMH=| MH=KOS E)XOU/SH| A)PLATE\S SUMBE/BHKE TO\ E)F' E(\N EI)=NAI DIASTATH/N, TH=| DE\ E)PIFANEI/A| MH=KOS E)XOU/SH| KAI\ PLA/TOS SUMBE/BHKE TO\ DIXH=| EI)=NAI DIASTATH/N, TW=| DE\ SW/MATI PA/LIN E)/XONTI ӈMH=KOS KAI\ PLA/TOS KAI\ BA/QOS SUMBE/BHKE TRIXH=| EI)=NAI DIASTATO/N. EI) OU)=N TOI=S SUNEXE/SI SUMBE/BHKEN, KAI\ OU) KURI/WS AU)TW=N DE/ONTAI AU)TA\ KAQ' AU(TA\ O)/NTA, H(MEI=S DE\ PERI\ TW=N KAQ' AU(TA\ DIALEGO/MEQA, KAI\ OU) PERI\ TW=N KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S, OU)K A)/RA TO\ SUNEXE\S DE/ETAI TOU= DIWRISME/NOU. @*META\ OU)=N TH\N DIAI/RESIN TAU/THN U(PODIAIREI= TO\ SUNEXE\S KAI\ TO\ DIWRI-SME/NON O( FILO/SOFOS, TO\ ME\N SUNEXE\S EI)S PE/NTE, EI)S GRAMMH/N, E)PIFA/NEIAN, SW=MA, TO/PON, XRO/NON, TO\ DE\ DIWRISME/NON EI)S DU/O, EI)S LO/GON KAI\ A)RIQMO/N. A)LLA\ A)POROU=SI/ TINES EU)QU\S PRO\S TH\N DIAI/RESIN TOU= SUNEXOU=S, LE/GONTES E)LLIPH= TAU/THN EI)=NAI, DIO/TI MH\ KAI\ TH\N KI/NHSIN PERIE/LABEN EI)=DOS OU)=SAN TOU= SUN-EXOU=S. PRO\S OU(\S E)ROU=MEN O(/TI H( KI/NHSIS E)N TW=| GI/NESQAI E)/XEI TO\ EI)=NAI, H(MI=N DE\ OU) PERI\ TW=N A)TELW=N PRAGMA/TWN, A)LLA\ PERI\ TELEI/WN E)STI\N O( LO/GOS. A)LLA\ PA/LIN A)POROU=SIN O(/TI EI) TOU/TOU XA/RIN H( KI/NHSIS PARALE/LEIPTAI, E)XRH=N KAI\ TO\N XRO/NON PA/QOS O)/NTA KINH/SEWS [1PA/QOS GA/R E)STI KINH/SEWS O( XRO/NOS W(S METRW=N TAU/THN]1 MH\ SUMPERILABEI=N: TO\ GA\R PA/QOS TOU= A)TELOU=S E)/TI MA=LLON A)TELE/STERO/N E)STIN E)KEI/NOU OU(= E)STI PA/QOS. PRO\S O(\ PA/LIN FAME\N O(/TI OU)X O(/MOIO/S E)STIN O( XRO/NOS KAI\ H( KI/NHSIS: H( ME\N GA\R KI/NHSIS, W(S EI)/RHTAI, KAI\ A)TELH/S E)STI KAI\ E)N TW=| GI/NESQAI E)/XEI TO\ EI)=NAI, O( DE\ XRO/NOS OU)X OU(/TWS, [2A)LLA\ TE/LEIO/N TI]2 EI)DOPEPOIHME/NON E)STI/N: O( GA\R XRO/NOS H)\ E)NESTW\S H)\ PAR-ELHLUQW\S H)\ ME/LLWN. A)LLA\ PA/LIN E(TE/RAN H(MI=N A)PORI/AN A)POROU=SIN, O(/TI EI) TO\ SW=MA U(PO\ TH\N OU)SI/AN H)GA/GOMEN LE/GONTES TH=S OU)SI/AS TO\ ME\N SW=MA TO\ DE\ A)SW/MATON, TI/NOS XA/RIN O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ TO\ SW=MA TOU= POSOU= E)KA/LESEN; PRO\S TAU/THN TH\N A)PORI/AN FAME\N O(/TI OU) TO\ AU)TO\ SW=MA KAI\ U(PO\ TO\ POSO\N KAI\ U(PO\ TH\N OU)SI/AN A)NA/GETAI: DITTO\N GA\R TO\ SW=MA, TO\ ME\N MAQHMATIKO\N @1 TO\ DE\ FUSIKO/N. KAI\ FUSIKO\N ME/N E)STI TO\ TRIXH=| DIASTATO\N KAI\ U(PO\ TH\N OU)SI/AN A)NAGO/MENON, MAQHMATIKO\N DE\ TO\ E)N E)PINOI/A| LAMBANO/MENON, O(\ KAI\ EI)=DO/S E)STI TOU= POSOU=. TH\N DE\ AU)TH\N A)PORI/AN H(MI=N KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= TO/POU PRO-FE/ROUSI, LE/GONTES O(/TI O( TO/POS H)\ PE/RAS E)STI\N H)\ E)PIFA/NEIA. KAI\ EI) ME\N PE/RAS E)STI/, DH=LON O(/TI U(PO\ TH\N PRO/S TI O)FEI/LEI KATHGORI/AN A)NA/GESQAI [1TO\ GA\R PE/RAS U(PO\ TAU/THN A)NA/GETAI, DIO/TI TW=N PRO/S TI/ E)STIN: PA=N GA\R PE/RAS TOU= PERATOUME/NOU E)STI\N PE/RAS]1, EI) DE\ E)PIFA/NEIA/ E)STIN, PW=S DI\S A)PARIQMEI=TAI TAU/THN, E(\N EI)RHKW\S TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN EI)=DOS EI)=NAI TOU= POSOU=; TI/ OU)=N H(MEI=S FAMEN; O(/TI OU)/TE E)PIFA/NEIA MO/NH E)STI\N OU)/TE PE/RAS MO/NON, A)LLA\ E)PIFA/NEIA PERATOU=SA. TA\ DE\ SU/NQETA PARA\ TA\ A(PLA= E(/TERA/ E)STIN, E)C W(=N SU/NQETA. EI) OU)=N E(/TERO/N E)STI TOU=TO W(S SU/NQETON, EI)KO/TWS LE/GOMEN TO\N FILO/SOFON MH/TE DI\S TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN A)PARIQMH/SASQAI MH/TE DE\ TO\N TO/PON, U(PO\ TH\N PRO/S TI KATHGORI/AN O)FEI/LONTA W(S PE/RAS A)NA/GESQAI, U(PO\ TO\ POSO\N A)NH/GAGEN. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PROKEIME/NHS QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A KA#.]2>20}1 [*)ISTE/ON O(/TI TO\ DIWRISME/NON E)STI\N PRW=TON SKE/LOS.] {1<20*TOU= ME\N POSOU= TO\ ME/N E)STI SUNEXE\S TO\ DE\ DIWRISME/NON.>20}1 @*ZHTOU=MEN E)NTAU=QA EU)QE/WS TI/NOS XA/RIN TO\ DIWRISME/NON SKE/LOS TOU= SUNEXOU=S PROE/TACEN. KAI/ FAMEN W(S EI)KO/TWS: E)PEIDH\ GA\R E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| ZHTOU=NTES TI/ DEI= PROTA/TTEIN, TO\ POSO\N H)\ TO\ POIO/N, E)LE/GOMEN O(/TI TO\ POSO\N PROTA/TTEIN DEI=, O(/TI E)PEKTEI/NETAI EI)S PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA, E)PEI/PER TA\ O)/NTA H)\ E(/N E)STIN H)\ POLLA/, TO\ DE\ E(\N KAI\ POLLA\ TOU= POSOU= E)STIN: E)PEIDH\ DE\ TO\ POSO\N DITTO/N, ZHTH/SWMEN POI/OU POSOU= A)/RA, TOU= SUNEXOU=S H)\ TOU= DIWRISME/NOU. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI TOU= DIWRISME/NOU E)STI\ TO\ E(\N KAI\ POLLA/: [2TO\ GA\R E(\N KAI\ POLLA\]2 A)RIQMO/S, O( DE\ A)RIQMO\S TOU= DIWRISME/NOU, TO\ A)/RA E(\N KAI\ POLLA\ TOU= DIWRISME/NOU. EI) OU)=N DIA\ TO\ PA=SIN E)PEKTEI/NESQAI TO\ POSO\N PROTA/TTEI, EI)KO/TWS KAI\ TO\ EI)=DOS TO\ KATHGOROU/MENON TOU= E(NO\S KAI\ TW=N POLLW=N, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ DIWRISME/NON, PROTE/TAKTAI TOU= SUNEXOU=S. {1<20*TO\ ME\N E)K QE/SIN E)XO/NTWN. [KAI\ TO\ ME\N E)K QE/SIN E)XO/NTWN PRO\S A)/LLHLA TW=N E)N AU)TOI=S MORI/WN SUNE/STHKEN, TO\ DE\ OU)K E)C E)XO/NTWN QE/SIN. E)/STI DE\ DIWRISME/NON ME\N A)RIQMO\S KAI\ LO/GOS, SUNEXE\S DE\ GRAMMH/, E)PIFA/NEIA, SW=MA].>20}1 @*TH\N ME\N TELEI/AN E)CH/GHSIN TOU/TOU TOU= R(HTOU= TH=| U(STERAI/A| FULA/CWMEN. A)LLA\ DEI= EI)DE/NAI O(/TI TRI/A EI)SI\N A)LLH/LOIS PARAKEI/MENA, DIAI/RESI/S TE KAI\ E)PI- @1DIAI/RESIS KAI\ U(PODIAI/RESIS. DIAI/RESIS ME\N OU)=N E)STIN H( PRW/TH TOU= PRA/GMATOS TOMH/, W(S O(/TAN TO\ ZW=|ON DIE/LW EI)S LOGIKO\N KAI\ A)/LOGON. E)PIDIAI/RESIS DE/ E)STIN H( TOU= AU)TOU= PRA/GMATOS KATA\ DEUTE/RAN E)PIBOLH\N GIGNOME/NH TOMH/, OI(=ON [2O(/TE]2 TO\ ZW=|ON DIE/LW EI)S QNHTO\N KAI\ A)QA/NATON. U(PODIAI/RESIS DE/ E)STIN H( AU)TOU= TOU= TMH/MATOS TOMH/, W(S O(/TE TO\ LOGIKO\N TMHQE\N E)K TOU= ZW/|OU TE/MW PA/LIN EI)S A)/GGELON KAI\ EI)S A)/NQRWPON. TOU/TOIS OU)=N TOI=S TRISI/, LE/GW DH\ TH=| DIAIRE/SEI KAI\ E)PIDIAIRE/SEI KAI\ TH=| U(PODIAIRE/SEI, EU(RI/SKOMEN KEXRHME/NON TO\N FILO/SOFON: KE/XRHTAI ME\N GA\R TH=| DIAIRE/SEI LE/GWN <20TOU= POSOU= TO\ ME/N E)STIN SUNEXE\S TO\ DE\ DIWRISME/NON,>20 E)PIDIAIRE/SEI DE\ LE/GWN <20KAI\ TO\ ME\N E)K QE/SIN E)XO/NTWN PRO\S A)/LLHLA TW=N E)N AU)TOI=S MORI/WN SUNE/STHKEN>20 TO\ DE\ <20OU)K E)C E)XO/NTWN QE/SIN:>20 TAU=TA GA\R LE/GWN PA/LIN OU)DE\N E(/TERON POIEI= H)\ TO\ POSO\N DIAIREI= EI)S SUNEXE\S KAI\ DIWRISME/NON: LE/GWN GA\R <20TO\ ME\N E)K QE/SIN E)XO/NTWN PRO\S A)/LLHLA TW=N E)N AU)TOI=S MORI/WN SUNE/STHKEN>20 TO\ SUNEXE\S U(PAINI/TTETAI, LE/GWN DE\ <20TO\ DE\ OU)K E)C E)XO/NTWN QE/SIN>20 TO\ DIWRISME/NON DHLOI=. U(PODIAIRE/SEI DE\ KE/XRHTAI DIAIRW=N AU)TA\ TA\ TMH/MATA TOU= POSOU=, E)/NQA LE/GEI <20E)/STI DE\ DIWRISME/NON ME\N A)RIQMO\S KAI\ LO/GOS, SUNEXE\S DE\ H( GRAMMH/, E)PIFA/NEIA>20 KAI\ TA\ LOIPA/, <20E)/TI DE\ PARA\ TAU=TA XRO/NOS KAI\ TO/POS.>20 ZHTOU=MEN E)NTAU=QA DIA\ POI/AN AI)TI/AN BOULO/MENOS TO\ SUNEXE\S DIAIREI=N EI)S PE/NTE, LE/GW DH\ EI)S GRAMMH/N, E)PIFA/NEIAN, SW=MA, TO/PON, XRO/NON, TA\ ME\N TRI/A A(/MA E)DH/LWSEN, LE/GW DH\ TH\N GRAMMH\N KAI\ TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN KAI\ TO\ SW=MA, TA\ DE\ E(/TERA DU/O, TO\N TO/PON KAI\ TO\N XRO/NON, XWRI/S. TI/NOS OU)=N XA/RIN MH\ A(/MA SUNH=YE TA\ PE/NTE KAI\ A)PHRIQMH/SATO DHLONO/TI W(S E(/TERA O)/NTA; PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI EI)KO/TWS TOU=TO PEPOI/HKEN O( FILO/SOFOS: H)/|DEI GA\R O(/TI TA\ PE/NTE OU)X U(PO\ MI/AN E)PISTH/MHN A)NA/GETAI, A)LL' U(PO\ DIAFO/ROUS E)PISTH/MAS: OI(=ON TH\N ME\N GRAMMH\N KAI\ TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN KAI\ TO\ SW=MA GEWMETRI/A %2%2%2 A)LLA\ KAQO\ ME\N E)/STIN, FUSIOLOGI/A TAU=TA OI)=DEN, KAQO\ DE\ XRO/NOS E)STI\ KAI\ TO/POS, A)STRONOMI/A TAU=TA E)PI/STATAI: E)/RGON GA\R A)STRONOMI/AS TO\ GINW/SKEIN TO\N XRO/NON E)N W(=| DU/NEI TE KAI\ A)NATE/LLEI TA\ A)/STRA KAI\ PA/LIN PO/SON DIA/STHMA TO/DE TO\ A)/STRON TOU=DE DIE/STHKEN. EI)KO/TWS OU)=N W(S MH\ U(PO\ MI/AN A)NAGO/MENA TAU=TA E)PISTH/MHN OU)DE\ KOINH\N E)/LAXON A)PARI/QMHSIN. {1<20*TW=N ME\N GA\R TOU= A)RIQMOU= MORI/WN OU)DEI/S E)STI KOINO\S O(/ROS, PRO\S O(\N SUNA/PTEI TA\ MO/RIA AU)TOU=.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA BOULOME/NOU TOU= FILOSO/FOU A)PODOU=NAI O(RISMO\N SUNEXOU=S KAI\ DIWRISME/NOU KAI\ LE/GONTOS O(/TI SUNEXE/S E)STI TO\ E)/XON KOINO\N O(/RON DIW-RISME/NON DE\ TO\ MH\ E)/XON KOINO\N O(/RON, ZHTOU=MEN E)NTAU=QA EI) KALW=S O(RISMOU\S TOU/TWN A)PODE/DWKEN. KAI\ A)POROU=SI/ TINES LE/GONTES O(/TI EI) KALW=S E)/XEI O( @1 O(RISMO/S, OU) DEI= TOU=TON FQEI/REIN TO\ O(RISTO/N: EI) GA\R O( O(RISMO\S TH\N FU/SIN TOU= PRA/GMATOS PARALAMBA/NEI, O( AU)TO/S E)STI TW=| O(RISTW=|, KAQO\ TO\ ME\N O(RI/ZEI TO\ DE\ O(RI/ZETAI: PW=S OU)=N E)NTAU=QA O(RISMO\N A)PODE/DWKEN TOU= SUNEXOU=S FQEI/-RONTA TO\ SUNEXE/S; O(/TI GA\R FQEI/REI TO\ SUNEXE\S TO\ E)/XEIN KOINO\N O(/RON, DEI/-KNUMEN OU(/TWS: EI) SUNEXE/S E)STI TO\ E)/XON KOINO\N O(/RON, TO\ DE\ E)/XON O(/RON DIAIRETO/N ֆE)STI, TO\ DE\ DIH|RHME/NON OU)K E)/STIN SUNEXE/S, TO\ A)/RA SUNEXE\S W(S E)/XON O(/RON OU)K E)/STI SUNEXE/S. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ O( TOU= DIWRISME/NOU FQEI/REI TO\ DIWRISME/NON, DEI/KNUMEN E)NTEU=QEN: EI) DIWRISME/NON E)STI\ TO\ MH\ E)/XON KOINO\N O(/RON, TO\ DE\ MH\ E)/XON KOINO\N O(/RON A)DIAI/RETO/N E)STI, TO\ DE\ A)DIAI/RETON KAI\ SUNEXE/S E)STI, TO\ A)/RA DIWRISME/NON W(S MH\ E)/XON KOINO\N O(/RON SUNEXE/S E)STI. KAI\ EU(REQH/SONTAI PANTA-XO/QEN H(MI=N A)/TOPA SUNAGO/MENA. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI KOINO\N O(/RON E)NTAU=QA DUNA/MEI LHPTE/ON, KAI\ OU)K E)NERGEI/A|, I(/NA MH\ EU(REQH=| TO\ DIWRISME/NON SUNEXE\S KAI\ TO\ SUNEXE\S DIWRISME/NON. DEI= DE\ EI)DE/NAI O(/TI OU(=TOS O( KOINO\S O(/ROS POTE\ ME\N KAQ' AU(TO/N E)STI KAI\ OU)K E)/STIN ME/ROS TOU= PRA/GMATOS, O(/TE KAI\ KURI/WS LE/GETAI KOINO\S O(/ROS, POTE\ DE\ ME/ROS E)STI\ TOU= PRA/GMATOS KAI\ LE/GETAI KATA-XRHSTIKW=S KOINO\S O(/ROS, KAI\ ME/ROS ME\N OU)K E)/STI TOU= PRA/GMATOS, W(/SPER TO\ SHMEI=ON TH=S GRAMMH=S [1TOU=TO GA\R TO\ SHMEI=ON KURI/WS LE/GETAI KOINO\S O(/ROS]1, ME/ROS DE/ E)STI TOU= PRA/GMATOS, W(S O(/TAN LE/GWMEN TH\N MONA/DA ME/ROS OU)=SAN TH=S DEKA/DOS TA\ PE/NTE KAI\ PE/NTE MH\ SUNA/PTEIN. O(/TI DE\ TO\ SHMEI=ON OU)K E)/STIN ME/ROS TH=S GRAMMH=S, DEI/KNUSIN KAI\ AU)TO\S O( FILO/SOFOS E)N TOI=S *FUSIKOI=S LE/GWN O(/TI TO\ SHMEI=ON OU)K E)/STIN ME/ROS TH=S GRAMMH=S: TOU=TO GA\R H)\ OU) KINEI=TAI H)\ KINEI=TAI KAI\ POIEI= TH\N GRAMMH/N, KAI\ KINOU/MENON H)\ O(/LON E)STI\N EI)S TO\ E)C OU(= KAI\ OU) POIEI= TH\N GRAMMH/N, H)\ O(/LON E)STI\N EI)S TO\ EI)S O(/, KAI\ GE/GONEN H( GRAMMH/ [1H(MEI=S DE\ PERI\ TH=S NU=N GINOME/NHS DIALEGO/MEQA]1 H)\ TO\ ME/N E)STIN AU)TH=S EI)S TO\ EI)S O(/, TO\ DE\ EI)S TO\ E)C OU(=, KAI\ EU(REQH/SETAI TO\ SHMEI=ON MEMERISME/NON, O(/PER A)/TOPON, EI)/ GE TO\ SHMEI=ON ME/ROS OU)K E)/XEI, W(S KAI\ O( O(RISMO\S AU)TOU= DHLOI= LE/GWN "3SHMEI=O/N E)STIN OU(= ME/ROS OU)QE/N"3. {1<20*OI(=ON TA\ PE/NTE EI) E)/STI TW=N DE/KA MO/RION, PRO\S OU)DE/NA KOINO\N O(/RON SUNA/PTEI TA\ PE/NTE KAI\ TA\ PE/NTE.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA ZHTOU=MEN O(/TI DIA\ POI/AN AI)TI/AN PRO/SKEITAI TO\ <20EI) E)/STI:>20 TOU=TO GA\R SHMEI=O/N E)STIN A)MFIBA/LLONTOS O(/TI TA\ PE/NTE OU)K E)/STIN MO/RION TW=N DE/KA. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI TO\ <20EI) E)/STIN>20 PROSE/QHKEN O( FILO/SOFOS KATA\ POLLA\S AI)TI/AS: PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI DUNATO\N TO\N PE/NTE A)RIQMO\N KAQ' AU(TO\N EI)=NAI KAI\ MHKE/TI ME/ROS EI)=NAI TOU= DE/KA. DEU/TERON DE\ O(/TI OU) MO/NON TW=N DE/KA E)STI\N O( PE/NTE A)RIQMO/S, A)LLA\ KAI\ TOU= EI)/KOSI KAI\ TOU= TRIA/KONTA. TRI/TON O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN MO/NH TOMH\ TOU= DE/KA EI)S PE/NTE: DU/NATAI GA\R O( DE/KA A)RIQMO\S KAI\ EI)S I)/SA TE/MNESQAI, W(S EI)S PE/NTE KAI\ PE/NTE, KAI\ EI)S A)/NISA, W(S TRI/A KAI\ E(PTA\ KAI\ E(\C KAI\ TE/TTARA. EI) OU)=N DUNATO\N TO\N PE/NTE POLLAXH=| NOEI=SQAI, EI)KO/TWS O( FILO/SOFOS A)MFIBOLHTIKH=| PERI\ AU)TOU= E)XRH/SATO FWNH=|. @1 {1<20*(WSAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ O( LO/GOS TW=N DIWRISME/NWN E)STI/N.>20}1 @*DU/O O)/NTWN TW=N EI)DW=N TOU= DIWRISME/NOU, TOU= TE A)RIQMOU= KAI\ TOU= LO/GOU, E)PI\ ME\N TOU= A)RIQMOU= DEI/CAS O(/TI DIWRISME/NOS E)STI/N, OU)K E)DEH/QH DEI=CAI O(/TI KAI\ POSO\N PE/FUKEN, A)LLA\ TOU=TO PARE/LEIYEN W(S O(MOLOGOU/MENON PA=SIN. E)PI\ DE\ TOU= LO/GOU OU)K A)RKEI=TAI DEI=CAI MO/NON O(/TI DIWRISME/NON E)STI/N, A)LL' O(/TI KAI\ POSO/N: POSO\N ME\N GA\R LE/GOMEN TO\N LO/GON, DIO/TI KATAMETREI=TAI MAKRA=| KAI\ BRAXEI/A| SULLABH=|. A)LLA\ ZHTOU=MEN E)NTAU=QA PERI\ POI/OU DIALE/GETAI LO/GOU: O( ME\N GA/R E)STIN E)NDIA/QETOS O( DE\ PROFORIKO/S. %2%2 PERI\ OU(= TO\N LO/GON O( FILO/SOFOS POIEI=TAI. ZHTH/SWMEN KAI\ KATA\ POI=ON TRO/PON TOU= POSOU= O( LO/GOS E)STI\ POSO/N: POLLAI\ GA\R TE/XNAI A)MFISBHTOU=SI PERI\ TOU= LO/GOU KAI\ POLLAI\ TOU/TW| KE/XRHNTAI: H( ME\N GA\R GRAMMATIKH\ OI)=DEN TOU=TON W(S PA/QOS E)N NW=| ME/NON, H( DE\ LOGIKH\ SULLOGIZO/MENON, H( DE\ R(HTORIKH\ W(S KALLWPIZO/MENON, H( DE\ FUSIKH/, E)C H(=S KE/KTHTAI KAI\ H( I)ATRIKH/, OI)=DEN AU)TO\N DIA\ TW=N FWNHTIKW=N O)RGA/NWN A)POTELOU/MENON, H( DE\ MOUSIKH\ OI)=DEN TOU=TON W(S KATAMETROU/MENON MAKRA=| KAI\ BRAXEI/A| SULLABH=|: KATA\ TOU=TON OU)=N TO\N TRO/PON POSO\N EI)/RHKEN TO\N LO/GON O( FILO/SOFOS. A)LLA\ PA/LIN EI) H( BRAXEI=A E(/NA E)/XEI XRO/NON H( DE\ MAKRA\ DU/O, KATAMETREI=TAI DE\ U(PO\ E(NO\S TA\ DU/O, TI/NOS XA/RIN OU)K H)RKE/SQH MO/NON EI)PEI=N O(/TI METREI=TAI O( LO/GOS TH=| BRAXEI/A| SULLABH=|, A)LLA\ PROSE/QHKEN KAI\ TH=| MAKRA=|; PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI OU) PA=N MAKRO\N DU/O E)/XEI XRO/NOUS: TW=N GA\R MAKRW=N TA\ ME\N DU/O E)/XEI XRO/NOUS, W(/SPER TO\ KAI\ TO\ , TA\ DE\ E(/NA H(/MISUN E)/XEI XRO/NON, W(S H( DI/FQOGGOS KAI\ H( . O(/TI DE\ H( DI/FQOGGOS KAI\ H( E(NO\S H(MI/SEW/S E)STIN XRO/NOU, PRO/DHLON E)NTEU=QEN: MARTUROU=SI GA\R OI( GRAMMATIKOI\ O(/TI H(NI/KA ME\N H( DI/FQOGGOS H)\ H( E)N TE/LEI LE/CEWS EU(RI/SKETAI MO/NH A)/NEU SUMFW/NOU, PROPAROCU/NOUSI TH\N SULLABH/N, KAI/TOI E)PI\ TW=N MAKRW=N TW=N E)XO/NTWN DU/O XRO/NOUS MH\ POIOU=NTES, W(/SPER LE/GOUSI KAI\ TO\ *(/OMHROI KAI\ TO\ *KORI/NQIAI KAI\ TO\ *AI)GU/PTIAI: TAU=TA GA/R, DIO/TI E(NO\S H(MI/SEWS XRO/NOU EI)SI/N, PROPAROCU/NONTAI. EI) DE\ SUMBH=| SU/MFWNON EI)=NAI MET' AU)TW=N, TO/TE OU)KE/TI TO\N AU)TO\N TO/NON FULA/TTOUSIN, A)LLA\ PAROCU/NOUSI, W(S TOU= SUM-FW/NOU A)NAPLHROU=NTOS TO\ LEI=PON H(MIXRO/NION TH=| DIFQO/GGW|, OI(=ON "3TOI=S *KORIN-QI/OIS"3. SHMEIWTE/ON DE\ O(/TI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)NTAU=QA PA=SAN LE/CIN KAI\ SULLABH\N KAI\ PA=SAN A)/SHMON FWNH\N LO/GON E)KA/LESEN: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ H( LE/CIS KAI\ H( SULLABH\ KAI\ H( A)/SHMOS FWNH\ KATAMETREI=TAI U(PO\ BRAXEI/AS KAI\ MAKRA=S SULLABH=S. O(/TI ME\N OU)=N POUO/N E)STIN O( LO/GOS, E)NTEU=QEN E)/DEICEN O( FILO/SOFOS E)K TOU= KATAMETREI=SQAI MAKRA=| TE KAI\ BRAXEI/A| SULLABH=|: PLE/KETAI GA\R O( SULLO-GISMO\S OU(/TWS: O( LO/GOS KATAMETREI=TAI, TO\ KATAMETROU/MENON POSO/N E)STIN, O( LO/GOS A)/RA POSO/N E)STIN. O(/TI DE\ DIWRISME/NOS E)STI/, DEI/KNUSIN E)K TOU= MH\ E)/XEIN KOINO\N O(/RON TO\N SUNA/PTONTA TA\S I)DI/AS AU)TOU= SULLABA/S: TOSOU=TON GA\R DIESTH/KASIN A)P' A)LLH/LWN AI( LE/CEIS, W(S E)/RGON GENE/SQAI TOI=S GRAMMA- @1TIKOI=S DIAKRI=NAI TI/NA ME/N E)STIN A)RKTIKA/, TI/NA DE\ ME/SA, TI/NA DE\ LHKTIKA/, W(S MH\ DUNAME/NOU MH/TE TOU= ME/SOU PRW/TOU GENE/SQAI MH/TE TOU= PRW/TOU TELEUTAI/OU, {1<20*TA\ GA\R TOU= E)PIPE/DOU MO/RIA PRO/S TINA KOINO\N O(/RON SUNA/PTEI.>20}1 @*)ISTE/ON O(/TI E)PI\ TOU= E)PIPE/DOU KAI\ TH=S E)PIFANEI/AS DIHMA/RTANON OI( PALAIOI\ E(NI\ O)NO/MATI KEXRHME/NOI E)P' A)MFOTE/RWN: OU)DE\N GA\R H(GOU=NTAI DIA-FE/REIN, OU)/TE EI) TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN KALE/SOUSIN E)PI/PEDON OU)/TE EI) TO\ E)PI/PEDON E)PIFA/NEIAN. OI( DE\ NEW/TEROI GEWMETRI/A| E)PIGENO/MENOI TO\ ME\N TOU= E)PIPE/DOU O)/NOMA E)PI\ TH=S GRAMMH=S E)PIFE/ROUSI, KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N E)PI\ E(KA/STHS E)PIFA-NEI/AS E)KTETAME/NHS KAI\ I)/SA E)XOU/SHS TA\ A)/KRA, TO\ DE\ TH=S E)PIFANEI/AS O)/NOMA KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N MH\ OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN, TOU=T' E)/STIN E)KTETAME/NWN, FE/ROUSI, KAI\ KALOU=SI TH\N ME\N GRAMMH\N E)PI/PEDON TH\N DE\ E)PIFA/NEIAN TH=S KURTH=S SFAI/RAS E)PIFA/NEIAN. KAI\ SULLH/BDHN EI)PEI=N EI)/ TI ME\N E)PI/PEDON, TOU=TO KAI\ E)PIFA/NEIA, OU)K EI)/ TI DE\ E)PIFA/NEIA, TOU=TO KAI\ E)PI/PEDON. {1<20*)/ETI TA\ ME\N E)K QE/SIN E)XO/NTWN PRO\S A)/LLHLA TW=N E)N AU)TOI=S MORI/WN SUNE/STHKE TA\ DE\ OU)K E)C E)XO/NTWN QE/SIN.>20}1 @*TETRAXH=| POIEI=TAI TOU= POSOU= TH\N DIAI/RESIN O( FILO/SOFOS: DIAIREI= GA\R TO\ POSO\N EI)S SUNEXE\S KAI\ EI)S DIWRISME/NON, KAI\ EI)S TO\ E)K QE/SIN E)XO/NTWN KAI\ OU)K E)XO/NTWN QE/SIN, KAI\ EI)S TO\ KAQ' AU(TO\ KAI\ KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S, KAI\ EI)S TO\ W(RISME/NON KAI\ A)O/RISTON. KAI\ MH\ QAUMA/SH|S, EI) POLLAXW=S GE/GONEN H( DIAI/RESIS, O(/POU GE KAI\ TO\ ZW=|ON TETRAXW=S DIAIREI=SQAI/ FAMEN, E)/K TE TOU= TO/POU TH=S DIAGWGH=S KAI\ E)K TOU= XRO/NOU TH=S ZWH=S KAI\ E)K TH=S FRONH/SEWS KAI\ E)K TOU= TRO/POU TH=S DIORGANW/SEWS. KAI\ TAU/TH| KOINWNEI= TO\ POSO\N TW=| ZW/|W| TO\ TETRAXW=S DIAIREI=SQAI. TOU=TO DE\ GI/NETAI, O(/TI H( PRW/TH DIAI/RESIS OU)K E)CISXU/EI PA/SAS TA\S TOU= PRA/GMATOS DIALABEI=N DIAFORA/S. DIALEXQEI\S ؈TOI/NUN PERI\ TH=S PRW/THS DIAIRE/SEWS E)PI\ TH\N DEUTE/RAN METABAI/NEI LOIPO\N KAI/ FHSIN O(/TI TOU= POSOU= TO\ ME\N E)/XEI QE/SIN TO\ DE\ OU)K E)/XEI QE/SIN. A)LLA\ DEI= E)PI\ TW=N QE/SIN E)XO/NTWN TA\ TRI/A TAU=TA SUNDRAMEI=N, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ E)/N TINI EI)=NAI, TO\ SUNEXE\S EI)=NAI, TO\ DEI/CEI U(POPI/PTEIN, W(S EI)/ TI E(\N TOU/TWN A)POLHF-QEI/H, OU)KE/TI LE/GETAI QE/SIN E)/XEIN TO\ TOIOU=TON PRA=GMA: OI(=ON O( XRO/NOS KAI\ E)/N TINI/ E)STI KAI\ SUNEXH/S E)STIN, A)LLA\ DIO/TI DEI/CEI OU)X U(POPI/PTEI, OU) LE/GETAI QE/SIN E)/XEIN. PA/LIN TO\ LEUKO\N KAI\ DEI/CEI U(POPI/PTEI KAI\ E)/N TINI/ E)STI, DIO/TI DE\ MH/ E)STI SUNEXE/S, OU)DE\ TOU=TO LE/GETAI QE/SIN E)/XEIN. H( DE\ E(TE/RA SUZUGI/A OU) SUNI/STATAI: A)DU/NATON GA\R PRA=GMA KAI\ DEI/CEI U(POPI/PTON KAI\ SUNEXE\S O)\N MH\ KAI\ E)/N TINI EI)=NAI. O(/TI DE\ TO\ DEI/CEI U(POPI/PTON KAI\ TO\ SUNEXE\S E)/XEI TO\ E)/N TINI EI)=NAI, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: EI) TO\ SUNEXE\S TOU= POSOU=, TO\ DE\ POSO\N SUM- @1BEBHKO/S, TO\ DE\ SUMBEBHKO\S E)/N TINI, KAI\ TO\ SUNEXE\S A)/RA E)/N TINI. KAI\ O( ME\N FILO/SOFOS PERI\ TW=N QE/SIN E)XO/NTWN TOU\S TREI=S TOU/TOUS A)PODE/DWKE MO/NOUS PROSDIWRISMOU/S, H(MEI=S DE\ SUNTOMW/TERO/N FAMEN O(/TI "3TAU=TA QE/SIN E)/XEI, W(=N TA\ ME/RH A)NAME/NEI A)/LLHLA"3, E)/TI SUNTOMW/TERON "3QE/SIN E)/XEIN LE/GONTAI TA\ MEGE/QH"3: OI(=ON H( GRAMMH\ KAI\ H( E)PIFA/NEIA KAI\ TO\ SW=MA KAI\ O( TO/POS QE/SIN E)/XEI, DIO/TI MEGE/QH EI)SI\N KAI\ TA\ ME/RH E)/XEI A)NAME/NONTA A)/LLHLA, A)RIQMO\S DE\ KAI\ LO/GOS KAI\ XRO/NOS OU)K E)/XEI QE/SIN, DIO/TI OU)/TE MEGE/QH EI)SI\N OU)/TE TA\ ME/RH TOU/TWN A)NAME/NEI A)/LLHLA. O( TOI/NUN A)RIQMO\S DITTO/S E)STIN, O( ME\N A)RIQMW=N O( DE\ A)RIQMOU/MENOS. KAI\ O( ME\N A)RIQMOU/MENOS LE/GETAI QE/SIN E)/XEIN [1TOU/TOU GA\R TA\ ME/RH A)NAME/NEI A)/LLHLA]1, O( DE\ A)RIQMW=N, PERI\ OU(= NU=N H(MI=N O( LO/GOS, OU)/TE TA\ ME/RH E)/XEI A)NAME/NONTA A)/LLHLA KAI\ POSO/N E)STIN. H(MEI=S DE/, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, PERI\ TOU= METROU=NTOS DIALEGO/MEQA KAI\ OU) PERI\ TOU= METROU-ME/NOU: O( GA\R METROU/MENOS U(PO\ TAU/THN A)NA/GETAI TH\N KATHGORI/AN, U(F' H(\N KAI\ TA\ A)RIQMOU/MENA PRA/GMATA. A)LLA\ A)POROU=SIN EU)QE/WS LE/GONTES O(/TI KAI\ O( XRO/NOS KAI\ O( LO/GOS QE/SIN E)/XEI, DIO/TI QEWREI=TAI E)N TOU/TOIS TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON, KAI\ E)/TI ME/NTOI GE E)N TW=| A)RIQMW=|: E)N ME\N GA\R TW=| A)RIQMW=| E)STI TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON, W(S H( MONA/S E)STIN PRW=TON TH=S DUA/DOS, E)N DE\ TW=| LO/GW| TO\ PROOI/MION PRO\ TH=S DIHGH/SEWS KAI\ AU(/TH PRO\ TW=N A)GW/NWN, KAI\ OU(=TOI PRO\ TW=N E)PILO/GWN, E)N DE\ TW=| XRO/NW|, O(/TI META\ TO\ QE/ROS OU)X H( TUXOU=SA/ E)STI TROPH/, A)LLA\ TO\ FQINO/PWRON. TOU/TOU GOU=N XA/RIN TAU=TA LE/GOUSIN E)/XEIN QE/SIN, DIO/TI QEWREI=TAI E)N AU)TOI=S TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI TAU=TA QE/SIN OU)K E)/XEI, A)LLA\ MA=LLON TA/CIN. OU) TAU)TO\N DE/ E)STI TO\ E)/XEIN TA/CIN KAI\ QE/SIN: E)PI\ PLE/ON GA/R E)STIN H( TA/CIS: EI)/ TI ME\N GA\R TA/CIN E)/XEI, TOU=TO KAI\ QE/SIN, OU)K EI)/ TI DE\ QE/SIN E)/XEI, H)/DH KAI\ TA/CIN E)/XEI. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TH=S DEUTE/RAS DIAIRE/SEWS. @*)EFECH=S DE\ PA/LIN E)PI\ TH\N TRI/THN ME/TEISIS O( FILO/SOFOS LE/GWN "3TOU= POSOU= TO\ ME\N KAQ' AU(TO\ TO\ DE\ KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S"3. KAI\ I(/NA DE\ TA\ KAQ' AU(TA\ E)K TW=N KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S DIORI/SWMEN, KEXRH/MEQA KANO/NI TOIOU/TW|: W(=N TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N KAI\ TO\ POLU\ KAI\ O)LI/GON KAQ' AU(TA\ KATHGOREI=TAI, TAU=TA KAQ' AU(TA\ KAI\ KURI/WS POSA/ E)STIN, W(=N DE\ TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N KAI\ TO\ POLU\ KAI\ TO\ O)LI/GON KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S KATHGOREI=TAI, TAU=TA KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S POSA/ E)STIN: OI(=ON TO\ LEUKO\N KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S LE/GETAI EI)=NAI POSO/N: OU)K AU)TO\ GA\R TO\ LEUKO/N E)STIN POSO/N, A)LLA\ TO\ U(POKEI/MENON TW=| LEUKW=|: PRO\S GA\R TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN TOU= SW/MATOS, E)N W(=| E)STI TO\ LEUKO/N, OU(/TW LE/GOMEN KAI\ POSO\N TO\ LEUKO/N. OU(/TWS KAI\ TO\N *TRWI+KO\N PO/LEMON POSO\N LE/GOMEN KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S: DIA\ GA\R TO\N U(POKEI/MENON XRO/NON TO\N DEKAETH= POLU\S LE/GETAI EI)=NAI. A)LLA\ A)POROU=SI/ TINES O(/TI EI) TAU=TA OU(/TWS E)/XEI, DIA\ TI/ MH\ KAI\ TO\N LO/GON KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S LE/GOMEN EI)=NAI POSO/N: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ OU(=TOS DIA\ TH\N PARE/KTASIN TOU= XRO/NOU, E)N W(=| E)KFWNEI=TAI, LE/GETAI POLU\S EI)=NAI LO/GOS. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI OU) DIA\ TOU=TO LE/GETAI POLU\S KAI\ MAKRO/S, A)LLA\ KAQ' E(AUTO/N E)STIN ME/GAS. O(/QEN EI) BOULHQEI/HMEN MAKRO\N E)KFWNH=SAI, @1 PLE/ON DIASTE/LLOMEN TH\N A)RTHRI/AN KAI\ E)MPI/PLATAI PLEI/ONOS PNEU/MATOS, EI) DE\ TO\ E)NANTI/ON BRAXU/ TI KAI\ MIKRO\N E)KFWNH=SAI QE/LWMEN, OU)X O(MOI/WS OU)/TE H( A)RTHRI/A DIASTE/LLETAI OU)/TE PA/LIN PLHROU=TAI PNEU/MATOS. KALW=S OU)=N OU) LE/GOMEN TO\N LO/GON KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S EI)=NAI POSO/N, A)LLA\ KAQ' AU(TO/N, W(S E)DEI/CAMEN. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TH=S TRI/THS DIAIRE/SEWS. ME/TEISI DE\ LOIPO\N E)PI\ TH\N TETA/RTHN DIAI/RESIN O( FILO/SOFOS, OU)K A)ME/SWS, A)LLA\ PARADI/DWSIN I)/DION TOU= POSOU= LO/GON, O(/TI I)/DIO/N E)STI TOU= POSOU= TO\ MHDE\N E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON, KAI\ E)K TOU/TOU W(/SPER PO/RISMA/ TI A)NAFAI/NETAI H( TETA/RTH DIAI/RESIS H( LE/GOUSI O(/TI TOU= POSOU= TO\ ME/N E)STIN O(RISTO\N TO\ DE\ A)O/RISTON, KAI\ O(RISTO\N ME\N W(S TA\ E(PTA\ EI)/DH, OI(=ON GRAMMH/, E)PIFA/NEIA, SW=MA, TO/POS, XRO/NOS, LO/GOS, A)RIQMO/S, A)O/RISTON DE\ TO/ TE ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO/N, POLU\ KAI\ O)LI/GON. @*)ALLA\ KAI\ E)NTAU=QA GENO/MENOI/ TINES KAI\ TH\N LE/CIN BASANI/SANTES A)POROU=SI DU/O TINA\S A)PORI/AS, PRW/THN ME\N O(/TI TI/NOS XA/RIN PRW=TON I)/DION BOULO/MENOS A)PODOU=NAI TOU= POSOU= O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS EI)=PEN <20E)/TI DE\ I)/DION TOU= POSOU= LE/GETAI TO\ MHDE\N E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON,>20 DIA\ TI/ TO\ <20E)/TI>20 PROSE/QHKEN MHDENO\S EI)RHME/NOU I)DI/OU: TOU=TO GA\R TO\ PRO/SRHMA EI)/WQEN E)PI/ TISIN PROEIRHME/NOIS LE/GESQAI, E)NTAU=QA DE\ OU)DE\N I)/DION A)PODE/DWKE PRO\ TOU/TOU TOU= I)DI/OU: OU)K A)/RA KALW=S E)/GKEITAI TOU=TO TO\ PRO/SRHMA. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI OU) MA/THN O( FILO/SOFOS TE/QEIKEN TOU=TO: EI) GA\R KAI\ MH\ FANERW=S EI)=PEN E(/TERON I)/DION TOU= POSOU=, A)LL' OU)=N LELHQO/TWS E)/LEGEN A)/NW I)/DION EI)=NAI TOU= POSOU= TA\ KATA-METREI=SQAI, O(/POU E)/LEGE TO\N LO/GON POSO\N O)/NTA KATAMETREI=SQAI BRAXEI/A| KAI\ MAKRA=| SULLABH=|. KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N H( PRW/TH A)PORI/A TE KAI\ E)PI/LUSIS. DEUTE/RAN DE\ A)PORI/AN PA/LIN PROFE/ROUSI LE/GONTES O(/TI EI) A)/NW PERI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS DIALEGO/-MENOS E)/LEGEN I)/DION EI)=NAI TAU/THS TO\ MHDE\N E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON, DIA\ TI/ FILOSU/N-TOMOS W)\N O( FILO/SOFOS TO\ AU)TO\ I)/DION PA/LIN U(F' E(TE/RAN KATHGORI/AN A)NH/-GAGEN. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI OU) MO/NON E)PEIDH/PER TO\ I)/DION DU/O TINA\ BOU/LETAI E)/XEIN, TO/ TE MO/NW| E)FARMO/ZEIN KAI\ TO\ PANTI/, E)KEI= ME\N A)NAGAGW\N TO\ MHDE\N E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON U(PO\ TH\N OU)SI/AN E)/DEICEN O(/TI OU) MO/NH| U(PA/RXEI OU)/TE TH=| OU)SI/A| OU)/TE TW=| POSW=|, EI)/ GE A)MFOTE/RAIS E)FARMO/ZEI, E)NTAU=QA DE\ OU) PERI\ TOU= EI) MO/NW| TW=| POSW=| U(PA/RXEI H)\ MH\ MO/NW| PRO/KEITAI AU)TW=| DIALABEI=N, A)LL' EI) A)/RA PANTI\ U(PA/RXEI KAI\ OU) PANTI/. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, OU)DE\N MA/THN EI)/RHTAI TW=| FILOSO/FW|, A)LLA\ TEXNIKW=S POIW=N U(PO\ TO\ POSO\N A)NH/GAGEN TOU=TO TO\ I)/DION, ZHTW=N EI) PANTI\ U(PA/RXEI KAI\ EI) MH\ PANTI/. A)/LLWS DE\ H(MEI=S TH=S SUNTOMI/AS QAUMA/SOMEN TO\N FILO/SOFON, DIO/TI MH\ W(/SPER E)N TH=| OU)SI/A| E)PEIRA/QH DEI=CAI EI) MO/NW| U(PA/RXEI KAI\ PANTI/, OU(/TW KAI\ E)NTAU=QA: E)NTAU=QA GA\R PEIRA=TAI, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, A)PODEI=CAI EI) PANTI\ U(PA/RXEI KAI\ EI) MH\ PANTI/, PARALEI/YAS TO\ MH\ MO/NW| KAI\ MO/NW| E)K TW=N LEGOME/NWN E)N TH=| PERI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS DIDASKALI/A|. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS. @1 {1<20[2*QEWRI/A KB#.]2>20}1 {1<20*)/ETI TO\ ME\N E)K QE/SIN E)XO/NTWN PRO\S A)/LLHLA TW=N E)N AU)TOI=S @MORI/WN SUNE/STHKEN, TO\ DE\ OU)K E)C E)XO/NTWN QE/SIN.>20}1 @*KALW=S OU)K EI)=PEN O( FILO/SOFOS PERI\ TOU= POSOU= O(/TI TO\ ME\N QE/SIN E)/XEI TO\ DE\ OU)K E)/XEI QE/SIN, I(/NA TH\N FEROME/NHN A)PORI/AN E)KFU/GH|: EI) GA\R EI)=PEN QE/SIN, H)PO/RHSEN A)/N TIS LE/GWN O(/TI O( TO/POS QE/SIN E)/XEI, TO\ DE\ QE/SIN E)/XON ۇE)N TO/PW|, O( TO/POS A)/RA E)N TO/PW|, O(/PER A)/TOPON. I(/NA DE\ TH\N A)PORI/AN KAI\ TH\N E)PI/LUSIN DHMOSIEU/SWMEN, EI)/PWMEN OU(/TWS: H( QE/SIS DITTH/, H( ME\N TW=N MERW=N A)LLHLOUXI/A EI)S TO\ O(/LON, H( DE\ TOU= O(/LOU E)/N TINI E(TE/RW| E)/CWQEN O)/NTI. DIA\ TOU=TO OU)=N OU)K EI)=PEN "3QE/SIN E)/XEIN"3, I(/NA MH\ H(MEI=S DIAMA/RTWMEN KAI\ TO\ SHMAINO/MENON E)KEI=NO NOH/SWMEN TO\ LE/GON QE/SIN EI)=NAI TH\N TOU= O(/LOU E)N E(TE/RW| E)/CWQEN O)/NTI. NUNI\ DE\ PROSQEI\S TH\N <20E)C>20 PRO/QESIN E)SH/MANEN O(/TI PERI\ TW=N MERW=N TOU= O(/LOU DIALE/GETAI. {1<20*OI(=ON TA\ ME\N TH=S GRAMMH=S MO/RIA QE/SIN E)/XEI PRO\S A)/LLHLA: E(/KASTON GA\R KEI=TAI/ POU.>20}1 @*OU)K E)LE/GOMEN E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| O(/TI I(/NA GE/NHTAI TA\ QE/SIN E)/XONTA, DEI= SUNDRAMEI=N TRI/A TINA\ PRO\S GE/NESIN TOU/TWN, PRW=TON ME\N TO\ E)/N TINI EI)=NAI, DEU/TERON [2TO\]2 DEI/CEI U(POPI/PTEIN, TRI/TON TO\ SUNEXE\S EI)=NAI; TAU=TA TOU= FILOSO/FOU LE/GONTOS A)/KOUE: FHSI\N GA\R O(/TI <20E(/KASTON AU)TW=N KEI=TAI/ POU,>20 I(/NA SHMA/NH| [2TO\]2 E)/N TINI, <20KAI\ E)/XOIS A)\N DIALABEI=N KAI\ A)PODOU=NAI POU= E(/KASTON KEI=TAI,>20 I(/NA TO\ DEI/CEI U(POPI/PTON DHLW/SH|, TRI/TON PA/LIN E)PH/GAGEN <20KAI\ PRO\S POI=ON MO/RION TW=N LOIPW=N SUNA/PTEI,>20 I(/NA TO\ SUNEXE\S U(PAINI/CHTAI. {1<20*KAI\ TA\ TOU= STEREOU= DE\ W(SAU/TWS KAI\ TA\ TOU= TO/POU.>20}1 @*KALW=S OU)K EI)=PE SW=MA A)LLA\ <20STEREO/N,>20 I(/NA TH\N EI)RHME/NHN TH=| PROTE-RAI/A| A)PORI/AN E)KFU/GH| TH\N LE/GOUSAN O(/TI TI/NOS XA/RIN TO\ SW=MA U(PO\ TH\N OU)SI/AN A)NAXQE\N U(PO\ TO\ POSO\N PA/LIN A)NH/GAGEN: OI( GA\R MAQHMATIKOI\ SW=MA OU)K E)KA/LOUN TO\ E)/XON A(PLW=S TA\S TREI=S DIASTA/SEIS, A)LLA\ TO\ STEREO/N. {1<20*OU)DE\ TA\ TOU= XRO/NOU: U(POME/NEI GA\R OU)DE\N TW=N TOU= XRO/NOU MORI/WN.>20}1 @*OU) GA\R DITTH\N EI)RGA/SATO TH\N DIAI/RESIN; POTE\ ME\N GA\R SUNAPTOME/NHN TOI=S TE/TRASIN EI)/DESIN TOU= SUNEXOU=S E)POI/HSEN TH\N %2%2%2 @1 {1<20*KURI/WS DE\ POSA\ MO/NA TAU=TA LE/GETAI TA\ EI)RHME/NA.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN E)PI\ TH\N TRI/THN DIAI/RESIN METABE/BHKEN, TH/N TE KAQ' AU(TO\ KAI\ KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S, KAI/ FHSIN O(/TI KAQ' AU(TA\ POSA/ E)STI TA\ EI)RHME/NA, OI(=ON E)PIFA/NEIA, GRAMMH/, SW=MA, TO/POS, KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S DE\ POSA\ OI(=ON TO\ LEUKO\N KAI\ O( XRO/NOS. {1<20*TW=| DE\ POSW=| OU)DE/N E)STIN E)NANTI/ON: E)PI\ ME\N GA\R TW=N A)FW-RISME/NWN FANERO\N O(/TI OU)DE/N E)STIN E)NANTI/ON, OI(=ON TW=| DIPH/XEI H)\ TRIPH/XEI H)\ TH=| E)PIFANEI/A| H)\ TOIOU/TW| TINI/: OU)DENI\ GA\R AU)TW=N E)STI/ TI E)NANTI/ON, EI) MH\ TO\ POLU\ TW=| O)LI/GW| FAI/H TIS EI)=NAI E)NANTI/ON H)\ TO\ ME/GA TW=| MIKRW=|. TOU/TWN DE\ OU)DE/N E)STIN POSO\N A)LLA\ PRO/S TI.>20}1 @*)APODOU\S O( FILO/SOFOS I)/DION EI)=NAI TOU= POSOU= TO\ MHDE\N E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON KAI\ GIGNW/SKWN E)K TW=N PERI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS LO/GWN OU) MO/NW| TOU=TO U(PA/RXEIN TW=| POSW=|, BOU/LETAI NU=N E)NTAU=QA ZHTH=SAI EI) PANTI\ U(PA/RXEI POSW=| H)\ OU) PANTI/ [TOU=TO DE\ DHLONO/TI]. KAI\ PRW=TON ME\N SUNHGO/REI O(/TI OU) PANTI\ TW=| POSW=| U(PA/RXEI, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ H( SUNHGORI/A KE/XRHTAI TW=| TE MIKRW=| KAI\ TW=| MEGA/LW| KAI\ TW=| POLLW=| KAI\ TW=| O)LI/GW|, FE/RE TOU/TWN TW=N O)NOMA/TWN SAFH/-NEIAN POIHSW/MEQA. DITTOU= OU)=N EI)/DOUS O)/NTOS TOU= POSOU=, W(S EI)/RHTAI, TOU= ME\N SUNEXOU=S TOU= DE\ DIWRISME/NOU, E)PI\ ME\N TOU= SUNEXOU=S FE/RETAI TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO/N, E)PI\ DE\ TOU= DIWRISME/NOU TO\ POLU\ KAI\ TO\ O)LI/GON. TO\ DE\ E)/LATTON FE/RETAI KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= SUNEXOU=S KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= DIWRISME/NOU, KAI\ DIO/TI ME\N A)NTI/KEITAI TW=| KOLOBW=|, FE/RETAI E)PI\ TOU= SUNEXOU=S, DIO/TI DE\ A)NTI/KEITAI TW=| PLEI/ONI, FE/RETAI E)PI\ TOU= DIWRISME/NOU. A)LLA\ A)POROU=SI/ TINES H(MI=N EU)QE/WS DU/O TINA\S A)PORI/AS, PRW=TON ME\N LE/GONTES O(/TI EI) TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N E)PI\ TOU= SUNEXOU=S FE/RETAI TO\ DE\ POLU\ KAI\ O)LI/GON E)PI\ TOU= DIWRISME/NOU, PW=S TO\ U(/DWR SUNEXE\S O)\N LE/GOMEN POLU/. PRO\S TAU/THN TH\N A)PORI/AN DU/O TINA\S E)PILU/SEIS PROFE/ROMEN LE/GONTES, MI/AN ME\N O(/TI TO\ U(/DWR POLU\ LE/GETAI, H)\ DIO/TI TH=| E)PINOI/A| DIAIREI=TAI EI)S KA/DOUS H)\ DIO/TI E(/TOIMO/N E)STIN PRO\S DIAI/RESIN, W(S A)NWTE/RW E)LE/GOMEN. DEUTE/RA A)PORI/A: TI/NOS XA/RIN TO\N XRO/NON SUNEXH= O)/NTA POLU\N LE/GOMEN TW=| TOU= DIWRISME/NOU O)NO/MATI; KAI\ PROBALLO/MEQA PA/LIN TH\N AU)TH\N KAI\ E)PI\ TAU/THS TH=S A)PORI/AS LU/SIN, LE/GONTES O(/TI DUNATO\N KAI\ TO\N XRO/NON E)N E)PINOI/A| DIAIREI=N EI)S E)NIAUTOU/S, H(ME/RAS TE KAI\ E(BDOMA/DAS KAI\ MH=NAS KAI\ W(/RAS. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TA\S A)PORI/AS E)PELUSA/MEQA, FE/RE ZHTH/-SWMEN TI/S H( AI)TI/A TH=S A)POKLHRW/SEWS TOU= LE/GESQAI ME\N TO\ SUNEXE\S TOI=S O)NO/MASI TOU= DIWRISME/NOU TO\ DE\ DIWRISME/NON MHKE/TI TOI=S O)NO/MASI TOU= SUNEXOU=S. FAME\N TOI/NUN O(/TI E)PEIDH\ TA\ SUNEXH= DUNATO\N KAI\ DIWRISME/NA @1 EI)=NAI, TA\ DE\ DIWRISME/NA OU)DE/POTE EI)=NAI SUNEXH=. DIA\ TOU=TO TA\ ME\N DE/XETAI TH\N O)NOMASI/AN TOU= E(TE/ROU TA\ DE\ OU) DE/XETAI. @*)ALL' E)PEIDH\ TA\ TW=N O)NOMA/TWN I(KANW=S H(MI=N PEPOLUPRAGMO/NHTAI, FE/RE E)PI\ TO\ E)C A)RXH=S A)NADRA/MWMEN AU)TH\N TH\N SUNHGORI/AN *)ARISTOTE/LOUS PERI-QE/MENOI E)N ME/SW|. LE/GEI TOI/NUN O(/TI OU) PANTI\ POSW=| U(PA/RXEI TO\ MHDE\N E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON DIA\ TO\ MH/TE PANTI\ SUNEXEI= TOU=TO U(PA/RXEIN MH/TE PANTI\ DIWRISME/NW|: I)DOU\ GA\R TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N E)PI\ TOU= SUNEXOU=S FERO/MENON E)NANTI/ON E)STI/, KAI\ TO\ POLU\ KAI\ TO\ O)LI/GON E)PI\ TOU= DIWRISME/NOU FERO/MENON E)NANTI/ON E)STI/N. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, OU)K E)/RRWTAI TO\ A)PODOQE\N I)/DION TOU= POSOU=. TAU/THN TH\N SUNH-GORI/AN PROQE/MENOS KAI\ TH\N LU/SIN AU)TH=S E)PA/GEI DI' E)NSTA/SEWS KAI\ A)NTI-PARASTA/SEWS. W(=N H( E)NSTA/SIS TOIAU/THN E)/XEI A)GWGH/N. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ I)/DION E)NSTA/SEWS TO\ MHDEMI/AN XW/RAN DIDO/NAI TH=| A)PORI/A| A)LL' EU)QE/WS E)K BA/QRWN TAU/THN A)NELEI=N, TOU=TO KA)NTAU=QA POIEI=: EU)QE/WS GA/R FHSIN O(/TI TAU=TA OU)DE\ POSA/ E)STIN: TA\ GA\R POSA\ KAQ' AU(TA/ E)STI, TA\ PROEIRHME/NA OU)/K EI)SIN KAQ' AU(TA/, TA\ PROEIRHME/NA A)/RA OU)/K EI)SIN POSA/. KAI\ PO/QEN TOU=TO O(/TI TA\ POSA\ KAQ' AU(TA/ E)STI; TOU=TO E)/STIN PISTW/SASQAI E)K TH=S E)NARGEI/AS: DI' OU)DE\N GA\R E(/TERON OU)/TE TH\N GRAMMH\N OU)/TE TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN OU)/TE TO\ SW=MA OU)/TE TO\N TO/PON POSA\ LE/GOMEN EI)=NAI, EI) MH\ O(/TI KAQ' AU(TA/ EI)SIN POSA/, KAI\ OU) DI' A)/LLO, O(PO/TE KAI\ TO\ LEUKO\N KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S E)LE/GOMEN EI)=NAI POSO/N. PO/QEN DE\ DH=LON O(/TI TAU=TA OU)K E)/STI KAQ' AU(TA/; FAME\N O(/TI EI) H)=SAN KAQ' AU(TA/, OU)K A)\N TO\ ME/GA E)LE/GOMEN MIKRO\N OU)/TE TO\ MIKRO\N ME/GA, OU)/TE PA/LIN TO\ POLU\ O)LI/GON OU)/TE TO\ O)LI/GON POLU/. NUNI\ DE\ KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N ME/GA LE/GOMEN KAI\ TO\ ME/GA MIKRO/N: I)DOU\ GA\R TO\ ME\N O)/ROS ME/GA O)\N MIKRO\N LE/GOMEN PRO\S E(/TERON O)/ROS AU)TO\ PARABA/LLONTES. O(MOI/WS PA/LIN KAI\ TH\N MEGA/LHN KE/GXRON, TOU= O)/ROUS PA/NU MIKROTA/THN U(PA/RXOUSAN, MEGA/LHN TAU/THN LE/GOMEN PRO\S TA\ O(MOGENH= A)FORW=NTES. O(MOI/WS OU)=N KAI\ TO\ POLU\ LE/GOMEN O)LI/GON KAI\ TO\ O)LI/GON POLU/: I)DOU\ GA\R TOU\S E)N TH=| PO/LEI O)LI/GOUS O)/NTAS POLLOU\S LE/GOMEN, A)FORW=NTES PRO\S TOU\S E)N TH=| OI)KI/A|. O(/TI DE\ TAU=TA OU)/K EI)SIN E)NANTI/A, DEI/KNUMEN E)K TESSA/RWN TINW=N E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, W(=N TO\ PRW=TO/N E)STI TOIOU=TON: SKOPH/SWMEN TO\ I)/DION TW=N E)NANTI/WN KAI\ TO\ I)/DION TW=N PRO/S TI, KAI\ O(\ DA)\N I)/DION A(RMO/ZEI TOU/TOIS TOI=S O)NO/MASI, LEKTE/ON: I)/DIO/N E)STI TW=N PRO/S TI TO\ SUNUPA/RXEIN TE A)LLH/LOIS KAI\ SUNAPA/GESQAI, I)/DION DE\ TW=N E)NANTI/WN TO\ MH/TE SUNUPA/RXEIN MH/TE SUNUFI/STASQAI A)LLH/LOIS. EI) OU)=N TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N KAI\ TO\ POLU\ KAI\ TO\ O)LI/GON TO\ I)/DION E)/XEI TW=N PRO/S TI [1TAU=TA GA\R A(/MA LE/GETAI: TO\ GA\R ME/GA TINO/S E)STIN ME/GA, MIKROU= DHLONO/TI, KAI\ TO\ POLU\ O(MOI/WS TINO/S E)STIN POLU/, O)LI/GOU DHLONO/TI: KAI\ A(/MA DE\ SUNUFI/STANTAI: DUNATO\N GA/R, W(S E)DEI/-CAMEN, TO\ AU)TO\ EI)=NAI ME/GA KAI\ MIKRO/N]1, TO\ DE\ I)/DION TW=N E)NANTI/WN OU)K E)/XOUSI [1SUNUFI/STANTAI GA\R KAI\ SUNUPA/RXOUSI, KAI/TOI TW=N E)NANTI/WN [TW=N] OU)X OU(/TW BOULOME/NWN]1, OU)K A)/RA TAU=TA E)NANTI/A E)STI/N, A)LLA\ PRO/S TI. ݈DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N KAI\ TO\ POLU\ KAI\ TO\ O)LI/GON E)NANTI/A EI)SI/N, E)/TI DE\ TO\ ME/GA E)K POLLW=N MIKRW=N SU/GKEITAI, EU(REQH/SETAI/ @1 TI E)C E)NANTI/WN SUGKEI/MENON, O(/PER E)STI\N A)DU/NATON. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ TA\ ME\N E)NANTI/A FQARTIKA/ EI)SIN, TA\ DE\ ME/RH SUSTATIKA\ TOU= O(/LOU, TAU=TA DE\ U(PEQE/-MEQA E)C E)NANTI/WN EI)=NAI, SUMBH/SETAI TO\ FQARTIKO\N SUSTATIKO\N GINO/MENON E)NTAU=QA, O(/PER A)/TOPON. O( AU)TO\S DE\ LO/GOS KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= POLLOU= KAI\ O)LI/GOU. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N KAI\ TO\ POLU\ KAI\ O)LI/GON E)NANTI/A E)STI/N, E)PEI\ DUNATO\N TO\ AU)TO\ PRA=GMA, W(S E)DEI/CAMEN, KATA\ TO\N AU)TO\N XRO/NON KAI\ ME/GA EI)=NAI KAI\ MIKRO\N PRO\S A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO, W(/SPER KE/GXRON LE/GOMEN PRO\S ME\N TA\ O(MOGENH= MEGA/LHN PRO\S DE\ TO\ O)/ROS MIKRA/N, EU(REQH/SETAI TO\ MIKRO/N, EI) TU/XOI, H)\ TO\ ME/GA DUNA/MENON E)N TW=| AU)TW=| XRO/NW| E(\N E(/KASTON E)N PANTI\ PRA/GMATI TW=N E)NANTI/WN DEKTIKO/N. TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N KAI\ TO\ POLU\ KAI\ O)LI/GON E)NANTI/A KATA\ TO\N AU)TO\N XRO/NON, EU(REQH/SETAI/ TI E(AUTW=| E)NANTI/ON, O(/PER A)/TOPON. @*(HMW=N OU)=N DIA\ TESSA/RWN E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN DEICA/NTWN O(/TI TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N KAI\ TO\ POLU\ KAI\ TO\ O)LI/GON OU)K E)/STIN E)NANTI/A, PW=S O( *PLWTI=NO/S FHSI KAI\ AU)TO\S DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)N TOI=S *META\ FUSIKA\ TO\ MIKRO\N KAI\ TO\ ME/GA E)NANTI/A EI)=NAI; FAME\N OU)=N O(/TI A)MFO/TEROI OI( LO/GOI KAQESTH/KASIN A)LHQEI=S: E)N ME\N GA\R DU/O U(POKEIME/NOIS O)/NTA TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N OU)/K EI)SIN E)NANTI/A A)LLA\ PRO/S TI: EI) GA\R TAU=TA E)N DU/O U(POKEIME/NOIS, TA\ DE\ E)NANTI/A PERI\ E(\N U(POKEI/MENON MA/XONTAI, DH=LON O(/TI TAU=TA OU)K E)/STI E)NANTI/A. O(/TE ME\N OU)=N EI)SIN E)N DU/O U(POKEIME/NOIS, OU)/K EI)SIN E)NANTI/A A)LLA\ PRO/S TI. O(/TE DE\ E)N E(NI\ U(PO-KEIME/NW| QEWROU=NTAI, TOU=T' E)/STIN AU)/CHSIS O)/NTA KAI\ MEI/WSIS, TO/TE E)NANTI/A E)STI/N: E)/STIN GA\R O(/ROS ME\N TH=S AU)CH/SEWS TO\ ME/GA, O(/ROS DE\ TH=S MEIW/SEWS TO\ MIKRO/N. TAU=TA TOI/NUN E)NANTI/A E)STI/N, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ [2H(]2 AU)/CHSIS TH=| MEIW/SEI E)NANTI/A: H( GA\R AU)/CHSIS KAI\ H( MEI/WSIS O(DO/S E)STIN E)PI\ TO\ MIKRO/N TE KAI\ ME/GA: W(=N DE\ AI( O(DOI\ E)NANTI/AI, TOU/TWN KAI\ TA\ PE/RATA E)NANTI/A: TO\ A)/RA [TO\] MIKRO\N KAI\ TO\ ME/GA E)NANTI/A EI)SI\N W(S PE/RATA O)/NTA AU)CH/SEWS KAI\ MEIW/SEWS. TI/ OU)=N OU) DUNATO\N A)LHQEU/EIN TO\N PROKEI/MENON LO/GON; FAME\N O(/TI NAI/, OU)X H(=TTON DE\ KAI\ TO\N E)N TH=| *META\ TA\ FUSIKA\ EI)RHMENO/N: TO\ GA\R ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO/N, W(S EI)/RHTAI, E)N E(NI\ U(POKEIME/NW| O)/NTA OU)/K EI)SIN E)NANTI/A: TO\ GA\R ME/GEQOS TOU= MIKROU= TW=| MEGE/QEI TOU= MEGA/LOU OU)K A)NTI/KEITAI. A)LL' EI) A)/RA H( E)N TOU/TOIS QEWROUME/NH AU)/CHSIS TH=| MEIW/SEI E)NANTI/A E)STI/N: H( DE\ AU)/CHSIS KAI\ MEI/WSIS OU)K E)/STI POSO\N A)LLA\ POIO/N, W(S DEIXQH/SETAI E)N TOI=S PERI\ TOU= POIOU= LO/GOIS: E)N POIOI=S A)/RA H( E)NANTI/WSIS KAI\ OU)K E)N POSOI=S. H( DE\ E)/LLEIYIS KAI\ H( PLEONECI/A E)NANTI/A: TOU/TWN GA\R TA\ MEGE/QH METE/XEI. W(/STE KAI\ AU)TA\ KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S E)NANTI/A W(S METE/XONTA TW=N E)NANTI/WN, W(/SPER KAI\ TO\ A)/RTION KAI\ TO\ PERITTO/N FAMEN EI)=NAI E)NANTI/A: A)RIQMO\S GA\R A)RIQMW=| OU)K E)/STIN E)NAN-TI/OS, A)RTIO/THS DE\ PERITTO/THTOS E)NANTI/A E)STI/. KAI\ O(/MWS FAME\N TO\ A)/RTION TW=| PERITTW=| E)NANTI/ON EI)=NAI W(S DEKTIKO\N TW=N E)NANTI/WN. @*)ALLA\ A)POROU=SI/ TINES PA/LIN LE/GONTES O(/TI E)N TO/PW| E)STI\N H( TOU= POSOU= E)NANTIO/THS: FASI\ GA\R O(/TI O( TO/POS POSO/N, O( TO/POS E)/XEI E)NANTI/ON, E)N @1 TRI/TW| SXH/MATI TI\ POSO\N E)/XEI E)NANTI/ON. BOULO/MENOI DE\ DEI=CAI O(/TI E)N TO/PW| E)STI\N H( E)NANTIO/THS, KE/XRHNTAI SULLOGISMW=| TOIOU/TW|: TO\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW POSO/N: KAI\ TOU=TO DEI/CWMEN DI' E(TE/ROU SULLOGISMOU= E)/XONTOS OU(/TWS: TO\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW TO/POS, O( TO/POS POSO/N, TO\ A)/RA A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW POSO/N. PO/QEN DE\ PA/LIN TO\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW E)NANTI/ON; PA/LIN KA)NTAU=QA E(/TEROS SULLOGISMO\S TO\ ZHTOU/-MENON H(MI=N PARISTW=N: TO\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW PLEI=STA DIE/STHKEN, TO\ PLEI=STON DIESTHKO\S E)NANTI/ON, TO\ A)/RA A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW E)NANTI/A. KAI\ OU(/TWS ME\N O( SULLO-GISMO\S PROH=LQEN DEIKNU\S O(/TI E)N TO/PW| E)STI\ TA\ E)NANTI/A. PRO\S TOU/TOUS FAME\N O(/TI E)PEIDH\ TO\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW DITTO/N, TO\ ME\N FU/SEI TO\ DE\ QE/SEI: FU/SEI ME\N A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW LE/GETAI KAI\ H( GH= KAI\ O( OU)RANO/S, QE/SEI DE\ W(S OI)=KOS DUNA/MENOS PRO\S A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO PARALAMBANO/MENOS EI)=NAI KAI\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW. POI=ON OU)=N BOU/LESQE A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW; TO\ FU/SEI H)\ TO\ QE/SEI; EI) ME\N OU)=N TO\ QE/SEI BOU/LESQE A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW, TAU=TA OU)/K EI)SIN E)NANTI/A, A)LLA\ PRO/S TI: DUNATO\N GA\R TO\ AU)TO\ E)PI\ TOU= QE/SEI A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW LE/GESQAI. TAU=TA TOI/NUN PRO/S TI/ EI)SI, KAI\ OU)K E)NANTI/A. EI) DE\ MH/, EU(REQH/SONTAI PA/NTES OI( LO/GOI A(RMO/-ZONTES E)PI\ TOU= MIKROU= KAI\ MEGA/LOU. EI) DE\ FU/SEI BOU/LESQE A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW, OI( TOIOU=TOI TO/POI OU)/K EI)SIN E)NANTI/OI AU)TOI\ KAQ' E(AUTOU/S, [2A)LL']2 E)NANTI/WN SWMA/TWN DEKTIKOI/: OU(/TW TO\N A)/NW TO/PON DEKTIKO\N EI)=NAI TOU= PURO\S KOUFO-TA/TOU U(PA/RXONTOS LE/GOMEN, TO\N DE\ KA/TW DEKTIKO\N EI)=NAI TH=S GH=S W(S BARU-TA/THS. DH=LON OU)=N O(/TI OI( AU)TOI\ TO/POI OU)/K EI)SIN FUSIKOI\ TW=N E)NANTI/WN KAQ' E(AUTOU/S, A)LL' EI) A)/RA LE/GOINTO E)NANTI/A, DIO/TI E)NANTI/WN SWMA/TWN EI)SI\ DEKTIKOI/, LE/GW DH\ PURO\S KAI\ GH=S, TOU/TOU XA/RIN LE/GONTAI. A)LL' I)/SWS E)REI= TIS O(/TI KAI\ OU(=TOI OI( TO/POI, TO\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW, E)NANTI/A EI)SI\N W(S PLEI=STON DIESTHKO/TA A)P' A)LLH/LWN. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI OU)K AU)TOI\ E)NANTI/OI EI)SI/N, A)LL' H( DIA/STASIS H( METACU\ TOU/TWN: OU(=TOI GA\R W(S TO/POI OU)/K EI)SIN E)NANTI/OI, A)LL' H( METACU\ TOU/TWN, W(S EI)/RHTAI, DIA/STASI/S E)STIN E)NANTI/A. H( DE\ DIA/STASIS OU)K E)/STI POSO/N, A)LLA\ POIO/N. E)N POIOI=S A)/RA H( E)NANTIO/THS, W(/SPER E)LE/GOMEN KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= MIKROU= KAI\ TOU= MEGA/LOU MH\ TAU=TA TA\ MEGE/QH E)NANTI/A EI)=NAI, A)LLA\ TH\N POIO/THTA TH\N E)N AU)TOI=S, TOU=T' E)/STI TH\N AU)/CHSIN KAI\ TH\N MEI/WSIN. KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= A)RIQMOU= W(SAU/TWS. E)PEIDH\ DE\ TA\ TH=| FU/SEI PLEI=STON DIESTHKO/TA E)NANTI/A EI)=NAI E)LE/GOMEN, OI(=ON OU)RANO\N KAI\ GH=N, E)NTAU=QA/ TINES GENO/MENOI BOU/LONTAI DEI=CAI W(S OU) PLEI=STON DIE/STHKEN A)LLH/LWN O( OU)RANO\S KAI\ H( GH=. KAI\ OU(=TOI KE/XRHNTAI LO/GW| TOIOU/TW| KAI/ FASIN O(/TI TO\ PLEI=STON DIESTHKO\S E)PI/TASIN OU) DE/XETAI: EI) OU)=N H( GH= TOU= OU)RANOU= PLEI=STON DIE/STHKEN, PW=S LE/GOMEN E)/TI MA=LLON A)PE/XEIN TOU= OU)RANOU= TO\ H(MISFAI/RION TO\ U(PO\ GH=N; PRO\S TOU/TOUS FAME\N O(/TI OU) DEI= TEMAXI/ZEIN TO\N OU)RANO/N, A)LL' O(/LON W(S O(/LON QEW-REI=N AU)TO/N: O(/LOS GA\R O( OU)RANO\S E)PI\ PLEI=STON DIE/STHKE TH=S GH=S, KAI\ OU) TO\ ME\N AU)TOU= MA=LLON DIE/STHKE TO\ DE\ H(=TTON. @*EI)PW\N GOU=N O( FILO/SOFOS PA/NTA TA\ E)N TOU/TW| I)DI/W| ZHTOU/MENA, ME/TEISIN E)PI\ TO\ TELEUTAI=ON I)/DION, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ I)/SON TE KAI\ TO\ A)/NISON, E)F' W(=| TO\N @1 PERI\ TOU= POSOU= KATAPAU/EI LO/GON. TRIW=N OU)=N OU)SW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN, TAU)TOU=_ QATE/ROU, I)/SOU_A)NI/SOU, O(MOI/OU_A)NOMOI/OU, TO\ ME\N TAU)TO\N KAI\ QA/TERON E)PI\ OU)SI/AS FE/RETAI, TO\ DE\ O(/MOION KAI\ A)NO/MOION E)PI\ TOU= POIOU=, TO\ DE\ I)/SON KAI\ A)/NISON E)PI\ TOU= POSOU=. E)/SXEN OU)=N PA/RODON TOU=TO, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ I)/SON KAI\ A)/NISON, A)PO\ TOU= PRW/TOU I)DI/OU, TOU= KATAMETREI=SQAI: TA\ GA\R METROU/-MENA H)\ I)/SWS METROU=NTAI KAI\ LE/GONTAI EI)=NAI I)/SA, H)\ A)NI/SWS KAI\ LE/GONTAI A)/NISA. PW=S OU)=N TOU=TO TO\ I)/DION, TO\ I)/SON KAI\ A)/NISON, I)/DION A)PODE/DWKE TOU= POSOU=; %2%2%2 TA\ GA\R PRO/S TI OU)K E)/XEI I)DI/AN U(/LHN, A)LL' EU(RI/SKETAI KAI\ E)N OU)SI/AIS KAI\ E)N POIOI=S: E)N ME\N OU)=N OU)SI/AIS W(S O( PATH\R KAI\ O( UI(O/S, E)N POIW=| DE\ W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN O(/MOION KAI\ A)NO/MOION, E)N POSW=| DE\ W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN I)/SON [2KAI\]2 A)/NISON. EI) GOU=N E)N PA/SAIS TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS EU(RI/SKETAI, OU)DE\N A)/TOPON KAI\ NU=N TAU/THN EU(RI/SKESQAI TH\N KATHGORI/AN E)N TW=| I)/SW| KAI\ A)NI/SW|. KAI\ KALW=S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS PARAFUA/DI E)OIKE/NAI TA\ PRO/S TI EI)=PEN E)N TOI=S *)HQIKOI=S, W(S E)N PA/SAIS TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS QEWROU/MENA. A)LLA\ A)POROU=SIN EU)QE/WS: EI) TOU= POSOU= I)/DIO/N E)STI TO\ I)/SON KAI\ A)/NISON, PW=S H( MONA\S LE/GETAI W(S EI)S DU/O H(MI/SEA KATAMETROUME/NH H)/GOUN I)/SA, [2I)/SH ME/N]2, A)/NISOS DE\ OU) LE/GETAI; PW=S TO\ SHMEI=ON KAI\ TO\ NU=N OU)/TE I)/SON LE/GETAI OU)/TE A)/NISON; TAU=TA GA\R ME/RH MH\ E)/XONTA OU)DE\ O(/LWS KATAMETREI=TAI. PRO\S TAU=TA DU/O TINA\S E)PILU/SEIS PROBALLO/MEQA, MI/AN ME\N KOINH\N TW=N TRIW=N, A)/LLHN DE\ I)DI/AN TH=S MONA/DOS. KAI\ E)/STIN H( ME\N KOINH\ AU(/TH: O(/TI TAU=TA OU)/K EI)SIN POSA/, A)LL' A)RXAI\ POSW=N, H(MEI=S DE\ OU) PERI\ A)RXW=N TOU= POSOU= DIALEGO/MEQA, A)LLA\ PERI\ AU)TOU= TOU= POSOU=. PERI\ [2DE\]2 TH=S MONA/DOS FAME\N O(/TI OU)DE\N A)/TOPON TAU/THN EI)S I)/SA ME\N KATAMETREI=SQAI, EI)S A)/NISA DE\ MH\ KATAMETREI=SQAI: O( GA\R *)ARISTO-TE/LHS OU)K EI)=PE DEI=N PA/NTWS TA\ DU/O E)/XEIN TO\ POSO/N, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ I)/SON KAI\ TO\ A)/NISON, A)LL' H)\ TOU=TO H)\ E)KEI=NO. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, OU)DE\N A)/TOPON KAI\ TH\N MONA/DA EI)S I)/SA ME\N KATAMETREI=SQAI, EI)S A)/NISA DE\ MH\ KATAMETREI=SQAI, DIO/TI OU)K A)NA/GKH TO\ POSO\N A(/MA TA\ DU/O E)/XEIN, A)LL' H)\ TOU=TO H)\ E)KEI=NO. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PROKEIME/NHS QEWRI/AS KAI\ TW=N PERI\ TOU= POSOU= LO/GWN. OU)K E)PEC-H/LQAMEN DE\ TW=| R(HTW=|, E)PEIDH\ PA/NTA KALW=S DIH/LQAMEN E)N TH=| DIECO/DW| TH=S QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A KG#.]2>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ TW=N PRO/S TI.>20}1 {1<20*PRO/S TI DE\ TA\ TOIAU=TA LE/GETAI, O(/SA AU)TA\ A(/PER E)STI\N @E(TE/RWN EI)=NAI LE/GETAI, H)\ O(PWSOU=N A)/LLWS PRO\S E(/TERON.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ PE/NTE PARAKOLOUQH/MATA E(/PETAI TOI=S PRO/S TI, TO\ LE/GESQAI, TO\ @1 DIDA/SKESQAI, TO\ EI)=NAI, TO\ GE/NOS EI)=NAI, TO\ SUNARIQMEI=SQAI TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS, I)SA/RIQMON KAI\ H(MEI=S TH\N ZH/THSIN POIHSW/MEQA: DIO/TI ME\N LE/GONTAI, ZHTH/-SWMEN TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S E)PIGRAFH=S, DIO/TI DE\ DIDA/SKONTAI, ZHTH/SWMEN TH\N DIA-SKEUH\N TW=N PRO/S TI, DIO/TI DE\ EI)SI/N, TH\N TOU/TWN U(PO/STASIN POLU-PRAGMONH/SWMEN, DIO/TI DE\ GE/NH EI)SI/N, A)NAGKAI=ON TA\ TOU/TWN EI)/DH MAQEI=N, DIO/TI DE\ SUNARIQMOU=NTAI TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS, TH\N TA/CIN ZHTH/SWMEN. A)F' H(=S KAI\ TH\N A)RXH\N POIHSW/MEQA. DIAFWNEI= TOI/NUN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E(AUTW=|: E)N ME\N GA\R TH=| A)PARIQMH/SEI TW=N KATHGORIW=N TO\ POIO\N TOU= PRO/S TI PROE/TACEN, NUNI\ DE\ E)N TH=| DIDASKALI/A| TO\ PRO/S TI TOU= POIOU=. PO/QEN OU)=N; FAME\N W(S OU)DE\N A)/TOPON: O(/POU ME\N GA\R A)PARI/QMHSIS YILH\ H)=N, EI)KO\S H)=N PROHGEI=SQAI TA\ KAQ' AU(TA\ TW=N E)N SXE/SEI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO PROHGEI=TAI TO\ POIO\N TOU= PRO/S TI: O(/POU DE\ DIDASKALI/A U(PH=RXEN, DIA\ TE/SSARAS AI)TI/AS H)NAGKA/SQH TO\ PRO/S TI PROTA/CAI TOU= POIOU=. KAI\ PRW/TH ME/N E)STIN AI)TI/A AU(/TH: E)PEIDH\ PERI\ TOU= POSOU= DIALEGO/MENOS TOU= I)/SOU KAI\ A)NI/SOU E)MNH/SQH, TO\ DE\ I)/SON KAI\ A)/NISON TW=N PRO/S TI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN META\ TO\ POSO\N TO\ PRO/S TI E)PH/GAGEN. DEUTE/RA AI)TI/A: E)PEIDH\ POLU\S H)=N O( LO/GOS E)N TW=| POSW=|, [2O(/TE]2 TW=N PRO/S TI E)MNH/SQH, I(/NA MH\ E)PI\ POLU\ A)NHKO/OUS H(MA=S TOU/TWN E)A/SH|, TOU/TOU XA/RIN EU)QE/WS META\ TO\ POSO\N PRO\ TOU= POSOU= TH\N [2TW=N]2 PRO/S TI DIDASKALI/AN PROE/QETO LE/GEIN. TRI/TH AI)TI/A: E)PEIDH\ TA\ PRO/S TI OU)DEMI/AN E)/XOUSIN U(/LHN KAI\ E)N PA/SAIS FAI/NONTAI TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS, KAI\ O(/TI E)MPESW\N E)N TW=| POSW=| TAU=TA E)DI/DACEN, I(/NA MH\ R(A|DI/WS KAI\ E)N TW=| POIW=| PARAPESW\N TA\ AU)TA\ DIDA/CH| H(MA=S, TOU/TOU XA/RIN TOU= POIOU= [2TA\]2 PRO/S TI PROE/TACEN. TETA/RTH AI)TI/A: E)PEIDH\ *PRWTAGO/REIOS H)=N DO/CA KAI\ TH\N POIO/THTA TW=N PRO/S TI EI)=NAI, I(/NA MH\ KA)KEI=SE GENO/MENOI KAI\ TH\N TW=N PRO/S TI FU/SIN A)GNOOU=NTES MH\ DUNHQW=MEN TH\N TOU/TWN DO/CAN GNW=NAI EI)/TE A)LHQH\S EI)/TE YEUDH\S U(PA/RXEI, PROE/TACE TA\ PRO/S TI O( FILO/SOFOS, I(/NA MH\ TH=| A)GNOI/A| SUMBH=| A)PATHQH=NAI H(MA=S. E)N TOU/TOIS TO\ PRW=TO/N E)STI KEFA/LAION, E)N W(=| TH\N TA/CIN E)ZHTH/SAMEN. FE/RE DE\ LOIPO\N E)PI\ TH\N E)PIGRAFH\N A)NADRA/MWMEN. I)STE/ON O(/TI TA\ ME\N TW=N A)RXAIOTE/RWN BIBLI/A *PERI\ TOU= PRO/S TI E)PIGRA/FOUSI, TA\ DE\ TW=N NEWTE/RWN *PERI\ TW=N PRO/S TI. KAI\ AI( DU/O E)PI-GRAFAI\ E)/XONTAI LO/GOU: E)PEIDH\ GA\R E)N TOI=S PRO/S TI MI/A E)STI\N H( SXE/SIS KAI\ DIA/FORA TA\ DECA/MENA TH\N SXE/SIN, TOU/TOU XA/RIN KAI\ DIA/FORO/S E)STIN H( TOU/TWN E)PIGRAFH/, KAI\ DIA\ ME\N TH\N SXE/SIN MI/AN OU)=SAN E)PIGE/GRAPTAI *PERI\ TOU= PRO/S TI, DIA\ DE\ TO\ DIA/FORA EI)=NAI TA\ DECA/MENA TH\N SXE/SIN E)PIGE/GRAPTAI *PERI\ TW=N PRO/S TI. H(MEI=S DE\ TH=| E(NIKH=| E)PIGRAFH=| PEISQW=MEN, DIO/TI A)NALOGEI= H( ME\N SXE/SIS AI)TI/W| TA\ DE\ U(PODECA/MENA TH\N SXE/SIN AI)TIATW=|. EI) OU)=N E)N TW=| AI)TI/W| KAI\ AI)TIATW=| TO\ AI)/TION MA=LLON E)NTIMO/TERO/N E)STIN, EI)KO/TWS A)KOLOUQOU=NTES TW=| E)NTIMOTE/RW| OU(/TW KAI\ TH\N E)PIGRAFH\N POIHSW/MEQA. E)N TOU/TOIS TO\ DEU/TERO/N E)STI KEFA/-LAION. TRI/TON E)STI\N [2H(]2 TW=N PRO/S TI DIASKEUH/. KAI/ FAMEN W(S TRISI\ KEFA-LAI/OIS KAI\ MO/NOIS A)PARTI/ZEI TO\N PERI\ TW=N PRO/S TI LO/GON O( FILO/SOFOS. KAI\ @1 PRW=TON ME\N E)NTI/QHSI YEUDH= U(POGRAFH/N, DEU/TERON DE\ TA\ I)/DIA TW=N PRO/S TI, KAI\ TRI/TON TH\N TELEI/AN KAI\ DEDOKIMASME/NHN U(POGRAFH/N. KAI\ TOU=TO EI)KO/TWS: OU) GA\R BOU/LETAI H(MA=S H)\ A)PONHTI\ H)/TOI A)KONITI\ E)PI\ TA\ A)LHQE/STERA A)NA-GAGEI=N, A)LLA\ PROGUMNA/ZEI H(MA=S YEUDE/SI SOFI/SMASI, KAI\ PROKAQA/RAS TA\ YEUDH= OU(/TWS E)PI\ TH\N A)LHQH= DIDASKALI/AN H(MA=S A)NAFE/REI. E)N TOU/TOIS TO\ TRI/TON KEFA/LAION. @*TE/TARTON DE\ ZHTH/SWMEN TH\N TOU/TWN U(PO/STASIN. I)STE/ON O(/TI DIA/FOROS GE/GONE DO/CA PERI\ TW=N PRO/S TI, KAI\ OI( ME\N PA/NTA PRO/S TI EI)=NAI E)DO/CAZON, A)/LLOI DE\ OU)DE\N EI)=NAI PRO/S TI E)NO/MIZON. H(MEI=S DE\ E(KA/TERON E)LE/GXONTES TH\N H(METE/RAN DO/CAN EI)SA/GWMEN A)LHQH= U(PA/RXOUSAN TOU= TW=N O)/NTWN TA\ ME\N EI)=NAI PRO/S TI TA\ DE\ MH\ EI)=NAI PRO/S TI. KAI\ OI( ME\N LE/GONTES PA/NTA EI)=NAI TW=N PRO/S TI KE/XRHNTAI DU/O TISI\ LO/GOIS, W(=N O( ME/N E)STIN SULLOGISTIKO\S O( DE\ A)PO\ TH=S E)NARGEI/AS LAMBANO/MENOS. KAI\ O( ME\N SULLOGISTIKO/S E)STI TOIOU=TOS: FASI\N O(/TI PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA AI( KATHGORI/AI, AI( KATHGORI/AI GE/NH, TA\ GE/NH PRO/S TI, PA/NTA A)/RA TA\ O)/NTA PRO/S TI. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN H(MEI=S O(/TI KAKW=S EI)RH/KASIN TA\S KATHGORI/AS GE/NH EI)=NAI: PW=S GA\R BOU/LESQE TAU/TAS GE/NH EI)=NAI; A)=RA W(S GENIKA\S SXE/SEIS OU)/SAS; A)LLA\ TOU=TO A)/TOPON, A)LLA\ GE/NH LE/GONTAI W(S GENIKH\N A)NADECA/MENOI SXE/SIN, KAI\ OU)K E)/TI W(S AU)TAI\ KAQ' AU(TA\S GENIKAI\ OU)=SAI SXE/SEIS. SUNA/GETAI OU)=N E)K TOU/TOU LO/GOS O(/TI PA=SAI AI( KATHGORI/AI GENIKH=S METE/XOUSI SXE/SEWS, KAI\ OU)/K EI)SI TW=N PRO/S TI, A)LLA\ TH\N TW=N PRO/S TI SXE/SIN E)/XOUSIN, O(/PER KAI\ H(MEI=S E)LE/GOMEN TH\N U(/LHN TW=N KATHGORIW=N U(POKEI=SQAI TOI=S PRO/S TI. KAI\ OU(=TOS ME/N E)STIN O( SULLOGISTIKO\S LO/GOS TW=N BOULOME/NWN PA/NTA EI)=NAI TW=N PRO/S TI. O( DE\ A)PO\ TH=S E)NARGEI/AS LAMBANO/MENOS TOIOU=TOS: FASI\N O(/TI TO\ ME/LI TOI=S ME\N GLUKU/ E)STI TOI=S DE\ PIKRO/N: TOI=S ME\N GA\R U(GIAI/NOUSIN GLUKU\ TOI=S DE\ I)KTERIW=SI PIKRO/N. O(MOI/WS KAI\ TRA/XHLOS PERISTERA=S TOI=S ME\N FAI/NETAI LEUKO\S TOI=S DE\ FAIO\S TOI=S DE\ ME/LAS. KAI\ DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN O(/TI OU)/TE TO\ ME/LI I)DI/AN E)/XEI FU/SIN KAI\ XUMO\N OU)/TE O( TRA/XHLOS TH=S PERI-STERA=S MI/AN E)/XEI XROIA/N. FAME\N OU)=N PRO\S TOU/TOUS O(/TI PRW=TON ME\N OU)DEI\S E)K TW=N PARA\ FU/SIN KRI/NEI, A)LL' E)K TW=N KATA\ FU/SIN. A)/LLWS TE DE\ KAI\ E)N AU)TOI=S TOI=S PARA\ FU/SIN E)/STI TIS AI)TI/A A)NAGKA/ZOUSA TO\ ME/LI TOI=S ME\N GLUKU\ FAI/NESQAI TOI=S DE\ PIKRO/N: TOI=S ME\N GA\R KATA\ FU/SIN E)/XOUSIN GLUKU/ E)STI TO\ ME/LI TOI=S DE\ I)KTERIW=SI PIKRO/N E)STIN, DIO/TI H( QERMASI/A TOU= ME/LITOS A)NALU/OUSA TH\N A)NAPEMPOME/NHN TOI=S A)GGI/OIS XOLH\N POIEI= TO\ ME/LI FAI/NESQAI PIKRO/N. KAI\ O( TRA/XHLOS DE\ TH=S PERISTERA=S AU)TO\S ME\N MI/AN E)/XEI XROIA\N PRO\S DE\ DIAFO/ROUS AI)TI/AS DOKEI= PA=SIN MH\ TH\N AU)TH\N E)/XEIN XROIA/N: TOI=S ME\N GA\R KAT' EU)QUWRI/AN O(RW=SIN O( AU)TO\S A)EI\ FAI/NETAI, TOI=S DE\ KATA\ A)NTANA/KLASIN ∥A)/LLWS A)/LLOTE DOKEI= E)/XEIN XRW=MA: E)N H(LI/W| GA\R FAINO/MENOS E(TE/ROIS E(TE/RWS FAI/NETAI H)\ DIA\ TH\N TW=N O(RW/NTWN DIA/FORON QE/SIN H)\ DIA\ TA\S TOU= H(LI/OU A)KTI=NAS H)\ DI' A)/LLAS TOIAU/TAS AI)TI/AS. KAI\ OU(/TWS ME\N OI( LE/GONTES PA/NTA EI)=NAI TW=N PRO/S TI. OI( DE\ BOULO/MENOI MHDE\N EI)=NAI PRO/S TI LE/GOUSIN O(/TI @1 FU/SEI OU)DE/N E)STIN PRO/S TI, A)LL' E)K TH=S H(METE/RAS E)PINOI/AS GI/NONTAI TA\ PRO/S TI: H(MEI=S GA\R E)PENOH/SAMEN DECIO\N KAI\ A)RISTERO/N, KAI\ OU) FU/SEI E)STI/N. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI OU) MO/NON KATA\ TH\N H(METE/RAN E)PI/NOIAN GI/NONTAI TA\ PRO/S TI, A)LLA\ KAI\ FU/SEI EI)SI/N: I)DOU\ GA\R O( ME\N SPLH\N KAI\ TO\ H(=PAR FU/SEI EI)SI\N DECIA\ KAI\ A)RISTERA/: W(S GA\R O( ME\N SPLH\N DECIO/S E)STI TO\ DE\ H(=PAR A)RISTERO/N, OU(/TWS EI) SUMBH=| TAU=TA METENEXQH=NAI H)\ MH\ OU(/TWS E)/XEIN, TO\ SU/MPAN DIE/-FQARTAI ZW=|ON. DH=LON OU)=N E)NTEU=QEN O(/TI OU) MO/NON KATA\ TH\N H(METE/RAN E)PI/-NOIA/N E)STI TA\ PRO/S TI A)LLA\ KAI\ FU/SEI. A)/LLWS TE DE\ EI) DOI=MEN MH\ EI)=NAI PRO/S TI, OU)K E)/STIN OU)DE\ O( DHMIOURGO/S: O( GA\R DHMIOURGW=N DEDHMIOURGHME/NWN E)STI\ DHMIOURGO/S: TAU=TA DE\ TW=N PRO/S TI. EI) OU)=N A)NAIREQH/SETAI TO\ PRO/S TI, OI)XH/SETAI EI)LIKRINW=S H( PRO/NOIA, KAI\ PA/NTA E)/STAI E)K TAUTOMA/TOU. KAI\ AU)TO\ DE\ TO\ E)K TAUTOMA/TOU KINDUNEU/EI A)POLE/SQAI, EI)/ GE KAI\ E)N TOI=S E)K TAUTO-MA/TOU GINOME/NOIS E)/STI KAI\ AI)/TION KAI\ AI)TIATO/N: TAU=TA DE\ PA/LIN TW=N PRO/S TI: TO\ GA\R AI)/TION AI)TIATOU= E)STIN AI)/TION. EI) OU)=N H)LE/GCAMEN KA)KEI/NOUS W(S A)DU/NATON A(/PANTA EI)=NAI TW=N PRO/S TI, KAI\ TOU/TOUS PA/LIN O(MOI/WS H)LE/GCAMEN W(S A)DU/NATON MHDE\N EI)=NAI TW=N PRO/S TI, E)PIDEIXQH/SETAI PA/NTA TA\ O)/NTA KAI\ EU(REQHSO/MEQA MHKE/TI PERI\ TW=N PRO/S TI ZHTOU=NTES H)\ EI)SI\N H)\ OU)K EI)SI/N, A)LLA\ PERI\ PA/NTWN TW=N O)/NTWN DH=LON O(/TI H( H(METE/RA EI)SA/GETAI DO/CA A)LHQH\S OU)=SA KAI\ BE/BAIOS, H( LE/GOUSA TW=N O)/NTWN TA\ ME\N EI)=NAI TW=N PRO/S TI TA\ DE\ MH\ EI)=NAI PRO/S TI. @*PE/MPTON KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON KEFA/LAION TA\ EI)/DH TW=N PRO/S TI. DE/KA TOI/NUN EI)SI\ TA\ EI)/DH TW=N PRO/S TI, TAUTO/THS, A)NISO/THS, U(/FESIS, KRI/SIS, PH=SIS, GE/NESIS, ME/QECIS, QE/SIS, A)SUMMETRI/A KAI\ H( PRO\S TO\ GE/NOS A)NAFORA/. KAI\ E)/STI TAUTO/THS ME/N, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN "3TO\ I)/SON I)/SW| E)STI\N I)/SON"3. TAUTO/THS DE\ LE/GETAI, DIO/TI MH\ PRO\S E(TERW/NUMON LE/GETAI A)LLA\ PRO\S AU)TO\ TO\ O)/NOMA. A)NISO/THS DE/ E)STIN, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN "3TO\ DIPLA/SION H(MI/SEW/S E)STI DIPLA/SION"3. U(/FESIS DE/ E)STIN, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN "3O( A)/RXWN A)RXOME/NWN E)STI\N A)/RXWN"3: DEI= GA\R U(POBEBHKE/NAI TOU\S A)RXOME/NOUS TW=| A)/RXONTI. KRI/SIS DE/ E)STIN, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN "3H( E)PISTH/MH TOU= E)PISTHTOU= E)STIN E)PISTH/MH"3. PH=SIS DE/ E)STIN, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN "3TO\ POIOU=N EI)S TO\ PA/SXON POIEI="3. ME/QECIS DE/ E)STIN, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN "3TO\ METE/XON METEXOME/NOU METE/XEI"3. GE/NESIS, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN "3O( PATH\R UI(OU= PATH/R"3. QE/SIS DE/, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN "3TO\ DECIO\N A)RISTEROU= DECIO/N"3. A)SUMMETRI/A DE/ E)STIN, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN "3TO\ A)DU/NATON EI)S TO\ EI)=NAI A)DU/NATON EI)S TO\ O(RAQH=NAI"3. H( DE\ PRO\S TO\ GE/NOS A)NAFORA/, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN O(/TI H( ME\N GRAMMATIKH\ AU)TH\ KAQ' E(AUTH\N OU)K E)/STI TW=N PRO/S TI, A)LLA\ POIO/THS YUXH=S, PRO\S DE\ TH\N E)PISTH/MHN, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ GE/NOS AU)TH=S, PARA-BALLOME/NH TW=N PRO/S TI/ E)STIN: H( GA\R GRAMMATIKH\ E)PISTH/MHS E)STI\N GRAMMA-TIKH/. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PROKEIME/NHS QEWRI/AS. @1 {1<20[2*QEWRI/A KD#.]2>20}1 {1<20*PRO/S TI DE\ TA\ TOIAU=TA LE/GETAI, O(/SA AU)TA\ A(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/RWN EI)=NAI LE/GETAI.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( YEUDH\S U(POGRAFH\ TW=N PRO/S TI. A)LL' I(/NA TAU/THN NOH/SWMEN, EI)/PWMEN OU(/TWS: DITTO\N TO\ PRO\S E(/TERON LE/GESQAI: H)\ GA\R AU)TO\ O(/PER E)STI\N PRO\S E(/TERON LE/GETAI, H)\ A)/LLO ME\N E)/STIN, PRO\S A)/LLO DE\ E(/TERON LE/GETAI, OI(=ON TO\ LEUKO\N LE/GETAI PRO\S TO\ ME/LAN: TO\ GA\R LEUKO\N OU) KAQO\ LEUKO/N E)STIN LEUKO\N LE/GETAI PRO\S TO\ ME/LAN, A)LLA\ KAQO\ POLEMIKW/TATON H)\ E)NANTI/ON AU)TOU= E)STIN. TO\ DE\ PRO/S TI OU)K A)/LLO ME\N E)/STIN A)/LLO DE\ LE/GETAI, A)LLA\ KAQ' O(\ ME\N E)/STI, KATA\ TOU=TO LE/GETAI: TO\ GA\R DECIO\N PRO\S TO\ A)RISTERO\N LE/GETAI, OU) KAT' A)/LLO TI, OI(=ON KAQO\ E)NANTI/ON E)STI/N, A)LLA\ KAQO\ DECIO/N: TA\ GA\R PRO/S TI OU) KATA\ TO\ PRW=TON SHMAINO/MENON, A)LLA\ KATA\ TO\ DEU/TERON LE/GONTAI, TOU=T' E)/STI TA\ MH\ A)/LLWS ME\N O)/NTA A)/LLWS DE\ LEGO/MENA, A)LLA\ TA\ KATA\ TH\N I)DI/AN FU/SIN LEGO/MENA PRO\S E(/TERON. KATA\ TOU=TO GOU=N O( FILO/SOFOS TO\ EI)=DOS EI)=PEN <20PRO/S TI DE\ TA\ TOIAU=TA LE/GETAI, O(/SA AU)TA\ A(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/RWN EI)=NAI LE/GETAI,>20 I(/NA MH\ LA/BWMEN TA\ A)/LLWS ME\N O)/NTA A)/LLWS DE\ PRO\S E(/TERON LEGO/MENA. ZHTH/SWMEN DE\ TI/NOS XA/RIN EI)=PE <20LE/GETAI>20 KAI\ MH\ "3E)STI/"3. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI E)PEIDH\ E)KTI/QETAI U(POGRAFH\N MH/TE A)LHQH= OU)=SAN MH/TE A)RE/SKOUSAN AU)TW=|, W(S [1DEI/CEI DE\ O( LO/GOS PROI+W/N]1 POLLA\ A)/TOPA/ E)STIN E(PO/MENA TAU/TH| TH=| U(POGRAFH=|. {1<20*)\H O(PWSOU=N A)/LLWS PRO\S E(/TERON.>20}1 @*KALW=S KAI\ TOU=TO PROSE/QHKEN O( FILO/SOFOS: E)PEI\ GA\R EI)/RHKEN W(S <20AU)TA\ A(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/RWN EI)=NAI LE/GETAI,>20 I(/NA MH\ DIA\ TO\ <20E(TE/RWN>20 NOMI/SH|S O(/TI PRO\S GENIKH\N MO/NHN TA\ PRO/S TI SUNTA/TTETAI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN EI)=PEN <20H)\ O(PWSOU=N A)/LLWS PRO\S E(/TERON:>20 E)/STIN GA\R TA\ PRO/S TI SUNTA/TTEIN KAI\ PRO\S DOTIKH\N KAI\ PRO\S AI)TIATIKH/N. KAI\ PRO\S ME\N DOTIKH/N, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN "3O( FI/LOS FI/LW| FI/LOS"3, PRO\S DE\ AI)TIATIKH/N, W(S O(/TAN EI)/PWMEN "3O( TU/PTWN TUPTO/MENON TU/PTEI"3. {1<20*OI(=ON TO\ MEI=ZON TOU=TO O(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/ROU LE/GETAI: TINO\S GA\R MEI=ZON LE/GETAI.>20}1 @*PARA/DEIGMA LABW\N TH=S U(POGRAFH=S O( FILO/SOFOS KALW=S A)PO\ TOU= MEI/ZONOS H)/RCATO, E)PEIDH\ E)N TOI=S PERI\ TOU= POSOU= LO/GOIS MNH/MHN E)POIH/SATO TOU= MEI/ZONOS, KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN TOU=TO E)/LABEN PRO\S PARA/DEIGMA, I(/NA MH\ E)C A)GNW/STWN, A)LL' E)K FANERW=N TH\N DIDASKALI/AN POIH/SH|. @1 {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ KAI\ TA\ TOIAU=TA TW=N PRO/S TI OI(=ON E(/CIS KAI\ DIA/-QESIS, AI)/SQHSIS, E)PISTH/MH, QE/SIS.>20}1 @*ZHTOU=MEN E)NTAU=QA O(/TI TI/NOS XA/RIN PARA/DEIGMA BOULO/MENOS LABEI=N TW=N PRO/S TI O( FILO/SOFOS MEMERISME/NWS EI)/RHKEN TAU=TA, A)POKEXWRISME/NON TO\ DIPLA/SION KAI\ TO\ ME/GA TA/CAS: E)PH/NEGKEN GA\R LE/GWN <20E)/STI DE\ KAI\ TA\ TOI-AU=TA TW=N PRO/S TI.>20 FAME\N O(/TI DIA\ DU/O AI)TI/AS: PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI TO\ MEI=ZON KAI\ TO\ DIPLA/SION TW=N PRO/S TI/ E)STI KAI\ MO/NON, H( DE\ E(/CIS KAI\ H( DIA/QESIS KAI\ E)PISTH/MH OU) MO/NON PRO/S TI/ EI)SIN, A)LLA\ KAI\ POIO/THTES, KAI\ POIO/THTES ME\N W(S E)N YUXH=| QEWROU/MENA, PRO/S TI DE\ W(S PRO\S A(\ LE/GONTAI PARABALLO/-MENA. H)\ DIA\ TAU/THN OU)=N TH\N AI)TI/AN E)XW/RISEN TAU=TA, H)\ O(/TI E)KEI=NA PRO\S GENIKH\N KAI\ MO/NON LE/GONTAI [1TO\ GA\R MEI=ZON E)LA/TTONO/S E)STI MEI=ZON KAI\ TO\ DIPLA/SION H(MI/SEW/S E)STI DIPLA/SION]1, TAU=TA DE\ OU) MO/NON PRO\S GENIKH\N A)LLA\ KAI\ PRO\S DOTIKH\N A)NTISTRE/FONTAI, OI(=ON LE/GOMEN O(/TI "3H( E)PISTH/MH E)PISTHTOU= E)STIN E)PISTH/MH"3, KAI\ A)NTISTRE/FONTES LE/GOMEN "3KAI\ TO\ E)PISTHTO\N E)PISTH/MH| E)STI\N E)PISTHTO/N"3. O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ H( DIA/QESIS DIAQETOU= E)STI DIA/QESIS KAI\ TO\ DIAQETO\N DIAQE/SEI DIAQETO/N. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI KAI\ TAU=TA KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S LEGO/-MENA, OI(=ON A)NA/KLISIN KAI\ KAQE/DRAN KAI\ STA/SIN, E)/FASKEN O( H(ME/TEROS DIDA/-SKALOS MH\ BOU/LESQAI TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHN W(S PRO/S TI LABEI=N, A)LL' W(S POIA/ [1QEWREI=TAI GA\R KAI\ W(S POIA\ KAI\ W(S PRO/S TI: AU)TA\ ME\N GA\R KAQ' AU(TA/, W(S EI)/RHTAI, POIA/ E)STIN, PRO/S TI DE\ W(S E)/XONTA SXE/SIN PRO\S TA\ METE/XONTA AU)TW=N W(S PRO/S TI]1, O(/TI NU=N *)ARISTOTE/LHS BOULO/MENOS KAKI/SAI TO\N U(PO\ TW=N NEWTE/RWN A)PODIDO/MENON O(RISMO/N, OU) MO/NON TA\ PRO/S TI O(RI/ZETAI, A)LLA\ KAI/ TINA TW=N U(PO\ TH\N POIO/THTA A)NAGOME/NWN, W(S POIA\ AU)TA\ LAMBA/NWN. DHLOI= DE\ KAI\ TO\ TH\N QE/SIN AU)TOI=S SUNARIQMH/SASQAI, H(/PER E)STI\ POIO/N: OU)DE\N GA\R E(/TERO/N 则E)STIN QE/SIS H)\ TO\ TOIO/NDE SXH=MA TOU= KINOUME/NOU. TO\ DE\ SXH=MA POIO/THS. A)/LLWS TE, FHSI/N, H( A)NA/KLISIS KAI\ H( KAQE/DRA KAI\ H( STA/SIS A)/NTIKRUS POIO/-THTE/S EI)SIN, EI)/DH O)/NTA TH=S QE/SEWS. PW=S OU)=N E)NH=N TO\ ME\N GE/NOS U(PO\ TO\ PRO/S TI A)NA/GESQAI TA\ DE\ EI)/DH U(PO\ TH\N POIO/THTA; {1<20*KAI\ TA\ A)/LLA DE\ W(SAU/TWS. PRO/S TI OU)=N E)STIN O(/SA AU)TA\ A(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/RWN EI)=NAI LE/GETAI.>20}1 @*KAI\ TOU=TO/ FHSIN U(PO\ *)ARISTOTE/LOUS W(S GUMNA/ZONTOS TO\N EI)RHME/NON O(RISMO\N LE/GESQAI, W(S EI) OU(/TWS E)/LEGEN O(/TI KATA\ TO\N EI)RHME/NON O(RISMO\N O(/SA A(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/RWN LE/GETAI, PA/NTA PRO/S TI/ EI)SIN, O(/PER A)/TOPON. A)/LLWS TE, FHSI/N, OU)DE\ BOU/LETAI TE/WS PROFANW=S E)NANTIWQH=NAI TOU/TW| TW=| O(/RW|, A)LLA\ PRO/TERON SUMMAXEI= AU)TW=| KAI\ KRATU/NEI AU)TO/N, KAI\ OU(/TWS A)NATRE/PEI TOU=TON DEIKNU\S W(S POLLA\ TOU/TW| A)/TOPA PARAKOLOUQH/SEI. @1 {1<20*)/ETI DE\ KAI\ [2H(]2 A)NA/KLISIS KAI\ H( STA/SIS KAI\ H( KAQE/DRA QE/SEIS TINE/S.>20}1 @*ZHTOU=MEN E)NTAU=QA TI/NOS XA/RIN PA/LIN TA\ PARADEI/GMATA DIE/KRINEN. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI DIO/TI OU)/K EI)SI TAU=TA KURI/WS PRO/S TI, A)LL' W(S PRO\S TH\N TOU= GE/NOUS A)NAFORA\N LE/GONTAI PRO/S TI, TW=N PROTE/RWN AU)TW=N KAQ' AU(TW=N LEGO-ME/NWN EI)=NAI TW=N PRO/S TI. E)PEIDH\ DE\ EI)=PEN "3KAI\ PA/LIN DE\ H( A)NA/KLISIS KAI\ H( STA/SIS KAI\ H( KAQE/DRA QE/SEIS EI)SI/N"3 [1EI)/DH GA\R TAU=TA TH=S QE/SEWS, H( DE\ QE/SIS TW=N PRO/S TI: H)\ GA\R O(/LON TO\ SW=MA O)RQO/N E)STI KAI\ KALEI=TAI STA/SIS, H)\ O(/LON PLA/GIO/N E)STIN KAI\ KALEI=TAI A)NA/KLISIS, H)\ ME/ROS ME/N TI AU)TOU= I(/STATAI ME/ROS DE/ TI AU)TOU= KA/QHTAI KAI\ KALEI=TAI KAQE/DRA]1, <20TO\ DE\ A)NAKEKLI/SQAI H)\ E(STA/NAI H)\ KAQE/ZESQAI>20 TAU=TA, FHSI/N, OU)/K EI)SIN QE/SEIS, EI)/ GE H( QE/SIS TW=N PRO/S TI/ E)STIN, TAU=TA DE\ QE/SEIS ME\N OU)/K EI)SIN, PARWNU/MWS DE\ A)PO\ TW=N EI)RHME/NWN EI)DW=N TH=S QE/SEWS METHNE/XQHSAN, A)PO\ ME\N TH=S STA/SEWS TO\ E(STA/NAI, A)PO\ DE\ TH=S A)NAKLI/SEWS TO\ A)NAKEKLI/SQAI, A)PO\ DE\ TH=S KAQE/DRAS TO\ KAQE/ZESQAI. W(/SPER DE\ TAU=TA A)PO\ TW=N EI)DW=N TH=S QE/SEWS METHNE/XQHSAN, OU(/TWS KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= GE/NOUS TOU/TWN, TOU=T' E)/STI TH=S QE/SEWS, METHNE/XQH TO\ KEI=SQAI, H(/TIS E)STI\ MI/A TW=N KATHGORIW=N: AU(/TH GA\R GE/NOS E)STI\ TOU= E(STA/NAI KAI\ A)NAKEKLI/SQAI [2KAI\ KAQE/ZESQAI]2. W(/STE TO\ EI)=DOS TW=N PRO/S TI, TOU=T' E)/STIN H( QE/SIS, MI/AN E)/TEKE KATHGORI/AN TH\N TOU= KEI=SQAI. KAI\ OU)DE\N QAUMASTO/N: KAI\ DU/O GA\R EI)/DH TOU= POSOU= DU/O E)/TEKON KATHGORI/AS, O( TO/POS TH\N POU= KAI\ O( XRO/NOS TH\N POTE/, OU)X O(/TI O( TO/POS LE/GETAI POU=, A)LLA\ TA\ PRA/GMATA TA\ E)N TW=| TO/PW| O)/NTA, OU)DE\ O( XRO/NOS AU)TO\S POTE/, A)LLA\ TA\ E)N XRO/NW| GINO/MENA PRA/GMATA. A)PORH/SEIE D' A)/N TIS PRO\S TO\N FILO/SOFON DIA\ TI/ TA\ QE/SEWS EI)/DH KAI\ U(PO\ TO\ PRO/S TI KAI\ U(PO\ TH\N QE/SIN A)NA/GEI: TAU=TA GA\R U(PO\ TH\N TOU= KEI=SQAI KATHGORI/AN E)/DEI A)NA/GESQAI. PRO\S O(\N LE/GOMEN O(/TI OU) PA/NTWS TA\ A)PO/ TINOS PARWNU/MWS LEGO/MENA U(PO\ TH\N AU)TH\N KATHGORI/AN TELEI=: I)DOU\ GA\R A)PO\ TH=S GRAMMATIKH=S O( GRAMMATIKO/S: KAI\ H( ME\N GRAMMATIKH\ E)PISTH/MH OU)=SA U(PO\ TH\N POIO/THTA A)NA/GETAI, O( DE\ GRAMMATIKO\S U(PO\ TH\N OU)SI/AN. OU(/TW KAI\ E)PI\ TOU/TWN TH\N ME\N E)NE/RGEIAN U(PO\ TA\ PRO/S TI A)NA/GOMEN, AU)TO\ DE\ TO\ KEI/MENON U(PO\ TH\N KEI=SQAI KATHGORI/AN. {1<20*PARWNU/MWS DE\ A)PO\ TW=N EI)RHME/NWN QE/SEWN LE/GONTAI.>20}1 @*SHMEIWTE/ON O(/TI KALW=S E)N TOI=S PROLABOU=SIN E)LE/GOMEN O(/TI XREI/A TH=S TW=N PARWNU/MWN DIDASKALI/AS E)N TW=| PARO/NTI SUGGRA/MMATI: I)DOU\ GA\R AU)TO\S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS FAI/NETAI TOU/TWN MEMNHME/NOS. PROE/LABEN DE\ E)N TH=| A)RXH=| TH\N TOU/TWN DIDASKALI/AN EI)PW/N, I(/NA MH\ O)NO/MATA A)/GNWSTA TOI=S EI)SAGOME/NOIS @1 PARE/XH| KAI\ MH\ E)K TW=N FANERW=N A)LL' E)C A)GNW/STWN TH\N DIDASKALI/AN DO/CH| POIH/SASQAI, O(/PER E)STI\ DIABEBLHME/NON PARA\ TOI=S PALAIOTE/ROIS. {1<20*(UPA/RXEI DE\ KAI\ E)NANTIO/THS E)N TOI=S PRO/S TI, OI(=ON A)RETH\ KAKI/A| E)NANTI/A, E(KA/TERON TW=N PRO/S TI O)/N, KAI\ E)PISTH/MH A)GNOI/A|. OU) PA=SI DE\ TOI=S PRO/S TI U(PA/RXEI E)NANTI/ON.>20}1 @*META\ TH\N YEUDH= U(POGRAFH\N TW=N PRO/S TI E)PI\ TA\ I)/DIA LOIPO\N META-BE/BHKEN O( FILO/SOFOS. KAI\ PRW=TON I)/DION A)PODI/DWSI TW=N PRO/S TI TO\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON. A)LL' EU)QE/WS H(MA=S ZH/THSIS DIADE/XETAI: FASI\ GA\R TI/NOS XA/RIN O( <20KAI/>20 SU/NDESMOS PROTE/QEITAI. [2FAME\N]2 O(/TI KAI\ DIA\ TA\ ME/LLONTA KAI\ DIA\ TA\ FQA/SANTA: DIA\ ME\N TA\ ME/LLONTA, E)PEIDH\ E)LE/GOMEN A)KOLOUQEI=N TH=| E)NANTIO/THTI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N SUNEFE/LKETAI KAI\ H( E)NANTI/WSIS TW=| MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON [1ME/LLEI GA\R A)PODOU=NAI KAI\ TOU=TO I)/DION U(PA/RXON TW=N PRO/S TI]1, EI)KO/TWS OU)=N O( <20KAI/>20 SU/NDESMOS PRO/SKEITAI. PRO\S DE\ TA\ FQA/SANTA, E)PEIDH\ H( YEUDH\S U(POGRAFH\ I)DI/W| A)NALOGEI=. I)DI/W| DE\ A)NALOGEI=, DIO/TI KAI\ H( U(PO-GRAFH\ E)K SUMBEBHKO/TWN, KAI\ PA/LIN DIO/TI H( U(POGRAFH\ KAQA/PER TO\ I)/DION A)NTISTRE/FEIN BOU/LETAI. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N TH\N U(POGRAFH\N A)PODEDW/KAMEN A)NA-LOGOU=SAN I)DI/W|, W(S R(HQE/NTOS PRW/TOU I)DI/OU OU(/TWS E)PH/GAGEN TO\N <20KAI/>20 SU/N-DESMON, DHLW=N DI' AU)TOU= O(/TI OU)DE\N I)DI/OU DIENH/NOXEN H( U(POGRAFH/. META\ TAU=TA E(TE/RA TIS H(MA=S A)PORI/A DIADE/XETAI H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI TI/NOS XA/RIN EI)=PEN <20U(PA/RXEI,>20 KAI\ MH\ EI)=PEN H)\ "3KOINO/N"3 H)\ "3I)/DION"3. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI E)PEIDH\ E)LE/GOMEN O(/TI TO\ I)/DION KAI\ PANTI\ KAI\ MO/NW| E)FARMO/ZEI: O(/TE ME\N GA\R PANTI\ E)FARMO/ZEI, TO/TE LE/GETAI EI)=NAI KOINO/N, O(/TE DE\ MO/NW|, LE/GETAI I)/DION EI)=NAI. E)PEI\ OU)=N TO\ PROKEI/MENON I)/DION OU)/TE PANTI\ U(PA/RXEI, W(S AU)TO/S FHSIN, OU)/TE DE\ MO/NW|, A)LLA\ KAI\ TAI=S POIO/THSIN, W(S DEIXQH/SETAI, EI)KO/TWS OU)/TE KOINO\N AU)TO\ EI)/RHKEN W(S MH\ PANTI\ U(PA/RXON, OU)/TE I)/DION W(S MH\ MO/NW|, A)LL' <20U(PA/RXEI>20 TOU=TO PROSHGO/REUSEN. A)LLA\ PA/LIN A)POROU=SI LE/GONTES O(/TI EI) MH/TE PA=SIN U(PA/RXEI MH/TE MO/NOIS, DH=LON W(S TISI\ ME\N U(PA/RXEI TISI\ DE\ OU)X U(PA/RXEI: KAIRO\S OU)=N TOU=TO PROSDIORI/SASQAI KAI\ DEI=CAI TI/SI ME\N U(PA/RXEI TW=N PRO/S TI TO\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON, TI/SI DE\ OU)X U(PA/RXEI. LE/GOMEN OU)=N O(/TI TA\ PRO/S TI I)DI/AN U(/LHN OU)K E)/XEI, A)LLA\ PARAFUA/DI E)/OIKEN E)N PA/SAIS EU(RISKO/MENA KATHGORI/AIS. O(/TE GOU=N H( KATHGORI/A, E)N H(=| E)STIN AU)TH\ H( TOU= PRO/S TI SXE/SIS, E)/XEI E)NANTI/ON, TO/TE KAI\ TA\ PRO/S TI E)N TAU/TH| QEWROU/MENA E)/XEI E)NANTI/A. O(/TE DE\ AI( KATHGORI/AI, E)N AI(=S TA\ PRO/S TI/ E)STIN, OU)K E)/XOUSIN E)NANTI/A, OU)DE\ TA\ PRO/S TI TA\ E)N TAU/TAIS TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS QEWROU/MENA E(/CEI E)NANTI/A: OI(=ON E)PEIDH\ H( OU)SI/A OU)K E)/XEI E)NANTI/ON, W(S I)/SMEN, OU)DE\ TA\ PRO/S TI TA\ E)N TAU/TH| QEW-ROU/MENA E(/CEI E)NANTI/ON, OI(=ON PATH\R_UI(O/S, DECIO\S_A)RISTERO/S. PA/LIN E)PEIDH\ TO\ POSO\N OU)K E)/XEI E)NANTI/ON, OU)DE\ TA\ E)N TAU/TH| QEWROU/MENA TH=| @1 KATHGORI/A| PRO/S TI E)/XOUSIN E)NANTI/ON, OI(=ON TO\ DIPLA/SION KAI\ TO\ DI/PHXU. E)PEIDH\ DE\ TO\ POIO/N, W(S DEIXQH/SETAI, E)/XEI E)NANTI/ON, TOU/TOU XA/RIN KAI\ TA\ PRO/S TI TA\ E)N TAU/TH| QEWROU/MENA TH=| KATHGORI/A| E)/XOUSIN E)NANTI/ON, OI(=ON H( E)PISTH/MH TH\N A)/GNOIAN. A)LL' E)NTEU=QEN E(/TEROS H(MA=S DIADE/XETAI LO/GOS LE/GWN O(/TI EI) TISI\ ME\N U(PA/RXEI TISI\ DE\ OU)X U(PA/RXEI, E)/CESTIN E)PI\ TOU/TOU TOU= I)DI/OU KAI\ KATAFATIKH=| XRH/SASQAI TH=| FWNH=| KAI\ A)POFATIKH=|, KAI\ DIO/TI ME\N U(PA/RXEI TISI/, DUNATO\N EI)PEI=N O(/TI TA\ PRO/S TI E)/XOUSIN E)NANTI/A, DIO/TI DE\ TISI\N OU)X U(PA/RXEI, OU)DE\N A)PEIKO\S A)POFATIKH=| XRH/SASQAI TH=| FWNH=| KAI\ LE/GEIN O(/TI TOI=S PRO/S TI OU)DE/N E)STIN E)NANTI/ON. EI) OU)=N DE/DEIKTAI O(/TI DUNATO\N KAI\ KATAFA/SEI KAI\ A)POFA/SEI E)PI\ TOU/TOU XRH/SASQAI TOU= I)DI/OU, TI/NOS XA/RIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH\N KATA/FASIN TH=S A)POFA/SEWS PROETI/MHSEN; PRO\S O(/N FAMEN W(S EI)KO/TWS PROETI/MHSE TH\N KATA/FASIN TH=S A)POFA/SEWS DIA\ DU/O AI)TI/AS: PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI H( KATA/FASIS W(RISME/NH E)STI\N W(S DHLOU=SA KAI\ TI/ E)/STIN, H( DE\ A)PO/FASIS 舎A)O/RISTOS W(S LE/GOUSA TI/ OU)K E)/STIN, OU) ME/NTOI GE TI/ E)/STIN. EI)KO/TWS OU)=N TO\ W(RISME/NON, TOU=T' E)/STI TH\N KATA/FASIN, TOU= A)ORI/STOU, TOU=T' E)/STI TH=S A)PO-FA/SEWS, PROETI/MHSEN. DEU/TERON DE/, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, H( A)PODEDOME/NH U(POGRAFH\ I)DI/W| A)NALOGEI=, TW=| DE\ I)DI/W| MA=LLON A(RMO/ZEI H( KATA/FASIS W(S DHLOU=SA TH\N FU/SIN TOU= PRA/GMATOS [1KAI\ GA\R KAI\ TO\ I)/DION TOU=TO BOU/LETAI EI)PEI=N]1 [2H)\]2 H( A)PO/FASIS H( E)NANTIOUME/NH TH=| FU/SEI TOU= PRA/GMATOS TH=S U(POGRAFH=S. DIA\ TAU/TAS OU)=N TA\S AI)TI/AS TH\N KATA/FASIN PROETI/MHSEN TH=S A)POFA/SEWS, KAI\ DIA\ TO\ W(RISME/NHN EI)=NAI KAI\ DIA\ TO\ A(RMO/ZEIN TH=| FU/SEI TOU= I)DI/OU, W(S A)NALOGOU/SHS TW=| I)DI/W| TH=S U(POGRAFH=S. @*)ENTEU=QEN E)PI\ TO\ DEU/TERON I)/DION METABE/BHKEN O( FILO/SOFOS, TO\ TA\ PRO/S TI E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON. PERI\ OU(= OU)DE\N E)ROU=MEN W(S PA/NTWN TW=N A)NWTE/RW EI)RHME/NWN LO/GWN A(RMOZO/NTWN KAI\ E)PI\ TOU/TOU: E)LE/GOMEN GA\R O(/TI TW=| E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON A)KOLOUQEI=. TRI/TON DE\ I)/DION A)PODI/DWSI FA/SKWN O(/TI TA\ PRO/S TI PRO\S A)NTISTRE/FONTA LE/GETAI. A)LL' EU)QE/WS H(MA=S A)PORI/A DIADE/XETAI O(/TI EI) KAI\ TA\ PRO/S TI A)NTISTRE/FEI KAI\ TO\ I)/DION A)NTISTRE/FEI, SUGXUQH/SETAI TOU/TWN H( TA/CIS KAI\ E)/STAI TA\ PRO/S TI I)/DIA KAI\ TA\ I)/DIA PRO/S TI. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI A)/LLO E)STI\ TO\ A)NTISTRE/FEIN KAI\ A)/LLO TO\ PRO\S A)NTISTRE/FONTA LE/GESQAI: TO\ ME\N GA\R A)NTISTRE/FEIN E)STI\ TO\ E)CISA/ZEIN, TO\ ME/NTOI GE PRO/S TI E)CISA/ZEI, OU) PA/NTA DE\ TA\ E)CISA/ZONTA PRO/S TI/ E)STI. TOU/TOU XA/RIN OU)K EI)=PEN O( FILO/SOFOS A)NTISTRE/FEIN, A)LLA\ PRO\S A)NISTRE/FONTA LE/GESQAI, I(/NA A)FORI/SH| TW=N PRO/S TI TA\ I)/DIA. E)PISKEPTE/ON DE\ O(/TI E)A\N MH\ DIORQW/SEWS TU/XH| TO\ PARO\N I)/DION, OU)K E)/STAI KURI/WS A)PODEDOME/NON TOI=S PRO/S TI. KAI\ I(/NA TOU=TO KATASKEUA/SH|, DU/O PARADEI/GMATA LAMBA/NEI O( FILO/-SOFOS, E)N A)MFOTE/ROIS TO\ O(/LON KAI\ TO\ ME/ROS U(PA/RXON, A)LL' E)N ME\N TW=| E(NI\ TO\ ME/ROS TOU= O(/LOU KAQOLIKW/TERO/N E)STIN, E)N DE\ TW=| E(TE/RW| TO\ O(/LON TOU= ME/ROUS KAQOLIKW/TERON. TO\ ME\N OU)=N E)/XON TO\ ME/ROS TOU= O(/LOU KAQOLIKW/TERON TOIOU=TO/N E)STIN: OI(=ON O)/RNIS PTERO\N E)/XEI. OU) PA=N DE\ E)/XON PTERO\N O)/RNIS E)STI/, A)LLA\ @1 MA=LLON PTHNO/N: TOU=TO GA\R EI)S TRI/A DIAIREI=TAI: TW=N GA\R PTHNW=N TA\ ME/N E)STIN U(MENO/PTERA W(S MUI=AI, TA\ DE\ SARKO/PTERA W(S NUKTERI/DES, TA\ DE\ SXIZO/-PTERA W(S AI( O)/RNIQES. KALW=S OU)=N E)LE/GOMEN O(/TI TO\ PTERO/N, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ ME/ROS, KAQOLIKW/TERON TOU= O(/LOU TH=S O)/RNIQOS: E)PI\ PLE/ON GA/R E)STI TH=S O)/RNIQOS TO\ PTERO/N. TO\ DE\ E(/TERON PARA/DEIGMA, E)N W(=| TO\ O(/LON TOU= ME/ROUS KAQOLIKW/-TERO/N E)STI, TOIOU=TO/N E)STIN: FHSI\N O(/TI TO\ PHDA/LION PLOI/OU PHDA/LION, OU)KE/TI ME/NTOI KAI\ TO\ PLOI=ON PHDALI/OU PLOI=ON: TA\ GA\R A)KA/TIA, PLOI=A U(PA/RXONTA, OU)K E)/XEI PHDA/LIA. E)PI\ PLE/ON OU)=N E)STIN E)NTAU=QA TO\ O(/LON TOU= ME/ROUS, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ PLOI=ON TOU= PHDALI/OU. PW=S OU)=N OI)KEI/A E)/STAI [2H(]2 TOU/TWN A)PO/DOSIS; KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI EI) TO\ ME\N MEI=ZON KAQE/LWMEN, TO\ DE\ E)/LATTON AU)CH/SWMEN, TO/TE EU(REQEI/H KURI/WS A)NTISTRE/FONTA: OI(=ON E)PEI\ TO\ PTERO\N KAQOLIKW/TERO/N E)STI TH=S O)/RNIQOS, AU)CH/SWMEN TH\N O)/RNIN, OU)KE/TI PRO\S O)/RNIQA TO\ PTERO\N A)PO-DIDO/NTES, A)LLA\ PRO\S PTERWTO/N, KAI\ E)/STIN KURI/WS H( A)NTISTROFH/. PA/LIN DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= E(TE/ROU PARADEI/GMATOS TO\ MEI=ZON KAQAIROU=MEN, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ PLOI=ON, KAI\ OU)KE/TI TO\ PHDA/LION PLOI/OU A)PODI/DOMEN, A)LLA\ MA=LLON PHDALIWTOU=. @*)ENTEU=QEN H(MA=S A)PORI/A DIADE/XETAI H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI DIA\ TI/ O)NOMATOQE-TOU=MEN, KAI/TOI TOU= FILOSO/FOU E)N TH=| *POIHTIKH=| PRAGMATEI/A| A)PAGOREU/ONTOS MH\ O)NOMATOQETEI=N, I(/NA MH\ TH\N A)RXAI/AN PARABW=MEN XRH=SIN. PW=S OU)=N E)NTAU=QA AU)TO\S FAI/NETAI O)NOMATOQETW=N; KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI E)/LEGEN MH\ O)NOMATO-QETEI=N, E)F' W(=N KEI=TAI O)/NOMA. H(MEI=S OU)=N O)NOMATOQETOU=MEN PRW=TON ME\N E)F' W(=N OU)K E)/STIN O)/NOMA: TOU=TO GA\R POIOU=NTES OU)/TE TH\N A)RXAI/AN PARABAI/NOMEN XRH=SIN, A)LLA\ KAI\ TAU/THN EU)PORWTE/RAN DEI/KNUMEN. DEU/TERON DE\ O)NOMATO-QETOU=MEN, OU)X I(/NA KAQO/LOU XRHSW/MEQA, A)LL' I(/NA TH\N TW=N A)NTISTREFO/NTWN A)PO/DOSIN TELEIW/SWMEN. O(/TI DE\ A)LHQEI=S EI)SIN AI( A)PODEDOME/NAI LU/SEIS TH=S A)PORI/AS, FAI/NETAI KAI\ AU)TO\S E)PI\ TOU= AU)TOU= TAU/THN OU(/TWS E)PILUO/MENOS: FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI <20E)NI/OTE DE\ KAI\ O)NOMATOPOIEI=N I)/SWS A)NAGKAI=ON, E)A\N MH\ H)=| KEI/MENON O)/NOMA.>20 KAI\ DIA\ ME\N TOU= EI)PEI=N TO\ <20E)NI/OTE>20 KAI\ <20I)/SWS>20 H)|NI/CATO TH\N PRW/THN E)PI/LUSIN TH\N LE/GOUSAN O(/TI E)PI\ TOU/TWN O)NOMATOQETOU=MEN, E)F' W(=N MH\ E)/STIN O)/NOMA, DIA\ DE\ TOU= EI)PEI=N <20A)NAGKAI=ON>20 TH\N DEUTE/RAN E)PI/-LUSIN A)PEDH/LWSE TH\N LE/GOUSAN O(/TI OU)X I(/NA XRHSW/MEQA DIA\ PANTO/S, O)NO-MATOQETOU=MEN, %2%2 O(/TI E)PI\ TW=N A)NTISTREFO/NTWN OU)K E)F' W(=N A)MFO/TERA O)NO/MATA KEI=TAI, E)PEI\ EU(REQEI/HMEN TH\N XRH=SIN PARABAI/NONTES, A)LL' E)F' W(=N KEI=TAI TO\ ME/N, TO\ DE\ MH\ KEI=TAI, E)K TOU= KEIME/NOU O)NOMA/ZOMEN TO\ MH\ E)/XON O)/NOMA, OI(=ON E)LE/GOMEN A)PO\ TOU= PTEROU= TO\ PTERWTO\N KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= PHDALI/OU TO\ PHDALIWTO/N. I(/NA DE\ GNW=MEN EI)/TE KURI/WS A)PODE/DOTAI TO\ PRO/S TI EI)/TE MH/, KANO/NI TOIOU/TW| XRHSW/MEQA: E)A\N A)PODOQH=| TI PRO\S E(/TERON, A)NE/LW DE\ PA/NTA TA\ PAREPO/MENA E)KEI/NW|, MEI/NH| DE\ E)PI\ TOU/TW| SWZO/MENON PRO\S O(\ A)PEDO/QH, KURI/A E)/STAI H( A)PO/DOSIS, E)A\N DE\ A)PODOQH=| TI PRO\S E(/TERON, E(NO\S @1 DE\ TW=N PAREPOME/NWN E)KEI/NW| PRO\S O(\ A)PEDO/QH A)NAIROUME/NOU, OU)KE/TI SW/ZHTAI TOU=TO PRO\S O(\ A)PEDO/QH, OU)K E)/STAI KURI/A H( A)PO/DOSIS. OI(=ON A)PODEDW/KAMEN TO\N DOU=LON PRO\S *SWKRA/THN KAI\ DESPO/THN: PRO\S ME\N DESPO/THN KURI/WS A)PO-DI/DOMEN, W(S I)/SMEN E)K TOU= EI)RHME/NOU KANO/NOS, PRO\S DE\ TO\N *SWKRA/THN OU) PA/NTWS: E)A\N GA\R A)PODW= TO\N DOU=LON PRO\S DESPO/THN, A)NE/LW DE\ TA\ PAREPO/-MENA TW=| DESPO/TH|, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\N *SWKRA/THN, TO\N *)AQHNAI=ON, TO\N SIMO/N, TO\N PROGA/STORA, TO\N FALAKRO/N, TO\N *SWFRONI/SKOU *)ARXIMH/DOUS, OU)D' E(\N PARE/BLAYA TH\N DESPOTIKH\N SXE/SIN, A)LL' E)/TI KAI\ PA/NTWN TOU/TWN A)NAIROU-ME/NWN O( DOU=LOS DESPO/TOU DOU=LO/S E)STIN. EI) DE\ PA/LIN A)PODW=MEN TO\N DOU=LON PRO\S *SWKRA/THN, A)NE/LW DE\ TA\ PAREPO/MENA TW=| *SWKRA/TEI, MH\ ME/NTOI GE PA/NTA, A)LL' E(\N KAI\ MO/NON TO\ DESPO/THN EI)=NAI, H)FA/NISA DHLONO/TI KAI\ TH\N A)PO/DOSIN: DESPO/TOU GA\R MH\ O)/NTOS, KA)\N *SWKRA/THS H)=|, KA)\N SIMO\S H)=|, KA)\N PROGA/STWR, KA)\N *)AQHNAI=OS, OU) SW/ZETAI H( TOU= DESPO/TOU PRO\S TO\N DOU=LON SXE/SIS: DH=LON GA\R O(/TI TOU= DESPO/TOU A)NAIROUME/NOU SUNANAIREQH/SETAI KAI\ TO\ EI)=NAI DOU=LON *SWKRA/TOUS. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A KE#.]2>20}1 {1<20*(UPA/RXEI DE\ KAI\ E)NANTIO/THS E)N TOI=S PRO/S TI, OI(=ON A)RETH\ KAKI/A| E)NANTI/ON, E(KA/TERON TW=N PRO/S TI O)/N, KAI\ E)PISTH/MH A)GNOI/A|. OU) PA=SI DE\ TOI=S PRO/S TI U(PA/RXEI E)NANTI/ON: TW=| GA\R DIPLASI/W| OU)DE/N E)STIN E)NANTI/ON, OU)DE\ TW=| TRIPLASI/W|, OU)DE\ TW=N TOIOU/TWN TINI/.>20}1 @*)ELE/GOMEN E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| O(/TI TW=N PRO/S TI [2TINA\ ME\N]2 E)/XEI E)NANTI/A, TINA\ DE\ OU)K E)/XEI, KAI\ PROSDIWRISA/MEQA LE/GONTES O(/TI TAU=TA E)/XEI E)NANTI/A TA\ EU(RI-SKO/MENA E)N KATHGORI/AIS E)XOU/SAIS KAI\ AU)TAI=S E)NANTI/A. TOU=TO GOU=N A)/KOUE TOU= FILOSO/FOU LE/GONTOS: E)PEIDH\ GA\R TO\ POIO/N, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, E)/XEI E)NANTI/ON, H( DE\ A)RETH\ KAI\ H( E)PISTH/MH POIA/ E)STI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN KAI\ AU)TO\S EI)=PEN TOU/TOIS E)NANTI/A EI)=NAI. O(/TE DE\ TO\ POSO\N OU)DE\N E)/XEI E)NANTI/ON, AU)TOU= LE/GONTOS A)/KOUE TOU= FILOSO/FOU <20TW=| GA\R DIPLASI/W| OU)DE/N E)STIN E)NANTI/ON, OU)DE\ TW=| TRIPLASI/W|.>20 {1<20*OI(=ON TO\ PTERO\N E)A\N A)PODOQH=| O)/RNIQOS, OU)K A)NTISTRE/FEI O)/RNIS PTEROU=: OU) GA\R OI)KEI/WS TO\ PRW=TON A)PODE/DOTAI PTERO\N O)/RNIQOS.>20}1 @*OI)KEI/WS OU)=N KAI\ H(MEI=S EI)RH/KAMEN. EI) DE\ "3O)/RNIS PTEROU="3 OI)KEI/A E)/STAI H( A)PO/DOSIS, PW=S OU)=N TO\ ME\N OU)K A)LHQE\S A)PEDE/CATO, TO\ DE\ A)LHQE\S E)/FHSEN @1 MH\ EI)=NAI; PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI TOU=TO PEPOI/HKEN GUMNA/ZWN H(MA=S KATA-FRONEI=N ME\N TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN, E)PIDIW/KEIN DE\ TA\ KAQO/LOU, O(/PER E)N TOI=S *)ANALUTIKOI=S FAI/NETAI PEPOIHKE/NAI: E)KEI= GA\R A)PODOU\S PARA/DEIGMA MH\ O)RQW=S E)/XON, E)PH/GAGE LE/GWN "3BE/LTION DE\ TOU\S O(/ROUS LABEI=N"3. {1<20*)ENI/OTE DE\ KAI\ O)NOMATOPOIEI=N I)/SWS A)NAGKAI=ON, E)A\N MH\ KEI/-MENON O)/NOMA H)=|.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( A)PO\ TOU= O)NOMATOQETEI=N [2A)PORI/A]2, H(\N H(MEI=S DITTW=S E)PE-LUSA/MEQA, KAI\ AU)TODH/LH E)STI/N, W(S E)DEI/CAMEN E)N TH=| QEWRI/A|. {1<20*OU) GA\R H(=| ZW=|ON, KEFALH\N E)/XEI: POLLA\ GA\R TW=N ZW/|WN KEFALH\N OU)K E)/XEI.>20}1 @*PROSUPAKOU/EIN DEI= E)NTAU=QA PNEU/MONA/S TE QALATTI/OUS KAI\ KARKI/NOUS: I)STE/ON GA\R O(/TI TAU=TA KEFALH\N OU)K E)/XEI, MORI/OU DE/ TINOS A)NALOGOU=NTOS KEFALH=| OU)K A)MOIROU=SI. {1<20*PERIAIROUME/NWN TW=N A)/LLWN O(/SA E)STI\N SUMBEBHKO/TA TW=| DESPO/TH|, OI(=ON TO\ DI/PODI EI)=NAI, TO\ E)PISTH/MHS DEKTIKW=| KAI\ TO\ A)NQRW/PW|.>20}1 @*)APORHTE/ON E)NTAU=QA PW=S TO\ DI/POUN, OU)SIW=DES U(PA/RXON, SUMBEBHKO\S E)KA/LESEN O( FILO/SOFOS. KAI/ FASIN O(/TI DITTO\N TO\ SUMBEBHKO/S: LE/GETAI GA\R KAI\ TO\ A)NTIDIAIROU/MENON TH=| OU)SI/A|, LE/GETAI DE\ SUMBEBHKO\S KAI\ TO\ E)/CWQEN AU)TOU= TOU= PROKEIME/NOU PRA/GMATOS EI)S E)CE/TASIN: OI(=ON E)A\N PERI\ POIO/THTOS DIALEGO/MENOI TH=S OU)SI/AS MNHSQW=MEN, SUMBEBHKO\S TH\N OU)SI/AN FAME/N, DIO/TI E(/TERO/N E)STI PARA\ TH\N TOU= PRA/GMATOS TOU= PROKEIME/NOU FU/SIN. SUMBEBHKO\S DE\ LE/GETAI, OU)X O(/TI E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)STI/N, A)LL' O(/TI MHDEMI/AN KOINWNI/AN E)/XEI PRO\S TH\N TOU= E)CETAZOME/NOU PRA/GMATOS FU/SIN. TOU/TW| TW=| SHMAINOME/NW| TO\ DI/POUN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS SUMBEBHKO\S E)KA/LESEN, W(S E)/CWQEN O)\N PARA\ TO\ DESPO/THS KAI\ DOU=LOS, O(\ PRO/KEITAI EI)S E)CE/TASIN. O(/TI DE\ TAU=TA OU(/TW E)/XEI DH=LON, O(PO/TE KAI\ AU)TO\ TO\ TOU= A)NQRW/POU O)/NOMA SUMBEBHKO\S E)/STIN EI)PEI=N EI)=NAI TOU= DESPO/TOU. A)/NEU ME\N OU)=N A)NQRW/POU %2%2 A)LL', W(S EI)/RHTAI, KATA\ TO\ DEU/TERON SHMAINO/MENON TOU= SUMBEBHKO/TOS E)NTAU=QA LHPTE/ON. @1 {1<20*DOKEI= DE\ TA\ PRO/S TI A(/MA TH=| FU/SEI EI)=NAI. KAI\ E)PI\ ME\N TW=N PLEI/STWN A)LHQE/S E)STIN: A(/MA GA\R DIPLA/SIO/N TE/ E)STI KAI\ H(/MISU, KAI\ H(MI/SEOS O)/NTOS DIPLA/SION E)/STIN, KAI\ DOU/LOU O)/NTOS DESPO/THS E)/STIN.>20}1 @*META\ TA\ PROEIRHME/NA I)/DIA, TOU=T' E)/STIN TH\N PRW/THN U(POGRAFH\N KAI\ TO\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/A KAI\ TO\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON, E)PI\ TO\ TELEU-TAI=ON I)/DION METABE/BHKEN O( FILO/SOFOS, KAI/ FHSIN O(/TI TA\ PRO/S TI A(/MA TH=| FU/SEI E)STI/N. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TOU= A(/MA MNH/MHN E)POIHSA/MEQA, FE/RE ZHTH/SWMEN POSAXW=S TO\ A(/MA. E)PEIDH\ DE\ TO\ A(/MA ME/SON PROTE/ROU KAI\ U(STE/ROU, MA/QWMEN POSAXW=S LE/GETAI TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ U(/STERON: O(SAXW=S GA\R TO\ A)/KRON, TOSAU-TAXW=S KAI\ TO\ ME/SON. E)PEIDH\ DE\ PA/LIN TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ U(/STERON A)NTI-KEI/MENA/ EI)SIN, MA/QWMEN POSAXW=S TO\ PRO/TERON. TO\ TOI/NUN PRO/TERON DIXW=S, H)\ XRO/NW| H)\ FU/SEI. KAI\ FU/SEI ME/N E)STIN, W(S POLLA/KIS EI)/RHTAI, TO\ SUNAN-AIROU=N KAI\ MH\ SUNANAIROU/MENON, TO\ SUNEISFERO/MENON KAI\ MH\ SUNEISFE/RON. XRO/NW| DE/ E)STIN PRO/TERON, W(S EI) TU/XOI O( *TRWI+KO\S PO/LEMOS E(TE/ROU TINO/S. EI) TOI/NUN TO\ PRO/TERON DITTO/N, H)\ FU/SEI H)\ XRO/NW|, O(SAXW=S DE\ TO\ A)/KRON TOSAUTAXW=S KAI\ TO\ ME/SON, DH=LON O(/TI KAI\ TO\ A(/MA DIXW=S, FU/SEI KAI\ XRO/NW|. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N I)/DION A)PODE/DWKEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TW=N PRO/S TI TO\ A(/MA TH=| FU/SEI EI)=NAI, I)STE/ON O(/TI TOU=TO TO\ I)/DION PA=SI ME\N U(PA/RXEI TOI=S PRO/S TI, OU) MO/NOIS DE/, A)LLA\ KAI\ TOI=S I)DI/OIS: TA\ GA\R I)/DIA A(/MA EI)SI\N TW=N EI)DW=N, W(=N EI)SIN I)/DIA. O( TOI/NUN *)ARISTOTE/LHS OU)X OU(/TWS [2W(S]2 PRO/TERON, A)LL' E(TE/RAN O(DO\N BADI/SAS DEI/KNUSIN OU)X O(/TI PA=SIN U(PA/RXEI, A)LL' O(/TI OU) PA=SIN, OU)X W(S A)LH-QEU/WN, A)LLA\ GUMNASTIKW=S PROI+W/N. KAI\ LAMBA/NEI DU/O E)PIXEIRH/MATA, TH/N TE E)PISTH/MHN KAI\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ TO\ A(/MA DITTO\N E)LE/GOMEN, KAI\ FU/SEI KAI\ XRO/NW|, E)PI\ ME\N TH=S E)PISTH/MHS OU) LAMBA/NEI TO\ A)PO\ TH=S FU/SEWS MO/NON %2%2 KAI\ TOU=TO EI)KO/TWS: AI( ME\N [2GA\R]2 E)PISTH=MAI U(/STERON H(MI=N PROS-GI/NONTAI, KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN OU)DE\N A)/TOPON E)PIXEIREI=N A)PO\ XRO/NOU, AI( DE\ AI)SQH/SEIS A(/MA SUGGI/NONTAI H(MI=N, DIO\ KAI\ TH\N A)PO\ TOU= XRO/NOU PARALE/LOIPEN E)PIXEI/RHSIN. TA\ ME\N [2OU)=N]2 A)PO\ TH=S E)PISTH/MHS E)PIXEIRH/MATA TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: KAI\ PRO/TERON LAMBA/NEI TA\ A)PO\ TOU= XRO/NOU KAI/ FHSIN O(/TI OU) PA/NTA TA\ PRO/S TI A(/MA EI)SI/N: I)DOU\ GA\R TA\ E)PISTHTA\ PRO/TERA/ E)STIN TH=S E)PI-STH/MHS: TH\N GA\R E)PISTH/MHN O)/NTWN TW=N PRAGMA/TWN LAMBA/NOMEN %2%2 DH=LON O(/TI TA\ E)PISTHTA\ PRO/TERA TH=S E)PISTH/MHS: W(S GA\R EI)/RHTAI, KAI\ MH\ OU)/SHS E)PI-STH/MHS TA\ PRO/S TI E)/STI: DH=LON O(/TI OU)/K EI)SIN A(/MA TA\ PRO/S TI. KAI\ TOU=TO ME\N TO\ A)PO\ TOU= XRO/NOU E)PIXEI/RHMA. TO\ DE\ A)PO\ TH=S FU/SEW/S E)STI TOIOU=TON: TO\ ZW=|ON A)NAIROU/MENON TH\N E)PISTH/MHN A)NAIREI=, OU) ME/NTOI GE KAI\ TO\ E)PI-STHTO/N: DU/NATAI GA\R KAI\ MH\ OU)/SHS E)PISTH/MHS EI)=NAI TA\ E)PISTHTA\ W(S PRA/-GMATA: TA\ GA\R PRA/GMATA PRO\ TH=S E)PISTH/MHS. OU(/TW KAI\ TA\ TE/SSARA STOI- @1XEI=A PRO\ TH=S *(IPPOKRA/TOUS I)ATRIKH=S U(PH=RXEN, KAI\ TA\ A)/STRA PRO\ TH=S *QALOU= A)STRONOMI/AS. EI) OU)=N TO\ ZW=|ON A)NAIROU/MENON TH\N E)PISTH/MHN A)NAIREI= MO/NHN, TH=S DE\ E)PISTH/MHS A)NAIROUME/NHS OU) SUNANAIREI=TAI KAI\ TO\ E)PISTHTO/N, DH=LON O(/TI OU)X A(/MA EI)SI\N H(/ TE E)PISTH/MH KAI\ TO\ E)PISTHTO/N. W(SAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S AI)SQH/SEWS: TO\ ME\N ZW=|ON A)NAIROU/MENON TH\N AI)/SQHSIN A)NAIREI=, OU) ME/NTOI GE KAI\ TO\ AI)SQHTO/N. EI) OU)=N TO\ ZW=|ON MO/NHN TH\N AI)/SQHSIN A)NAIREI=, DH=LON O(/TI PRO/TERON TO\ AI)SQHTO\N TH=S AI)SQH/SEWS, KAI\ EU(REQH/SETAI MH\ A(/MA TA\ PRO/S TI. A)/LLWS TE DE\ TO\ A)NAIROU=N TO\ KAQOLIKW/TERON E)KEI=NO PRO/TERO/N E)STI. TO\ ME\N OU)=N AI)SQHTO\N A)NAIREI= TO\ SW=MA KAQOLIKW/TERON O)/N, TO\ DE\ ZW=|ON TH\N AI)/SQHSIN A)NAIREI=, OU) ME/NTOI GE KAI\ TO\ SW=MA. EI) OU)=N TO\ SW=MA KAQOLIKW/-TERO/N E)STIN TH=S AI)SQH/SEWS, A)NAIREI= DE\ TO\ SW=MA TO\ AI)SQHTO/N, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ KAQOLIKW/TERON, PRO/TERON A)/RA TO\ AI)SQHTO\N W(S TO\ AI)SQHTIKO\N A)NAIROU=N. H( LU/SIS DE\ TH=| ME\N PRW/TH| E)STI\N AU(/TH: O(/TI TA\ AI)SQHTA\ E)NTAU=QA TH=S AI)SQH/-SEW/S EI)SIN PRO/TERA, W(S PRA/GMATA/ E)STIN, OU) ME/NTOI GE W(S AI)SQHTA/. W(SAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ TA\ E)PISTHTA\ W(S PRA/GMATA/ E)STIN PRO/TERA TH=S E)PISTH/MHS, OU)X W(S E)PISTHTA/. A)/LLWS TE DE\ OU) KALW=S GE/GONEN H( E)CE/TASIS: TA\ ME\N GA\R E)PISTHTA\ DUNA/MEI E)PISTHTA\ PERIELA/BOMEN, TH\N DE\ E)PISTH/MHN E)NERGEI/A| E)PISTH/MHN. OU) DEI= DE\ OU(/TW PARABALEI=N, A)LLA\ TA\ DUNA/MEI TOI=S DUNA/MEI KAI\ TA\ E)NERGEI/A| TOI=S E)NERGEI/A|, I(/NA TO/TE A(/MA TA\ PRO/S TI EU(REQW=SIN. @*)EPEI\ OU)=N META\ TA\ I)/DIA E)PI\ TH\N A)LHQINH\N U(POGRAFH\N ME/LLOMEN POREU/-ESQAI, FE/RE TE/SSARA/S TINAS A)PORI/AS PRO\S TAU/THN KINH/SWMEN, W(=N H( PRW/TH TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: EI) TO\ PRO/S TI O(RIZO/MENOS TOU= E(TE/ROU E)MNH/SQH [1E)/LEGEN GA\R O(/TI PRO/S TI/ E)STIN O(/SA AU)TA\ A(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/RWN EI)=NAI LE/GETAI]1, TO\ DE\ E(/TERON PRO/S TI [1E(TE/ROU GA/R E)STIN E(/TERON]1, TA\ PRO/S TI A)/RA DIA\ TOU= PRO/S TI W(RI/SATO. TAU/THS TH=S A)PORI/AS DITTH\N PROFE/ROUSI TH\N LU/SIN. PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI E)PI\ TW=N A)SXE/TWN PRAGMA/TWN DIABE/BLHTAI H( DIA/LLHLOS DEI=CIS, E)PI\ DE\ TW=N PRO/S TI OU)KE/TI DIABE/BLHTAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ SUMBA/LLETAI PRO\S TH\N TOU/TWN DIDASKALI/AN. DEU/TERON DE\ O(/TI OU)K A)LHQH= TH\N U(POGRAFH\N A)PODE/DWKE TW=N PRO/S TI, DIO\ KAI\ TOIAU/TH| E)XRH/SATO FWNH=|. DEUTE/RA A)PORI/A: EI) MH\ MO/NON TO\ E(/TERO/N E)STI TOU= PRO/S TI, A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ AU)TO/, TI/NOS XA/RIN TO\ E(/TERON MO/NON PERIE/LABEN, TO\ DE\ TAU)TO\N PARH=KEN; TOU=TO GA\R POIH/SAS E)LLEIPH= TO\N O(RISMO\N A)PODE/DWKEN TW=N PRO/S TI. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI EI)KO/TWS TO\ TAU)TO\N PARA-LE/LOIPEN: EI) GA\R MURIA/KIS AU)TO\ PRO\S AU)TO\ PARABA/LLETAI, A)LL' OU)=N E(/TERON 툢DOKEI= EI)=NAI TW=| DIPLOU=SQAI TH=| PRO\S E(AUTO\ PARABOLH=|. TRI/TH A)PORI/A: EI) TA\ PRO/S TI MI/A TW=N KATHGORIW=N, AI( DE\ KATHGORI/AI GE/NH, TA\ PRO/S TI GE/NH, OU)K E)/STIN A)/RA TA\ GE/NH PRO/S TI, A)LLA\ PA=N PRO/S TI GE/NOS. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI OU)DAMW=S: OU) PA=N GA\R PRO/S TI GE/NOS E)STI/N: I)DOU\ GA\R TO\ DECIO\N PRO/S TI O)\N OU)K E)/STIN GE/NOS, DIO/TI KAI\ MERIKO/N. TETA/RTH A)PORI/A: EI) TA\ PRO/S TI I)DI/AN U(/LHN OU)K E)/XEI, A)LL' U(POBE/BLHNTAI TOU/TOIS PA=SAI AI( KATHGORI/AI, TA\ DE\ E)N PA/SAIS TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS QEWROU/MENA O(MW/NUMA, TA\ A)/RA PRO/S TI O(MW/-NUMA. PRO\S TOU/TOUS PA/LIN E)NTAU=QA/ FAMEN O(/TI KAQOLIKW=S LAMBA/NETAI: @1 OU) GA\R TA\ E)N PA/SAIS TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS QEWROU/MENA O(MW/NUMA, A)LLA\ TA\ U(PO\ PA/SAS TA\S KATHGORI/AS A)NAGO/MENA. TA\ DE\ PRO/S TI E)N PA/SAIS QEWREI=TAI, OU) ME/NTOI U(PO\ PA/SAS A)NA/GETAI: OU)K A)/RA TA\ PRO/S TI O(MW/NUMA/ E)STI: A)/LLO GA/R E)STI TO\ E)N PA/SAIS TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS QEWREI=SQAI, KAI\ A)/LLO TO\ U(PO\ PA/SAS TA\S KATHGORI/AS A)NA/GESQAI. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PROKEIME/NHS QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A K#2#.]2>20}1 {1<20*OI(=ON O( TOU= KU/KLOU TETRAGWNISMO\S EI)/ GE E)/STIN E)PISTHTO/N, E)PISTH/MH ME\N AU)TOU= OU)K E)/STIN OU)/PW, TOU=TO DE\ E)PISTHTO/N E)STIN.>20}1 @*)EN TOI=S A)RIQMOI=S FHSIN H( A)RIQMHTIKH\ TETRA/GWNON A)RIQMO\N ME\N EI)=NAI TO\N E)F' E(AUTO\N POLUPLASIAZO/MENON, KU/KLON DE\ TO\N A)PO\ TOU= AU)TOU= A)RIQMOU= A)RXO/MENON KAI\ EI)S TO\N AU)TO\N LH/GONTA. SUMBAI/NEI DE\ POLLA/KIS A)RIQMO\N KAI\ E)PI/SHS POLUPLASIA/ZESQAI KAI\ EI)S TO\N AU)TO\N LH/GEIN, W(S EI)=NAI TO\N AU)TO\N A)RIQMO\N KU/KLON TE A(/MA KAI\ TETRA/GWNON, OI(=ON E)PI\ PARADEI/GMATOS TOU= LEGO-ME/NOU: LE/GOMEN OU(/TWS: PENTA/KIS PE/NTE EI)/KOSI PE/NTE: DIO/TI ME\N O( PE/NTE E)F' E(AUTO\N POLUPLASIA/ZETAI, TETRA/GWNO/S E)STI, DIO/TI DE\ A)PO\ TOU= AU)TOU= A)/RXETAI, TOU=T' E)/STI TA\ PE/NTE, KAI\ EI)S TO\ AU)TO\ LH/GEI, TA\ PE/NTE, KU/KLOS E)STI/N. W(S OU)=N E)NDE/XETAI TO\N AU)TO\N A)RIQMO\N EI)=NAI KAI\ KU/KLON KAI\ TETRA/GWNON, OU(/TWS KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N MEGEQW=N E)ZH/THSAN OI( PALAIOI\ EI) E)NDE/XETAI KU/KLON EI)=NAI I)/SA [2KAI\]2 TETRA/GWNON. TO\ DE\ OU)K E)/STIN. H( DE\ AI)TI/A, DIO/TI H( ME\N MONA\S KATA-METREI= TO\N A)RIQMO/N, ME/ROS OU)=SA TOU= A)RIQMOU=, TO\ DE\ SHMEI=ON OU) KATAMETREI= TA\ MEGE/QH: DIO/TI ME\N GA\R O( A)RIQMO\S MONA/SI KATAMETREI=TAI, DU/NATAI O( AU)TO\S KAI\ KU/KLOS EI)=NAI KAI\ TETRA/GWNOS, DIO/TI DE\ TA\ MEGE/QH OU) KATA-METROU=NTAI SHMEI/OIS, OU) DU/NATAI TO\ AU)TO\ ME/GEQOS KAI\ KU/KLOS EI)=NAI KAI\ TETRA/GWNON. O( TOI/NUN *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)PI\ TOU/TOU A)POREI= TH\N A)PORI/AN DEIKNU\S PRO/TERON U(PA/RXEIN TO\ E)PISTHTO\N TH=S E)PISTH/MHS. {1<20*)/EXEI DE\ A)PORI/AN PO/TERON OU)DEMI/A OU)SI/A TW=N PRO/S TI LE/GETAI, KAQA/PER DOKEI=, H)\ TOU=TO E)NDE/XETAI KATA/ TINAS TW=N DEU-TE/RWN OU)SIW=N: E)PI\ ME\N GA\R TW=N PRW/TWN OU)SIW=N A)LHQE/S E)STIN: OU)/TE GA\R TA\ O(/LA OU)/TE TA\ ME/RH PRO/S TI LE/GETAI: O( GA\R TI\S A)/N-QRWPOS OU) LE/GETAI TINO/S TIS A)/NQRWPOS, OU)DE\ O( TI\S BOU=S OU) LE/GETAI TINO/S TIS BOU=S.>20 KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*TRIMERH\S U(PH=RXEN H( DIDASKALI/A TW=N PRO/S TI, W(S EI)/RHTAI: H( YEUDH\S U(POGRAFH\ TW=N PRO/S TI, TA\ I)/DIA, H( A)LHQH\S U(POGRAFH/, H(/TIS KAI\ SUMPLHROI= @1 AU)TH/N. A)PODOU\S OU)=N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TA\ PRO/TERA DU/O KEFA/LAIA, TOU=T' E)/STI TH\N YEUDH= U(POGRAFH\N KAI\ TA\ I)/DIA AU)TW=N, METABAI/NEI LOIPO\N E)PI\ TH\N A)LHQH= U(POGRAFH/N. KAI\ A)/CIO/N E)STIN ZHTH=SAI TI/NOS XA/RIN TA\ YEUDH= PRO/TERA PARA-DE/DWKEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI TOU=TO PEPOI/HKEN EI)KO/TWS, W(S SUM-BALLO/MENON KAI\ TW=| LE/GONTI KAI\ TW=| A)KOU/ONTI KAI\ TOI=S U(POKEIME/NOIS PRA/GMASI: TW=| ME\N LE/GONTI, I(/NA MH\ DO/CH|, A)LL' I(/NA META\ A)PODEI/CEWS PA/NTA PROFE/RHTAI, TW=| DE\ A)KOU/ONTI, I(/NA PRO/TERON E)GGUMNASA/MENOS TOI=S YEUDE/SI KAI\ TO\N TOIOU=TON E)/LEGXON MAQW\N A)NENDOIA/STWS KAI\ A)KRIBW=S TA\ A)LHQH= PARALA/BH|. TOI=S DE\ U(POKEIME/NOIS PRA/GMASI SUMBA/LLETAI TO\ PRO/TERON TA\ YEUDH= PARA-DIDO/NAI TO\N FILO/SOFON, O(/TI H( A)PODOQEI=SA U(POGRAFH\ EI) KAI\ MH\ E)/STIN A)LHQH/S, A)LL' OU)=N I)/DIO/N E)STI TW=N PRO/S TI PA=SI ME\N U(PA/RXON, OU) MO/NOIS DE/. EI) DE\ I)/DIO/N E)STIN, E)/DEI MH\ SIWPHQH=NAI TOU=TO, I(/NA TELEI/A GE/NHTAI H( TW=N PRO/S TI DIDASKALI/A. OU) MH\N OU)DE\ TH\N A)LHQH= U(POGRAFH\N A)PONHTI\ PARADI/DWSIN O( FILO/SOFOS, A)LLA\ TI/QHSIN A)PORI/AN TINA\ KAI\ DEI/KNUSIN O(/TI TH=S ME\N PROTE/RAS SWZOME/NHS U(POGRAFH=S A)NEPI/LUTOS ME/NEI H( A)PORI/A, TEQEI/SHS DE\ TH=S A)LHQOU=S DUNATO\N TAU/THN E)PI/LUSIN DE/CASQAI. I(/NA OU)=N TH\N A)PORI/AN NOH/SWMEN, TRI/A TAU=TA ZHTH/SWMEN: PRW=TON TI/S H( U(/LH TH=S A)PORI/AS, DEU/TERON TI/ TO\ POIHTIKO\N AU)TH=S AI)/TION, KAI\ TRI/TON PW=S AU)TH\ PROE/RXETAI. E)/STI TOI/NUN H( U(/LH TH=S A)PORI/AS AU(/TH: H( OU)SI/A H)\ KAQO/LOU H)\ MERIKH\ KAI\ O(/LH KAI\ KATA\ ME/ROS, W(S GI/NESQAI TE/TTARAS SUMPLOKA\S E)K TW=N EI)RHME/NWN: O(/LON KAQO/LOU, W(/SPER O( KAQO/LOU A)/NQRWPOS O(/LON TE KAI\ KAQO/LOU, O(/LON DE\ MERIKO/N, W(/SPER O( *SW-KRA/THS MERIKO\S ME\N W)\N W(S A)/TOMON, O(/LOS DE/, KAQO\ SUMPEPLHRWME/NA TA\ PA/NTA E)/XEI, TA\ MO/RIA TA\ SUMPLHROU=NTA TO\ A)/TOMON, ME/ROS DE\ KAQO/LOU, OI(=ON H( A(PLW=S KEFALH/, ME/ROS ME\N OU)=SA W(S KEFALH/, KAQO/LOU DE/, O(/TI KATA\ POLLW=N KEFALW=N LE/GETAI, ME/ROS MERIKO/N, OI(=ON H( TI\S KEFALH/: ME/ROS ME\N GA/R E)STIN W(S MO/RION OU)=SA, MERIKO\N DE/, KAQO\ TINO\S A)NQRW/POU E)STI\N H( KEFALH/. E)N TOU/TOIS H( U(/LH TH=S A)PORI/AS. TI/ DE/ E)STI TO\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION AU)TH=S; FAME\N OU)=N O(/TI TO\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TIO/N E)STIN H( OU)SI/A, H(/TIS E)STI\N ME/ROS KAI\ KAQO/LOU. PROE/RXETAI DE\ H( A)PORI/A TOU=TON TO\N TRO/PON: A)=RA A)LHQE/S E)STI TO\ LE/GEIN MHDEMI/AN OU)SI/AN EI)=NAI TW=N PRO/S TI H)\ E)/STI TIS OU)SI/A TW=N PRO/S TI; PA=SA TOI/NUN OU)SI/A H)\ PRW/TH E)STI\N H)\ DEUTE/RA, KAI\ KAQ' E(KA/TERON H)\ KAQO/LOU H)\ MERIKH/. [O(/LH ME\N W(S *SWKRA/THS O(/LOS, MERIKH\ DE\ W(S TA\ MO/RIA TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS]. H( ME\N OU)=N PRW/TH OU)SI/A OU)/TE KAQ' O(/LHN E(AUTH\N OU)/TE KATA\ TA\ ME/RH LE/GETAI PRO/S TI. H( DE\ DEUTE/RA OU)SI/A KAQ' O(/LHN ME\N E(AUTH\N OU) LE/GETAI PRO/S TI, KATA\ DE\ TA\ ME/RH I)/SWS LE/GETAI, OI(=ON H( KEFALH\ TINO\S KEFALH\ KAI\ H( XEI\R TINO\S XEI/R. W(/STE OU)=N H( A)PORI/A PROE/BH E)PI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS, H(/TIS ME/ROS KAI\ KAQO/LOU. TI/S DE\ H( LU/SIS TH=S A)PORI/AS; E)K TH=S PRW/THS U(PO-GRAFH=S A)/LUTO/S E)STIN: EI) GA\R PRO/S TI/ E)STIN O(/SA AU)TA\ A(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/RWN EI)=NAI LE/GETAI, KAI\ H( KEFALH\ AU)TO\ O(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/ROU LE/GETAI, OU(= E)STI KEFALH/. %2%2 TOIGAROU=N QETE/ON TH\N A)LHQH= U(POGRAFH/N, DI' H(=S H( A)PORI/A TH\N LU/SIN E)PI- @1DE/XETAI: PRO/S TI TOI/NUN E)STI\N OI(=S TO\ EI)=NAI TAU)TO/N E)STI TW=| PRO\S E(/TERO/N PWS E)/XEIN, W(S A)\N EI) E)/LEGEN: E)KEI=NA, FHSI/, KALW= PRO/S TI OI(=S OU)DE\N A)/LLO H( U(/PARCIS H)\ E)N TH=| PRO\S A)/LLHLA SXE/SEI QEWREI=TAI. TAU/THS DE\ TH=S U(PO-GRAFH=S TEQEI/SHS E)PILUO/MEQA TH\N A)PORI/AN OU(/TWS: EI) W(S A)LHQW=S FHSIN H( A)LHQH\S U(POGRAFH\ O(/TI OU)DE\N E(/TERO/N E)STIN H)\ TO\ E)N TH=| PRO\S A)/LLHLA SXE/SEI QEWREI=SQAI, DH=LON W(S E)A\N OI)=DE/ TIS TI\ TW=N PRO/S TI, KAI\ TO\ PRO\S O(\ LE/GETAI OI)=DEN, KAI\ W(S OI)=DEN TO\ E(/TERON, OU(/TWS KAI\ TO\ E(/TERON: OI(=ON EI) A)ORI/STWS OI)=DEN TI\ TW=N PRO/S TI, KAI\ TO\ E(/TERON A)ORI/STWS OI)=DEN, KAI\ EI) W(RISME/NWS OI)=DEN TI\ TW=N PRO/S TI, KAI\ TO\ E(/TERON W(RISME/NWS OI)=DEN. TH\N ME/NTOI KEFALH\N E)/STIN EI)DE/NAI MH\ EI)DO/TAS TI/NOS E)STI\ KEFALH/. KAI\ TOU=TO PA/SXOMEN H)\ PARA\ TH\N O(MOIO/THTA, W(S E)PI\ FA/TTHS KAI\ PERISTERA=S, H)\ PARA\ TO\ E)GKEKALU/FQAI, W(S EI) U(POQW/MEQA/ TINA TO\ ME\N O(/LON E)GKEKALU/FQAI SW=MA, MO/NHN DE\ GEGUMNW=SQAI TH\N KEFALH/N, H)\ PARA\ TO\ DIH|RH=SQAI, W(/SPER EI) DIH|RHME/NHN TIS E)PIDEI/CEI TOU= LOIPOU= SW/MATOS TH\N KEFALH/N. EI) TOI/NUN TA\ ME\N PRO/S TI DI' A)LLH/LWN GINW/SKETAI, KAI\ O( TO\ E(/TERON EI)DW\S KAI\ TO\ LOIPO\N E)PI/STATAI E)C A)NA/GKHS, KEFALH\N DE\ KAI\ XEI=RA E)NDE/XETAI E)PI/STASQAI MH\ EI)DO/TAS W(=N EI)SIN, DH=LON A)/RA [2O(/TI]2 TAU=TA OU)/K EI)SI TW=N PRO/S TI. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, A)LHQE/S E)STIN EI)PEI=N W(S OU)DEMI/A OU)SI/A TW=N PRO/S TI. @*AU(/TH ME\N OU)=N H( *)ARISTOTE/LOUS E)PI/LUSIS. E)PEIDH\ DE\ H( PROTE/RA U(PO-GRAFH\ TW=N PRO/S TI, EI) KAI\ YEUDH/S, *PLATWNIKH/ E)STI, TINE\S PEIRW/MENOI A)PO-LOGEI=SQAI U(PE\R AU)TH=S MO/NW| TW=| SAFESTE/RW| FASI\N DIAFE/REIN TH\N *PERIPATH-TIKH\N U(POGRAFH\N TH=S *PLATWNIKH=S KAI\ DEIKNU/NAI PEIRW=NTAI O(/TI KAI\ TOU= *PLATWNIKOU= O(RISMOU= KEIME/NOU OU)K E)/XEI XW/RAN H( A)PORI/A. KAI/ FASIN O(/TI KEFALH\N LAMBA/NEI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH\N DIH|RHME/NHN [1A)LL' AU(/TH O(MW/NUMO/S E)STI KEFALH/: OU) GA\R E)NERGEI= TA\S TH=S KEFALH=S E)NERGEI/AS]1, A)LLA\ [2KAI\]2 TH\N E)GKEKALUMME/NHN KAI\ TH\N TW=N O(MOI/WN ZW/|WN: A)LL' AU(/TH OU)K E)/STIN A)/TOMOS: OU) GA\R I)/SMEN AU)TH\N W(S A)/TOMON: E(\N GA/R E)STI TW=N SUMPLHROU/NTWN TO\ A)/TOMON TO\ EI)DE/NAI TOU=DE/ TINOS OU)=SAN. A)LLA\ MH\N OU)K I)/SMEN W(S TOU=DE OU)=SAN: OU)K A)/RA I)/SMEN W(S A)/TOMON. EI) DE\ A)ORI/STWS I)/SMEN O(/TI KEFALH/ E)STI, KAI\ O(/TOU E)STI\N A)ORI/STWS EI)SO/MEQA. PRO\S TA/DE H(MEI=S FAMEN O(/TI OU) MO/NON TW=| SAFE-STE/RW|, A)LLA\ KAI\ TW=| A)LHQESTE/RW| DIAFE/REI H( *PERIPATHTIKH\ U(POGRAFH\ TH=S *PLATWNIKH=S: H( GA\R *PLATWNIKH\ U(POGRAFH\ PRW=TON ME\N TO\ E(/TERON TW=N PRO/S TI W(RI/SATO MH\ FRONTI/SASA TOU= LOIPOU=: FHSI\N GA\R O(/TI TAU=TA A(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/RWN EI)=NAI LE/GETAI [2KAI\]2 OU)DE\N PERI\ TOU= PRO\S O(\ LE/GETAI EI)=PEN. H( DE\ *PERIPATHTIKH\ U(POGRAFH\ A)MFO/TERA PERILAMBA/NEI TA\ PRO/S TI, E)F' W(=N FHSIN <20OI(=S TO\ EI)=NAI TAU)TO/N E)STIN TW=| PRO\S E(/TERO/N PWS E)/XEIN.>20 E)/PEITA DE\ O( *PLATWNIKO\S O(RISMO\S A)PO\ TOU= LE/GESQAI E)XARAKTH/RISE TA\ PRO/S TI, O( DE\ *PERIPATHTIKO\S A)PO\ TOU= EI)=NAI. O(/SW| TOI/NUN PROSFUE/STERON TW=N EI)RHME/NWN TO\ EI)=NAI H)/PER TO\ LE/GESQAI, TOSOU=TON O( *PERIPATHTIKO\S O(RISMO\S TOU= *PLATW-NIKOU= E)STIN A)KRIBE/STEROS. A)LLA/ FASIN OI( A)PO\ *PLA/TWNOS KAI\ TO\N *PLA/TWNA @1 TOU= EI)=NAI MNH/MHN POIH/SASQAI E)N TW=| EI)PEI=N <20O(/SA AU)TA\ A(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/-RWN EI)=NAI LE/GETAI,>20 A)LLA\ LELH/QASI MEI/ZONA TH\N A)PORI/AN TOU= O(RISMOU= POIH/SANTES: EI)PW\N GA\R <20E)STI/N>20 OU)K E)NE/MEINEN AU)TW=| A)LLA\ METABE/BHKEN E)PI\ TO\ LE/GESQAI. OU)K E)/DEI DE/: OU) GA\R TO\ EI)=NAI/ E)STI TOI=S PRO/S TI E)N TW=| LE/GESQAI, A)LLA\ MA=LLON E)N TW=| EI)=NAI PRO/S TI. W(/STE OU)=N A)KRIBE/STEROS O( *PERIPATHTIKO\S O(RISMO\S TOU= *PLATWNIKOU=. A)LLA/ FASIN OI( DI' E)NANTI/AS O(/TI TOSOU=TON OI)/ETAI AU)TO\S *)ARISTOTE/LHS MHDE\N DIAFE/REIN TH\N PAR' AU)TOU= A)PODOQEI=SAN U(POGRAFH\N TH=S *PLATWNIKH=S, O(/TI E)PI\ TE/LEI TH=S KATHGORI/AS FHSI\N O(/TI I)/SWS XALEPO\N U(PE\R TW=N TOIOU/TWN A)POFAI/NESQAI MH\ PRO/TERON DIESKEMME/NON, TO\ ME/NTOI DIAPOREI=N PERI\ AU)TW=N OU)K A)/XRHSTO/N E)STIN: TAU=TA GA\R A)MFIBA/LLONTO/S E)STIN PERI\ TW=N PAR' AU)TOU= LEGOME/NWN. A)LLA\ PRO\S TAU=TA/ FAMEN O(/TI TAU=TA EI)/RHTAI OU) PERI\ TW=N PROSEXW=S EI)RHME/NWN, A)LLA\ PERI\ TW=N E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, DI' W(=N KATESKEU/ASE TA\ PRO/S TI MH\ EI)=NAI A(/MA TH=| FU/SEI, DEIKNU\S W(S OU)K A)LH/QEIAN E)/LEGEN, A)LLA\ MA=LLON GUMNA/ZWN TAU=TA E)KEI= PERIE/LABEN. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A KZ#.]2>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ POIOU= KAI\ POIO/THTOS.>20}1 {1<20*POIO/THTA DE\ LE/GW KAQ' H(\N POIOI/ TINES LE/GONTAI. E)/STI DE\ H( POIO/THS TW=N PLEONAXW=S LEGOME/NWN. E(\N ME\N OU)=N EI)=DOS POI-O/THTOS E(/CIS KAI\ DIA/QESIS LEGE/SQWSAN. DIAFE/REI DE\ E(/CIS DIAQE/-SEWS TW=| MONIMW/TERON KAI\ XRONIW/TERON EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*)EPI\ TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS PE/NTE TINA\ ZHTH/SWMEN, PRW=TON ME\N TI/S H( TA/CIS TH=S KATHGORI/AS, DEU/TERON DE\ TI/S H( AI)TI/A TH=S E)PIGRAFH=S, TRI/TON PO/SA TA\ EI)/DH TH=S KATHGORI/AS, TE/TARTON TI/S H( DIAFORA\ TW=N EI)DW=N, PE/MPTON TI/S H( TA/CIS TW=N EI)DW=N TH=S KATHGORI/AS. PERI\ OU)=N TOU= PRW/TOU FAME\N O(/TI EI)KO/TWS TE/TAKTAI META\ TH\N PRO/S TI KATHGORI/AN H( POIO/THS, PRW=TON ME\N DIA\ TH\N O(MOIO/THTA TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN: KAQA/PER GA\R META\ TO\ POSO\N TO\ PRO/S TI TE/TAKTAI DIA\ TH\N O(MOIO/THTA TW=N PROBLHMA/TWN, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO/N [1TAU=TA GA\R TOU= POSOU= O)/NTA OU) MO/NON E)N TOU/TW| E)QEWREI=TO, A)LLA\ KAI\ U(PO\ TA\ PRO/S TI A)NEFE/RETO, U(PO\ ME\N TO\ POSO\N DIA\ TO\ U(POKEI/MENON, U(PO\ DE\ TA\ PRO/S TI DIA\ TH\N SXE/SIN]1: E)PEIDH\ OU)=N TO\ ME/GA KAI\ TO\ MIKRO\N E)N POSW=| E)QEWREI=TO KAI\ E)N TOI=S PRO/S TI KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN META\ TO\ POSO\N H( PRO/S TI KATHGORI/A EI)=XE TH\N TA/CIN, OU(/TW KAI\ E)NTAU=QA DIA\ TH\N O(MOIO/THTA TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN META\ TH\N PRO/S TI KATHGORI/AN H( POIO/THS TE/TAKTAI: H( GA\R E)PISTH/MH, O(/PER KAI\ PARA/DEIGMA TOU= PRO/S TI H)=N, OU) MO/NON U(PO\ TA\ PRO/S TI A)NA/GETAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ U(PO\ TH\N POIO/THTA: U(PO\ ME\N GA\R TH\N PRO/S TI A)NA/-GETAI W(S PRO\S TO\ E)PISTHTO\N PARABALLOME/NH, U(PO\ DE\ TH\N POIO/THTA W(S E)N @1 YUXH=| QEWROUME/NH KAI\ TELEIWTIKH\ TAU/THS U(PA/RXOUSA. OU(/TWS OU)=N, W(S EI)RH/-KAMEN, KA)NTAU=QA DIO/TI H( E)PISTH/MH OU) MO/NON E)N TOI=S PRO/S TI A)LLA\ KAI\ E)N TH=| POIO/THTI QEWREI=TAI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN META\ TA\ PRO/S TI H( POIO/THS TH\N TA/CIN EI)/LHFEN. KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N PRW/TH AI)TI/A, DI' H(\N H( POIO/THS TOIAU/THN E)/LAXE TA/CIN. DEUTE/RA DE\ AI)TI/A, O(/TI E)LE/GOMEN TE/TTARAS A(PLA=S EI)=NAI KATHGORI/AS, OU)SI/AN, POSO/N, POIO/N, PRO/S TI, E(\C DE\ SUNQE/TOUS. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N A)PODEDW/KAMEN TA\S TREI=S KATHGORI/AS, U(PO/LOIPON H)=N A)PODOU=NAI KAI\ TH\N LEI/POUSAN, TH\N META\ XEI=RA/S FHMI, I(/NA H)=| O( LO/GOS E)KEI=NOS A)RRAGH\S O( LE/GWN "3DEI= PROHGEI=SQAI TA\ A(PLA= A)EI\ TW=N SUNQE/TWN"3. DIA\ TA\S DU/O TOI/NUN TAU/TAS AI)TI/AS TOIAU/THN E)/LAXE TA/CIN. [E)/STI DE\ KAI\ TRI/TH AI)TI/A TOU/TOU, DI' H(\N H( POIO/THS TOIAU/THN E)/LAXE TA/CIN: FAME\N O(/TI PERI\ TOU= POIEI=N KAI\ PA/SXEIN ME/NEI TO\N LO/GON POIEI=SQAI. AU(=TAI DE/, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ PA/QH KAI\ E)NE/RGEIAI, KATA\ TA\S POIO/THTAS GI/NONTAI. A)DU/NATON DE\ GNW=NAI TO\ KATA\ POIO/THTA GINO/MENON MH\ PRO/TERON MAQO/NTA TH\N TH=S POIO/THTOS FU/SIN. TOU/TOU XA/RIN PROTE/TAKTAI, I(/NA MAQO/NTES TI/ E)STIN POIO/THS, OU(/TWS A)KRIBE/STERON TOI=S LEGOME/NOIS PERI\ TOU= POIEI=N KAI\ PA/SXEIN PROSE/XWMEN TO\N NOU=N.] KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS TO\ PRW=TO/N E)STI KEFA/LAION. @*DEU/TERON DE\ H( AI)TI/A TH=S E)PIGRAFH=S. KAI\ LE/GOMEN O(/TI E)NANTI/AN E)BA/-DISEN O( FILO/SOFOS O(DO\N E)N AU)TW=| E)N TOI=S PRO/S TI KAI\ E)NTAU=QA: E)KEI= ME\N GA\R O(/POU PLH=QOS U(PH=RXEN, DI' E(NIKOU= O)NO/MATOS TH\N KATHGORI/AN E)DH/LWSEN, E)PIGRA/YAS *PERI\ TOU= PRO/S TI, E)NTAU=QA DE\ O(/POU E(\N U(PA/RXEI TO\ PRA=GMA, TOU=TO DIA\ PLH/QOUS E)SH/MANEN, E)PIGRA/YAS *PERI\ POIOU= KAI\ POIO/THTOS. ZHTH/SWMEN OU)=N TI/NOS XA/RIN DIPLH=| KE/XRHTAI TH=| E)PIGRAFH=|. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI TO\ POIO\N TRI/A SHMAI/NEI, H)\ AU)TH\N TH\N KATHGORI/AN, TOU=T' E)/STI TH\N POIO/THTA, H)\ TO\ SW=MA TO\ METE/XON TH=S POIO/THTOS, H)\ TO\ POIO/N, W(/SPER LE/GOMEN LEUKO\N KAI\ TH\N LEUKO/THTA KAI\ TO\ SW=MA TO\ LELEUKASME/NON, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ METE/XON LEUKO/THTOS. SHMAI/NEI DE\ TO\ POIO\N KAI\ A)/LLO KATA\ TO\ KAQOLIKW/TERON TO\ KOINH=| A)MFOTE/RWN KATHGOROU/MENON, AU)TH=S TE TH=S POIO/THTOS KAI\ TOU= SW/MATOS TOU= METE/XONTOS AU)TH=S. TOU/TOU OU)=N XA/RIN E)PE/GRAYEN *PERI\ TOU= POIOU= KAI\ POIO/THTOS, DIA\ TH\N O(MWNUMI/AN TW=N SHMAINOME/NWN: E)PEIDH\ GA\R H)PI/STATO POLLA\ SHMAI/NEIN TO\ POIO/N, TOU/TOU XA/RIN TO\ DEU/TERON PRO\S SAFH/NEIAN TOU= PRW/TOU PARE/LABEN, W(S A)\N EI) E)/LEGEN OU(/TWS: O(/TI PERI\ POIOU= DIDA/SKW, OU) TOU= SHMAI/NONTOS TO\ KAQO/LOU OU)DE\ TOU= SHMAI/NONTOS AU)TO\ TO\ SW=MA TO\ PEPOIW-ME/NON, A)LLA\ TOU= SHMAI/NONTOS AU)TH\N TH\N POIO/THTA. EI) OU)=N TAU=TA OU(/TWS E)/XEI, DH=LON O(/TI OU)/TE DITTOLOGEI= O( FILO/SOFOS OU)/TE MA/THN DITTH=| KE/XRHTAI E)PIGRAFH=|. A)LLA\ PA/LIN ZHTOU=SI TI/NOS XA/RIN KAI\ E)N AU)TH=| TH=| E)PIGRAFH=| TO\ POIO\N PROTE/TAKTAI TH=S POIO/THTOS. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI EI)KO/TWS: KATA\ PA/NTA TA\ SHMAINO/MENA DIKAI/WS A)\N TO\ POIO\N TH=S POIO/THTOS PROTAXQEI/H: E)SH/MANEN GA\R TO\ POIO\N TO\ KAQO/LOU: [2TO\ DE\ KAQO/LOU]2 DIKAI/WS PROTE/TAKTAI: KAI\ GA\R TA\ KAQO/LOU TW=N MH\ TOIOU/TWN PROTA/TTOMEN. E)SH/MANE DE\ KAI\ TO\ SW=MA TO\ METE/XON TH=S POIO/-THTOS: TOU=TO DE\ O(/SON PRO\S AU)TH\N TH\N POIO/THTA SU/NQETO/N E)STI: TA\ DE\ SU/NQETA, @1 W(S POLLA/KIS EI)/RHTAI, H(MI=N KAI\ PRO/TERA KAI\ GNWRIMW/TERA. EI)KO/TWS OU)=N KAI\ KATA\ TOU=TO TO\ SHMAINO/MENON TO\ POIO\N PROTE/TAKTAI TH=S POIO/THTOS, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ SU/NQETON TOU= A(PLOU=, I(/NA E)K TW=N H(MI=N SAFW=N U(PARXO/NTWN TH\N TH=S DIDASKALI/AS A)RXH\N POIH/SHTAI. A)LLA\ DH\ E)SH/MANEN KAI\ AU)TH\N TH\N KATHGORI/AN, TOU=T' E)/STI TH\N POIO/THTA: E)LE/GOMEN DE\ O(/TI H( POIO/THS PRO\S SAFH/NEIAN PAR-EI/LHPTAI TOU= POIOU=: OU) DEI= DE\ PROTA/TTESQAI TO\ PRO\S SAFH/NEIAN PARALAM-BANO/MENON E)KEI/NOU, OU(= E(/NEKA PARALAMBA/NETAI TO\ PARALAMBANO/MENON. OI(=ON EI) BOULHQEI/HN PRA=GMA DIDA/CAI, DEI= ME PROTA/TTEIN TOU=TO, EI)=Q' OU(/TWS EI) EU(REQEI/H A)SAFE/S, E)PAGAGEI=N PARA/DEIGMA SAFHNI/ZON TO\ PRO/TERON: OU(/TWS KAI\ E)NTAU=QA E)PEIDH\ TO\ ME\N POIO\N TO\ PRA=GMA/ E)STI TO\ KURI/WS KAI\ PRW/TWS DIDASKO/MENON, H( DE\ POIO/THS DEUTE/RA E)STI\N PARA/DEIGMA TOU= POIOU= OU)=SA DIA\ SAFH/NEIAN TOU= PROTE/ROU, DEI= TO\ KURI/WS DIDASKO/MENON, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ POIO/N, PROTA/TTESQAI TOU= PARADEI/GMATOS, LE/GW DE\ TH=S POIO/THTOS. E)N TOU/TOIS KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON KEFA/LAION. @*TRI/TON KEFA/LAIO/N E)STIN, PO/SA TH=S POIO/THTOS EI)/DH. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI TE/TTARA KATA\ SUZUGI/AS PROERXO/MENA: PRW=TON ME\N E(/CIS KAI\ DIA/QESIS, DEU/TERON DE\ DU/NAMIS KAI\ A)DUNAMI/A, TRI/TON PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS KAI\ PA/QOS, TE/TARTON SXH=MA KAI\ MORFH/. O(/TI DE\ TE/TTARA/ E)STI TA\ EI)/DH TA\ EI)RHME/NA KAI\ OU)/TE PLEI/ONA OU)/TE E)LA/TTONA, DEI/CWMEN E)K DIAIRE/SEWS: POLLOI\ ME\N OU)=N KAI\ A)/LLOI POLLA\S DIAIRE/SEIS E)PETH/DEUSAN PERI\ TOU/TOU, H( DE\ A)KRIBESTE/RA KAI\ SAFE-STE/RA E)STI\N H( PAR' H(MW=N LEXQHSOME/NH. A)LL' I(/NA TAU/THN NOH/SWMEN, TRI/A TINA\ PROLA/BWMEN LH/MMATA: PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI H( PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS DITTH/ E)STIN, H( PA/QOS POIOU=SA PERI\ TH\N H(METE/RAN AI)/SQHSIN KAI\ H( A)PO\ PA/QOUS GIGNOME/NH. DIAFE/ROUSI DE\ AU(=TAI A)LLH/LWN, O(/TI H( ME\N PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS H( PA/QOS POIOU=SA A)EI\ SU/NESTI TW=| U(POKEIME/NW| MHDE\N AU)TW=| PEPONQO/TI, OI(/A E)STI\N H( E)N TW=| ME/LITI GLUKU/THS [1OU) GA\R DH\ TO\ ME/LI PEPONQO\S GE/GONE GLUKU/, A)LL' A(/MA TW=| ME/LI EI)=NAI A(/MA GE/GONE GLUKU/: PAQHTIKH\ DE\ POIO/THS LE/GETAI, DIO/TI PA/QOS E)MPOIEI= TOI=S GEUOME/NOIS]1, H( DE\ A)PO\ PA/QOUS GINOME/NH PEPON-QO/TOS TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU, OI(=ON H( E)N TW=| KU/KNW| LEUKO/THS [1O( GA\R KU/KNOS PAQW/N TI PERI\ TO\ SW=MA GE/GONE LEUKO/S]1, OU) TOU=TO LEGO/NTWN H(MW=N O(/TI H( A)PO\ PA/QOUS GIGNOME/NH OU) POIEI= PERI\ TH\N H(METE/RAN AI)/SQHSIN PA/QOS [1KAI\ AU)TH\ ME\N GA\R POIEI=, W(/SPER TO\ LEUKO\N E)N TW=| KU/KNW| DIAKRI/NEI: A)DU/NATON [2GA\R]2 TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA MH\ POIEI=N PA/QOS]1, A)LL' O(/TI TINE\S E)C AU)TW=N E)CAI/-RETON E)/XOUSI KAI\ I)/DION TO\ A)PO\ PA/QOUS GI/NESQAI, O(/QEN KURI/WS W)NOMA/SQHSAN, E)PEIDH\ TO\ O)/NOMA DIASTE/LLEIN EI)/WQE TA\ PRA/GMATA A)P' A)LLH/LWN. DEU/TERON LH=MMA: NO/EI MOI TETRAPLH=N TINA TA/CIN: MI/AN ME\N KAI\ PRW/THN TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA PA/QOS POIOU=SAN PERI\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN, KAI\ TH\N POIO/THTA TH\N A)PO\ PA/QOUS GINOME/NHN, TRI/TON PA/QOS, TE/TARTON DE\ PA/SXEIN. DIAFE/REI DE\ TAU=TA TW=| POLUXRONIWTE/RW| KAI\ O)LIGOXRONIWTE/RW|: O(/TE ME\N GA\R H( POIO/THS A)XW/RISTO/S E)STI KAI\ DUSE/KLEIPTOS KAI\ W(S A)\N EI)/POI TIS OU)SIW/DHS, W(/SPER H( E)N TW=| ME/LITI @1 GLUKU/THS [1AU(/TH GA\R OU)SI/A TOU/TOU E)STI/]1, TO/TE LE/GETAI PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS PA/QOS POIOU=SA PERI\ TH\N H(METE/RAN AI)/SQHSIN, O(/TE DE\ PA/LIN U(/FESIN AU)TH\ H( POIO/THS DE/XETAI TH=S PROTE/RAS, W(S EI)=NAI KAI\ TAU/THN DUSE/KLEIPTON KAI\ MH\ EU)XERW=S XWRIZOME/NHN H)\ MO/NH| TH=| E)PINOI/A|, W(/SPER H( LEUKO/THS H( E)N TW=| KU/KNW| [1DUNATO\N GA/R, W(S *PORFU/RIO/S FHSI, KAI\ KO/RAKA LEUKO\N E)PINOHQH=NAI KAI\ *AI)QI/OPA A)POBALO/NTA TH\N XROIA/N]1, TO/TE LE/GETAI PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS W(S A)PO\ PA/QOUS GINOME/NH DIAFE/ROUSA TH=S PROTE/RAS, O(/TI H( ME\N PA/NTH| A)XW/RISTOS H)=N H( DE\ MO/NH| TH=| E)PINOI/A| XWRI/ZETAI. O(/TE DE\ EI)/H H( POIO/THS XWRI/ZESQAI DUNA-ME/NH KAI\ E)PINOI/A| KAI\ E)NERGEI/A|, W(/SPER H( E)N NO/SW| GINOME/NH W)XRO/THS, TO/TE LE/GETAI PA/QOS. E)PA\N DE\ EI)/H H( TOIAU/TH XWRISTH/, W(S A)\N EI)/POI TIS E)N TW=| GI/GNESQAI E)/XEIN TO\ EI)=NAI, TO/TE LE/GETAI PA/SXEIN, W(/SPER H( A)PO\ FO/BOU GINO-ME/NH W)XRO/THS: TOU/TOUS GA/R, FHMI\ DH\ TOU\S DIA\ FO/BON W)XRIW=NTAS, OU)DE\ W)XRI/AS KALOU=MEN, DIO/TI FQEREI= TH\N PROSHGORI/AN H( FU/SIS METABA/LLOUSA TH\N XROIA/N. TRI/TON LH=MMA: TH\N AU)TH\N POIO/THTA KAI\ PAQHTIKH\N EI)=NAI KAI\ E(/CIN [2DUNATO/N, KAT']2 A)/LLO ME/NTOI KAI\ A)/LLO, E(/CIN ME\N W(S PRO\S TO\ DECA/MENON SW=MA, PAQHTIKH\N DE\ POIO/THTA W(S PRO\S TO\N AI)SQANO/MENON: OI(=ON H( E)N PURI\ QERMO/THS KAT' A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO KAI\ E(/CIS E)STI\ KAI\ PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS, E(/CIS ME\N W(S PRO\S AU)TH\N TH\N OU)SI/AN DECAME/NHN TH\N QERMO/THTA, PAQHTIKH\ DE\ POIO/THS W(S PRO\S AU)TOU\S TOU\S AI)SQANOME/NOUS. @*TOU/TWN OU)=N OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN KAI\ PROEILHMME/NWN H(MI=N TW=N TRIW=N LHM-MA/TWN, FE/RE TH=S DIAIRE/SEWS E)FAYW/MEQA. H( TOI/NUN POIO/THS H)\ TELEIWTIKH/ E)STIN H)\ KAKWTIKH\ H)\ OU)/TE TELEIWTIKH\ OU)/TE KAKWTIKH/. KAI\ EI) ME\N TELEIW-TIKH\ EI)/H H)\ KAKWTIKH/, H)\ PA/QOS POIEI= PERI\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN H)\ OU) POIEI= PA/QOS. KAI\ EI) ME\N POIEI= PA/QOS, POIEI= TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA TH\N PA/QOS POIOU=SAN PERI\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN. EI) DE\ OU) POIEI= PA/QOS, H)\ DUSAPO/BLHTO/S E)STIN H)\ EU)APO/-BLHTOS. KAI\ EI) ME\N DUSAPO/BLHTOS, POIEI= TH\N E(/CIN, EI) DE\ EU)APO/BLHTOS, POIEI= TH\N DIA/QESIN. EI) DE/ E)STI MH/TE TELEIWTIKH\ MH/TE KAKWTIKH/, H)\ KAT' E)PITH-DEIO/THTA/ E)STIN H)\ KAT' E)NE/RGEIAN. KAI\ EI) ME\N KAT' E)PITHDEIO/THTA/ E)STI, POIEI= TO\ DEU/TERON EI)=DOS TH=S POIO/THTOS TO\ KATA\ DU/NAMIN KAI\ A)DUNAMI/AN: OU)DE\N GA\R E(/TERO/N E)STI DU/NAMIS KAI\ A)DUNAMI/A H)\ E)PITHDEIO/THS KAI\ A)NEPITHDEIO/THS. EI) DE\ KAT' E)NE/RGEIAN EI)/H, H)\ DIA\ BA/QOUS E)STI\N H)\ E)PIPOLAI/WS. KAI\ EI) ME\N DIA\ BA/QOUS E)STI/, POIEI= TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA TH\N A)PO\ PA/QOUS GINOME/NHN. EI) DE\ E)PIPOLAI/WS E)STI/N, H)\ E)N A)YU/XOIS QEWREI=TAI H)\ E)N E)MYU/XOIS. KAI\ EI) ME\N E)N A)YU/XOIS, POIEI= TO\ SXH=MA, EI) DE\ E)N E)MYU/XOIS, POIEI= TH\N MORFH/N. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ A)/LLWS EI)PEI=N PERI\ TOU= E)PIPOLAI/WS, O(/TI H)\ MAQHMATIKA/ E)STI KAI\ GI/NETAI TO\ SXH=MA, H)\ FUSIKA\ KAI\ POIEI= TH\N MORFH/N. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ DEUTE/RAN EI)PEI=N DIAI/RESIN TOU/TOU, O(/TI H( POIO/THS H)\ DUNA/MEI E)STI\N H)\ E)NERGEI/A|. KAI\ EI) ME\N DUNA/MEI E)STI/, POIEI= TO\ DEU/TERON EI)=DOS TH=S POIO/THTOS TO\ KATA\ DU/NAMIN KAI\ A)DUNAMI/AN. EI) DE\ E)NERGEI/A| E)STI/N, H)\ NW=| GINW/SKETAI H)\ AI)SQH/SEI. KAI\ EI) ME\N NW=| GIGNW/SKETAI, POIEI= TH\N E(/CIN KAI\ DIA/QESIN. EI) DE\ AI)SQH/SEI GIGNW/- @1SKETAI, H)\ MIA=| H)\ POLLAI=S. KAI\ EI) ME\N MIA=| AI)SQH/SEI GIGNW/SKETAI, POIEI= TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA. [2EI)]2 DE\ POLLAI=S, POIEI= TO\ SXH=MA KAI\ TH\N MORFH/N. GUMNASI/AS DE\ XA/RIN E)/STIN EI)PEI=N KAI\ TRI/THN DIAI/RESIN, O(/TI H( POIO/THS H)\ E)N YUXH=| QEWREI=TAI H)\ E)N SW/MATI H)\ E)N YUXH=| KAI\ SW/MATI. KAI\ EI) ME\N E)N YUXH=| KAI\ SW/MATI QEWREI=TAI, POIEI= TH\N E(/CIN KAI\ TH\N DIA/QESIN. EI) DE\ E)N YUXH=| MO/NH|, POIEI= TO\ DEU/TERON EI)=DOS TO\ KATA\ DU/NAMIN KAI\ A)DUNAMI/AN. EI) DE\ E)N SW/MATI QEWREI=TAI, H)\ DIA\ BA/QOUS E)STI\N H)\ E)PIPOLAI/WS. KAI\ EI) ME\N DIA\ BA/QOUS, POIEI= TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA, EI) DE\ E)PIPOLAI/WS, TO\ SXH=MA KAI\ TH\N MORFH/N. ME/XRI TOU/TWN KAI\ TO\ TRI/TON KEFA/LAION. @*TE/TARTO/N E)STIN H( DIAFORA\ TW=N EI)DW=N. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI TESSA/RWN O)/NTWN TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TRI/TON KAI\ TE/TARTON DIAFE/REI TOU= DEUTE/ROU, O(/TI TA\ ME\N DUNA/MEI TO\ DE\ E)NERGEI/A|. PA/LIN DIAFE/ROUSIN A)LLH/LWN, O(/TI TO\ ME\N PRW=TON KAI\ E)N YUXH=| [2KAI\ E)N SW/MATI]2 QEWREI=TAI, TO\ DE\ DEU/TERON E)N YUXH=| MO/NH|, TO\ DE\ TRI/TON KAI\ TE/TARTON E)N SW/MATI MO/NON. PA/LIN TO\ TRI/TON TOU= TETA/RTOU DIAFE/REI, O(/TI TO\ ME\N TRI/TON DIA\ BA/QOUS QEWREI=TAI, TO\ DE\ TE/TARTON E)PIPO-LAI/WS TOU= SW/MATOS. @*PE/MPTON TH\N TOU/TWN TA/CIN ZHTH/SWMEN. KAI/ FAMEN W(S EI)KO/TWS E(/CIS KAI\ DIA/QESIS TW=N A)/LLWN PROTE/TAKTAI, DIO/TI KAI\ E)NERGEI/A| E)STI\ KAI\ TELEIW-TIKH\ TH=S YUXH=S KAI\ E)N SW/MATI KAI\ E)N YUXH=| QEWREI=TAI. PROTETI/MHTAI OU)=N KAI\ TAU=TA TW=N A)/LLWN. PA/LIN TO\ KATA\ DU/NAMIN KAI\ A)DUNAMI/AN EI)KO/TWS DEUTE/RAN E)/LAXE TA/CIN, TOU= ME\N PRW/TOU, KAQO/TI TO\ ME\N DUNA/MEI TO\ DE\ E)NER-GEI/A|, TA\ PRWTEI=A DE\ A)PEI/LHFE TW=N LOIPW=N, KAQO\ TO\ ME\N DEU/TERON PERI\ YUXH\N QEWREI=TAI, TA\ DE\ LOIPA\ PERI\ TO\ SW=MA DHLOU=NTAI. TO\ DE\ TRI/TON EI)KO/TWS PROTE/TAKTAI TOU= TETA/RTOU, E)PEIDH\ TO\ ME\N E)N BA/QEI E)STI\ TO\ DE\ E)PI-POLAI/WS QEWREI=TAI. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PROKEIME/NHS QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A KH#.]2>20}1 {1<20*POIO/THTA DE\ LE/GW KAQ' H(\N POIOI/ TINES LEGO/MEQA EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*)/EQOS E)STI\ TOI=S A)RXAIOTE/ROIS, I(/N' O(/TE ME\N AU)TOI\ EU(RI/SKWSIN O)NO/MATA, LE/GEIN TO\ LEGE/SQW KAI\ KALEI/SQW, O(/TE DE\ O)/NOMA LE/GOUSIN HU(RHME/NON [2E)N]2 TH=| KOINH=| SUNHQEI/A| KAI\ PARA\ TOI=S PALAIOI=S KEI/MENON, LE/GEIN TO\ KALEI=TAI KAI\ LE/GETAI. PW=S OU)=N E)NTAU=QA O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS PERI\ POIO/THTOS DIALEGO/MENOS TO\ <20LE/GW>20 EI)=PEN, KAI/TOI EU(/RHTAI H( XRH=SIS TOU= O)NO/MATOS PARA\ *PLA/TWNI; PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI EI)=PEN TO\ <20LE/GW>20 O( FILO/SOFOS, OU)X W(S BOULO/MENOS SFETERI/SASQAI TO\ O)/NOMA TW=N A)RXAI/WN, A)LL' W(S PLATUTE/RAN TH\N TOU/TOU XRH=SIN POIW=N: EI) GA\R KAI\ PARA\ *PLA/TWNI H)=N HU(RHME/NON, A)LL' OU)=N SPANI/A H( TOU/TOU [2XRH=SIS]2 E)FAI/NETO, W(S DHLOI= KAI\ AU)TO\S LE/GWN "3E)/OIKA/S MOI MH\ PA/NU @1 GINW/SKEIN TO\ TH=S POIO/THTOS O)/NOMA A)QRO/WS LEGO/MENON"3. DH=LON OU)=N O(/TI OU)K H)=N H( TOU/TOU XRH=SIS PARA\ TOI=S PALAIOI=S PLATUTE/RA HU(RHME/NH. W(S OU)=N AU)TO\S TELEI/AN TH\N PERI\ TAU/THS DIDASKALI/AN POIOU/MENOS KAI\ PA=SI FANERA/N, EI)=PEN TO\ <20LE/GW.>20 MH\ PERIPLANH/SH| DE/ TINAS H( LE/CIS DIA\ TO\ EI)PEI=N O(/TI <20POIO/THTA LE/GW KAQ' H(\N POIOI/ TINES EI)=NAI LE/GONTAI>20 KAI\ NOMI/SAI PA=SAN POIO/THTA PARWNU/MWS LE/GESQAI KAI\ PA=N PARWNU/MWS LEGO/MENON POIO/-THTA EI)=NAI: OU)DE\ GA\R TOU=TO/ E)STIN A)LHQE/S: OU)/TE GA\R PA=SA POIO/THS PARW-NU/MWS KATHGOREI=TAI [1H( GA\R A)RETH\ KAI\ O( SPOUDAI=OS POIO/THTES OU)=SAI OU) KATHGOROU=NTAI PARWNU/MWS DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)/XEIN KOINWNI/AN O)NO/MATOS, A)LLA\ MA=LLON E(TERWNU/MWS]1, OU)/TE PA=N PARWNU/MWS LEGO/MENON POIO/THS E)STI/: TA\ GA\R PATRW-NUMIKA\ EI) KAI\ PARWNU/MWS LE/GONTAI, A)LL' OU)=N OU)K A)/N POTE/ TIS TAU=TA KALE/SAI POIO/THTAS. E)NTAU=QA DE\ ZHTOU=SI TI/NOS XA/RIN OU)K EI)=PE "3POIO/THTA LE/GW KAQ' H(\N POIOI/ TINES GINO/MEQA"3, A)LLA\ <20KAQ' H(\N POIOI/ TINES EI)=NAI LE/GONTAI.>20 KAI\ LE/GOMEN O(/TI DIA\ TOU= EI)=NAI E)XW/RISE TH\N PAQHTIKH\N [2POIO/THTA]2 A)PO\ TOU= PA/SXEIN, O(/TI H( ME\N PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS TW=N O)/NTWN E)STI\ KAI\ SU/NESTI A)EI\ TW=| U(POKEIME/NW|, TO\ DE\ PA/SXEIN E)N TW=| GI/NESQAI E)/XEI TO\ EI)=NAI. EI) OU)=N EI)=PEN "3KAQ' H(\N POIOI/ TINES GINO/MEQA"3, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ H( POIO/THS H( U(PO\ TO\ PA/SXEIN A)NAGOME/NH, TOU=T' E)/STIN H( DIA\ FO/BON W)XRI/ASIS, POIOU/S TINAS H(MA=S POIEI=, A)PEPLA/NA TO\N NOU=N TW=N A)KROWME/NWN PERI\ TOU=TO TO\ SHMAINO/MENON. TO\ DE\ <20EI)=NAI>20 PROSQEI\S E)/DEICEN O(/TI PERI\ TH=S PAQHTIKH=S POIO/THTOS DIALE/GETAI, H(/TIS TW=N O)/NTWN E)STI/, KAI\ OU) PERI\ TOU= PA/SXEIN TOU= E)N TW=| GI/NESQAI E)/XONTOS TO\ EI)=NAI. E)LA/BONTO DE/ TINES TAU/THS TH=S GRAFH=S, LE/GONTES O(/TI TI/NOS XA/RIN E)NTAU=QA ME\N TH\N POIO/THTA DIA\ TOU= POIOU= E)DI/DACEN, E)N DE\ TW=| TE/LEI TH=S KATHGORI/AS DIA\ TH=S POIO/THTOS DHLOI= TO\ POIO/N. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI EI)KO/TWS TOU=TO PEPOI/HKE: TH\N ME\N GA\R POIO/THTA W(RI/SATO DIA\ TOU= POIOU= DIA\ DU/O AI)TI/AS TINA/S: PRW=TON ME\N DIA\ TOU= SAFOU=S DEI= SHMAI/NEIN TO\ A)SAFE/S: LE/GOMEN DE\ TO\ POIO\N SAFE/STERON EI)=NAI TH=S POIO/THTOS, DIO/TI KAI\ TO\ METE/XON TOU= METE-XOME/NOU SAFE/STERO/N E)STI: TO\ GA\R POIO/N, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ SW=MA TO\ METE/XON TH=S POIO/THTOS, AU)TH\N METE/XEI TH\N POIO/THTA, OU)XI\ DE\ H( POIO/THS METE/XEI TO\ SW=MA. H)\ OU)=N DIA\ TOU= SAFOU=S, TOU=T' E)/STI TOU= POIOU=, TH\N POIO/THTA E)SH/-MANEN, H)\ DIO/TI H( POIO/THS GE/NOS E)STI\ GENIKW/TATON. TAU=TA DE\ TA\ GE/NH OU) DUNA/MEQA SHMA=NAI [2E)K TW=N]2 PRO\ AU)TW=N, DIO/TI OU)DE\N [MHDE\N] E)/XOUSIN A)NW-TE/RW AU)TW=N, A)LL' E)K TW=N METEXO/NTWN AU)TA/, O(/PER KAI\ E)NTAU=QA PEPOIH/KAMEN, DIA\ TOU= METE/XONTOS TH=S POIO/THTOS, H)/GOUN [2TOU= POIOU=]2, TO\ GE/NOS TOU=TO TO\ GENIKW/TATON, LE/GW DH\ TH\N POIO/THTA, DHLW/SANTES. E)N DE\ TW=| TE/LEI TH=S KATHGORI/AS TO\ POIO\N DIA\ TH=S POIO/THTOS E)SH/MANE DIA\ TH\N A)NA/GKHN TW=N PRO/S TI: E)PEIDH\ GA\R TAU=TA DIA\ TH\N SXE/SIN PRO/S TI/ EI)SIN, E)N DE\ TOI=S PRO/S TI A)NA/GKH SUNEISA/GESQAI TO\ E(/TERON TW=| E(TE/RW|, TOU/TOU XA/RIN E)NTAU=QA TO\ POIO\N BOULO/MENOS DHLW=SAI PROSUPH/KOUSE TH\N POIO/THTA DIA\ TH\N A)NA/GKHN TW=N PRO/S TI, W(S EI)/RHTAI. @1 {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ H( POIO/THS TW=N PLEONAXW=S LEGOME/NWN.>20}1 @*)APOROU=MEN E)NTAU=QA O(/TI H( POIO/THS TW=N POLLAXW=S LEGOME/NWN, TA\ DE\ POLLAXW=S LEGO/MENA O(MW/NUMA, H( POIO/THS A)/RA O(MW/NUMOS. H( DE\ LU/SIS E)STI\N AU(/TH: O(/TI KAI\ AU)TO\ TOU=TO TO\ POLLAXW=S LE/GESQAI POLLA\ SHMAI/NEI: POLLAXW=S GA\R LE/GETAI KAI\ TA\ O(MW/NUMA KAI\ TA\ SUNW/NUMA KAI\ TA\ A)F' E(NO/S. A)LLA\ TA\ ME\N O(MW/NUMA POLLAXW=S LE/GONTAI, OU) ME/NTOI GE KAI\ EI)SI/N: E)N GA\R O)NO/-MASI MO/NON H( KOINWNI/A. TA\ DE\ SUNW/NUMA KAI\ EI)SI\ KAI\ LE/GONTAI. O( TOI/NUN *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\ POLLAXW=S E)NTAU=QA LE/GESQAI E)PI\ TW=N SUNWNU/MWN PERIE/LABEN. A)LL' I(/NA TELEI/A GE/NHTAI H( A)PO/KRISIS, PROSQW=MEN TO\ "3O)/NTWN"3 KATA\ DIA/-NOIAN, I(/NA EU(REQEI/H TO\ R(HTO\N OU(/TWS E)/XON "3H( DE\ POIO/THS E)STI\ TW=N POLLAXW=S LEGOME/NWN O)/NTWN"3, I(/NA TO\ TE/LEION TH\N TW=N O(MWNU/MWN DIA/KRISIN POIH-SW/MEQA. {1<20*(\EN ME\N OU)=N EI)=DOS POIO/THTOS E(/CIS KAI\ DIA/QESIS LEGE/SQW.>20}1 @*ZHTOU=MEN E)NTAU=QA PW=S A)PARIQMHSA/MENOS DU/O EI)/DH, LE/GW DH\ E(/CIN KAI\ DIA/QESIN, E(\N EI)=DOS TAU=TA MO/NON E)KA/LESE. KAI/ FASIN O(/TI H( E(/CIS KAI\ H( DIA/-QESIS OU)DE\N DIENHNO/XASIN A)LLH/LWN, EI) MH\ TW=| MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON: TO\ DE\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON EI)/DOUS DIAFORA\N OU)K E)RGA/ZETAI H( A)/RA E(/CIS KAI\ DIA/QESIS OU)/K EI)SI DIA/FORA A)LL' E(/N, W(S EI)=PEN, EI)=DOS TO\ DEXO/MENON TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON. {1<20*DIAFE/REI DE\ E(/CIS DIAQE/SEWS TW=| MONIMW/TERON KAI\ XRONI-W/TERON EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA BOULO/MENOS DIA/KRISIN POIH/SASQAI E(/CEWS KAI\ DIAQE/SEW/S FHSIN O( FILO/SOFOS O(/TI TAU=TA OU) DIENH/NOXEN, EI) MH\ TW=| POLUXRONIWTE/RW|. PRO\S O(/N FAMEN O(/TI AU(/TH OU)K E)/STI TELEI/A DIA/KRISIS: OU) MO/NON GA\R TAU=TA, TOU=T' E)/STIN TH\N E(/CIN KAI\ TH\N DIA/QESIN, TW=| POLUXRONIWTE/RW| KAI\ O)LIGOXRONIWTE/RW| DIAKRI/NOMEN, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)PI\ TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA TH\N A)PO\ PA/QOUS GINO-ME/NHN KAI\ TO\ PA/QOS TAU/TH| PEIRW/MEQA DIAKRI=NAI. I(/NA GOU=N TOU/TWN GE/NHTAI TELEI/A DIA/KRISIS, E(KATE/ROIS TOI=S EI)/DESI PROSQETE/ON TH=| ME\N E(/CEI KAI\ DIAQE/SEI TO\ TE/LEION KAI\ A)TELE/S, TH=| DE\ PAQHTIKH=| POIO/THTI KAI\ TW=| PA/QEI TO\ E)PEISO-DIW=DES, I(/NA EU(REQEI/H OU(/TWS "3TO\ POLUXRONIW/TERON KAI\ MONIMW/TERON"3 KAI\ TELEIWTIKO\N E(/CIS E)STI/, TO\ DE\ O)LIGOXRO/NION KAI\ EU)META/BLHTON KAI\ OU) TE/LEION DIA/QESI/S E)STI, PAQHTIKH\ DE\ POIO/THS E)STI\ TO\ POLUXRO/NION KAI\ DUSMETA/BLHTON KAI\ E)PEISODIW=DES, [2PA/QOS DE/ E)STI TO\ O)LIGOXRO/NION KAI\ EU)META/BLHTON KAI\ E)PEISODIW=DES]2: AU(/TH GA\R H( PROSQH/KH GENOME/NH TELEI/AN TH\N A)MFOTE/RWN POIEI=TAI DIA/KRISIN. @1 {1<20*TOIAU=TAI DE\ AI( E)PISTH=MAI KAI\ AI( A)RETAI/.>20}1 @*PROSUPAKOUSTE/ON E)NTAU=QA O(/TI KAI\ AI( TE/XNAI. AI( DE\ TE/XNAI LE/GONTAI MO/NIMOI EI)=NAI KAI\ DUSMETA/BLHTOI OU) PRO\S TO\ U(POKEI/MENON, A)LLA\ PRO\S TH\N GNW=SIN TOU= GIGNW/SKONTOS, EI) A)/RA E)N E(/CEI E)/XEI TA\ I)ATRIKA\ QEWRH/MATA. {1<20*)EA\N KAI\ METRI/WS TIS E)PISTH/MHN LA/BH|.>20}1 @*METRI/AN E)PISTH/MHN KALEI= TH\N TE/XNHN DIA\ TO\ R(EUSTO\N TH=S U(/LHS, H)\ ME/ROS TH=S E)PISTH/MHS, W(S E)A/N TIS POLLW=N O)/NTWN TW=N *EU)KLEI/DOU QEWRHMA/TWN DE/KA MO/NON EI)DH=| QEWRH/MATA, A)KRIBW=S ME/NTOI KAI\ DUSMETABLH/TWS. {1<20*)EA/NPER MH\ MEGA/LH METABOLH\ GE/NHTAI U(PO\ NO/SOU H)\ E(TE/ROU TINO\S TOIOU/TOU.>20}1 @*TOIAU/THN METABOLH\N *QOUKUDI/DHS I(STO/RHSEN E)N TW=| KAT' AU)TO\N LOIMW=|: FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI ZH/SANTES SFA=S TE E(AUTOU\S H)GNO/OUN KAI\ TOU\S E)PITHDEI/OUS, POLLW=| MA=LLON KAI\ TH\N E)PISTH/MHN, H(\N EI)=XON TO\ PRI/N. {1<20*(WSAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ H( A)RETH/, OI(=ON H( DIKAIOSU/NH KAI\ H( SW-FROSU/NH KAI\ E(/KASTON TW=N TOIOU/TWN, OU)K EU)KI/NHTON DOKEI= EI)=NAI OU)D' EU)META/BLHTON.>20}1 @*EI)KO/TWS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)NDIE/TRIYE TOI=S TH=S YUXH=S PARADEI/GMASI DIA\ TOIAU/THN AI)TI/AN: E)PEIDH\ E)LE/GOMEN O(/TI DUNATO\N TH\N AU)TH\N POIO/THTA, KAT' A)/LLO ME/NTOI KAI\ A)/LLO, KAI\ E(/CIN EI)=NAI KAI\ PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA, E(/CIN ME\N PRO\S TO\ U(POKEI/MENON, PAQHTIKH\N DE\ POIO/THTA PRO\S H(MA=S TOU\S AI)SQANOME/NOUS, H( DE\ E(/CIS DU/NATAI QEWRHQH=NAI KAI\ E)N SW/MATI KAI\ E)N YUXH=|, O(/SAI ME\N OU)=N EI)SI POIO/THTES E)N SW/MATI QEWROU/MENAI KAI\ E)NERGEI/A| OU)=SAI KAI\ E)N BA/QEI TELOU=SAI, AU(=TAI U(PO\ TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA A)NA/GONTAI KAI\ U(PO\ TH\N E(/CIN, OI(=ON H( QERMO/THS H( E)N TW=| PURI/, O(/SAI DE\ E)N YUXH=| MO/NON QEWROU=NTAI, U(PO\ TH\N E(/CIN KAI\ TH\N DIA/QESIN MO/NHN A)NA/GONTAI, OU)KE/TI DE\ U(PO\ TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA: OU)DE\ GA\R POIOU=SI/ TI PERI\ TH\N H(METE/RAN AI)/SQHSIN. BOULO/MENOS TOI/NUN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS MH\ E)PAMFOTERI/ZONTA PARADOU=NAI PARADEI/GMATA TOU/TWN, E(/CEWS KAI\ DIAQE/SEWS, H)NAGKA/SQH PERI\ TAU=TA E)NDIATRI=YAI, I(/NA TELEI/AN TH/N TE TH=S E(/CEWS KAI\ TH=S DIAQE/SEWS POIH/SHTAI DIA\ TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN DIA/KRISIN. {1<20*DIAQE/SEIS LE/GONTAI AI(/ EI)SIN EU)KI/NHTOI KAI\ TAXU\ METABA/L-LOUSAI, OI(=ON QERMO/THS KAI\ YU=CIS KAI\ NO/SOS KAI\ U(GEI/A KAI\ O(/SA A)/LLA TOIAU=TA.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA GENO/MENOI OI( *)ATTIKOI\ E)CHGHTAI\ LAMBA/NONTAI TOU= FILOSO/FOU, @1 LE/GONTES O(/TI OU)K EI)KO/TWS PARE/LABE TA\ PARADEI/GMATA: DIAQE/SEWS ME\N GA\R BOULO/MENOS PARADEI/GMATA LABEI=N, QERMO/THTA KAI\ YU=CIN PARE/LABEN, A(/PER OU)K E)/STI DIAQE/SEIS, A)LLA\ MA=LLON PAQHTIKAI\ POIO/THTES. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI PRW=TON ME\N TH\N AU)TH\N POIO/THTA, W(S POLLA/KIS EI)/RHTAI, KAI\ U(PO\ TH\N DIA/QESIN KAI\ U(PO\ TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA A)NA/GESQAI DUNATO/N. A)/LLWS TE DE\ KAI\ KATEFRO/NHSE TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS POLLA/KIS EI)RHME/NWN: EI) GA\R H)BOULH/QH SAFE/STERON A)PODOU=NAI TA\ PARADEI/GMATA, E)/LEGEN OU(/TWS: O(/TI AI( DIAQE/SEIS LE/GONTAI OI(=ON NO/SOS KAI\ U(GEI/A: H( DE\ NO/SOS KAI\ U(GEI/A EU)KI/NHTA: TA\ DE\ EU)KI/NHTA OI(=ON QERMO/THS KAI\ YUXRO/THS. DEI= TOI/NUN TH=S QERMO/THTOS KAI\ TH=S YU/CEWS A)KOU/EIN W(S PARADEIGMA/TWN O)/NTWN TOU= EU)KI-NH/TOU, OU) ME/NTOI GE TH=S DIAQE/SEWS: W(/SPER GA\R EI)/RHTAI, MH\ PA/NU TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN FRONTI/ZWN, OU)DEMI/AN TOU/TWN E)POIH/SATO DIA/KRISIN, A)LLA\ PA/NTA SUNE/MICEN. {1<20*EI) MH/ TIS KAI\ AU)TW=N TOU/TWN TUGXA/NEI DIA\ XRO/NOU PLH=QOS H)/DH PEFUSIWME/NH KAI\ A)NI/ATOS H)\ PA/NU DUSKI/NHTOS OU)=SA, H(\N A)/N TIS I)/SWS W(S E(/CIN PROSAGOREU/OI.>20}1 @<20*PEFUSIWME/NH>20 LE/GEI, TOU=T' E)/STI FU/SIS TIS GENOME/NH, U(/STERON DE\ O(/TI DUNATO\N TA\S AU)TA\S POIO/THTAS KAI\ E(/CEIS KAI\ DIAQE/SEIS [2LE/GESQAI]2: H( GA\R NO/SOS KAI\ H( U(GEI/A E(/CEIS LE/GONTAI, W(/SPER H( E)N TW=| *MI/LWNI TW=| A)QLHTH=| U(GEI/A KAI\ H( TW=N PENTA/QLWN, PERI\ H(=S *(IPPOKRA/THS FHSI\N "3AI( EI)S A)/KRON EU)ECI/AI SFALERAI/"3, NO/SOS DE\ OI(=ON O( E(KTIKO\S PURETO/S. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N E(/CEIS LE/GEI W(S DUSAPO/-BLHTA, EI) D' EU)META/BLHTA H)=| H( NO/SOS KAI\ U(GEI/A, TO/TE AU)TA\ LE/GEI DIAQE/SEIS U(PA/RXEIN. {1<20*EI)SI\ DE\ AI( ME\N E(/CEIS KAI\ DIAQE/SEIS, AI( DE\ DIAQE/SEIS OU)K E)C A)NA/GKHS E(/CEIS.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA PARALOGISMO/N TINA GIGNO/MENON E)LE/GXEI E)PI\ TOU/TWN O( FILO/-SOFOS TOU=TON E)/XONTA TO\N TRO/PON: FHSI\ GA/R: H( E(/CIS DIA/QESIS, H( DIA/QESIS OU)X E(/CIS, H( E(/CIS OU)X E(/CIS. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI O( ME/SOS O(/ROS O(MW/NUMO/S E)STI, TOU=T' E)/STI H( DIA/QESIS: W(/SPER LE/GOMEN O)/NOMA TO\ KATA\ PANTO\S ME/ROUS LO/GOU FERO/MENON, KAI\ PA/LIN O)/NOMA TO\ PTWTIKO\N TO\ A)NTIDIASTELLO/MENON TW=| R(H/MATI, OU(/TWS E)/STI KAI\ KAQOLIKH\ DIA/QESIS KAI\ MERIKH/: E)/STI GA\R DIA/QESIS H( KOINW=S KAQ' E(/CEWS KAI\ DIAQE/SEWS KATHGOROUME/NH, E)/STI DE\ DIA/QESIS H( A)NTIDIASTELLO-ME/NH TH=| E(/CEI. POTE\ DE\ O( SULLOGISMO\S LAMBA/NEI TH\N KAQOLIKWTE/RAN DIA/-QESIN, O(/TE LE/GEI "3H( E(/CIS DIA/QESIS"3, POTE\ DE\ TH\N MERIKWTE/RAN, O(/TE FHSI\N "3H( DE\ DIA/QESIS OU)X E(/CIS"3. KAI\ E)K TOU/TOU SUMBAI/NEI TO\N PARALOGISMO\N GEGENH=SQAI: PLANA=| GA\R TOU/TOUS H( TH=S DIAQE/SEWS O(MWNUMI/A, MH\ E)N TOI=S A)MFOTE/ROIS O(/ROIS TOU= SULLOGISMOU= TO\ AU)TO\ LAMBA/NHTAI SHMAINO/MENON. @1 {1<20*(/ETERON DE\ GE/NOS POIO/THTOS, KAQ' O(\ PUKTIKOU/S TINAS KAI\ DROMIKOU\S H)\ U(GIEINOU\S KAI\ NOSW/DEIS LE/GOMEN, KAI\ A(PLW=S O(/SA KATA\ DU/NAMIN FUSIKH\N H)\ A)DUNAMI/AN LE/GETAI: OU) GA\R TW=| DIA-KEI=SQAI/ PWS E(/KASTON TW=N TOIOU/TWN POIO\N LE/GETAI, A)LLA\ MA=LLON TW=| DU/NAMIN E)/XEIN FUSIKH\N [2H)\ A)DUNAMI/AN]2 TOU= POIH=SAI/ TI R(A|DI/WS H)\ MHDE\N PA/SXEIN,>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*(/INA TO\ DEU/TERON EI)=DOS TH=S POIO/THTOS NOH/SWMEN, TRI/A TAU=TA ZHTH/-SWMEN: POSAXW=S H( DU/NAMIS, KAI\ PERI\ POI/AS DUNA/MEW/S E)STIN H(MI=N O( LO/GOS, KAI\ TRI/TON AU)TH\ H( DU/NAMIS PERI\ H(=S DIALEGO/MEQA. OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ TAU/THN E)/XOMEN TH\N [2PRO/]2QESIN, A)RKTE/ON A)PO\ TOU= PRW/TOU. H( TOI/NUN DU/NAMIS H( A(PLW=S DIXW=S LE/GETAI, H)\ PROSEXW=S H)\ PO/RRW. EI) DE\ H( DU/NAMIS DIXW=S LE/GETAI, KAI\ H( A)DUNAMI/A O(MOLOGOUME/NWS TOSAUTAXW=S LEXQH/SETAI, H)\ PROSEXW=S H)\ PO/RRW: O(SAXW=S GA\R LE/GETAI TO\ E(/TERON TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN, TOSAUTAXW=S KAI\ TO\ E(/TERON. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TA\ PARADEI/GMATA FW=S A)NA/PTEIN EI)/WQE TOI=S LEGOME/NOIS, FE/RE E(KA/STW| TW=N PROEIRHME/NWN U(POBA/LLWMEN PARA/DEIGMA. PO/RRW TOI/NUN DU/NA-MI/N FAMEN, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN TO\N A)/NQRWPON E)PITH/DEION EI)=NAI PRO\S PA=SAN E)PISTH/MHN, PROSEXH= DE\ DU/NAMIN LE/GOMEN, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN AU)TO\N TO\N A)/NQRWPON E)PITHDEI/WS E)/XEIN PRO\S GRAMMATIKH/N. O(MOI/WS PO/RRW A)DUNAMI/A E)STI/N, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN TO\N LI/QON [2MH\]2 E)PITH/DEION EI)=NAI PRO\S PA=SAN E)PISTH/MHN, PROSEXH\S DE\ A)DUNAMI/A E)STIN, W(S O(/TE EI)/PWMEN TO\N LI/QON MH\ DU/NASQAI E)PITHDEI/WS E)/XEIN PRO\S GRAMMATIKH/N. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS H(MI=N SUMPERAI/NETAI TO\ [2PRW=TON]2 KEFA/-LAION. DEU/TERON KEFA/LAION, E)N W(=| O)FEI/LOMEN META\ TH\N A)PARI/QMHSIN TW=N SHMAINOME/NWN TH=S DUNA/MEWS KAI\ TH=S A)DUNAMI/AS EI)DE/NAI PERI\ POI/WN SHMAI-NOME/NWN E)STI\N H(MI=N O( LO/GOS. LE/GW TOI/NUN O(/TI O( LO/GOS OU) GI/NETAI H(MI=N OU)/TE PERI\ TH=S PO/RRW DUNA/MEWS OU)/TE PERI\ TH=S PO/RRW A)DUNAMI/AS, A)LLA\ PERI\ TW=N PROSEXW=N. KAI\ EI)KO/TWS OU) PERI\ TW=N PO/RRW H(MI=N O( LO/GOS, A)LLA\ PERI\ TW=N PROSEXW=N, DIO/TI H( ZH/THSIS H(MI=N E)STI PERI\ SUMBEBHKO/TWN KAI\ O)/NTWN. DIO/TI ME\N OU)=N PERI\ SUMBEBHKO/TWN H( ZH/THSIS, A)PEXO/MEQA TH=S PO/RRW DUNA/-MEWS [1AU(/TH GA\R OU)SI/A E)STI/N, W(S DEI/COMEN]1, DIO/TI DE\ PERI\ O)/NTWN H(MI=N O( LO/GOS, OU) POLUPRAGMONOU=MEN TH\N PO/RRW A)DUNAMI/AN: AU(/TH GA\R PANTELH/S E)STI STE/RHSIS KAI\ MH\ O)/N. O(/TI DE\ H( PO/RRW DU/NAMIS OU)SI/A E)STI\ KAI\ OU) POIO/THS, DH=LON E)C W(=N TH\N U(/LHN METE/XOUSAN AU)TH=S A)/POION LE/GOMEN. TH=S DE\ PO/RRW DUNA/MEWS H( U(/LH METE/XEI, DIO/TI E)PITHDEI/WS E)/XEI PRO\S PA/NTA. TRI/TON KEFA/LAION, E)N W(=| O)FEI/LOMEN DIALEXQH=NAI PERI\ TW=N A)FORISQE/NTWN H(MI=N SHMAINOME/NWN. H( TOI/NUN DU/NAMIS H( PROSEXH/S [1PERI\ GA\R TAU/THS H(MI=N O( LO/GOS]1, KAI\ DE\ KAI\ H( A)DUNAMI/A H( PROSEXH/S, A(/TE DH\ E)N TW=| POIEI=N KAI\ PA/SXEIN QEWROU/MENAI, TETRAXW=S E(KATE/RA AU)TW=N DIAIREQH/SETAI: DU/NASQAI LOIPO\N GI/GNESQAI O)KTW\ TA\S PA/SAS SUMPLOKA/S: OI(=ON DUNATO\N POIEI=N, DUNATO\N @1 MH\ POIEI=N, A)DU/NATON POIEI=N, A)DU/NATON MH\ POIEI=N, DUNATO\N PA/SXEIN, DUNATO\N MH\ PA/SXEIN, A)DU/NATON PA/SXEIN, A)DU/NATON MH\ PA/SXEIN. TETRAXW=S TOI/NUN E(KATE/ROU LEGOME/NOU, O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS DU/O SUMPLOKA\S A)F' E(KATE/ROU LAMBA/NEI, TO\ OI)KEIO/TERON TW=| OI)KEI/W| A)PODIDOU/S: OI(=ON TW=| ME\N DUNA/MEI A)PODE/DWKEN TO\ DU/NASQAI POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ DU/NASQAI MH\ PA/SXEIN [1TAU=TA GA/R E)STIN AU)TH=| OI)KEI-O/TERA TW=N LOIPW=N]1, TH=| DE\ A)DUNAMI/A| TO\ MH\ DU/NASQAI POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ MH\ DU/NASQAI MH\ PA/SXEIN: TAU=TA GA/R E)STIN AU)TH=| OI)KEIO/TERA. I(/NA DE\ SAFE/STERON TO\N LO/GON POIH/SWMEN, U(PODEI/GMATA TOU/TWN PROSXRHSW/MEQA: DUNA/MENON POIEI=N LE/GOMEN OI(=ON TO\N PU/KTHN, DUNA/MENON DE\ MH\ PA/SXEIN TO\N U(GIEINO/N, DIO/TI MH\ BLA/PTETAI R(A|DI/WS U(PO\ TW=N E)/CWQEN PROSPIPTO/NTWN. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N TH=S DUNA/MEW/S FAMEN TA\ PARADEI/GMATA. E)PI\ DE\ TH=S A)DUNAMI/AS FAME\N MH\ DU/NASQAI ME\N POIEI=N TO\N R(A/|QUMON TO\N E)/XONTA U(PTIASME/NON TO\N NOU=N KAI\ MH\ DUNA/MENON POIEI=N TA\ PROSH/KONTA, MH\ DU/NASQAI DE\ MH\ PA/SXEIN OI(=ON TO\ MALAKO\N SW=MA: TOU=TO GA\R OU) DU/NATAI MH\ PA/SXEIN, TOU=T' E)/STI MH\ <20DIAIREI=SQAI.>20 KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS PARAGEGRA/FQW H(MI=N TO\ DEU/TERON EI)=DOS TH=S POIO/THTOS. @*PROSKEXRH/SQW DE\ H(MI=N EU)TA/KTWS KAI\ TO\ TRI/TON EI)=DOS AU)TH=S, FHMI\ DH\ TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA KAI\ TO\ PA/QOS: AU(/TH GA\R H( PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS H)\ SUMPLHROI= TO\ EI)=DOS, W(S H( E)N TW=| ME/LITI GLUKU/THS, H)\ OU) SUMPLHROI=. KAI\ EI) MH\ SUMPLHROI=, H)\ E)N PANTI\ TW=| EI)/DEI U(PA/RXEI, W(S H( LEUKO/THS H( E)N TW=| KU/KNW|, H)\ OU)K E)N PANTI/, W(S H( LEUKO/THS H( E)N TW=| A)NQRW/PW|, PLH\N W(S A)\N H)=| TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA POIEI= TH\N A)PO\ PA/QOUS GINOME/NHN. TETTA/RWN OU)=N O)/NTWN [2TW=N]2 SUMPLHRWTIKW=N, W(S E)N TOI=S PROLABOU=SIN EI)/RHTAI, PAQHTIKH=S POIO/THTOS TH=S PA/QOS POIOU/SHS PERI\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN, KAI\ PAQHTIKH=S POIO/THTOS TH=S A)PO\ PA/QOUS GINOME/NHS, KAI\ AU)TOU= ME/NTOI TOU= PA/QOUS, E)/TI DE\ KAI\ TOU= PA/SXEIN, EI) DU/NATAI H( AU)TH\ POIO/THS EI)/TE E)PI\ SWMATIKH=S EI)/TE E)PI\ YUXIKH=S POIO/THTOS EI)=NAI E)PIDEKTIKH/, ZHTH/SEI O( LO/GOS: OI(=ON E)PI\ SWMATIKH=S POIO/THTOS W(S H( QERMO/THS H( E)N PURI\ PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS E)STI\ PA/QOS POIOU=SA KATA\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN, H( DE\ E)N TW=| A)NQRW/PW| TW=| QERMOTE/RW| KEKRAME/NW| KATA\ FU/SIN PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS E)STI\N A)PO\ PA/QOUS GINOME/NH, H( DE\ E)N TW=| PURE/TTONTI QER-MO/THS OU)X A(PLW=S OU(/TWS E)STI\N A)LLA\ PA/QOS, H( D' E)C H(LIKI/AS SUMBAI/NOUSA QERMO/THS U(PO\ TO\ PA/SXEIN A)NAFE/RETAI. W(SAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N YUXIKW=N POIOTH/TWN E)/STIN GUMNA/SAI TO\N LO/GON: O( ME\N GA\R QUMO\S E)N TW=| LE/ONTI PAQH-TIKH\ POIO/THS E)STI\N SUMPLHROU=SA TO\ EI)=DOS, E)N DE\ TW=| KEKRAME/NW| O)RGILW/TERON PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS A)PO\ PA/QOUS GENOME/NH, E)N DE\ TW=| KATA\ PERI/STASIN O)RGI/LW|, O(/TE DH\ KAI\ LUPEI=N TOU=TON SUMBAI/NEI, PA/QOS E)STI/N, E)N DE\ TW=| KATA\ PRO/S-KAIRON O)RGILWTE/RW| KAI\ TAXE/WS PAUOME/NW| PA/SXEIN E)STI/. @*TAU=TA KAI\ PERI\ TOU= TRI/TOU EI)/DOUS EI)RHKO/TES METABW=MEN E)PI\ TO\ TE/TARTON EI)=DOS, O(/ E)STIN SXH=MA KAI\ MORFH/. A)LL' W(/SPER TA\ ME/RH TW=N OU)SIW=N OU)SI/AI E)STI/N, OU(/TW KAI\ TA\ ME/RH TW=N POIOTH/TWN POIO/THTE/S EI)SIN. ME/RH DE\ TW=N @1 SXHMA/TWN TO/ TE EU)QU\ KAI\ TO\ KAMPU/LON, E)PEIDH\ PA=N SXH=MA E)C AU)TW=N SU/G-KEITAI, H)\ E)K MO/NWN EU)QEIW=N H)\ E)K MO/NWN PERIFEREIW=N, H)\ E)C EU)QEIW=N A(/MA KAI\ PERIFEREIW=N. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, POIO/THTES A)/RA E)/SONTAI TO/ TE EU)QU\ KAI\ TO\ KAMPU/LON. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ PA/NTA TA\ EI)/DH TH=S POIO/THTOS DIECH/LQOMEN, FE/RE ZHTH/SWMEN U(PO\ POI=ON EI)=DOS TH=S POIO/THTOS A)NAKTE/ON TO\ BARU\ KAI\ TO\ KOU=FON KAI\ TO\ TRAXU\ KAI\ TO\ LEI=ON KAI\ TO\ MANO\N KAI\ TO\ PUKNO/N. TO\ ME\N OU)=N BARU\ KAI\ TO\ KOU=FON OU)/K EI)SIN POIO/THTES A)LL' OU)SI/AI: E)N OU)SI/AIS GA/R EI)SI TO\ ME\N KA/TW FERO/MENON H( BARU/THS, TO\ DE\ A)/NW [2H(]2 KOUFO/THS. TA\ DE\ LOIPA\ FHSI\N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS U(PO\ TO\ PRO/S TI A)NA/GESQAI: LE/GEI GA\R O(/TI TO\ TRAXU\ KAI\ TO\ LEI=ON OU)DE\N A)/LLO SHMAI/NEI H)\ TH\N QE/SIN TW=N MORI/WN, A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ MANO\N KAI\ TO\ PUKNO/N: TI/ GA/R FAMEN TRAXU/; OU) TO\ E)/XON A)NWMA/LWS KEI/MENA TA\ MO/RIA; OU(/TW DE\ KAI\ PUKNO/N FAMEN TO\ SU/NEGGUS E)/XON TA\ MO/RIA, MANO\N DE\ OU(= TA\ MO/RIA A)P' A)LLH/LWN DIE/STHKE. TAU=TA DE\ QE/SEIS: H( DE\ QE/SIS TW=N PRO/S TI: DH=LON OU)=N O(/TI KAI\ TAU=TA U(PO\ TA\ PRO/S TI A)NA/GONTAI. KAI\ PERI\ ME\N TOU= TRAXE/OS KAI\ TOU= LEI/OU OU)DE\N POLUPRAGMONOU=MEN: A)LHQEU/EI GA/R. PERI\ DE\ TOU= MANOU= KAI\ TOU= PUKNOU= ZHTHTE/ON, MH/POTE TA\ E)NANTI/A E(AUTW=| FA/SKEI, E)NTAU=QA ME\N LE/GWN AU)TA\ PRO/S TI, E)N DE\ TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S POIO/THTAS TAU=TA KALW=N. FAME\N TOI/NUN O(/TI A)MFO/TEROI OI( LO/GOI DU/NANTAI A)LHQEU/EIN: TO\ GA\R MANO\N KAI\ TO\ PUKNO\N DU/O SHMAI/NEI: LE/GETAI GA\R PUKNO\N POTE\ ME\N TO\ SU/NEGGUS TA\ MO/RIA E)/XON POTE\ DE\ TO\ DUSPAQE/S, OU(/TW KAI\ MANO\N POTE\ ME\N TO\ DIESTHKO/TA E)/XON TA\ MO/RIA POTE\ DE\ TO\ EU)PAQE/S. O(/TE ME\N OU)=N TO\ PUKNO\N SHMAI/NEI TO\ SU/NEGGUS E)/XON TA\ MO/RIA, U(PO\ TA\ PRO/S TI A)NAFE/RETAI, O(MOI/WS KAI\ TO\ MANO/N, O(/TE DIESTHKO/TA SHMAI/NEI TA\ MO/RIA, KAI\ AU)TO\ U(PO\ TO\ PRO/S TI A)NAFE/RETAI, O(/TE DE\ TAU=TA DHLOU=SI TH\N EU)PA/-QEIAN KAI\ TH\N DUSPA/QEIAN, U(PO\ TH\N POIO/THTA A)NA/GONTAI, KA)K TH=S POIO/-THTOS U(PO\ TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA TH\N A)PO\ PA/QOUS GINOME/NHN. 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TO\ ME\N <20PUKTIKOU\S H)\ DROMIKOU\S>20 PARA/DEIGMA/ E)STI TOU= DU/NASQAI POIEI=N, TO\ DE\ <20U(GIEINOU\S>20 PARA/DEIGMA/ E)STI TOU= DU/NASQAI MH\ PA/SXEIN, TO\ DE\ NOSW/DEIS PARA/DEIGMA/ E)STI TOU= MH\ DU/NASQAI PA/SXEIN: TO\ GA\R MH\ DU/NASQAI POIEI=N PARE/LEIYEN E)NTAU=QA O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS W(S E)C H(MI=N PROSUPA-KOUO/MENON. E)KEI=NO DE\ SHMEIWTE/ON O(/TI OU) TAU)TO/N E)STIN PU/KTHS KAI\ PUKTIKO/S, A)LLA\ PU/KTHS ME\N O( E)NERGEI/A| E)/XWN TH\N PUKTIKH\N E)PISTH/MHN, PUKTIKO\S DE\ O( MH/PW ME\N E)NERGEI/A| E)/XWN E)PITH/DEIOS DE\ W)\N PRO\S TO\ PARASKEUA/SASQAI TAU/THN. OU(/TWS R(H/TWR ME\N O( E)NERGEI/A| W)/N, R(HTORIKO\S DE\ E)PITH/DEIOS PRO\S R(HTORIKH/N. 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OU)DE\N DE\ A)/TOPON KAI\ NU=N TAU/THS MNHSQH=NAI: H( PAQHTIKH\ POIO/THS H)\ SUM-PLHROI= TO\ EI)=DOS H)\ OU) SUMPLHROI=. KAI\ EI) ME\N SUMPLHROI=, GI/GNETAI H( PA/QOS POIOU=SA PERI\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN, EI) DE\ OU) SUMPLHROI= TO\ EI)=DOS, H)\ PANTI\ TW=| EI)/DEI U(PA/RXEI, W(S H( LEUKO/THS H( E)N TW=| KU/KNW|, H)\ OU) PANTI\ TW=| EI)/DEI, W(S H( E)N A)NQRW/PW| LEUKO/THS, PLH\N W(S A)\N H)=| TH\N PAQHTIKH\N POIO/THTA POIEI= TH\N A)PO\ PA/QOUS GIGNOME/NHN. {1<20*LEUKO/THS DE\ KAI\ MELANI/A KAI\ AI( A)/LLAI XROIAI\ OU) TO\N AU)TO\N TRO/PON TOI=S EI)RHME/NOIS PAQHTIKAI\ POIO/THTES LE/GONTAI, A)LLA\ TW=| AU)TA\S A)PO\ PA/QOUS GEGONE/NAI.>20}1 @*ZHTHTE/ON E)NTAU=QA PW=S TA\ XRW/MATA OU) LE/GEI PA/QOS POIEI=N PERI\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, KAI/TOI GE POIOU=NTA: TO\ ME\N GA\R LEUKO\N DIAKRI/NEI TO\ DE\ ME/LAN SUGKRI/NEI TH\N O)/YIN. FAME\N TOI/NUN O(/TI TOU=TO PEPOI/HKEN DIA\ TE/TTARAS AI)TI/AS: H)\ GA\R A)PO\ TOU= E)CAIRE/TOU, W(S EI)/RHTAI E)N TOI=S PROLABOU=SI, @1 BOULO/MENOS TA\S KATHGORI/AS E(KA/STW| QEI=NAI, H)\ E)PEIDH\ TA\ ME\N A)/LLA TOIOU=TON PA/QOS POIOU=SIN, OI(=A/ PER AU)TA/ EI)SIN, OI(=ON TO\ QERMO\N QERMAI/NEI KAI\ TO\ YUXRO\N YU/XEI, TA\ DE\ XRW/MATA OU) TOIOU=TON PA/QOS POIEI=, OI(=A/ EI)SIN AU)TA/: TO\ GOU=N LEUKO\N DIAKRI/NEI TH\N O)/YIN, OU) ME/NTOI GE KAI\ LEUKAI/NEI, TO\ ME/LAN SUGKRI/NEI, OU) MH\N KAI\ MELAI/NEI. KAI\ DIA\ TAU/THN TH\N AI)TI/AN OU)K H)NE/SXETO EI)PEI=N AU)TA\ PA/QOS POIEI=N PERI\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN. TRI/TH AI)TI/A, O(/TI TA\ ME\N A)/LLA OU)X OI(=O/N TE/ E)STIN XWRISQH=NAI E)PINOI/A|, TAU=TA DE\ E)PINOI/A| XWRI/ZETAI, W(/S FHSIN O( *PORFU/RIOS. TETA/RTH AI)TI/A: TA\ PA/QH E)N XRO/NW| GI/NETAI, TH\N DE\ O)/YIN TINE/S FASIN A)XRO/NWS O(RA=N: EI) GA\R E)N XRO/NW| E)GI/GNETO, FASI/, TO\ O(RA=N, E)/DEI TO\ ME\N PLHSI/ON PRO/TERON O(RA=N TO\ DE\ PO/RRW U(/STERON O(RA=N, KAI\ MH\ A(/MA A(/PANTA. A)LLA\ MH\N PA/NTA A(/MA E)/STIN O(RA=N: OU)K A)/RA E)N XRO/NW| TO\ O(RA=N. KALW=S A)/RA OU)K EI)=PEN TA\ XRW/MATA PA/QH POIEI=N PERI\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN, I(/NA MH\ EI)S TH\N TOIAU/THN EI)SPE/SOI A)MFISBH/THSIN TH\N ZHTOU=SAN EI)/TE E)N XRO/NW| EI)/TE A)XRO/NWS GI/NETAI TO\ O(RA=N. {1<20*AI)SXUNQEI\S GA/R TIS E)RUQRO\S E)GE/NETO KAI\ FOBHQEI\S W)XRO\S KAI\ E(/KASTON TW=N TOIOU/TWN.>20}1 @*TOU=TO/ FHSIN O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI OU)K E)K KRA/SEWS O( KATA\ FU/SIN W)XRO\S KAI\ O( KATA\ FU/SIN E)RUQRO\S TOIAU=TA E)XRH/SANTO TA\ XRW/MATA, O( DE\ DIA\ FO/BON W)XRIW=N KAI\ O( DI' AI)DW= E)RUQRIW=N. 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E)PI\ ME\N OU)=N TW=N PLEI/STWN KAI\ SXEDO\N E)PI\ PA/NTWN PARWNU/MWS LE/GE- @1TAI, OI(=ON A)PO\ TH=S LEUKO/THTOS O( LEUKO\S KAI\ A)PO\ TH=S GRAMMATI-@KH=S O( GRAMMATIKO\S KAI\ A)PO\ TH=S DIKAIOSU/NHS O( DI/KAIOS.>20}1 @*META\ TH\N U(POGRAFH\N TH=S POIO/THTOS KAI\ TH\N TAU/THS DIAI/RESIN META-BAI/NEI LOIPO\N O( FILO/SOFOS E)PI\ TO\ DIDA/CAI TA\ I)/DIA TAU/THS. PRI\N DE\ TOU=TO POIH=SAI, TH\N EI)RHME/NHN U(POGRAFH\N DIORQW/SEWS A)CIOI=. KAI\ A)/CION ZHTH=SAI W(S TI/NOS XA/RIN MH\ EU)QU\S TAU/THN DIWRQW/SATO, A)LLA\ META\ TH\N U(POGRAFH\N TH\N DIAI/RESIN [2E)/TACE]2. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI TOU=TO EI)KO/TWS PEPOI/HKEN: H( GA\R U(POGRAFH\ I)DI/W| A)NALOGEI=. OU)K EU)QU\S OU)=N DIWRQW/SATO TAU/THN A)LLA\ META\ TH\N DIAI/RESIN, I(/NA SUNA/RIQMOS GE/NHTAI TOI=S I)DI/OIS: BOU/LETAI GA\R AU)TH\N DIOR-QW/SASQAI KAI\ A)KE/RAION A)PODEI=CAI, I(/NA KATA\ TO\ SUNEXE\S SU\N TOI=S I)DI/OIS EU(REQEI/H LEGOME/NH. TI/S DE/ E)STIN H( AU)TH=S DIO/RQWSIS; TO\ <20O(PWSOU=N A)/LLWS:>20 H( ME\N GA\R PROTE/RA U(POGRAFH\ DHLOI= TO\ PARWNU/MWS TA\S POIO/THTAS KATHGO-REI=SQAI. TOU=TO DE\ OU)K A)LHQE/S: OU) MO/NON GA\R PARWNU/MWS A)LLA\ TETRAXW=S KATHGOROU=NTAI, PARWNU/MWS, O(MWNU/MWS, E(TERWNU/MWS, A)KATONOMA/STWS. KAI\ PARWNU/MWS ME\N KATHGOREI=TAI W(S TO\ LEUKO\N A)PO\ TH=S LEUKO/THTOS, E(TERWNU/MWS DE\ W(S H( A)RETH\ TOU= SPOUDAI/OU, O(MWNU/MWS DE\ W(S H( MOUSIKH\ E)PISTH/MH TH=S MOUSIKH=S GUNAIKO/S, A)KATONOMA/STWS DE\ W(S TO\ DEU/TERON EI)=DOS O(/LON TH=S POIO/-THTOS. KAI\ DIO/TI ME\N PARWNU/MWS KATHGOREI=TAI, EI)=PEN <20KAQ' H(\N POIOI/ TINES EI)=NAI LEGO/MEQA,>20 DIO/TI DE\ KAI\ O(MWNU/MWS KAI\ E(TERWNU/MWS KAI\ A)KAT-ONOMA/STWS, PROSE/QHKEN <20H)\ O(PWSOU=N A)/LLWS,>20 I(/NA TOU\S A)/LLOUS TREI=S TRO/POUS AI)NI/CHTAI. @*TOU/TWN OU)=N OU(/TWS EI)RHME/NWN KAI\ TH=S TELEI/AS H(MI=N U(POGRAFH=S E)GNW-SME/NHS, FE/RE LOIPO\N KAI\ TH\N TW=N I)DI/WN DIDASKALI/AN POIHSW/MEQA. TRI/A TOI/NUN E)/STI TH=S POIO/THTOS I)/DIA, TO\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/A, TO\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON, TO\ O(/MOION KAI\ A)NO/MOION LE/GESQAI. A)LL' EI) DOKEI=, E(/KASTON TOU/TWN I)DI/AS E)CETA/SEWS A)CIW/SWMEN, KAI\ PRW=TON ME\N TO\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON H(MI=N EI)S GUMNASI/AN PROKEI/SQW. ZHTH/SWMEN OU)=N EI) MO/NH| KAI\ PA/SH| TH=| POIO/THTI U(PA/RXEI TO\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON. TINE\S ME\N OU)=N LE/GOUSIN O(/TI OU) MO/NH|: KAI\ GA\R TA\ PRO/S TI E)/XEI E)NANTI/A KAI\ TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI EI) KAI\ TAU=TA E)/XEI E)NANTI/A, A)LL' OU)=N OU) DI' E(AUTA\ A)LLA\ DIA\ TH\N POIO/-THTA: TA\ ME\N GA\R PRO/S TI, W(S POLLA/KIS EI)/RHTAI, I)DI/AN U(/LHN OU)K E)/XEI, A)LL' E)N PA/SAIS TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS QEWREI=TAI. O(/TE ME\N OU)=N E)N TH=| POIO/THTI EU(RI/-SKETAI, TO/TE E)/XEI TA\ E)NANTI/A, XA/RIN TH=S POIO/THTOS DHLONO/TI. PA/LIN DE\ TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN LE/GOMEN U(PO\ TH=S OU)SI/AS KAI\ TOU= POIOU= GEGENH=SQAI. KAI\ O(/TI ME\N DIA\ TH\N OU)SI/AN OU)K E)/XEI TA\ E)NANTI/A, PRO/DHLON: DE/DEIKTAI GA\R O(/TI TH=| OU)SI/A| OU)DE/N E)STIN E)NANTI/ON. EI) OU)=N DIA\ TH\N OU)SI/AN OU)K E)/XEI E)NANTI/ON, U(POLEI/PETAI A)/RA KAI\ TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN DIA\ TH\N POIO/THTA E)/XEIN TO\ E)NANTI/ON. EI) OU)=N AI( A)/LLAI PA=SAI KATHGORI/AI DIA\ TH\N AI)TI/AN TAU/THN E)/XOUSI TO\ E)NANTI/ON, PW=S OU) PRO/DHLON O(/TI AU)TH\ KAI\ MO/NH KURI/WS KAI\ PRW/TWS E)/XEI TO\ E)NANTI/ON; KAI\ O(/TI ME\N MO/NH| U(PA/RXEI E)DEI/CAMEN, A)=RA DE\ KAI\ PA/SH| @1 U(PA/RXEI; FAME\N OU)DAMW=S: TAI=S GA\R MESO/THSI TW=N E)NANTI/WN OU)DE/N E)STIN E)NANTI/ON, OI(=ON TW=| FAIW=|, TW=| W)XRW=|: TO\ GA\R FAIO\N OU)/TE TW=| LEUKW=| E)STIN E)NANTI/ON OU)/TE TW=| ME/LANI: TA\ GA\R E)NANTI/A PLEI=STON BOU/LETAI DIESTA/NAI: OU)DE/POTE DE\ TA\ ME/SA TOSOU=TON DIE/STHKE TW=N A)/KRWN, O(/SON TA\ A)/KRA A)P' A)LLH/LWN. OU)/TE OU)=N AI( MESO/THTES TW=N E)NANTI/WN E)/XOUSI/ TI E)NANTI/ON, OU)/TE DE\ TO\ TRI/GWNON KAQO\ TRI/GWNON OU)/TE TO\ DEU/TERON EI)=DOS TH=S POIO/THTOS. KAI\ TOSAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TOU= PRW/TOU I)DI/OU EI)RH/SQW. @*DEU/TERON DE\ I)/DION E)LE/GOMEN TO\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON. ZHTH/SWMEN DE\ KA)NTAU=QA EI) MO/NH| KAI\ PA/SH| U(PA/RXEI TH=| POIO/THTI. KAI\ TINE\S ME\N TA\S AU)TA\S H(MI=N A)PORI/AS PROFE/ROUSIN, A(/SPER KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N E)NANTI/WN, W(S KAI\ H(MA=S A)NAGKASQH=NAI TA\S AU)TA\S E)PILU/SEIS A(/SPER E)KEI=SE PRO\S TOU/TOUS EI)PEI=N. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N KAI\ TO\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON MO/NH| TH=| POIO/THTI U(PA/RXEI, W(S E)K TW=N U(PENANTI/WN LO/GWN E)DEI/CAMEN, LOIPO\N ZHTH=SAI A)/CION EI) PA/SH| U(PA/RXEI H)\ MH/. FAME\N O(/TI OU) PA/SH|: OU)/TE GA\R TO\ TRI/GWNON E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTO/N FAMEN OU)/TE DE\ TO\N KU/KLON: TAU=TA GA\R MEI/ZONA KAI\ E)LA/TTONA LE/GETAI, TO\ DE\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON OU)K E)PIDE/XONTAI. TINE\S DE\ BOULO/MENOI DEI=CAI W(S OU)DEMIA=| POIO/THTI U(PA/RXEI TO\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON TAU=TA/ FASIN: O(/TI H( POIO/THS AU)TH\ KAQ' E(AUTH\N OU)K E)PIDE/XETAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON [1OU) LE/GOMEN GA\R OU)/TE DIKAIOSU/NHN DIKAIO-SU/NHS MA=LLON H)\ H(=TTON OU)/TE LEUKO/THTA LEUKO/THTOS MA=LLON H)\ H(=TTON]1, A)LLA\ TA\ METE/XONTA TH=S POIO/THTO/S EI)SIN TA\ E)PIDEXO/MENA KAI\ TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ TO\ H(=TTON, OU)K AU)TAI\ AI( POIO/THTES. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI EI) TA\ METE/XONTA TH=S POIO/THTO/S EI)SIN TA\ E)PIDEXO/MENA TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON, KAI\ OU) TA\ METEXO/MENA, E)RWTHTE/ON U(MA=S: A)=RA AU)TA\ TA\ METE/XONTA DI' E(AUTA\ E)PIDE/XONTAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON [2H)\]2 DIA\ TH\N POIO/THTA; EI) ME\N OU)=N DI' E(AUTA\ E)PIDE/XETAI, DH=LON O(/TI KAI\ PRO\ TOU= DE/CASQAI TH\N POIO/THTA TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON E)/XEI, EI) DE\ OU) DI' E(AUTA\ A)LLA\ DIA\ TH\N POIO/THTA, PRO/DHLON W(S E)N TH=| POIO/THTI/ E)STI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON. O(/ PER *)ARISTOTE/LHS A)MFOTE/RAIS TAI=S DO/CAIS PROSTI/-QETAI: POTE\ ME\N GA\R A)PODE/XETAI TH\N PRW/THN DO/CAN TH\N LE/GOUSAN MHDE/POTE AU)TH\N KAQ' E(AUTH\N TH\N POIO/THTA E)PIDE/XESQAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON, POTE\ DE\ A)RE/SKETAI TH=| DEUTE/RA| DO/CH| TH=| LEGOU/SH| E)PIDE/XESQAI TH\N POIO/THTA TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON. TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; E)NANTI/A E(AUTW=| FQE/GGETAI O( FILO/SOFOS; OU)DAMW=S: A)MFO/TEROI GA\R AI( LO/GOI A)LHQEI=S EI)SIN, KAI\ TO\ E)PIDE/XESQAI TAU/THN TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON KAI\ TO\ MH\ E)PIDE/XESQAI: EI) GA\R NOH/SWMEN TH\N POIO/THTA OU(/TWS, I)STE/ON O(/TI H( POIO/THS DITTH/ E)STIN: LE/GETAI GA\R H( POIO/THS KAI\ W(S METEXO-ME/NH KAI\ W(S O(RISTH/. KAI\ O(/TE ME\N W(S METEXOME/NHN AU)TH\N LA/BWMEN, TO/TE E)PIDE/XETAI TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON, O(/TE DE\ W(S O(RISTH/N, TO/TE OU)K E)PIDE/XETAI: OU)DE\N GA\R TW=N O)/NTWN KATA\ TH\N I)DI/AN U(/PARCIN TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON E)PI-DE/XETAI. KAI\ MA/RTUS O( *PORFU/RIOS LE/GWN "3OU)DE/POTE E(\N PRA=GMA KAI\ TO\ AU)TO\ A)/NESIN KAI\ E)PI/TASIN DE/XETAI"3. @*TOU/TWN OU)=N OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN KAI\ DEICA/NTWN H(MW=N TO\N FILO/SOFON E(AUTW=| @1 SUMFWNOU=NTA, METE/LQWMEN LOIPO\N E)PI\ TO\ TRI/TON I)/DION, KA)KEI=SE OU)DE\N H(=TTON GUMNA/SANTES E(AUTOU/S. FAME\N TOI/NUN O(/TI TOU=TO TO\ I)/DION A)PODE/XETAI O( FILO/-SOFOS W(S KURI/WS U(PA/RXON I)/DION: MO/NH| GA\R KAI\ PA/SH| U(PA/RXEI TH=| POIO/THTI. O(/TI DE\ MO/NH| KAI\ PA/SH| U(PA/RXEI, PRO/DHLON E)NTEU=QEN: TRIW=N TOI/NUN OU)SW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN, TAU)TOU= KAI\ E(TE/ROU, I)/SOU KAI\ A)NI/SOU, O(MOI/OU KAI\ A)NOMOI/OU, TO\ ME\N TAU)TO\N KAI\ QA/TERON E)PI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS LE/GETAI, TO\ DE\ I)/SON KAI\ A)/NISON E)PI\ TOU= POSOU=, TO\ DE\ O(/MOION KAI\ A)NO/MOION E)PI\ TOU= POIOU=. MAQO/NTES OU)=N TA\ I)/DIA TH=S POIO/THTOS KAI\ ZHTH/SANTE/S PWS TOU/TOIS TA\ PRE/PONTA, FE/RE LOIPO\N MI/AN A)PORI/AN A)PORH/SANTES, E)/PEITA AU)TH\N TH\N PAROU=SAN QEWRI/AN KATAPAU/-SWMEN KAI\ TO\N PERI\ TH=S POIO/THTOS LO/GON. A)POROU=SI/ TINES LE/GONTES O(/TI PW=S TO\ AU)TO\ PARA/DEIGMA DUNATO\N U(PO\ DU/O KATHGORI/AS A)NA/GESQAI: E)LE/GOMEN GA\R TH\N E)PISTH/MHN PRO\S TO\ E)PISTHTO\N PARABALLOME/NHN U(PO\ TA\ PRO/S TI A)NA/-GESQAI [1H( GA\R E)PISTH/MH E)PISTHTOU= E)STIN]1, E)PISTH/MHN D' E)N U(POKEIME/NW| OU)=SAN, TOU=T' E)/STIN E)N YUXH=| QEWROUME/NHN, U(PO\ TH\N POIO/THTA A)NA/GESQAI. TAU/THS TH=S A)PORI/AS TREI=S E)PILU/SEIS PROFE/ROMEN, LE/GONTES O(/TI PRW=TON ME\N TO\ AU)TO\ PRA=GMA U(PO\ A)MFOTE/RAS TA\S KATHGORI/AS A)NA/GESQAI DUNATO/N, PRO\S A)/LLO ME/NTOI KAI\ A)/LLO A)LL' EI) SKOPH/SWMEN TOI=S LEGOME/NOIS, OU) TO\ AU)TO\ PRA=GMA U(PO\ A)MFOTE/RAS A)NA/GETAI. KAI\ TOU=TO DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: H( E)PISTH/MH DITTH/ E)STIN, H( ME\N KAQO/LOU H( DE\ MERIKH/. KAI\ H( ME\N KAQO/LOU U(PO\ TA\ PRO/S TI A)NA/GETAI, H( DE\ MERIKH\ U(PO\ TH\N POIO/THTA. KAI\ E)/STI MERIKH\ ME\N OI(=ON GRAMMATIKH/, R(HTORIKH/, I)ATRIKH/, GEWMETRI/A. KAQO/LOU DE/ E)STIN E)PISTH/MH H( KOINW=S KATA\ TOU/TWN KATHGOROUME/NH, W(S H( PRW/TH FILOSOFI/A. O(/TI DE\ AI( MERIKAI\ E)PISTH=MAI U(PO\ TH\N POIO/THTA A)NA/GONTAI, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: KATA\ TAU/TAS GA\R POIOI\ LEGO/MEQA, KAI\ OU)K E)/TI KATA\ TH\N KAQO/LOU POIO/THTA. KAI\ DH=LON O(/TI TAU/TAIS E)FARMO/ZEI TO\ TH=S POIO/THTOS EI)=DOS, OU) ME/NTOI GE TH=| KAQO/LOU. TI/ GA/R E)STIN O( TH=S POIO/THTOS O(/ROS; OU)XI\ O( LE/GWN <20KAQ' H(\N POIOI/ TINES LEGO/MEQA EI)=NAI;>20 DH=LON OU)=N O(/TI KATA\ TAU/TAS LEGO/MEQA POIOI/, OU) ME/NTOI GE KATA\ TH\N KAQO/LOU: PA/NTA GA\R A)DU/NATON E(/NA KAI\ TO\N AU)TO\N A)/NQRWPON E)PI/STASQAI. W(/STE DH=LON O(/TI OU) TO\ AU)TO\ PRA=GMA U(PO\ A)MFOTE/RAS TA\S KATHGORI/AS A)NA/-GETAI, A)LLA\ A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO. E)/STI TRI/TH E)PI/LUSIS, O(/TI OU)DE\N A)/TOPON TO\ AU)TO\ PRA=GMA KAI\ U(PO\ TH\N PRO/S TI A)NAFE/RESQAI KAI\ U(PO\ TH\N POIO/THTA: E)LE/-GOMEN GA\R O(/TI TA\ PRO/S TI I)DI/AN U(/LHN OU)K E)/XEI, A)LL' E)N PA/SAIS TAI=S KATH-GORI/AIS EU(RI/SKETAI. O(/PER OU)=N E)/LABEN W(S A)/TOPON H( A)PORI/A, TOU=TO H( E)PI/-LUSIS W(S A)NAGKAI=ON A)PE/DEICE. TRIW=N OU)=N OU)SW=N E)PILU/SEWN, O( FILO/SOFOS *)ARISTOTE/LHS DU/O KAI\ MO/NAS PARE/LABE, TH/N TE DEUTE/RAN KAI\ TH\N TRI/THN, PARALEI/YAS TH\N PRW/THN, OU)X W(S E)KEI/NHN A)GNOH/SAS, A)LL' H(MI=N E)A/SAS TAU/THN PROSUPAKOU/EIN, PRW=TON ME\N I(/NA ZHTHTIKOU\S H(MA=S POIH/SH|, DEU/TERON DE\ I(/NA MH\ W(S E(TEROKINH/TOIS H(MI=N XRHSA/MENOS O)FQEI/H. TOSAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TH=S POIO/-THTOS EI)RH/SQW H(MI=N. META\ DE\ TO\N TAU/THS LO/GON E)PI\ TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN O)FEI/LOMEN E)LQEI=N. 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KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN OU)DE\ PARWNU/MWS LE/GOMEN TA\ A)P' AU)TOU=, DIO/TI MHDE\ AU)TO\ TO\ DEU/TERON EI)=DOS METE/XEI O)NO/MATOS. {1<20*)ENI/OTE DE\ KAI\ O)NO/MATOS KEIME/NOU OU) LE/GETAI PARWNU/MWS TO\ KAT' AU)TH\N LEGO/MENON.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ A)NWTE/RW EI)/RHTAI O(/TI TA\ A)PO\ TOU= DEUTE/ROU EI)/DOUS OU)/K EI)SI PARW/NUMA, DIO/TI MH\ O)NOMA/ZETAI, BOULO/MENOS E)NTAU=QA PARA/DEIGMA LABEI=N TW=N E(TERWNU/MWN, FHSI\N O(/TI POLLA/KIS KAI\ O)NO/MATOS O)/NTOS OU) PARWNU/MWS EI)SI\ PARHGME/NA, A)LL' E(TERWNU/MWS. KAI\ E)/STI PARA/DEIGMA TO\ TOU= E(TERWNU/MOU TO\ LEGO/MENON. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI TO\ O(MW/NUMON O( FILO/SOFOS PARE/LEIYE DIA\ TH\N POLLA/KIS EI)RHME/NHN AI)TI/AN, ZHTHTIKOU\S H(MA=S POIH=SAI BOULO/MENOS. {1<20*OI(=ON A)PO\ TH=S A)RETH=S O( SPOUDAI=OS: TW=| GA\R A)RETH\N E)/XEIN @SPOUDAI=OS LE/GETAI, A)LL' OU) PARWNU/MWS A)PO\ TH=S A)RETH=S.>20}1 @*ZHTOU=MEN E)NTAU=QA TI/NOS XA/RIN OU)K A)PO\ TH=S A)RETH=S PARWNU/MWS LE/GETAI O( SPOUDAI=OS. KAI/ FAMEN H)/DH O(/TI SPOUDAI=ON E)PI\ KALOU= KAI\ MO/NOU LE/GOMEN, H( DE\ SPOUDH\ OU) MO/NON E)PI\ KALOU= A)LLA\ KAI\ E)PI\ KAKOU=. {1<20*(UPA/RXEI DE\ KAI\ E)NANTIO/THS KATA\ TO\ POIO/N, OI(=ON DIKAIO-SU/NH A)DIKI/A| E)NANTI/ON.>20}1 @*ZHTOU=MEN E)NTAU=QA TI/NOS XA/RIN W(S PRW=TON I)/DION A)PODOU\S O( FILO/SOFOS TO\N <20KAI/>20 SU/NDESMON PROSE/QHKEN. A)=RA W(S E(TE/ROU I)DI/OU A)PODEDOME/NOU; TOU=TO GA\R [2O(]2 <20KAI/>20 SU/NDESMOS SHMAI/NEI. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI KURI/WS ME\N I)/DION OU)K A)PO-DE/DWKEN, A)PODE/DWKE DE\ TH\N U(POGRAFH\N I)DI/W| A)NALOGOU=SAN, W(S EI)/RHTAI. {1<20*TRI/GWNON DE\ KAI\ TETRA/GWNON OU) DOKEI= TO\ MA=LLON KAI\ @H(=TTON E)PIDE/XESQAI, OU)DE\ TW=N A)/LLWN SXHMA/TWN OU)DE/N.>20}1 @*(\O BOU/LETAI O( FILO/SOFOS SHMA=NAI DIA\ TOU/TOU TOU= R(HTOU=, TOU=TO/ E)STIN: @1 O(/TI DEI= E)N TOI=S PRA/GMASIN, E)N OI(=S E)STIN H( SU/GKRISIS, KAI\ O(MOI/WS U(PA/RXEIN TAU=TA KAI\ A)NOMOI/WS: EI) ME\N GA\R O(MOI/WS U(PA/RXEI, OU) GI/NETAI SU/GKRISIS KAT' AU)TA/. DIA\ TOU=TO OU)DE/POTE SUGKRI/NOMEN TO\N A)/NQRWPON KAI\ TO\N *(IPPOKRA/THN TW=| A)YU/XW|. EI) DE\ TOU=TO A)NOMOI/WS U(PA/RXEI, PA/LIN OU) GI/NETAI SU/GKRISIS: OU)DE/POTE GA\R TO\N *SWKRA/THN KAI\ *PLA/TWNA KATA\ TO\ A)/NQRWPON EI)=NAI PARA-BA/LLOMEN. TOU=TO/ E)STIN, O(/ FHSIN O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI TRI/GWNON PRO\S TRI/GWNON OU) PARABA/LLETAI, DIO/TI O(/MOIO/N E)STI TO\ SXH=MA E)N A)MFOTE/ROIS. OU)DE\ TOI/NUN TO\ TRI/GWNON PRO\S TETRA/GWNON PARABA/LLETAI W(S KUKLIKA/: E)N OU)DETE/RW| GA/R E)STIN O( KU/KLOS FAINO/MENOS. TO\ GOU=N TETRA/GWNON TOU= TRIGW/NOU MA=LLON TW=| KU/KLW| LE/GOMEN PLHSIA/ZEIN, DIO/TI PLEI/ONAS GWNI/AS E)/XEI TO\ TETRA/GWNON MIMOU/-MENON TA\S TOU= KU/KLOU KURTO/THTAS. {1<20*PERI\ TOU= POIEI=N KAI\ PA/SXEIN.>20}1 {1<20*)EPIDE/XETAI DE\ KAI\ TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN E)NANTIO/THTA.>20}1 @*)EPI\ TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS TRI/A TINA\ KEFA/LAIA POLUPRAGMONH/SWMEN, PRW=TON ME\N TH\N TA/CIN, DEU/TERON DE\ EI) KATHGORI/AI EI)SI\ TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN, KAI\ TRI/TON PRO\S E)PI\ TOU/TOIS ZHTHTE/ON PO/SA TA\ EI)/DH TOU/TWN EI)SI\ KAI\ EI) KATHGORI/AI TUGXA/NOUSIN OU)=SAI. EI)KO/TWS TOI/NUN META\ TH\N POIO/-THTA TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN E)/TACEN O( FILO/SOFOS DIA\ DU/O AI)TI/AS TINA/S: PRW=TON ME\N DIA\ TH\N O(MOIO/THTA TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN: TO\ GA\R AU)TO\ E)LE/GOMEN KAI\ U(PO\ TH\N POIO/THTA A)NA/GESQAI KAI\ U(PO\ TO\ PA/SXEIN, OI(=ON TO\ E)RUQRIA=N: TOU=TO GA\R KAI\ POIO/THS E)STI\ KAI\ PA/QOS. DEU/TERON DE\ E)PEIDH\ PERI\ POIO/THTOS DIELEGO/MEQA, H( DE\ POIO/THS SU\N TH=| OU)SI/A| TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN A)PETE/-LESEN: E)/DEI OU)=N EU)QE/WS META\ TO\ A)POTELOU=N PERI\ TOU= A)POTELOUME/NOU DIA-LEXQH=NAI. KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN META\ TH\N POIO/THTA PRW/THN E)/LAXE TA/CIN. DEU/TERON H)=N TW=N ZHTOUME/NWN, EI) KATHGORI/AI EI)SI/. KAI/ TINES BOU/LONTAI MH\ EI)=NAI TAU/TAS KATHGORI/AS, A)LL' U(PO\ TA\ PRO/S TI A)NA-FE/RESQAI, W(/STE EI)=NAI TA\S PA/SAS KATHGORI/AS E)NNE/A: E)/LEGON GA\R O(/TI TO\ POIOU=N KAI\ PA/SXON POIEI= KAI\ TO\ PA/SXON U(PO\ POIOU=NTOS PA/SXEI: TAU=TA DE\ TW=N PRO/S TI: DH=LON OU)=N O(/TI KALW=S SUNELOGISA/MEQA TO\ E)C A)RXH=S. PRO\S TOU/TOUS FAME\N O(/TI KAI\ KATHGORI/AI EI)SI\ KAI\ U(PO\ TA\ PRO/S TI A)NA/GONTAI. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LH-QE/S, DEI/COMEN OU(/TWS: ZHTHTE/ON TOI/NUN TI/ ME\N I)/DIO/N E)STIN E)N TOI=S PRO/S TI, TI/ DE\ I)/DION E)N TW=| POIEI=N KAI\ PA/SXEIN. KAI\ EI)/ PWS EU(/RWMEN MH\ TA\ AU)TA\ O)/NTA E)N A)MFOTE/ROIS, A)POFH/NAIMEN A)\N MH\ EI)=NAI TAU)TA\ TA\ PRO/S TI KAI\ TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN A)MFO/TERA. TH=S PRO/S TI TOI/NUN POLLA\ ME/N E)STI TA\ PRA/GMATA, MI/A DE\ SXE/SIS H( TAU=TA SUNA/PTOUSA. E)N DE\ TW=| POIEI=N KAI\ PA/SXEIN OU)K A)\N EU(/ROIS TOU=TO, A)LLA\ TO\ E)NANTI/ON: E)NTAU=QA GA\R E(\N ME/N E)STI TO\ PRA=GMA, POLLAI\ DE\ SXE/SEIS KAI\ DIA/FOROI: TO\ GA\R AU)TO\ QEW/RHMA E(\N ME/N E)STI, DIA- @1FO/RWS DE\ LE/GETAI PARA\ TH\N DIA/FORON SXE/SIN: LE/GETAI TOI/NUN W(S PRO\S ME\N TO\N DIDA/SKONTA DIDASKALI/A, W(S PRO\S DE\ TO\N MANQA/NONTA MA/QHSIS. EI) OU)=N E)DEI/CAMEN TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN MH\ MO/NON OU) DUNA/MENA EI)=NAI PRO/S TI, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)NANTI/A U(PA/RXONTA TOI=S PRO/S TI, DH=LON W(S E(/TERO/N E)STI TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN PARA\ TA\ PRO/S TI KAI\ KATHGORI/AI EI)SI/N. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N E)DEI/-CAMEN O(/TI KATHGORI/AI EI)SI/N, AI( DE\ KATHGORI/AI GE/NH, TA\ DE\ GE/NH EI)S EI)/DH DIAIREI=TAI, FE/RE KAI\ TO\ TRI/TON TW=N PROTEQE/NTWN ZHTH/SWMEN, TOU=T' E)/STI TOU/TWN TA\ EI)/DH. TO\ TOI/NUN POIEI=N DITTO/N E)STI: TO\ GA\R POIEI=N H)\ FUSIKW=S POIEI= H)\ KAQ' O(RMH/N. FUSIKW=S ME/N, W(S TO\ PU=R LE/GOMEN KAI/EIN, KAQ' O(RMH\N DE/, W(/S FAMEN TA\ ZW=|A KINEI=SQAI. EI) DE\ KAQ' O(RMH\N DRA=|, H)\ EI)S E(AUTO\ POIEI=, W(S O( KOSMW=N E(AUTO/N, H)\ EI)S E(/TERON, W(S O( DIDA/SKWN. PA/LIN TO\ PA/SXEIN DITTO/N: H)\ TELEIWTIKO/N, W(S TO\ DIDA/SKESQAI, H)\ FQARTIKO/N, W(S TO\ KAI/ESQAI. @*)EPEIDH\ OU)=N KAI\ AI( E(/TERAI KATHGORI/AI GE/NH EI)SI\ GENIKW/TATA, FE/RE KAI\ PERI\ TOU/TWN ZHTH/SWMEN POSAXW=S LE/GONTAI. TO\ TOI/NUN POU= E(CAXW=S LE/GETAI KATA\ TA\S E(\C A)NTIPERISTA/SEIS: H)\ A)/NW H)\ KA/TW H)\ PRO/SW H)\ O)PI/SW H)\ DECIA\ H)\ A)RISTERA/. TO\ DE\ POTE\ TRIXW=S KATA\ TOU\S TREI=S XRO/NOUS: KATA\ TO\N E)NESTW=TA, KATA\ TO\N ME/LLONTA KAI\ KATA\ TO\N PARELHLUQO/TA. PA/LIN TO\ KEI=SQAI TRIXW=S: H)\ GA\R O(/LA TA\ MO/RIA U(/PTIA/ EI)SI KAI\ KALEI=TAI A)NA/KLISIS, H)\ O(/LA O)/RQIA KAI\ KALEI=TAI STA/SIS, H)\ TA\ ME\N O)/RQIA TA\ DE\ U(/PTIA KAI\ KALEI=TAI KAQE/DRA. PA/LIN TO\ E)/XEIN DIXW=S: H)\ GA\R O(/LON PERI\ O(/LON, W(S O(/LON TO\ FA=ROS E)N O(/LW| TW=| SW/MATI, H)\ O(/LON PERI\ ME/ROS, W(S O( DAKTU/LIOS E)N TW=| DAKTU/LW|. O( ME\N OU)=N FILO/SOFOS *)ARISTOTE/LHS TAU=TA PARE/LEIYE ZHTHTIKOU\S H(MA=S A)PO-TELE/SAI BOULO/MENOS. KAI\ KAQO/LOU E)/NQA PARALIMPA/NEI, DIA\ TAU/THN TH\N AI)TI/AN PARALIMPA/NEI, I(/NA MH/, KAQW\S KAI\ A)NWTE/RW EI)/RHTAI, W(S E(TEROKINH/TOIS H(MI=N XRH/SHTAI. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A LA#.]2>20}1 {1<20*)EPIDE/XETAI DE\ KAI\ TO\ POIEI=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXEIN E)NANTIO/THTA.>20}1 @*EU)QU\S E)C A)RXH=S O( FILO/SOFOS DIA\ TOU= <20KAI/>20 SUNDE/SMOU TO\ I)/DION DIE/BALEN: O( GA\R KAI/ SU/NDESMOS MEGI/STH E)STI\ DIABOLH\ TOU= I)DI/OU: TOU=TO GA\R SHMAI/NEI O(/TI OU) MO/NW| TOU/TW| A)LLA\ KAI\ A)/LLOIS TISI\N [2U(PA/RXEI]2. {1<20*(UPE\R ME\N OU)=N TW=N PROTEQE/NTWN GENW=N I(KANA\ TA\ EI)RHME/NA.>20}1 @*)EK TOU/TOU TOU= R(HQE/NTOS H)PATH/QH O( *)ALE/CANDROS KAI/ FHSIN O(/TI PERI\ NOHMA/TWN TO\ SU/NTAGMA TOU=TO DIALAMBA/NEI, E)K TOU= EI)PEI=N TO\N FILO/SOFON <20U(PE\R OU)=N TW=N PROTEQE/NTWN GENW=N,>20 PERI\ DE\ TW=N GENW=N DHLONO/TI OU) TW=N PRO\ TW=N POLLW=N, A)LLA\ TW=N E)NNOHMATIKW=N. E)K TOU= OU)=N E)NNOHMATIKOU= @1 A)PATHQEI\S DIEBEBAIOU=TO O(/TI PERI\ NOHMA/TWN MO/NWN E)NTAU=QA O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS BOU/LETAI DIALEXQH=NAI. {1<20*PERI\ TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN.>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN, POSAXW=S EI)/WQEN A)NTIKEI=SQAI, R(HTE/ON: LE/GETAI GA\R E(/TERON E(TE/RW| A)NTIKEI=SQAI TETRAXW=S: H)\ W(S TA\ PRO/S TI, H)\ W(S TA\ E)NANTI/A, H)\ W(S E(/CIS KAI\ STE/RHSIS, H)\ W(S KATA/-FASIS KAI\ A)PO/FASIS.>20}1 @*PLHRW/SAS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\ DEU/TERON TMH=MA TW=N *KATHGORIW=N, E)PI\ TO\ TRI/TON METABE/BHKEN, E)N W(=| DIALE/GETAI PERI\ TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN. KAI\ A)/CIO/N E)STIN PERI\ TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS TE/TTARA TAU=TA ZHTH=SAI: PRW=TON ME\N PO/SAI GEGO/NASI DO/CAI PERI\ TOU/TOU TOU= TMH/MATOS, DEU/TERON DE\ POSAXW=S LE/GETAI TA\ A)NTIKEI/MENA, TRI/TON TI/S H( TA/CIS TOU/TWN, TE/TARTON POI/A TOU/TWN H( DIAFORA/. FAME\N TOI/NUN O(/TI TREI=S DO/CAI GEGO/NASI PERI\ TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN, TOU=T' E)/STI TOU= PARO/NTOS TMH/MATOS: OI( ME\N GA\R NO/QON EI)=NAI AU)TO\ E)/LEGON, OI( DE\ OU) NO/QON ME\N E)ME/MFONTO DE\ TH\N TA/CIN, OI( DE\ PRO\S TA\S A)MFOTE/RAS DO/CAS DIEMA/XONTO. KAI\ OI( ME\N LE/GONTES AU)TO\ NO/QON TOU/TOIS E)KE/XRHNTO TOI=S LO/GOIS: O(/TI E)NTAU=QA ME\N TH\N AU)TH\N LE/GEI TH\N KI/NHSIN EI)=NAI KAI\ TH\N METABOLH/N, A)LLAXOU= DE\ H)/GOUN E)N TW=| PE/MPTW| TH=S *FUSIKH=S E)PI\ PLE/ON FAI/NETAI A)POFHNA/MENOS EI)=NAI TH\N METABOLH\N TH=S KINH/SEWS: E)KEI= GA/R FHSI TH\N GE/NESIN KAI\ TH\N FQORA\N METABOLH\N ME\N EI)=NAI, OU) ME/NTOI GE KI/NHSIN. PRO\S TOU/TOUS TOI/NUN FAME\N O(/TI OU)X I(KANO\N U(PH=RXEN NOQEU=SAI TO\ TMH=MA: KAI\ GA\R FAI/NETAI KAI\ A)LLAXOU= TOIOU=TO/N TI POIH/SAS, LE/GW DH\ E)N TW=| LO/GW| TW=N PERI\ TW=N PRO/S TI TO\ E)PI-STHTO\N TH=S E)PISTH/MHS, W(/SPER OU)=N KAI\ TO\ AI)SQHTO\N TH=S AI)SQH/SEWS PRO/TERA EI)=NAI FA/SKWN, A)LLAXOU= DE\ MH\ TOU=TO SUGXWRW=N A)LL' A(/MA TH=| FU/SEI LE/GWN TAU=TA EI)=NAI. KAI\ O(/MWS OU) PARA\ TOU=TO A)CIOU=MEN NOQEU/EIN TO\ PRW=TON TMH=MA, A)LLA\ KAI\ SUMFWNOU=NTA E(AUTW=| A)PEDEI/CAMEN TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHN KAI\ TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S DOKOU/SHS DIAFWNI/AS EI)RH/KAMEN. OU(/TW KA)NTAU=QA/ FAMEN W(S OU)K E)/STI TO\ PARO\N TMH=MA NO/QON TOU= FILOSO/FOU, A)LL' E)N A)MFO/TERAIS TAI=S PRAGMA-TEI/AIS W(S OI)KEI=ON SKOPO\N A)PODI/DWSIN E(KA/STW|: E)N ME\N GA\R TAU/TH| A(/TE DH\ PRO\S TH\N TW=N POLLW=N AI)/SQHSIN A)POBLE/PWN KAI\ EI)SAGWGIKO\N DE\ SU/GGRAMMA POIHSA/MENOS TH\N KI/NHSIN TH=| METABOLH=| TH\N AU)TH\N EI)=PEN, E)N DE\ TH=| *FUSIKH=| A(/TE DH\ OU) PRO\S TH\N TW=N POLLW=N AI)/SQHSIN A)POBLE/PWN A)LLA\ KAI\ A)KRIBOLO-GOU/MENOS PERI\ TH\N FU/SIN TW=N PRAGMA/TWN KAI\ E)/TI ME/NTOI GE W(S PRO\S TELEI/OUS TO\N LO/GON POIOU/MENOS E)PI\ PLE/ON FHSI\N EI)=NAI TH\N METABOLH\N TH=S KINH/SEWS. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N I(KANA\ PRO\S TOU\S LE/GONTAS NO/QON EI)=NAI TO\ TMH=MA TO\ PROKEI/MENON. @1 @*OI( DE\ LE/GONTES NO/QON MH\ EI)=NAI AU)TO/, MEMFO/MENOI DE\ TH=| TA/CEI TOU= TMH/MATOS, TOIOU=TON LO/GON PROEXEIRI/SANTO: E)/LEGON TOI/NUN O(/TI *PRO\ TW=N TO/PWN DEI= E)PIGRA/FESQAI TOU=TO, E)PEIDH\ SUMBA/LLETAI PRO\S TH\N DIALEKTIKH\N PRAGMATEI/AN, EI)/ GE DIALEKTIKH=S E)STIN E)/RGON TO\ AU)TO\ A)NASKEUA/ZEIN KAI\ KATASKEUA/ZEIN: TOU=TO DE\ E)N TOI=S *TO/POIS PARADI/DWSIN: TA\ DE\ A)NTIKEI/MENA PRO\S TOU=TO SUMBA/LLETAI: EI)KO/TWS A)\N E)PEGE/GRAPTO [2TO\]2 PROKEI/MENON TMH=MA *PRO\ TW=N TO/PWN, W(S EI)S TH\N TOU/TOU QEWRI/AN SUMBALLO/MENON. H(MEI=S DE/ FAMEN O(/TI MA=LLON PROSEXE/STERON O( FILO/SOFOS EI)=NAI TOU=TO TO\ TMH=MA TAI=S *KATHGORI/AIS DIE/KRINEN DIA\ TE/TTARAS AI)TI/AS: PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI E)N TW=| PERI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS LO/GW| TW=N E)NANTI/WN E)POIHSA/MEQA MNH/MHN, DEU/TERON DE\ O(/TI OU)DE\ E)N MO/NH| TH=| OU)SI/A| A)LLA\ KAI\ E)N PA/SAIS TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS E)MEMNH/MEQA TOU/TWN, FHMI\ DH\ TW=N E)NANTI/WN, EI)/ GE E)DEI/CAMEN O(/TI TW=N KATHGORIW=N AI( ME\N E)/XOUSIN E)NANTI/A, AI( DE\ OU)K E)/XOUSIN ME\N E)PIDE/XONTAI DE/, AI( DE\ KAI\ E)/XOUSI KAI\ E)PIDE/XONTAI. TRI/TON DIO/TI E)N TW=| PERI\ TOU= MIKROU= KAI\ MEGA/LOU LO/GW| E)LE/-GOMEN TAU=TA MH\ EI)=NAI E)NANTI/A A)LLA\ PRO/S TI. A)NAGKAI=ON OU)=N U(PH=RXEN TH\N TW=N PRO/S TI DIAFORA\N MAQEI=N. PW=S DE\ H)=N TOU=TO MAQEI=N, MH\ MAQO/NTAS KAI\ TH\N KOINWNI/AN. EI)KO/TWS OU)=N EU)QE/WS PERI\ TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN DIE/LABEN, A(/TE DH\ DEIKNUME/NHS E)N AU)TOI=S TH=S TE KOINWNI/AS KAI\ TH=S DIAFORA=S TW=N PRO/S TI PRO\S TA\ E)NANTI/A. TETA/RTH AI)TI/A: I)STE/ON O(/TI PRO/KEITAI AU)TW=| E)N TW=| PARO/NTI TMH/MATI ZHTH=SAI TA\ SPORA/DHN E)N TAI=S A)/LLAIS PRAGMATEI/AIS AU)TW=| EI)RHME/NA. E)MNH/SQH GOU=N KAI\ AU)TOU= TOU= A)NTIKEIME/NOU KAI\ TW=N EI)DW=N KAI\ TW=N U(PO-GRAFW=N: TOU= ME\N GA\R PRO/S TI E)MNH/SQH KAI\ E)N AU)TH=| TH=| KATHGORI/A| KAI\ E)N TOI=S PERI\ TOU= MIKROU= KAI\ TOU= MEGA/LOU LO/GOIS, TW=N DE\ E)NANTI/WN E)MNH/SQH E)N DIAFO/ROIS, W(S EI)=PON, KATHGORI/AIS, TH=S DE\ E(/CEWS E)MNH/SQH E)N TH=| POIO/THTI: A)NAGKAI=ON OU)=N DIDA/CAI PERI\ TH=S STERH/SEWS TH=S A)NTIKEIME/NHS TH=| E(/CEI: TW=N GA\R A)NTIKEIME/NWN MI/A E)STI\N E)PISTH/MH. KATAFA/SEWS DE\ KAI\ A)POFA/SEWS E)MNH/SQH E)N TW=| TE/LEI TOU= PRW/TOU TMH/MATOS, E)/NQA E)/LEGEN TA\S A(PLA=S FWNA\S MHDE\ KATA/FASIN MHDE\ A)PO/FASIN SHMAI/NEIN. EI)KO/TWS OU)=N E)PEIDH\ E)PISTA/MEQA TAU=TA, A)KRIBH= MH\ E)/XONTES AU)TW=N TH\N GNW=SIN, E)PEIDH\ MHDE\ E)N GNW/SEI E)SME\N TH=S TE KOINWNI/AS KAI\ TH=S DIAFORA=S AU)TW=N, SULLH/BDHN PROTI/QETAI EI)PEI=N E)N TW=| PARO/NTI TMH/MATI PERI\ TW=N SPORA/DHN AU)TW=| EI)RHME/NWN A)LLAXOU=. KAI\ E)PI\ TOU/TOIS PA=SI SUMPLHROU/SQW H(MI=N TO\ PRW=TON KEFA/LAION. @*DEU/TERON H)=N TW=N ZHTOUME/NWN POSAXW=S LE/GETAI TA\ A)NTIKEI/MENA A)NTI-KEI=SQAI. FAME\N TOI/NUN O(/TI TETRAXW=S: TA\ GA\R A)NTIKEI/MENA A)NTI/KEITAI H)\ W(S TA\ PRO/S TI H)\ W(S TA\ E)NANTI/A H)\ W(S E(/CIS KAI\ STE/RHSIS H)\ W(S KATA/FASIS KAI\ A)PO/FASIS. W(S PRO/S TI ME/N, W(S TO\ DIPLA/SION H(MI/SEO/S E)STI DIPLA/SION, W(S TA\ E)NANTI/A DE/, W(S TO\ LEUKO\N TW=| ME/LANI, W(S DE\ E(/CIS KAI\ STE/RHSIS, W(S O)/YIS TUFLO/THTI, W(S DE\ KATA/FASIS KAI\ A)PO/FASIS, W(S A)/NQRWPOS BADI/ZEI_A)/N- @1QRWPOS OU) BADI/ZEI. O(/TI DE\ TETRAXW=S TA\ A)NTIKEI/MENA A)NTI/KEITAI KAI\ OU)/TE KATA\ PLEI/ONA A)RIQMO\N OU)/TE KATA\ MEI/ONA, MA/QOIS E)NTEU=QEN DIA/ TINWN DIAIRE/SEWN DU/O, W(=N H( PRW/TH TOIAU/THN E)/XEI TH\N A)GWGH/N: TA\ O)/NTA H)\ SW/ZEI A)/LLHLA H)\ A)NAIREI=, H)\ OU)DE\ SW/ZEI OU)DE\ A)NAIREI=. KAI\ EI) ME\N MHDE/TERON, POIEI= TA\ E(/TERA. EI) DE\ SW/ZEI A)/LLHLA, POIEI= TA\ PRO/S TI. EI) DE\ OU) SW/ZEI, H)\ META-BA/LLEI EI)S A)/LLHLA H)\ OU) METABA/LLEI. EI) ME\N OU)=N MH\ METABA/LLH|, POIEI= TH\N KATA/FASIN KAI\ TH\N A)PO/FASIN. EI) DE\ METABA/LLEI, H)\ O(/LA KAQO/LOU METABA/LLEI KAI\ POIEI= TA\ E)NANTI/A, H)\ OU) KAQO/LOU E(AUTA\ METABA/LLEI, A)LLA\ TO\ ME\N E(/TERON METABA/LLEI TO\ DE\ E(/TERON OU) METABA/LLEI, KAI\ POIEI= E(/CIN KAI\ STE/RHSIN: H( GA\R E(/CIS METABA/LLEI ME\N EI)S STE/RHSIN, H( DE\ STE/RHSIS OU) METABA/LLEI EI)S E(/CIN. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ A)/LLH| DIAIRE/SEI U(POBALEI=N TO\N LO/GON, LE/GONTES OU(/TWS: TA\ A)NTIKEI/MENA H)\ LO/GOI EI)SI\N H)\ PRA/GMATA. KAI\ EI) ME\N LO/GOI, POIOU=SIN TH\N KATA/FASIN KAI\ TH\N A)PO/FASIN. EI) DE\ PRA/GMATA, H)\ SW/ZOUSIN A)/LLHLA H)\ OU) SW/ZOUSIN. EI) ME\N OU)=N SW/ZOUSIN, POIOU=SI TA\ PRO/S TI. EI) DE\ OU) SW/ZOUSIN, H)\ METABA/LLOUSIN EI)S A)/LLHLA H)\ OU) METABA/LLOUSIN. EI) ME\N OU)=N METABA/LLOUSIN, POIOU=SI TA\ E)NANTI/A, EI) DE\ OU) METABA/LLOUSIN, POIOU=SIN E(/CIN KAI\ STE/RHSIN, DHLONO/TI TOU= E(TE/ROU METABA/LLONTOS EI)S TO\ E(/TERON, H)/GOUN TH=S E(/CEWS, TOU= DE\ E(TE/ROU MH\ METABA/LLONTOS EI)S TO\ E(/TERON, OI(=ON TH=S STERH/SEWS, W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ O)/YEWS KAI\ TUFLO/THTOS: O)/YIS ME\N GA\R METABA/LLEI EI)S TUFLO/THTA, TUFLO/THS DE\ OU)DE/POTE METABA/LLEI EI)S O)/YIN. @*TRI/TON H)=N TW=N ZHTOUME/NWN TI/S H( TA/CIS TOU/TWN TW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN. FAME\N TOI/NUN O(/TI TA\ PRO/S TI TW=N LOIPW=N TRIW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN EI)KO/TWS PROTE/TAKTAI, E)PEIDH\ A(/MA TH=| FU/SEI E)STI\ KAI\ SWSTIKA\ A)LLH/LWN TUGXA/NOUSIN. OU)DEMI/A DE\ TW=N LOIPW=N TRIW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN TOU=TO KEKLH/RWTAI. META\ DE\ TA\ PRO/S TI TA\ E)NANTI/A TE/TAKTAI, DIO/TI TAU=TA MET' A)/LLHLA/ E)STIN, W(/S FHSIN O( QEI=OS *PLA/TWN: META\ GA\R TO\ LEUKO\N TO\ ME/LAN KAI\ META\ TH\N A)POUSI/AN TOU= ME/LANOS H( TOU= LEUKOU= PAROUSI/A PROSGI/NETAI. SUGKEKLH/RWTAI DE\ TW=| TOIOU/TW| TA\ W(S E(/CIS KAI\ STE/RHSIS A)NTIKEI/MENA. KAI\ A)/LLWS: TA\ E)NANTI/A KIRNA=TAI PRO\S TO\ A)PO-TELE/SAI E(/TERO/N TI, W(/SPER TO\ LEUKO\N KAI\ TO\ ME/LAN PRO\S GE/NNHSIN FAIOU=, H( DE\ E(/CIS KAI\ STE/RHSIS OU)DE/POTE KIRNA=TAI MET' A)LLH/LWN PRO\S E(TE/ROU TINO\S GE/NNHSIN. H( DE\ KATA/FASIS KAI\ A)PO/FASIS TELEUTAI/AN E)/LAXEN TA/CIN W(S KAQO/LOU: AU(/TH GA\R DIA\ PA/NTWN TW=N O)/NTWN KAI\ MH\ O)/NTWN DIH/KEI, W(/SPER TW=N A)/LLWN KOLOFW\N TUGXA/NOUSA, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO TOIAU/THN TA/CIN A)PEI/LHFEN. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ E(TE/RWS EI)PEI=N TOU/TWN TH\N TA/CIN: TA\ PRO/S TI PROHGEI=TAI, E)PEIDH\ MH\ MA/XETAI: TA\ DE\ MH\ MAXO/MENA TW=N MAXOME/NWN PROHGEI=TAI, KAI\ TA\ H(=TTON MAXO/MENA TW=N MA=LLON MAXOME/NWN. H(=TTON DE\ MA/XETAI TA\ E)NANTI/A, E)PEIDH\ MH/TE E)PI\ PA/NTWN TW=N O)/NTWN E)PEKTEI/NETAI H( MA/XH AU)TW=N, A)LLA\ KAI\ KIRNA=TAI EI)S A)/LLHLA PRO\S GE/NNHSIN E(TE/ROU TINO/S. MA=LLON DE\ MA/XETAI E(/CIS KAI\ STE/RHSIS, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO TELEUTAI/A, W(S E)NANTI/AN O(DO\N O(DEU/OUSA TOI=S E)NANTI/OIS W(S MA=LLON MAXOME/NH KAI\ MH\ KIRNWME/NH PRO\S GE/NNHSIN E(TE/ROU. TH=S DE\ KATAFA/SEWS KAI\ A)POFA/SEWS PROHGOU=NTAI TA\ EI)RHME/NA, E)PEIDH\ H(=TTON @1 MA/XONTAI TAU=TA E)KEI/NHS, EI)/ GE H( KATA/FASIS KAI\ H( A)PO/FASIS E)PI\ PA/NTWN TW=N O)/NTWN KAI\ MH\ O)/NTWN E)PEKTEI/NEI TH\N MA/XHN. @*TE/TARTON H)=N TW=N ZHTOUME/NWN [2H(]2 TOU/TWN DIAFORA/. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI DIAFE/ROUSIN A)LLH/LWN. PRW=TON ME\N OU)=N TA\ PRO/S TI DIAFE/ROUSI TW=N TRIW=N, O(/TI TAU=TA A(/PER E)STI\N PRO\S TO\ A)NTIKEI/MENON LE/GETAI, OI(=ON TO\ DIPLA/SION PRO\S TO\ H(/MISU OU)K A)/LLO TI LE/GETAI A)LLA\ AU)TO\ O(/PER E)STI/, TOU=T' E)/STI DIPLA/SION. TA\ DE\ E)NANTI/A AU)TO\ O(/PER E)STI\N OU) LE/GETAI EI)=NAI E(TE/ROU: OU)DE\ GA\R TO\ LEUKO\N ME/LANOS LE/GETAI EI)=NAI LEUKO\N A)LL' E)NANTI/ON. O(MOI/WS DE\ OU)DE\ E)PI\ TH=S E(/CEWS KAI\ TH=S STERH/SEWS AU)TO\ O(/PER E)STI\N E(TE/ROU LE/GETAI EI)=NAI: OU)DE\ GA\R H( O)/YIS TUFLO/THTOS LE/GETAI EI)=NAI O)/YIS. KAI\ MH/ TIS H(MA=S A)PATH/SH| LE/GWN O(/TI H( TUFLO/THS LE/GETAI O)/YEWS EI)=NAI TUFLO/THS, E)PEIDH\ EI) SUMBH/SETAI A)NTISTRE/FEIN, EU(REQH/SETAI H( O)/YIS TUFLO/THTOS O)/YIS, O(/PER E)STI\N A)DU/NATON: KATA\ GA\R TOU\S FUSIKOU\S LO/GOUS A)DU/NATO/N E)STIN A)PO\ STERH/SEWS E(/CIN EI)=NAI. O(/TI DE\ OU) LE/GETAI OU(/TWS, DEI/COMEN E)NTEU=QEN: TW=N PRO/S TI DU/O TINA\ E)XO/NTWN, U(POGRAFH\N LE/GW KAI\ I)/DION, U(POGRAFH\N ME\N TH\N LE/GOUSAN AU)TA\ A(/PER E)STI\ TA\ PRO/S TI E(TE/RWN LE/GESQAI, I)/DION DE\ TO\ PRO\S A)NTISTRE/FONTA LE/GESQAI, EI)/ POU SUMBH=| H(MA=S TH\N O)/YIN KAI\ TH\N TUFLO/THTA LE/GEIN A)NTISTRE/FEIN, QA/TERON PA/NTWS TW=N DU/O, TH=S U(POGRAFH=S FHMI KAI\ TOU= I)DI/OU, KAKWQH/SETAI. KAI\ I(/NA PARASTH/SWMEN TO\ LEGO/MENON, U(POQW/MEQA TH\N TUFLO/THTA O)/YEWS EI)=NAI TUFLO/THTA. A)LL' E)PEI\ MH\ A)NTISTRE/FEI [1OU) GA\R LE/GETAI H( O)/YIS TUFLO/THTOS O)/YIS]1, KAKWQH/-SETAI E)C A)NA/GKHS TO\ I)/DION TW=N PRO/S TI TO\ LE/GON PRO\S A)NTISTRE/FONTA LE/GESQAI AU)TA/. KAI\ PA/LIN EI)/ POU U(POQW/MEQA TH\N ME/N, W(S EI)/RHTAI, O)/YIN TUFLO/THTOS O)/YIN EI)=NAI, E)PEIDH\ OU) LE/GOMEN TH\N TUFLO/THTA O)/YEWS EI)=NAI TUFLO/THTA, A)LLA\ STE/RHSIN O)/YEWS, DH=LON O(/TI E)NTEU=QEN FROU=DOS H( U(POGRAFH/: OU)DE\ GA\R A(RMO/TTEI AU)TO\ O(/PER E)STI\N H( TUFLO/THS LE/GESQAI O)/YEWS EI)=NAI TUFLO/THS, A)LLA\ STE/RHSIS O)/YEWS. O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ KATAFA/SEWS KAI\ A)POFA/SEW/S FAMEN O(/TI TAUTI\ KAI\ TAU=TA TW=N PRO/S TI DIAFE/ROUSIN. KAI\ O( ME\N *)ARISTOTE/LHS TAU/TAS POIEI=TAI TA\S DIAKRI/SEIS TOU/TWN. H(MEI=S DE\ KAI\ E(/TERA PROSTI/QEMEN: O(/TI DIENH/NOXE TA\ E)NANTI/A TH=S E(/CEWS KAI\ TH=S STERH/SEWS, O(/TI E)PI\ ME\N TW=N E)NANTI/WN DU/O EI)SI\ TA\ PRA/GMATA TOU/TWN [1E)/STIN GA/R, EI) TU/XOI, LEUKO\N KAI\ ME/LAN]1, E)PI\ DE\ TH=S E(/CEWS KAI\ TH=S STERH/SEWS OU)K E)/TI DU/O EI)SI/N, A)LL' E(\N KAI\ MO/NON: H( GA\R O)/YIS PAROU=SA KAI\ A)POU=SA TH\N E(/CIN KAI\ TH\N STE/RHSIN E)RGA/-ZETAI. W(/SPER H(ME/RA KAI\ NU\C OU)/K EI)SI DIA/FOROI FU/SEIS U(PO\ DIAFO/RWN AI)TIW=N GIGNO/MENAI, A)LL' E(/N E)STIN PRA=GMA AI)/TION TH=S A)MFOTE/RWN U(PA/RCEWS H( TOU= H(LI/OU PAROUSI/A KAI\ A)POUSI/A: OU(/TWS KAI\ TO\ AU)TO\ NO/EI MOI E)PI\ TW=N PRO-KEIME/NWN H(MI=N EI)S E)CE/TASIN. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS. @1 {1<20[2*QEWRI/A LB#.]2>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN POSAXW=S EI)/WQEN A)NTITI/QESQAI R(HTE/ON.>20}1 @*OU) MO/NON E)K TW=N EI)RHME/NWN DUNATO\N E)LE/GXEIN TOU\S NO/QON BOULO-ME/NOUS EI)=NAI TOU=TO TO\ TMH=MA, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)C AU)TH=S TH=S TOU= FILOSO/FOU FWNH=S: O( GA\R <20DE/>20 SU/NDESMOS DEI/KNUSIN H(MI=N W(S H)/RTHTAI [2TOI=S]2 PROTE/ROIS O( PERI\ TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN LO/GOS: OU(=TOS GA\R A)EI\ SU/NDESMO/S E)STIN E)N PA=SI LEGO/MENOS. {1<20*(WS DE\ KATA/FASIS KAI\ A)PO/FASIS, OI(=ON KA/QHTAI_OU) KA/QHTAI.>20}1 @*ZHTHTE/ON E)NTAU=QA PW=S KATA/FASIN KAI\ A)PO/FASIN E)KA/LESEN TA\ KA/QHTAI KAI\ OU) KA/QHTAI, KAI/TOI GE A(PLAI= FWNAI/ EI)SIN AU(=TAI, AU)TO\S DE/ E)STIN O( LE/GWN O(/TI AU)TAI\ KAQ' E(AUTA\S OU)DE/POTE OU)/TE KATA/FASIN OU)/TE A)PO/FASIN SHMAI/NOUSIN, E)PEIDH\ MH/TE A)LH/QEIAN MH/TE YEU=DOS: PW=S E)NTAU=QA W(/SPER E)PILELHSME/NOS TOU= I)DI/OU LO/GOU TAU=TA/ FHSIN; PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI TH=S KATAFA/SEWS KAI\ TH=S A)POFA/SEWS DU/O TINA\ E)XOU/SHS, U(POKEI/MENON KAI\ KATHGOROU/MENON, TO\ ME\N U(POKEI/MENON KOINO/N E)STI TOU/TWN, TO\ DE\ KATHGOROU/MENON DIA/FORON: O( GA\R *SWKRA/THS U(PO/KEITAI E)N A)MFOTE/ROIS, TO\ DE\ KA/QHTAI H)\ OU) KA/QHTAI OU)K E)/STI KOINO/N, A)LLA\ TO\ ME/N E)STIN TH=S KATAFA/SEWS TO\ DE\ TH=S A)POFA/SEWS I)/DION. W(S OU)=N SU/NTOMOS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\ ME\N KOINO\N U(POKEI/MENON PARALE/LOIPEN, TO\ DE\ DIA/FORON KATHGOROU/MENON E)NE/QHKEN. {1<20*(/OSA ME\N OU)=N W(S TA\ PRO/S TI A)NTI/KEITAI, AU)TA\ A(/PER E)STI\N @TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN LE/GETAI, H)\ O(PWSOU=N A)/LLWS PRO\S AU)TA/.>20}1 @<20*)\H O(PWSOU=N>20 PROSE/QHKEN O( FILO/SOFOS, E)PEIDH\ OU) MO/NON PTW/SEWS DE/ETAI TA\ PRO/S TI OU)DE\ A)RIQMOU= A)LLA\ KAI\ PROQE/SEWS, W(/SPER LE/GOMEN O( A)/RXWN A)RXOME/NOU A)/RXWN. {1<20*(/OSA DE\ TW=N E)NANTI/WN TOIAU=TA/ E)STIN, W(/STE E)N OI(=S PE/FUKE GI/GNESQAI H)\ W(=N KATHGOREI=TAI A)NAGKAI=ON QA/TERON AU)TW=N U(PA/RXEIN.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA DIAI/RESIN TW=N E)NANTI/WN PARADI/DWSIN O( FILO/SOFOS SPORA/DHN, H(\N H(MEI=S SULLE/CANTES EI)/PWMEN OU(/TWS: TA\ E)NANTI/A H)\ A)/MESA/ E)STIN H)\ E)/MMESA: A)/MESA ME\N W(S TO\ A)/RTION KAI\ TO\ PERITTO/N, E)/MMESA DE\ O)/NTA H)\ POLU/MESA/ E)STIN H)\ MONO/MESA: POLU/MESA ME\N W(S TO\ LEUKO\N KAI\ TO\ ME/LAN: ME/SON GA/R @1 E)STI TOU/TWN TO/ TE FAIO\N KAI\ TO\ W)XRO\N KAI\ TO\ PURRO\N KAI\ TO\ CANQO\N KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. MONO/MESA DE\ O)/NTA, H)\ DI' O)NO/MATOS DHLOU=TAI TOU/TWN TO\ ME/SON H)\ A)KATONO/MASTO/N E)STI. KAI\ DI' O)NO/MATOS ME\N DHLOU=TAI TO\ ME/SON QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU=, OI(=ON TO\ XLIARO/N, A)KATONO/MASTON DE\ W(S TO\ METACU\ FAU/LOU KAI\ SPOUDAI/OU, A(/TINA TH=| A)NAIRE/SEI TW=N A)/KRWN DHLOU=TAI: EI) GA\R BOULHQEI/HMEN DHLW=SAI TO\ METACU\ FAU/LOU KAI\ SPOUDAI/OU, OU)K A)\N DUNHQEI/HMEN DI' O)NO/MATOS TOU=TO DHLW=SAI, A)LLA\ TH=| A)POFA/SEI TW=N A)/KRWN TO\ TOIOU=TON DHLOU=MEN KAI/ FAMEN TO\ TOIOU=TON MH/TE FAU=LON EI)=NAI MH/TE SPOUDAI=ON. {1<20*(/WSTE E)N OI(=S PE/FUKE GI/GNESQAI H)\ W(=N KATHGOREI=TAI.>20}1 @*TW=N E)NANTI/WN TA\ ME/N E)STIN OU)SIW/DH TA\ DE\ E)PEISODIW/DH. TA\ TOI/NUN OU)SIW/DH E)NTAU=QA/ FHSIN O( FILO/SOFOS KATHGOREI=SQAI, TA\ DE\ E)PEISODIW/DH E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI. {1<20*OI(=ON NO/SOS KAI\ U(GEI/A E)N SW/MATI ZW/|OU PE/FUKE GI/GNESQAI.>20}1 @*)ISTE/ON O(/TI OI( I)ATROI\ NO/SON KAI\ U(GEI/AN E)/MMESA NOMI/ZOUSIN EI)=NAI KAI\ LE/GOUSI TO\ TOU/TWN ME/SON OU)DE/TERON, OI( DE\ FILO/SOFOI A)/MESA TAU=TA LE/GOUSIN. OU)DE/TEROS DE\ TOU/TWN A(MARTA/NEI TH=S A)LHQEI/AS: OI( ME\N GA\R I)ATROI\ PRO\S TH\N AI)/SQHSIN KRI/NONTES TOU=TO LE/GOUSIN, OI( DE\ FILO/SOFOI PRO\S TH\N FU/SIN A)FO-RW=NTES TOIOU=TON LE/GOUSIN: FASI\ GA\R O(/TI TO\ SW=MA H)\ KATA\ FU/SIN E)/XEI KAI\ LE/GETAI U(GIAI/NEIN, H)\ PARA\ FU/SIN KAI\ LE/GETAI NOSEI=N, KAI\ A)NAGKAI=ON QA/TERON U(PA/RXEIN E)N TW=| TOU= ZW/|OU SW/MATI, H)\ NO/SON H)\ U(GEI/AN. {1<20*KAI\ PERITTO\N DE\ KAI\ A)/RTION A)RIQMOU= KATHGOREI=TAI, KAI\ A)NAGKAI=ON QA/TERON TW=| A)RIQMW=| U(PA/RXEIN, H)\ PERITTO\N H)\ A)/RTION.>20}1 @*(O ME\N *PLA/TWN OI)/ETAI E)/MMESA EI)=NAI, OI( DE\ LOIPOI\ PA/NTES A)/MESA. KAI\ OI( ME\N A)/MESA TAU=TA NOMI/ZONTES A)/RTION ME\N E)/LEGON TO\ DUNA/MENON EI)S DU/O DIAIREQH=NAI I)/SA TH=S MONA/DOS A)TMH/TOU MENOU/SHS, OI(=ON TO\ TE/TTARA. PROSE/-QHKAN DE\ "3TH=S MONA/DOS A)TMH/TOU MENOU/SHS"3, E)PEIDH\ DUNATO\N KAI\ TO\N PE/NTE A)RIQMO\N EI)S DU/O I)/SA DIAIREQH=NAI TH=S MONA/DOS DIAIROUME/NHS. PERITTO\N DE\ KALOU=SIN E)KEI=NON TO\N A)RIQMO\N OI( I)DIW=TAI TO\N KALOU/MENON A)/ZUGON, OI(=ON TO\N PE/NTE, DIAIROU/MENON EI)S DU/O KAI\ PERITTEU/ONTA TW=| E(NI\ ME/REI, TH=| MONA/DI, TAU/THS A)DIAIRE/TOU MENOU/SHS. OI( ME\N LE/GONTES OU(/TWS TO\ A)/RTION KAI\ TO\ PERITTO\N TAU/TH| TH=| DO/CH| KRATUNO/MENOI E)/LEGON MHDE\N EI)=NAI ME/SON A)RTI/OU KAI\ PERITTOU=. O( DE\ *PLA/TWN PERITTO\N ME\N E)/LEGEN, O(\N KAI\ OI( PRW=TOI E)KA/LOUN, A)/RTION DE\ OU) TO\N AU)TO/N, A)LLA\ A)/RTION E)/LEGEN TO\N DUNA/MENON DIAIREQH=NAI KAI\ @1 ME/XRI MONA/DOS, OI(=ON TO\N E(CH/KONTA TE/TTARA: OU(=TOS GA\R DIAIREI=TAI EI)S TRIA/-KONTA DU/O KAI\ EI)S E(KKAI/DEKA KAI\ EI)S O)KTW\ KAI\ EI)S TE/TTARA KAI\ EI)S DU/O. ME/SOUS DE\ A)RIQMOU\S E)/LEGEN TOU\S DIAIROUME/NOUS ME\N EI)S DU/O I)/SA, MH\ ME/NTOI ME/XRI MONA/DOS DIAIROUME/NOUS, OI(=ON TO\N DE/KA. A)LLA\ TOU/TWN TOU\S ME\N LE/GEI R(E/PEIN [2PRO\S]2 TO\ A)/RTION, TOU\S DE\ PRO\S TO\ PERITTO/N. KAI\ OI( ME\N AU)TW=N MI/AN MO/NHN DIAI/RESIN E)PIDE/XONTAI KAI\ LE/GONTAI R(E/PEIN PRO\S TO\ PERITTO/N, OI( DE\ POLLA\S DIAIRE/SEIS E)PIDE/XONTAI KAI\ LE/GONTAI R(E/PEIN PRO\S TO\ A)/RTION, OI(=ON O( DW/DEKA. {1<20*STE/RHSIS DE\ KAI\ E(/CIS LE/GETAI ME\N PERI\ TAU)TO/N TI, OI(=ON H( O)/YIS KAI\ H( TUFLO/THS PERI\ O)FQALMO/N.>20}1 @*(/INA TH\N PAROU=SAN R(H=SIN NOH/SWMEN, BRAXE/WS PERI\ TH=S STERH/SEWS DIA-LEXQW=MEN. STE/RHSIS TOI/NUN E)STI\N A)POUSI/A EI)/DOUS, OU)K E)N TOI=S MH\ OU)=SIN EU(RISKOME/NH A)LL' E)N TOI=S OU)=SIN: TO\ GA\R MH\ O)\N PW=S A)\N LE/GOIMEN MH\ EI)=NAI; TUFLO\N DH\ A)/RA TO\ DEKTIKO\N TH=S TUFLO/THTOS EI)=NAI. A)LLA\ DEI= KAI\ PEFUKE/NAI TH\N E(/CIN EI)S TO\ DE/XESQAI: AU)TI/KA GOU=N TO\N LI/QON EI) KAI\ E)/STIN OU)/ FAMEN TUFLO/N, DIO/TI FU/SIN OU)K E)/XEI TOU= DE/CASQAI TH\N TUFLO/THTA. A)LLA\ MH\N DEI= SUNELQEI=N KAI\ TH\N E)PITHDEIO/THTA TOU= MORI/OU: TO\N GA\R A)/NQRWPON KAI\ O)/NTA KAI\ PEFUKO/TA DE/XESQAI OU) LE/GOMEN KATA\ TH\N XEI=RA TUFLO/N, DIA\ TH\N A)NEPI-THDEIO/THTA TOU= MORI/OU DHLONO/TI. OU)K A)RKEI= DE\ TAU=TA KAI\ MO/NON, A)LLA\ DEI= SUNELQEI=N TOU/TOIS KAI\ TO\N XRO/NON: TO\ GA\R A)RTIGENE\S SKULA/KION, KAI/TOI O)\N KAI\ PEFUKO\S DE/CASQAI KAI\ E)PITHDEIO/THTA E)/XON MORI/OU, OU)/ FAMEN TUFLO\N DIA\ TO\ MH/PW EI)=NAI TO\N XRO/NON, KAQ' O(\N DEI= TOU=TO O(RA=N. W(/STE E)K TW=N TETTA/RWN TOU/TWN A)NAFAI/NETAI H(MI=N O( O(RISMO\S TH=S STERH/SEWS O( LE/GWN O(/TI STE/RHSI/S E)STIN A)POUSI/A EI)/DOUS E)N TW=| PEFUKO/TI DE/XESQAI, E)N W(=| PE/FUKEN U(PA/RXEIN, O(/TE PE/FUKEN E)/XEIN. KAI\ DIA\ TOU= ME\N EI)PEI=N "3E)N TW=| PEFUKO/TI"3 E)SH/MANEN DU/O TINA/, TO/ TE PEFUKE/NAI KAI\ TO\ EI)=NAI: OU)DE\ GA\R TO\ MH\ O)\N PEFUKE/NAI DU/NATAI LE/GESQAI. KAI\ TE/WS E)/XOMEN DU/O I)/DIA TH=S STERH/SEWS. DIA\ DE\ TOU= EI)PEI=N "3E)N W(=| PE/FUKEN"3 E)SH/MANEN TH\N E)PITHDEIO/THTA TOU= MORI/OU, DIA\ DE\ TOU= "3O(/TE PE/FUKEN"3 TO\N XRO/NON E)N W(=| DEI= O(RA=N. TAU=TA PERI\ TH=S PRO-KEIME/NHS LE/CEWS I(KANA/. {1<20*(WS GA/R POTE H( KATA/FASIS PRO\S TH\N A)PO/FASIN A)NTI/KEITAI, OI(=ON TO\ KA/QHTAI_OU) KA/QHTAI,>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*ZHTHTE/ON E)NTAU=QA DIA\ TI/ TO\ ME\N KA/QHTAI KAI\ OU) KA/QHTAI, R(H=MA U(PA/RXON O(RISTIKO/N, E)NTAU=QA A)PO/FASIN KAI\ KATA/FASIN E)KA/LESEN, TO\ DE\ KAQH=SQAI H)\ MH\ KAQH=SQAI, PRA/GMATA O)/NTA, U(PO\ TH\N KATA/FASIN KAI\ A)PO/FASIN A)NA/GESQAI/ FHSI. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI EI)KO/TWS: TW=| GA\R U(POKEIME/NW| TA\ PRA/GMATA A(RMO/ZEI, @1 OU)XI\ OI( LO/GOI: OI(=ON E)A\N EI)/PW "3*SWKRA/THS KA/QHTAI"3, E)RWTW/MENOS DE\ U(PO/ TINOS TI/ EI)/PW, [2OU)]2 "3*SWKRA/TEI U(PA/RXEI TO\ KA/QHTAI"3 A)POKRINOU=MAI [1TOU=TO GA\R A)/TAKTO/N E)STI TO\ LE/GEIN "3U(PA/RXEI TW=| *SWKRA/TEI TO\ KA/QHTAI"3]1, A)LLA/ FHMI "3TO\ KAQH=SQAI"3. OU(/TWS A)/RA TW=| U(POKEIME/NW| TA\ PRA/GMATA A(RMO/ZEI. DIKAI/WS OU)=N TAU=TA PRA/GMATA E)KA/LESEN O( FILO/SOFOS. {1<20*(/OTI DE\ OU)D' W(S TA\ E)NANTI/A A)NTI/KEITAI TA\ KATA\ STE/RHSIN KAI\ E(/CIN LEGO/MENA, E)K TW=NDE DH=LON.>20}1 @*DIAKRI/NAS TA\ PRO/S TI E)K TW=N LOIPW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN O( FILO/SOFOS BOU/-LETAI KAI\ TH\N E(/CIN KAI\ TH\N STE/RHSIN TW=N LOIPW=N TRIW=N DIAKRI=NAI. DIAKRI/NEI DE\ TAU=TA TRISI\ DIAFORAI=S: MIA=| ME\N TH=| LEGOU/SH| O(/TI TA)NANTI/A EI)S A)/LLHLA METABA/LLEI, H( DE\ E(/CIS KAI\ STE/RHSIS OU)DE/POTE EI)S A)/LLHLA METABA/LLEI, W(S A)NWTE/RW EI)/RHTAI. TA\ E)NANTI/A A)/RA E)/RGA E)STI\N PARA\ TH\N E(/CIN KAI\ TH\N STE/-RHSIN. KAI\ E)/STIN AU(/TH PRW/TH DIAFORA/. DEUTE/RA DIAFORA/: TA\ E)NANTI/A A)/MFW EI)SI\ KATA\ FU/SIN, E(/CIS DE\ KAI\ STE/RHSIS OU)/K EI)SIN A)/MFW KATA\ FU/SIN. TA\ E)NANTI/A A)/RA OU)/K EI)SIN E(/CIS KAI\ STE/RHSIS. SULLELO/GISTAI DE\ H(MI=N KALW=S H( MEI/ZWN PRO/TASIS: KAI\ GA\R OU)/K EI)SIN A)/MFW KATA\ FU/SIN E(/CIS KAI\ STE/RHSIS, A)LL' H( ME\N E(/CIS KATA\ FU/SIN, H( DE\ STE/RHSIS OU) KATA\ FU/SIN. TRI/TH DIAFORA/: TA\ E)NANTI/A H)\ A)/MESA/ E)STIN H)\ E)/MMESA. KAI\ EI) ME\N A)/MESA EI)/H, A)NA/GKH TOU/TWN TO\ E(/TERON E)C A)NA/GKHS U(PA/RXEIN TW=| U(POKEIME/NW|, OI(=ON H)\ TO/DE H)\ TO/DE, W(S E)PI\ U(GEI/AS KAI\ NO/SOU. EI) DE\ E)/MMESA EI)/H, TOIAU=TA/ E)STIN W(S MHDE/POTE E)C A)NA/GKHS U(PA/RXEIN TW=| U(POKEIME/NW|, OI(=ON TO\ LEUKO\N H)\ TO\ ME/LAN. KAI\ EI)/ TI E)C A)NA/GKHS U(PA/RXEI TW=| U(POKEIME/NW|, OU)X O(PO/TERON E)/TUXEN, W(S E)PI\ U(GEI/AS KAI\ NO/SOU, A)LLA\ PA/NTWS E(/N TI W(RISME/NON, W(S TW=| PURI\ TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TW=| U(/DATI TO\ YUXRO/N. TOU/TWN OU)=N PA/NTWN DIAFE/REI E(/CIS KAI\ STE/RHSIS. TW=N ME\N A)ME/SWN E)NANTI/WN DIAFE/REI, O(/TI OU)K E)C A)NA/GKHS U(PA/RXEI TW=| U(POKEIME/NW| TO\ E(/TERON, W(S E)PI\ U(GEI/AS KAI\ NO/SOU: POLLA/KIS GA\R OU) PE/FUKE DE/XESQAI TO\ U(POKEI/MENON KAI\ OU)DE/TERON TOU/TWN E)C A)NA/GKHS EI)=NAI. PA/LIN DE\ OU)DE\ TOIAU=TA/ E)STIN, W(S MHDE/POTE E)C A)NA/GKHS U(PA/RXEI TW=| U(POKEIME/NW|, O(/TE PE/FUKE DE/XESQAI TO\ U(POKEI/MENON KAI\ XRO/NON E)/XEI E)PITH/DEION, W(/STE A)NA/GKH E(/TERON AU)TW=N U(PA/RXEIN TW=| U(POKEIME/NW|. A)LL' OU)DE\ PA/LIN EI) E)C A)NA/GKHS U(PA/RXEI TW=| U(POKEIME/NW| E(/N TI, W(RISME/NWS AU)TW=| U(PA/RXEI, W(S EI)/RHTAI E)N TW=| PURI\ TO\ QERMO/N. PA=SIN OU)=N TOU/TOIS DIAFE/REI H( E(/CIS KAI\ H( STE/RHSIS TW=N E)NAN-TI/WN. KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N, TA\ E)NANTI/A H)\ A)EI\ E)C A)RXH=S U(PA/RXEI TW=| U(POKEI-ME/NW|, W(S E)PI\ TW=N A)ME/SWN E)NANTI/WN, H)\ OU)DE/POTE, A)LL' E)NDE/XETAI KAT' OU)DE/-TERON. H( DE\ E(/CIS KAI\ H( STE/RHSIS OU)/TE E)C A)NA/GKHS A)EI\ U(PA/RXEI TW=| U(PO-KEIME/NW|, O(/TE DH\ PE/FUKE DE/XESQAI DIA\ TO\N XRO/NON [1TO/TE GA\R E)/XEI KAT' OU)DE/TERON]1, OU)/TE DE\ PA/LIN U(PA/RXEI TW=| U(POKEIME/NW| OU)DE/POTE DIA\ TO\ PEFU-KE/NAI DE/XESQAI. E)F' OI(=S KATAPAUE/SQW ME\N H(MI=N O( LO/GOS O( PERI\ TH=S DIA-KRI/SEWS TW=N E)NANTI/WN PRO\S E(/CIN KAI\ STE/RHSIN. @1 @*DIADEXE/SQW DE\ O( PERI\ TH=S KATAFA/SEWS KAI\ A)POFA/SEWS DIAKRITIKO\S LO/GOS PRO\S TA\S LOIPA\S TREI=S A)NTIQE/SEIS, FHMI\ DH\ PRO\S E(/CIN KAI\ STE/RHSIN KAI\ E)NANTI/A KAI\ PRO/S TI. DIAFE/REI TOI/NUN TOU/TWN, O(/TI H( ME\N A)EI\ DIAKRI/NEI TO\ A)LHQE\S KAI\ TO\ YEU=DOS, AI( DE\ OU)DE/POTE. KAI\ TOU=TO EI)KO/TWS: AU(=TAI GA\R A(PLAI= OU)=SAI FWNAI\ OU)DE/POTE KATA/FASIN KAI\ A)PO/FASIN MIMOU=NTAI: E)N GA\R TAI=S A(PLAI=S FWNAI=S OU)DE\ A)LH/QEIA OU)DE\ YEU=DOS DHLOU=TAI. EI) DE/ TIS A)PO-RH/SEI PRO\S H(MA=S LE/GWN O(/TI DUNATO\N TAU/TAS TA\S A(PLA=S FWNA\S KATA\ SUM-PLOKH\N PROERXOME/NAS DIAKRI=NAI TH\N A)LH/QEIAN KAI\ TO\ YEU=DOS, W(S O(/TE EI)/PW "3*SWKRA/THS KA/QHTAI_*SWKRA/THS OU) KA/QHTAI"3, E)RW= PRO\S AU)TO\N O(/TI KAI\ OU(/TW DIAFE/REI H( KATA/FASIS KAI\ H( A)PO/FASIS TW=N LOIPW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN, TW=| TAU/THN ME\N TH\N A)NTI/QESIN A)EI\ DIAIREI=N TO\ A)LHQE\S KAI\ TO\ YEU=DOS, KAI\ O)/NTOS KAI\ MH\ O)/NTOS TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU, TAU/TAS DE\ OU)K A)EI\ DIAKRI/NEIN, A)LL' E)/ST' A)\N H)=| TO\ U(POKEI/MENON. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ EI)/RHTAI H(MI=N H( DIAI/RESIS H( KAQOLIKH/, FE/RE KAI\ TH\N MERIKH\N ZHTH/SWMEN, TH\N PRO\S E(/KASTA TOU/TWN FHMI/. DIAFE/REI TOI/NUN H( KATA/FASIS KAI\ H( A)PO/FASIS TW=N E)NANTI/WN TW=N ME\N E)MME/SWN, O(/TI OU)/TE O)/NTOS TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU OU)/TE MH\ O)/NTOS A)NA/GKH TH\N ME\N A)LHQEU/EIN TH\N DE\ YEU/DESQAI: OU)/TE GA\R EI) H)=N *SWKRA/THS, A)NA/GKH PA/NTWS TOU=TON H)\ LEUKO\N EI)=NAI H)\ ME/LANA, A)LL' E(/TERO/N TI E)/XEIN XRW=MA, TOU/TOU DE\ MH\ O)/NTOS DH=LON O(/TI OU)DE/TERON TOU/TWN E)STI\N A)LHQE/S, H)\ O(/TI *SWKRA/THS LEUKO\S H)\ O(/TI ME/LAS. TW=N DE\ A)ME/SWN E)NANTI/WN DIAFE/REI, O(/TI TA\ A)/MESA E)NANTI/A O)/NTOS ME\N TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU A)NA/GKH TH\N ME\N A)LHQEU/EIN TH\N DE\ YEU/DESQAI, MH\ O)/NTOS DE\ TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU A)NA/GKH KAT' OU)DE/TERON E)/STAI: PW=S GA\R TO\ MH\ O)\N H)\ LEUKO\N LE/GOMEN EI)=NAI H)\ ME/LAN; TH=S DE\ E(/CEWS KAI\ TH=S STERH/SEWS DIENH/NOXE, O(/TI E)PI\ ME\N E(/CEWS KAI\ STERH/SEWS KAI\ O)/NTOS KAI\ MH\ O)/NTOS TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU OU)K A)NA/GKH TH\N ME\N A)LHQEU/EIN TH\N DE\ YEU/DESQAI, E)PI\ DE\ TH=S A)POFA/SEWS KAI\ TH=S KATAFA/SEWS PRO/DHLON W(S H( E(TE/RA PA/NTWS H)\ A)LHQEU/EI H)\ YEU/DETAI: TH\N GA\R A)NTI/FASIN OU)DE\N KAUXH/SETAI FUGO/N. KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N DIAFE/REI AU(/TH H( DIA/STASIS TW=N TRIW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN TW=| TH\N ME\N A)NTI/FASIN KAI\ O)/NTOS KAI\ MH\ O)/NTOS TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU H)\ A)LHQEU/EIN H)\ YEU/DESQAI TA\S DE\ E(TE/RAS E)NO/NTOS TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU H)\ A)LHQEU/EIN H)\ YEU/DESQAI. @*ME/XRI TOU/TWN PROAGAGW\N TO\N LO/GON O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)FECH=S TE/TTARAS H(MI=N KANO/NAS PARADI/DWSI TW=N E)NANTI/WN, W(=N O( PRW=TO/S E)STI TOIOU=TOS: TA\ A)GAQA\ MO/NOIS MA/XETAI TOI=S KAKOI=S, TA\ DE\ KAKA\ OU) MO/NOIS MA/XETAI TOI=S A)GAQOI=S, A)LLA\ KAI\ TOI=S KAKOI=S: OU(/TWS H( E)/NDEIA OU) MO/NON MA/XETAI TH=| SUM-METRI/A| A)GAQH=| OU)/SH|, A)LLA\ KAI\ TH=| PLEONECI/A| KAKH=| U(PARXOU/SH|. A)LL' E)NTEU=QEN A)PORI/A DIADE/XETAI H(MA=S H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI KAI\ PW=S DI/KAIO/N E)STI LE/GEIN H(MA=S TW=| E(NI\ DU/O MA/XESQAI, TH=| E)NDEI/A| TH\N PLEONECI/AN KAI\ TH\N SUMMETRI/AN. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI OU)X E(NI\ KAI\ MO/NW| DU/O A)NTI/KEITAI [1OU)DE\ GA\R MO/NH| TH=| E)NDEI/A| TA\ EI)RHME/NA A)MFO/TERA A)NTI/KEITAI]1, A)LL' E(/KASTON TOU/TWN E(NI\ KAI\ MO/NW| A)NTI/KEITAI: H( GA\R E)/NDEIA KAI\ POSO/THTA E)/XEI KAI\ POIO/THTA. KAI\ KAQO\ @1 ME\N E)/XEI POSO/THTA, A)NTI/KEITAI TAU/TH| H( PLEONECI/A, KAQO\ DE\ E)/XEI POIO/THTA, A)NTIKEIME/NHN E)/XEI TH\N SUMMETRI/AN. DEU/TEROS KANW/N: O(/TI OU)X W(/SPER TA\ PRO/S TI SUNEISFE/REI A)/LLHLA, OU(/TW KAI\ TA\ E)NANTI/A: E)PI\ ME\N GA\R TW=N PRO/S TI EU(/ROIS A)\N TOU=TO, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ SUNEISFE/REIN KAI\ SW/ZEIN A)/LLHLA, E)PI\ DE\ TW=N E)NANTI/WN TO\ A)NA/PALIN: OU) MO/NON GA\R OU)/K EI)SIN A)LLH/LWN SWSTIKA\ A)LLA\ KAI\ FQARTIKA/, W(S EI)PEI=N, EI)/TE E)N DIAFO/ROIS U(POKEIME/NOIS LA/BOIS AU)TA\ O)/NTA EI)/TE E)N E(NI/, OI(=ON W(S E)PI\ NO/SOU KAI\ U(GEI/AS: EI) ME\N GA\R LA/BOIS PA/NTA A)/NQRWPON U(GIAI/NONTA, OI)XH/SETAI A)PO\ PA/NTWN H( NO/SOS E)C A)NA/GKHS. O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ E(NO\S U(POKEIME/NOU TAU)TA\ SUMBAI/NEI: EI) GA\R *SWKRA/THN E(/NA O)/NTA FH/SOMEN U(GIAI/NEIN, OI)/XETAI E)C A)NA/GKHS E)K TOU/TOU H( NO/SOS: OU)DE\ GA\R E)NDE/-XETAI TA\ E)NANTI/A PERI\ TO\ AU)TO\ U(POKEI/MENON KATA\ TO\N AU)TO\N XRO/NON A(/MA SUNEI=NAI. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS O( DEU/TEROS KANW/N. TRI/TOS KANW/N: TA\ E)NANTI/A PERI\ TO\ AU)TO\ U(POKEI/MENON QE/LOUSI TAU)TA\ GI/NESQAI H)\ TW=| GE/NEI H)\ TW=| EI)/DEI: OI(=ON U(GEI/A KAI\ NO/SOS E)N SW/MATI ZW/|OU TAU)TA\ O)/NTA TW=| EI)/DEI E)STI/, LEUKO\N DE\ KAI\ ME/LAN E)N TW=| A(PLW=S SW/MATI TAU)TA\ O)/NTA TW=| GE/NEI E)STI/. KAI\ TOU=TO EI)KO/TWS: E)PEIDH\ GA\R E)C E(NO\S DHMIOURGOU= PA/NTA PROH=LQEN, E)/DEI TAU=TA MH\ PA/NTH| E)NANTIOU=SQAI A)LLH/LOIS, A)LLA\ KAI\ KOINWNI/AN E)/N TISIN E)/XEIN, KAQO\ KOINWNOU=SIN, W(S KAI\ *PLA/TWN FHSI/N, TAI=S TE KORUFAI=S KAI\ TOI=S E)SXA/TOIS: TAI=S ME\N KORUFAI=S, [2E)PEI\]2 DU/O TA\ E)NANTI/A U(PO\ TO\ AU)TO\ GE/NOS A)NA/GETAI, TOI=S DE\ E)SXA/TOIS, E)PEI\ TA\ E)NANTI/A PERI\ TO\ AU)TO\ U(POKEI/MENON KATAGI/NETAI. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS O( TRI/TOS KANW/N. TE/TARTOS KANW/N: TA\ E)NANTI/A H)\ U(PO\ TO\ AU)TO\ GE/NOS A)NA/GETAI, W(/SPER TO\ LEUKO\N KAI\ TO\ ME/LAN U(PO\ TO\ XRW=MA, H)\ U(PO\ E)NANTI/A GE/NH, W(S H( DIKAIOSU/NH KAI\ A)DIKI/A, H( ME\N DIKAIOSU/NH U(PO\ TH\N A)RETH\N H( DE\ A)DIKI/A U(PO\ TH\N KAKI/AN, H)\ AU)TA\ GE/NH E)STI\N GENIKW/TATA, W(S TO\ A)GAQO\N KAI\ TO\ KAKO/N. A)LL' E)NTEU=QEN E)K TW=N EI)RHME/NWN A)POROU=MEN LE/GONTES O(/TI EI) TA\ E)NANTI/A U(PO\ TO\ AU)TO\ GE/NOS A)NAFE/RETAI, KAQW\S A)NWTE/RW EI)/RHTAI, PW=S TH\N DIKAIOSU/NHN KAI\ TH\N A)DIKI/AN U(PO\ E)NANTI/A GE/NH A)NA/GOMEN. LE/GOMEN OU)=N PO/RRW U(PO\ TO\ AU)TO\ GE/NOS A)NA/GONTAI, U(PO\ TH\N E(/CIN FAME/N: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ TH=S DIKAIOSU/NHS KAI\ TH=S A)DIKI/AS FAME\N KOINO\N GE/NOS TH\N E(/CIN. A)LL' E(TE/RA TIS E)PI\ TAU/TH| TH=| A)PORI/A| H(MI=N A)NAKU/PTEI H( LE/GOUSA O(/TI PW=S TO\ A)GAQO\N KAI\ TO\ KAKO\N GENIKW/TATA GE/NH EI)RH/KAMEN: EI) GA\R TOU=TO, KATHGORI/AI E)/SONTAI DW/DEKA, KAI\ OU)KE/TI DE/KA. PRO\S OU(/S FAMEN O(/TI TAU=TA I)DI/AN U(/LHN OU)K E)/XEI, A)LL' E)N PA/SAIS TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS EU(RI/SKONTAI: E)N ME\N GA\R TH=| OU)SI/A| E)STI\N A)GAQO\N KAI\ KAKO\N OI(=ON GE/NESIS KAI\ FQORA/, GE/NESIS ME\N KALO\N FQORA\ DE\ KAKO/N. O(MOI/WS KAI\ E)N TW=| POSW=| E)STIN A)GAQO\N KAI\ KAKO/N, A)GAQO\N ME\N TE/LEION KAKO\N DE\ A)TELE/S. O(MOI/WS KAI\ E)N TW=| POIW=| A)GAQO\N ME\N H( E)PI-STH/MH KAKO\N DE\ H( A)/GNOIA. PA/LIN E)N TOI=S PRO/S TI A)GAQO\N ME\N O( FI/LOS KAKO\N DE\ O( E)XQRO/S. KAI\ E)N TW=| POU= A)GAQO\N ME\N TO\ EU)/KRATON KAKO\N DE\ TO\ DU/SKRATON. O(MOI/WS KAI\ E)N TW=| POTE\ A)GAQO\N ME\N TO\ KATA\ KAIRO\N KAKO\N DE\ TO\ PARA\ KAIRO/N. TAU)TO\N DE\ EU(/ROIS KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= POIEI=N, A)GAQO\N ME\N TO\ @1 DIDA/SKEIN KAKO\N DE\ TO\ FONEU/EIN. PA/LIN KAI\ E)N TW=| KEI=SQAI A)GAQO\N ME/N E)STI TO\ EU)PREPW=S KATAKEKLI/SQAI KAKO\N DE\ TO\ A)PREPW=S, W(/SPER KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= E)/XEIN A)GAQO\N ME\N TO\ BIBLI/A E)/XEIN KAKO\N DE\ TO\ AI)SXRA/ TINA E)/XEIN. TOU=TO PE/RAS TH=S QEWRI/AS. {1<20[2*QEWRI/A LG#.]2>20}1 {1<20*)EPI\ ME\N TW=N E)NANTI/WN, U(PA/RXONTOS TOU= DEKTIKOU=, DUNATO\N EI)S A)/LLHLA METABOLH\N GENE/SQAI, EI) MH/ TINI FU/SEI TO\ E(\N U(PA/RXEI.>20}1 @*ZHTHTE/ON E)NTAU=QA EI) DUNATO\N TO\ A)/RTION KAI\ TO\ PERITTO\N EI)S A)/LLHLA METABA/LLEIN. KAI/ TINES ME/N FASIN O(/TI DUNATO/N: I)DOU\ GA\R O( TRI/A GI/NETAI TE/TTARA. A)LLA\ PRO\S TOU/TOUS FAME\N O(/TI A)DU/NATON: OU)DE\ GA\R O( TRI/A A)RIQMO\S TRI/A ME/NWN TE/TTARA GI/NETAI, A)LLA\ GENO/MENOS TE/TTARA, PARE/FQARTAI H)/DH TO\ TRI/A EI)=NAI AU)TO/N. O(/MWS DE\ KAI\ TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI DITTO\S O( A)RIQMO/S, O( ME\N METRW=N O( DE\ METROU/MENOS. KAI\ O( ME\N METRW=N OU)DE/POTE METABA/LLEI, O( DE\ METROU/MENOS METABA/LLEI: OI(=ON TRIW=N LI/QWN U(POKEIME/NWN, DUNATO\N E(/NA DIAI-REI=SQAI KAI\ GI/NESQAI TOU\S PERITTOU\S A)RTI/OUS. {1<20*(UGIAINO/NTWN ME\N A(PA/NTWN U(GEI/A ME\N E)/STAI, NO/SOS DE\ OU)/.>20}1 @*)/ACION E)NTAU=QA ZHTH=SAI O(/TI TI/NOS XA/RIN OU)K A)NTISTRE/YAS EI)=PEN O( FILO/-SOFOS O(/TI NOSOU/NTWN A(PA/NTWN NO/SOS ME\N E)/STAI, U(GEI/A DE\ OU)/. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI EI)KO/TWS KAI\ TOU=TO PEPOI/HKEN: U(GEI/A ME\N GA\R A)/NEU NO/SOU DU/NATAI SUSTH=NAI, NO/SOS DE\ A)/NEU U(GEI/AS A)DU/NATON: AU)TO\ GA\R TO\ ZH=N E)N TW=| NOSEI=N U(GEI/A E)STI/N, KAI\ A)DU/NATON E)N NO/SW| MH\ EI)=NAI I)/XNH U(GEI/AS, E)PEI\ OU)DE\ TW=N ZW/NTWN E)STI/N. A)DU/NATON OU)=N NO/SON A)/NEU U(GEI/AS SUNI/STASQAI, W(/SPER KAI\ KAKO\N A)/NEU A)GAQOU=. A)/KRATON GA\R KAKO\N A)DU/NATON EI)=NAI, W(/SPER KAI\ A)/KRATON SKO/TOS, A)LLA\ PA/NTWS E)STI\N MET' E)PIMICI/AS. TAU=TA KAI\ PERI\ TW=N PROTEQE/NTWN R(HTW=N I(KANA/. {1<20*PERI\ PROTE/ROU KAI\ TW=N E(CH=S.>20}1 {1<20*PRO/TERON DE\ E(/TERON E(TE/ROU LE/GETAI TETRAXW=S, PRW=TON ME\N KAI\ KURIW/TATA TO\ KATA\ XRO/NON, KAQA\ PRESBU/TERON E(/TERON E(TE/ROU KAI\ PALAIO/TERON LE/GETAI.>20}1 @*META\ TH\N TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN DIDASKALI/AN METABE/BHKEN LOIPO\N O( FILO/SOFOS E)PI\ TH\N PERI\ TOU= PROTE/ROU QEWRI/AN KAI\ U(STE/ROU KAI\ TOU= A(/MA KAI\ TH=S KINH/SEWS KAI\ TOU= E)/XEIN. A)LLA\ TE/WS PRO\ TH=S KATA\ ME/ROS E)CHGH/SEWS @1 ZHTH/SWMEN TH\N XREI/AN TH=S MNH/MHS TOU= PROKEIME/NOU. LE/GOMEN TOI/NUN O(/TI EI)KO/TWS ME/MNHTAI TOU= PROTE/ROU, E)PEIDH\ [2O(\]2 POLLAXOU= E)N TAI=S KATHGORI/AIS E)MNHMO/NEUSE, TOU/TOU DEI=N W)|H/QH TOU= MNHMONEUQE/NTOS SPORA/DHN O(LOSXERH= TH\N DIDASKALI/AN POIH/SASQAI. KAI\ O(/TI A)LHQW=S SPORA/DHN MNH/MHN AU)TOU= E)POIH/SATO, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: AU)TI/KA GOU=N E)N ME\N TH=| OU)SI/A| TOU/TOU E)MNH/SQH, E)/NQA E)/LEGEN TW=N OU)SIW=N TA\S ME\N PRW/TAS EI)=NAI TA\S DE\ DEUTE/RAS, E)N DE\ TW=| PRO/S TI, E)/NQA E)/LEGEN TO\ AI)SQHTO\N KAI\ TO\ E)PISTHTO\N PRO/TERA EI)=NAI TH=S E)PI-STH/MHS KAI\ TH=S AI)SQH/SEWS. [OU) MO/NON DE\ TOU=TO, A)LLA\ KAI\ O(/TE PASW=N TW=N KATHGORIW=N E)ZHTOU=MEN TH\N TA/CIN, LE/GONTES DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN A)\N PRW/TH ME\N H( OU)SI/A TE/TAKTAI, DEU/TERON DE\ TO\ POSO/N, KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N TH\N TA/CIN TW=N E)FECH=S KATHGORIW=N]. DIA\ TAU/TAS ME\N OU)=N AI)TI/AS [2TOU=]2 PROTE/ROU MNH/MHN E)POIH/SATO. TOU= DE\ U(STE/ROU E)MNH/SQH, H)\ O(/TE E)/LEGEN TW=N OU)SIW=N TA\S ME\N EI)=NAI PRW/TAS TA\S DE\ U(STE/RAS [1AI( DE\ DEU/TERAI KAT' OU)DE\N E(/TERON EI)SI\N EI) MH\ U(/STERAI]1, H)\ O(/TE TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ U(/STERON TW=N PRO/S TI [1E)XRH=N DE\ PERI\ TOU= E(NO\S DIALEXQE/NTA KAI\ PERI\ TOU= U(STE/ROU TO\N LO/GON POIH/SASQAI: TA\ GA\R PRO/S TI W(S A(/MA O)/NTA KAI\ A(/MA GIGNW/SKETAI]1, H)\ E)PEIDH\ MI/A TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN E)PISTH/MH. TOU= DE\ A(/MA MNH/MHN E)POIH/SATO, H)\ O(/TI TOU/TOU E)MNH/SQH E)N TOI=S PRO/S TI, E)/NQA E)/LEGEN TA\ PRO/S TI A(/MA TH=| FU/SEI EI)SI/N, H)\ O(/TI TA\ A(/MA ME/SA E)STI\N PROTE/ROU KAI\ U(STE/ROU, E)XRH=N DE\ AU)TO\N PERI\ TW=N A)/KRWN DIALABO/NTA KAI\ PERI\ TOU= ME/SOU TH\N DIDASKALI/AN POIH/SASQAI. KINH/SEWS DE\ PA/LIN ME/MNHTAI, DIO/TI E)N TW=| PERI\ TOU= POSOU= LO/GW| MNH/MHN E)POIH/SATO TAU/THS, E)/NQA FHSI\ TO\N LO/GON KAI\ TH\N MNH/MHN A)KI/NHTON EI)=NAI. A)POROU=SI DE/ TINES LE/GONTES DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN ME/MNHTAI TOU= E)/XEIN, EI)/ GE AU)TO/S E)STIN O( EI)RHKW\S A)NWTE/RW O(/TI OU)K E)/XEI PERI\ TOU/TWN DIDA/CAI PLH\N TW=N EI)RHME/NWN E)N A)RXH=| TOU= SUGGRA/MMATOS. KAI/ FAMEN O(/TI OU) PERI\ TH=S E)/XEIN KATHGORI/AS BOU/LETAI DIALEXQH=NAI A(PLW=S, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ O(MW/NUMO/N E)STI TO\ E)/XEIN, E)BOULH/QH DIA-STEI/LASQAI TA\ SHMAINO/MENA, I(/NA GNW=MEN TI/ ME\N U(PO\ TH\N E)/XEIN A)NA/GETAI KATHGORI/AN, TI/ DE\ OU)K A)NA/GETAI. @*OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ TH\N TA/CIN TW=N PROKEIME/NWN KALW=S A)PODEDW/KAMEN, FE/RE LOIPO\N PLATU/TERON PERI\ TOU/TWN DIE/LQWMEN. TO\ TOI/NUN PRO/TERON LE/GETAI PENTAXW=S: H)\ XRO/NW| W(S O( PRESBU/TEROS TOU= NE/OU, H)\ FU/SEI, O(\ SUNANAIREI= KAI\ OU) SUNANAIREI=TAI, SUNEISFE/RETAI KAI\ OU) SUNEISFE/REI, TAU)TO\N DE\ EI)PEI=N, TO\ KAQO/LOU KAI\ MERIKO/N, W(S TO\ ZW=|ON KAI\ O( A)/NQRWPOS, EI) TU/XOI, LE/GETAI. PA/LIN PRO/TERON TH=| TA/CEI, W(/SPER LE/GOMEN TO\ PROOI/MION TH=S E)CHGH/SEWS PRO/-TERON EI)=NAI KAI\ TH\N DIH/GHSIN TW=N A)GW/NWN. LE/GETAI PA/LIN PRO/TERON TW=| A)CIW/MATI, W(/SPER TINE/S FASI TOU\S TIMIWTE/ROUS TW=N FI/LWN PROTE/ROUS EI)=NAI TW=N MH\ TOIOU/TWN PAR' AU)TOI=S. LE/GETAI DE\ PRO/TERON KAI\ TO\ AI)/TION TOU= AI)TIA-TOU=. A)LLA\ A)POROU=MEN E)NTAU=QA LE/GONTES O(/TI EI) TOU=TO DIAFE/REI TO\ PE/MPTON SHMAINO/MENON TOU= DEUTE/ROU SHMAINOMOME/NOU TOU= PROTE/ROU, FHMI\ DE\ TOU= @1 FU/SEI PROTE/ROU. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI OU)DAMW=S TAU)TO\N KAQE/STHKE TO\ PE/MPTON SHMAINO/MENON TW=| DEUTE/RW|, A)LLA\ PA=N ME\N KAQO/LOU AI)/TIO/N E)STIN, OU) PA=N DE\ AI)/TION KAQO/LOU: E)/STIN GA/R TINA E)CISA/ZONTA TW=| AI)TI/W|, MH\ ME/NTOI GE KAQO/LOU O)/NTA, W(/SPER H( A)LH/QEIA TW=N LO/GWN KAI\ TA\ PRA/GMATA: TAU=TA GA\R E)CISA/ZOUSIN: EI) ME\N GA\R A)LHQEI=S OI( LO/GOI OI( LE/GONTES EI)=NAI TA\ PRA/GMATA, EI)SI\ KAI\ TA\ PRA/GMATA, EI) DE\ TA\ PRA/GMATA/ EI)SIN A)LHQH=, KAI\ OI( LO/GOI A)LHQEI=S KAQESTH/KASIN OI( LE/GONTES EI)=NAI TA\ PRA/GMATA. KAI\ OU(/TWS H( U(PA/RCIS TW=N PRAGMA/TWN AI)TI/A E)STI\ TH=S A)LHQEI/AS TW=N LO/GWN. O(SAXW=S DE\ TO\ PRO/TERON, TOSAUTAXW=S DE\ KAI\ TO\ U(/STERON, EI)/ GE EI)RH/KAMEN O(/TI O(SAXW=S TO\ E(/TERON TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN, TOSAUTAXW=S KAI\ TO\ E(/TERON. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TOU= PROTE/ROU KAI\ U(STE/ROU. {1<20*PERI\ TOU= A(/MA.>20}1 @*TO\ DE\ A(/MA TRIXW=S LE/GETAI: H)\ GA\R XRO/NW| E)STI\N A(/MA, W(S *KA/STWR KAI\ *POLUDEU/KHS EI) TU/XOI, H)\ W(S TA\ A)NTISTRE/FONTA, E)N OI(=S OU)K E)/STI TO\ AI)/TION KAI\ TO\ AI)TIATO/N, A)NTISTRE/FONTA MO/NWS KATA\ TH\N TOU= EI)=NAI A)KOLOU/QHSIN, MHDAMW=S DE\ QA/TERON QATE/ROU E)STI\N AI)/TION PRO\S TO\ EI)=NAI, W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ DIPLASI/OU KAI\ H(MI/SEWS: DIPLASI/OU GA\R O)/NTOS E)/STAI KAI\ H(/MISU, KAI\ H(MI/SEWS O)/NTOS E)/STAI DIPLA/SION, OU)DE/TERON DE\ OU)DETE/ROU AI)/TIO/N E)STI TOU= EI)=NAI. H)\ W(S TA\ O(MOEIDH=, W(S A)/NQRWPOS %2%2. A)LLA\ A)POROU=SI/ TINES LE/GONTES O(/TI EI) TO\ A(/MA ME/SON E)STI\N PROTE/ROU KAI\ U(STE/ROU, O(SAXW=S DE\ TA\ A)/KRA, TOSAUTAXW=S KAI\ TO\ ME/SON, DIA\ TI/ TO\ ME\N PENTAXW=S LE/GETAI, TO\ PRO/TERON DHLONO/TI, TO\ DE\ TRIXW=S, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ A(/MA. PRO\S TOU/TOUS FAME\N O(/TI PA=SI TOI=S SHMAINO-ME/NOIS TOU= PROTE/ROU TA\ SHMAINO/MENA TOU= A(/MA A)NTI/KEITAI: TO\ ME\N GA\R XRO/NW| TOU= A(/MA A)NTI/KEITAI TW=| XRO/NW| TOU= PROTE/ROU, TO\ DE\ W(S A)NTISTRE/FONTA LE/GESQAI, MH\ ME/NTOI GE AI)/TION QA/TERON QATE/ROU U(PA/RXEIN, DU/O TISI\N A)NTI/KEITAI SHMAI-NOME/NOIS TOU= PROTE/ROU, TW=| DEUTE/RW| KAI\ TW=| PE/MPTW|: TO\ GA\R DEU/TERON H)=N TO\ FU/SEI, TOU=T' E)/STI TO\ KAQO/LOU [2KAI\]2 MERIKO/N, TO\ DE\ PE/MPTON TO\ AI)/TIO/N E)STIN: A)MFO/TERA GA\R AI)/TIA/ E)STI TW=N U(STE/RWN. TOU/TOU XA/RIN A)NTI/KEITAI TOU/TOIS TA\ A)NTISTRE/FONTA, E)N OI(=S OU)K E)/STIN AI)/TION KAI\ AI)TIATO/N. TA\ DE\ O(MOEIDH= A)NTI/-KEINTAI TW=| TA/CEI TOU= PROTE/NOU. TW=| DE\ TETA/RTW| SHMAINOME/NW| TOU= PROTE/ROU, TOU=T' E)/STI TW=| KATA\ TH\N QE/LHSIN LEGOME/NW|, OU)K H)CI/WSEN O( FILO/SOFOS A)NTI-KEI/MENON A)NTIQEI=NAI, E)PEIDH\ TOU=TO E)K TH=S H(METE/RAS E)PINOI/AS GI/NETAI. A)/LLWS TE EI) BOULHQEI/HMEN EU(REI=N KAI\ TOU/TW| A)NTIKEI/MENON, E)N TW=| A(/MA E)/STIN EU(REI=N, KAQ' O(\ SHMAINO/MENON LE/GOMEN I)SOTI/MOUS U(PA/RXEIN: A)NTI/KEITAI GA\R TO\ O(MO/-TIMON TW=| PROTE/RAN E)/XONTI TIMH\N H)\ DEUTE/RAN. OU(/TWS PA=SI TOI=S SHMAINO-ME/NOIS TOU= PROTE/ROU TA\ SHMAINO/MENA TOU= A(/MA A)NTI/KEITAI. OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ DIH/R-QRWTAI H(MI=N EU)= TA\ PERI\ TOU= PROTE/ROU KAI\ TOU= A(/MA, FE/RE E)PI\ TA\ E)FECH=S XWRH/SWMEN, E)PI\ TH\N KI/NHSI/N FHMI. @1 {1<20*PERI\ KINH/SEWS.>20}1 @*KINH/SEWS TOI/NUN E(\C EI)/DH KAQESTH/KASI: GE/NESIS, FQORA/, AU)/CHSIS, MEI/WSIS, A)LLOI/WSIS, H( KATA\ TO/PON METABOLH/. O(/TI DE\ E(/C EI)SI KAI\ OU)/TE PLEI/ONA OU)/TE E)LA/TTONA EI)/DH TH=S KINH/SEWS, DEI/CWMEN OU(/TWS: H( KI/NHSIS E)N TE/SSARSI KATHGORI/AIS QEWREI=TAI, H)\ E)N OU)SI/A|, H)\ E)N POSW=|, H)\ E)N POIW=|, H)\ E)N TH=| POU=. A)LL' EI) ME\N E)N OU)SI/A| QEWREI=TAI, H)\ E)N AU)TH=| TH=| OU)SI/A| QEWREI=TAI H)\ E)N TOI=S PERI\ TH\N OU)SI/AN H)\ TOI=S E)N TH=| OU)SI/A|. KAI\ EI) ME\N QEWREI=TAI E)N TH=| OU)SI/A|, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= MH\ O)/NTOS EI)S TO\ O)\N PARA/GEI KAI\ LE/GETAI GE/NESIS [1A)PO\ TOU= MH\ O)/NTOS DHLONO/TI: A)PO\ GA\R TOU= MHDAMH=| MHDAMW=S O)/NTOS DEI/KNUTAI E)N *FUSIKOI=S MHDE\N GINO/MENON]1, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= O)/NTOS EI)S TO\ MH\ O)\N A)PA/GEI KAI\ KALEI=TAI TO\ TOIOU=TON FQORA/. EI) DE\ E)N TOI=S E)N TH=| OU)SI/A| QEWREI=TAI, H)\ E)N POSW=| E)STIN H)\ E)N POIW=|. KAI\ EI) E)N POSW=|, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= E)LA/TTONOS O(DEU/EI E)PI\ TO\ MEI=ZON KAI\ KALEI=TAI TO\ TOIOU=TON AU)/CHSIS, H)\ A)PO\ TOU= MEI/ZONOS E)PI\ TO\ E)/LATTON KAI\ KALEI=TAI MEI/WSIS. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N EI) E)N POSW=| E)STI/N. EI) DE\ E)N POIW=|, POIEI= TH\N KALOUME/NHN A)LLOI/WSIN. EI) DE\ E)N TOI=S PERI\ TH\N OU)SI/AN QEWREI=TAI, OI(=ON E)N TH=| POU= KATHGORI/A|, POIEI= TH\N KALOUME/NHN KATA\ TO/PON METABOLH/N. A)LLA\ A)POROU=SI/ TINES LE/GONTES MH\ A)/RA H( AU)TH/ E)STIN H( AU)/CHSIS KAI\ H( A)LLOI/WSIS KAI\ OU)KE/TI E)STI\N E(\C TA\ EI)/DH TH=S KINH/SEWS A)LLA\ PE/NTE: KAI\ GA\R PA=N AU)CA-NO/MENON A)LLOIOU=TAI. PRO\S TOU=TO/ FAMEN O(/TI OU)DAMW=S E)STIN H( AU)TH\ H( AU)/CHSIS TH=| A)LLOIW/SEI: E)/STIN GA\R AU)CA/NESQAI KAI\ MH\ A)LLOIOU=SQAI: H( GA\R E)KTETAME/NH GRAMMH\ AU)CHQEI=SA OU)K H)LLOIW/QH. A)LL' OU)DE\ MH\N PA=N A)LLOIOU/MENON AU)/CETAI: H( GA\R YUXH\ A)LLOIOU=TAI KAI\ OU)K AU)/CETAI. A)LL' I)STE/ON O(/TI TH=| ME\N KINH/SEI W(S A(PLW=S KINH/SEI A)NTI/KEITAI H( H)REMI/A, W(S DE\ TOIA=|DE KINH/SEI H( E)NANTI/A. OU(/TWS TH=| ME\N GENE/SEI W(S A(PLW=S GENE/SEI H( FQORA\ A)NTI/KEITAI, W(S DE\ TOIA=|DE E(TE/RA. A)LLA\ PRO\S TOU=TO A)POROU=SI/ TINES LE/GONTES O(/TI KAI\ PW=S TOU=TO DI/KAION DU/O E(NI\ MA/XESQAI. A)LL' E)/STIN EI)PEI=N PRO\S AU)TOU\S O(/TI OU) KATA\ TO\ AU)TO\ A)NTI/-KEITAI DU/O E(NI/, A)LLA\ KATA\ A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO. 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TH=| ME\N GA\R *FUSIKH=| A)KROA/SEI KAI\ TH=| *PERI\ OU)RANOU= KAI\ TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S E(/PETAI: PROHGEI=TAI DE\ TW=N PERI\ YUXH=S, TOUTE/STI TH=S *PERI\ FUTW=N KAI\ TH=S *PERI\ ZW/|WN. KAI\ OU(/TW TETA/CETAI H( *PERI\ YUXH=S. AU(/TH GA\R A)MFIBI/W| ZW/|W| E)/OIKE KAI\ DU/NATAI PROHGEI=SQAI KAI\ E(/PESQAI: PROHGEI=SQAI ME/N, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ PERI\ FUSIKW=N DIALE/GETAI E)N TH=| *PERI\ YUXH=S, E(/PESQAI DE/, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ QEO-LOGI/AI EI)SI/N. TA\ DE\ FUSIKA\ DEI= PRW=TON MANQA/NEIN KAI\ OU(/TWS QEOLOGEI=N. O(/QEN KAI\ TO\ <20SXEDO\N>20 DI' AU)TH\N LE/GEI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. FHSI\ GA/R: "3E)N TOU/-TOIS TOI=S EI)RHME/NOIS <20SXEDO\N>20 PLHROU=TAI H( FUSIOLOGI/A"3. TO\ DE\ <20SXEDO\N>20 DIA\ TH\N *PERI\ YUXH=S: KA)KEI= GA\R FUSIOLOGI/AS ME/MNHTAI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. KAI\ MH\ A)PORH/SH|S, PW=S E)N TH=| *PERI\ YUXH=S FUSIOLOGEI=, OU) GA\R A)/PORON: O( GA\R E)N TW=| O)GDO/W| LO/GW| *PERI\ FUSIKH=S A)KROA/SEWS PERI\ NOU= DIALEXQEI\S KAI\ EI)RHKW\S PA=SAN KATA\ FU/SIN KI/NHSIN H)RTH=SQAI TH=S KINH/SEWS TH=S A)PLANOU=S, OU(=TOS KAI\ E)N QEOLO-GIKOI=S PERI\ FU/SEWS DIALE/GETAI W(/SPER E)N FUSIKOI=S PERI\ NOU=. AU(/TH KAI\ H( TA/CIS. @*TO\ GNH/SION. TINE\S NOQEI/AN TOU= PRW/TOU BIBLI/OU KATEYHFI/SANTO, PRW=-TON ME\N E)K TOU= PARABH=NAI AU)TO\N TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHN KAI\ SAFH/NEIAN E)PITH-DEU=SAI. A)LL' E)ROU=MEN PRO\S AU)TOU/S, O(/TI KAI\ POLLH=| PA/NU A)SAFEI/A| KE/XRHTAI E)N TW=| LE/GEIN AU)TO/N: <20W(=N TA\ ME\N A)POROU=MEN, TW=N DE\ TRO/PON TINA\ E)FAPTO/MEQA.>20 KAI\ E)/STIN EI)PEI=N MA=LLON E)NTAU=QA, O(/TI A)SAFW=S FE/RETAI, MA=LLON H)/PER E)N TH=| *PERI\ YUXH=S: "3KAI\ GA\R DIA\ TO\ O(/MOION EI)=NAI TO\ GINW=-SKON TW=| GINWSKOME/NW| SAFH= EI)SI TA\ DIDASKO/MENA"3. 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O(/POU GA\R EI) KAI\ EI)/-HSAN, OU)DE\ OU(/TWS H)DU/NANTO PARATRI/BESQAI, DIO/TI OU)K E)/XOUSI FU/SIN MA/XE-SQAI: TA\ GA\R O(MOGENH= TOI=S O(MOGENE/SI MA/XETAI, A)NO/MOIOS DE\ O( A)H\R PRO\S TA\ OU)RA/NIA KAT' AU)TO/N: PE/MPTHS GA\R TAU=TA LE/GEI OU)SI/AS. TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; O(/TI TH=| TW=N POLLW=N KAI\ E)N TOU/TW| DO/CH| KATHKOLOU/QHSEN. PA/LIN FASI\ NO/QON TO\ PARO\N BIBLI/ON, DIO/TI TO\N GALACI/AN PA/QOS FHSI\ EI)=NAI TOU= A)E/ROS, O(/PER YEU=DOS. A)EI\ GA\R W(SAU/TWS FAI/NETAI E)/XWN, O(PO/TE KAI\ PERI\ AU)TOU= A)NEGRA/-YANTO OI( *XALDAI=OI. TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; OU)DE\ AU)TO\ PERI\ TOU/TOU A)PEFH/NATO. E)/XOMEN GA\R TROFEI=A AU)TW=| A)PONE/MONTES DEI=CAI, O(/TI META\ TH\N A)PARI/QMHSIN GALACI/OU E)PH/GAGEN: <20W(=N TA\ ME\N A)POROU=MEN, TW=N D' E)FAPTO/MEQA TRO/PON TINA/.>20 KAI\ OU) PERI\ A)/LLOU OI)=MAI O(/TI EI)/RHTAI <20A)POROU=MEN,>20 EI) MH\ PERI\ TOU= GALACI/OU. @*(H EI)S TA\ MO/RIA DIAI/RESIS. DIAIREI=TAI TO\ PARO\N BIBLI/ON EI)S TE/SSARAS LO/GOUS. KAI\ E)N ME\N TW=| PRW/TW| PARADI/DWSI TA\ PA/QH PA/NTA TA\ E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS [KAI\ TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS]: E)N DE\ TW=| PE/RATI KAI/ TINA SAFH= PARADI/DWSI TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS. O(MOI/WS KAI\ E)N TW=| DEUTE/RW| PERI\ TW=N A)SAFW=N TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS DIALE/GETAI, E)N DE\ TW=| TRI/TW| TA\ U(PO/LOIPA A)SAFH= TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS. A(PANTAXOU= GA\R KAI\ E)N TOI=S SAFE/SI KAI\ E)N TOI=S A)SAFE/SI PROTA/TTEI TA\ TH=S KAPNW/DOUS TH=| TA/CEI TOU= PANTO\S KATA-KOLOUQH/SAS. PRO/TERON GA\R TO\ PU/RINON STOIXEI=ON, EI)=TA TO\ A)E/RINON: A)NA-LOGEI= DE\ TW=| ME\N PURI\ H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, TW=| DE\ A)E/RI H( A)TMIDW/DHS. E)N DE\ TW=| PE/RATI TOU= TRI/TOU PERI/ TINWN A)YU/XWN DIALE/GETAI, OI(=ON PERI\ TW=N @1 META/LLWN, E)N DE\ TW=| TETA/RTW| PERI\ TW=N A(PLW=S SUNQE/TWN O(MOIOMERW=N, A)YU/-XWN FHMI\ KAI\ E)MYU/XWN. E)PEI\ DE\ TW=N O(MOIOMERW=N SUNQE/TWN E)MNH/SQHMEN, XRH\ ME\N EI)DE/NAI, O(/TI TW=N SUNQE/TWN TA\ ME\N O(MOIOMERH=, TA\ DE\ A)NOMOIO-MERH=. KAI\ E(KA/TERON TOU/TWN TRITTO/N E)STI: SU/NQETA O(MOIOMERH= A)/YUXA, A(/PER DIDA/SKEI E)N TW=| PE/RATI TOU= TRI/TOU LO/GOU TH=S PAROU/SHS PRAGMATEI/AS KAI\ E)N TH=| MONOBI/BLW| *PERI\ META/LLWN E)PIGEGRAMME/NH|. EI)SI\ DE\ A)/LLA SU/NQETA O(MOIOMERH= E)/MYUXA, A(\ DIDA/SKEI E)N TH=| *PERI\ ZW/|WN I(STORI/A|. EI)SI\ DE\ A)/LLA SU/NQETA O(MOIOMERH= A(PLW=S: TAU=TA DIDA/SKEI E)N TW=| TETA/RTW| LO/GW| TW=N *METE-W/RWN: E)KEI= GA\R KAI\ PERI\ E)MYU/XWN KAI\ A)YU/XWN E)REI= KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO A(PLW=S PERI\ O(MOIOMERW=N. LOIPO\N TO\ A)/LLO SKE/LOS. EI)SI\ SU/NQETA A)NOMOIOMERH= E)/M-YUXA. TAU=TA DIDA/SKEI E)N TW=| *PERI\ ZW/|WN MORI/WN: E)KEI= GA\R OU) MO/NON PERI\ TW=N O(MOIOMERW=N MORI/WN, A)LLA\ KAI\ PERI\ TW=N A)NOMOIOMERW=N DIALE/GETAI. EI)SI\ PA/LIN SU/NQETA A)NOMOIOMERH= A)/YUXA. PERI\ TOU/TWN OU)DAMOU= DIALE/GETAI, DIO/TI OU)K EI)SI\ PRO\S AU)TA\ A)NOMOIOMERH= A)/YUXA: A)NOMOIOMERE\S GA/R FHSI TO\ O)RGANIKO/N: PA=N DE\ O)RGANIKO\N E)/MYUXON, EI)/ GE H( YUXH\ E)NTELE/XEIA/ E)STI KAT' AU)TO\N SW/MATOS FUSIKOU= O)RGANIKOU=. EI)SI\ PA/LIN SU/NQETA A)NOMOIOMERH= A(PLW=S, PERI\ W(=N PA/LIN OU)DAMOU= DIALE/GETAI. EI) GA\R TO\ MERIKO\N E)KLE/LOIPE, DH=LON O(/TI KAI\ TO\ A(PLW=S. TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TOU/TWN. @*)ISTE/ON DE/, O(/TI *)ALE/CANDROS O( *)AFRODISIEU\S TO\ PE/RAS TOU= TRI/TOU LO/GOU TH=S PAROU/SHS PRAGMATEI/AS KAI\ TO\N TE/TARTON LO/GON XWRI/ZEI A)PO\ TW=N *METEW/RWN KAI\ SUNA/PTEI TW=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S. "3E)/DEI GA/R, FHSI, META\ TH\N EI)/DHSIN TW=N STOIXEI/WN EI)DE/NAI KAI\ TA\ E)C AU)TH=S GINO/MENA"3: FHSI\ DE\ TA\ SU/NQETA. O( DE/ GE FILO/SOFOS *)AMMW/NIOS SUNHGOREI= LE/GWN, O(/TI OU) DEI= DIAKRI/NESQAI A)PO\ TW=N *METEW/RWN AU)TA\ KAI\ SUNA/PTESQAI TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S: OU(/TW GA\R EU(REQH/SETAI DIASPWME/NH H( PERI\ TW=N STOIXEI/WN DI-DASKALI/A MESOLABOUME/NH U(PO\ TH=S TW=N SUNQE/TWN PRAGMA/TWN U(FHGH/SEWS. DE/ON GA/R E)STI META\ TA\ *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S TOU\S PRW/TOUS MAQEI=N TW=N *METEW/RWN LO/GOUS [1PERI\ GA\R TW=N STOIXEI/WN OU(=TOI DIDA/SKOUSI]1 KAI\ OU(/TW TOU\S TELEUTAI/OUS LO/GOUS TW=N *METEW/RWN, E)N W(=| H( PERI\ SUNQE/TWN PRAGMA/TWN DIDASKALI/A. @1 {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ ME\N OU)=N TW=N PRW/TWN AI)TI/WN TH=S FU/SEWS KAI\ PA/SHS KINH/SEWS FUSIKH=S.>20}1 @*)ANA/MNHSIN POIEI=TAI TW=N FQASA/NTWN E(TE/RA| DIA\ TOU= PARO/NTOS R(HSEI-DI/OU, TH=S *FUSIKH=S A)KROA/SEWS. A)LLA\ DIA\ ME\N TOU= EI)PEI=N <20TW=N PRW/TWN AI)TI/WN TH=S FU/SEWS>20 A)NE/MNHSE TOU= PRW/TOU KAI\ TOU= DEUTE/ROU LO/GOU. E)N GA\R TOU/TOIS TA\ PRW=TA AI)/TIA, U(/LHN FHMI\ KAI\ EI)=DOS, DIDA/SKEI. A)LL' E)N ME\N TW=| PRW/TW| MA=LLON PERI\ U(/LHS O( LO/GOS, E)PEIDH\ TA\S DIAFO/ROUS DO/CAS E)KEI=SE DIELE/GXEI PERI\ AU)TH/N, E)N DE\ TW=| DEUTE/RW| MA=LLON PERI\ EI)/DOUS. DEI/KNUSI GA\R E)KEI=SE TA\ TRI/A AI)/TIA A)LLH/LOIS SUNTRE/XONTA: TO\ GA\R POIHTIKO\N KAI\ TO\ U(LI-KO/N, FHSI, SUNTRE/XOUSI TW=| EI)DIKW=|: EI) OU)=N PERI\ TOU= EI)DIKOU= O( LO/GOS, DHLONO/TI KAI\ PERI\ TOU= EI)/DOUS. DIA\ DE\ TOU= EI)PEI=N <20KAI\ PERI\ PA/SHS KINH/-SEWS FUSIKH=S>20 U(PO/MNHSIN E)POI/HSE TW=N TESSA/RWN LO/GWN , <#2>, , : E)N TOU/-TOIS GA\R PERI\ PA/SHS FUSIKH=S KINH/SEWS O( LO/GOS. A)LL' I)/SWS TIS E)REI=, POU= O( PERI\ KINH/SEWS KAI\ KENOU= KAI\ A)PEI/ROU KAI\ TO/POU KAI\ XRO/NOU LO/GOS. TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; O(/TI TOI=S A)/KROIS SUMPARALAMBA/NETAI KAI\ TA\ ME/SA, O(/TI <20PERI\ PA/SHS KINH/SEWS>20 EI)RHKW\S A)NE/MNHSE PERI\ TO/POU KAI\ XRO/NOU: PA=SA GA\R KI/NHSIS E)N TO/PW| KAI\ XRO/NW|. EI) DE\ TO/POU A)NE/MNHSE, DHLONO/TI KAI\ KENOU=: OU)DE\N GA\R A)/LLO E)STI\ KENO/N, EI) MH\ TO/POS E)STERHME/NOS SW/MATOS. EI) DE\ XRO/NOU A)NE/MNHSE, DHLONO/TI KAI\ A)PEI/ROU: DOKEI= GA\R OI(=ON A)/PEIROS EI)=NAI O( XRO/NOS. ZHTH=SAI DE\ A)/CION, TI/ DH/POTE PROSE/QHKE TO\ <20FUSIKH=S.>20 E)NTEU=QEN PEIRW=NTAI/ TINES DEI=CAI, O(/TI OI)=DE KAI\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH\N U(PERFUH= KI/NHSIN, H(\N KAI\ O( *PLA/TWN OI)=DE LE/GWN AU)TOKI/NHTON TH\N YUXH/N. KAI/ FAMEN, O(/TI O( ME\N *PLA/TWN TH\N LOGIKH\N YUXH\N E)/FH AU)TOKI/NHTON, O( D' *)ARISTOTE/LHS FUSIKH\N KI/NHSIN AU)TOKI/NHTON. PLH\N OI( TAU=TA LE/GONTES E)/CW TOU= SKOPOU= BA/LLOUSI KAI\ E)KPI/PTOUSI TH=S *)ARISTOTE/LOUS DIANOI/AS: OU) GA\R DEUTE/RAN LE/GEI EI)=NAI E)KEI/NHN TH\N KI/NHSIN, W(S DE/DEIKTAI E)N TH=| *PERI\ YUXH=S. TI/ OU)=N R(HTE/ON; O(/TI KAI\ AU)TO\S KI/NHSI/N FHSIN U(PERFUH= TH\N TW=N STOIXEI/WN, H(\N EI)RH/KASI KINEI=-SQAI TA\S O(LO/THTAS AU)TW=N E)FIEME/NAS TOU= PE/MPTOU STOIXEI/OU. DIA\ TOU=TO TO\ <20FUSIKH=S.>20 @1 {1<20*)/ETI DE\ PERI\ TW=N KATA\ TH\N A)/NW FORA\N DIAKEKOSMHME/NWN A)/STRWN KAI\ PERI\ TW=N STOIXEI/WN TW=N SWMATIKW=N PO/SA TE KAI\ POI=A.>20}1 @*DIA\ TOU/TWN E)PANA/LHYIN POIEI=TAI TH=S *PERI\ OU)RANOU= PRAGMATEI/AS, A)LLA\ DIA\ ME\N TOU= PRW/TOU R(HSEIDI/OU TW=N DU/O LO/GWN, DIA\ DE\ TOU= DEUTE/ROU TW=N U(POLOI/PWN DU/O. TE/SSARAS GA\R LO/GOUS E)XOU/SHS TH=S *PERI\ OU)RANOU= PRA-GMATEI/AS E)N ME\N TW=| PRW/TW| PERI\ PASW=N TW=N SFAIRW=N DIALE/GETAI, E)N DE\ TW=| DEUTE/RW| PERI\ TW=N E)N TAI=S SFAI/RAIS A)/STRWN. E)N DE\ TW=| TRI/TW| DEI/KNUSI, PO/SA EI)SI\ TA\ STOIXEI=A, A)IDI/OUS TA\S O(LO/THTAS A)PODEIKNU/S: E)XRH=N GA\R E)KEI=SE TOU=TO POIH=SAI, E)PEIDH\ SKOPO\S AU)TW=| E)STI TO\ DEI=CAI A)I/DION TO\N KO/SMON. E)N DE\ TW=| TETA/RTW| LO/GW| PERI\ BARU/THTOS KAI\ KOUFO/THTOS DIALE/GETAI: E)XRH=N GA\R H(MA=S TA\ PERI\ TOU/TWN EI)DE/NAI, O(/PWS MA/QWMEN, POI=ON ME\N TW=N STOI-XEI/WN TH\N A)/NW TA/CIN O)FEI/LEI E)/XEIN, POI=ON DE\ TH\N KA/TW, POI=A DE\ ME/SA. DIA\ ME\N TOU= EI)PEI=N <20PERI\ TW=N KATA\ TH\N A)/NW FORA\N DIAKEKOSMHME/NWN A)/STRWN>20 A)NA/LHYIN TOU= PRW/TOU KAI\ TOU= DEUTE/ROU LO/GOU E)POIH/SATO, DIA\ DE\ TOU= U(POLOI/POU <20KAI\ PERI\ TW=N STOIXEI/WN TW=N SWMATIKW=N PO/SA TE KAI\ POI=A>20 TW=N E)FECH=S DU/O LO/GWN TH=S *PERI\ OU)RANOU= [PERI\ TW=N TRIW=N DIA-LE/GETAI]. EI)/RHTAI GA/R, O(/TI TREI=S A)FW/RISEN PRAGMATEI/AS TH=| PERI\ TW=N STOI-XEI/WN DIDASKALI/A|: TH\N *PERI\ OU)RANOU=, TH\N *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S, TH\N PAROU=SAN PRAGMATEI/AN. KAI\ POU= ME\N W(S A)I/DIA TAU=TA DIDA/SKEI E)N TH=| *PERI\ OU)RANOU=, POU= DE\ W(S GINO/MENA E)N TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S, POU= DE\ W(S PAQAINO/MENA E)N TH=| PAROU/SH| PRAGMATEI/A|. 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PERI\ W(=N, FHSI/, ME/LLW LE/GEIN, E)KEI=NA/ EI)SIN A(/PER SUNI/STANTAI E)N TW=| METARSI/W| KATA\ FU/SIN ME/N, PLH\N O(/MWS A)TAKTO/TERON TOU= PRW/TOU STOIXEI/OU: PRW=TON @1 DE\ STOIXEI=ON LE/GEI TO\ OU)RA/NION. KAI\ SHMEI/WSAI, O(/TI PA/LIN EI) AU)TO\ STOI-XEI=ON KALEI=, TI/ DH/POTE SUGKRITIKH=| E)XRH/SATO FWNH=|: TI/ OU)=N KAI\ TA\ OU)RA/NIA A)TA/KTWS O(/LWS KINOU=NTAI, I(/NA EI)/PWMEN A)TAKTO/TERON AU)TW=N GI/NESQAI TA\ E)N TW=| METARSI/W|. TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; O(/TI TH=| FAINOME/NH| U(PONOI/A| H)KOLOU/QHSEN [1DO-KOU=SI GA\R A)TA/KTWS KINEI=SQAI TA\ OU)RA/NIA DIA\ TOU\S STHRIGMOU\S KAI\ A)NAPO-DISMOU/S. FAI/NONTAI GA\R A)TA/KTWS KINOU/MENOI OI( PLANH=TAI A)/NEU TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ TH=S SELH/NHS]1 H)\ O(/TI SUGKRITIKW=| A)NTI\ A(PLOU= E)XRH/SATO A)RXAI+KW=S. OU(/TWS GA\R KAI\ O( POIHTH/S FHSIN: @@E)/BLAYAS M', E(KA/ERGE, QEW=N O)LOW/TATE PA/NTWN, OU)X O(/TI KAI\ OI( QEOI\ O)LOOI/ EI)SIN, A)LLA\ SUGKRITIKW=| A)NTI\ A(PLOU= E)XRH/SATO. {1<20*PERI\ TO\N GEITNIW=NTA MA/LISTA TO/PON TH=| FORA=| TW=N A)STE/RWN.>20}1 @*TOU=TO/ FHSIN, O(/TI A)TA/KTWS ME\N PA/NTA GI/NONTAI TA\ E)N TW=| METARSI/W|, PLH\N ME/NTOI E)N TOU/TOIS TA\ E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| GINO/MENA KAI\ PLHSI/ON TW=N A)STE/RWN A)TAKTO/TERON DOKOU=SI GI/NESQAI TW=N GINOME/NWN E)N TW=| PERIGEI/W|. DI' H(\N DE\ A)/RA AI)TI/AN TOU=TO/ FHSI; DIA\ TO\N GALACI/AN KAI\ TOU\S KOMH/TAS KAI\ TOU\S DIA/|TTONTAS. TAU=TA GA\R A)TA/KTWS DOKOU=SI GI/NESQAI H)/PER TA\ E)N TW=| PERIGEI/W| O)/NTA I)=RIS KAI\ A(/LWS. KAI\ GA\R O( GALACI/AS DOKEI= A)TA/KTWS GI/NE-SQAI DIA\ TO\ SXH=MA. SUMPAREKTEI/NETAI GA\R TW=| ZW|DIAKW=| A)NWMA/LWS DIA-KEIME/NW|. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ OI( KOMH=TAI, E)PEIDH\ TOU/TWN OI( ME/N EI)SI PWGWNI/AI, OI( DE\ LOGXWTOI/. 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PU=R ME\N OU)=N OU) DUNATO\N EI)=NAI TA\S SFAI/RAS KAI\ TA\ A)/STRA, TO\ DE\ METACU\ MO/NON A)E/RA. H)= GA\R A)\N E)K POLLOU= TO\ O(/LON DIE/-FQARTO KAI\ PU=R MO/NON H)=N, E)PEIDH\ GA\R DEI/KNUTAI E)N A)STRONOMIKOI=S LO/GOIS H( GH= KE/NTROU LO/GON E)PE/XOUSA PRO\S TO\ PA=N. KAI\ TOU=TO DH=LON E)K TW=N %2%2%2 KAI\ E)K TW=N A)KROTA/TWN O)RE/WN DIA\ TO\ U(YHLO\N MEI/ZWN A)\N O( H(/LIOS E)FAI/NETO. EI) OU)=N GH= KE/NTROU LO/GON E)PE/XEI, E)/MELLEN A)\N TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA, EI) PU/-REIA, KAI\ DIA\ TO\ ME/GEQOS KAI\ DIA\ TH\N DU/NAMIN TOU= PURO\S DRASTIKH\N OU)=SAN E)K POLLOU= KATAFLEXQE/NTA FROU=DA GEGENH=SQAI: A)LLA\ MH\N KA)\N PA/NTA A)E/RIA @1 U(POQW/MEQA, A)/TOPO/S E)STIN O( LO/GOS, W(/SPER OU)=N KA)\N EI) MO/NA TA\ A)/STRA PU/REIA, TA\S DE\ SFAI/RAS KAI\ TA\ METACU\ A)E/RIA: E(KATE/RA| GA\R U(POQE/SEI SUN-A/GETAI TO\ A)FA/TWS POLU\ EI)=NAI TO\ A)E/RION STOIXEI=ON, EI)/ GE KAI\ O)LI/GON U(/DWR EI)S A)/FATON A)E/RA A)NALU/ETAI. DO/GMA GA/R E)STI FUSIKO\N TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI W(S E)/XEI TO\ MERIKO\N PRO\S TO\ MERIKO/N, OU(/TW KAI\ H( O(/LH O(LO/THS PRO\S TH\N O(/LHN O(LO/THTA. A)LLA\ MH\N O(RW=MEN, O(/TI PHXUAI=ON U(/DWR EI)S DEKA/PHXUN TUXO\N A)E/RA METABA/LLETAI KAI\ OU)K EI)S A)/FATON: OU)K A)/RA OU)D' H( TOU= A)E/ROS O(LO/THS A)/FATO/S E)STIN. EI) OU)=N MHDEMI/A TOU/TWN TW=N DOCW=N A)LHQH/S, U(POLEI/PETAI TO\ METACU\ PA=N A)E/RA EI)=NAI KAI\ U(PE/KKAUMA KAI\ TO\ PE/MPTON STOIXEI=ON. OU(/TWS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. E)/STI DE\ A)PORH=SAI PRO\S ME\N TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA OU(/TWS: OU)K A)NA/GKH, EI) TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA PU/REIA EI)=NAI U(POQW/MEQA, KATAPEFLE/XQAI TO\ PA=N: I)DOU\ GA\R A)/FATOS A)H\R PERIKEXUME/NOS LUXNIAI/A| FLOGI\ OU) KATASBE/NNUSIN AU)TH/N. TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; O(/TI H( E)PIXEI/RHSIS AU(/TH TW=| *)ARISTOTE/LEI EI)/RHTAI E)PI\ MO/NOU TOU= PURO\S DIA\ TH\N DRASTIKH\N AU)TOU= DU/NAMIN: MO/NON GA\R TOU=TO TW=N A)/LLWN STOIXEI/WN, W(/S FHSI KAI\ *QEO/FRASTOS, TA\ PARAKEI/MENA AU)TW=| E)CISXU/EI O(/MOIA POIH=SAI. LHPTE/ON OU)=N TO\ E)PIXEI/RHMA OU)K E)K MO/NOU TOU= MEGE/QOUS TOU= PURO/S, O(/PER E)/XEI O( A)H/R, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)K TH=S DRASTIKH=S DUNA/MEWS, H(/TIS OU) PRO/SESTIN A)E/RI. DEUTE/RA A)PORI/A: KAI\ KAT' AU)TO\N TO\N A)E/RA E(/PETAI TO\ KATAPEFLE/XQAI E)K POLLOU= TO\ PA=N, EI)/ GE TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA A)FA/TWS PLE/ON TW=N U(POLOI/PWN E)STI/. METABA/LLWN OU)=N O( A)H\R EI)S PU=R EI)S A)FA/TWS POLU\ METABA/LLEI: PA/LIN GA\R KA)NTAU=QA FULAXQH/SETAI O( KANW/N, O(/TI W(S E)/XEI O( MERIKO\S A)H\R PRO\S TO\ MERIKO\N PU=R, OU(/TW KAI\ H( O(LO/THS TOU= A)E/ROS PRO\S TH\N O(LO/THTA TOU= PURO/S. TI/ OU)=N R(HTE/ON; O(/TI EI) KAI\ METABA/LLEI O( A)H\R EI)S PU=R, EI)S POI=ON PU=R; E)/STI GA\R DIAKONIKO/N, E)/STI DE\ KAI\ ZW|OGO/NON. EI) ME\N OU)=N EI)S TO\ ZW|OGO/NON, O(MOLOGOU=MEN, O(/TI EI)S A)FA/TWS POLLAPLA/SION METABA/LLEI, A)LLA\ TOU=TO TO\ ZW|OGO/NON OU) KATAFLE/CEI TO\ PA=N: EI) DE\ EI)S DIAKONIKO/N, OU)KE/TI PAR-E/XOMEN, O(/TI EI)S POLLAPLA/SION METABA/LLEI: PAXUMERE/STERON GA\R TO\ DIAKONI-KO\N PU=R TOU= A)E/ROS, W(S DHLOI= TO\ MH\ DIAFAI/NESQAI TH\N PERI/SXISIN TOU= A)E/ROS E)N TW=| DIABAI/NEIN SW=MA, TH\N DE\ TOU= PURO\S FAI/NESQAI DIA\ TO\ PAXU-MERE\S KAI\ A)NTIBATIKO/N. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. {1<20*PERI\ TO\N KALOU/MENON A)E/RA.>20}1 @<20*KALOU/MENON A)E/RA>20 LE/GEI TO\ METACU\ O(/LON TO\ A)PO\ TH=S GH=S ME/XRI TW=N E)SXA/TWN A)/STRWN. A)LLA\ DIA\ TI/ <20A)E/RA,>20 DIA\ TI/ DE\ <20KALOU/MENON; A)E/RA>20 ME/N, E)PEIDH/ TINES KAI\ TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA W(S A)O/RATON A)E/RA E)NO/MISAN EI)=NAI: <20KA-LOU/MENON>20 DE/, E)PEIDH\ OU) KATA\ A)LH/QEIAN TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA/ E)STIN A)H/R, A)LL' E(/TE-RON STOIXEI=ON, W(S EI)=NAI TE/SSARA TAU=TA SU/MPANTA STOIXEI=A. EI) DE\ PARA/SXOIMEN TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA A)E/RA EI)=NAI, LH/SOMEN E(AUTOU\S TO\ KA/LLISTON TW=N STOIXEI/WN TO\ ZW|OGO/NON, FHMI\ DE\ TO\ PU=R, MHDE\ O(/LWS LE/GONTES EI)=NAI. @1 {1<20*TI/NA TE XRH\ LABEI=N AU)TOU= TH\N FU/SIN E)N TW=| PERIE/XONTI KO/SMW| TH\N GH=N, KAI\ PW=S E)/XEI TA/CIN PRO\S TA\ A)/LLA TA\ LEGO/MENA STOIXEI=A TW=N SWMA/TWN.>20}1 @*TI/ E)STIN E(KA/TERON TOU/TWN, SAFHNI/SWMEN. TO\ ME\N OU)=N METACU\ TOU/TWN TO\ A)PO\ TH=S GH=S ME/XRI TW=N E)SXA/TWN A)/STRWN ZHTHTE/ON, TI/ E)STIN H( FU/SIS AU)TOU=, A)=RA PU=R MO/NON E)STI\N H)\ A)NA/MICIS: KAI\ EI) TOU=TO, O(/TI TA\ ME\N A)/STRA KAI\ AI( SFAI=RAI PU/REIA, TO\ DE\ METACU\ A)E/RIA, O(\ DH\ KAI\ KENO\N E)NOMI/SQH, H)\ TA\ ME\N A)/STRA PU/REIA, AI( DE\ SFAI=RAI KAI\ TO\ METACU\ A)E/RION. OU(/TW TO\ PRW=-TON E)SAFHNI/SQH. TI/ DE/ E)STI TO\ DEU/TERON <20KAI\ PW=S E)/XEI TA/CIN,>20 TOUTE/STI ME/XRI POU= DEI= NOMI/ZEIN TO\N A)E/RA EI)=NAI, A)/RXESQAI DE\ LOIPO\N TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA, KAI\ TOU=TO MAQHSO/MEQA, O(/TI ME/XRI SXEDO\N TH=S A)PLANOU=S SUNEXE/S E)STI TO\ PU/-REION STOIXEI=ON TW=| A)E/RI, PLHSI/ON DE\ GINO/MENON U(PE\R FU/SIN KINEI=TAI KAI\ KU/KLW| FE/RETAI KAI\ E)K POLLH=S KINH/SEWS E)KFLOGOU=TAI. KAI\ TO/TE GI/NETAI TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA OU)KE/TI SUNEXOU=S OU)/SHS TH=S TOU= PURO\S TH=| TOU= A)E/ROS, A)LL' A(PTOME/NHS. {1<20*(O ME\N GA\R DH\ TH=S GH=S PHLI/KOS A)\N EI)/H.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ BOULO/MENOS TH\N KATASKEUH\N POIH/SASQAI E)K TW=N SAFW=N A)/RXETAI OI(=ON A)PO\ GH=S: AU(/TH GA\R KAI\ O(RA=TAI KAI\ KATARIQMEI=TAI. {1<20*)/HDH GA\R W)=PTAI DIA\ TW=N A)STROLOGIKW=N QEWRHMA/TWN.>20}1 @*DE/DEIKTAI GA\R TOU=TO E)N A)STRONOMI/A|, O(/TI O( H(/LIOS TH=S GH=S E(KATONTA-EBDOMHKONTAPLASI/WN E)STI/N. OU)K E)/DEI DE\ EI)PEI=N <20A)STROLOGIKW=N,>20 A)LL' "3A)STRONOMIKW=N"3: H( GA\R A)STRONOMI/A OI)=DE TH\N KI/NHSIN. TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; O(/TI A)RXAI+KW=S E)XRH/SATO: PA/LAI GA\R H( PERI\ OU)RANOU= PRAGMATEI/A KAI\ H( A)STRONOMI/A KAI\ H( A)STROLOGI/A W(S MI/A E)PISTH/MH H)=N, H( ME\N TH\N OU)SI/AN TW=N A)/STRWN DIDA/SKOUSA, H( DE\ TH\N KI/NHSIN, H( DE\ TA\ A)POTELE/SMATA. O( OU)=N *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH\N A)STRONOMI/AN A)STROLOGI/AN E)KA/LESEN, O( DE/ GE *PLA/TWN TH\N FUSIOLOGI/AN A)STRONOMI/AN KALEI= E)N TW=| *TIMAI/W|. {1<20*(/OTI POLU\ KAI\ TW=N A)/STRWN E)NI/WN E)LA/TTWN E)STI/N.>20}1 @*KALW=S TO\ <20E)NI/WN:>20 DE/DEIKTAI GA\R H( GH= TOU= SW/MATOS TH=S SELH/NHS @1 TRIAKONTAENNAPLASI/WS MEI/ZWN OU)=SA: EI) DE\ TOU=TO, E)/XEIS PO/SON H(/LIOS MEI/ZWN TH=S SELH/NHS. POLUPLASI/ASON GA\R TO\N TRIA/KONTA E)NNE/A E)PI\ TO\N KAI\ EU(-RH/SEIS TO\ POSO\N TH=S U(PEROXH=S TOU= H(LI/OU. {1<20*(/UDATOS DE\ FU/SIN SUNESTHKUI=AN KAI\ A)FWRISME/NHN.>20}1 @*XWRI/S, FHSI/, TH=S GH=S OU)X O(RW=MEN, O(/TI E)/STIN U(/DWR: PANTAXO/QEN GA\R PERIKE/XUTAI TH=S GH=S TO\ U(/DWR. EI)=TA I(/NA MH/ TIS A)PORH/SH| PERI\ TOU= KAT-AGOME/NOU E)N TOI=S U(ETOI=S U(/DATOS, TOU/TOU XA/RIN EI)=PEN, O(/TI H)REMOU=N KAI\ PERI-ORIZO/MENON U(/DWR OU)X O(RW=MEN A)/NEU TH=S GH=S: TO\ GA\R E)N TOI=S U(ETOI=S OU)K H)REMEI= SPEU=DON TO\N OI)KEI=ON KAI\ SUGGENH= KATALABEI=N TO/PON. {1<20*OI(=ON TW=N TE FANERW=N, QALA/TTHS KAI\ POTAMW=N.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ EI)=PEN, O(/TI I(/DRUTAI TO\ U(/DWR PERI\ TH\N GH=N, DIAI/RESI/N TINA LE/GEI, O(/TI TO\ ME\N FANERW=S I(/DRUTAI, W(S TO\ E)N QALA/SSAIS KAI\ POTAMOI=S, TO\ DE\ % A)FANE/S, W(S TO\ E)N PHGAI=S, PLH\N EI) KAI\ A)FANW=S TE/WS I(/DRUTAI. {1<20*TO\ DE\ METACU\ TH=S GH=S KAI\ TW=N E)SXA/TWN A)/STRWN.>20}1 @*)ENARGW=S E)NTEU=QEN DEI/KNUSI, PERI\ TI/NWN AU)TW=| PRO/KEITAI ZHTH=SAI. {1<20*(HMI=N ME\N OU)=N EI)/RHTAI PRO/TERON PERI\ TOU= PRW/TOU STOIXEI/OU.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI E)N TH=| *PERI\ OU)RANOU=: E)KEI= GA\R E)ZH/THSE PERI\ TOU= PE/MPTOU SW/MATOS KAI\ E)/DEICE, TI/S H( OU)SI/A KAI\ O(/TI E)K TOU/TOU PA/NTA TA\ OU)RA/NIA SU/G-KEITAI. KAI\ TAU/THN TH\N DO/CAN OU) MO/NON H(MEI=S TUGXA/NOMEN E)/XONTES, O(/TI E)/K TINOS SW/MATOS SUNI/STATAI TA\ OU)RA/NIA, [OU)X H(MEI=S MO/NON EI)RH/KAMEN,] A)LLA\ KAI\ OI( PALAIOI\ PA/NTES TOU=TO SXEDO\N E)NENO/HSAN. KAI\ TOU=TO DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ TO\N OU)RANO\N OU)DENI\ O)NO/MATI TW=N TESSA/RWN STOIXEI/WN PROSHGO/REUSAN, A)LL' AI)QE/RA AU)TO\N E)KA/LESAN. DH=LON OU)=N E)K TOU= O)NO/MATOS, O(/TI E)C A)/LLOU SW/MATOS GEGO/NASI TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA, E)K DE\ TH=S E)TUMOLOGI/AS TOU= O)NO/MATOS A)I/DIA AU)TA\ EI)RH/KASIN: AI)QE/RA GA\R AU)TO\N E)KA/LESAN PARA\ TO\ A)EI\ QEI=N. A)EI\ GA\R KINOU=NTAI TA\ OU)RA/NIA KAI\ KATA\ R(UQMO/N. *)ANACAGO/RAS DE\ E)XRH/SATO ME\N TOU/TW| TW=| O)NO/MATI, PLH\N OU) KALW=S E)TUMOLOGI/A|. AI)QE/RA GA\R AU)TO\N E)/FHSE KALEI=SQAI PARA\ TO\ AI)/QEIN KAI\ KAI/EIN: OU(/TW GA\R AI)/QOPA OI)=NON TO\N ME/LANA @1 KAI\ KAUSTIKO\N LE/GOMEN. OU)K A)PODEKTE/ON OU)=N TH\N TOU/TOU E)TUMOLOGI/AN. EI) OU)=N KAI\ OI( PALAIOI\ E)DO/CASAN E)C A)/LLOU EI)=NAI SW/MATOS KAI\ PRO\ *)ARISTOTE/LOUS, OU) DEI= SEMNU/NESQAI E)F' OI(=S TIS E)CEURI/SKEI. A)PEI/ROU GA\R O)/NTOS TOU= KO/SMOU SUMBAI/NEI POLLOU\S AU)TO\ EI)RHKE/NAI. KAI\ W(/SPER E)STI\ KARPW=N EU)FORI/A KAI\ A)FORI/A, OU(/TW KAI\ YUXW=N. {1<20*(/OSOI DE\ PU=R KAQARO/N FASIN EI)=NAI TO\ PERIE/XON KAI\ MH\ MO/NON TA\ FERO/MENA SW/MATA. TO\ DE\ METACU\ TH=S GH=S KAI\ TW=N A)/STRWN A)E/RA,>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN A)/RXETAI TW=N E)LE/GXWN. KAI\ PRW/THN E)LE/GXEI DO/CAN TH\N LE/-GOUSAN KAI\ TA\S SFAI/RAS KAI\ TA\ A)/STRA PU/REIA EI)=NAI, MO/NON DE\ TO\ METACU\ A)E/RION. TH\N GA\R LE/GOUSAN PA/NTA PU/REIA EI)=NAI W(S LI/AN A)/TOPON PARESIW/PHSEN. {1<20*QEWRH/SANTES A)\N TA\ NU=N DEIKNU/MENA DIA\ TW=N MAQHMA/-TWN I(KANW=S, I)/SWS A)\N E)PAU/SANTO TH=S PAIDIKH=S TAU/THS DO/CHS.>20}1 @*DIA\ TI/ <20I(KANW=S>20 KAI\ DIA\ TI/ <20I)/SWS;>20 H)\ TO\ ME\N <20I(KANW=S>20 EI)/RHTAI E)PI\ TH=S A)PODEI/CEWS, TO\ DE\ <20I)/SWS>20 E)PI\ TOU= PEISQH=NAI. DIO\ DEI= U(POSTI/CAI EI)S TO\ <20I(KANW=S,>20 KAI\ SAFH\S O( LO/GOS. TI/ OU)=N FHSIN; O(/TI E)A\N PROHKOLOU/-QHSAN TAI=S MAQHMATIKAI=S A)PODEI/CESIN OI( LE/GONTES PA/NTA TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/-MATA PU/REIA, E)/MELLON A)\N SUNTO/MWS A)POPAU/ESQAI TOU= NOMI/ZEIN PODIAI=ON TO\N H(/LION KAI\ A(PLW=S TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA SMIKRA\ EI)=NAI: DEI/KNUTAI GA\R H( GH= SHMEI/OU LO/GON E)PE/XOUSA PRO\S E(KA/STHN SFAI=RAN. {1<20*TW=N FEROME/NWN E(/KASTON.>20}1 @<20*FERO/MENA>20 E)KA/LESEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TA\ A)/STRA. {1<20*EI)/RHTAI ME\N OU)=N KAI\ PRW=TON E)N TOI=S PERI\ TW=N A)/NW TO/PWN QEWRH/MASI.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STIN E)N TH=| *PERI\ OU)RANOU=: E)KEI= GA\R E)K TH=S KUKLIKH=S KINH/SEWS DE/DEIXEN, O(/TI OU)K E)/STI PU/REIA TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA KAI\ KAQO/LOU, O(/TI OU)K E)K TW=N TESSA/RWN STOIXEI/WN GEGO/NASIN. {1<20*)ALLA\ MH\N OU)D' A)E/ROS GE MO/NOU.>20}1 @*TH\N DEUTE/RAN U(PO/QESIN E)NTEU=QEN E)LE/GXEI TH\N LE/GOUSAN O(/LON TO\ METACU\ EI)=NAI A)E/RA: SUNAGOME/NOU GA\R TAU/TH| A)/FATON EI)=NAI TO\N A)E/RA E(/PETAI TO\ @1 KAI\ MERIKO\N U(/DWR EI)S A)/FATON A)E/RA A)NALU/ESQAI: A)LLA\ MH\N OU)K A)NALU/ETAI, OU)K A)/RA A)H/R E)STIN O(/LON TO\ METACU/. TOU=TO TO\ AU)TO\ DE\ KAI\ TH=| A)/LLH| U(PO-QE/SEI E(/PETAI TH=| LEGOU/SH| TA\ A)/STRA MO/NON PU/REIA: KAI\ AU)TH=| GA\R E(/PETAI TO\ A)FA/TWS POLU\N EI)=NAI TO\N A)E/RA. OU)KOU=N DH=LON, O(/TI E(/YETAI TO\ A)/TOPON TH=| U(POQE/SEI TAU/TH| E)C A)NA/GKHS PAREPO/MENON. {1<20*KA)\N EI) DU/O STOIXEI/WN PLH/RHS O( METACU\ GH=S TE KAI\ OU)RANOU= TO/POS.>20}1 @*PRO/SQES SU/, O(/TI TO\ AU)TO\ E)PAKOLOUQH/SEI A)/TOPON. {1<20*OU)DE\N GA\R W(S EI)PEI=N MO/RIO/N E)STIN O( TH=S GH=S O)/GKOS.>20}1 @*PARABALLO/MENOS DHLONO/TI PRO\S A)E/RA. GH=S DE\ EI)KO/TWS MO/NHS E)MNH-MO/NEUSE, DIO/TI TO\ U(/DWR TAU/TH| PARAKE/XUTAI A)NAPLHROU=N TA\ KOILW/MATA, W(S LOIPO\N TW=N DU/O STOIXEI/WN GI/NESQAI MI/AN SFAI=RAN. {1<20*)ANA/GKH DE\ TO\N AU)TO\N LO/GON E)/XEIN.>20}1 @*DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN; E)PEIDH\ W(S E)/XEI TO\ MERIKO\N PRO\S TO\ MERIKO/N, OU(/TW KAI\ H( O(LO/THS PRO\S TH\N O(LO/THTA. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*DIAFE/REI GA\R OU)DE/N, OU)DE\ EI)/ TIS FH/SEI ME\N TAU=TA MH\ GI/NESQAI E)C A)LLH/LWN.>20}1 @*(H META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS DU/O TINA\ PROBLH/MATA PERI\ TH=S O(LO/THTOS TOU= PURO\S PARADI/DWSIN: E(\N ME/N, EI) O(/LWS E)STI/N, E(/TERON DE/, EI) KAI\ E)/STI, ME/XRI TI/NOS: KATA\ DU/O GA\R A)MFI/BOLA E)POI/HSE TO\ MH\ O(RA=SQAI TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA. PRO\ DE\ TW=N DU/O PROBLHMA/TWN A)PORI/AN TINA\ PROBA/LLETAI KAI\ TH=S A)PORI/AS LE/GEI TE/SSARAS YEUDEI=S E)PILU/SEIS KAI\ DIELE/GXEI AU)TA/S: KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON TH\N A)LHQH= E)PA/GEI E)PI/LUSIN. TH\N DE\ A)PORI/AN PROLAMBA/NEI, DIO/TI H( E)PI/LUSIS TH=S A)PORI/AS TW=N DU/O PROBLHMA/TWN E)STI\ KATASKEUASTIKH/. E)/STI D' H( A)PORI/A TOIAU/TH: TI/ DH/POTE E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI OU) SUNI/STANTAI NE/FH; KAI/TOI MA=LLON E)/DEI SUNI/STASQAI, DIO/TI YUXRO/TERO/S E)STIN O( A)PO/GEIOS A)H/R. DIA\ TI/ DE\ MAQHSO/MEQA, O(/TI OU) SUNI/STANTAI NE/FH E)KEI=SE, DHLOI= H( I(STORI/A. FHSI\ GA\R O( *)ALE/CANDROS, O(/TI E)N *KULLH/NH| O)/ROS U(YHLO/TATON, E)N W(=| E)GI/NONTO QU- @1SI/AI, KAI\ E)N AU)TH=| TH=| TE/FRA| E)/GRAFON GRA/MMATA: KAI\ TAU=TA E)/MENON MH\ E)CALEIFO/MENA O(/LON TO\N E)NIAUTO/N, E)PEIDH\ OU)D' A)/NEMOS EI)S AU)TO\ KATE/PNEEN. A)/NWQEN GA\R TOU= O)/ROUS OU)DE\ A)TMI\S OU)DE\ U(GRO/THS GI/NETAI, KA/TW DE\ E)N TW=| PERIGEI/W| A)E/RI SUNI/STATAI NE/FOS. AU(/TH ME\N H( A)PORI/A. KAI\ MH\ LE/GWSI/ TINES, O(/TI E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI DIA\ TOU=TO OU) SUNI/STATAI NE/FH, DIO/TI TA\ A)/STRA PU/REIA O)/NTA KATA\ TO\N *(HRA/KLEITON H)\ QERMOPOIA\ KATA\ *)ARISTOTE/LHN E)KEI=NON TO\N A)E/RA, O(\S A)\N MA=LLON AU)TOI=S E)GGI/ZEI, PLHSIA/ZONTA E)KQERMAI/NOUSI KAI\ OU) SUGXWROU=SI SUSTH=NAI NE/FOS. OU) GA\R TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, DIO/TI MH\ O)/NTOS U(PEKKAU/MATOS KAT' AU)TOU\S OU)K E)/STI POLLH\ H( DIAFORA\ TW=N DIASTHMA/TWN E)K TOU= A)POGEI/OU A)E/ROS ME/XRI TW=N A)/STRWN KAI\ E)K TOU= PERIGEI/OU ME/XRI TW=N A)/STRWN. MHDE\ PA/LIN TINE\S LEGO/NTWN, O(/TI AI( TOU= H(LI/OU A)KTI=NES PARATRIBO/-MENAI PRO\S TO\N A)E/RA KAI\ PA/LIN FERO/MENAI W(S PRO\S TA\S SFAI/RAS MA=LLON E)KQERMAI/NOUSI TO\N A)PO/GEION A)E/RA, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU) SUNI/STANTAI NE/FH E)N AU)TW=|. A)/TOPON GA\R TOU=TO: TO\ GA\R E)NANTI/ON AI( A)KTI=NES MA=LLON E)KQERMAI/NOUSI TO\N PERI/GEION A)E/RA, DIO/TI W(S EI)S KE/NTRON E)KEI=SE SUNERXO/MENAI STENOU=NTAI KAI\ MA=LLON A)LLH/LWN E)FA/PTONTAI: E)N DE\ TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI W(S DIISTA/MENAI KAI\ PERI\ PLEI/STWN DIAKRINO/MENAI OU)X OU(/TWS E)KQERMAI/NOUSI. MHDE\ PA/LIN LEGE/TWSA/N TINES, O(/TI TOU= A)E/ROS PE/FUKEN O( ME\N PERI/GEIOS EI)S U(/DWR META-BA/LLEIN, O( DE\ A)PO/GEIOS OU)KE/TI: DIA\ TOU=TO POU= ME\N SUNI/STATAI NE/FH, POU= DE\ OU)/: A)POKLHRWTIKO\N GA/R E)STI TO\ TOIOU=TON. MHDE\ PA/LIN TINE\S LEGE/TWSAN, W(S O(/LOS ME\N O( A)H\R PE/FUKE METABA/LLEIN EI)S U(/DWR, A)LL' OU)X O(MOI/WS: O( ME\N GA\R PERI/GEIOS R(A|DI/WS, DUSXERW=S DE\ O( A)PO/GEIOS. TOU/TOU DE\ AI)/TION TO\ TO\N ME\N PERI/GEION A)TMI/DA E)/XEIN POLLH/N, TO\N DE\ A)PO/GEION MH\ E)/XEIN. A)/TOPOS GA\R OU(=TOS O( LO/GOS: EU(REQH/SETAI GA\R TO\ U(/DWR A)PEI/RW| MEGE/QEI DIALLA/TTON TH=S GH=S, EI) ME/XRI TOU= A)POGEI/OU A)E/ROS U(POQW/MEQA TO\ U(/DWR [1OU)DE\N GA\R A)/LLO E)STI\ LE/GEIN A)TMI/DA H)\ U(/DWR, H( GA\R A)TMI\S OI(=ON U(/DWR]1, O(/PER A)/TOPON. OU)KE/TI GA\R E)KEI=NOS FULA/TTETAI O( KANW/N, O(/TI W(S E)/XEI TO\ MERIKO\N PRO\S TO\ MERIKO/N, OU(/TW KAI\ H( O(LO/THS PRO\S TH\N O(LO/THTA: OU) GA\R EI)S A)/PEI-RON U(/DWR O)LI/GH GH= METABA/LLEI, O(/PER E)/DEI DIA\ TH\N TW=N TAU=TA LEGO/NTWN DO/CAN. AU(=TAI ME\N AI( YEUDEI=S E)PILU/SEIS. META\ TAU=TA OI(ONEI\ PROKAQARQEI=SIN E)PA/GEI TH\N A)LHQH= DO/CAN OU)=SAN TOIAU/THN, O(/TI TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA/ E)STIN, O(/PER AI)/TION GI/NETAI TOU= MH\ SUNI/STASQAI E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI NE/FH. E)PEIDH\ GA\R QERMO/N E)STI, TOU=TO PA/NU E)KQERMAI/NEI TO\N PLHSI/ON A)E/RA MA=LLON H)/PER TO\N PO/RRW, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO MH\ OU)/SHS E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| YU/CEWS TH=S PUKNOU/SHS OU) GI/NETAI NE/FH: E)/STIN OU)=N TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA. KAI\ E)/XEIS TO\ PRW=TON PRO/BLHMA. LOIPO\N ZHTHTE/ON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON, ME/XRI TI/NOS E)STI/N: A)/NW ME\N ME/XRI TW=N @1 SFAIRW=N, KA/TW DE\ H)\ ME/XRI TW=N SELHNAI/WN O(/RWN H)\ A)NWTE/RW MIKRO/N, O(/PER KAI\ A)LHQE/STERON: O(/SON GA\R E)PI\ TW=| PROEIRHME/NW| OU)DAMOU= E)/STAI O( A)PO/-GEIOS A)H/R. PLH\N H( LE/CIS A)/MFW FAI/NETAI LE/GOUSA, KAI\ TOU=TO E)PISTH/SOMEN. EI)/RHTAI OU)=N KAI\ ME/XRI TI/NOS E)STI/N. E)N OU)=N TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI DIA\ TH\N A)PO\ TOU= U(PEKKAU/MATOS GINOME/NHN QERMASI/AN OU) SUNI/STANTAI NE/FH. A)LL' I)/SWS TIS A)POREI=, KAI\ TI/ DH/POTE TOU)NANTI/ON E)STI/, KAI\ O( ME\N PERI/GEIOS A)H\R QER-MO/TEROS, POLLH\ DE\ YU/CIS E)STI\N E)N TOI=S U(YHLOTA/TOIS O)/RESIN, W(S A)\N TOU= A)PO-GEI/OU YUXROTA/TOU O)/NTOS. TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; O(/TI O( PERI/GEIOS A)H\R DIA\ TH\N PARA/-TRIYIN TH\N A)PO\ TW=N A)KTI/NWN SFO/DRA E)STI QERMO/TATOS KAI\ QERMO\S KAUSTIKH=| MA=LLON QERMASI/A|, O( DE\ A)PO/GEIOS QERMO/S E)STI MA=LLON ZW|OGO/NW| QERMW=|. EI)PE\ DE\ KAI\ A)/LLHN AI)TI/AN, DI' H(\N OU) GI/NONTAI NE/FH E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W|, E)PEIDH\ OU) FQA/NEI ME/XRI TW=N E)KEI=SE H( A)TMI/S. OI(=ON GA\R BA/ROS TO\ PNEU=MA TO\ A)E/RION TH\N U(GRO/THTA E)N TW=| A)TMW=| A)NOXOU=N FE/RETAI ME/XRI TOU= PERIGEI/OU, KAI\ MH\ E)CISXU=ON A)POLU/EI AU)TH\N KAI\ PI/PTEI KA/TW. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N OU)DE\ TO\ U(LIKO\N AI)/TION, FHMI\ DE\ H( U(DATW/DHS OU)SI/A, OU)DE\ TO\ POIHTIKO/N, FHMI\ DE\ H( YU/CIS, PA/RESTIN E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W|, DIA\ TOU=TO OU) SUNI/STATAI E)N TOU/TW| NE/FH. EI)PE\ DE\ KAI\ A)/LLHN AI)TI/AN, O(/TI OU) SUNI/STATAI NE/FH A)/NW, E)PEIDH\ A)PO/GEIOS A)H\R A)EI\ R(E/EI KAI\ KINEI=TAI SUMPERIFERO/MENOS TH=| KINH/SEI TOU= PANTO/S. XREI/AN DE\ E)/XEI TO\ NE/FOS H)REMI/AS, I(/NA H( PH=CIS GE/NHTAI. DIO\ E)PEIDH\ KU/KLW| KINEI=TAI O( A)PO/GEIOS A)H/R, OU)DE\ A)/NEMOI E)N AU)TW=| GI/NONTAI: E)PIRRAPI/-ZETAI GA\R AU)TW=N H( KI/NHSIS LOCW=S GINOME/NH E)K TH=S KINH/SEWS TOU= PANTO\S KU/KLW| GINOME/NHS. OU) GA\R AI)TI/A H( KU/KLW| KI/NHSIS TH=S KINH/SEWS TW=N A)NE/-MWN: H)= GA\R A)\N PA/NTES A)PHLIW=TAI H)=SAN KU/KLW| FERO/MENOI. LOCH\ DE/ E)STI PA/NTWN H( KI/NHSIS PLH\N A)PHLIW/TOU: OU(=TOS GA\R A)PO\ A)NATOLW=N E)PI\ DUSMA\S FE/RETAI. A)LL' I)/SWS A)PORH/SEI TIS, DIA\ TI/ MH\ KAI\ O( PERI/GEIOS A)H\R SUM-PERIFE/RETAI TW=| PANTI/. PRO\S OU(\S R(HTE/ON, O(/TI KWLU/EI AU)TO\N TA\ A)/NTRA KAI\ TA\ KOILW/MATA TH=S GH=S. SUNELO/NTI OU)=N FA/NAI OU)/TE E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI SUNI/STANTAI NE/FH OU)/TE EI)S TO\ KA/TW ME/ROS TOU= PERIGEI/OU: TW=| ME\N DIA\ TO\ MH\ PAREI=NAI TO\ POIHTIKO\N KAI\ U(LIKO\N AI)/TION, TOUTE/STI TH\N A)TMI/DA KAI\ TH\N YU/CIN, A)LLA\ KAI\ A)EI\ KI/NHSIN SFODROTA/THN EI)=NAI E)N AU)TW=|: TW=| DE\ DIA\ TO\ MH\ PAREI=NAI TO\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION, FHMI\ DE\ TH\N YU/CIN. POLLH\ GA/R E)STIN H( QER-MO/THS PERI\ TO\N PERI/GEION DIA\ TO\ E)KEI=SE SUMBA/LLEIN TA\S A)KTI=NAS. TAU=TA DIA\ TOU/TWN PARADI/DWSIN *)ARISTOTE/LHS. @1 {1<20*DIAFE/REI GA\R OU)DE/N, OU)DE\ EI)/ TIS FH/SEI ME\N MH\ GI/NESQAI @TAU=TA E)C A)LLH/LWN, I)/SA ME/NTOI TH\N DU/NAMIN EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*TAU=TA FI/LH A)LH/QEIA TH=S PROLABOU/SHS E)STI\ PRA/CEWS. TI/ DE\ A)/RA E)/FH TH=| PROTERAI/A|; O(/TI O(\N LO/GON E)/XEI TO\ MERIKO\N U(/DWR PRO\S TH\N MERIKH\N GH=N, TO\N AU)TO\N LO/GON E)/XEI KAI\ H( O(LO/THS PRO\S TH\N O(LO/THTA: O(MOI/WS KAI\ E)PI\ A)E/ROS KAI\ PURO/S, KAI\ A)NA/GKH, FHSI/N, O)LI/GHN GH=N EI)S POLU\ U(/DWR A)NALU/ESQAI. I(/NA MH/ TIS AU)TW=| A)PORH/SH| LE/GWN, O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE\S KATA/ SE METABLHTA\ EI)=NAI LE/GONTA TA\ STOIXEI=A, E)PEI\ KATA\ TO\N *)EMPEDOKLE/A A)META/-BLHTA U(POTIQE/MENON OU)K E)/XEI XW/RAN O( LO/GOS, DIA\ TOU=TO/ FHSIN, O(/TI KA)\N A)META/BLHTA U(PO/QH|, OU)DE\N DIAFE/REI. DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN; E)PEIDH\ OU) MO/NON A)META/-BLHTA A)LLA\ KAI\ I)/SA *)EMPEDOKLH=S E)/LEGEN EI)=NAI TA\ STOIXEI=A. EI) DE\ I)/SA, TI/ DH/POTE O(RW=MEN E)C O)LI/GOU U(/DATOS POLU\N A)E/RA GINO/MENON H)\ E)C O)LI/GHS GH=S POLU\ U(/DWR; A)/TOPON GA\R I)/SWN O)/NTWN TW=N STOIXEI/WN MH\ EI)S I)/SON ME/GEQOS GI/NESQAI TH\N A)NA/LUSIN AU)TW=N. A)NAIREI= OU)=N O( *)EMPEDOKLH=S AU)TO\S E(AUTO/N: EI) GA\R A)META/BLHTA, PW=S I)/SA, KAI\ EI) I)/SA, PW=S A)META/BLHTA; {1<20*KATA\ ME\N OU)=N TOU=TON TO\N TRO/PON A)NA/GKH TH\N I)SO/THTA TH=S DUNA/MEWS U(PA/RXEIN TOI=S MEGE/QESIN AU)TW=N, W(/SPER KAI\ GIGNO/-MENA E)C A)LLH/LWN U(PH=RCEN.>20}1 @*EI) A)META/BLHTA, FHSI/N, U(POQW/MEQA TA\ STOIXEI=A, E)XRH=N PRO\S TO\ I)/SON ME/GEQOS I)/SHN EI)=NAI KAI\ TH\N DU/NAMIN. KAI\ TI/ DH/POTE O)LI/GON U(/DWR POLU\S GI/NETAI A)H/R, EI) MH\ O(/TI SUNH=KTAI ME\N POLLH\ POIO/THS E)N O)LI/GW| E)PI\ TOU= U(/DATOS, E)CH/PLWTAI DE\ E)PI\ TOU= A)E/ROS; {1<20*(/OTI ME\N OU)=N OU(/TWS A)H\R SUMPEPLH/RWKE>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*KALW=S DE\ SUMPE/RASMA: TOU=TO GA\R H)=N TO\ ZHTOU/MENON, EI) A)H/R E)STI TO\ METACU/. {1<20*LOIPO\N DE\ DIAPORH/SANTAS EI)PEI=N, PW=S TE/TAKTAI PRO\S TH\N TOU= PRW/TOU SW/MATOS QE/SIN.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN E)QEWRH/SAMEN. I)STE/ON DE/, O(/TI PROTI/QETAI PERI\ W(=N EI)RH/KAMEN EI)PEI=N, A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ PERI\ W(=N E)N TH=| E)FECH=S ME/LLEI LE/GEIN PRA/CEI. PRO/-TERON GA/R, FHSI/, DEI= A)PORH=SAI PERI\ TW=N NEFW=N, KAI\ DIA\ TI/ E)N TW=| A)PO-GEI/W| OU) SUNI/STANTAI, KAI\ EI)=Q' OU(/TWS ZHTH=SAI PERI\ TW=N DU/O, PURO/S FHMI @1 KAI\ A)E/ROS, O(/PWS EI)SI\ TETAGME/NA PRO\S A)/LLHLA, KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON ZHTH=SAI, PW=S H( QERMASI/A GI/NETAI E)N TH=| GH=| A)PO\ TW=N A)/STRWN. TOU/TWN DE\ TW=N TRIW=N TA\ ME\N DU/O H( PAROU=SA E)KDIDA/SKEI QEWRI/A, TO\ D' E(/TERON E)FECH=S DIDA/CEI. {1<20*PERI\ A)E/ROS OU)=N EI)PO/NTES PRO/TERON.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STIN A)PORH/SANTES PERI\ AU)TOU=, DIA\ TI/ E)N TW=|DE ME\N SUNI/STATAI NE/FH, E)N TW=|DE DE\ OU) SUNI/STATAI. {1<20*)EPEIDH\ GI/NETAI U(/DWR E)C A)E/ROS,>20 KAI\ TA\ LOIPA/.}1 @*)/ARXETAI E)NTEU=QEN TH=S A)PORI/AS. {1<20*KATA\ TO\N A)NW/TATON TO/PON.>20}1 @<20*)ANW/TATON>20 KALEI= <20TO/PON>20 TO\N A)PO/GEION A)E/RA. {1<20*PROSH/KEI GA\R MA=LLON O(/SW| PORRW/TEROS O( TO/POS TH=S GH=S KAI\ YUXRO/TEROS.>20}1 @*(H PRW/TH YEUDH\S E)PI/LUSIS, O(/TI PROSH/KEI MA=LLON E)N TW=| PERIGEI/W| A)E/RI GI/NESQAI TA\ NE/FH H)/PER E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W|, E)PEIDH\ O( PERI/GEIOS A)H\R YU-XRO/S E)STI, DIO/TI PORRWTE/RW E)STI\ TW=N A)/STRWN QERMW=N O)/NTWN KAI\ OU) PLH-SI/ON W(S O( A)PO/GEIOS. PLH\N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS W(S BRAXULO/GOS OU) DIELE/GXEI TAU/THN W(S A)/TOPON KAI\ H)/DH E)LEGXQEI=SAN A)NWTE/RW, O(/TAN E)K PE/MPTOU SW/MA-TOS E)DEI/CAMEN TA\ A)/STRA, KAI\ E)N TH=| *PERI\ OU)RANOU=. {1<20*MH/TE TW=N A)PO\ TH=S GH=S A)NAKLWME/NWN A)KTI/NWN KWLU-OUSW=N PLHSI/ON TH=S GH=S SUNI/STASQAI, DIAKRINOUSW=N TH=| QERMO/-THTI TA\S SUSTA/SEIS: GI/NONTAI AI( TW=N NEFW=N A)QROI/SEIS, OU(= LH/GOU-SIN H)/DH DIA\ TO\ SXI/ZESQAI EI)S A)XANE/S.>20}1 @*(H DEUTE/RA YEUDH\S E)PI/LUSIS. U(PO\ DE\ POLLH=S SUNTOMI/AS O( *)ARISTO-TE/LHS TH\N A)NATROPH\N LE/GEI TH=S E)PILU/SEWS KAI\ OU)K EI)=PE TH\N E)PI/LUSIN O(/LWS. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI OU)DE\ AI( A)KTI=NES KWLU/OUSI GI/NESQAI E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI NE/FH: MA=LLON GA\R W(S DIA\ TAU/TAS E)/DEI E)KEI= GENE/SQAI H)/PER E)N TW=| PERI-GEI/W|, DIO/TI PLHSI/ON TH=S GH=S MA=LLON PARATRI/BONTAI H)/PER E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W|. @1 E)XRH=N DE\ O(/POU LH/GOUSIN AI( A)KTI=NES GI/NESQAI NE/FH DIA\ TO\ EI)S A)XANE\S AU)TA\S KATANTA=N H)/PER O(/POU PARATRI/BONTAI DIA\ TO\ EI)S KE/NTRON SUNA/GESQAI. {1<20*)\H OU)=N OU)K E)C A(/PANTOS A)E/ROS PE/FUKE GI/NESQAI.>20}1 @*(H TRI/TH YEUDH\S E)PI/LUSIS, O(/TI OU) PA=S A)H\R EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLEI. A)LLA\ TAU/THN W(S PA/NU A)/TOPON OU)K A)/CION LU=SAI: A)POKLHRWTIKO\N GA/R E)STI TO\ OU(/TW LE/GEIN. {1<20*)\H EI) O(MOI/WS E)C A(/PANTOS, PERI\ TH\N GH=N OU) MO/NON A)H/R @E)STIN, A)LL' OI(=ON A)TMI/S, DIO\ PA/LIN SUNI/STATAI EI)S U(/DWR.>20}1 @*(H TETA/RTH LU/SIS, O(/TI PA=S ME\N A)H\R METABA/LLEI, PLH\N W(S A)TMIDW/DHS O( PERI/GEIOS I)/SXEI SUNISTA/MENA NE/FH. {1<20*)ALLA\ MH\N EI) TOIOU=TOS W)\N O( A)H/R.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN A)NATROPH\ TH=S TETA/RTHS LU/SEWS. EI) GA\R O( A)H\R A)TMIDW/DHS E)STI/N, A)H\R DE\ O( PERI/GEIOS, A)FA/TW| ME/TRW| U(PERE/CEI TO\ U(/DWR KAI\ O( A)H\R TH\N GH=N TOU= METACU\ O(/LOU TOU= TOIOU/TOU O)/NTOS: OU)DE\ GA\R PU=R DU/NATAI MO/NON EI)=NAI, W(S H)/DH DE/DEIKTAI. {1<20*KAI\ GA\R PURO\S ME\N A)DU/NATON.>20}1 @*PRO/SQES "3MO/NOU"3, E)PEI/, W(S ME/LLEI EI)PEI=N, KAI\ PURO\S METE/XEI TOU= U(PEKKAU/MATOS O( METACU\ TO/POS, W(S E)N TH=| A)LHQEI= E)PILU/SEI EI)/RHTAI. {1<20*LEI/PETAI DE\ A)E/ROS KAI\ TOU= PERI\ TH\N GH=N A(/PASAN U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*KALW=S EI)=PE <20KAI\ TOU= PERI\ TH\N GH=N,>20 DIO/TI TO\ U(/DWR, I(/NA MI/AN SFAI=-RAN A)POTELE/SH|, PLHROI= TA\ KOILW/MATA TH=S GH=S KAI\ PERI\ AU)TH/N E)STI: PLH\N A)STRONO/MOI ME\N E)K TW=N DU/O FASI\ GI/NESQAI TH\N SFAI=RAN, *)ARISTOTELIKO\S DE\ A)NH\R FAI/H A)\N KAI\ E)K TOU= PERIGEI/OU A)E/ROS. XRH\ GA\R MH\ MO/NON TA\ KOILW/-MATA A)NAPLHROU=SQAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ TA\S E)COXA\S E)COMALI/ZESQAI: KAI\ KOILO/THS GA\R KAI\ H( E)COXH\ FQARTIKA/ EI)SI TOU= KUKLIKOU= SXH/MATOS. A)LL' EI) PERIE/-XETAI E)N TH=| GH=| TO\ U(/DWR, PW=S FAMEN AU)TO\ PLEI=ON EI)=NAI; A)EI\ GA\R E)P' E)/LATTON TO\ PERIEXO/MENON TOU= PERIE/XONTOS. FAME\N DE\ H(MEI=S, O(/TI TO\ U(/DWR KAI\ PERIE/XETAI KAI\ PERIE/XEI. PERIE/XEI ME/N, E)A\N W(S PRO\S TO\ KE/NTRON A)F-ORW=MEN: E)/CWQEN GA/R E)STI TOU= KE/NTROU TO\ U(/DWR KAI\ PERIE/XEI AU)TO\ TO\ @1 KE/NTRON, TOUTE/STI TO\ MESAI/TATON TH=S GH=S. PERIE/XETAI DE/, E)PEIDH\ E)N KOILO/-THTI/ TINI SUNI/STATAI: EI) GA\R LE/GETAI O( *)WKEANO\S E)MPERIE/XEIN TH\N GH=N KAI\ KUKLOU=N AU)TH/N, OI)=MAI DIA\ TH\N A)TMI/DA TOU=TO LE/GESQAI. TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; O(/TI OU) DIA\ TO\ PERIE/XESQAI XREI/AN E)/XEI TO\ U(/DWR TH=S GH=S, A)LL' OI(=ON SFAIRIKO\N O)\N PERI/ TI ME\N O)\N KE/NTRON TH\N GH=N FE/RETAI KAI\ U(PERE/XEI TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN AU)TH=S. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, DHLOI= TO\ GINO/MENON E)N TAI=S TRAPE/ZAIS H)\ FU/LLW| U(/DATOS E)GXEOME/NOU KAI\ E)PANA/STHMA POIOU=NTOS. {1<20*(HMEI=S DE\ LE/GOMEN.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN A)/RXETAI TH=S E)PILU/SEWS. {1<20*TO\ ME\N GA\R A)/NW KAI\ ME/XRI TH=S SELH/NHS E(/TERON EI)=NAI SW=MA/ FAMEN PURO/S TE KAI\ A)E/ROS.>20}1 @*)/ANW SW=MA LE/GETAI TO\ OU)RA/NION. TOU=TO GA\R DE/DEIKTAI E)C E(TE/ROU TINO\S SW/MATOS U(PA/RXON. {1<20*)ALL' E)N AU)TW=| GE TO\ ME\N KAQARW/TATON EI)=NAI, TO\ DE\ H(=TTON EI)LIKRINE/S.>20}1 @*TO\ GA\R TOU= H(LI/OU KAQARW/TERON, TO\ DE\ TH=S SELH/NHS R(UPARW/TERON. DIO\ KAI\ A)NQRAKW/DHS FAI/NETAI H( SELH/NH. AI)/TION DE\ TOU/TOU TO\ PLHSIA/ZEIN H)\ A)FESTA/NAI TOU= U(PEKKAU/MATOS, PLH\N OU)X, W(S A)/N TIS OI)HQEI/H, H( SELH/NH E)PIMICI/A| TW=N E)NU/LWN STOIXEI/WN R(UPARWTE/RA GI/NETAI. KALW=S GA\R TOU=TO DIH/|THSEN O( *)ALE/CANDROS, O(/TI W(/SPER TO\ PU=R H(=TTON LE/GETAI EI)=NAI TH=S GH=S CHRO/TERON, OU) TH=| E)PIMICI/A| TOU= U(GROU=, TOU= E)NANTI/OU TW=| CHRW=|, KAI\ W(/SPER TO\ U(/DWR LE/GETAI H(=TTON U(GRO\N EI)=NAI TOU= A)E/ROS, OU)X O(/TI A)H\R E)PIMICI/AN E)DE/-CATO TOU= U(GROU=, OU(/TWS KAI\ H( SELH/NH EI) KAI\ PLHSI/ON E)STI\ TW=N U(LIKW=N TOU/-TWN STOIXEI/WN, LE/GETAI EI)=NAI R(UPARWTE/RA OU) TH=| E)PIMICI/A| TOU/TWN, A)LLA\ DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI DIAFORA\N TOU= SW/MATOS KAI\ TO\ ME\N AU)TOU= EI)=NAI KAQARW/TERON, TO\ DE\ R(UPARW/TERON. {1<20*FEROME/NOU DE\ TOU= PRW/TOU STOIXEI/OU KU/KLW|.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI TW=N OU)RANI/WN SWMA/TWN KU/KLW| FEROME/NWN SUGKINEI=TAI AU)TOI=S O( A)H\R KAI\ E)KPUROU=TAI KAI\ POIEI= TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA. @1 {1<20*DEI= DE\ NOEI=N KAI\ OU(/TWS A)RCAME/NOUS>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*)APO\ TOU= PE/MPTOU STOIXEI/OU BADI/SAS E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW KAI\ DEI/CAS TO\ U(P-E/KKAUMA NU=N A)PO\ TW=N KA/TW XWREI= KAI\ DEI/KNUSI TO\ AU)TO/. {1<20*TO\ GA\R U(PO\ TH\N A)/NW FORA\N TOU/TWN.>20}1 @*(O A)H\R O( META\ TO\N PERI/GEION A)E/RA E)PEIDH\ DUNA/MEI KAI\ QERMO/S E)STI KAI\ YUXRO\S KAI\ CHRO\S KAI\ U(GRO/S, DIA\ TOU=TO KINOU/MENOS GI/NETAI U(PE/KKAUMA: PE/FUKE GA\R KI/NHSIS E)KQERMAI/NEIN. {1<20*KAI\ O(/SA A(/MA TOU/TOIS A)KOLOUQEI= PA=SIN.>20}1 @*(/INA EI)/PH| TA\S DU/O POIO/THTAS, KOUFO/THTA BARU/THTA, LEIO/THTA TRAXU/-THTA KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. AU(=TAI GA\R PA=SAI E)DEI/XQHSAN E)N TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S GINO/MENAI U(PO\ TW=N PRW/TWN POIOTH/TWN. {1<20*KAI\ GI/NETAI TOIAU/TH KAI\ E)/STIN U(PO\ KINH/SEW/S TE KAI\ A)KINHSI/AS.>20}1 @*)/ESTI ME\N U(PO\ TH=S H(SUXI/AS, GI/NETAI DE\ U(PO\ TH=S KINH/SEWS, KAI\ H( ME\N H)REMI/A FULA/TTEI AU)TH\N W(S E)/STIN, H( DE\ KI/NHSIS METALLA/SSEI. {1<20*)EPI\ ME\N OU)=N TOU= ME/SOU KAI\ PERI\ TO\ ME/SON TO\ BARU/TA-TO/N E)STI KAI\ YUXRO/TATON.>20}1 @<20*ME/SON>20 KAI\ <20BARU/TATON>20 EI)=PE TH\N GH=N, <20PERI\ TO\ ME/SON>20 DE\ KAI\ <20YU-XRO/TATON>20 EI)=PE TO\N A)E/RA. {1<20*)ALLA\ DEI= NOH=SAI TOU= LEGOME/NOU U(F' H(MW=N A)E/ROS.>20}1 @*TOU= KALOUME/NOU, FHSI/N, E)C H(MW=N A)E/ROS TO\ ME\N PERI\ TH\N GH=N A)TMI-DW=DE/S E)STIN, O(/PER QERMO/N E)STI KAI\ U(GRO/N, TO\ DE\ A)NWTE/RW A)NAQUMI/ASI/S E)STIN, OU)X O(/TI KAI\ O( A)TMO\S OU)K E)/STIN A)NAQUMI/ASIS, A)LL' O(/TI KURI/WS H(\ KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS KALEI=TAI, AU(/TH QERMH/ E)STI KAI\ CHRA/. @1 {1<20*TOU= ME\N OU)=N E)N TW=| A)NWTE/RW| TO/PW|.>20}1 @*TO\ SUMPE/RASMA, O(/TI DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI U(PE/KKAUMA OU) SUNI/STATAI E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI NE/FH. {1<20*OU)DE\N DE\ KWLU/EI KAI\ DIA\ TH\N KU/KLW| FORA/N.>20}1 @*(H A)/LLH AI)TI/A, O(/TI DIA\ TH\N KI/NHSIN OU) SUNI/STATAI E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI NE/FH. O(/LWS GA\R O( A)H\R SUGKINEI=TAI TW=| PANTI\ PLH\N TOU= PERIGEI/OU: OU(=TOS GA/R E)STIN O( POIW=N META\ TH=S GH=S SFAI=RAN. KAI\ SHMEI/WSAI, O(/TI NU=N ME\N TO\ A)PO\ TOU= PERIGEI/OU LE/GEI SUGKINEI=SQAI TW=| PANTI/, *DIOKLH=S DE\ EI)=PEN, O(/TI OU)DE\ A)/NEMOI GI/NONTAI OU)DE\ NE/FH E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| DIA\ TH\N E)KPU/RWSIN KAI\ DIA\ TH\N KI/NHSIN. PARAKATIW\N DE\ E)/XEI EI)PEI=N MH\ ME/XRI TOU= A)POGEI/OU GI/NE-SQAI TH\N E)KPU/RWSIN, A)LL' O(/TI MO/NON TO\ PLHSI/ON TH=S A)PLANOU=S E)KPUROU=TAI. {1<20*TO\ ME\N PU=R TW=| A)NWTA/TW| STOIXEI/W|, TW=| DE\ PURI\ A)H\R SUNEXH/S E)STIN.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ NU=N TO\ ME\N PROSEXE\S TW=N OU)RANI/WN LE/GEI TO\ PU=R, TO\ DE\ U(PO/-LOIPON A)E/RA, W(S A)\N MH\ MO/NOU TOU= A)POGEI/OU A)E/ROS E)KPUROUME/NOU. {1<20*(/WSTE KAI\ DIA\ TH\N KI/NHSIN KWLU/ESQAI SUGKINEI=SQAI.>20}1 *TO\ SUMPE/RASMA/ FHSIN, O(/TI KAI\ H( KI/NHSIS TOU= PANTO\S SUMPERIA/GOUSA TO\N A)PO/GEION A)E/RA, AI)TI/A GI/NETAI TOU= MH\ SUNI/STASQAI E)N AU)TW=| NE/FH. {1<20*)ALL' A)EI\ O(/ TI A)\N BARU/NHTAI MO/RION AU)TOU= E)KQLIBOME/NOU EI)S TO\N A)/NW TO/PON TOU= QERMOU=, KA/TW FE/RETAI.>20}1 @*TOU=TO/ FHSIN, O(/TI O( A)H\R SUNANAFE/RWN E(AUTW=| A)TMI/DA KAI\ MH\ E)/TI E)C-ISXU/WN A)LLA\ BARUNO/MENOS, H(NI/KA PLHSI/ON GE/NHTAI TW=N A)KRWREIW=N, E)KQLI/BETAI. KAI\ TO\ ME\N PURW=DES AU)TOU= XWREI= A)/NW, PI/PTEI DE\ TO\ U(DATW=DES KA/TW. A)LLA\ ZHTHTE/ON TO\ AI)/TION TH=S E)KQLI/YEWS KAI\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI H( KI/NHSIS KU/KLW| GINO-ME/NH TOU= A)POGEI/OU H)=N YU/CIS. LE/GETAI GA/R, W(S EI)/RHTAI KAI\ E)N TH=| QEWRI/A|, O( A)PO/GEIOS YUXRO/TEROS EI)=NAI TOU= PERIGEI/OU DIA\ TO\ MH\ GI/NESQAI E)N AU)TW=| A)NA/KLASIN TW=N A)KTI/NWN, A)LLA\ XEI=SQAI W(S E)N POLLW=| DIASTH/MATI GINOME/NAS. @1 {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ ME\N OU)=N TOU\S E)N TW=| A)/NW TO/PW|.>20}1 @*TOU= PROANAFWNHQE/NTOS TH=| PROTERAI/A| W(S E)PILU/SEWS A)CIWQHSOME/NOU H(/KOMEN NU=N TH\N AI)TI/AN A)PODW/SONTES. POI=ON DE/ E)STI TOU=TO; TI/ DH/POTE O( H(/LIOS MH\ W)\N QERMO\S QERMAI/NEI H(MA=S; KAI\ DUNATO\N ME\N H)=N TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHN E)PILU/SASQAI OU(/TWS, O(/TI OU)DE\N A)/TOPON TO\ MH\ O)\N QERMO\N QERMAI/NEIN. PA=N ME\N GA\R QERMO\N QERMAI/NEI, OU) PA=N DE\ QERMAI=NON QERMO/N E)STIN. I)DOU\ GA\R KAI\ H( KI/NHSIS QERMAI/NEI MH\ OU)=SA QERMH/, KAI\ H( A)/LOGOS YUXH\ E)N TW=| QU-MOU=SQAI QERMAI/NEI MH\ OU)=SA QERMH/, KAI\ KATA\ *PLA/TWNA TA\ SXH/MATA MH\ O)/NTA QERMA\ QERMAI/NEI. O( GA\R *PLA/TWN E)N *TIMAI/W| LE/GEI, O(/TI TO\ PU=R [2OU)X]2 H(=| PU=R QERMAI/NEI, A)LLA\ DIA\ TA\ E)N AU)TW=| SXH/MATA PURAMOEIDH=, E)C W(=N KAI\ SU/GKEITAI: TAU=TA GA\R DIA\ TO\ EI)S O)CU\ LH/GEIN EU)DIAI/RETA/ EI)SIN: TW=| GOU=N POI-EI=N EU)XERW=S TH\N DIAI/RESIN NOMI/ZETAI KAI/EIN. O(/QEN KAI\ TH\N A)KALH/FHN DIA\ TO\ POIEI=SQAI DIAI/RESI/N TINA NOMI/ZOMEN EI)=NAI QERMH/N. H)DU/NATO OU)=N OU(/TWS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS LU=SAI TH\N A)PORI/AN: O( DE\ OU) TOU=TO POIEI=, A)LLA\ PAREI\S TOU=TO ZHTEI=, TI/ O(/LWS POIOU=NTA TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA QERMAI/NOUSIN H(MA=S. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI SUGKINOU=NTA TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA KAI\ TO\N A)PO/GEION A)E/RA: TAU=TA OU)=N KINOU/-MENA QERMAI/NONTAI KAI\ LOIPO\N QERMAI/NOUSIN H(MA=S. O(/TI DE\ SUGKINEI=TAI O( A)PO/GEIOS A)H\R TW=| PANTI/, DHLOU=SIN OI( KOMH=TAI TOI=S AU)TOI=S PLA/NHSI PARANATE/L-LONTES. EI) DE/ TIS EI)/PH| "3KAI\ E)NALLAGH\N I)/SXOUSI"3, R(HTE/ON, O(/TI E)PEIDH\ OU) PA/NTWS SUNECISXU/EI A)KOLOUQEI=N TW=| PANTI\ O( A)PO/GEIOS A)H/R. EI) DE\ KAI\ POTE\ ME\N FAI/NETAI MIKRO/TEROS, POTE\ DE\ MEI/ZWN, OU)K A)/POROS O( LO/GOS: TOU=TO GA\R SUMBAI/NEI DIA\ TO\ NE/MESQAI TO\N PURWQE/NTA KAI\ PROEKFLOGWQE/NTA A)E/RA TH\N PARAKEIME/NHN U(/LHN. POTE\ DE\ KAI\ NOTIW/TEROS GI/NETAI, A)/LLOTE DE\ BOREIO/TEROS O( AU)TO\S KOMH/THS. A)LL' EI) TOU=TO OU(/TWS E)/XEI KAI\ TH=| TOU= PANTO\S KINH/SEI SUGKINEI=TAI O( A)PO/GEIOS A)H/R, TI/ DH/POTE MH\ PA=SAI AI( SFAI=RAI QERMAI/NOUSIN H(MA=S, A)LLA\ MO/NAI AI( TOU= H(LI/OU; FAME\N OU)=N, O(/TI PA=SAI ME\N QERMAI/NOUSI, PLH\N MA=LLON H( TOU= H(LI/OU, E)PEIDH\ SUMME/TRWS TE KINEI=TAI KAI\ TAXE/WS KAI\ SU/MMETRON H(MW=N A)FE/STHKEN. H( GA\R A)PLANH/S, EI) KAI\ O)CU/TATA PA/NU KINEI=TAI DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI O(/LWN MEI/ZW TO\N KU/KLON, A)LL' OU)=N O(/MWS POLU\ H(MW=N A)FE/STHKE KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU) QERMAI/NEI H(MA=S. PA/LIN H( TH=S SELH/NHS, EI) KAI\ PLHSI/ON H(MW=N E)STIN, A)LL' OU)=N O(/MWS A)RGO/TERON KINEI=TAI, DIO/TI MIKRO/TERO/S E)STIN O(/LWN TW=N KU/KLWN, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU) QERMAI/NEI H(MA=S. O( DE\ TOU= H(LI/OU @1 KU/KLOS ME/SOS W)\N SUMME/TRWS H(MW=N A)FI/STATAI, SUMME/TRWS E)/XEI KAI\ TA/XOUS KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO H(MA=S QERMAI/NEI. A)LL' I)/SWS TIS A)POREI=, KAI\ TI/ DH/POTE MH\ GI/NETAI A)NTANI/SWSIS, KAI\ O(/PER OU) POIEI= H( A)PLANH\S DIA\ TO\ A)PO/STHMA, MH\ POIEI= DIA\ TO\ TA/XOS: H( DE\ TH=S SELH/NHS SFAI=RA, O(\ OU) POIEI= DIA\ TO\ TA/XOS, DIA\ TI/ DIA\ TO\ PROSEGGI/ZEIN MH\ POIEI=; KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI OU)DE/POTE TO\ PO/RRW O)\N KA)\N O)CE/WS KINH=TAI QERMAI/NEI, OU)DE\ TO\ PLHSI/ON, MH\ O)CE/WS DE\ KINOU/MENON. PLH\N W(S OI)=MAI TOU=TO A)POKLHRWTIKO/N E)STIN. A)LL' I)/SWS TIS A)POREI=, EI) DIA\ TH\N H(LIAKH\N SFAI=RAN GI/NETAI H( QERMASI/A, TI/ DH/POTE MH\ KAI\ E)N NUKTI\ O(MOI/WS QERMAINO/MEQA W(/SPER KAI\ E)N H(ME/RA|. PRO\S O(/N FAMEN, O(/TI OU) MO/NON H( H(LIAKH\ SFAI=RA/ E)STIN AI)TI/A TH=S QERMO/THTOS, A)LLA\ KAI\ AU)TO\S O( H(/LIOS. AI( GA\R A)KTI=NES AU)TOU= A)NAKLW/MENAI AI)/TIAI GI/NONTAI POLLH=S QERMASI/AS E)N H(ME/RA|, OU)X, W(S A)/N TIS DE\ A)\N OI)HQH=|, AI( A)KTI=NES AU(=TAI A)NAKLW=NTAI: PW=S GA\R E)NDE/XETAI A)SWMA/TOUS AU)TA\S OU)/SAS A)NAKLA=SQAI; A)LLA\ FWTI/ZOUSI TO\N A)E/RA, KAI\ OU(=TOS ZW|OGONOU/MENOS KAI\ U(PE\R FU/SIN KINOU/MENOS A)NAKLA=TAI PLEI/ONOS E)/TI ZWH=S METALABEI=N E)FIE/MENOS. A)NAKLW/MENOS OU)=N KAI\ POLUEIDW=S KINOU/-MENOS QERMAI/NETAI. A)/LLWS DE\ OU) GI/NETAI H( A)NA/KLASIS, EI) MH\ TA\ TRI/A TAU=TA SUNDRA/MWSI, LEIO/THS TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU SW/MATOS, I(/NA MH\ PERIKLA=TAI E)N TOI=S KOILW/MASIN O( A)H/R, PUKNO/THS, I(/NA MH\ DIECE/RXHTAI O( A)H/R, A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ STENO/THS, I(/NA O( A)H\R METACU\ A)POLAMBANO/MENOS E)FIE/MENOS OI(=ON E(TE/ROU TINO\S H(LIAKOU= FWTO\S TH=S STILPNO/THTOS, POLUEIDW=S KINHQH=|. A)LL' I)/SWS PA/LIN A)PORH/SEI TIS, KAI\ DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN MH\ O(MOI/WS E)N QE/REI KAI\ E)N XEIMW=NI QER-MAINO/MEQA H)\ E(/WQEN KAI\ PERI\ TH\N MESHMBRI/AN. PRO\S O(\N R(HTE/ON, O(/TI TOU/TOU AI)/TIAI GI/NONTAI AI( A)KTI=NES E)N ME\N QE/REI KAI\ PERI\ TH\N MESHMBRI/AN O)RQAI\ FERO/MENAI, E)N XEIMW=NI DE\ KAI\ PERI\ TH\N E(/W LOCAI/. DE/DEIKTAI DE/, O(/TI W(S GI/NETAI OI(OUDH/POTE/ TINOS, OU(/TW GI/NETAI KAI\ [2H(LI/OU]2 H( A)NA/KLASIS. EI) OU)=N E)N QE/REI PRO\S O)RQA\S GWNI/AS GI/NONTAI AI( A)NAKLA/SEIS, AI( DE\ O)RQAI\ GWNI/AI O)LI/GON A)FESTH/KASI TW=N LOCW=N, MA=LLON E)NAPOLAMBA/NOUSI TO\N A)E/RA, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO MA=LLON E)KQERMAI/NETAI E)N QE/REI O( A)H/R. E)N DE\ XEIMW=NI DIA\ TO\ LOCA\S GI/NESQAI TA\S A)NAKLA/SEIS OU)K A)POLAMBA/NETAI A)LLA\ XEI=TAI O( A)H/R, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU)K E)/STI POLLH\ QERMASI/A. O(/TI DE\ PRO\S TA\S A)KTI=NAS GI/NETAI KAI\ H( A)NA/KLASIS, PRO/DHLON. KAI\ GA\R SFAI=RAN EI) R(I/YOMEN, EI) ME\N PRO\S O)RQH\N GWNI/AN E)NEXQH=| KATA\ TH=S GH=S, PRO\S O)RQH\N GWNI/AN KAI\ A)FA/LLETAI: EI) DE\ PRO\S LOCH/N, LOCW=S A)FA/LLETAI. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ KATASKEUA/SAI AU)TO\ DIA\ LO/GOU TOIOU/TOU: EI) U(POKE/OITO E)/SOPTRON, EI)/H DE\ KAI\ LU/XNOS KAI\ E)NEXQH=| PRO\S TO\ E)/SOPTRON, A)NTANA/KLASIN DE\ U(POMEI/NH| PRO\S TO\ AI)SQANO/MENON, DEI/KNUTAI, O(/TI E)K TW=N DU/O EU)QEIW=N GWNI/AI O)RQAI/ EI)SI KAI\ O(/TI PRO\S O)RQA\S A)NATEI/NONTAI GWNI/AS. @1 EI) GA\R MH/, U(POKEI/SQW EI)S A)/LLO ME/ROS FE/RESQAI TOU= E)NO/PTROU TO\ E)KTU/PWMA TO\ A)PO\ TOU= LU/XNOU, FE/RESQAI DE\ PRO\S TO\ AI)SQHTH/RION KAI\ POIEI=N MEI/ZONAS EU)QEI/AS. DE/DEIKTAI DE/, O(/TI AI( PRO\S O)RQA\S GWNI/AS EU)QEI=AI PASW=N EI)SIN E)LA/TTOUS: FILEI= DE\ H( FU/SIS TO\ SU/NTOMON. DIA\ TOU/TWN A)/RA GI/NETAI H( A)NA/-KLASIS, W(/STE OU)=N PRO\S O)RQA\S GWNI/AS GI/NONTAI AI( A)NAKLA/SEIS. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N KAI\ O( H(/LIOS AI)/TIO/S E)STI TH=S QERMASI/AS, DIA\ TOU=TO MA=LLON E)N H(ME/RA| QERMAI-NO/MEQA. O( ME\N OU)=N *)ALE/CANDROS E)NTAU=QA GENO/MENOS E)/FH, O(/TI H( SELH/NH DIA-KONEI= TH\N A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU QERMO/THTA MH\ QERMAINOME/NH. KAI\ OU)K A)/TOPON DIAKONEI=N AU)TH\N QERMASI/AN MH\ QERMAINOME/NHN. I)DOU\ GA\R KAI\ O( KA/LAMOS DIAKONEI= TH\N NA/RKHN TH=| XEIRI\ TOU= A(LIE/WS MH\ U(POME/NWN NA/RKHN: A)NAI/SQHTOS GA/R. PLH\N H(MEI=S MH\ OU(/TWS EI)/PWMEN: OU)DE\ GA\R H( SELH/NH O(/LWS DIAKONEI= QERMO/THTA, EI) GA/R, W(S EI)/RHTAI, H( QERMO/THS E)N AU)TW=| TW=| A)E/RI GI/NETAI. W(/SPER OU)=N O( KA/LAMOS OU)X A(PLW=S NA/RKHN DIAKONEI= [1OU) GA\R LE/GETAI NA/RKH, EI) MH\ FQA/SEI PAR' AU)TH\N TH\N XEI=RA]1, OU(/TWS OU)DE\ H( SELH/NH QERMASI/AN DIAKONEI=: OU) GA\R LE/GETAI QERMO/THS, EI) MH\ E)N AU)TW=| TW=| A)E/RI. EI)/RHNTAI OU)=N DU/O AI)TI/AI TH=S GINOME/NHS QERMO/THTOS. LOIPO\N DE\ FE/REI KAI\ TRI/THN AI)TI/AN LE/GWN, O(/TI TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA AI)/TION GI/NETAI TH=S QERMASI/AS: TH=| GA\R BI/A| ME/ROS AU)TOU= A)PO-SPINQHRI/ZEI KAI\ FE/RETAI KA/TW. E)F' OI(=S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS A)NATRE/XEI E)PI\ TA\ E)C A)RXH=S ZHTW=N, EI) TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA QERMA/ E)STI. KAI\ DEI/KNUSI DIA\ DU/O E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, O(/TI OU)K E)/STI QERMA/: SAQRA\ DE/ EI)SI KAI\ TA\ DU/O. E)/STI DE\ TO\ PRW=TON TOIOU=TON: EI) QERMA\ H)=N TA\ A)/STRA, E)/DEI MA=LLON A)/NW GI/NESQAI TOU\S DIA/|TTONTAS KAI\ MH\ E)N TW=| PERIGEI/W| A)E/RI, EI)/ GE MA=LLON E)KEI=NA E)KFEU/-GOUSIN W(S PU/REIA. OU) GI/NONTAI DE\ E)N TH=| A)PLANEI=, W(S DHLOI= TO\ SU/NTOMON AU)TW=N TH=S KINH/SEWS [1NOMI/ZONTAI GA\R TO\ H(MISFAI/RION SXEDO\N KEKINH=SQAI]1: OU) GA\R A)\N TH=S A)PLANOU=S O)CU/TERON E)KINOU=NTO. A)LLA\ R(HTE/ON PRO\S TOU=TO, O(/TI OU) PA/RESTIN H( U(LIKH\ AI)TI/A, H(/TIS W)/FEILEN E)KFLOGWQH=NAI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU) SUNI/STATAI E)N TH=| A)PLANEI=. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) QERMO\S O( H(/LIOS, TI/ DH/POTE MH\ E)RUQRO\S O(RA=TAI, A)LLA\ LEUKO/S; FU/SEI GA\R LEUKO/S E)STIN. EI) GA\R KAI\ PERI\ TH\N E(/W KAI\ PERI\ DUSMA\S O(RA=TAI E)RUQRO/S, A)PA/TH H(MI=N GI/NETAI DIA\ TH\N A)TMI/DA POLLH\N OU)=SAN: MI/GNUSI GA\R H( FANTASI/A KAI\ POIEI= E)RUQRO/N, O(/PER OU)K E)DE/CATO TA\ PRA/GMATA, W(/SPER KAI\ H( A)KOH\ KRA=SIN POIEI= TW=N FQO/G-GWN E)N TH=| A(RMONI/A| TW=N FQO/GGWN MH\ KIRNWME/NWN. PLH\N KAI\ TOU=TO SAQRO/N: OU) GA\R A)SFALE\S A)PO\ XRWMA/TWN E)PIXEIREI=N. I)DOU\ GA\R KAI\ TA\ A)/KRA YUXRA\ OI(=ON XIW/N, YIMMI/QION, KAI\ TA\ A)/GAN KAUSTIKA\ OI(=ON TI/TANOS TO\ AU)TO\ E)/XOUSI XRW=MA. I(/NA OU)=N MH\ TOIAU=TA PERIA/YWMEN A)/TOPA *)ARISTOTE/LEI, METARRUQMI/-SWMEN TH\N LE/CIN, KAI\ EI)/PWMEN OU(/TWS, O(/TI O( H(/LIOS EI) H)=N QERMO/S, QERMO/TATOS A)\N H)=N W(S E)K TOIOU/TOU DIASTH/MATOS KAI/WN. KAI\ EI) TOU=TO, O)FEI/LEI A)NQRA- @1KW/DHS EI)=NAI: TO\ GA\R A)/GAN KAUSTIKO\N A)NQRAKW=DE/S E)STIN, OU) TOU=TO/ MOU LE/GON-TOS, O(/TI PA=N A)NQRAKW=DES KAUSTIKO/N [1I)DOU\ GA\R H( SELH/NH A)NQRAKW/DHS ME/N E)STIN, OU) KAUSTIKH\ DE/]1, A)LL' O(/TI PA=N KAUSTIKO\N KAI\ A)NQRAKW=DES. I)DOU\ GA\R KAI\ E)N PURI\ TO\ A)NQRAKW=DE/S E)STI TO\ MA=LLON KAUSTIKO/N: DIA\ FLOGO\S GOU=N TH\N XEI=RA PARA/GOMEN, AU)TOU= MHDE\ TOLMW=NTES QIGEI=N. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( PAROU=SA QEWRI/A. SUGKATAPAU/ETAI DE\ KAI\ TO\ PROOI/MION TH=S O(/LHS PRAGMATEI/AS. {1<20*PERI\ ME\N OU)=N TOU= A)/NW TO/POU>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*SU/NOYIN POIEI=TAI TW=N E)N TH=| PROLABOU/SH| QEWRI/A| H(MI=N PARADIDOME/NWN. {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TH=S GINOME/NHS QERMO/THTOS, H(\N PARE/XETAI O( H(/LIOS.>20}1 *)ENTEU=QEN H( A)RXH\ TH=S PAROU/SHS QEWRI/AS: TH\N AI)TI/AN GA\R TH=S GINOME/NHS E)N H(MI=N QERMO/THTOS ZHTEI=. {1<20*MA=LLON ME\N KAQ' E(AUTO\ KAI\ A)KRIBW=S E)N TOI=S *PERI\ AI)SQH/SEWS.>20}1 @*)EKEI/NHS GA\R TH=S PRAGMATEI/AS I)/DION PERI\ TOU/TWN ZHTH=SAI, E)PEIDH\ TO\ QERMO\N AI)SQHTO/N E)STI, TO\ DE\ AI)SQHTO\N AI)SQH/SEI U(PA/RXEI AI)SQHTO/N. H)\ OU)=N E)KEI= TO\ A)KRIBE\S E)PAGGE/LLETAI LE/GEIN, MH\ KATADRA/MH| TIS AU)TOU=, H)\ E)/N TISI NU=N PERI\ TOU/TWN E)NTAU=QA DIASFA/LLETAI. {1<20*MH\ TOIOU/TWN O)/NTWN E)KEI/NWN TH\N FU/SIN.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI QERMW=N: <20E)KEI/NWN>20 DE\ LE/GEI TW=N OU)RANI/WN SWMA/TWN. {1<20*(ORW=MEN DE\ TH\N KI/NHSIN, O(/TI DU/NATAI DIAKRI=NAI>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*PROQE/MENOS EI)PEI=N DIA\ TI/ MH\ O)/NTA QERMA\ QERMAI/NOUSIN, OU) TOU=TO POIEI=, A)LLA/ FHSI, TI/ POIOU=NTA TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA QERMAI/NOUSI: KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI KINOU=NTA TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA KAI\ TO\N PERI/GEION A)E/RA. {1<20*(WS KAI\ TA\ FERO/MENA THKO/MENA FAI/NESQAI.>20}1 @*(/OTI, FHSI/, KI/NHSIS POIEI= QERMO/THTA, DHLOU=SIN AI( A)KI/DES TW=N BELW=N: TH=| GA\R POLLH=| KINH/SEI E(/PETAI DIALU/ESQAI TO\N E)PIKEI/MENON E)N TAI=S A)RXAI=S AU)TW=N MO/LIBDON. @1 {1<20*TAXEI=AN ME\N GA\R DEI= KAI\ MH\ PO/RRW EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*(/WS TINOS A)POROU=NTOS, KAI\ DIA\ TI/ H( TOU= H(LI/OU SFAI=RA MA=LLON QER-MAI/NEI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN E)PH/GAGEN, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ TAXE/WS KINEI=TAI KAI\ OU) PA/NU H(MW=N A)FE/STHKE. PLH\N KALW=S EI)RH/KAMEN H(LI/OU SFAI=RAN KAI\ OU)K AU)TO\N TO\N H(/LION. H( GA\R SFAI=RA AU)TOU= TH=S SFAI/RAS TH=S SELH/NHS TAXUTE/RA E)STI/N: AU(/TH DE\ H( SELH/NH TOU= H(LI/OU AU)TOU= O)CUTE/RA E)STI/. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, DH=LON. SUNO/DOU GA\R GINOME/NHS H(LI/OU KAI\ SELH/NHS E)N *KRIW=| O( ME\N H(/LIOS TH=| PRW/TH| H(ME/RA| MI/AN MO/NHN KINHQH/SETAI MOI=RAN, H( DE\ SELH/NH DW/DEKA: TH=| DEUTE/RA| H(ME/RA| O( ME\N H(/LIOS E)PIBH/SETAI TH=S DEUTE/RAS MOI/RAS, H( DE\ SELH/NH TH=S DEKA/THS TRI/THS. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ AI( DU/O MOI=RAI W(S DE/DEIKTAI TOU= *KRIOU= PRO\ TH=S A)NATE/LLOUSIN, EU(REQH/SETAI O( H(/LIOS PRO\ TH=S SELH/NHS A)NA-TE/LLWN. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI TAXUTE/RAN TH\N I)DI/AN KI/NHSIN H( SELH/NH POIEI=. {1<20*TW=| DE\ MA/LISTA GI/NESQAI A(/MA TW=| H(LI/W| AU)TW=|>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TH\N DEUTE/RAN AI)TI/AN BOU/LETAI EI)PEI=N, H(/TIS AI)TIA=TAI TA\S A)KTI=NAS TA\S A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU, PLH\N OU) SAFW=S LE/GEI, A)LL' OI(=ON U(PAINI/TTETAI I)/SWS A)PARESKO/MENOS TW=| DO/GMATI. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI O(/PER O(RW=MEN GINO/-MENON E)PI\ H(MW=N, O(/TI E)PI\ TW=N PUREI/WN E)NAPOLAMBA/NETAI O( A)H\R E)K TW=N DU/O SWMA/TWN KAI\ TH=| POLUEIDEI= KINH/SEI E)CA/PTETAI, OU(/TWS E)/XEI KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= H(LI/OU. OU) GA\R A)/LLWS O( A)H\R % A)NAKALEI=TAI, EI) MH\ E)K TW=N A)KTI/NWN OI(=ON ZW|OGONOU/-MENOS KAI\ DIA\ TH\N E)/FESIN TOU= PLEI/ONOS FWTO\S E)PI\ PLE/ON KINOU/MENOS. {1<20*KAI\ DIA\ TO\ PERIE/XON PU=R.>20}1 @*(/INA EI)/PH| TH\N TRI/THN AI)TI/AN. <20PERIE/XON PU=R>20 E)KA/LESE TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA: KAI\ AU)TO\ GA\R AI)/TION GI/NETAI TH=S QERMASI/AS. {1<20*SHMEI=ON DE\ I(KANO/N.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TA\ DU/O E)PIXEIRH/MATA BOU/LETAI PARADOU=NAI KATASKEUASTIKA\ O)/NTA TOU= TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA MH\ EI)=NAI QERMA/. @1 {1<20*PRA=CIS <#2>.>20}1 {1<20*TOU/TWN DE\ DIWRISME/NWN LE/GWMEN, DIA\ POI/AN AI)TI/AN AI(/ TE FLO/GES KAIO/MENAI FAI/NONTAI.>20}1 @*OU) XRH\ PARADRAMEI=N TH\N TW=N METEWROLOGIKW=N QEWRHMA/TWN W(S E)/TUXE ZH/THSIN. MEGI/STH GA\R KAI\ OU)X H( TUXOU=SA KAQE/STHKEN, EI)/ GE KAI\ OI( FILOSO-FOU=NTES OU)K A)/LLOQE/N POQEN W)NOMA/SQHSAN METEWROLOGIKOI\ H)\ E)K TAU/THS TH=S QEWRI/AS. KAI\ OU) DIA\ TOU=TO MO/NON, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TW=N U(PO\ SELH/NHN PA/NTWN KREI/TTWN E)STI\N O( E)N TW=| METARSI/W| TO/PW| W(S MIMOU/MENOS TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA: A)DIALEI/PTWS GA\R TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA TH\N KU/KLW| FORA\N DIW/KEI. OU) KATAFRO/NHTOS OU)=N E)STIN O( PERI\ TW=N E)N TW=| METARSI/W| TO/PW| SUNISTAME/NWN LO/GOS. DIO\ XRH\ TW=N PROOIMI/WN A)PALLAGE/NTAS E)P' AU)TOU\S LOIPO\N TOU\S A)GW=NAS E)PAPODU/-SASQAI. SKOPO\N TOI/NUN E)/XWN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS PARADOU=NAI TA\ E)K TW=N DU/O A)NAQUMIA/SEWN GINO/MENA, TH=S TE KAPNW/DOUS FHMI\ KAI\ TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS, E)PEIDH\ DEI= PROTA/TTEIN A(PANTAXOU= TA\ A(PLA= TW=N SUNQE/TWN, PRO/TERON PERI\ TW=N GINOME/NWN A)PO\ TH=S MIA=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS DIALE/GETAI, EI)=TA OU(/TWS PERI\ TW=N GINOME/NWN E)K TW=N DU/O. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ E)N TAI=S A)NAQUMIA/SESI KREI/TTWN H( KAPNW/DHS W(S MIMOUME/NH TA\ OU)RA/NIA KAI\ TH\N KUKLIKH\N KI/NHSIN TH=S A)TMIDW/-DOUS, TOU/TOU XA/RIN PRO/TERON PERI\ TW=N GINOME/NWN E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS FHSI/. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ PA/LIN H( KAPNW/DHS TA\ ME\N POIEI= METALAMBANOME/NH KAI\ E)KFLOGOU-ME/NH, TA\ D' E)PI\ TW=N AU)TW=N ME/NOUSA, SAFE/STERA D' W(S E)NDE/XETAI TA\ GINO/MENA METABALLOME/NHS AU)TH=S [1TA\ ME\N EU)/KOLA/ EI)SIN W(S A(PLH=N E)/XONTA TH\N FU/SIN KAI\ A)LHQH=, TA\ DE\ E)PI\ XRO/NON PARAME/NOUSI DU/SKOLON E)/XONTA TH\N GE/NE-SIN]1, NO/MOS DE/ E)STIN O( PARAKELEUO/MENOS E)K TW=N A)LHQW=N PRW=TON A)/RXESQAI KAI\ EU)KO/LWN, I(/NA I(DRUME/NHS TH=S A)LHQEI/AS DUNHQW=MEN KATALABEI=N TO\ YEU=DOS, E)K TW=N TOIOU/TWN A)/RXETAI. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA E)/XOUSIN AI)=GES, FLO/GES, DALOI\ KAI\ DIA/|TTONTES, E)K TOU/TWN PRO/TERON A)/RXETAI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. KAI\ GA\R OU)K E)K TW=N DU/O GI/NETAI A)NAQUMIA/SEWN, A)LL' E)K TH=S MIA=S, KAI\ TAU/THS OU)K E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS, A)LL' E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS, KAI\ TAU/THS OU)K A)METABLH/TOU OU)/SHS, A)LLA\ METABALLOME/NHS, KAI\ TAU=TA OU)K E)K TH=S POIOU/SHS YEUDH=, A)LLA\ MA=LLON TA)LHQH=: DIA\ TOU=TO PRO/TERON PERI\ TOU/TWN DIALE/GETAI. A)LLA\ FE/RE EI) DOKEI= PARADW/SWMEN AU)TW=N TA\ KOINA\ KAI\ I)/DIA. I)/DIA ME\N OU)=N EI)/RHTAI AU)TW=N PLEI/-ONA, KOINA\ DE\ TO\ GENE/SQAI E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS METABALLOME/NHS, KAI\ O(/TI SAFH= EI)SI KAI\ A)LHQH=. H( DE\ LE/CIS A)/LLO TI KOINO\N AU)TW=N PARADI/- @1DWSI. POI=ON TOU=TO; O(/TI H( POIHTIKH\ AU)TW=N AI)TI/A E)STI\N E)/KKAUSIS KAI\ E)KFLO/-GWSIS TOU= U(PEKKAU/MATOS: PLH\N TOU=TO KOINO/N E)STI PA/NTWN PLH\N TOU= DEUTE/ROU DIA/|TTONTOS, OU(=TINOS ME/LLOMEN EI)PEI=N POIHTIKH\N AI)TI/AN TH\N YU/CIN. I)STE/ON DE/, O(/TI PERI\ TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)N TOI=S TRISI\ BIBLI/OIS DIALE/GETAI. KAI\ OU)X, W(S A)/N TIS OI)HQEI/H, DIESPASME/NHN AU)TH=S POIEI=-TAI DIDASKALI/AN. E)N GA\R TW=| PRW/TW| TA\ PA/QH TA\ GINO/MENA E)C AU)TH=S META-BALLOME/NHS PARADI/DWSIN, E)N TW=| DEUTE/RW| W(S A)METABLH/TOU: E)KEI= GA\R PERI\ A)NE/MWN KAI\ QALA/SSHS EI)PEI=N ME/LLEI, W(=N AI)TI/A H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS OU)K A)LLOIOUME/NH, A)LL' E)PI\ TW=N AU)TW=N ME/NOUSA. E)N DE\ TW=| TRI/TW| PARADI/-DWSI TA\ GINO/MENA OU)K E)K MO/NHS TH=S KAPNW/DOUS, A)LL' E)PIMIGNUME/NHS TH=| A)TMIDW/DEI. A)LLA\ PRO\S E(/KASTON E)/STIN A)PORH=SAI. KAI\ GA\R E)N TW=| PRW/TW| LO/GW| DIALE/GETAI PERI\ A)NE/MWN, OI(/TINES A)METABLH/TOU OU)/SHS TH=S KAPNW/DOUS GI/NONTAI. TI/ OU)=N R(HTE/ON; O(/TI W(S E)N PAREKBA/SEI, E)PEIDH\ PERI/ TINOS E)KEI=SE ME/MNHTAI SUNE/XEIAN PRO\S TOU\S A)NE/MOUS E)/XONTOS, E)MNH/SQH KAI\ AU)TW=N: PLH\N OU)DE\ TA\ DOKOU=NTA AU)TW=| PERI\ TOU/TWN LE/GEI E)N TW=| PRW/TW| A)LLA\ MA=L-LON E)N TW=| DEUTE/RW|. PA/LIN E)N TW=| DEUTE/RW| TI/ DH/POTE PERI\ A)STRAPH=S DIA-LE/GETAI, EI) GA\R AU(/TH GI/NETAI E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS E)KFLOGOUME/NHS KAI\ METABALLO-ME/NHS; TI/ OU)=N R(HTE/ON; O(/TI KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S: E)PEIDH\ GA\R PERI\ BRONTH=S H)=N E)KEI=SE O( LO/GOS, E(/PETAI DE\ TAU/TH| A)STRAPH/, DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ PERI\ AU)TH=S DIEI-LE/XQH. A)LL' I)/SWS TIS E)REI=: KAI\ DIA\ TI/ O(/LWS PERI\ BRONTH=S E)N TW=| DEUTE/RW| DIALE/GETAI, EI)/ GE AU(/TH SU/GKROUSI/S E)STI NEFW=N, TA\ DE\ NE/FH E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS GI/NONTAI; TI/ OU)=N R(HTE/ON; O(/TI KAI\ PERI\ TW=N A)PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS GINOME/NWN DIA-LE/GETAI E)N TW=| DEUTE/RW| [1KAI\ OU)K A)/POROS O( LO/GOS, EI) TOU=TO]1, H)\ O(/TI PERI\ BRONTH=S DIALE/GETAI OU) TAU/THS, H(/TIS GI/NETAI SUGKROUO/NTWN TW=N NEFW=N, A)LLA\ PERI\ TH=S E(TE/RAS: E)/STI GA\R E(/TEROS TRO/POS GENE/SEWS BRONTW=N. 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E)KFLOGOU/MENON TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA H)\ KATA\ SUNE/XEIAN E)KFLOGOU=TAI H)\ DIESPARME/NWS: KAI\ EI) KATA\ SUNE/XEIAN E)CAFQH=|, KAI\ KATA\ MH=KOS MO/NON GI/NETAI: KAI\ EI) TOU=TO, H)\ OI(ONEI\ A)POSPIN- @1QHRI/ZEI KAI\ GI/NONTAI AI( AI)=GES DIA\ TO\ E)OIKE/NAI TOU\S A)POSPINQHRISMOU\S TW=N AI)GW=N TOI=S E)KKREME/SI MALLOI=S, H)\ OU)K A)POSPINQHRI/ZEI KAI\ GI/NONTAI DALOI/. EI) DE\ DIESPARME/NH EI)/H H( E)/KKAUSIS, GI/NONTAI OI( DIA/|TTONTES. OU)X O(/TI DE\ E)/LLEIYIS GI/NETAI PURO/S, LE/GOMEN DIESPA/RQAI, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ OU) DIO/LOU E)STI\N H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, A)LLA\ DIESPARME/NH. DIA/DOSIS OU)=N GI/NETAI E)N TW=| METACU/, DIA\ TO\ LEPTOMERE\S DE\ OU) DIAFAI/NETAI, KAI\ DI/KHN TOU= E)SBESME/NOU PURO\S KAI\ A(PTOME/NOU E)K TH=S U(POKEIME/NHS FLOGO/S: H( GA\R E)N TW=| METACU\ DI/ODOS TH=S FLOGO\S OU) FAI/NETAI DIA\ TO\ LEPTOMERE/S, A)LLA\ TO/TE MO/NON, H(NI/KA FQA/SEI PERI\ TH\N QRUALLI/DA W(S E)PI\ TOU= E)SBESME/NOU LU/XNOU. OU(/TWS OU)=N KAI\ E)NTAU=QA. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ E(/TEROS TRO/POS TH=S GENE/SEWS DIA|TTO/NTWN: GI/NETAI GA\R DIA/|TTWN KAI\ O( U(PO\ YU/CEWS, KAI\ OU)DE\N A)/TOPON. KAI\ GA\R TO\ QERMO\N AI)/TION GI/NETAI YU/CEWS KAI\ YUXRO\N AI)/TION QERMASI/AS. OU(/TWS E)N XEIMW=NI A)MEI/NOUS AI( PE/YEIS KAI\ TA\ FREATIAI=A U(/DATA QERMA\ DIA\ TH\N A)NTIPERI/STASIN. I)DOU\ OU)=N H( YU/CIS POIEI= QERMASI/AN. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TOU)NANTI/ON: OU(/TWS E)N *AI)GU/PTW| TH=| OU(/TW QERMOTA/TH| YUXRO\S OI)=NOS O( *KNI/DIOS KALOU/MENOS DIA\ TH\N A)NTIPERI/STASIN. TOU=TO DE\ GI/NETAI, I(/NA A)EI\ TO\ PA=N METE/XH| KAI\ QERMASI/AS KAI\ YU/CEWS. PW=S DE\ A)/RA GI/NONTAI; SUNANAFE/RONTAI AI( DU/O A)NAQUMIA/SEIS A)LLH/LAIS OU) KATA\ KRA=SIN SUNHMME/NAI [1OU) GA\R A)\N PA/LIN DII/STANTO]1, A)LLA\ KATA\ PARA/QESIN. EI) ME\N OU)=N I)SOSQENEI=S W)=SIN, E(KATE/RA EI)S TH\N OI)KEI/AN O(LO/THTA FE/REI TH\N E(TE/RAN. 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DE/DEIKTAI DE\ TOU=TO DI' O)PTIKOU= LO/GOU, O(/TI TA\ PLHSI/ON O)/NTA TW=N PO/RRW A)FESTHKO/TWN, KA)\N A)RGO/TERON KINW=NTAI, DOKOU=SIN O(/MWS O)CU/TERON KINEI=SQAI. DI' H(\N A)/RA AI)TI/AN; EI)/RHTAI, W(S A)PO\ MIA=S KORUFH=S E)KPEMPO/MENAI TUXO\N AI( A)KTI=NES TH=S O)/YEWS PO/RRW PROKO/PTOUSAI DII/STANTAI A)P' A)LLH/LWN. TA\ OU)=N PLHSI/ON O)/NTA W(S A(/TE MH\ POLU\ A)FISTA/MENA A)LLH/LWN A)KRIBW=S GINW/SKOUSI, TA\ DE\ PO/RRW PA/NU O)/NTA, E)PEIDH\ LOIPO\N OI(ONEI\ EI)S A)XANI/AN TINA\ LH/GOUSIN, OU) KATA\ LO/GON PERILAMBA/NOUSIN. KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU)K A)KRIBW=S A)NTILAMBA/-NONTAI: PLH\N TO\ O)PTIKO\N QEW/RHMA A)KRIBE/STERON EU(RH/SEIS E)N TW=| *PERI\ O)/YEWS. {1<20*KAI\ DIA\ TH\N AU)TH\N AI)TI/AN.>20}1 @*POI/AN <20TH\N AU)TH/N;>20 TH\N QERMO/THTA. 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I)/SWS GA/R TIS E)/XEI A)PORH=SAI, A)=RA OU) GI/NETAI O( A)H\R W(/SPER A(/PTETAI O( NEWSTI\ E)SBESME/NOS LU/XNOS U(PO\ TH=S U(POKEIME/NHS FLOGO\S MHDAMOU= TH=S E)CA/YEWS GINOME/NHS EI) MH\ E)N TH=| QRU-ALLI/DI, [2H)\]2 W(/SPER OI( PURH=NES E)K TW=N DAKTU/LWN E)KKRI/NONTAI. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI E(KA/TERON A)LHQE/S: TO\ ME\N GA\R TH=S LUXNIAI/AS FLOGO\S A(RMO/ZEI E)PI\ TOU= PRW/TOU DIA/|TTONTOS, TO\ DE\ A)/LLO PARA/DEIGMA A(RMO/ZEI E)PI\ TOU= DEUTE/ROU DIA/|TTONTOS. {1<20*)\H R(I/YIS TOU= AU)TOU= TINOS SW/MATOS.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA H( A)NTAPO/DOSIS A)/RXETAI GI/NESQAI TOU= PARADEI/GMATOS % E)NTEU=QEN TOU= DEUTE/ROU DALOU=. {1<20*(/WSTE KAI\ EI)S GH=N KAI\ EI)S QA/LASSAN FAI/NESQAI PI/-PTONTAS.>20}1 @*TOU\S KAT' E)KPURHNISMO\N DHLONO/TI DIA/|TTONTAS: OI( GA\R A)/LLOI O(/POU A)POROU=SIN U(/LHS E)N TW=| U(PEKKAU/MATI, E)KEI= KAI\ A)POMARAI/NONTAI. {1<20*KAI\ NU/KTWR KAI\ MEQ' H(ME/RAN KAI\ AI)QRI/AS OU)/SHS.>20}1 @<20*MEQ' H(ME/RAN>20 EI)=PEN, I(/NA TH\N A)RXH\N TH=S NUKTO\S DHLW/SH|. TI/ DE\ LE/GEI <20AI)QRI/AS; AI)QRI/AS>20 TOI/NUN FHSI\N OU)X A(PLW=S A)NE/MWN, A)LL' U(ETW=N: EI) GA\R EI)/H U(ETO/S, PW=S E)/XEI GENE/SQAI DIA/|TTWN; PLH/N, W(S NOMI/ZW, <20AI)QRI/AS>20 LE/GEI, I(/NA EI)/H A)NE/FELOS O( OU)RANO/S. EI) GA\R EI)/H, KA)\N GI/NWNTAI, OU)DE\ FAI/NON-TAI: E)/FH DE\ FAI/NESQAI AU)TOU\S E)N AI)QRI/A| KAI\ NU/KTWR KAI\ MEQ' H(ME/RAN. @1 {1<20*KA/TW DE\ R(I/PTETAI>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*)EPEIDH\ H( PU/KNWSIS E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW A)PODIW/KEI, KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN KA/TW FE/RONTAI OI( DIA/|TTONTES. OU(/TWS GA/R, FHSI/, KAI\ OI( KERAUNOI\ KA/TW FE/RONTAI, E)PEIDH\ E)KPURHNI/ZETAI KAI\ E)PI\ AU)TW=N H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS. E)PEI\ OU)=N KA/TW E)KKRI/NETAI DIA\ TH\N QLI/YIN, FU/SEI DE\ A)/NW FE/RETAI TO\ QERMO/N, EI)KO/TWS TH\N LOCH\N KI/NHSIN KINOU=NTAI OI(ONEI\ E)K TW=N E)NANTI/WN KINH/SEWS MESO/THTOS GINOME/NHS. {1<20*(/OSOI ME\N OU)=N E)N TW=| A)/NW TO/PW| SUNI/STANTAI, E)KKAIO-ME/NHS GI/NONTAI TH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN LOIPO\N TA\S DIAKRI/SEIS PARADI/DWSIN, O(/TI OI( ME\N PRW=TOI DIA/|TTONTES U(PO\ QERMASI/AS GI/NONTAI, OI( DE\ DEU/TEROI E)N TW=| PERIGEI/W| A)E/RI. LOIPO\N DE\ KAI\ TRI/THN DIAFORA/N, H(/TIS E)LAMBA/NETO E)K TOU= DIAFO/ROU TRO/POU TH=S KINH/SEWS. EI)=PE DE\ KAI\ TH\N A)/LLHN DIAFORA\N A)NWTE/RW, E)/NQA E)/LEGE PERI\ ME\N E(\N KAI\ TO\ AU)TO\ PU=R E)KKRI/NESQAI, POU= DE\ DIA/DOSIN GI/NESQAI. {1<20*DIA\ DE\ TH\N QE/SIN TH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( DIAFORA\ H( E)K TOU= DIAFO/ROU TRO/POU TH=S KINH/SEWS. {1<20*TA\ PLEI=STA DE\ EI)S TO\ PLA/GION.>20}1 @*DHLONO/TI TW=N GINOME/NWN U(PO\ YU/CEWS PERI\ TOU/TWN E)NANTI/AI EI)SI\ KINH/SEIS. {1<20*PA/NTA DE\ TAU=TA KA/TW SELH/NHS GINO/MENA.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ EI)=PE KAI\ E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| GI/NESQAI DIA/|TTONTAS, I(/NA MH/ TIS NOMI/SH| GI/NESQAI AU)TOU\S A)/NW PERI\ TA\ A)/STRA, TH\N DIA/KRISIN E)PA/GEI TH\N E)K TH=S TAXU/THTOS. OU)K A)\N GA/R, FHSI/N, OU(/TW TAXE/WS E)KINOU=NTO. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*FAI/NETAI DE/ POTE NU/KTWR AI)QRI/AS OU)/SHS.>20}1 @*META\ TA\ A)LHQH= KAI\ O)LIGOXRO/NIA, A(/PER H)=N FLO/GES, DALOI/, AI)=GES KAI\ DIA/|TTONTES, ME/TEISI KAI\ E)PI\ YEUDH= O)LIGOXRO/NIA, A(/PER EI)SI\N A)PO\ XRW/MATOS @1 KAI\ SXH/MATOS: A)PO\ ME\N XRW/MATOS AI(MATW/DH, A)PO\ DE\ SXH/MATOS BO/QUNOI KAI\ XA/SMATA. EI)KO/TWS DE\ XWREI= META\ TA\ A)LHQH= KAI\ O)LIGOXRO/NIA E)PI\ TA\ YEUDH= KAI\ O)LIGOXRO/NIA, E)PEIDH\ OU) KATA\ MO/NON TO\ O)LIGOXRO/NION TAU=TA KOI-NWNOU=SIN, A)LLA\ KAI\ O(/TI POIHTIKA\ AI)/TIA/ E)STI TA\ PROEIRHME/NA TW=N MELLO/N-TWN LE/GESQAI. A)LLA\ FE/RE MH\ MO/NON DIA\ KENH=S TOU/TWN TA\ O)NO/MATA LEGE/-SQW, A)LLA\ KAI\ TA\S AI)TI/AS POLUPRAGMONHTE/ON. TO\ ME\N OU)=N AI(MATW=DES XRW=MA DU/O E)/XEI AI)TI/AS TH=S GENE/SEWS: TA\ D' A)/LLA, XA/SMATA/ FHSI KAI\ BO/QUNOI, DU/O O)/NTA E(\N E)/XOUSIN AI)/TION. FAI/NONTAI GA\R AI(MATW/DH XRW/MATA, O(/TAN ME/LAN O)\N NE/FOS H)\ EI)S TA\ PLA/GIA TOU= LAMPROU= TUGXA/NH| H)\ KATA\ KA/QETON. A)LL' EI) ME\N EI)S TA\ PLA/GIA EI)/H, KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN GI/NETAI AU)TW=N H( FANTASIW/-DHS O(/RASIS: OU) GA\R KATA\ A)LH/QEIAN KIRNA=TAI: PO/RRW GA/R EI)SI TO\ NE/FOS KAI\ TO\ LAMPRO/N. OI(=O/N TI SUMBAI/NEI PERI\ TH\N A(RMONI/AN GI/NESQAI MH\ KIRNWME/NWN TW=N FQO/GGWN, O(/TE DOKEI= TIS GI/NESQAI KRA=SIS, TOIOU=TO/N TI KA)NTAU=QA GI/NETAI: EI) ME/NTOI KATA\ KA/QETON EI)/H TOU= LAMPROU= TO\ NE/FOS, TO/TE KATA\ DIA/KLASIN GI/NETAI AU)TW=N H( O(/RASIS. A)LLA\ FE/RE EI) DOKEI= ZHTH/SWMEN, TI/ DIAFE/REI A)NA/-KLASIS DIAKLA/SEWS. E)PI\ ME\N OU)=N TH=S A)NAKLA/SEWS E)PI\ TA\ AU)TA\ TOU= E)NO/P-TROU TO\ % O(RATO\N KAI\ TO\ O(RW/MENON U(PA/RXEI, E)PI\ DE\ TH=S DIAKLA/SEWS METACU\ TOU= O(RW=NTOS KAI\ TOU= O(RWME/NOU E)STI\ TO\ KA/TOPTRON, W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ TW=N DI' U(/DATOS O(RWME/NWN. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ A)/LLH DIAFORA/. TA\ GA\R KATA\ DIA/-KLASIN O(RW/MENA PRO/SW A)FI/STANTAI KAI\ MEI/ZONA FAI/NONTAI, W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ TW=N A)/STRWN: A)NI/SXONTA GA\R TAU=TA KAI\ DU/NONTA DIA\ TH\N A)TMI/DA A)NAPEMPOME/NHN O(RW=NTAI PURRA\ KATA\ DIA/KLASIN: ME/SH GA\R H( A)TMI\S H)/TOI TO\ KA/TOPTRON. TA\ ME/NTOI KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN O(RW/MENA PRO/SW A)FISTA/MENA MEI/WSIN TOU= MEGE/QOUS U(POME/NOUSI KAI\ OU(/TWS EI)S TO\ MH\ O(RA=SQAI KATANTW=SIN, W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ PETEINW=N O(RWME/NWN. A)LL' % E)PI\ ME\N TW=N KATA\ DIA/KLASIN O(RWME/NWN AU)/CHSIS DOKEI= TOU= O(RWME/NOU, PW=S MH\ E)PIME/NOMEN O(RW=NTES, A)LL' EI)S TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI E)CAI/FNHS A)FANI/ZETAI; KAI\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI E)PI\ TOU/TWN OU) DIA\ DRIMU/THTA TOU= MEGE/QOUS H( METABOLH\ A)PO\ TOU= O(RA=N EI)S TO\ MH\ O(RA=N GI/NETAI, A)LLA\ DIA\ A)MUDRO/THTA TH=S POIO/THTOS E)CAI/FNHS A)FANISMO\S GI/NETAI. OU(/TWS GA\R O)/STRAKON E)N BUQW=| R(IPTO/MENON, E)F' O(/SON KA/TW FE/RETAI, E)PI\ TOSOU=TON ME/GA FAI/NETAI [1TO\ GA\R U(GRO\N XU/SIN POIEI=]1, DIA\ DE\ TH\N A)MUDRO/THTA LOIPO\N TH=S POIO/THTOS EI)S TO\ MH\ O(RA=SQAI TELEUTA=|. KAI\ AU(=TAI ME\N AI( AI)TI/AI TOU= FAI/NESQAI AI(MATW/DH XRW/MATA. H( DE\ AI)TI/A TW=N BOQU/NWN KAI\ TW=N XASMA/TWN AU(/TH: E)PEIDA\N TO\ ME/LAN NE/FOS KAI\ TO\ LAMPRO\N E)N TW=| AU)TW=| W)=SIN E)PIPE/DW|, KA)\N TU/XH| PE/RIC ME\N EI)=NAI TO\ LAMPRO/N, E)N DE\ TW=| ME/SW| TO\ ME/LAN, E)PEIDH\ TO\ ME\N LAMPRO\N MA=LLON KINEI= TH\N O)/YIN, E)P' E)/LATTON DE\ TO\ ME/LAN, SUMBAI/NEI BAQU/TERON FAI/-NESQAI TO\ ME/SON. A)LL' EI) ME\N E)P' O)LI/GON FAI/NETAI, XA/SMA KALEI=TAI: EI) DE\ @1 E)PI\ POLU/, BO/QUNOS: TOU/TW| GA\R MO/NON A)LLH/LWN DIAFE/ROUSIN. O(/QEN KAI\ A)PO\ TW=N E)/CWQEN XASMA/TWN KAI\ BOQU/NWN EI)/RHTAI METAFORIKW=S. I)STE/ON DE/, O(/TI O(/NPER TRO/PON A)LHQE/S E)STIN EI)PEI=N, O(/TI TA\ PLHSI/ON KINOU/MENA TW=N PO/RRW O(MOI/WS KAI\ I)SOTAXW=S KINOUME/NWN FAI/NONTAI TAXU/TERON KINEI=SQAI, OU(/TWS OU)K A)/TOPON EI)PEI=N, O(/TI TA\ MA=LLON LEUKA\ H)\ LAMPRA\ TW=N MELA/NWN PROKINEI= TH\N O)/YIN EI)S A)NTI/LHYIN. DIO\ KA)\N E)N TW=| AU)TW=| TU/XWSIN O)/NTA E)PIPE/DW|, E)CE/XONTA DOKOU=SIN EI)=NAI, TO\ DE\ ME/LAN E)N BA/QEI. DIO\ KAI\ OI( ZWGRA/FOI E)PEIDA/N TI E)CE/XON ZHTW=SI POIH=SAI OI(=ON MAZOU/S, LEUKOU\S AU)TOU\S POIOU=SIN, O(/SA D' E)N BA/QEI, ME/LANA, OI(=ON O)FQALMOU/S, DIA\ TO\ LEUKO\N W(S MA=LLON KINOU=N PLHSI/ON FAI/NESQAI, TO\ DE\ ME/LAN W(S H(=TTON PORRWTE/RW. ME/XRI TOU/TWN PROAGAGW\N TH\N DIDASKALI/AN TW=N O)LIGOXRONI/WN H)\ A)LHQW=N H)\ YEUDW=N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TRE/PETAI NU=N E)PI\ TA\ POLUXRO/NIA, KAI\ PRO/TERON DIALE/GETAI PERI\ KOMHTW=N OU) MA/THN, A)LLA\ DIO/TI OU(=TOS OI(=ON DIA/|TTWN E)STI\N I(STA/MENOS. H)=N DE\ H(MI=N PROSEXW=S PERI\ DIA/|TTONTOS O( LO/GOS. META\ DE\ TO\N KOMH/THN E)REI= KAI\ PERI\ GALACI/OU, E)PEIDH\ O( GALACI/AS OU)DE\N E(/TERO/N E)STIN EI) MH\ KOMH/-THS KUKLIKO/S. TH\N DE\ PERI\ TW=N KOMHTW=N DIDASKALI/AN E)N TRISI\ QEWRI/AIS PARADI/DWSI: KAI\ E)N ME\N TH=| PRW/TH| TA\S PERI\ AU)TW=N GENOME/NAS DO/CAS U(FHGEI=TAI, E)N DE\ TH=| DEUTE/RA| DIELE/GXEI TAU/TAS, E)N DE\ TH=| TRI/TH| TH\N A)LHQH= LE/GEI PERI\ AU)TW=N U(PO/LHYIN, TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N TH\N OI)KEI/AN DO/CAN. A)RCW/MEQA OU)=N A)PO\ TH=S PRW/THS. *)ANACAGO/RAS ME\N O( *KLAZOME/NIOS KAI\ *DHMO/KRITOS O( *)ABDHRI/THS TO\N KOMH/THN E)/FASAN EI)=NAI SU/NODON TW=N PE/NTE PLANWME/NWN, SU/NODON D' OU)K E)P' EU)QEI/AS GINOME/NHN [1AU(/TH GA\R OU)DE\ KURI/WS SU/NODOS]1, A)LLA\ KATA\ KU/KLON A)LLH/LOIS SUNIO/NTWN DI/KHN TINW=N TEMAXW=N SUNTIQEME/NWN, W(S GI/NESQAI KU/KLON. *PUQAGO/RAS DE\ KAI\ *(IPPOKRA/THS, OU)X O( *KW=|OS, A)LL' O( *XI=OS O( TO\N BI/ON PA/LAI E)/MPOROS KAI\ TO\N PARALOGISMO\N TOU= TETRAGWNISMOU= TOU= KU/KLOU E)CEURHKW/S, E(/KTON PLANH/THN E)/LEGEN EI)=NAI TO\N KOMH/THN I)SO/DROMON TW=| TOU= *(ERMOU=: DIO\ W(/SPER O( TOU= *(ERMOU= SPANI/WS FAI/NETAI, OU(/TW KAI\ OU(=TOS. A)LL' O( ME\N *PUQAGO/RAS KAI\ TO\N A)STE/RA KAI\ TH\N KO/MHN E)K TH=S PE/MPTHS E)/LEGE GI/NESQAI OU)SI/AS. O( DE/ GE *(IPPOKRA/THS TO\N ME\N A)STE/RA E)K TH=S PE/M-PTHS, TH\N DE\ KO/MHN A)PO\ TOU= U(PO\ SELH/NHN TO/POU. FHSI\ GA/R, O(/TI A)TMOU= A)NAFEROME/NOU A)PO\ TOU= KOMH/TOU E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW, KAI\ A)NAKLWME/NHS TH=S O)/YEWS H(MW=N PRO\S TO\N H(/LION GI/NESQAI TH\N KO/MHN: O(/TI DE\ DUNATO/N E)STIN E)N NUKTI\ GI/NESQAI A)NA/KLASIN PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, PARAMUQOU/MEQA TOU=TO E)K TOU= PRO\ MIA=S W(/RAS TOU= A)NATEI=LAI H)\ META\ MI/AN TOU= KATADU=NAI FWTI/ZESQAI TH\N KAT' E)KEI=NO TO\ ME/ROS TH=S OI)KOUME/NHS GH=N. O(/TE OU)=N TU/XH| PRO\S A)/RKTOUS W)\N O( H(/LIOS KAI\ O( KOMH/THS, DUNATO/N E)STI GENE/SQAI TH\N TOIAU/THN A)NA/KLASIN KAI\ FAI/NESQAI KOMH/THN: OU)DE\ GA\R A)LLAXOU= SUNI/STATAI EI) MH\ PRO\S TW=| BOREI/W| ME/REI TH=S KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOUME/NHS. E)N ME\N GA\R TW=| METACU\ TW=N TROPIKW=N @1 DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI TH\N DIAKEKAUME/NHN E)KEI= ZW/NHN OU) SUNI/STATAI DIA\ TH\N E)/NDEIAN TH=S A)TMI/DOS H)/TOI TOU= U(LIKOU= AI)TI/OU: A)LLA\ MH\N OU)DE\ E)N TW=| NOTI/W| ME/REI DUNATO/N E)STI GENE/SQAI, EI) KAI\ TA\ MA/LISTA/ E)STIN A)TMO\S E)KEI=, DIA\ TH\N YU/CIN. A)LLA\ ZHTH=SAI A)/CION, PW=S TA\ NO/TIA YUXRA\ EI)RH/KAMEN EI)=NAI. H)\ DITTO\N TO\ NO/TION: TO\ ME\N PRO\S H(MA=S, O(/PER E)KEI=QE/N E)STI TH=S KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOUME/NHS, TO\ DE\ PRO\S TO\ PA=N TO\ PRO\S TW=| NOTI/W| PO/LW|. TA\ ME\N OU)=N PRO\S H(MA=S QERMA\ O)/NTA XHREU/EI TH=S TOU= KOMH/TOU GENE/SEWS: TA\ DE\ PRO\S TO\ PA=N NO/TIA, EI) KAI\ YUXRA/, A)LLA\ DI' A)/LLHN AI)TI/AN XHREU/OUSIN: OU)DE\ GA\R TOU= H(LI/OU O)/NTOS E)N BOREI/W| DUNATO\N GENE/SQAI A)NA/KLASIN, OU)DE\ MH\N E)N TW=| NOTI/W|. DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN; E)PEIDH\ POLU/ E)STI TO\ U(PO\ GH=N TOU= NOTI/OU, E)/LATTON DE\ TO\ U(PE\R GH=N, W(S DHLOU=SIN AI( E)N XEIMW=NI NU/KTES MAKRO/TERAI OU)=SAI. OU) DU/NATAI DE\ GENE/SQAI A)NA/KLASIS DI' O(/LHS TH=S NUKTO/S, DIO/TI POLU\ A)PE/XEI O( H(/LIOS U(PO\ GH=N W)\N TOU= PLA/NHTOS U(PE\R GH=N O)/NTOS. A)LL' OU)DE\ MH\N DUNATO/N E)STIN H(LI/OU O)/NTOS E)N TOI=S BOREI/OIS, TOU= DE\ PLA/NHTOS E)N TOI=S NOTI/OIS GENE/SQAI DI' O(/LHS TH=S NUKTO\S TH\N A)NTANA/KLASIN. 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E)K ME\N TOU= TO/POU OU(/TWS: I)STE/ON, O(/TI O( ZW|DIAKO\S PLA/TOS E)/XEI, PLA/TOS DE\ OU)X H(=| KU/KLOS, A)LL' H(=| ZW/NH: TOU=TO DE\ TO\ PLA/TOS OU)/TE PLE/ON DE/KA MOIRW=N LAMBA/NEI, OU)/TE E)/LATTON. PERI\ TOU=TO TO\ PLA/TOS OI( PLANW/MENOI KINOU=NTAI PLE/ON TW=N DE/KA MORI/WN MH\ KINOU/MENOI MHD' E)PI\ TA\ BO/REIA MHD' E)PI\ TA\ NO/TIA, A)LL' H)\ KAI\ E)/LATTON I)/SWS. E)/DEI OU)=N TO\N KOMH/THN, EI) TW=N PLANW-ME/NWN EI(=S E)STIN, W(S *PUQAGO/RAS KAI\ *(IPPOKRA/THS EI)RH/KASIN, H)\ SU/NODOS PA/NTWN, W(S *)ANACAGO/RAS KAI\ *DHMO/KRITOS, MHDE/POTE PERAITE/RW TW=N DE/KA MORI/WN FAI/NE-SQAI TOU= ZW|DIAKOU=. W)/FQHSAN DE\ POLLOI\ POLLA\S MOI/RAS A)POSTA/NTES TOU= ZW|DIA-KOU=. 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O( OU)=N TH=S *)AFRODI/THS A)STH\R KAI\ E(SPE/RIO/S E)STI KAI\ E(W=|OS: E(W=|OS ME/N, E)PEIDH\ PROANATE/LLEI TOU= H(LI/OU: E(SPE/RIOS DE/, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ META\ DU/SIN AU)TOU= FAI/NETAI. KAI\ TO\ QAUMASTO/N, O(/TI TAU=TA GI/NONTAI EI)S TA\ E(PO/MENA TOU= H(LI/OU AU)TH=S TUGXANOU/SHS, OI(=ON I(/NA NOH/SHTE TO\N ME\N H(/LION *KRIW=| MOI/RAS , TH\N DE\ SELH/NHN E)PI\ TOU= TOU= ZW|DIAKOU= MOI/RAS PLH\N % O(/TAN TOU=TO GI/NHTAI, O(/TAN TA\ E(PO/MENA SHMEI=A KAI\ PROHGOU/MENA E)PI\ E(NO\S H)=| KU/KLOU KAI\ TOU= BOREI/OU: E)PI\ GA\R DIAFO/RWN KU/KLWN TOU=TO OU) GI/NETAI. E)PI\ DE\ *(ERMOU= SUMBAI/NEI KAI\ TH\N TELEI/AN AU)TW=N A)PO/STASIN A)PE/XONTA TOU= H(LI/OU MH\ FAI/NESQAI DIA\ TO\ MH\ A)PE/XEIN KATA\ PLA/TOS TOU= H(LI/OU E)PI\ TA\ BO/REIA, A)LL' E)PI\ TA\ NO/TIA. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N EI)/RHTAI O( KOINO\S E)/LEGXOS A)PO\ TOU= TO/POU, FE/RE KAI\ TO\N A)PO\ TOU= PLH/QOUS SKOPH/SWMEN. EI)/TE SU/NODON TW=N PLANH/TWN EI)/TE E(/KTON U(POQW/MEQA PLA/NHTA EI)=NAI TO\N KOMH/THN, OU)K E)/DEI SUNEXW=S FAI/NESQAI, W(S EI)/RHTAI, KOMH/TAS OU)DE\ E)N TW=| AU)TW=| NU=N PLEI/OUS E(NO/S. I(STO/RHNTAI DE\ KAI\ SUNEXW=S FAINO/MENOI KAI\ E)N TW=| AU)TW=| NU=N PLEI/ONES E(NO/S. TRI/TOS E)/LEGXOS O( @1 E)K TW=N A)PLANW=N. EI)/TE GA\R E(/KTOS PLA/NHS EI)/TE SU/NODO/S E)STI TW=N PLANW-ME/NWN, OU)K E)/DEI A)PLANH= POTE KOMH/THN FANH=NAI. W)/FQH DE\ A)PLANH\S KOMH/-THS: KAI\ I(/NA PA/LIN MH\ A)/LLWN MNHMONEU/SWMEN, TOU= E)PI\ H(MW=N GENOME/NOU MNHSQW=MEN, % O(\S EI)/RHTAI E)PI\ E(NO\S A)STE/ROS TW=N PERI\ TH\N KEFALH\N TOU= *DRA/-KONTOS TOU= E)N TOI=S A)/RKTOIS. TE/TARTOS E)/LEGXOS O( E)K TH=S FQORA=S: TI/ DH/POTE GA\R MHDE/PW E)FA/NH H)\ DIALUO/MENOS EI)S TOU\S PE/NTE PLANH/TAS H)\ TO\N E(/KTON E)KEI=NON PLA/NHTA, A)LLA\ KATA\ ME/ROS MARAI/NETAI KAI\ A)FANI/ZETAI EI)S OU)DE/NA A)STE/RA DIALUO/MENOS; TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N KOINA\ TAI=S TRISI\ DO/CAIS E(PO/MENA A)/TOPA. I)/DIA D' E(/PETAI A)/TOPA TOI=S LE/GOUSIN E)K TH=S SUNO/DOU TW=N PE/NTE A)STE/RWN GI/NESQAI TO\N KOMH/THN TAU=TA: PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI E)/DEI TO\N KOMH/THN TO/TE GI/NE-SQAI, O(/TE SU/NODOS TW=N PLANH/TWN GI/NETAI: NU=N D' O(RW=MEN, O(/TI O(/TE SU/NODOS TW=N PLANH/TWN GE/GONE, KOMH/THS OU)K E)FA/NH, KAI\ KOMH/THS E)FA/NH SUNO/DOU MH\ GENOME/NHS, W(S E)DH/LWSA/N TINES TW=N PLANH/TWN GINO/MENOI. DEU/TERON A)/TO-PON: EI) E)K TH=S MI/CEWS KAI\ TH=S SUNO/DOU TW=N PE/NTE PLANH/TWN LE/GETAI GI/NE-SQAI TO\N KOMH/THN, TI/ DH/POTE MH\ KAI\ A)PLANH= PLANWME/NOIS MIGNU/MENON LE/GE-TAI POIEI=N KOMH/THN; TI/S GA\R H( A)POKLH/RWSIS: EI) DE\ TOU=TO, A)/TOPON. KAI\ GA\R POLLOI\ PLANH=TAI U(PE/DRAMON A)PLANH=, W(S *)ARISTOTE/LHS I(STO/RHSE TO\N TOU= *DIO\S U(PODRAMO/NTA A)PLANH= TINA A)STE/RA TW=N *DIDU/MWN, KAI\ O(/MWS OU) GE/GONE KOMH/-THS: POLLH\ DE/ E)STIN H( MARTURI/A TOU/TOU PAR' *AI)GUPTI/OIS. TRI/TON A)/TOPON: EI) TA\ TH=| FU/SEI A)DIAI/RETA SUNTIQE/MENA OU) POIEI= DIAIRETO/N [1O(/SA GA\R DH/POTE E)A\N SUNQH=| SHMEI=A, OU)DE\N PLE/ON POIEI= H)\ SHMEI=ON]1, E)/DEI KAI\ TA\ TH=| AI)SQH/SEI A)DIAI/RETA SUNTIQE/MENA MH\ POIEI=N DIAIRETO\N TH=| AI)SQH/SEI: NU=N D' O(RW=MEN, O(/TI O( KOMH/THS ME/GISTOS PA/NU FAI/NETAI U(PE\R TH\N A)NALOGI/AN TH=S SUNQE/SEWS. PLH\N SESO/FISTAI O( LO/GOS: DU/NATAI GA\R POLLA\ TH=| AI)SQH/SEI A)DIAI/RETA POI-H=SAI DIAIRETO/N. TI/ OU)=N LE/GOMEN; O(/TI POLLA\ SUNTIQE/MENA, OU(=TOI DE\ OU) POLLA\ E)/LEGON SUNE/RXESQAI, A)LL' O)LI/GA: PE/NTE GA\R MO/NON. PRO\S DE\ TA\S A)NAKLA/SEIS FHSI/N, O(/TI EI) LE/GEIS DIA\ TA\S A)NAKLA/SEIS GI/NESQAI TH\N KO/MHN, E)/DEI, E)N W(=| TO/PW| MH\ DU/NATAI GENE/SQAI A)NA/KLASIS, MH\ GENE/SQAI KO/MHN. NU=N DE\ I(STO/-RHTAI E)N PANTI\ TO/PW| GINO/MENOS KOMH/THS. W)=PTAI GA\R E)N TW=| METACU\ TW=N TROPIKW=N TOU= I)SHMERINOU=, A(/PER EI)SI\N E)GGU\S TH=S DIAKEKAUME/NHS, TH\N A)RXH\N E)/XWN KOMH/THS: A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)N TW=| NOTI/W| KU/KLW| KAI\ E)N TW=| BOREI/W| O)/NTOS W)=PTAI SUNISTA/MENOS KOMH/THS. KAI\ TI/ DH/POTE E)/LEGEN O( *(IPPOKRA/THS; MHD' E)N TW=| ZW|DIAKW=| DIA\ TH\N E)/NDEIAN TOU= U(LIKOU= MHD' E)N TW=| NOTI/W| H(LI/OU ME\N E)N TW=| BOREI/W| O)/NTOS H)\ E)N TW=| NOTI/W| GI/NESQAI KOMH/THN. OU(=TOI KAI\ OI( I)DIA/ZONTES E)/LEGXOI TW=N DU/O U(POQE/SEWN. *PUQAGO/RAN GA\R OU)DE\N H)CI/WSEN I)DI/A| E)LE/GCAI W(S EU)ELE/GKTOU O)/NTOS TOU= EI)PEI=N KO/MHN E)K TH=S PE/M-PTHS OU)SI/AS DIAFQEIROME/NHN. EI) DE\ TOU=TO OU(/TWS, E)/STI KERDA=NAI TI, O(/TI *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\N GALACI/AN TOU= A)E/ROS PA/QOS LE/GEI SUNHGORIKW=S. %2%2%2 OU(=TOS @1 GA\R A)\N TO\N A)EI\ W(SAU/TWS E)/XONTA PA/QOS E)/LEGEN, % O(\ E)K TOU= MH\ A)EI\ W(SAU/-TWS E)/XEIN XARAKTHRI/ZON TA\ U(PO\ SELH/NHN. A)LL' H(MEI=S ME\N DIA\ TO\ SAFE\S PRW=TON TA\ KOINA\ EI)RH/KAMEN A)/TOPA, EI)=TA KAI\ TA\ I)/DIA E(KA/STHS DO/CHS, E(KA/-STW| KAI\ TO\ OI)KEI=ON A)PODIDO/NTES KATA\ TO\N POIHTH\N EI)PO/NTA: @@KRI=N' A)/NDRAS KATA\ FU=LA, KATA\ FRH/TRAS, *)AGA/MEMNON: O( D' *)ARISTOTE/LHS SUGKEXUME/NWS AU)TA\ PARADI/DWSIN. {1<20*PRW=TON ME\N OU)=N TOI=S LE/GOUSIN, O(/TI TW=N PLANWME/NWN EI(=S E)STI>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*)EPEIDH\ FILOKAQO/LOU O( FILO/SOFOS, TA\ KAQO/LOU PRW=TON PARADI/DWSIN A)/TOPA: KAI\ PRW=TON TO\ A)PO\ TOU= TO/POU. {1<20*)EN TW=| KU/KLW| U(POLEI/PETAI TW=N ZW|DI/WN.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI PERI\ TO\N ZW|DIAKO\N KINOU=NTAI: TH\N GA\R KI/NHSIN AU)TW=N A)STRONO-MIKW=S U(PO/LEIYIN E)KA/LESEN. {1<20*EI)=TA KAI\ PLEI/OUS E(NO/S: A(/MA GA\R GEGE/NHTAI.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ TO\ DEU/TERON TO\ E)K TOU= PLH/QOUS KOINO\N A)/TOPON. {1<20*PRO\S DE\ TOU/TOIS EI) DIA\ TH\N A)NA/KLASIN>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*TAU=TA OU)KE/TI KOINA/. PRI\N GA\R TA\ U(PO/LOIPA DU/O EI)PEI=N KOINA/, TRE/PE-TAI KAI\ E)PI\ TO\N I)/DION E)/LEGXON TOU= *(IPPOKRA/TOUS SUGKEXUME/NWS TH\N DIDASKA-LI/AN POIOU/MENOS: O(/TI DE/, FHSI/N, EI) DIA\ TO\N TOIO/NDE TO/PON KO/MH AU)TW=| PROS-GI/NETAI, OU)K E)/DEI OU)D' E)N TW=| ZW|DIAKW=| OU)D' E)N TW=| NOTI/W|, EI)/TE NO/TIO/S E)STIN O( H(/LIOS EI)/TE BO/REIOS, SUNI/STASQAI KOMH/THN: POLLA/KIS DE\ W)=PTAI. {1<20*NU=N DE\ OU)DEI\S W)=PTAI PARA\ TOU\S PE/NTE.>20}1 @*TOU=TO PRO\S TOU\S LE/GONTAS E(/KTON PLA/NHTA, O(/TI XWRI\S KO/MHS OU)DE/POTE OU(=TOS W)=PTAI: KAI\ MH\N W)/FEILEN. A)LL' I)/SWS TIS E)REI=, O(/TI U(PO\ GH=N E)STIN H)\ U(PO\ TA\S AU)GA\S KRU/PTETAI TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU)X O(RA=TAI. TI/ OU)=N LE/GOMEN; O(/TI OU)K E)C A)NA/GKHS. TI/S GA\R H( A)POKLH/RWSIS TOU\S ME\N PE/NTE FAI/NESQAI KAI\ POLLA/KIS A(/MA PA/NTAS E)N TW=| U(PE\R GH=N H(MISFAIRI/W|, TOU=TON @1 DE\ MH\ FAI/NESQAI. LOIPO\N EI)=PEN: E)/CWQEN EI) H)=N PLA/NHS, W(/SPER E)KEI=NOI KATALAMBA/NONTAI, KAI\ GINW/SKOMEN, PO/TE GI/NONTAI E)/CAUGOI, PO/TE DE\ KRU/PTONTAI, OU(/TWS A)\N KAI\ OU(=TOS. OU)DEI\S DE\ ME/XRI TH=S NU=N H)DUNH/QH PROEIPEI=N E)SO/-MENON, % EI)/ POTE DE\ DIAFQEI/RETAI: OU)K A)/RA PLA/NHS E)STI/N. {1<20*KAI\ FANERW=S DE\ O)/NTWN AU)TW=N KAI\ MH\ PA/NTWN FAINO-ME/NWN.>20}1 @*TOU=TO/ FHSI PRO\S TH\N DO/CAN TH\N LE/GOUSAN SU/NODON: KOMH/THS GA\R E)FA/NH FAINOME/NWN TW=N PLANH/TWN H)\ A(PA/NTWN H)\ TINW=N. SU\ DE\ EI)PE/, O(/TI KAI\ SUNO/DOU MH\ GENOME/NHS GEGO/NASI KOMH=TAI KAI\ GENOME/NHS OU)K E)GE/NONTO. {1<20*)ALLA\ MH\N OU)DE\ TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, O(/TI E)N TW=| PRO\S A)/RKTON TO/PW| GI/NETAI KOMH/THS MO/NON.>20}1 @*TOU=TO PRO\S *(IPPOKRA/THN LE/GETAI, O(/TI OU)K E)N MO/NW| TW=| BOREI/W| GI/NONTAI KU/KLW| KOMH=TAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)N TH=| DIAKEKAUME/NH| E)GE/NONTO: E)N DE\ TW=| I)SH-MERINW=| E)FA/NHSAN TH\N A)RXH\N E)/XONTES, O(/STIS OI(=ON KE/NTRON E)STI\ TOU= ZW|DIA-KOU=. A)LL' EI) MH\ FAI/NETAI H( DIAKEKAUME/NH, PW=S E)/XEI E)KEI= GEGONE/NAI; H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI E)STOXA/SATO GENOME/NOU AU)TOU= PERI\ TH\N A)RXH\N TOU= I)SHMERINOU=, O(/TI PA/NTWS KAI\ TH=S DIAKEKAUME/NHS ME/ROS KRATEI=: H)\ TO\ A)LHQE/STERON EI)PEI=N, GE/GRAPTAI TOI=S PALAIOI=S TO\ POSO\N TH=S FAINOME/NHS PARALLA/CEWS LOCW=S TH=S FAINOME/NHS E)POXH=S PRO\S TH\N A)LHQH= E)POXH\N KAQ' E(/KASTON KLI/MA. KAI\ E)K TOU/TOU MA=LLON EU(=REN, O(/TI E)N TH=| DIAKEKAUME/NH| ZW/NH| E)GE/NETO KOMH/THS. {1<20*(/O TE GA\R ME/GAS KOMH/THS O( GENO/MENOS PRO\S TO\N E)N *)AXAI/+A| SEISMO\N KAI\ TH\N TOU= KU/MATOS E)/FODON.>20}1 @*EI)KO/TWS GA\R ME/LLONTOS GI/NESQAI SEISMOU= KAI\ KATAKLUSMOU= E)FA/NH ME/GAS KOMH/THS, DI' O(\N POLLH\ H)=N H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS. E)NTAU=QA SFODRO/-TATOI E)GE/NONTO A)/NEMOI KAI\ U(PO/GEIOI KAI\ A)PO/GEIOI. DIA\ ME\N TOU\S U(POGEI/OUS GE/GONEN O( SEISMO/S: DIA\ DE\ TOU\S A)POGEI/OUS A)LLH/LOIS E)C E)NANTI/OU PNEU/SANTAS E)KORUFW/QH H( QA/LASSA KAI\ E)PH/RQH EI)S U(/YOS ME/GISTON. EI)=TA A)POLH/CANTOS TOU= E(TE/ROU TW=N A)NE/MWN E)FHMME/NOS E)PAU/SATO O( A)/NEMOS, E)PI\ E)KEI=NON E)CH-ME/QH TO\ U(/DWR KAI\ GE/GONEN E)PIKLUSMO/S. OU)DE\ GA\R KATAKLUSMO\S A)PO\ U(ETOU= GI/NETAI. {1<20*KAI\ PRO\S NO/TON H)/DH POLLOI\ GEGO/NASI.>20}1 @*TOU=TO PA/LIN PRO\S TO\N *(IPPOKRA/THN. @1 {1<20*)EPI\ DE\ A)/RXONTOS *)AQH/NH|SIN *EU)KLE/OUS TOU= *MO/LWNOS.>20}1 @*KAI\ TOU=TO PRO\S *(IPPOKRA/THN. DEI/KNUSI GA\R W(S E)PI\ A)/RXONTOS *EU)KLE/OUS E)GE/NETO KOMH/THS PRO\S A)/RKTON MHNO\S *GAMHLIW=NOS, TOUTE/STIN H(LI/OU O)/NTOS E)N TOI=S NOTI/OIS ME/RESI: TW=| *GAMHLIW=NI GA\R MHNI\ E)N *(UDROXO/W| E)STI\N O( H(/LIOS. PW=S OU)=N H(LI/OU O)/NTOS E)N TOI=S NOTI/OIS GE/GONE KOMH/THS; A)DU/NATON GA/R, W(S E)/LEGEN *(IPPOKRA/THS. GAMH/LIOS DE\ MH\N E)LE/GETO PAR' *)AQHNAI/OIS DIA\ TO\ KAT' E)KEI=NON TO\N KAIRO\N TOU\S GA/MOUS E)PITELEI=SQAI: EU)/LOGON GA\R W)/|ONTO TO/TE SPEI/REIN, O(/TE KAI\ H( GH= A)RDEU/ETAI: E)PITH/DEIOS GA\R O( KAIRO\S PRO\S KARPW=N GE/NESIN. {1<20*KOINO\N DE\ TOU/TOIS KAI\ TOI=S SU/NAYIN LE/GOUSI PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI KAI\ TW=N A)PLANW=N LAMBA/NOUSI KO/MHN.>20}1 @*PA/LIN KOINO\N E)/LEGXON POIEI=TAI TO\N A)PO\ TW=N A)PLANW=N. OU)K E)/DEI GA/R POTE A)PLANH= FANH=NAI KO/MHN E)/XONTA KAQ' U(MA=S H)\ SU/NODON TW=N PLANWME/NWN H)\ E(/KTON PLA/NHTA U(POQEME/NOUS TO\N PLANH/THN. EI)SI\ DE\ POLLOI\ KAI\ A)PLANEI=S KO/MHN EI)LHFO/TES: KAI\ PARATI/QETAI I(STORI/AN: KAI\ O( E)PI\ H(MW=N DE\ GENO/MENOS, W(S EI)/RHTAI, TOIOU=TOS E)FA/NH, KAI\ OI( *AI)GU/PTIOI DE\ POLLH\N E)/XOUSI TH\N TOU/TWN MARTURI/AN. O( DE/ GE *)ARISTOTE/LHS TOIOU=TO/N FHSIN E(WRAKE/NAI, O(/TI KO/MHN E)/SXEN A)MUDRA/N, H(/TIS TOI=S ME\N A)TENI/ZOUSI PRO\S AU)TH\N A)MUDRA\ E)FAI/NETO DIA\ TO\ KRATEI=SQAI U(PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS [1PA=N GA\R TO\ KRATOU/MENON U(P' AU)TH=S MIKRO\N FAI/NETAI]1, E)N DE\ TW=| PARABLE/PEIN MEGI/STH E)FAI/NETO DIA\ TO\ KATAKRATEI=N TH\N O)/YIN TOU= LAMPROU= AU)TH=S. {1<20*PRO\S DE\ TOU/TOIS PA/NTES OI( KAQ' H(MA=S W)MME/NOI A)/NEU DU/SEWS.>20}1 @*TO\N E)K TH=S FQORA=S E)NTAU=QA KOINO\N POIEI=TAI E)/LEGXON. OU)DEI\S GA\R TW=N KAQ' H(MA=S O)FQE/NTWN OU)D' EI)S E(/NA E)FA/NH DIALUQEI/S. EI) DE\ PE/NTE, E)/DEI ME/NEIN TOU\S A)STE/RAS W(S E)K TH=S PE/MPTHS O)/NTAS OU)SI/AS, KATA\ DE\ *PUQA-GO/RAN KAI\ TH\N KO/MHN. E)NTEU=QEN DE/, W(S KAI\ E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| EI)/RHTAI, H)DUNH/-QHMEN KERDA=NAI KAI\ PERI\ TOU= GALACI/OU, O(/TI OU(=TOS OU) PA/QOS E)STI\N A)E/ROS: H)= GA\R A)/N POTE KAI\ E)FQEI/RETO. {1<20*PERI\ OU(= PRO/TERON E)MNH/SQHN>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*PERI\ TOU= GENOME/NOU E)N TAI=S I)SHMERINAI=S DUSMAI=S LE/GEI, O(/TI E)FA/NH @1 XEIMW=NOS O)/NTOS KAI\ PAGETOU= KAI\ AI)QRI/AS: AI)QRI/AS DE\ OU) TH=S A)PO\ TW=N A)NE/-MWN NU=N LE/GEI, A)LLA\ TH=S A)P' O)/MBRWN. OU(=TOS DE\ OU)K W)/FQH TH=| PRW/TH| H(ME/RA| DIA\ TO\ KATADEDUKE/NAI TO\N H(/LION. % O( ME\N TOI=S PROHGOUME/NOIS SUSTA/S. E)TEKMH/RATO DE\ SUSTA/NTA AU)TO\N E)K TOU= ME/GISTON AU)TO\N FANH=NAI E)N TH=| DEU-TE/RA| H(ME/RA|. OU)DE\ GA\R A)QRO/WS TOSOU=TON E)CE/TEINEN, W(S TO\ TRI/TON ME/ROS TOU= OU)RANOU= FWTI/SAI. E)FA/NH DE\ TH=| DEUTE/RA| PRO\S O)LI/GON PA/NU, E)PEIDH\ MHDE\ POLU\ U(STE/RHSE TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA, W(S E)N TOI=S E(POME/NOIS TOU= H(LI/OU GENE/SQAI: DIO\ E)PEIDH\ O)LI/GON E)FA/NH, KAI\ EU)QE/WS KATE/DU. % A(/MA DE\ KAI\ E)KLH/QH W(S OI(=O/N TI PH/DHMA POIH/SAS, E)KLH/QH DE\ KAI\ "3O(DO\S"3 DIA\ TO\ EI)S MH=KOS AU)TO\N A(/LLESQAI KAI\ DU/SAS DE/ TI E)FW/TIZE TO\ TRI/TON ME/ROS TO\ U(PE\R GH=N, W(S A(/TE ME/GAS W)\N OU)K A)/PORON: KAI\ GA\R "3O( H(/LIOS"3 DIA\ TO\ PLOU/SION TOU= FWTO\S E)KLH/QH KAI\ PRO\ TOU= A)NATEI=LAI KAI\ META\ TO\ DU=SAI FWTI/ZEI ME/ROS TO\ U(PE\R GH=N. {1<20*KAI/TOI *DHMO/KRITO/S GE PROSPEFILONEI/KHKEN.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ EI)=PEN, O(/TI E)/DEI H)\ EI)S A)STE/RAS DIALU/ESQAI TOU\S KOMH/TAS, EI) SU/NODOS AU)TW=N E)STIN, H)\ EI)S A)STE/RA, EI) E(/KTOS PLA/NHS E)STI/N, FHSI/N, O(/TI PRO\S TOU=TO FILONEI/KWS FERO/MENOS *DHMO/KRITOS E)/FH DIALU/ESQAI TOU\S KOMH/-TAS EI)S A)STE/RAS, O(/PER OU)K E)/XEI TO\ FAINO/MENON: OU) GA\R E)FA/NH TOU=TO. E)/PEITA DE\ DIA\ TI/ POTE\ ME\N TOU=TO GI/NETAI, POTE\ DE\ OU)/; PLH\N DUNATO\N EI)PEI=N U(PE\R *DHMOKRI/TOU, O(/TI I)/SWS KAT' AU)TO\N GENO/MENOI DIELU/QHSAN A)STE/RES: E)N TOU/TW| DE\ MO/NON DIH/MARTEN, O(/TI KOINW=S PERI\ PA/NTWN A)PEFH/NATO KAI\ OU) PERI\ TW=N KAT' AU)TO\N O)FQE/NTWN KAI\ MO/NON. {1<20*PRO\S DE\ TOU/TOIS KAI\ OI( *AI)GU/PTIOI FASI\ KAI\ TW=N PLANH/-TWN KAI\ PRO\S AU)TOU/S.>20}1 @*)/IDIOS E)/LEGXOS TW=N LEGO/NTWN TH\N SU/NODON. DIA\ TI/ GA\R MH\ KAI\ E)K TH=S SUNO/DOU TW=N PLANWME/NWN PRO\S A)PLANH= GI/NETAI KOMH/THS; KAI/TOI POLLH/ GE TOU/TOU E)STI\N H( PEI=RA PARA\ *AI)GUPTI/OIS, O(/TI SU/NODOS GI/NETAI KAI\ OU) FAI/NETAI KOMH/THS: KAI\ H(MEI=S DE/, FHSI/N, E(WRA/KAMEN TO\N *DIO\S A)STE/RA U(PODRA-MO/NTA E(/NA TW=N E)N TOI=S *DIDU/MOIS, KAI\ O(/MWS OU)K E)FA/NH KOMH/THS. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ KAI\ E)K TOU= LO/GOU.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ TO\N E)K TH=S MARTURI/AS E)/LEGXON E)POIH/SATO, DIA\ TOU=TO/ FHSIN, @1 O(/TI KAI\ TO\N E)K TOU= LO/GOU DUNATO\N AU)TOU\S E)LE/GCAI, TO\N TRI/TON EI)RHME/NON E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| PRO\S TOU/TOUS E)/LEGXON. DH=LON DE\ GE/GONE TO\ SUGKEXUME/NON TH=| LE/CEI, OI)=MAI. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*)EPEIDH\ PERI\ TW=N A)FANW=N TH=| AI)SQH/SEI>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*)EPEIDH\ TA\S YEUDEI=S DO/CAS PERI\ TOU= KOMH/TOU I(STORH/SAMEN, FE/RE KAI\ TH\N A)LHQH= DO/CAN PERI\ AU)TOU= EI)/PWMEN, TOUTE/STI TH\N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ GENO/MENON TO\N KOMH/THN GNWRI/ZOMEN, OU)K I)/SMEN DE\ PW=S GI/NETAI, FE/RE KAI\ TO\N NO/MON TW=N E)XO/NTWN A)FANH= TH\N GE/NESIN KATA\ TAU=TA DIDA/CWMEN. NO/MOS TOI/NUN E)PI\ TW=N A)GNOOUME/NHN TH\N GE/NESIN E)XO/NTWN U(POQE/SEIS TINA\S PARA-LAMBA/NEIN, AI(=S OU)DE\N E(/PETAI A)DU/NATON. OU(/TW GA\R KAI\ TO\ SUMBEBHKO\S W(RI/SATO *)ARISTOTE/LHS LE/GWN: "SUMBEBHKO/S E)STIN O(\ MH\ U(PA/RXEI, TEQE/N-TOS DE\ AU)TOU= OU)DE\N A)DU/NATON E(/PETAI". % OU(/TWS OU) DEI= KEXRH=SQAI KAI\ DIDA/SKEIN AU)TO/. KAI\ E)ROU=MEN KATA\ *PLA/TWNA, O(/TI H)\ TOU=TO/ E)STI TO\ ZHTOU/MENON H)\ TOIOU=TON. KAI\ TH=S TOU= KOMH/TOU OU)=N GENE/SEWS DEI= PROS-LABEI=N U(POQE/SEIS TINA/S, AI(=S OU)DE\N E(/PETAI A)DU/NATON. EI)SI\ D' AI( U(PO-QE/SEIS AU(=TAI: PRW/TH, O(/TI TO\ A)/KRON TOU= A)POGEI/OU KO/SMOU SUMPERIFE/RE-TAI TW=| PANTI/, TOUTE/STI TOU= A)E/ROS. DEUTE/RA, O(/TI E)KPUROU=TAI KAI\ E)K-KAI/ETAI. TRI/TH, O(/TI OU)DE\ SFODROTA/TH W)/FEILEN EI)=NAI H( E)/CAYIS OU)DE\ A)MUDROTA/TH, W(S A)SQENH\S KAI\ KATAKRATEI=TAI KAI\ KATASBE/NNUTAI, H( DE\ SFODROTA/TH A)POSBE/NNUTAI LO/GW| TOU= A)POREI=N U(/LHS: E)KKAI/ETAI GA\R TAXE/WS. TE/TARTON DEI= EI)=NAI KAI\ PAXUTE/RAN U(/LHN, I(/NA E)PI\ PLEI/ONA XRO/NON E)PI-MEI/NH| KAIOME/NH. PE/MPTON, O(/TI DEI= KAI\ E)K TH=S GH=S A)NAFE/RESQAI LIGNU\N E)PITHDEI/AN AU)TW=|. PE/NTE U(POQE/SESI TAU/TAIS E(/PETAI H( TOU= KOMH/TOU GE/NESIS. O( GA\R KOMH/THS E)N TW=| U(PEKKAU/MATI GI/NETAI KAI\ SUMPERIA/GETAI TW=| PANTI/, W(S DHLOI= O( TOI=S AU)TOI=S A)/STROIS PARANATE/LLWN KAI\ DU/NWN. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)/C-AYI/S E)STIN, W(S DHLOI= TO\ PURW=DES AU)TO/. KAI\ OU)DE\ SFODROTA/TH OU)DE\ A)MU-DROTA/TH H( E)/CAYIS, W(S DHLOI= TO\ PARATEI/NEIN AU)TO\ E)PI\ XRO/NON. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ PAXUTE/RA H( U(/LH, W(S DHLOI= PA/LIN TO\ XRO/NION. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)K TH=S GH=S E)PITHDEI/A LIGNU\S A)NA/GETAI, W(S DHLOI= TO\ MH\ A)EI\ AU)TO\N GI/NESQAI, A)LL' O(/TAN PLEONA/SH| H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS. AU(/TH PRW/TH GE/NESIS TOU= KOMH/TOU. DEUTE/RA GE/NESIS: TOU= DIA/|TTONTOS NEMOME/NOU TH\N E)PITHDEI/AN U(/LHN, E)A\N E)PI-TU/XH| KATANTH/SASA H( E)/CAYIS EI)S PAXUTE/RAN U(/LHN, I(/STATAI KAI\ POIEI= TO\N @1 KOMH/THN. KAI\ TAU/THN E)/CAYIN KALEI= O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS KAI\ A)RXH\N KAI\ PE/RAS EI)=NAI A)STE/ROS: PE/RAS ME\N GI/NETAI TOU= DIA/|TTONTOS, A)RXH\ DE\ TOU= KOMH/TOU. EI)SI\ DE\ TW=N KOMHTW=N DIA/FORA SXH/MATA, A(\ PARE/PONTAI TH=| DIAFO/RW| E)CA/YEI TH=S U(/LHS. H)\ GA\R KATA\ MH=KOS MO/NON E)STI\N H( E)/CAYIS, OU) DH/POU DE\ KAI\ KATA\ PLA/TOS, KAI\ GI/NETAI O( DOKI/AS KALOU/MENOS: H)\ KAI\ KATA\ MH=KOS KAI\ KATA\ PLA/TOS KAI\ KALEI=TAI KURI/WS KOMH/THS: H)\ KAI\ E)N BA/QEI E)/XEI OI(=ON A)POSPIN-QHRISMOU/S TINAS KAI\ KALEI=TAI PWGWNI/AS. TREI=S OU)=N DIAFORAI\ TW=N KOMHTW=N. 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TI/ GA\R EI) TU/-XOI KATA\ KA/QETON AU)TOU= TH=S E)CA/YEWS W)\N O( A)STH/R; A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)N TW=| A)/NW TO/PW| GI/NETAI MH\ PERI\ A)STE/RA W)/N: TI/ GA\R EI) TU/XOI MH\ W)\N KATA\ KA/QETON AU)TOU= TH=S E)CA/YEWS O( A)STH/R; A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)N TW=| A)/NW TO/PW| GINOME/NOUS E)/FH PERI\ A)STE/RA GI/NESQAI DIA\ TO\ E)N OU)RANW=| NOMI/ZESQAI EI)=NAI DIA\ TO\ MH=KOS TOU= DIASTH/MATOS, TOU\S DE\ E)N TW=| KA/TW TO/PW| OU)K EI)=PE PERI\ A)STE/RA GI/NE-SQAI DIA\ TO\ PLHSIA/ZEIN H(MI=N. E)F' OI(=S LOIPO\N KATASKEUA/ZEI, O(/TI TO\ PURW=DES TO\ E)N TW=| KOMH/TH| OU)K E)/STIN A)PATHLO/N, A)LL' A)LHQINO\N U(PA/RXEI. KAI\ GA\R @1 E)K PURW/DOUS GI/NETAI A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. A)ME/LEI OU)=N O(PHNI/KA GE/NHTAI KOMH/THS, AU)XMO\S POLU\S GI/NETAI KAI\ A)/NEMOI SFODRO/TATOI DIA\ TO\ DHLOU=SQAI POLLH\N TH\N GE/NESIN TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. TOU=TO DE\ AU)TO\ KAI\ *)/ARATOS E)PISTA/MENOS E)/FH: @@POLLOI\ GA\R KOMO/WSIN E)N AU)XMHRW=| E)NIAUTW=|. 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KATA\ DE\ TO\N AU)TO\N TRO/PON EI)RH/KAMEN GI/NESQAI KAI\ TO\N DIA/|TTONTA A)STE/RA: A)LL' E)KEI= ME/N, W(S EI)/RHTAI, OU)K E)N TW=| AU)TW=| TO/PW| ME/NEI H( E)K-PU/RWSIS, A)LLA\ DIADI/DOTAI SPORA/DHN E)K TOU= ME/SOU DIA\ TH\N A)/GAN LEPTOME/-REIAN LANQA/NONTOS. {1<20*(/OTAN OU)=N EI)S TH\N TOIAU/THN PU/KNWSIN PE/SH|.>20}1 @*PRI\N EI)/PH| TH\N TRI/THN U(PO/QESIN, TH\N TETA/RTHN LE/GEI, O(/TI XRH\ PAXEI=AN EI)=NAI TH\N U(/LHN, I(/NA E)PI\ PLEI=ON MEI/NH| KAIOME/NH. DE/ON D' EI)PEI=N "3PAXEI=AN"3 "3PUKNH\N"3 EI)=PEN, W(S A)\N TH=S PUKNH=S U(/LHS PAXUTE/RAS U(PARXOU/SHS. {1<20*)ARXH\ DE\ OU(/TWS PURW/DHS MH/TE OU(/TW LI/AN>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*(H TRI/TH U(PO/QESIS, O(/TI XRH\ TH\N E)/CAYIN MH/TE SFODROTA/THN PA/NU EI)=NAI MH/TE A)MUDRA/N: E(KATE/RA GA\R E)P' O)LI/GON A)NTARKEI=, H( ME\N SFODRA\ DIA\ TO\ DAPANA=N R(A|DI/WS TH\N U(/LHN KAI\ MH\ EU)POREI=N E(TE/RAS, H( D' A)MUDRA\ DIA\ TO\ A)POMARAI/NESQAI. {1<20*(/AMA DE\ KA/TWQEN SUMPI/PTEI A)NABAI/NEIN.>20}1 @*(H PE/MPTH U(PO/QESIS, O(/TI XRH\ E)PITHDEI/AN A)NAQUMI/ASIN A)NADI/DOSQAI. {1<20*)ASTH\R TOU=TO GI/NETAI KOMH/THS.>20}1 @*TO\ SUMPE/RASMA. E)A\N GA/R, FHSI/N, AU(=TAI PA=SAI AI( U(POQE/SEIS SUNDRA/-MWSI, KOMH/THS GI/NETAI, A)LLA\ PRO\S TO\ DIA/FORON SXH=MA TOU= E)KKAIOME/NOU KAI\ TO\ SXH=MA TOU= KOMH/TOU GI/NETAI. H)\ GA\R KAI\ KATA\ MH=KOS KAI\ KATA\ PLA/TOS GI/NETAI E)/CAYIS KAI\ KALEI=TAI KURI/WS KOMH/THS, O(\N FAI/HS FLO/GA POLUXRO/NION: H)\ KATA\ MH=KOS MO/NON KAI\ KALEI=TAI DOKI/AS [1TOIOU=TOI GA\R KAI\ OI( DOKOI/]1, KAI\ EI)/POIS E)NTAU=QA DALO\N POLUXRO/NION: H)\ KAI\ KATA\ BA/QOS E)/XEI TH\N E)/CAYIN KAI\ OI(ONEI\ A)POSPINQHRI/ZEI KAI\ KALEI=TAI PWGWNI/AS, W(S OU)DE\N A)/LLO E)STI\N H)\ E)C E)PIMONH=S. {1<20*(/WSPER DE\ H( TOIAU/TH FORA\ A)STE/ROS FORA\ DOKEI= EI)=NAI, @OU(/TW KAI\ H( MONH\ H( O(MOI/A A)STE/ROS MO/NH DOKEI= EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*TOU=TO/ FHSIN, O(/TI KAQA/PER H( TH=S E)CA/YEWS KI/NHSIS E)NOMI/ZETO A)STH\R @1 EI)=NAI [1O( GA\R DIA/|TTWN A)STH\R E)NOMI/ZETO]1, OU(/TW KAI\ H( ME/NOUSA E)/CAYIS W(S E)PI\ TOU= KOMH/TOU A)STH\R EI)=NAI NOMI/ZETAI. E)/STIN OU)=N KOMH/THS DIA/|TTWN ME/NWN KAI\ POLUXRO/NIOS. {1<20*EI) DE\ TOU=TO MEI/NEIE KAI\ MH\ KATAMARANQEI/H DIELQO/N, H(=| MA/LISTA E)PU/KNWSE TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA, GE/NOIT' A)\N A)RXH\ TH=S FQORA=S TELEUTH\ TH=S DIADROMH=S.>20}1 @*TH\N DEUTE/RAN GE/NESIN LE/GEI TOU= KOMH/TOU. E)A\N GA/R, FHSI/, DIA/|TTONTOS GINOME/NOU EU(REQH=| PUKNOTE/RA H( U(/LH, I(/STATAI E)KEI=SE H( E)/CAYIS KAI\ POIEI= KOMH/-THN, O(/STIS KAI\ A)RXH/ E)STIN A)STE/ROS KAI\ PE/RAS TH=S DIADROMH=S TOU= PROLA-BO/NTOS A)STE/ROS, FHMI\ DH\ TOU= DIA/|TTONTOS. {1<20*(/OTAN OU)=N E)N AU)TW=| TW=| KA/TW TO/PW|>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TO\ DIESFALME/NON QEW/RHMA PARADI/DWSIN, O(/TI OI( ME\N PERI\ TO\N KA/TW TO/PON KOMH=TAI OU) GI/NONTAI PERI\ A)STE/RAS, OI( DE\ PERI\ TO\N A)/NW GINO/-MENOI PERI\ A)STE/RAS GI/NONTAI. O(/PER A)/TOPON: PLH\N DIH/|THSEN E)N TH=| QEWRI/A|. 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TO/TE DE\ TOSAU/TH H)=N A)NAQUMI/ASIS H( KAPNW/DHS, W(/STE KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= O)/ROUS METEWRISQH=NAI LI/QON KAI\ E)N TH=| PEDI-A/DI KATARRHXQH=NAI. KAI\ OU) QAUMASTO\N TOU=TO: OI( GA\R A)/NEMOI KAI\ PRO/RRIZA DE/NDRA A)POSPW=SIN. {1<20*KAI\ PERI\ TO\N ME/GAN A)STE/RA TO\N KOMH/THN.>20}1 @*PERI\ OU(= KAI\ PRW=TON EI)=PEN, E)F' OU(= KATAKLUSMO\S KAI\ SEISMO\S H)KOLOU/-QHSEN: KAI\ E)PI\ TOU/TW| GA\R PNEU/MATA POLLA\ H)KOLOU/QHSAN. {1<20*TOU= DE\ MH\ GI/NESQAI POLLOU\S KOMH/TAS MHDE\ POLLA/KIS.>20}1 @*TH\N AI)TI/AN LE/GEI, DI' H(\N SPANI/WS GI/NETAI KOMH/THS. LE/GEI DE\ DU/O AI)TI/AS, W(=N H( PRW/TH E)STI\ TOIAU/TH: SPANI/WS KAI\ E)KTO\S TW=N TROPIKW=N KAI\ E)NTO\S GI/NETAI KOMH/THS: O)LI/GH GA/R E)STIN H( E)MFEROME/NH E)N AU)TOI=S KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, KAI\ TAU/THN DIAKRI/NEI O( H(/LIOS KAI\ TA\ LOIPA\ A)/STRA KAI\ OU)K E)A=| SUSTH=NAI KOMH/THN. KAI\ AU(/TH PRW/TH. DEUTE/RA AI)TI/A: E)PEIDH/, FHSI/N, H( @1 KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS EI)S TO\N GALACI/AN E)KDAPANA=TAI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN SPANI/WS GI/NETAI KOMH/THS A)PORI/A| TH=S U(LIKH=S AI)TI/AS. A)/TOPOS DE\ O( LO/GOS: O( GA\R GALACI/AS OU)K E)/STI PA/QOS TOU= A)E/ROS, W(S DEI/COMEN, EI) KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO BOU/LETAI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PW=S DE\ KAI\ DIA\ TI/NA AI)TI/AN KAI\ TI/ E)STI TO\ GA/LA.>20}1 @*META\ TO\N TOU= KOMH/TOU LO/GON ME/TEISIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS KAI\ E)PI\ TO\N GALACI/AN DIA\ TREI=S AI)TI/AS: H)\ O(/TI TW=| MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON TAU/TH| A)LLH/LWN DIA-FE/ROUSIN [1O(\ GA\R KOMH/THS PERI\ KU/KLON E(NO\S A)STE/ROS, TOU=TO GALACI/AS PERI\ KU/KLOUS PLEIO/NWN A)STE/RWN]1, H)\ O(/TI KATH/NTHSEN O( PERI\ KOMH/TOU LO/GOS EI)S TO\N GALACI/AN [1PRO\S GA\R TW=| PE/RATI E)/FH SPANI/WS FAI/NESQAI TO\N KOMH/THN DIA\ TO\ PA=SAN TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN EI)S TO\N GALACI/AN E)KDAPANA=SQAI]1, TRI/TON, O(/TI W(/SPER A)PO\ TW=N O)LIGOXRONI/WN *)ARISTOTE/LHS [1FLOGW=N FHMI KAI\ AI)GW=N KAI\ DALW=N KAI\ DIA|TTO/NTWN]1 METH=LQEN E)PI\ TA\ POLUXRO/NIA, OI(=ON E)PI\ KOMH/THN, OU(/TW KAI\ A)PO\ TW=N POLUXRONI/WN ME/TEISIN E)PI\ TA\ POLUXRONIW/TATA. PERI\ DE\ GALACI/OU DIALEGO/MENOS PRO/TERON TA\S YEUDEI=S DO/CAS DIELE/GXEI KAI\ OU(/TWS U(/STERON TH\N E(AUTOU= PARADI/DWSI. KAI\ A)MEI/NOUS E)NTAU=QA OI( DIWKO/-MENOI TOU= KATHGO/ROU: PA/NTES GA\R BOU/LONTAI E)N TW=| OU)RANW=| EI)=NAI GALACI/AN, MO/NOS DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS KAKW=S DIAPRATTO/MENOS E)N TW=| A)E/RI AU)TO/N FHSIN ˆEI)=NAI. E)/STI DE\ A)POLOGH/SASQAI U(PE\R *)ARISTOTE/LOUS, O(/TI OU)DE\ AU)TO\S PERI\ TOU/TOU A)POFAI/NETAI: LE/GEI GA\R "3EU)/LOGON DE/ E)STIN I)/SWS U(POLABEI=N"3, TOU=TO D' E)NDOIASTIKO/N E)STIN W(S TO\ PIQANO/N, A)LL' OU) TO\ A)LHQE\S E)/XON. LOIPO\N DE\ KAI\ E)K TOU= E)N A)RXH=| EI)RHME/NOU "W(=N TA\ ME\N A)POROU=MEN [PERI\ GALACI/OU], TW=N DE\ E)FAPTO/MEQA/ TINA TRO/PON": TO\ GA\R "3A)POROU=MEN"3 E)PI\ TOU= GALACI/OU EI)/RHTAI. EI) DE\ KAI\ W(S A)PO\ TOU= OI)KEI/OU PROSW/POU TO\N LO/GON PROFE/RETAI, OU)X O(/TI TAU/THS E)STI\ TH=S DO/CHS, A)LLA\ DIA\ TOU= OI)KEI/OU PROSW/POU E)MBRIQESTE/RAN KAI\ GENNAIO-TE/RAN TH\N TW=N E(TERODO/CWN U(PO/LHYIN KATASTH=SAI BOULO/MENOS. TW=N DE\ PERI\ GALACI/OU YEUDW=N DOCW=N TESSA/RWN OU)SW=N DU/O *PUQAGO/REIOI/ EI)SI, TW=N DE\ A)/LLWN H( ME\N *)ANACAGO/REIO/S E)STIN, H( DE\ LOIPH\ *(IPPOKRA/TEIOS. E)/STI DE\ H( PRW/TH TOIAU/TH: *FAE/QWN, FHSI/N, O( A)PO\ *(HLI/OU KAI\ *KLUME/NHS H)/|THSE TO\N I)/DION @1 PATE/RA PARADOU=NAI AU)TW=| TO\ A(/RMA, E)F' W(=| H(NIOXEI=TAI. E)PEI/SQH, E)/DWKEN, E)/LABEN, A)TEXNW=S H)/LASEN, E)LA/SAS KATE/FLECE, KAI\ O( TO/POS E)KEI=NOS O( KATA-FLEXQEI/S E)STIN O( GALACI/AS. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ MUQW=DES TO\ LEGO/MENON, A)/TOPON DE\ MUQW/DH TAU=TA NOMI/ZEIN *PUQAGOREI/OU TH=S DO/CHS KAQESTHKUI/AS, FE/RE TAU/THN A)LLHGORH/SWMEN OU(/TWS: O( *FAE/QWN KOMH/THS H)=N. PAI=S DE\ *(HLI/OU E)PWNOMA/SQH A)PO\ H(LI/OU, W(/SPER KAI\ PA=N A)GAQO\N A)PO\ TOU= QEI/OU. "3OU(=TOS H)/|THSE TO\N *(/HLION H(NIOXH=SAI"3 A)NTI\ TOU= "3E)FI/ETO TH=S KINH/SEWS TOU= H(LI/OU KU/KLW| GINOME/NHS"3: DIO\ KAI\ AU)TO\S KU/KLW| E)KINH/QH TOU= U(PEKKAU/MATOS U(PE\R FU/SIN TW=| PANTI\ SUGKINH-QE/NTOS. "3KINHQEI\S DE\ KATE/FLECEN"3 A)NTI\ TOU= "3AU)XMW=N AI)/TIOS E)GE/NETO"3: TOIOU=TOS GA\R KAI\ O( KOMH/THS. "3TOU=TON"3, FHSI/N, "3O( *ZEU\S O)RGISQEI\S E)KERAU/NWSEN"3. DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN; W(S TOU= AI)QE/ROS A)/RXWN KATA\ TO\ EI)RHME/NON: @@*ZEU\S D' E)/LAX' OU)RANO\N EU)RU\N E)N AI)QE/RI KAI\ NEFE/LH|SIN. "3E)KERAU/NWSE DE\ AU)TO/N"3 A)NTI\ TOU= "3U(PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS KATE/SBESEN"3. DIO\ KAI\ E)N TW=| *)HRIDANW=| LE/GOUSI TOU=TON PEPTWKE/NAI, TOUTE/STIN U(PO\ TH=S U(GRO/THTOS KATABAPTISQH=NAI. O)DU/RESQAI DE\ AU)TO/N FASI TA\S *(HLIA/DAS A)NTI\ TOU= TH\N A)TMI/DA E)C AU)TOU= KATARREI=N U(DATW/DH OU)=SAN OI(=A KAI\ TA\ DA/KRUA. EI)S AI)GEI/ROUS DE\ LE/GOUSI TAU/TAS METABEBLH=SQAI, DIO/TI A)PO\ TW=N AI)GEI/RWN O)PO\S KATARREI= O(/MOIOS TW=| H)LE/KTRW|. TO\ DE\ H)/LEKTRON XRUSOFANE/S E)STIN, O( DE\ XRUSO\S TW=| H(LI/W| A)NA/KEITAI: TH\N OU)=N A)TMI/DA W(S TW=| H(LI/W| SUMPRA/CASAN AU)TW=| A)NATI-QE/ASIN. AU(/TH PRW/TH *PUQAGO/REIOS DO/CA. TAU/THS W(S MUQW/DOUS PARASIWPA=| O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\N E)/LEGXON: TO\ GA\R KATADH/LWS E)LEGXO/MENON PERITTO\N EI)S E)CE/TASIN PROFE/RESQAI, DIO\ KAI\ MO/NAS TREI=S E)N TW=| PE/RATI LE/GEI DO/CAS W(S A)\N MHDE\ LOGISA/MENOS TAU/THN. DEUTE/RA DO/CA KAI\ AU(/TH *PUQAGO/REIOS OU)=SA, E)/XEI DE\ OU(/TWS: O( H(/LIO/S POTE MH\ TH\N TOU= ZW|DIAKOU= KAI\ KATA\ FU/SIN O(DO\N BADI/SAS, A)LL' E(TE/RAN A)TRAPO\N DIANU/SAS E)CEPU/RWSEN AU)TH\N KAI\ W(/SPER LEW-FO/RON O(DO\N U(PO\ A(MA/CHS KATATRIBEI=SAN EI)RGA/SATO, KAI\ E)KEI=NOS O( TO/POS E)STI\N O( GALACI/AS O)NOMAZO/MENOS. A)LLA/, FHSI/N, A)/TOPOS U(PO/QESIS: E)/DEI GA\R TO\N ZW|DIAKO\N MA=LLON GALACI/AN EI)=NAI, E)PEIDH\ DI' AU)TOU= TH\N POREI/AN A)EI\ O( H(/LIOS POIEI=TAI. E)/STI DE\ PROSEUPORH=SAI TH=| LE/CEI KAI\ H(MA=S TOIOU=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: A)/TOPO/N E)STI TO\ EI)PEI=N TO\N H(/LION A)MEI=YAI TO\N TO/PON: TA\ GA\R E)/XONTA SUN-EXH= TH\N KI/NHSIN SUNE/XEI KATA\ R(UQMO\N TO\ U(POKEI/MENON KAI\ OU)DE/POTE TOU=TO A)MEI/BEI: EI) GA\R A)MEI/YEI, OU)KE/TI TO\ SUNEXE\S TH=S KINH/SEWS DIASW/ZETAI. TRI/TH DO/CA *)ANACAGO/ROU KAI\ *DHMOKRI/TOU. OU(=TOI/ FASI TO\N GALACI/AN EI)=NAI TO\ I)/DION FW=S TW=N A)STE/RWN TW=N MH\ FWTIZOME/NWN U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU. E)/XOUSI GA/R, FHSI/, TA\ A)/STRA TO\ I)/DION FW=S KAI\ E)PI/KTHTON TO\ A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU. KAI\ DHLOI= H( SE-LH/NH. TAU/THS GA\R E(/TERON ME\N TO\ I)/DION FW=S, E(/TERON DE\ TO\ A)PO\ H(LI/OU: TO\ GA\R I)/DION AU)TH=S FW=S A)NQRAKW=DE/S E)STIN, W(S DHLOI= H(MI=N H( E)/LLEIYIS AU)TH=S. @1 A)LL' OU) PA/NTA, FHSI/, TO\ E)PI/KTHTON DE/XONTAI: TA\ OU)=N MH\ DEXO/MENA E)KEI=NA TO\N KU/KLON TOU= GALACI/OU A)PERGA/ZONTAI. E)LE/GXEI DE\ KAI\ TAU/THN TH\N DO/CAN *)ARISTOTE/LHS TRISI\N E)PIXEIRH/MASIN, W(=N TO\ PRW=TON TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: O( GALACI/AS A)EI\ W(SAU/TWS FAI/NETAI MH/TE TO\N TO/PON MH/TE A)/LLO TI E)NALLA/TTWN. A)LLA\ MH\N O( H(/LIOS OU)K A)EI\ TW=N AU)TW=N A)/STRWN TO\ AU)TO\ DIA/STHMA A)PE/XEI, % EI) KAI\ DW=MEN, O(/TI TINA\ OU) FWTI/ZEI. A)LL' OU)=N TA\ AU)TA\ OU) FWTI/ZEI A)EI/, A)LLA\ DIA/FORA DIA\ TO\ DIA/FORON AU)TOU= ME/TRON TH=S A)POSTA/SEWS. EI) DE\ TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, E)/DEI MH\ E)N TW=| AU)TW=| TO/PW| A)EI\ O(RA=SQAI TO\N GALACI/AN. A)LLA\ MH\N E)N TW=| AU)TW=| O(RA=TAI: A)/TOPOS A)/RA H( U(PO/QESIS. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O( H(/LIOS PA/NTA FWTI/ZEI TA\ A)/STRA, OU)KOU=N KAI\ TO\N KU/KLON TOU= GALACI/OU: A)/TOPON GA/R TINA THLIKOU=TON KU/KLON O)/NTA TOU=TON TO\N GALACI/AN U(PO\ [TOU= KU/KLOU] TOU= KW/NOU TH=S SKIA=S TH=S GH=S E)PISKOTI/ZESQAI, W(/STE MH\ SUGXWREI=N TO\ A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU FW=S E)PI\ TO\N GALACI/AN KINEI=SQAI. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) O( KW=NOS TH=S SKIA=S TH=S GH=S OU) FQA/NEI ME/XRI TH=S H(LIAKH=S SFAI/RAS [1MO/LIS GA\R E)F-A/PTETAI TH=S *(ERMAI+KH=S SFAI/RAS O( KW=NOS TH=S SKIA=S KAI\ OU)DE/POTE AU)TO\N SKOTI/ZEI, O(RW=MEN DE\ TO\N H(/LION KAI\ TO\N GALACI/AN MHDE/POTE SKOTIZO/MENON]1, DH=LON, O(/TI A)NWTE/RW E)STI\ TH=S SELHNIAKH=S SFAI/RAS, EI)/ GE AU)TH\ SKOTI/ZETAI, OU)DE\ TO\N GALACI/AN E)PISKOTI/SEI POLLW=| TOU= H(LI/OU U(PERE/XONTA. O(/TI DE\ MEI/ZWN KAI\ E)K PLEI/ONOS DIASTH/MATOS % O( KW=NOS TH=S SKIA=S TH=S GH=S TOU= KU/KLOU TOU= H(LI/OU, DH=LON. DE/DEIKTAI GA\R E)N A)STRONOMI/A|, O(/TI EI)/KOSI ME/RH A)PE/XEI O( H(/LIOS A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU, O(/ E)STI TH=S GH=S. TOU/TWN DE\ TW=N EI)/KOSIN H( DIA/METROS TOU= KW/NOU TH=S GH=S [2PE/NTE]2 E)/XEI, W(S A)PO\ TH=S GH=S ME/XRI TOU= KW/NOU AU)TH=S PE/NTE EI)=NAI. H( DE\ SELH/NH A)PO\ TH=S GH=S E(\N A)PE/XEI, W(S EI)=NAI E)PA/NW TH=S SELH/NHS TO\N KW=NON TH=S GH=S TE/SSARSI ME/RESIN: O(/LOS GA\R O( KW=NOS PE/NTE E)STI\ MERW=N [1H)/TOI MORI/WN, W(S QE/LEIS, EI)PE/]1, W(=N H( SELH/NH E(\N A)PE/XEI. O( DE\ H(/LIOS A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU EI)/KOSIN A)PE/XEI, A)PO\ DE\ TH=S SKIA=S TOU= KW/NOU DE/KA PE/NTE ME/RH A)PE/XEI, E)NNEAKAI/DEKA DE\ A)PO\ TH=S SELH/NHS. EI) DE\ TOU=TO KAI\ TO/SON A)PE/XEI, OU)DE/POTE H( SKIA\ ME/XRI TOU/TOU FQA/NEI: EI) DE\ MH\ ME/XRI AU)TOU=, OU)DE\ ME/XRI TOU= GALACI/OU POLLW=| U(PERA/NW O)/NTOS: E)N TH=| A)PLANEI= GA/R E)STIN. TOU=TO KAI\ TO\ TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA. TETA/RTH DO/CA *(IPPOKRA/TOUS TOU= *XI/OU. OU(=TO/S FHSI TO\N GALACI/AN GI/NESQAI A)NAKLA/SEWS GENOME/NHS PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, A)LL' A)NAKLA/SEWS OU)K A)PO\ A)TMI/DOS, KAQA/PER E)/FAMEN E)PI\ TOU= KOMH/TOU, A)LL' A)PO\ A)STE/RWN. FE/RETAI OU)=N, FHSI/N, H( O)/YIS PRO\S TOU\S A)STE/RAS, KAI\ E)KEI=QEN A)NAKLA=TAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION KAI\ OU(/TW FE/RETAI PRO\S H(MA=S. OU(/TWS O( *(IPPO-KRA/THS. E)LE/GXEI DE\ AU)TO\N DUSI\N E)PIXEIRH/MASIN. E)/STI DE\ TO\ PRW=TON TOI-OU=TON: TI/ DH/POTE A)EI\ O( GALACI/AS W(SAU/TWS FAI/NETAI E)/XWN; E)PI\ GA\R TH=S A)NAKLA/SEWS EI) ME\N KAI\ TO\ O(RW=N KAI\ TO\ O(RW/MENON KAI\ TO\ E)/NOPTRON H)REMOI/H, @1 A)EI\ KAI\ W(SAU/TWS FAI/NETAI E)/XON TO\ O(RW/MENON: EI) DE/ TI TOU/TWN KINHQEI/H, OU)X W(SAU/TWS. A)LLA\ MH\N E)NTAU=QA TO\ ME\N O(RW=N MO/NWS H)REMOU=N, OI( A)STE/RES DE\ KAI\ O( H(/LIOS KINOU=NTAI, OI( ME\N MI/AN KI/NHSIN TH=S A)PLANOU=S, OI( DE\ DU/O, TH/N TE TH=S A)PLANOU=S KAI\ TH\N I)DI/AN, OU)K E)/DEI A)EI\ TH\N AU)TH\N EI)=NAI E)/MFASIN. EI) GA\R KAI\ TOU= O(RW=NTOS A)EI\ TO\ AU)TO\ DIA/STHMA A)PE/XEI TO/ TE E)/NOPTRON KAI\ TO\ O(RW/MENON, DIO/TI E)N TW=| KE/NTRW| TO\ O(RW=N, A)LL' OU)=N O(/MWS A)LLH/LWN OU)X O(MOI/WS A)PE/XOUSIN. O(/TI DE\ TOU=TO A)LHQE\S KAI\ OU)K A)EI\ TA\ A)/STRA TOU= H(LI/OU TO\ AU)TO\ DIA/STHMA A)PE/XOUSI, DHLOU=SI DELFI=NES POTE\ ME\N PERI\ TH\N E(/W A)NATE/LLONTES, POTE\ DE\ PERI\ TO\ ME/SON TH=S NUKTO/S, POTE\ DE\ META\ TH\N E(SPE/RAN EU)QE/WS. ňDEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: E)A\N U(/DWR E)N A)GGEI/W| BA/LWMEN KAI\ DIA\ TOU/TOU TO\N GALACI/AN QEASW/MEQA, SUMBAI/NEI PERI\ TH\N O)/YIN DU/O A)NAKLA/SEIS U(POME/NEIN, O(/PER A)/TOPON: KAI\ GA\R FE/RETAI PERI\ TO\N A)STE/RA, EI)=TA A)NAKLA=TAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, KAI\ GI/NETAI MI/A A)NA/KLASIS. A)LL' I(/NA DIA\ TOU= U(/DATOS O(RAQH=|, A)NA/GKH KAI\ E(TE/RAN KLA/SIN U(POMEI=NAI OU)X OI(/AN PRO/TERON: OU) GA\R KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN, A)LLA\ KATA\ DIA/KLASIN: A)/TOPOS OU)=N O( LO/GOS. 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E)N TOU/TOIS H( QEWRI/A. {1<20*PW=S DE\ KAI\ DIA\ TI/NA AI)TI/AN GI/NETAI KAI\ TI/ E)STI TO\ GA/LA, LE/GWMEN H)/DH.>20}1 @*DU/O PROBLH/MATA PROTI/QETAI ZHTH=SAI: E(\N ME\N TO\ PW=S KAI\ DIA\ POI/AN AI)TI/AN GI/NETAI O( GALACI/AS, E(/TERON DE/, TI/ O(/LWS O( GALACI/AS E)STI/N. EI)/RHTAI DE\ E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| H( AI)TI/A TH=S TA/CEWS, DI' H(\N O( GALACI/OU LO/GOS TO\N TOU= KO-MH/TOU DIEDE/CATO. {1<20*TW=N ME\N OU)=N KALOUME/NWN *PUQAGOREI/WN FASI/ TINES O(DO\N EI)=NAI TAU/THN.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TA\S DU/O I(STOREI= DO/CAS TA\S *PUQAGOREI/OUS, TH\N MI/AN TH\N MU- @1QW/DH TH\N AI)TIWME/NHN TH\N O(DO\N TOU= *FAE/QONTOS, KAI\ TH\N A)/LLHN TH\N AI)TIW-ME/NHN TH\N TOU= H(LI/OU O(DO/N. O(/QEN E)PEIDH\ E(KATE/RA TH\N O(DO\N AI)TIA=TAI, EI) KAI\ DIA/FORON, DIA\ TOU=TO TA\S DU/O EI)S MI/AN E)LA/BOMEN. 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E)N TOU/TOIS DE/ E)STI PA=SA H( DU/NAMIS TH=S QEWRI/AS. A)LL' EI) DOKEI= E(KA/STW| AU)TW=N E)PEC-E/LQWMEN KAI\ E(/KASTON AU)TW=N DIAKWDWNI/SWMEN. PRW=TON ME\N OU)=N E)STIN E)PI-XEI/RHMA TO\ A)PO\ TH=S A)NALOGI/AS O)\N TOIOU=TON: O(/PER E)STI\ KOMH/THS PERI\ E(/NA A)STE/RA, TOU=TO/ E)STI GALACI/AS PERI\ O(/LON KU/KLON. DIAFE/REI DE\ TO\ PRW=TON PARA/DEIGMA TOU= DEUTE/ROU, O(/TI TO\ PRW=TON KATA\ TH\N U(/LHN KOINWNEI= [1H( GA\R AU)TH\ U(/LH GALACI/OU KAI\ KOMH/TOU]1, TO\ DE\ DEU/TERON KATA\ MO/NHN TH\N A)NA/KLASIN @1 KOINWNEI=: TH\N GA\R U(/LHN E)/XEI DIA/FORON. H( GA\R A(/LWS E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS GI/NETAI: TOU=TO GA\R W)/|ETO. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ E)K TOU= MEGE/QOUS. O( GA\R GALA-CI/AS PERI\ ME/GISTON KU/KLON GI/NETAI: DIO\ KAI\ ME/GISTOS: POLLH\ GA\R H( GINO-ME/NH E)/CAYIS, E)PEIDH\ POLLH\ H( KI/NHSIS. O(/SW| GA\R MEI/ZWN O( KU/KLOS, PLEI/WN KAI\ SFODROTE/RA H( KI/NHSIS GI/NETAI. KAI\ OI( ME/GISTOI OU)=N KU/KLOI KAI\ OI( MI-KROI\ E)N TW=| AU)TW=| XRO/NW| POIOU=NTAI A)POKATA/STASIN, W(/S FHSI KAI\ O( *)/ARA-TOS PERI\ TOU= *KRIOU= LE/GWN OU(/TWS: @@O(/S R(A/ TE KAI\ ME/GISTA DIWKO/MENOS PERI\ KU/KLOU, @@OU)DE\N A)FAURO/TERON TROXA/EI *KUNOSOURI/DOS *)/ARKTOU. E)PEI\ OU)=N PERI\ ME/GISTON KU/KLON GI/NETAI, POLLH\ E)C A)NA/GKHS KAI\ H( E)/CAYIS SUMBAI/NEI: DIO\ KAI\ ME/GISTOS O( GALACI/AS. O(/TI DE\ ME/GISTOS, DH=LON TW=| PA/SH| TH=| DIAME/TRW| AU)TO\N TOU= ZW|DIAKOU= E)PEKTEI/NESQAI: O(/TI GA\R E)PEKTEI/NETAI, SA-FE\S E)K TOU= SUMBA/LLEIN AU)TOU= TO\N KU/KLON KATA/ TE *TOCO/THN KAI\ TOU\S *DIDU/-MOUS, A(/PER E)K DIAME/TROU EI)SI/. TRI/TON E)STI\N E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ E)K TH=S QE/-SEWS: H(=| O( GALACI/AS OU)K E)N AU)TW=| E)STI TW=| ZW|DIAKW=|, A)LLA\ PE/RIC, W(S E)PI-LAMBA/NEIN KAI\ TW=N TROPIKW=N, PRO/DHLON, O(/TI PA/QOS E)STI\ TOU= A)E/ROS: W(/SPER GA\R O( KOMH/THS OU) GI/NETAI PERI\ TH\N DIAKEKAUME/NHN ZW/NHN DIA\ TO\ E)KDAPA-NA=SQAI TH\N U(/LHN, OU(/TWS OU)DE\ O( GALACI/AS PERI\ TH\N O(DO\N TOU= H(LI/OU GI/NETAI: E)KDAPANA=TAI GA\R H( U(/LH. TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI GALACI/AS E)STI\N O(/POU PLH=QO/S E)STI POLLW=N KAI\ LAMPRW=N KAI\ SUNEXW=N A)STE/RWN, A)ME/LEI TOSOU=TON, O(/TI H( TOU/TWN SUNE/XEIA KAI\ PUKNO/THS E)STI\N AI)TI/A TOU= GALACI/OU, O(/TI O(/POU SUNEXE/STEROI EI)SI\ PA/NU OU(=TOI OI( A)STE/RES, E)KEI= GI/NETAI TO\ DI/PLWMA TOU= GA-LACI/OU TO\ KALOU/MENON. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N DIA\ TESSA/RWN E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN DEI/-KNUSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\N GALACI/AN PA/QOS EI)=NAI TOU= A)E/ROS. O( DE\ ME/GAS *)AMMW/NIOS DIA\ I)SARI/QMWN E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN A)PODEI/KNUSIN, O(/TI OU)K E)/STI PA/QOS A)E/ROS, KAI\ E)/STI PRW=TON TO\ E)K TOU= A)NALLOIW/TOU. EI) GA\R PA/QOS H)=N O( GA-LACI/AS, E)/DEI AU)TO\N A)LLOI/WSIN A)NADE/XESQAI KAI\ E)N ME\N TW=| QE/REI TUXO\N DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI PLEI/ONA TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN LAMPRO/TERON GI/NESQAI, E)N DE\ TW=| XEIMW=NI A)MAUROU=SQAI. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ E)K TOU= KAQO/LOU. KAQ-O/LOU GA\R OU)DE\N TW=N GINOME/NWN E)K PA/QOUS A)E/ROS E(\N O)\N KAT' A)RIQMO\N PA/SH| TH=| GH=| O(RA=TAI: NU=N D' O( GALACI/AS PA=SI TOI=S E)N TH=| GH=| O(MOI/WS O(RA=TAI. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA E)K TH=S SELH/NHS. AU(/TH GA\R U(POKA/TW E)STI\ TOU= GALACI/OU, DIO/TI AU)TH\ ME\N PARALLA/TTEI. DEI/KNUTAI DE\ TOU=TO E)N TH=| SUNTA/CEI *PTOLEMAI/W|, O(/TI TA\ ME\N PARALLA/SSONTA KATWTE/RW EI)SI/, TA\ DE\ H(=TTON A)NWTE/RW. TE/TAR-TON E)PIXEI/RHMA E)K TW=N U(POLOI/PWN PLANWME/NWN, O(/TI KAI\ TOU/TWN E)PA/NW E)STI\N O( ZW|DIAKO\S E)N AU)TH=| W)\N TH=| A)PLANEI=. EI) GA\R H)=N KATWTE/RW TH=S A)PLA-NOU=S, H(NI/KA U(PEREI=XE TO\N *TOCO/THN KAI\ *DIDU/MOUS, KAQ' OU(\S KAI\ SUMBA/LLEI @1 O( KU/KLOS AU)TOU=, NOQEU/EIN H)/MELLEN AU)TOU= TH\N XROI/AN, KAI\ O(/MWS LEUKO/TERA/ E)STI TAU=TA O(RA=N. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ E)/CWQEN PROSEUPORH=SAI KAI\ A)/LLO E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI EI) H)=N PA/QOS TOU= A)E/ROS, E)/DEI, KAQA\ SUMBA/LLEI TW=| *TOCO/TH| KAI\ *DIDU/MOIS, E)KEI=NA MHDE\ O(/LWS FAI/NESQAI: H)= GA\R OU) DU/NATAI PLHSI/ON TH=S O(DOU= TOU= H(LI/OU SUNI/STASQAI, W(S KAI\ AU)TO\S E)/FH *)ARISTOTE/LHS. {1<20*)ANALABO/NTES TH\N U(POKEIME/NHN A)RXH/N.>20}1 @*POI/AN TAU/THN; O(/TI E)STI\ TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA: TOU=TO GA\R KAT' A)RXA\S EU)-QE/WS PARADE/DEIKTAI. {1<20*(/OTI TO\ E)/SXATON TOU= LEGOME/NOU A)E/ROS DU/NAMIN E)/XEI PURO/S.>20}1 @*KALW=S EI)=PE <20LEGOME/NOU,>20 E)PEIDH\ OU) KURI/WS E)STI\N A)H/R. DU/NAMIN DE\ ̈EI)=PEN E)/XEIN PURO\S DIA\ TO\ PEFUKE/NAI E(TOI/MWS E)CA/PTESQAI: OU) GA\R TOIOU=TON TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA, OI(=O/N E)STI TO\ DIAKONIKO\N PU=R. {1<20*TOIOU=TON DEI= NOH=SAI GINO/MENON OI(=ON PERI\ E)KEI=NA.>20}1 @*TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ E)K TH=S A)NALOGI/AS. {1<20*(/OTAN MH/T' AU)TH\ KAQ' AU(TH\N GE/NHTAI H( TOIAU/TH E)/KKRISIS.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ E)NTEU=QEN SHMEI/WSAI, O(/TI TO\N GALACI/AN FHSI\ KOMH/TH| A)NALOGEI=N OU) TW=| TUXO/NTI, A)LLA\ TW=| PERI\ A)STE/RA O)/NTI TW=N E)NDEDEME/NWN, TOUTE/STI TW=N MH\ KINOUME/NWN. PLH\N ME/NTOI XRH\ H(MA=S EI)DE/NAI, O(/TI O( *PTOLEMAI=OS A)PODEI/KNU-SIN, O(/TI KAI\ TAU=TA TA\ A)/STRA DIA\ E(KATO\N E)TW=N KINOU=NTAI MI/AN MOI=RAN, W(S MHDE\N EI)=NAI A)KI/NHTON. {1<20*DIA\ TO\ PARAKOLOUQEI=N AU)TW=N TH=| FORA=|>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*TO\ A)/LLO PARA/DEIGMA TO\ A)PO\ TH=S A(/LW, PLH/N, W(S EI)/RHTAI, E)N TOU/TW| H( DIAFORA/, O(/TI H( ME\N A(/LWS GI/NETAI E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS, O( DE\ GALACI/AS E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. {1<20*EU)/LOGON GA/R, EI)/PER H( E(NO\S A)/STROU KI/NHSIS.>20}1 @*(/ORA, PW=S KAI\ AU)TO\S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)NDOIA/ZEI: OU) GA\R EI)=PEN "3A)NAG- @1KAI=ON"3, A)LLA\ MA=LLON <20EU)/LOGON.>20 OU) GA\R DOKEI= AU)TW=| A)LHQH= EI)=NAI TA\ PERI\ TOU= GALACI/OU NU=N LEGO/MENA. {1<20*)ANA/GKH TOI/NUN TW=N AU)TW=N MEGI/STWN KU/KLWN MA/LISTA TH\N ME/L-LOUSAN TOU=TO POIH/SEIN FORA/N.>20}1 @*TO\ <20A)NA/GKH>20 OU) PRO\S TO\ EI)=NAI PA/QOS TOU= A)E/ROS TO\N GALACI/AN, A)LLA\ PRO\S TO\ EI)=NAI ME/GAN TO\N KU/KLON. {1<20*XRH\ GA\R TOU=TO, I(/NA POLLH\ KI/NHSIS H)=| DIA\ TO\ ME/GEQOS GINOME/NH KAI\ PLEI/ONA TH\N E)/CAYIN POIH/SH|.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN DE\ DH=LON, O(/TI TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA. {1<20*KAI\ PRO\S TOU/TOIS E)/TI KAQ' O(\N TO/PON PUKNO/TATA KAI\ PLEI=STA.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TO\ A)/LLO E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ E)K TH=S QE/SEWS. PLH\N PRI\N TELE/WS AU)TO\ PARADW/SEI, MESOLABEI= TO\ TE/TARTON, KAI\ TE/LOS PA/LIN A)NALAMBA/NEI TO\ TRI/TON. {1<20*DIO/PER OI( POLLOI\ TW=N KOMHTW=N E)KTO\S GI/NONTAI TW=N TROPIKW=N.>20}1 @*KALW=S TO\ <20OI( POLLOI/:>20 I(STO/RHTAI GA/R, EI) KAI\ SPANI/WS, E)N TH=| DIA-KEKAUME/NH| ZW/NH| KOMH/THS GINO/MENOS. {1<20*PRO\S DE\ TOU/TOIS A)/STRWN O( TO/POS PLH/RHS E)STI/N.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ E)PANALAMBA/NEI TO\ TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA. {1<20*KAI\ E)/TI TW=N SPORA/DWN TOU/TWN KALOUME/NWN.>20}1 @*SPORA/DES OU(=TOI KALOU=NTAI OI( A)STE/RES, DIO/TI OU)K A)POTELOU=SIN EI)/DWLON W(S OI( A)/LLOI. DIO\ OU)DE\ KATAGRA/FONTAI E)N TH=| *)ARATEI/A| SFAI/RA|. PERI\ W(=N SPORA/DWN FHSI\ KAI\ *)/ARATOS: @@POLLH\ GA\R SPORA/DWN XU/SIS E(/LKETAI *(UDROXO/OIO. @1 {1<20*SHMEI=ON DE/: KAI\ GA\R AU)TOU= TOU= KU/KLOU PLE/ON TO\ FW=S @E)STIN E)N QATE/RW| H(MISFAIRI/W| TW=| TO\ DI/PLWMA E)/XONTI.>20}1 @*TOSOU=TO/N FHSIN: DIA\ TO\ PLH=QOS KAI\ TH\N PU/KNWSIN TW=N A)STE/RWN O( GALACI/AS GI/NETAI, O(/TI O(/POU EI)SI\ PA/NU PUKNO/TATOI A)STE/RES, E)KEI= E)/STI QEWRH=-SAI TO\ DI/PLWMA TOU= GALACI/OU, OI(ONEI\ DU/O ZW/NAS E)/STI QEA/SASQAI MESOLA-BOU/SAS KOINO/N TINA TO/PON TO\ METACU\ A)FANE\S TW=N SFAIRW=N. {1<20*TAU/THN EI)KO\S U(POLABEI=N OI)KEIOTA/THN AI)TI/AN.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ O(/RA PA/LIN, PW=S E)NDOIA/ZEI MHDAMOU= A)PODEIKTIKW=S TO\N LO/GON PROA/GWN. {1<20*QEWREI/SQW D' O(/ TE KU/KLOS KAI\ TA\ E)N AU)TW=| A)/STRA E)K TH=S U(POGRAFH=S.>20}1 @*(O GALACI/AS, FHSI/N, W(S E)PI\ KATAGRAFH=S KAI\ TA\ PERI\ AU)TO\N O)/NTA A)/STRA QEWREI/SQW. H( DE\ KATAGRAFH\ PRO/DHLOS TOI=S TO\N GALACI/AN E)PISTAME/NOIS. E)/STI GA\R E)NARGW=S TO/ TE PLH=QOS TW=N A)/STRWN QEA/SASQAI, E)/STI GE MH\N KAI\ TO\ DI/PLWMA, O(/POU PLEI/ONA/ EI)SIN. {1<20*(/WSTE EI)/PER KAI\ PERI\ TOU= FAI/NESQAI KOMH/TAS.>20}1 @*TO\ SUMPE/RASMA LOIPO\N E)PA/GEI, O(/TI DEI= TI/QESQAI TO\N GALACI/AN TOU= A)E/ROS PA/QOS. {1<20*DIO\ KAQA/PER EI)/POMEN PRO/TERON>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*TO\ A)NWTE/RW EI)RHME/NON LE/GEI, O(/TI O(/LH H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS E)K-DAPANA=TAI EI)S TO\N GALACI/AN. TOU/TOU DE\ OU)K E)MNH/SQH H( QEWRI/A A(/TE DH\ PALAIOU= O)/NTOS. {1<20*PERI\ ME\N OU)=N TW=N GINOME/NWN.>20}1 @*TO\ SUMPE/RASMA E)PA/GEI PA/NTWN TW=N GINOME/NWN E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. {1<20*SXEDO\N GA/R E)STI TOSAU=TA PA/QH GINO/MENA KATA\ TO\N TO/PON TOU=TON.>20}1 @*DIA\ TI/ TO\ <20SXEDO/N;>20 EU)LO/GWS, E)PEIDH\ TA\ EI)RHME/NA H)/DH SXEDO\N PA/NTA @1 PERI\ TO\N A)/NW GI/NONTAI TO/PON: OU)DE\ GA\R A)KRIBW=S PA/NTA: DH=LON GA\R PERI\ GALACI/OU. OU)DE\ GA/R, W(/S TINES U(PE/LABON, TO\ <20SXEDO\N>20 EI)=PE DIA\ TA\ ME/LLONTA, E)PEIDH\ LEI/PEI A)/LLA, OI(=ON A)STRAPH\ KAI\ TA\ LOIPA/, EI)/ GE POLLA\ PA/NU EI)SI\ TA\ LEI/PONTA, KERAUNOI/, A)STRAPAI/, A)/NEMOI, SEISMOI/, TUFW=NES KAI\ A)/LLA PLEI/ONA: OU)K A)\N OU)=N TOSOU/TWN LEIPOME/NWN E)/LEGE <20SXEDO/N.>20 PLH\N DEI= E)PISTH=SAI, O(/TI POLLA\ ME\N TA\ LEI/PONTA E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS, A)LL' OU)=N TW=N GINOME/NWN PERI\ TO\N A)/NW TO/PON OU) LEI/PEI TI EI) MH\ A)STRAPH/. TOU=TO DE\ E)/FH *)ARISTOTE/LHS <20TA\ FAINO/MENA KATA\ TO\N TO/PON TOU=TON>20 E)PA/GWN. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TOU= QE/SEI ME\N DEUTE/ROU TO/POU.>20}1 @*KA/TEISIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS A)PO\ TOU= A)/NW TO/POU E)PI\ TO\N KA/TW. KAI\ TA\ E)N TOU/TW| GINO/MENA PA/QH FUSIOLOGEI=. PE/NTE DE/ EI)SI TAU=TA, U(ETO/S, XA/LAZA, XIW/N, PA/XNH KAI\ DRO/SOS. A)LLA\ TOU/TWN TA\ ME\N TRI/A E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| GI/-NONTAI ME/REI TOU= KA/TW A)E/ROS: U(ETO\S GA\R KAI\ XA/LAZA KAI\ XIW\N A)/NW GI/NON-TAI, PA/XNH DE\ KAI\ DRO/SOS KA/TW. KAI\ TOU/TWN TA\ ME\N PRW=TA TRI/A E)PE/TEIA/ E)STI, TA\ DE\ U(PO/LOIPA DU/O KAQ' E(KA/STHN H(ME/RAN GI/NONTAI. KAI\ SWREU/ETAI ME\N U(ETOU= KAI\ XALA/ZHS U(/LH E)N TW=| QE/REI, TO\ DE\ EI)=DOS AU)TW=N E)PIGI/NETAI E)N TW=| XEIMW=NI: DRO/SOU DE\ KAI\ PA/XNHS SWREU/ETAI ME\N U(/LH E)N TH=| H(ME/RA|, E)PI-GI/NETAI DE\ TO\ EI)=DOS E)N TH=| NUKTI/. W(/STE DIA\ TOU/TWN A)NAFWNEI= SOI TO\ POIH-TIKO\N AI)/TION: TOU/TWN GA\R H(/LIO/S E)STI TO\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION. TW=N E)PETEI/WN GA/R, TOUTE/STI TW=N KAQ' E(/KASTON E)/TOS GINOME/NWN, H( I)DI/A AU)TOU= KI/NHSI/S E)STIN AI)TI/A TW=| POTE\ ME\N AU)TO\N A)/NW GENE/SQAI, POTE\ DE\ KA/TW. A)/NW DE\ O(/TAN LE/GW GI/NESQAI TO\N H(/LION, PRO\S TO\ KATA\ KORUFH\N DHLONO/TI, OU) PRO\S TO\ A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU: A)EI\ GA\R A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU I)/SON A)PE/XWN PW=S DU/NATAI A)/NW H)\ KA/TW LE/GESQAI; TOU/TWN ME\N OU)=N KATA\ TH\N I)DI/AN KI/NHSIN AI)/TIO/S E)STI, TW=N D' A)/LLWN TW=N KAQ' E(KA/STHN H(ME/RAN GINOME/NWN AI)/TIO/S E)STIN OU) DIA\ TH\N OI)-KEI/AN KI/NHSIN, A)LLA\ DIA\ TO\ SUMPERIFE/RESQAI TW=| PANTI/: TOU/TW| GA\R SUMPERI-FERO/MENOS POIEI= TH\N NU/KTA KAI\ TH\N H(ME/RAN. KAI\ E)/STIN H( H(ME/RA OI(ONEI\ MI-KRO\S E)NIAUTO/S, W(/SPER KAI\ O( A)/NQRWPOS MIKRO\S KO/SMOS. O( SOFO\S GA\R *PLA/-TWN TOU=TO E)/FH. POIHTIKO\N ME\N OU)=N AI)/TIO/N E)STI DEUTE/RWS O( H(/LIOS, PRW/-TWS DE\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TIO/N E)STI PA/NTWN TW=N EI)RHME/NWN H( YU/CIS, U(LIKO\N DE\ AI)/-TIO/N E)STIN AU)TW=N H( A)TMI/S. PE/NTE DE/ EI)SI TAU=TA TA\ GINO/MENA KAI\ OU)/TE PLEI/ONA OU)/TE E)LA/SSONA DI' AI)TI/AN TOIAU/THN: E)K TH=S TW=N A)KTI/NWN TOU= @1 H(LI/OU QERMASI/AS KAI\ TW=N LOIPW=N A)STE/RWN TO\ U(/DWR TO\ PERI\ TH\N GH=N E)C-ATMI/ZETAI KAI\ A)NAFE/RETAI E)PI\ TO\ A)/NW, OU) MO/NON, A)LLA\ META\ KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. AU(/TH OU)=N A)/NW O)XOU=SA FE/REI AU)TH\N ME/XRI TOU= A)POGEI/OU A)E/ROS, E)KEI= LOIPO\N A)POLU/EI AU)TH/N. A)POLU/EI DE\ W(/SPER FORTI/ON TI KAI\ A)/XQOS A)POQEME/NH DIA\ TO\ MHKE/TI DU/NASQAI A)/NW O)XEI=N: KAI\ LOIPO\N AU(/TH FE/RETAI PRO\S TO\ SUGGENE\S U(PE/KKAUMA, ME/NEI DE\ H( A)TMI/S, H)\ U(PO\ TH=S A)/GAN YU/CEWS KATASBE/NNUTAI H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS KAI\ FQEI/RETAI, E)A=| DE\ TH\N A)TMIDW/DH: KAI\ GA\R TO\ FQEIRO/MENON LE/GETAI E)A=N TO\ ME/NON. AU(/TH OU)=N ME/-NOUSA A)/NW H)\ A)LLOIOU=TAI KAI\ METABA/LLETAI EI)S U(/DWR, KAI\ TOU=TO KATAFE/RE-TAI KA/TW KAI\ POIEI= YEKA/DA H)\ U(ETO/N: YEKA/DA ME/N, KATA\ ME/ROS H(NI/KA E)NEXQH=| DHLONO/TI KAI\ TH=S A)LLOIW/SEWS GINOME/NHS, U(ETO\N DE/, H(NI/KA LABRO/TERON KATI/H| A)QRO/WS KAI\ TH=S A)LLOIW/SEWS GINOME/NHS. H)\ OU)=N METABA/LLETAI KAI\ POIEI= U(E-ЈTO\N KAI\ YEKA/DA, H)\ PH/GNUTAI KAI\ POIEI= XIO/NA, H)\ METABA/LLETAI PRO/TERON KAI\ OU(/TW PH/GNUTAI KAI\ GI/NETAI H( XA/LAZA. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N, E)A\N H)=| PLEI/WN QER-MASI/A KAI\ I)SXU/SH| A)/NW E(LKU/SAI TH\N A)TMI/DA: EI) DE\ E)LA/TTWN EI)/H, E(/LKEI ME/N, A)LL' OU)K A)/NW. ME/NEI OU)=N H( A)TMI\S E)N TW=| PERIGEI/W| ME/REI TOU= A)E/ROS. E)KEI=SE DE\ ME/NOUSA H)\ A)LLOIOU=TAI KAI\ METABA/LLETAI KAI\ GI/NETAI TO\ A)NA/LOGON TW=| U(ETW=|, FHMI\ DE\ H( DRO/SOS, H)\ PH/GNUTAI KAI\ GI/NETAI O( PAGETO/S, O(/STIS A)NALOGEI= TH=| XIO/NI. TO\ DE\ A)NALOGOU=N TH=| XALA/ZH| OU) GI/NETAI E)N TW=| PERI-GEI/W|. OU)DE\ GA\R GI/NETAI A)LLOIOUME/NH PRO/TERON H( A)TMI/S, EI)=TA OU(/TW PH/GNU-TAI KAI\ POIEI= E(/TERO/N TI DIA\ TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI POLU\ TO\ E)N TW=| METACU\ DIASTH/MATI. E)N GA\R TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI, E)PEIDH\ E)KEI=NOS POLU\ A)PE/XEI TH=S GH=S, DUNATO\N A)LLOIWQH=NAI TH\N A)TMI/DA KAI\ KATAGOME/NHN TUXO\N PAGH=NAI, E)N DE\ TW=| PERI-GEI/W| A)E/RI E)PEIDH\ O)LI/GON E)STI\ TO\ DIA/STHMA PLHSI/ON GA\R O)/NTOS TH=S GH=S, OU) FQA/NEI A)LLOIWQH=NAI PRO/TERON KAI\ EI)=Q' OU(/TW PAGH=NAI. OU)K E)/STIN OU)=N TO\ A)NALOGOU=N TH=| XALA/ZH|, EI) MH/ POU/ TIS FAI/H A)NALOGEI=N AU)TH=| TO\N KRU/STALLON, O(\S GI/NETAI A)PO\ U(/DATOS PHGNUME/NOU. PLH\N E)/XEI TINA\ DIAFORA/N, O(/TI KRU/STAL-LOS ME\N U(/DATOS MO/NON DHLOI= PH=CIN, XA/LAZA DE\ A)LLOI/WSIN A)TMI/DOS EI)S U(/DWR KAI\ OU(/TWS U(/DATOS TH\N PH=CIN. AU(/TH H( POIHTIKH\ AI)TI/A TOU/TWN H(/ TE PROS-EXH\S H(/ TE PO/RRW, AU(/TH KAI\ H( U(LIKH/. I)STE/ON DE/, O(/TI O( ME\N *)ARISTOTE/LHS AI)/TION LE/GEI TH=S EI)S U(/DWR METABOLH=S TH\N YU/CIN MO/NON: *QEO/FRASTOS DE\ OU) MO/NON TH\N YU/CIN AI)TI/AN FHSI\ TH=S TOU= U(/DATOS GENE/SEWS, A)LLA\ KAI\ TH\N PI/LH-SIN. I)DOU\ GA\R E)N *AI)QIOPI/A| MH\ OU)/SHS YU/CEWS O(/MWS U(ETO\S KATA/GETAI DIA\ TH\N PI/LHSIN: FHSI\ GA\R O)/RH EI)=NAI E)KEI=SE U(YHLO/TATA, EI)S A(\ TA\ NE/FH PROS-PTAI/OUSI, KAI\ EI)=Q' OU(/TWS U(ETO\S KATARRH/GNUTAI DIA\ TH\N GINOME/NHN PI/LHSIN. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N LEBH/TWN U(GRO/THS, FHSI/N, A)NTIKATARREI=, E)/TI DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N QO/LWN TW=N LOUTRW=N MH\ PAROU/SHS YU/CEWS, DIA\ TH\N PI/LHSIN DHLON- @1O/TI TOU/TOU GINOME/NOU. E)/STI DE\ EI)PEI=N KAI\ A)/LLO AI)/TION, TH\N A)NTIPERI/STASIN. I)DOU\ GA\R E)N *QHBAI/+DI % METEW/RWN O)/NTWN U(YHLW=N, A)LLA\ KAI\ QERMOTA/THS TH=S XW/RAS U(PARXOU/SHS U(ETO\S KATA/GETAI DIA\ TO\ A)NTIPERII/STASQAI TO\ YUXRO\N E)N TH=| NEFE/LH| E)/SW U(PO\ TH=S E)/CWQEN QERMASI/AS A)POKLEIO/MENON. A)LL' E)/STIN, W(S E)MOI\ DOKEI=, SUNHGORH=SAI TW=| *)ARISTOTE/LEI, O(/TI YU/CIS MO/NH AI)TI/A: KAI\ GA\R E)PI\ TOU= LOUTROU= KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= LE/BHTOS A)/TOPON AI)TIA=SQAI TH\N PI/LHSIN. AU)TO\ GA\R TOU=TO % H( PI/LHSI/S TI POIEI=, U(PO\ TI/NOS GI/NETAI. MA=LLON OU)=N DEI= LE/GEIN, O(/TI POLU\S A)TMO\S E)PISWREU/ETAI A)/NW PERI\ TO\ PW=MA KAI\ PERI\ TO\N QO/-LON, W(S KATAPNI/GEIN TH\N QERMASI/AN, KAI\ LOIPO\N TH=| TH=S KINH/SEWS A)PWLEI/A| YU/CIS E)PIGI/NETAI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO SUMBAI/NEI KATA/GESQAI TO\ U(GRO/N. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ OI( LE/GONTES A)NTIPERI/STASIN PA/LIN YU/CIN O(MOLOGOU=SI KATA\ PRW=TON LO/GON POIOU=SAN, PRO/DHLON: TAU/THN GA\R E)/FASAN U(PO\ TH=S QERMO/THTOS A)POKLEIOME/-NHN POIEI=N. H( YU/CIS OU)=N MO/NH AI)TI/A E)STI/. XRH\ DE\ KAI\ TOU=TO EI)DE/NAI, O(/TI E)N *QHBAI/+DI U(ETO\S KATAGO/MENOS KAI\ LA/BROS KA/TEISI KAI\ E)/STI TO\ U(/DWR PIKRO/N. PIKRO\N ME\N OU)=N E)STI DIA\ TO\ METE/XEIN PLEI/STHS TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS: LA/BROS DE\ KA/TEISIN, E)PEIDH\ E)N TAU/TH| TH=| KAPNW/DEI A)NAQUMI-A/SEI E)PIME/MIKTAI KAI\ GEW=DES, O(/PER W(S BARU/TATON SFODRO/TATON KA/TEISIN. OU(/TW KAI\ E)N QE/REI LA/BROS E)STI\N U(ETO\S KATAGO/MENOS, W(S E)MARTU/RHSEN O( QEI=OS *(IPPOKRA/THS EI)RHKW\S "3OI(=ON E)N KAU/MATI LA/BRW|"3, DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI PLEI/STHN GEW/DH OU)SI/AN SU\N TH=| KAPNW/DEI, H(/TIS TO/TE MA/LISTA PLEONA/ZEI. O(/TI DE\ TH=| KAPNW/DEI MA/LISTA SUMME/MIKTAI/ TIS OU)SI/A GEW/DHS, DH=LON E)K TH=S QALA/SSHS: TO\ GA\R AU)TH=S U(/DWR BARU/TERO/N E)STI TOU= E)N LI/MNAIS. DIO\ W(S BARU/TERON KAI\ A)NTIBAI=NON KAI\ MEI/ZONA PLOI=A % A)NWQEI= H)/PER TO\ U(/DWR TO\ E)N LI/MNH|. KAI\ TOU=TO SAFE\S E)C AU)TH=S TH=S PEI/RAS: TA\ GA\R AU)TA\ PLOI=A PLEI/W FO/RTON BA-STA/ZOUSI E)PI\ QALA/TTHS H)/PER E)PI\ LI/MNHS. A)ME/LEI DIA\ TAU/THN TH\N AI)TI/AN POLLOI\ I)NDIKOPLEU=STAI NAUAGOU=SI MH\ EI)DO/TES TOU=TO. KAI\ E)N ME\N QALA/SSH| GEMI/ZOUSIN AU)TA\ FO/RTOU, KAI\ H( ME\N QA/LASSA DIA\ TO\ GEW=DES AU)TH=S % A)NWQEI= KAI\ BASTA/ZEI: E)/RXONTAI DE\ E)N POTAMOI=S H)\ LI/MNAIS KAI\ NAUAGOU=SI DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)/XEIN OU(/TWS TO\ GEW=DES E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS KAI\ MH\ DU/NASQAI % A)NWQEI=N. I)/SWS DE\ DUNATO\N KAI\ TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN W(S % A)NWXOU=SAN DIA\ TO\ SPEU/DEIN E)PI\ TO\ SUGGENE\S XWREI=N, % E)N TH=| QALA/SSH| MEI/ZONA TA\ PLOI=A TA\ AU)TA\ PLEI/W FO/RTON BASTA/ZONTA. OU) MO/NON DE\ E)K TW=N PLOI/WN E)/STI PISTW/SASQAI BARU/TERON TO\ QALA/SSION U(/DWR KAI\ MA=LLON % A)NWXOU=N, A)LLA\ @1 KAI\ EI)/ TIS STAQMI/SEI, TO\ A)LHQE\S EI)/SETAI KAI\ EI)/ TIS W)|O\N E)N U(/DATI GLUKEI= KAI\ QALATTI/W| BA/LH|: % A)NWXEI=TAI GA\R E)PI\ TOU= QALATTI/OU, KA/TW DE\ BRI/QEI KAI\ OU)KE/TI PLEI= E)PI\ TOU= GLUKE/OS. TAU=TA PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TOU= TH=| QE/SEI ME\N DEUTE/ROU TO/POU META\ TOU=-TON, PRW/TOU DE\ PERI\ TH\N GH=N.>20}1 @*DE/ON EI)PEI=N, O(/TI U(PO/LOIPO/N E)STIN EI)PEI=N PERI\ TW=N GINOME/NWN E)N TW=| KA/TW A)E/RI, KAI\ TOU/TOU DE\ E)N TW=| A)POGEIOTE/RW| ME/REI: O( DE\ OU)X OU(/TWS. A)LLA\ TI/ FHSI; "3DE/ON EI)PEI=N <20PERI\ TOU= TH=| QE/SEI DEUTE/ROU"3.>20 DEU/TERON KA-LEI= TH=| QE/SEI TO\N PERI/GEION A)E/RA PRO\S [2OU)/]2 TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA A)FEWRAKW/S. OU)X W(S PRO\S E)KEI=NO GA\R O( PERI/GEIOS %2 TH=| QE/SEI E)STI/N, A)LL' W(S PRO\S TO\N A)PO/GEION: META\ GA\R TOU=TON DEU/TEROS TH=| QE/SEI O( PERI/GEIOS. {1<20*OU(=TOS GA\R KOINO\S U(/DATO/S TE TO/POS KAI\ A)E/ROS E)STI/N.>20}1 @*(ORA=|S, O(/TI DEU/TERON TH=| QE/SEI EI)=PE TO\N PERI/GEION W(S PRO\S TO\N A)PO/-GEION: I)DOU\ GA\R AU)TO\S METACU\ AU)TO\N LE/GEI GH=S KAI\ A)POGEI/OU A)E/ROS A)FE-STW=TA PA/NU. EI)/PWMEN OU)=N, FHSI/, PERI\ TOU/TOU, A)LL' OU)X A(PLW=S PERI\ TOU/TOU, A)LLA\ PERI\ TW=N GINOME/NWN E)N AU)TW=| PAQW=N. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ PERIGEI/OU KAI\ A)POGEI/OU E)MNH/SQHMEN, XRH\ EI)DE/NAI, O(/TI KAI\ E)N TW=| PERIGEI/W| E)STI\ O( ME\N A)PO/GEIOS O( PLHSI/ON TOU= A)POGEI/OU, O( DE\ PERI/GEIOS O( PLHSI/ON TH=S GH=S. KAI\ E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| O( ME\N A)PO/GEIOS O( PLHSI/ON TOU= U(PEKKAU/MATOS, O( DE\ PERI/-GEIOS O( PLHSI/ON TOU= PERIGEI/OU A)E/ROS. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN TO\ ME\N PERI/-GEION ME/ROS TOU= PERIGEI/OU A)E/ROS QERMO/N E)STI DIA\ TH\N TW=N A)KTI/NWN PARA/-TRIYIN, TO\ DE\ A)PO/GEION AU)TOU= ME/ROS E)STI\ YUXRO/TERON DIA\ TO\ EI)S A)XANI/AN LH/GEIN TA\S A)KTI=NAS: TOU= DE\ A)POGEI/OU A)E/ROS TO\ A)NA/PALIN TO\ ME\N PERI/GEION YUXRO/N: SUNTRE/XEI GA\R KAI\ PLHSI/ON E)STI\ TOU= A)POGEIOTE/ROU % TO\ EI)=NAI PLHSI/ON TW=N A)STE/RWN KAI\ TOU= U(PEKKAU/MATOS KAI\ E)KQERMAI/NESQAI. {1<20*KAI\ TW=N SUMBAINO/NTWN PERI\ TH\N A)/NW GE/NESIN AU)TW=N.>20}1 @*KATA\ KOINOU= TOU=TO TO\ LEGO/MENON: OU) GA\R MO/NON DEI= EI)PEI=N PERI\ U(ETOU= KAI\ XIO/NOS KAI\ XALA/ZHS KAI\ PA/XNHS KAI\ DRO/SOU, A)LLA\ KAI\ TI/ SUMBAI/NEI E)N TH=| GENE/SEI AU)TW=N. {1<20*LHPTE/ON DE\ KAI\ TOU/TWN TA\S A)RXA\S KAI\ TA\S AI)TI/AS PA/N-TWN O(MOI/WS.>20}1 @<20*)ARXA\S KAI\ AI)TI/AS>20 E)K DU/O TO\ AU)TO/, H)\ A)RXH\N ME\N EI)=PE TH\N POIH- @1TIKH/N, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ POIHTIKO/N E)STIN AI)/TION, O(/TAN H)=| A)RXH\ TH=S KINH/SEWS: AI)TI/AN DE\ EI)=PE TH\N U(LIKH\N TW=| GENIKW=| O)NO/MATI. TI/ D' E)STI\ <20PA/NTWN O(MOI/WS;>20 O(/TI DEI= TH\N POIHTIKH/N, FHSI/N, AI)TI/AN KAI\ TH\N U(LIKH\N TW=N PE/NTE TOU/TWN O(MOI/WS LABEI=N: PA/NTWN GA\R TOU/TWN PROSEXE\S ME\N POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION YU/CIS, PO/RRW DE\ KAI\ DEUTE/RWS O( H(/LIOS: U(LIKO\N DE\ AI)/TION H( A)TMI/S. A)LLA\ PW=S H(/LIOS [1KAQ' AU(TO\N LE/GOMEN GA\R DIOIKEI=N TA\ TH=|DE]1 DEUTE/RWS KAI\ OU) PRW/TWS AI)/TIOS EI)/RHTAI TOU/TWN; KAI\ LU/OMEN, O(/TI W(/SPER O( KUBERNH/THS PARW\N ME\N E)N ӈTW=| SKA/FEI KAQ' AU(TO\N KAI\ PRW/TWS AU)TO\ SW/|ZEI, A)PW\N DE\ E)C AU)TOU= KAQ' AU(TO\N ME/N, DEUTE/RWS DE\ LE/GETAI AU)TO\ FQEI/REIN, OU(/TW KAI\ O( H(/LIOS KAQ' AU(TO\N LE/GETAI TAU=TA POIEI=N KAI\ DEUTE/RWS, W(/SPER OU)=N KAI\ FQEI/REIN KAQ' AU(TO\N PA/LIN KAI\ DEUTE/RWS. {1<20*(H ME\N OU)=N W(S KINOU=SA KAI\ KURI/A KAI\ PRW/TH A)RXH\ O( KU/KLOS E)STI/N, E)N W(=| FANERW=S H( TOU= H(LI/OU FORA/.>20}1 @<20*KURI/AN KAI\ PRW/THN A)RXH\N>20 LE/GEI TH\N POIHTIKH/N, TOUTE/STI TO\N KU/KLON TO\N ZW|DIAKO/N. TOU=TO OU)=N, FHSI/, FANERW=S E)STIN H( TOU= H(LI/OU FORA/, DIO/TI OU(=TOS E)N TW=| ME/SW| TOU= ZW|DIAKOU= DI/EISIN. OI( GA\R A)/LLOI PA/NTES OU)/K EI)SIN A)EI\ E)N TW=| ME/SW| TOU= ZW|DIAKOU=: E)/CW GA\R PERI\ TOU=TON FAI/NONTAI H)\ NOTIW/TEROI H)\ BOREIO/TEROI GINO/MENOI. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ KAI\ AU)TOI/ POTE FAI/NONTAI E)N TW=| ME/SW| E)N TOI=S E)KLEIPTIKOI=S KALOUME/NOIS SUNDE/SMOIS, DIA\ TOU=TO E)/DEI MA=LLON A)NTI\ TOU= "3FANERW=S"3 KAI\ "3A)FANW=S"3 EI)PEI=N TO\ "3A)EI/"3 KAI\ "3POTE/"3: A)EI\ GA\R O( H(/LIOS PERI\ TO\ ME/SON, OI( DE\ LOIPOI\ OU)K A)EI/, A)LLA\ POTE/. {1<20*DIAKRI/NOUSA H)\ SUGKRI/NOUSA TW=| GI/NESQAI PLHSI/ON H)\ PO/RRW.>20}1 @*AI)TI/A, FHSI/N, H( TOU= H(LI/OU FORA/, TOU/TWN DE\ DIA/KRISIN H)\ SU/GKRISIN E)RGA-ZOME/NH: DIA/KRISIN ME/N, O(/TAN A)/NW GE/NHTAI [1TO/TE GA\R QERMASI/A GI/NETAI]1, SU/G-KRISIN DE/, O(/TAN KA/TW: YU/CIS GA\R TO/TE E(/PETAI. TO\ DE\ "3A)/NW"3 KAI\ "3KA/TW"3 O(/PWS A)KOUSTE/ON, EI)/RHTAI E)N TH=| QEWRI/A|. {1<20*MENOU/SHS DE\ TH=S GH=S>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*BOU/LETAI EI)PEI=N, O(/TI TH=S GH=S MENOU/SHS E(/LKETAI E)K TOU= E)N AU)TH=| @1 U(/DATO/S TI KAI\ E)CATMI/ZETAI KAI\ FE/RETAI META\ KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS A)/NW, KAI\ OU) ME/NOUSA A)/NW DIA\ TO\ KATALIMPA/NESQAI E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS POIEI= TA\ EI)RHME/NA. {1<20*TH=S DE\ QERMO/THTOS A)POLIPOU/SHS TH=S A)NAGOU/SHS AU)TO/.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. {1<20*KAI\ TH=S ME\N DIASKEDANNUME/NHS PRO\S TO\N A)/NW TO/PON, TH=S DE\ KATASBENNUME/NHS.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ DU/O AI)TI/AI, DI' A(\S KATALIMPA/NEI H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS TH\N A)TMI/DA: H)\ GA\R W(S FORTI/ON AU)TH\N A)POTRI/BETAI KAI\ XWREI= PRO\S TO\ SUGGENE\S H)\ FQEI/RETAI U(PO\ TH=S A)/GAN YU/CEWS. {1<20*SUNI/STATAI PA/LIN H( A)TMI/S.>20}1 @*KALW=S TO\ <20PA/LIN:>20 KAI\ GA\R KAI\ PRO/TERON U(/DWR H)=N. TO\ GA\R U(/DWR E)C-ATMISQE\N TH\N A)TMI/DA EI)RGA/SATO, GI/NETAI DE\ U(/DWR YUXO/MENON: YU/XETAI DE/, KAI\ O(/TI KATE/LIPEN AU)TH\N TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ O(/TI [2E)N]2 YUXRW=| TO/PW| E)GE/NETO: PLHSI/ON GA\R TOU= A)POGEI/OU. GENO/MENON DE\ FE/RETAI PA/LIN EI)S GH=N, DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN FE/RETAI E)K TH=S YU/CEWS W)QOU/MENON XWREI=N PRO\S TO\ SUGGENE\S U(/DWR. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ H( ME\N E)C U(/DATOS A)NAQUMI/ASIS A)TMI/S, H( D' E)C A)E/ROS EI)S U(/DWR NE/FOS.>20}1 @*TOU=TO/ FHSIN: A)PO\ TOU= U(/DATOS EI)S A)E/RA E)A\N GE/NHTAI METABOLH/, DIA\ ME/SHS A)TMI/DOS GI/NETAI: EI) DE/ GE A)PO\ A)E/ROS EI)S U(/DWR, DIA\ ME/SOU NE/FOUS. PAXUMERE\S DE/ E)STI KAI\ OU)K A)KRIBE\S TOU=TO. E)PI/ TE GA\R TH=S A)PO\ TOU= U(/DA-TOS EI)S A)E/RA METABOLH=S GI/NETAI KAI\ A)TMI\S KAI\ NE/FOS, O(MOI/WS KAI\ A)PO\ A)E/ROS EI)S U(/DWR: TA\ GA\R ME/SA TO\ AU)TO/, OU)/TE PLEI/ONA O)/NTA OU)/TE E)LA/TTONA, W(/SPER E)/XEI KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S A)PO\ LEUKOU= E)PI\ ME/LAN KAI\ A)PO\ ME/LANOS EI)S LEUKO\N META-BOLH=S. TI/ OU)=N FAMEN; O(/TI TW=N SUGGENW=N MA/LISTA E)MNH/SQH: SUGGENH\S DE\ U(/DATI ME\N H( A)TMI/S, A)E/RI DE\ TO\ NE/FOS. {1<20*(OMI/XLH DE\ NEFE/LHS PERI/TTWMA.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ EI)=PE, TI/ ME/N E)STIN A)TMI/S, TI/ DE\ NE/FOS, I(/NA MH/ TIS AU)TW=| EI)/PH| "3KAI\ TI/ E)STIN O(MI/XLH;"3, FHSI/N, O(/TI PERI/TTWMA TH=S NEFE/LHS. O(\ GA\R EU(-RE/QH A)/GONON E)N TH=| NEFE/LH| KAI\ MH\ DUNA/MENON EI)S U(/DWR METABLHQH=NAI, @1 TOU=TO PI/PTEI KA/TW KAI\ POIEI= TH\N O(MI/XLHN, O(/QEN KAI\ O(MI/XLH EU)DI/AN SHMAI/NEI. E)/STIN OU)=N O(MI/XLH KATA\ *)ARISTOTE/LHN NEFE/LH A)/GONOS. E)/DEI DE\ EI)PEI=N, O(/TI TO\ YUXRO/TERON KAI\ CHRO/TERON, O(/SON E)STI\N E)N TH=| NEFE/LH|, TOU=TO/ E)STIN O(MI/XLH: DIO\ W(S ME\N CHRO/TERON OU) METABA/LLETAI EI)S U(/DWR, W(S DE\ YUXRO/-TERON KA/TW PI/PTEI: TO\ GA\R YUXRO\N A)EI\ KATA/FORON. E)/XEIS OU)=N, KAI\ DIA\ TI/ KA/TW GI/NETAI O(MI/XLH. {1<20*GI/NETAI DE\ KU/KLOS OU(=TOS MIMOU/MENOS TO\N H(/LION.>20}1 @*TI/ BOU/LETAI E)NTAU=QA EI)PEI=N; AI)NI/TTETAI EI)S TOU\S POIHTA\S LE/GONTAS *)WKEANO\N EI)=NAI/ POTE ME/N TINA KU/KLW| O)/NTA TH=S GH=S KAI\ PERIE/XONTA AU)TH/N. OU) DEI= GA\R TOU=TO LE/GEIN, FHSI/N, *)WKEANO/N: TO\ GA\R U(/DWR OU) PERIE/XEI TH\N GH=N, A)LLA\ TOU)NANTI/ON U(PO\ AU)TH=S PERIE/XETAI: W(S A)GGEI/W| GA\R AU)TH=| KE/XRHTAI. E)/PEITA DE\ OU)DE\ KU/KLW| E)STI\N OU(=TOS: I(STO/RHTAI GA/R, O(/TI OU) PA=SAN TH\N GH=N PERIE/XEI. H)/QELON OU)=N OU(=TOI LE/GEIN *)WKEANO/N %2%2%2 AU(/TH GA\R KAI\ PA=SAN TH\N GH=N PERIE/XEI KAI\ KU/KLOS E)STI/, KU/KLOS DE/ E)STI MIMOU/MENOS TO\N TOU= H(LI/OU KU/KLON. W(/SPER GA\R E)KEI=NOS A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW FE/RETAI, OU(/TW KAI\ OU(=TOS O( A)PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS KU/KLOS SUGKINOU/MENOS TW=| H(LI/W|. A)/NW GA\R TOU= H(LI/OU FEROME/NOU, TOUTE/STI KATA\ KORUFH\N H(MW=N FEROME/NOU, KAI\ AU)TO\S A)/NW FE/RE-TAI: E)CATMI/ZETAI GA\R PLEI=ON KAI\ A)NE/LKETAI E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW: KA/TW DE\ TOU= H(LI/OU FEROME/NOU KAI\ AU)TO\S KA/TW FE/RETAI KAI\ EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLETAI. OU(/TW MA=LLON KAI\ EU)= GE, O(/TI TOU= ME\N QERMOU= E)PIKRATOU=NTOS GI/NETAI A)H\R KREI=TTON O)\N STOIXEI=ON, TOU= DE\ YUXROU= TO\ U(/DWR XEI=RON O)/N, EI)/ GE TO\ ME\N QERMO\N TW=N KREITTO/NWN POIHTIKO/N, TO\ DE\ YUXRO\N TW=N XEIRO/NWN. KAI\ EU)= GE, O(/TI TOU= H(LI/OU GENOME/NOU A)/NW TO\ KREI=TTON STOIXEI=ON GI/NETAI, FHMI\ DH\ O( A)H/R, KA/TW DE\ TO\ XEI=RON, FHMI\ DH\ TO\ U(/DWR. KAI\ TOU=TO GA\R AI)/TIO/N E)STI TOU= DIOIKEI=-SQAI TA\ TH=|DE U(PO\ TH=S TOIA=SDE TOU= H(LI/OU KINH/SEWS. TOU=TON OU)=N TO\N KU/-KLON DEI= MA=LLON O(LO/THTA LE/GEIN TOU= U(/DATOS H)/PER W(/S TINES TH\N QA/LATTAN, DIO/TI, W(/S FHSIN *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)FECH=S E)N TW=| DEUTE/RW| LO/GW|, O(/TI EI)SI\ DU/O QA/LASSAI PA/NTH DIAKEKRIME/NAI KAI\ MH\ SUMBA/LLOUSAI, H( *(URKANI/A KAI\ H( *KASPI/A. PLH/N TINES TW=N I(STORIKW=N I(STOROU=SIN, O(/TI KAI\ AU(=TAI SUM-BA/LLOUSIN. @1 {1<20*(/AMA GA\R E)KEI=NOS EI)S TA\ PLA/GIA METABA/LLEI, OU(=TOS DE\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH/, W(S EI)/RHTAI, OU)K E)/STIN E)PI\ KU/KLOU EI)PEI=N TO\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW PRO\S TO\ KATA\ KORUFH\N A)FORW=NTA. {1<20*KAI\ TOU=TO E)NDELEXW=S E)QE/LEI GI/NESQAI KATA\ TH\N TA/CIN.>20}1 @*TI/ OU)=N; A)DIALEI/PTWS W)/FEILEN U(/DWR KATA/GESQAI KAI\ MHDE/POTE KATA-LEI/PEIN. TI/ OU)=N R(HTE/ON; O(/TI AU)TO\S E)PELU/SATO EI)RHKW\S <20KATA\ TH\N TA/CIN.>20 TOIAU=TA GA\R TA\ E)PITH/DEIA A)DIALEI/PTWS KATA\ TH\N TW=N W(RW=N TA/CIN GINO/MENA. {1<20*KAI/ TISI DIAFORAI=S AU)TW=N.>20}1 @<20*TISI\>20 DE\ <20DIAFORAI=S>20 EI)=PEN, W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ YEKA/DOS KAI\ U(ETOU=: TO\ GA\R KATA\ ME/ROS KATAGO/MENON U(/DWR YEKA\S LE/GETAI, TO\ DE\ A)QRO/WS U(ETO/S, H( ME\N DIA\ TO\ E)OIKE/NAI YH/GMASI LEPTOTA/TOIS, O( DE\ A)PO\ TOU= U(/DATOS TOU= KATAGOME/NOU. {1<20*)EK DE\ TOU= KAQ' H(ME/RAN A)TMISQE/NTOS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN PERI\ TH=S DRO/SOU BOU/LETAI EI)PEI=N KAI\ TH=S PA/XNHS, O(/TI H( QERMASI/A E)LA/TTWN OU)=SA E(/LKEI KAI\ A)TMI/DA KAI\ A)POLU/EI AU)TH\N W(S A)SQENH\S EU)QE/WS, KAI\ KA/TW ME/NOUSA SUMPH/GNUTAI KAI\ POIEI= TH\N PA/XNHN, H)\ A)LLOIOU=-TAI KAI\ PH/GNUTAI KAI\ POIEI= TH\N DRO/SON. KAI\ TAU=TA/ E)STI TA\ DU/O MO/NON: OU) GA/R E)STIN, W(S EI)/RHTAI, TO\ A)NA/LOGON E)NTAU=QA TH=| XALA/ZH|. PLH\N E)PEIDH\ DIESPARME/NWS BOU/LETAI DEI=CAI YUXROTE/RAN OU)=SAN TH\N PA/XNHN DRO/SOU, EI) DO-KEI= SUNAGA/GWMEN TAU=TA. H( PA/XNH YUXROTE/RA E)STI/N, EI)/ GE QERMAINOME/NH DRO/SOS GI/NETAI. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: H( PA/XNH E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS PHGNUME/-NHS GI/NETAI: PRO/DHLON, O(/TI YUXROTE/RA E)STI/N. I(/NA GA\R YU/CIN U(POMEI/NH| TO\ QERMO/N, POLLH/ E)STIN H( GINOME/NH YU/CIS H)/PER I(/NA TO\ YUXRO\N PAGH=|. OU(/TWS GA\R KAI\ U(/DWR R(A=|STA PH/GNUTAI H)/PER OI)=NOS. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) H( ME\N PA/XNH E)N TOI=S YUXROTA/TOIS GI/NETAI XWRI/OIS, W(/SPER OU)=N DH\ KAI\ E)N TH=| ֈYUXROTA/TH| W(/RA|, OI(=ON TW=| XEIMW=NI, H( DE\ DRO/SOS E)N TOI=S EU)KRA/TOIS MA=LLON TO/-POIS KAI\ E)N E)/ARI MA=LLON KAI\ FQINOPW/RW|, PRO/DHLON O(/TI H( PA/XNH YUXRO-TE/RA TH=S DRO/SOU. OU(/TW KAI\ H( XIW\N YUXROTE/RA TOU= U(ETOU=. A)=RA DE\ TI/ YUXRO/TERON, XIW\N H)\ XA/LAZA; KAI\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI XIW/N, EI)/ GE H( ME\N XIW\N TOU= QERMOU=, FHMI\ DH\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS, DHLOI= PH=CIN, H( DE\ XA/LAZA TOU= U(/DATOS. @1 W(/SPER DE\ XIW\N XALA/ZHS YUXROTE/RA, OU(/TWS KAI\ PA/XNH KRUSTA/LLOU. PLH\N DIA\ TO\ A)NTIBAI/NEIN XA/LAZA XIO/NOS DOKEI= EI)=NAI YUXROTE/RA KAI\ KRU/STALLOS PA/XNHS, KAQA/PER O( PEPURAKTWME/NOS SI/DHROS TH=S FLOGO\S DOKEI= EI)=NAI QER-MO/TEROS: DIA\ GA\R FLOGO\S PARA/GOMEN TH\N XEI=RA, OU) TOLMW=MEN DE/ POTE A(/YASQAI TOU= PEPURAKTWME/NOU SIDH/ROU. {1<20*PRI\N EI)S U(/DWR SUGKRIQH=NAI PA/LIN.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ TE/WS E(\N E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI H( PA/XNH YUXROTE/RA: LUOME/NH GA\R EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLETAI. {1<20*GI/NETAI DE\ XEIMW=NOS KAI\ MA=LLON E)N TOI=S XEIMERI/OIS TO/POIS.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ TO\ A)/LLO E)PIXEI/RHMA, TO\ GI/NESQAI E)N TOI=S YUXROTE/ROIS XWRI/OIS KAI\ YUXRA=| W(/RA| TH\N PA/XNHN. {1<20*DRO/SOS DE\ O(/TAN SUGKRIQH=| KAI\ H( A)TMI\S EI)S U(/DWR>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*TO/TE, FHSI/, DRO/SOS GI/NETAI, O(/TAN A)LLOIWQH=| H( A)TMI/S. A)LLOIOU=TAI DE\ OU)/TE O(/TAN E)STI\ POLLH\ QERMASI/A [1E)KDIAFOREI= GA\R KAI\ A)/NW E(/LKETAI]1 OU)/TE O(/TAN E)STI\ POLLH\ PA/NU YU/CIS: PA/XNH GA\R GI/NETAI. DIO\ E)N TAI=S ME/SAIS W(/RAIS GI/NETAI. {1<20*DH=LON GA/R, W(S H( A)TMI\S QERMO/TERON U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TO\ A)/LLO E)PIXEI/RHMA: AU(/TH DE\ PHGNUME/NH POIEI= TH\N PA/-XNHN, DHLONO/TI POLLH/ E)STIN H( YU/CIS: H( DE\ DRO/SOS MO/NON EI)S U(/DWR DHLOI= GINOME/NHN A)LLOI/WSIN. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*GI/NETAI DE\ A)/MFW AI)QRI/AS TE OU)/SHS KAI\ NHNEMI/AS.>20}1 @*(H META\ XEI=RAS LE/CIS TA\ KOINA\ KAI\ I)/DIA PARADI/DWSIN H(MI=N DRO/SOU KAI\ PA/XNHS. KAI\ PRW=TON KOINO\N TOU=TO, O(/TI W(/SPER DRO/SOS E)N TW=| KATWTA/TW| GI/NE-TAI TO/PW|, OU(/TW KAI\ H( PA/XNH. *DEU/TERON KOINO/N, O(/TI E(KA/TERON AU)TW=N E)FH-MERINH\N E)/XEI TH\N GE/NESIN. TRI/TON, O(/TI GI/NONTAI TAU=TA MA=LLON AI)QRI/AS TE KAI\ NHNEMI/AS OU)/SHS: OU)/TE GA\R LA/BROU A)NE/MOU O)/NTOS E(/N TI TOU/TWN GI/NETAI @1 [1DIASKORPI/ZETAI GA\R H( A)TMI\S U(PO\ TH=S TOU= A)NE/MOU BIAI/AS KINH/SEWS]1 OU)/TE MH\N U(ETOU= KATAGOME/NOU: KATABAPTI/ZETAI GA\R KAI\ OI(=ON E)PI\ GH=N A)PODIW/KETAI H( A)TMI/S. TAU=TA TA\ KOINA/. POI=A DE\ TA\ I)/DIA; O(/TI H( ME\N DRO/SOS GI/NETAI E)N TOI=S A)LEEINOTE/ROIS MA/LISTA KAIROI=S KAI\ TO/POIS, H( DE\ PA/XNH E)N TOI=S YUXRO-TE/ROIS, KAI\ O(/TI H( ME\N DRO/SOS GI/NETAI NOTI/WN PNEUMA/TWN E)PIKRATOU/NTWN, H( DE\ PA/XNH TW=N BOREI/WN. PLH\N TOU=TO E)PI\ PA/SHS XW/RAS A)LHQE\S PLH\N TOU= *PO/NTOU: E)KEI= GA\R A)NTIPEPONQO/TWS E)/XEI, KAI\ TOU= ME\N BORRA= PNE/ONTOS DRO/-SOS KATA/GETAI, TOU= DE\ NO/TOU PA/XNH GI/NETAI. AI)/TION DE\ TOU/TWN H( A)NTI-PERI/STASIS. E)PEIDH\ GA\R O( *PO/NTOS YUXRO/S E)STIN, E)A\N PNEU/SH| BORRA=S YU-XRO\S W)/N, E)PITEI/NEI TH\N YU/CIN, KAI\ LOIPO\N XWREI= PARA\ TO\ BA/QOS TH=S A)TMI/DOS H( QERMASI/A KAI\ MH\ EU(RI/SKOUSA DIE/CODON POLUPLASIA/ZETAI: KAI\ POLLH=S OU)/-SHS XU/SIS GI/NETAI KAI\ PI/PTEI DRO/SOS. EI) DE\ NO/TOS PNEU/SEI, TOU)NANTI/ON KAT-A/GETAI PA/XNH DIA\ TO\ POLUPLASIA/ZESQAI TO\ YUXRO\N A)POKLEIO/MENON. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N PERI\ DRO/SOU KAI\ PA/XNHS. E)/XEI DE\ E)NTEU=QEN KAI\ TA\ PERI\ U(ETOU= KAI\ XIO/NOS. A(\ GA\R EI)/RHTAI PERI\ TOU/TWN, TAU=TA DEI= KAI\ E)PI\ TOU/TWN E)NNOEI=N: A)NALOGEI= GA\R H( ME\N PA/XNH TH=| XIO/NI, H( DE\ DRO/SOS TW=| U(ETW=|. E)KEI=NO DE\ DEI= MO/NON A)PORH=SAI, TI/ DH/POTE MH\ E)/STI TO\ A)NALOGOU=N TH=| XALA/ZH| E)N TW=| PERI\ GH=N TO/PW|, A)LL' E)N ME\N TW=| A)/NW TRI/A GI/NONTAI, E)N DE\ TW=| KA/TW DU/O. AU(/TH ME\N H( A)PORI/A. QE/LWN DE\ TH\N LU/SIN AU)TH=S PARADOU=NAI, O(/PER PEPOI/H-KEN E)N TW=| DEUTE/RW| LO/GW| TH=S *FUSIKH=S A)KROA/SEWS, ZHTW=N PERI\ TOU= TO/POU EI)/TE DIA/STHMA/ E)STI EI)/TE E)PIFA/NEIA [1OU) PRO/TERON TOU=TO E)/LUSE PRI\N TA\ I)/DIA TOU/TW| PARADOU=NAI]1, TOU=TO KAI\ NU=N POIEI=, KAI\ PRI\N LU=SAI TH\N A)PORI/AN, TA\ I)/DIA KAI\ E)CAI/RETA TH=S XALA/ZHS PARADI/DWSIN. EI)SI\ DE\ PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI H( XA/LAZA PH=CI/S E)STIN U(/DATOS, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ O( KRU/STALLOS PH=CI/S E)STIN U(/DATOS POLLH\N PRO\S TH\N XA/LAZAN E)/XWN TH\N OI)KEIO/THTA. KAI\ OU(/TW LEUKH\ XA/LAZA KAI\ DIAFANH\S KAI\ BAREI=A W(S O( KRU/STALLOS. TOU=TO PRW=TON. DEU/TERON I)/DION: H( XA/LAZA MA=LLON LABRO/TERON FE/RETAI E)/AROS KAI\ FQINOPW/ROU H)/PER XEIMW=NOS. KAI\ A)/PORON, PW=S H( XA/LAZA PH=CIN DHLOU=SA OU)K E)N TH=| YUXROTE/RA| MA=LLON W(/RA| GI/NETAI. TOU/TOU DE\ TH\N LU/SIN E)N TOI=S OI)KEI/OIS TO/POIS E(CH=S A)PODI/DWSI. TOU=TO DE\ MO/NON XRH\ EI)DE/NAI, O(/TI A)/LLO O)PW/RA KAI\ A)/LLO QE/ROS: TO\ GA\R QE/ROS EI)S DU/O DIAIREI=TAI, EI)S QE/ROS, O(/TAN O( H(/LIO/S E)STIN E)N *KARKI/NW| KAI\ *PARQE/NW|, KAI\ EI)S O)PW/RAN, H(NI/KA E)STI\N O( H(/LIOS E)N *LE/ONTI, O(/TAN O( *SEI/RIOS FAI/NHTAI, LOIPO\N O(\N KAI\ O( POIHTH\S DIA\ TH\N O)PW/RAN KAI\ O)PWRINO\N E)KA/LESEN. O(/TI DE\ E)/STIN O)PW/RA, DHLOI= TO\ TH\N E(CH=S W(/RAN FQINO/PWRON KALEI=SQAI W(S A)\N META\ TH\N FQI/SIN TH=S O)PW/RAS E)PIGINOME/NHN. TOU=TO DEU/TERON I)/DION. TRI/-TON I)/DION, O(/TI H( XA/LAZA PH=CI/S E)STIN U(/DATOS OU)X I(STAME/NOU, A)LLA\ KINOUME/NOU. A)PORI/AN GA\R E)/XEI KA)NTAU=QA O( LO/GOS, PO/TERON A)/NW ME/NONTOS TOU= U(/DATOS GI/-NETAI H( PH=CIS. PRO/DHLON: OU)K E)NDE/XETAI DE\ TO\ U(/DWR TOU=TO ME/NEIN A)/NW @1 KAI\ OU(/TW PH/GNUSQAI. % A(/MA GA\R H( A)TMI\S EI)S U(/DWR METABLHQH=|, OU) ME/NEI A)/NW, A)LLA\ KA/TW FE/RETAI DIA\ TO\ SU/MFUTON TOU= U(/DATOS BA/ROS. OU)K E)NDE/XETAI OU)=N I(STAME/NOU TOU= U(/DATOS GI/NESQAI TH\N PH=CIN. EI) DE/ TIS EI)/PH|, O(/TI OU)K A)/TOPON GENE/SQAI TH\N XA/LAZAN POLLH=S XIO/NOS SUNAGOME/NHS KAI\ E(NOUME/NHS, W(/SPER GI/NETAI KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N YEKA/DWN [1POLLAI\ GA\R SUMBAI/NOUSAI YEKA/DES MIKRAI\ A)POTELOU=SI MI/AN MEGA/LHN]1, E)ROU=MEN, O(/TI OU)K E)NDE/XETAI: YEKA\S GA\R YEKA/DI SU/NEISIN EI)S MEI/ZONOS YEKA/DOS GE/NESIN, XIW\N DE\ XIO/NI OU) SUNE/RXETAI, DIO/TI TA\ ME\N U(GRA\ SUNE/RXETAI, TA\ DE\ PEPHGO/TA SUNELQEI=N KAI\ E(NWQH=NAI OU) DU/NANTAI. A)DU/NATON OU)=N A)/NW GENE/SQAI TH\N PH=CIN. TI/ OU)=N LEI/PETAI; O(/TI E)N TW=| KATIE/NAI H( PH=CIS GI/NETAI, DIO/TI POLU/ E)STI TO\ DIA/STHMA. 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DEUTE/RA A)PORI/A: KAI\ TI/ DH/POTE FQINOPW/ROU MA=LLON H)/PER E)/AROS GI/NETAI, EI)/ GE KAI\ TO\ FQINO/PWRON U(GRO\N KAI\ TO\ E)/AR; O(/TI TO\ ME\N E)/AR E)/TI U(GRO/N, TO\ DE\ FQINO/PWRON H)/DH U(GRO\N GI/NE-TAI KAI\ AU)/CEI U(GRO/THS, E)N DE\ TW=| E)/ARI PAU/ETAI H( U(GRO/THS. KAI\ LU/EI LE/GWN: DIA\ TO\ PROQERMANQH=NAI TO\N E)N TW=| FQINOPW/RW| A)E/RA DIA\ TO\ PROHGHSA/MENON QE/ROS: TA\ GA\R PROQERMANQE/NTA TAXU/TERON YU/XONTAI. OU(/TW GA/R, E)A\N QE-LH/SWMEN YUXRO/TERO/N TI POIH=SAI, PROQERMAI/NOMEN AU)TO\ KAI\ EI)=Q' OU(/TWS PERIPLA/TTOMEN E)/CWQEN XIO/NA, I(/NA W(S DIA\ NOTEROU= MA=LLON DIEISDU/NH| H( YU/CIS. OU(/TW KAI\ OI( PERI\ TO\N *)/ISTRON QHREU/ONTES DIA\ TO\ PEPH=XQAI TA\ E)PIPOLH=S TOU= *)/ISTROU TO\ A)/KRON TOU= KALA/MOU QERMAI/NOUSIN: A(/MA ME/N, I(/NA DIEISDU/NH| @1 DIALU=ON TH\N PH=CIN, A(/MA DE\ META\ TO\ LU=SAI I(/NA SUNTO/MWS GE/NHTAI H( PH=CIS KAI\ DI/KHN MOLI/BDOU TO\ A)/KRON TOU= KALA/MOU KRATH/SH| KAI\ MH\ META\ POLU\N XRO/NON GE/NHTAI H( PH=CIS KAI\ A)NAGKASQW=SIN E)PI\ PLE/ONA E)/XEIN W(/RAN E)/CW TH\N XEI=RA. TRI/TH A)PORI/A: EI) DIA\ TH\N E)/NDEIAN TH=S U(GRO/THTOS QE/ROUS U(ETO\S OU) GI/NETAI, TI/ DH/POTE E)N *)ARABI/A| KAI\ E)N *AI)QIOPI/A| GI/NETAI QE/ROUS U(ETO/S; KAI\ LU/OMEN, O(/TI E)/STIN U(GRO/THS, A)LL' OU)K E)KEI= GINOME/NH, A)LL' E)KEI= SWREUOME/NH. E)PEIDH\ GA\R E)N TW=| QE/REI PNE/OUSIN E)THSI/AI BO/REIOI O)/NTES, E)CWQOU=SIN E)KEI= TA\ NE/FH KAI\ PRW=TON PROSPTAI/ONTA *SELHNAI/OIS H)\ *)ARGURE/OIS O)/RESI TH=| PILH/SEI EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLONTAI KAI\ KATA/GETAI U(ETO/S. DIO\ KAI\ O( *NEI=LOS QE/REI GE-NE/THS E)STI/. KAI\ TAU/THN TH\N AI)TI/AN FASI\ TH=S A)NABA/SEWS AU)TOU=. LE/GOUSI DE\ KAI\ A)/LLAS TREI=S: MI/AN ME/N, E)PEIDH\ E)N TOI=S *SELHNAI/OIS O)/RESI XIW\N A)PO/-KEITAI, H(/TIS A)NALUOME/NH E)N TW=| QE/REI PLHMMU/RAN POIEI= TW=N U(DA/TWN. DEU-TE/RA E)PI/LUSIS: FASI\ TO\N *NEI=LON TH\N A)RXH\N E)/XEIN E)N TH=| A)NTOIKOUME/NH|: E)PEIDH\ OU)=N, O(/TE E)KEI= E)STI XEIMW/N, E)N H(MI=N QE/ROS E)STI/, SUMBAI/NEI PLEONECI/AS E)KEI= U(DA/TWN OU)/SHS KATARREI=N E)NTAU=QA KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO PLEONA/ZEIN TO\N *NEI=LON. TRI/TH AI)TI/A, H(/TIS AI)TIA=TAI TH\N A)NTIPERI/STASIN: QERMASI/AS GA\R OU)/SHS TO\ YUXRO\N A)NTIPERIISTA/MENON PUKNOI= KAI\ U(/DWR GENNA=|. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( PAROU=SA QEWRI/A. SUGKATAPAU/ETAI GA\R AU)TH=| O( PERI\ XALA/ZHS KAI\ U(ETOU= KAI\ XIO/NOS KAI\ PA/XNHS KAI\ DRO/SOU LO/GOS. {1<20*TOI=S ME\N OU)=N DOKEI= TOU= PA/QOUS AI)/TION EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI TOI=S PERI\ *)ANACAGO/RAN. {1<20*SUMBAI/NEI DE\ E)N TOI=S SFO/DRA U(YHLOI=S H(/KISTA TAU=TA.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( TH=S *)ANACAGO/ROU E)PILU/SEWS A)NATROPH/. {1<20*KAI/TOI E)/DEI W(/SPER TH\N XIO/NA.>20}1 @*DI' H(\N DE\ A)/RA AI)TI/AN OU) GI/NETAI KAI\ H( XA/LAZA E)N TOI=S U(YHLOI=S W(/SPER H( XIW\N TO/POIS; KAI\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI POU= ME\N A)TMI/S E)STI PHGNUME/NH TH\N A)/NW DIOIKOU=SA FORA/N, POU= DE\ U(/DWR E)PI\ TH=S XALA/ZHS KAI\ U(/DWR E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW KINOU/MENON. O(/SON OU)=N E)PI\ TW=| LO/GW| *)ANACAGO/ROU E)/DEI KAI\ TH\N XA/LAZAN E)N TW=| A)/NW GI/NESQAI TO/PW|, O(/PER OU)K E)/XEI TO\ A)LHQE/S. {1<20*)/ETI DE\ POLLA/KIS W)=PTAI NE/FH FERO/MENA.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON A)/TOPON. @1 {1<20*(OTE\ DE\ KAI\ A)/NEU YO/FOU TOIOU/TWN O)FQE/NTWN NEFW=N.>20}1 @*TO\ A)/TOPON, O(/TI GI/NONTAI XA/LAZAI MEGA/LAI KAI\ E)PIMH/KEIS KAI\ A)RAIAI/, O(/PER DHLOI= E)N TW=| KA/TW GI/NESQAI TO/PW| TH\N PH=CIN. {1<20*(/OTI ME\N OU)=N OU) TW=| A)PWQEI=SQAI.>20}1 @*TO\ SUMPE/RASMA TW=N E(POME/NWN A)TO/PWN TH=| *)ANACAGO/ROU DO/CH|. {1<20*)ALL' E)PEIDH\ O(RW=MEN, O(/TI GI/NETAI A)NTIPERI/STASIS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( LU/SIS TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS. {1<20*KAI\ MA/LISTA O(/TAN MA/LISTA: O(/TAN D' E)/TI MA=LLON A)NTI-PERISTH=| E)NTO\S TO\ YUXRO/N.>20}1 @*)EF' O(/SON GI/NETAI H( A)NTIPERI/STASIS E)PITETAME/NH, E)PI\ TOSOU=TON KAI\ TH=S PH/CEWS E)PIKRATESTE/RA. {1<20*SUMBAI/NEI DE\ TOU=TO, O(/TAN QA=TTON H)=| H( PH=CIS H)\ H( TOU= U(/DATOS FORA\ KA/TW.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TH\N LU/SIN E)PA/GEI TH=S DEUTE/RAS A)PORI/AS. {1<20*(=HTTON DE\ TOU= QE/ROUS GI/NONTAI H)\ E)/AROS KAI\ METOPW/ROU, MA=LLON ME/NTOI H)\ XEIMW=NOS.>20}1 @*(H A)PORI/A, DIA\ TI/ MH\ MA=LLON QE/ROUS GI/NONTAI XA/LAZAI, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ PLEI/WN H( A)NTIPERI/STASIS. KAI\ LU/EI LE/GWN, O(/TI OU) PA/RESTIN H( U(LIKH\ AI)TI/A: CHRO/THS GA/R E)STIN. {1<20*GI/NONTAI DE/ POTE, KAQA/PER EI)/RHTAI, KAI\ TH=S O)PW/RAS XA/LAZAI DIA\ TH\N AU)TH\N AI)TI/AN.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI DIA\ TH\N A)NTIPERI/STASIN. @1 {1<20*SUMBA/LLETAI D' E)/TI KAI\ PRO\S TH\N TRAXU/THTA TH=S PH/-CEWS KAI\ TO\ QERMANQH=NAI TO\ U(/DWR.>20}1 @*(H LU/SIS TH=S DEUTE/RAS A)PORI/AS TH=S LEGOU/SHS: DIA\ TI/ FQINOPW/ROU MA=LLON H)\ E)/AROS, E)PEIDH\ PRO\S TH\N SU/NTOMON PH=CIN SUMBA/LLETAI TO\ PROQER-MANQH=NAI TO\ U(/DWR; {1<20*XRW=NTAI GA\R TW=| KALA/MW| W(/SPER TW=| MOLI/BDW|.>20}1 @*OU)X W(/SPER AU)TOI\ KE/XRHNTAI TW=| MOLI/BDW| A)PODESMOU=NTES E)N TH=| O(RMIA=|, OU(/TW KE/XRHNTAI NU=N TW=| KALA/MW|, A)LL' W(/SPER OI( TA\ A)GA/LMATA I(STW=NTES KE/XRHNTAI AU)TW=| XA/RIN TOU= STHRI/CAI KAI\ POIH=SAI H)REMH=SAI E)PI\ TO\N BWMO\N TO\ A)/GALMA, W(S LOIPO\N KRATOUME/NOU TOU= KALA/MOU U(PO\ TOU= KRUSTA/LLOU MHDE\ AI)/SQHTAI TH=S XEIRO\S PRO\S KRA/THSIN. TH\N GOU=N XREI/AN TH=S XEIRO\S TOU= A(LI-E/WS POIEI= O( KRU/STALLOS. {1<20*QERMO\N DE\ GI/NETAI TAXU\ TO\ SUNISTA/MENON U(/DWR E)N TAI=S W(/RAIS KAI\ TAI=S XW/RAIS TAI=S A)LEEINAI=S.>20}1 @*TOU=TO W(S PRO\S TO\ A)/NW A)PODE/DWKEN. E)PEIDH\ GA\R E)/FH, O(/TI PROQER-MAI/NOUSI TO\ U(/DWR KAI\ OU(/TW YU/XOUSI, FHSI/N, O(/TI E)N TAI=S QERMAI=S W(/RAIS TO\ U(/DWR SUNTOMW/TERON QERMAI/NETAI, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ A(LMURO/TERON EU(RI/SKETAI. {1<20*GI/NETAI DE\ KAI\ PERI\ TH\N *)ARABI/AN.>20}1 @*(H GA\R A)PORI/A, DIA\ TI/ E)N *AI)QIOPI/A| U(ETO\S KATA/GETAI, EI)/ GE MH\ E)/STIN E)KEI=SE U(GRO/THS. KAI\ LU/EI LE/GWN, O(/TI E)/STIN, A)LL' OU)K E)KEI= GEGENHME/NH, A)LL' E)KEI= SESWREUME/NH DIA\ TO\ A)PODIW/KESQAI TA\ NE/FH U(PO\ TW=N E)THSI/WN BO-REI/WN O)/NTWN. {1<20*KAI\ NIFETOU=.>20}1 @*)ARXAI/W| O)NO/MATI TH\N XIO/NA NIFETO\N E)KA/LESEN. OU(/TW GOU=N KAI\ O( POIH-TH\S TH\N XIO/NA KALEI=. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ DE\ A)NE/MWN KAI\ PA/NTWN PNEUMA/TWN.>20}1 @*)/ANEISIN O( FILO/SOFOS META\ TA\ GINO/MENA E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS E)/N TE TW=| A)/NW TO/PW| KAI\ E)N TW=| KA/TW KAI\ E)PI\ TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN KAI\ PARADI/DWSI @1 PA/LIN TA\ E)C AU)TH=S GINO/MENA OU)K E)KPUROUME/NHS [1H)/DH GA\R TAU=TA PARADE/DWKEN, H(NI/KA DIA|TTO/NTWN, DALW=N KAI\ TW=N O(MOI/WN E)ME/MNHTO]1, A)LLA\ MENOU/SHS OU(/TWS. PERI\ GA\R A)NE/MWN DIALE/GETAI: OU)DE\N DE\ E(/TERO/N E)STIN A)/NEMOS H)\ KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS KINOUME/NH E)N TW=| PERI\ TH\N GH=N TO/PW|. TO\ DE\ "3PERI\ TH\N GH=N"3 SHMAI/NEI, W(S LOCH\N TH\N KI/NHSIN POIOU=NTAI OI( A)/NEMOI. TH=S DE\ LOCH=S KINH/-SEWS TW=N A)NE/MWN A)/LLHN ME\N AI)TI/AN O( *QEO/FRASTOS E)N TOI=S OI)KEI/OIS *METE-W/ROIS A)PODI/DWSIN, A)/LLHN DE\ NU=N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. O( GA\R *QEO/FRASTO/S FHSIN E)N TH=| KAPNW/DEI TAU/TH| A)NAQUMIA/SEI MEMI=XQAI/ TINA PURW/DH OU)SI/AN KAI\ GH-I/NHN, AI(/TINES TH\N E)NANTI/AN KI/NHSIN KINOU/MENAI KAI\ MAXO/MENAI LOCH\N POIOU=N-TAI TH\N KI/NHSIN. MH\ GA/R TIS LEGE/TW, O(/TI DIA\ TI/ GA\R MH\ U(FI/ETAI H)\ [2H(]2 E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW KI/NHSIS TOU= GEW/DOUS E)PIKRATOU=NTOS H)\ H( E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW TOU= PU-RW/DOUS PLEONA/ZONTOS E)P' EU)QEI/AS TH=S KINH/SEWS GINOME/NHS; R(HTE/ON GA/R, O(/TI TOU=TO KALW=S LE/GETAI E)PI\ SWMA/TWN KREMAME/NWN: E)PI\ GA\R E)KEI/NWN A)NA/GKH U(/FESIN GENE/SQAI E(KATE/RAS A)METRI/AS KOLAZOME/NHS, E)PI\ DE\ SWMA/TWN KATA\ PARA/QESIN E(NWQE/NTWN OU)X E(/PETAI TOU=TO: E(KA/TERON GA\R TH\N AU)TH\N E)/XON I)SXU\N ME/NEI A)POMAXO/MENON. DIO\ MHDENO\S U(PEI/KONTOS E)K PERISTA/SEWS TO\ O(/LON EI)S TA\ PLA/GIA FE/RETAI. OU(/TW ME\N O( *QEO/FRASTOS. O( DE/ GE *)ARISTO-TE/LHS FHSI/N, O(/TI A)/NEISIN H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS KAI\ FE/RETAI PLHSI/ON TOU= A)POGEI/OU A)E/ROS, KAI\ KU/KLOU GENOME/NOU KAI\ PROSPTAI/ONTOS KU/KLW| KINOUME/NW| SW/MATI XEI=TAI KAI\ PEPLANHME/NHN EI)S TA\ PLA/GIA KI/NHSIN POIEI=TAI. W(/SPER GA\R EI)/ TIS LU/XNON A)POSBE/SAS TH=S QRUALLI/DOS E)/TI SW|ZOME/NHS U(POBA/LH| TOU=-TON KA/TW KRIKWTH=S SFAI/RAS, QEA/SETAI TO\N PROSPTAI/ONTA KAPNO\N OU) KU/KLW| SUMPERIFERO/MENON TH=| SFAI/RA|, A)LL' EI)S TA\ PLA/GIA PEPLANHME/NWS KINOU/MENON. OU(/TWS E)STI\ KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS KAI\ TOU= KU/KLW| KINOU-ME/NOU A)E/ROS. OU(/TW KAI\ O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. E(/PETAI DE\ TW=| ME\N *QEOFRA/STW| KA/TWQEN LE/GEIN TH\N A)RXH\N TOU\S A)NE/MOUS E)/XEIN [1DH=LON GA/R, O(/TI EU)QU\S MA/-XONTAI]1, TW=| DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LEI TO\ A)/NWQEN E)K TOU= A)E/ROS E)/XEIN TH\N A)RXH\N TH=S KINH/SEWS TOU\S A)NE/MOUS. KAI\ A)/MEINON *)ARISTOTE/LHS LE/GEI H)\ *QEO/FRASTOS: TW=| GA\R *)ARISTOTE/LEI MARTUREI= TA\ PRA/GMATA. KINOUME/NWN GA\R TW=N NEFW=N PRO-LE/GOMEN TO\N ME/LLONTA PNEU/SESQAI A)/NEMON W(S E)KEI=QEN A)RXO/MENON PNEI=N. A)LLA\ MH\N E)/DEI KATA\ TO\N *QEO/FRASTON E)N TOI=S KOI/LOIS MA=LLON TO/POIS SFODRO-TE/ROUS EI)=NAI TOU\S A)NE/MOUS, EI) GA\R A)PO\ GH=S A)/RXONTAI, E(/KASTON DE\ PRO\S TH\N OI)KEI/AN A)RXH\N SFODRO/TERO/N E)STIN. A)LLA\ MH\N O(RW=MEN, O(/TI E)N TOI=S O)/RESIN DIA\ TO\ PLHSIA/ZEIN AU)TA\ TW=| A)/NW A)E/RI SFODRO/TEROI/ EI)SIN OI( A)/NEMOI. *)ARISTO-TE/LHS DE\ LE/GEI TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TH=S LOCH=S AU)TW=N KINH/SEWS. A)RXO/MENOS DE\ O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH=S PERI\ A)NE/MOU KATA\ TO\N EI)QISME/NON TRO/PON DIDASKALI/AS PRO/-TERON TA\ TOI=S A)/LLOIS DOKOU=NTA A)NATRE/PEI KAI\ OU(/TW TH\N I)DI/AN E)PA/GEI PERI\ AU)TW=N DO/CAN. TREI=S OU)=N U(POLH/YEIS PALAIW=N A)NATRE/PEI PERI\ A)NE/MWN GENOME/NAS. MI/AN ME/N, O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN O( A)/NEMOS A)H\R KINOU/MENOS, KAQA/PER @1 *(IPPOKRA/THS O( I)ATRO\S U(PELA/MBANE: LE/GEI GA\R E)N TW=| *PERI\ FUSW=N TO\N A)/NE-MON H)E/ROS EI)=NAI R(EU=MA KAI\ XEU=MA: TOU/TOU GA\R KINOUME/NOU TOU\S A)NE/MOUS E)/LEGE GI/NESQAI, I(STAME/NOU DE\ TO\ U(/DWR. DEUTE/RAN DE\ E)LE/GXEI U(PO/LHYIN TH\N LE/GOUSAN E(/NA EI)=NAI A)/NEMON KAI\ OU) PLEI/ONAS, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ OI( O)NOMAZO/MENOI PLEI/OUS A)/NEMOI EI(=S A)/NEMO/S E)STI DIA\ TO\ E)K MIA=S U(/LHS GI/NESQAI. TRI/THN DE\ E)LE/GXEI TH\N U(POTIQEME/NHN E)NERGEI/A| EI)=NAI TH\N U(/LHN TW=N A)NE/MWN SWREUO-ME/NHN E)N TH=| GH=|, W(/SPER OU)=N KAI\ TW=N U(DA/TWN. O(/QEN E)PEIDH\ U(DA/TWN E)MNH-MO/NEUSEN, E)KKROU/ETAI TOU= PROKEIME/NOU KAI\ PERI\ POTAMW=N DIALE/GETAI KAI\ KATAPAU/EI TO\N PRW=TON LO/GON EI)S TO\N PERI\ POTAMW=N LO/GON: EI)=TA DIA\ TH\N SUGGE/NEIAN TW=N POTAMW=N KAI\ TH=S QALA/TTHS A)RXO/MENOS TOU= DEUTE/ROU LO/GOU TOU\S PERI\ QALA/TTHS POIEI=TAI LO/GOUS, KAI\ EI)=Q' OU(/TWS TELEUTAI=ON A)/NEISIN E)PI\ TO\ E)C A)RXH=S KAI\ PERI\ A)NE/MWN DIALE/GETAI. AU(/TH ME\N OU)=N E)STIN H( PERIPE/-TEIA TOU= LO/GOU. A)RCW/MEQA OU)=N A)PO\ TOU= PRW/TOU KAI\ SKOPH/SWMEN, EI) O( A)/NEMOS A)H/R E)STI KINOU/MENOS, KAI\ PRO/TERON, EI) DOKEI=, TW=| A)NTIKEIME/NW| SUN-HGORH/SWMEN. TOSOU=TO/N FHSIN: O( A)/NEMOS A)H\R KINOU/MENO/S E)STIN, O(/TI KAI\ H(MEI=S AU)TOI\ KINOU=NTES TO\N A)E/RA A)/NEMON POIOU=MEN: R(IPI/DA GA\R DI' AU)TOU= PAR-A/GONTES TA\ A)NE/MWN E)RGAZO/MEQA YU/XONTES TO\ SW=MA. A)LLA\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI OU) GNH/SION POIOU=MEN A)/NEMON [1OU) GA\R E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS GI/NETAI A)NAQUMIA/SEWS]1, A)LLA\ MA=LLON NO/QON. A)LLA\ ZHTHTE/ON, TI/ DH/POTE, EI) E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NA-QUMIA/SEWS OI( A)/NEMOI, TH=S QE/RMHS YU/XOUSI: KAI\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI TW=| E)CWQEI=N A)F' H(MW=N TO\N PROEKQERMANQE/NTA E)C H(MW=N A)E/RA KAI\ EI)SFE/REIN YUXRO/TERON A)E/RA, TOU/TW| YU/XOUSI. TOU/TW| TW=| LO/GW| KAI\ H( R(IPI\S TA\ A)NE/MWN POIEI= E)KDIW/-KOUSA TO\N QERMANQE/NTA A)E/RA. O(/QEN E)N QO/LW| QERMOU= A)E/ROS OU)DE\N SUM-BA/LLETAI H( R(IPI\S DIA\ TO\ QERMO\N EI)=NAI TO\N A)NTEISAGO/MENON A)E/RA. A)LL' H( A)PORI/A, KAI\ DIA\ TI/ QE/ROUS MH\ SFODRO/TEROI OI( A)/NEMOI, EI) KAI\ PLEI/WN H( A)NA-QUMI/ASIS H( KAPNW/DHS. KAI\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI W(/SPER A)PO\ U(GROU= CU/LOU POLU\S KAPNO\S E)KDI/DOTAI H)/PER A)PO\ CHROTE/ROU, OU(/TW KAI\ A)PO\ U(GRA=S GH=S H)/PER A)PO\ CHRA=S: DIO\ MA=LLO/N E)STI XEIMW=NOS SFODRO/TERA. O(/TI DE\ OU)K E)/STI A)/NEMOS A)H\R KINOU/MENOS, DEI/CEIS E)NTEU=QEN: POI=ON LE/GEIS A)/NEMON, TO\N SUMPERIFERO/-MENON TW=| PANTI\ H)\ TO\N PERI/GEION; A)LL' EI) ME\N TO\N SUMPERIFERO/MENON, E)/DEI PA/NTAS TOU\S A)NE/MOUS A)PHLIW/TAS EI)=NAI [1OU(/TW GA\R KINEI=TAI O( A)PO/GEIOS A)H\R TW=| PANTI\ SUMPERIFERO/MENOS]1, EI) DE\ TO\N PERI/GEION LE/GEIS A)E/RA KINEI=SQAI, E)/DEI TOU\S A)NE/MOUS E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW KINEI=SQAI: TAU/THN GA\R KINEI=TAI TH\N KI/NHSIN O( PERI/GEIOS A)H/R. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ LOCW=S KINOU=NTAI KAI\ OU) PA/NTES A)PHLIW=TAI: PRO/DHLON, O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN O( A)/NEMOS A)H\R KINOU/MENOS. A)LL' OU)DE\ MH\N EI(=S E)STIN O( A)/NEMOS, DIO/TI PA=S A)/NEMOS E)K TH=S AU)TH=S U(/LHS E)STI/: TA\ GA\R PRA/-GMATA OU) TH=| U(/LH|, A)LLA\ TW=| EI)/DEI KRI/NONTAI. EI) GA\R TH=| U(/LH|, OU)DE\N DIENH/NOXEN I(/PPOS KAI\ KU/WN KAI\ A)/NQRWPOS KAI\ TA\ LOIPA\ ZW=|A: MI/A GA/R E)STI TOU/TOIS U(POBEBLHME/NH U(/LH. A)LL' E)/STIN E)PI\ AU)TW=N H( KRI/SIS E)K TOU= DIAFO/ROU EI)/DOUS. @1 EI) OU)=N KAI\ MI/A E)STI\N H( U(/LH TW=N A)NE/MWN, A)LL' OU)=N O(/MWS TA\ EI)/DH DIA/FORA. EI)/DH DE\ TW=N A)NE/MWN OI( TO/POI OI( DIA/FOROI, E)C W(=N PNE/OUSI KAI\ EI)S OU(\S FE/-RONTAI. OU(/TW KAI\ OI( POTAMOI/, EI) TH=| U(/LH| TA\ PRA/GMATA E)KRI/NONTO, OU)DE\N A)\N A)LLH/LWN DIE/FERON: PA/NTWN GA\R U(/LH TO\ U(/DWR, % A)LL' E)PEIDH/ TINI EI)/DEI KRI/NONTAI. E)/STI D' AU)TW=N DIA/FORA EI)/DH POTAMW=N AI( PHGAI/, E)C W(=N FE/RONTAI, KAI\ TA\ ME/RH TA\ DIA/FORA TH=S QALA/TTHS, EI)S A(\ E)KRE/OUSI: PA/NTES GA\R OI( POTAMOI\ EI)S TH\N QA/LATTAN EI)SBA/LLOUSI. DIO\ KAI\ AU)TH\ QHLUKW=S LE/GETAI [1QH/LEOS GA\R TO\ DE/XESQAI]1, AU)TOI\ DE\ A)RRENIKW=S: A)/RRENOS GA\R TO\ DIDO/NAI. TOU=TO KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON. TRI/TON, O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN E)NERGEI/A| H( U(/LH SWREUQEI=SA TW=N A)NE/MWN KATA\ TO\N POIHTH\N EI)RHKO/TA: @@A)SKO\N ME\N LU=SAN, A)/NEMOI D' E)K PA/NTES O)/ROUSAN, W(/SPER OU)=N OU)D' H( TW=N U(DA/TWN: KAI\ O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN E)NERGEI/A| H( TW=N U(DA/TWN W(/SPER E)N A)GGEI/W| PHGH/, DEI/CH|S A)\N DIA\ TRIW=N E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN. EI)/ TIS FAN-TASQEI/H, PO/SON E)STI\ TO\ E)KRE/ON U(/DWR E)N TH=| QALA/SSH| KAQ' E(KA/STHN H(ME/RAN KAI\ DI' O(/LOU TOU= E)/TOUS E)K TW=N POTAMW=N, OU(/TWS EU(RH/SEI POLLW=| PLE/ON TO\ U(/DWR U(PA/RXEIN TOU= O)/GKOU TH=S GH=S. DEU/TERON: EI) E)N TW=| A)/NW TO/PW| A)TMI\S FEROME/NH KAI\ YU/CEI PROSPTAI/OUSA PH/GNUTAI KAI\ EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLETAI, TI/ A)/TOPON KAI\ E)N TH=| GH=| A)TMI/DOS OU)/SHS TAU/THN U(POQE/SQAI EI)S U(/DWR METABAL-LOME/NHN; E)/STI GA\R KAI\ E)N TH=| GH=| YU/CIS. W(/STE OU)K E)NERGEI/A| E)STI\ TO\ U(/DWR, ㈔A)LLA\ GI/NETAI KAQ' E(KA/STHN TH=S A)TMI/DOS METABALLOU/SHS. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) OI( U(DROFA/NTAI OU) TOU\S TUXO/NTAS TO/POUS O)RU/SSOUSIN, A)LL' E)N O(/SOIS EI)SI\N I(DRW=TES TH=S GH=S, W(S A)\N E)KEI= PLEI/ONOS U(POKEIME/NHS A)TMI/DOS KAI\ TAU/THS EI)S U(/DWR METABALLOME/NHS, PRO/DHLON O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN E)NERGEI/A|. DOKIMA/ZOUSI DE\ TH\N E)/NUDRON GH=N OI( U(DROFA/NTAI OU(/TWS: A)GGEI/OU KENOU= TO\ STO/MA XWNNU/-OUSIN EI)S TH\N GH=N KAI\ E)W=SIN EI)S TH\N GH=N, KAI\ META\ TAU=TA E)PAI/ROUSIN AU)TO\ A)PO\ TH=S GH=S. KAI\ E)A\N PERI\ TO\N PUQME/NA E)/SWQEN EU(/RWSIN A)TMI/DA TINA/, LE/GOUSI TO\ U(/DWR E)KEI= U(PA/RXEIN: O(/SW| DE\ PLEI/STHN A)TMI/DA EU(/RWSI, TO-SOU=TON E)PIPOLH=S TO\ U(/DWR DHLOU=TAI O(/TI E)STI/N. KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO E(/LKEI TO\ A)G-GEI=ON TH\N I)KMA/DA TH=S GH=S, E)PEIDH\ QERMAINO/MENON U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU DI/KHN SI-KU/AS E(/LKEI, E)A\N E)/STIN E)KEI=SE U(GRO/THS. O(/TI DE\ OU)K E)/STIN E)NERGEI/A| TO\ U(/DWR, KAI\ E)C H(MW=N AU)TW=N DH=LO/N E)STI: TH=S GA\R QALA/TTHS PLHSI/ON E)N TW=| AI)GIALW=| BO/QRON E)MPOIOU=NTES SUNAGO/MENON EU(RI/SKOMEN GLUKU\ U(/DWR: W(/STE OU)K E)NER-GEI/A| E)STI\N H( U(/LH TW=N POTAMW=N. OU) TOU=TO LE/GW, O(/TI OU)DE\ O(/LWS E)STI\N E)NER-GEI/A| [1E)/STI GA/R]1, A)LL' O(/TI OU)DE\ MO/NWS E)NERGEI/A| OU)/TE MO/NWS DUNA/MEI. O(/TI DE/ E)STIN E)NERGEI/A|, DH=LON E)/K TE TH=S E)MFA/SEWS TW=N POTAMW=N KAI\ E)K TH=S A)NAPO/SEWS KAI\ E)K TW=N A)NAFUOME/NWN E)N QALA/TTH| GLUKE/WN U(DA/TWN. GI/NON-TAI DE\ AI( ME\N A)NAPO/SEIS TW=N POTAMW=N DIA\ TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI POLLA/KIS E)/CODON E)N QALA/TTH|: DIO\ MH\ H)REMOU/NTWN TW=N U(DA/TWN, A)LL' E)N AU)TOI=S O(DOPOIOU/NTWN POLLA/KIS E)PI\ TO\ BA/QOS XWROU=SI KAI\ E)CAI/FNHS A)FANI/ZONTAI: E)KFANEI=S DE\ GI/- @1NONTAI, O(/TAN E)N BA/QEI PLEONA/ZON TO\ U(/DWR META\ POLLOU= PNEU/MATOS BIAI/WS E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW A)NENEXQH=|. E)N DE\ TW=| ME/SW| TH=S QALA/SSHS GLUKU\ U(/DWR EU(RI/-SKETAI, W(/STE KAI\ E)C AU)TOU= A)RU/ESQAI DIA\ TO\ POLU\ PNEU=MA MEMI=XQAI TW=| U(/DATI TW=| KA/TW KAI\ TH\N E)/KFANSIN U(POME/NONTI: TOU=TO OU)=N U(PO\ TOU= PNEU/MA-TOS METEWRIZO/MENON A)/NEISIN A)/NW KAI\ E)PIPOLH=S EU(RI/SKETAI. TAU=TA DIA\ TOU/-TWN PARADI/DWSIN *)ARISTOTE/LHS. {1<20*PERI\ DE\ A)NE/MWN KAI\ PA/NTWN PNEUMA/TWN.>20}1 @*)/ANEISI E)PI\ TO\N LO/GON TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS KAI\ PARADI/DWSI TA\ E)K TAU/THS GINO/MENA OU)K E)KPUROUME/NHS, A)LLA\ MENOU/SHS. OU(/TW DE/ E)STI PERI\ A)NE/MWN KAI\ PA/NTWN PNEUMA/TWN. TI/ OU)=N KAI\ TA\ PNEU/MATA OU)/K EI)SIN A)/NEMOI; R(HTE/ON, O(/TI PERI\ ME\N A)NE/MWN LE/GEI TW=N KATONOMASQE/NTWN, TW=N DE\ LOIPW=N PNEUMA/TWN A)KATONOMA/STWN: E)/STI GA\R POLLA/, OI(=A TA\ METACU\ KAIKI/OU TUXO\N KAI\ BORRA= KAI\ TW=N LOIPW=N. {1<20*)/ETI DE\ POTAMW=N KAI\ QALA/TTHS.>20}1 @*PROTI/QETAI EI)PEI=N PERI\ A)NE/MWN PRW=TON, EI)=TA PERI\ QALA/TTHS KAI\ EI)=Q' OU(/TWS PERI\ POTAMW=N. PLH\N OU) PERI\ A)NE/MWN PRW=TON POIEI=TAI TO\N LO/GON, A)LL' A)PORH/SAS, EI) E)NERGEI/A| E)STI\N H( U(/LH AU)TW=N KAI\ EI)RHKW/S, O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN, W(/SPER OU)=N OU)DE\ TW=N POTAMW=N, A)POPLANA=TAI KAI\ PERI\ TW=N POTAMW=N TO\N LO/GON POIEI=TAI KATAKOLOUQW=N KA)N TOU/TW| TW=| *PLA/TWNI. OU(/TW GA\R KA)KEI=NOS PROTI/QETAI ME\N E)N TAI=S *POLITEI/AIS PERI\ DIKAIOSU/NHS EI)PEI=N, A)POPLANA=TAI DE\ O(/MWS KAI\ TOU\S PERI\ POLITEI/AS LO/GOUS KATABA/LLETAI, A)/MEINON H(GOU/MENOS KATALIMPA/NEIN H(MA=S TA\ MIKRA\ GRA/MMATA, FHMI\ DE\ TH\N DIKAIOSU/NHN, KAI\ KE-XRH=SQAI TOI=S MEI/ZOSI GRA/MMASI, FHMI\ DH\ TAI=S POLITEI/AIS. TOU/TW| GA\R KAI\ MO/NW| DIAFE/RETON A)LLH/LWN. {1<20*EI)SI\ DE/ TINES, OI(/ FASI TO\N KALOU/MENON A)E/RA>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @<20*TINE\S>20 TOUTE/STIN OI( PERI\ TO\N *(IPPOKRA/THN. OU(=TOS GA\R TO\N A)/NEMON H)E/ROS E)/LEGEN EI)=NAI XEU=MA KAI\ R(EU=MA: KINOU/MENON ME\N AU)TO\ POIEI=N TOU\S A)NE/MOUS, H)REMOU=N DE\ TO\ U(/DWR. O(/PER A)PI/QANON: OU)DE\ GA\R E)K MIA=S U(/DWR U(/LHS KAI\ A)/NEMOI GI/NONTAI: TW=N ME\N GA\R H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS U(/LH, TW=N DE\ H( A)TMIDW/DHS. {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ TW=N SOFW=S BOULOME/NWN LE/GEIN TINE\S E(/NA FASI\N EI)=NAI A)/NEMON PA/NTAS TOU\S A)NE/MOUS.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON PRO/BLHMA, O(/TI TINE\S DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI MI/AN TH\N U(/LHN TW=N @1 A)NE/MWN E(/NA FASI\N A)/NEMON KAKW=S LE/GONTES: OU) GA\R TH=| AU)TH=| U(/LH|, A)LLA\ TW=| EI)/DEI TA\ PRA/GMATA KRI/NONTAI. {1<20*(/ENA KAI\ TO\N AU)TO\N EI)=NAI PA/NTA.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI TO\ PNEU=MA, EI) OU)=N E)STIN O( A)H\R E(\N KAI\ TO\ PNEU=MA. {1<20*DOKEI= DE\ DIAFE/REIN OU)DE\N DIAFE/RONTA PARA\ TOU\S TO/POUS.>20}1 @*(H E)/NSTASIS, O(/TI OI)/ONTAI E(/NA EI)=NAI TO\N A)/NEMON MHDEMI/AN O(/LWS DIAFORA\N TW=N A)NE/MWN DIA\ TO\ DIA/FORON TOU= TO/POU LE/GONTES, KAI\ TAU=TA EI)/DOUS O)/NTOS DIAFO/ROU TW=N A)NE/MWN, W(/SPER KAI\ TW=N POTAMW=N OI( DIA/FOROI TO/POI EI)=DOS U(PA/RXOUSIN: OU) GA\R DEI= TW=| KOINW=| TH=S U(/LHS MHDE\N DIAFE/REIN TOU\S TO/POUS A)EI\ U(POLAMBA/NEIN. {1<20*DIO\ BE/LTION OI( POLLOI\ LE/GOUSIN A)/NEU ZHTH/SEWS TW=N META\ ZHTH/SEWS.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STIN OI( TAI=S KOINAI=S E)NNOI/AIS E(PO/MENOI BE/LTION LE/GOUSIN: OI( GA\R ZHTOU=NTE/S TI PRO\S TW=| MHDE\N XRHSTO\N LE/GEIN A)NATRE/POUSI KAI\ TA\ PARA\ TAI=S KOINAI=S E)NNOI/AIS O)RQW=S DIAKEI/MENA. {1<20*EI) ME\N GA\R E)K MIA=S A)RXH=S A(/PANTES R(E/OUSI, KA)KEI= TA\ PNEU/MATA TO\N AU)TO\N TRO/PON, TA/XA LE/GOIEN A)/N TI OI( LE/GONTES OU(/TWS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN E)PI\ TO\ TRI/TON ME/TEISI ZH/THMA, ZHTW=N EI) MI/A E)STI\N H( U(/LH E)NERGEI/A| TW=N A)NE/MWN KAI\ TW=N U(DA/TWN. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI EI) TW=N POTAMW=N MI/A H( U(/LH E)STI/N, I)/SWS A)\N KAI\ TW=N A)NE/MWN E)STI\N H( U(/LH. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ POTAMW=N E)MNH/SQH, TRE/PETAI E)PI\ TO\N AU)TW=N LO/GON KAI\ MAKRA\N PLA/NHN PLANA=TAI. {1<20*TI/ T' E)STI\N A)/NEMOS KAI\ GEGE/NHTAI PW=S, KAI\ TI/ TO\ KI-NOU=N, KAI\ H( A)RXH\ PO/QEN AU)TW=N, KAI\ PO/TERON W(/SPER E)C A)GGEI/OU DEI= LABEI=N R(E/ONTA TO\N A)/NEMON>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @<20*TI/>20 ME/N <20E)STIN A)/NEMOS,>20 O(/TI KI/NHSIS TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS KAI\ OU) TOU= A)E/ROS: KAI\ <20PW=S GI/NETAI,>20 O(/TI TH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS TAU/THS E)KDI- @1DOME/NHS KAI\ MH\ E)KPUROUME/NHS: KAI\ <20TI/ TO\ KINOU=N>20 AU)TOU\S LOCH\N KI/NHSIN, O(/TI OU) TO\ GEW=DES KAI\ TO\ PURW=DES TH\N E)NANTI/AN KINOU/MENA KI/NHSIN, W(S *)EMPE-DOKLH=S W)/|ETO, A)LL' O( KU/KLW| KINOU/MENOS A)H/R: KAI\ <20PO/QEN AU)TW=N H( A)RXH/,>20 O(/TI OU)K A)PO\ TH=S GH=S, A)LL' A)/NWQEN A)PO\ TOU= A)E/ROS. E)/TI DE\ PRO\S TOU/TOIS, EI) E)NERGEI/A| E)STI\N H( U(/LH AU)TW=N, KATA\ TO\N POIHTH\N W(S E)N A)SKW=|, H)\ OU) TOU=TO, A)LL' E)K DIAFO/RWN TO/PWN PNE/OUSI MH\ E)N E(NI\ TO/PW| TH=S U(/LHS SWREUOME/NHS MHDE\ E)NERGEI/A| OU)/SHS, A)LLA\ DUNA/MEI KAI\ LOIPO\N EI)S TO\ E)NERGEI/A| A)GOME/NHS. {1<20*(OMOI/WS DE\ KAI\ PERI\ TH=S TW=N POTAMW=N GENE/SEWS DOKEI= TISIN E)/XEIN.>20}1 @*KAI\ GA\R KAI\ TH\N TOU/TWN U(/LHN E)NERGEI/A| NOMI/ZOUSIN EI)=NAI E)N TH=| GH=| SWREUQEI=SAN, O(/PER OU)K A)LHQE/S FHSI: KAI\ LOIPO\N EI)S TO\N PERI\ POTAMW=N EI)SBA/LLEI LO/GON. {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ MEI/ZOUS A)EI\ TOU= XEIMW=NOS R(EI=N H)\ TOU= QE/ROUS.>20}1 @*DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN; E)PEIDH\ E(/KASTON PRO\S TH=| OI)KEI/A| A)RXH=| DRASTIKW/TERO/N E)STIN. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N TO\ SUNAXQE\N A)/RXETAI E)KDI/DOSQAI E)N XEIMW=NI, DIA\ TOU=TO POLLOU= O)/NTOS TOU= E)KDIDOME/NOU KAI\ OI( POTAMOI\ MEI/ZONES. EI)SI\ DE\ OI( ME\N A)E/NAOI, OI( DE\ XEI/MARROI PRO\S TH\N PHGH/N, E)C H(=S E)KFU/ONTAI. EI) GA\R PLE/ON EI)/H TO\ E)CAGO/MENON TOU= E)PIFEROME/NOU, XEI/MARROI, EI) DE\ I)/SON H)\ PLE/ON, A)E/NAOI. DIHGEI=TAI DE\ KAI\ PERI\ TOU= *NEI/LOU, DIA\ TI/ AU)/CETAI QE/ROUS. {1<20*KAI/TOI FANERO/N, EI)/ TIS BOU/LETAI POIH=SAI OI(=ON U(PO-DOXH\N PRO\ O)MMA/TWN.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN LOIPO\N E)NI/STATAI PRO\S TH\N DO/CAN TH\N LE/GOUSAN E)NERGEI/A| TO\ U(/DWR EI)=NAI SWREUQE\N E)N TH=| GH=| KAI\ E)K TOU/TOU R(EI=N TOU\S POTAMOU/S. KAI/ FHSI TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ E)K TH=S A)NALOGI/AS TOU= E)KRE/ONTOS PRO\S TH\N GH=N OU(/TWS: EI)/ TIS NOH/SEI TH=| FANTASI/A|, PO/SON E)STI\N TO\ E)KRE/ON U(/DWR, EU(-RH/SEI AU)TO\ U(PE\R TH\N A)NALOGI/AN O)\N TH=S GH=S. <20PRO\ O)MMA/TWN>20 GA\R E)KA/LESE 戛TH\N FANTASI/AN, DIO/TI POLLH\N SUGGE/NEIAN E)/XEI H( O)/YIS PRO\S TH\N FANTASI/AN, O(/QEN KAI\ E)K TW=N U(POKEIME/NWN TH=| O)/YEI E)KLH/QH. POLLH\N DE\ SUGGE/NEIAN E)/XEI DIA\ TO\ TH\N FANTASI/AN PERI\ A)PO/NTA E)NERGEI=N, H( ME/NTOI O)/YIS PERI\ TA\ PO/RRW O)/NTA. 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O( DE\ *NEI=LOS R(EI= A)PO\ TW=N *)ARGURE/WN O)RW=N. *)ARGU/REA DE\ O)/RH KALOU=NTAI DIA\ TO\ E)/XEIN ME/TALLON A)RGUROU=N: W(/SPER OU)=N *XRUSORRO/AS LE/GETAI POTAMO\S DIA\ TO\ YH/GMATA XRUSOU= KATAFE/REIN, OU(/TWS I)/SWS KAI\ O( *NEI=LOS DIA\ TO\ KATA-FE/REIN A)RGU/ROU YH/GMATA LE/GETAI A)PO\ TW=N *)ARGURE/WN O)RW=N R(EI=N. *PTOLE-MAI=OS DE/ FHSIN AU)TO\N R(EI=N A)PO\ TW=N *SELHNAI/WN O)RW=N KAI\ OU) DIAFWNEI= *)ARISTOTE/LEI: I)/SWS GA\R TA\ *)ARGU/REA O)/RH *SELHNAI=A KALOU=NTAI DIA\ TO\ TH=| SELH/NH| A)NAKEI=SQAI TO\N A)/RGURON H)\ DIA\ TO\ XRW=MA TH=S SELH/NHS LEUKO/N, OU) TO\ I)/DION [1TOU=TO GA\R A)NQRAKW=DES]1, A)LL' O(/PER DE/XETAI E)K TOU= H(LI/OU. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N R(E/OUSIN E)N TH=| *)ASI/A| KAI\ E)N TH=| *EU)RW/PH| KAI\ E)N TH=| *LIBU/H|. TA\ META\ TAU=TA DE\ E)PANATRE/XEI E)PI\ TH\N *EU)RW/PHN: E)KDIHGEI=TAI GA/R, PO/QEN R(E/-OUSIN OI( PERI\ TH\N *(ELLA/DA POTAMOI/, H( DE\ *(ELLA\S TH=S *EU)RW/PHS. TOU=TO DE\ POIEI= DEIKNU/WN, O(/TI H(MEI=S TH=S SAFHNEI/AS XA/RIN DIAIROU=MEN TH\N GH=N EI)S *)ASI/AN KAI\ *EU)RW/PHN KAI\ *LIBU/HN, E)PEI\ AU(/TH SFAIRIKH\ OU)=SA OU)DAMW=S DIAI-REI=TAI. OU(=TOI/ EI)SIN OI( POTAMOI/. KAI\ MEMAQH/KATE, O(/TI OI( ME/GISTOI A)PO\ @1 TW=N MEGI/STWN E)CE/RXONTAI. KAI\ EU)= GE LO/GOI, O(/TI E)PI\ QRO/NOU KAQH/MENOI E)N BRAXUTA/TW| PA=SAN TH\N OI)KOUME/NHN E)KPERIH/LQOMEN. E)F' OI(=S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, E)PEIDH\ DIA\ TESSA/RWN E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN E)/DEICE MH\ EI)=NAI E)NERGEI/A| TH\N U(/LHN TW=N POTAMW=N [1O(RW=MEN DE/, O(/TI KAI\ E)/STIN E)NERGEI/A|]1, E)PA/GEI LE/GWN, O(/TI OI)=DA, W(S E)/STIN E)NERGEI/A| SWREUQE\N U(/DWR. A)LL' OU) TOU=TO MO/NON U(/LH TW=N POTAMW=N, A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ KAQ' E(KA/STHN GINO/MENON, OU)DE\ TOU= U(ETOU= U(/LH MO/NON H( E)N TW=| QE/REI GENNHQEI=SA, A)LLA\ KAI\ H( KAQ' E(KA/STHN E)N AU)TW=| TW=| XEIMW=NI GINOME/NH. O(/TI DE\ E)/STIN E)NERGEI/A| TO\ U(/DWR, DEI/KNUSI E)K TW=N A)NAPO/SEWN TW=N POTAMW=N KAI\ E)K TW=N E)KFA/NSEWN KAI\ E)K TOU/TWN E)N ME/SW| TH=S QALA/TTHS U(/DWR GLUKU\ EU(RI/SKESQAI. TOU/TOU DE\ H)/DH TA\S AI)TI/AS EI)RH/KAMEN, PLH\N E)/STIN EI)PEI=N KAI\ E(TE/RAN AI)TI/AN TOU= EI)=NAI GLUKU\ U(/DWR E)N TH=| QALA/TTH|, TO\ R(EI=N POTAMOU\S PERI\ AU)TH/N. OU(/TWS O( E)PI\ *GA/ZAN PLOU=S E)/XEI U(/DWR GLUKU\ DIA\ TA\ STO/MIA TOU= *NEI/-LOU. PLH\N EI) KAI\ E)/STIN U(/DWR, A)LL' OU)=N OU)K E)N ME/SW| TH=S QALA/SSHS. A)LL' OU) PANTAXOU= U(PO\ QALA/SSHS KUKLOU=NTAI: TH=| GA\R R(U/MH| KAI\ TH=| O(RMH=| E)KBA/L-LWN O( POTAMO\S EI)S TH\N QA/LASSAN OI(ONEI\ R(U/AKA/ TINA POIEI=, O(\S A)/XRI TOU= POTAMOU= PERIE/XEI GLUKU\ U(/DWR. E)K PLAGI/WN OU)=N KAI\ KATA\ TO\ PE/RAS E)K QA-LA/TTHS PERIE/XETAI, OU) DH/POU DE\ KAI\ KATA\ TH\N A)RXH/N. O(/TI DE\ GI/NONTAI E)KFA/NSEIS KAI\ A)NAPO/SEIS, KAI\ O(/TI E)/STIN E)N ME/SW| TH=S QALA/SSHS U(/DWR, DEI/-KNUSIN E)K TH=S I(STORI/AS. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ TA\ R(EU/MATA TW=N POTAMW=N.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN KAI\ TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA. {1<20*(OMOI/WS DE\ KAI\ AI( KRH=NAI.>20}1 @*KRHNW=N KAI\ POTAMW=N TO\ A)PO\ GH=S E)/XEIN TH\N A)RXH\N DIA/FORON DIA\ TO\ POSO/N: O( ME\N GA\R POTAMO\S A)PO\ MEGA/LHS PHGH=S, H( DE\ KRH/NH A)PO\ MIKRA=S. KAI\ TA\ FRE/ATA DE\ A)PO\ TH=S GH=S E)/XOUSI TH\N A)RXH/N, A)LLA\ DIAFE/ROUSIN, O(/TI POU= ME\N E)PI\ TOU= FRE/ATOS A)PO\ TOU= BA/QOUS TH=S GH=S E)KDI/DOTAI TA\ U(/DATA, POU= DE\ E)PI\ PHGW=N KAI\ KRHNW=N A)PO\ TOU= E)PIPOLH=S. DIO\ POTAMOI\ ME\N KAI\ KRH=NAI R(EUSTA\ E)/XOUSI TA\ U(/DATA, TA\ DE\ FRE/ATA STA/SIMA: OU) GA\R E)KRE/OUSI: PLH\N EI) KAI\ STA/SIMA/ EI)SI TA\ FREATIAI=A U(/DATA, A)LL' OU)=N O(/MWS OU)X O(/MOIA TOI=S LIMNAI/OIS: E)KEI=NA GA\R U(PO/STASIN E)/XOUSI, TAU=TA DE\ OU)K E)/XOUSIN U(PO/-STASIN, DIO\ A)EI\ E)KDI/DOTAI U(/DWR E)K TW=N KA/TW TH=S GH=S. {1<20*)EN DE\ TOI=S PEDI/OIS A)/NEU POTAMW=N O)LI/GOI GI/NONTAI.>20}1 @*DIO/TI H( GH= AU(/TH OU) DE/XETAI POLU\ U(/DWR OU)/TE E)/XEI SH/RAGGAS. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ A)PO[2GAIOI=]2 W(S MH\ PETRW/DHS, W(S DE\ MH\ PA/NU YUXRA\ OU) GENNA=|. @1 PLH\N EI) KAI\ EU(RI/SKONTAI PHGAI/, A)LL' OU)=N MIKRO/TATAI/ EI)SIN AU(=TAI, OI(=AI/ EI)SIN AI( E)PI\ TW=N FREA/TWN. {1<20*TI/ GA\R DIAFE/REI KOI=LON KAI\ U(/PTION EI)=NAI;>20}1 @*)ANTIPI/PTONTOS LU/SIS. EI) KAI\ PERIFERH\S [2H)\]2 U(PTI/A E)STI/N, % A)LL' OU)=N TO\ DIA/FORON SXH=MA DIAFE/REI PRO\S TO\ DE/CASQAI SHRAGGW/DOUS O)/NTOS TOU= O)/ROUS. {1<20*KAI\ TH\N A)NIOU=SAN A)TMI/DA YU/XOUSI.>20}1 @%2%2%2 OU) MO/NON SUNA/GOUSI TO\ E)K TOU= XEIMW=NOS U(/DWR TA\ O)/RH, A)LLA\ KAI\ GENNW=SI DIA\ TH\N YU/CIN, W(/STE OU)K E)NERGEI/A| PA=SA H( U(/LH TW=N POTAMW=N. {1<20*DH=LON DE/ E)STI TOU=TO QEWME/NOIS H(MI=N TA\S TH=S GH=S PERI-O/DOUS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( I(STORI/A. PLH\N OI( TOI=S PERI\ *QEO/POMPON KAI\ TOI=S A)/LLOIS I(STORIOGRA/FOIS A)PHSXOLHME/NOI PRA/GMATA PARE/XOUSIN *)ARISTOTE/LEI, DIO/TI POLLA\ LE/GEI PAR' I(STORI/AN: PLH\N *)ARISTOTE/LHS OU)DENO\S TOU/TWN FRONTI/ZEI KATAFRONW=N TOU= PARADEI/GMATOS. <20PERIO/DOUS>20 DE\ LE/GEI <20TH=S GH=S>20 TA\ DIA/FORA AU)TH=S ME/RH. PERI/ODOI DE\ LE/GONTAI DIA\ TOU\S PERINOSTH/SANTAS KAI\ SUGGRAYA-ME/NOUS: SUNEGRA/YANTO GA\R TH\N TH=S GH=S QE/SIN W(S KAI\ TW=N POTAMW=N KAI\ TW=N LOIPW=N PA/NTWN TA\S DIAFORA\S TW=N ME\N AU)TO/PTAI GENOME/NOI, TW=N DE\ AU)TH/KOOI. {1<20*)EK TOU= KALOUME/NOU *PARNASOU=.>20}1 @*)HPO/RHTAI, DIA\ TI/ TOU=TO TO\ O)/ROS TH=S *)ASI/AS LE/GEI KAI\ DIA\ TI/ PRO\S TA\S XEIMERINA\S A)NATOLA/S, KAI\ LE/LUTAI E(KA/TERON. {1<20*(H E)/CWQEN QA/LATTA, H(=S TO\ PE/RAS OU) DH=LON TOI=S E)N-TAU=QA.>20}1 @*)/ECW QA/LATTAN TH\N *)ERUQRA\N DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)/XEIN PE/RAS. PLH\N NU=N ME/N FHSIN, O(/TI E)/N TINI/ E)STI TO/PW| I)SQMO\S SUNA/PTWN TA\S DU/O H)PEI/ROUS. @1 PLH\N EI) KAI\ E)/STIN, A)LL' OU)=N KAI\ AU)TO\S O( I)SQMO\S E)/XEI E)PIBEBLHME/NHN QA/-LASSAN. EI) KAI\ DIODEU/ETAI OU)=N, A)LL' OU)=N DIA\ QALA/TTHS DIA\ TO\ A)BAQE\S KAI\ E)PIPO/LAION. {1<20*TOU/TOU D' O( *TA/NAI+S A)POSXI/ZETAI.>20}1 @*TA/NAI/+N FHSI TO\N DIORI/ZONTA *EU)RW/PHN A)PO\ *)ASI/AS. PERI\ OU(= FHSI *DIONU/SIOS: @@*EU)RW/PHN D' *)ASI/HS *TA/NAI+S DIA\ ME/SSON O(RI/ZEI. {1<20*)EK DE\ TOU= *KAUKA/SOU.>20}1 @*(O *KAU/KASOS O)/ROS E)STI\ TH=S *EU)RW/PHS ME/GISTON KATA/ TE TO\ PLA/TOS KAI\ TO\ BA/QOS U(PA/RXON. {1<20*SHMEI=ON DE/, O(/TI O(RA=TAI A)PO\ TW=N KALOUME/NWN BAQE/WN KAI\ EI)S TH\N LI/MNHN EI)SPLEO/NTWN.>20}1 @*TO/POS E)STI\ PERI\ TO\N PO/NTON BAQU/TATOS, E)N W(=| ME/LLEI E)REI=N, O(/TI KAI\ GLUKU\ U(/DWR EU(RI/SKETAI. "3BA/QOS"3 DE\ KALEI=TAI, O(/TI OU)DEI\S H)DUNH/QH KATALA-BEI=N TO\ BA/QOS AU)TOU=. PLH\N E)MOI\ DOKEI= MH\ KATALHFQH=NAI TO\ BA/QOS OU) DIA\ TO\ A)/PEIRON AU)TO\ EI)=NAI, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ A)NADI/DOTAI E)KEI= GLUKU\ U(/DWR, W(S EI)/RHTAI. TOU=TO DE\ META\ POLLOU= PNEU/MATOS A)NAFE/RETAI KAI\ OU) SUGXWREI= TA\ BA/RH KATENEXQH=NAI: % A)NWXOU=NTAI GA\R U(PO\ TH=S TOU= PNEU/MATOS BIAI/AS FORA=S. PERISKORPI/ZONTAI OU)=N E)N TW=| PLA/TEI TA\ E)CAPTO/MENA SXOINI/A TOU= BA/ROUS, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ POLLW=N KAI\ MEGI/STWN SXOINI/WN E)MBALLOME/NWN OU) KATALAM-BA/NETAI TO\ BA/QOS. H)\ OU)=N TOU=TO, H)\ EI)PE\ KAI\ A)/LLO. KATALHFQH=NAI NOMI/-ZOUSIN OI( PERI\ TAU=TA A)PHSXOLHME/NOI TH\N GH=N E)K TOU= E)N TAI=S BOLI/SI TAI=S PAR' AU)TOI=S BALLOME/NAIS YA/MMON A)NA/GESQAI, E)C H(=S KAI\ TOU\S DIAFO/ROUS TO/-POUS E)N PELA/GESIN O)/NTES KATALAMBA/NOUSI. TAU/THN OU)=N OU)K E)NDE/XETAI TH\N YA/MMON A)NENEXQH=NAI DIA\ TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI U(POSTA/QMHN TOU= U(/DATOS, A)LL' W(/SPER E)PI\ FRE/ATOS A)NABRU/EIN TO\ U(/DWR, H)\ EI) KAI\ A)NAFE/RETAI, PERISKORPI/ZETAI DIA\ TH\N KI/NHSIN TOU= U(/DATOS POLUEIDH= U(PA/RXOUSAN. {1<20*PERI\ OU)=N TOU= MEGE/QOUS LI/AN EI)SI\N OI( LEGO/MENOI MUQW/DEIS.>20}1 @*)/APISTON GA\R ME/GEQOS PERI\ AU)TO/ FASI KAI\ O(/MOION TOI=S U(PE\R *QOU/LHN A)PI/STOIS. U(PE\R *QOU/LHN D' EI)SI\N A)/PISTA TA\ PA/NU DIEYEUSME/NA: LE/GONTAI DE\ OU(/TW, DIO/TI KAI\ TA\ PERI\ TH=S NH/SOU TAU/THS LEGO/MENA MUQW/DH EI)SI/. @1 {1<20*KAI\ TOU= *NEI/LOU TO\ R(EU=MA PRW=TON E)K TOU= *)ARGURE/OU KALOUME/NOU O)/ROUS.>20}1 @*(O ME\N OU)=N *)ARISTOTE/LHS, W(/SPER KAI\ O( *PTOLEMAI=OS, FHSI\ PHGA\S E)/XEIN TO\N *NEI=LON: *(HRODO/TW| DE\ MA=LLON PISTEUTE/ON E)NTEU=QEN LE/GONTI E)K TH=S A)NT-OIKOUME/NHS E)/XEIN TH\N A)RXH\N AU)TO/N: DIO\ KAI\ QE/ROUS PLHMMUREI=, O(/TE E)KEI=SE XEIMW/N. O(/TI GA\R OU)K A)PO\ PHGH=S R(EI=, PRO/DHLON: TH\N GA\R *MERO/HN FASI\ NH=SON EI)=NAI KUKLOUME/NHN U(PO\ TOU= *NEI/LOU, TA\ DE\ META\ TH\N *MERO/HN A)OI/KHTA/ E)STI: TO\ GA\R PRW=TON KLI/MA MET' AU)TO\ LOIPO\N H( A)NTOIKOUME/NH. {1<20*(O ME\N *)AXELW=|OS E)K *PI/NDOU.>20}1 @*PI/NDOS O)/ROS E)STI\ *PELOPONNH/SOU. {1<20*)EK TOU= *SKO/MBROU.>20}1 @*)/OROS TOU=TO *QRA|KIKO/N, W(/SPER OU)=N KAI\ *(HRO/DOTOS AU)TO\S ME/MNHTAI. {1<20*)EPEI\ KAI\ O(/SOI AU)TW=N E)C E(LW=N, TA\ E(/LH U(PO\ O)/RH KEI=SQAI SUMBAI/NEI.>20}1 @*)ANTIPI/PTONTOS LU/SIS. W(/S TINOS GA\R E)RWTW=NTOS: "3KAI\ MH\N E)N TOI=S E(/LESIN O(RW=MEN POTAMOU/S"3 E)PA/GEI TH\N LU/SIN, O(/TI PA/NTWS E)PA/NW TOU= E(/LOUS TOU/TOU O)/RH EI)SI/N, E)C W(=N A)POSTA/ZEI H( U(GRO/THS. PA/NTES OU)=N OI( POTAMOI\ A)PO\ O)/ROUS R(E/OUSIN. {1<20*(/OTI ME\N OU)=N OU) DEI= NOMI/ZEIN OU(/TW GI/NESQAI TA\S A)RXA\S TW=N POTAMW=N.>20}1 @*TO\ SUMPE/RASMA. {1<20*OU) MH\N A)LLA\ KAI\ TOIOU/TOUS TO/POUS E)/XONTAS PLH=QOS U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN E)PI\ TO\ TELEUTAI=ON ME/TEISI LE/GWN, O(/TI OI)=DA KA)GW/, W(S E)/STIN E)NERGEI/A| TW=N POTAMW=N H( U(/LH, A)LL' OU) MO/NH. A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ KAQ' E(KA/STHN E)K TH=S GH=S GENNW/MENON U(/DWR %2 OI(=ON LI/MNAS OU)DE\N A)/TOPON, PLH\N OU) THLIKAU/- @1THN, W(/STE E)C AU)TW=N E)KREI=N O(/LON TO\ U(/DWR. W(/SPER GA\R TA\S FANERA\S PHGA\S EI)/ TIS U(PONOH/SEI MO/NAS EI)=NAI TA\S XORHGOU/SAS TOI=S POTAMOI=S, DIASFA/LLETAI [1OU) GA\R AU)/TARKES TO\ U(/DWR]1, OU(/TWS OU)DE\ E)A\N LI/MNAS U(PO/QHTAI, OU)DE\N H(=TTON DIAMARTA/NEI: OU) GA\R TOSOU=TON DU/NATAI H( GH= PA=SA XWRH=SAI, O(/SON KAI\ E)KREI=. {1<20*PERI\ TH\N *)ARKADI/AN.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ H( *PELOPO/NNHSOS EI)S PE/NTE DIH/|RHTAI, *)ARKADI/AN, *MESSH/NHN, *)/HLIDA, *)/ARGOS KAI\ *LAKEDAI/MONA, DIA\ TOU=TO EI)=PE <20PERI\ TH\N *)ARKADI/AN TH=S *PELOPONNH/SOU.>20 SUMBAI/NEI OU)=N E)N AU)TH=| A)NAPOQH=NAI POTAMO\N KAI\ E)N A)/LLW| TO/PW| E)KFANH=NAI: A)NEPO/QH DE/, E)PEIDH\ O)/ROUS PARAKEIME/NOU MH\ E)/XWN DIE/CODON, A)LLA\ KAI\ BIAZO/MENOS E)K TOU= E)PIFEROME/NOU U(/DATOS DI/ODON AU(TW=| E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW E)POIH/SATO. {1<20*)/ALLHN GA\R PERI\ TO\N *KAU/KASON LI/MNHN KALOU=SIN OI(/AN KAI\ QA/LATTAN.>20}1 @*PERI\ TH=S *MAIW/TIDOS LI/MNHS LE/GEI, O(/TI AU)TH\ A)NEPO/QH KAI\ H( E)/KFANSIS AU)TH=S GE/GONE PERI\ TO\N *PO/NTON, W(S E)KEI=QEN GLUKU\ U(/DWR A)NABRU/ESQAI, EI)S OU(\S TO/POUS H( E)/KFANSIS GE/GONEN E)N TH=| QALA/TTH|. ZHTH=SAI DE\ A)/CION, TI/ DH/-POTE <20QA/LASSAN>20 AU)TH\N E)KA/LESE. KAI/ FAMEN: H)\ DIA\ TO\ ME/GEQOS [1OU(/TW GA\R KAI\ TH\N QA/LASSAN "3LI/MNHN"3 E)KA/LESEN O( POIHTH\S DIA\ TO\ PLA/TOS, EI)RHKW/S: @@*)HE/LIOS D' A)NO/ROUSE LIPW\N PERIKALLE/A LI/MNHN]1 H)\ DIO/TI STA/SIMO/N E)STI TO\ LIMNAI=ON U(/DWR. TOIAU/TH DE\ KAI\ H( QA/LASSA: EI) GA\R O(LO/THS E)STI/N, AI( DE\ O(LO/THTES A)I/DIOI KATA\ *)ARISTOTE/LHN, MO/NIMO/S E)STI KAI\ STA/SIMOS H( QA/LASSA. H)\ DIA\ TOU=TO H)\ EI)PEI=N, O(/TI PA/LAI QA/LATTA H)=N E)KEI=: A)LL' EI)SBA/LLONTES OI( POTAMOI\ KAI\ POLLH\N U(/LHN E)PIFERO/MENOI A)PEGAI/-WSAN ME/ROS TH=S QALA/SSHS KAI\ H)IO/NA E)POI/HSAN. O(/QEN KAI\ H)I+W\N LE/GETAI PARA\ TO\ PLEONA/ZEIN E)N AU)TH=| TH\N GH=N. GENOME/NHS OU)=N TH=S H)I+O/NOS TO\ E)G-KATALEIFQE\N A(LMURO\N U(/DWR E)CEGLUKA/NQH KAI\ E)POI/HSE TH\N LI/MNHN: I)/SWS OU)=N PA/LAI H)=N QA/LATTA KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO "3QA/LATTAN"3 AU)TH\N KALOU=SIN. E)/STI ME\N OU)=N OU(=TOS O( TRO/POS EI(=S GENE/SEWS LI/MNHS: E)/STI DE\ KAI\ E(/TEROS, H(NI/KA EI)S-BA/LLWN POTAMO\S EI)S GH=N, H)\N MH\ EU(RI/SKH| DIE/CODON, EI)S PLA/TOS E)CAPLWQH=| KAI\ E)CORU/TTWN TH\N GH=N POIH/SH| BA/QOS. PLH\N O( ME\N PRW=TOS, E)F' O(\N PARA/-KEITAI QA/LASSA, A(RMO/ZEI: O( DE\ DEU/TEROS E)PI\ TOI=S O)REINOI=S TO/POIS, OU) TOI=S E)N LI/MNAIS. @1 {1<20*TAU=TA GA/R E)STIN A)/PEIRO/N TI TH=S QALA/TTHS BA/QOS.>20}1 @*EI)/RHTAI, O(/TI OU) KATA\ A)LH/QEIAN A)/PEIRO/N E)STIN, A)LL' A)PA/TH GI/NETAI, POI/A DE\ H( A)PA/TH GI/NETAI. {1<20*AU(/TH DE\ PO/RRW TH=S GH=S SXEDO\N PERI\ TRIAKO/SIA STA/DIA U(/DWR A)NADI/DWSI.>20}1 @*TRISSAXH=|, PERI\ STA/DIA TRIAKO/SIA. O( ME\N FILO/SOFOS EI)=PEN: A)PO\ TH=S *MAIW/TIDOS LI/MNHS A)RIQMOU/NTWN EI)SI\ TA\ STA/DIA, E)MOI\ DE\ DOKEI= A)PO\ TH=S PARA-KEIME/NHS GH=S TW=| *PO/NTW| A)RIQMH=SAI: A)PO\ GA\R TH=S *MAIW/TIDOS LI/MNHS EI)S TO\N *PO/NTON PA/NU POLU/ E)STI DIA/STHMA. {1<20*KAI\ PERI\ TH\N *LIGUSTIKH\N OU)K E)LA/TTWN TOU= *(RODANOU= KATAPI/NETAI POTAMO/S.>20}1 @*OU)X O(/TI *(RODANO/S, A)LL' O(/TI A)/LLOS I)/SOS AU)TW=| KATAPI/NETAI. OU(=TOS DE\ O( *(RODANO\S OU(/TWS E)STI\ ME/GISTOS, W(/STE KAI\ NAU=S E)N AU)TW=| PLEI=N, O(/PER E)/STI KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= *NEI/LOU. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*OU)K A)EI\ D' OI( AU)TOI\ TO/POI TH=S GH=S>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*TO\ PROKEI/MENO/N E)STI DEI=CAI, O(/TI METABA/LLEI TA\ ME/RH TH=S GH=S KATA\ TO\ CHRO/TERON KAI\ U(GRO/TERON, A)PO\ U(GROU= CHRO/TERA GINO/MENA KAI\ A)PO\ CHROU= U(GRAINO/MENA. TRITTH=S DE\ OU)/SHS TH=S U(GRO/THTOS, H)\ POTI/MOU H)\ A(LMURA=S H)\ E(LW/DOUS, DEI/KNUSI PA=SAN U(GRO/THTA EI)S CHRO/THTA METABA/LLOUSAN. O(/TI GA\R A)PO\ POTI/MOU U(GRO/THTOS METABA/LLEI H( GH= [2EI)S]2 CHRO/THTA KAI\ A)PO\ CHRO/THTOS EI)S U(GRO/THTA PO/TIMON, DHLOU=SIN AI( A)NAPO/SEIS KAI\ AI( E)KFA/NSEIS TOU= POTAMOU=. OI( GA\R TO/POI, E)N OI(=S A)NEPO/QH, PA/LAI U(GROI\ O)/NTES NU=N CHROI\ E)GE/NONTO: E)N OI(=S D' A)NEFA/NH TO/POIS, PA/LAI CHRO/THTOS OU)/SHS NU=N U(GRO/THS E)PLEO/NASEN. OU(/TW ME\N KATA\ TH\N PO/TIMON U(GRO/THTA. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ KATA\ TH\N A(LMURA/N: KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, DH=LON E)K TOU= KAI\ TH\N H)/PEIRON QALATTOU=SQAI KAI\ TH\N QA/LATTAN H)PEIROU=SQAI: H( GA\R METABOLH\ NU=N KATA\ CHRO/THTA KAI\ U(GRO/-THTA GE/GONEN, A)LLA\ U(GRO/THTA A(LMURA/N. SUMBAI/NEI DE\ TOU=TO TH\N QA/LATTAN H)PEIROU=SQAI KAI\ TH\N H)/PEIRON QALATTOU=SQAI DIA\ TO\N ME/GAN KALOU/MENON XEI-MW=NA KAI\ TO\ ME/GA QE/ROS. ME/GAS DE/ E)STIN O( XEIMW/N, H(NI/KA PA/NTES OI( PLA/NHTES E)N XEIMERINW=| ZW|DI/W| GE/NWNTAI, H)\ *(UDROXO/W| H)\ *)IXQU/SI: ME/GA DE/ @1 E)STI QE/ROS, O(/TAN PA/NTES E)N QERINW=| ZW|DI/W| GE/NWNTAI, H)\ *LE/ONTI H)\ *KARKI/NW|. W(/SPER GA\R O( H(/LIOS MO/NOS E)N *LE/ONTI ME\N GINO/MENOS POIEI= QE/ROS, E)N *AI)GO-KE/RWTI DE\ XEIMW=NA, KAI\ OU(/TW GI/NETAI O( E)NIAUTO\S OU(/TW KLHQEI\S DIA\ TO\ EI)S E(\N KAI\ TO\ AU)TO\ FE/REIN TO\N H(/LION: A)PO\ GA\R TOU= AU)TOU= EI)S TO\ AU)TO\ A)POKAQ-I/STATAI. % TI/ OU)=N E)STI DIA\ POLLOU= XRO/NOU PA/NTWN TW=N PLANH/TWN GINOME/NH TA/CIS, H(/TIS POIEI= TO\N ME/GAN E)NIAUTO/N; EI) GA\R PA/NTES OI( PLA/NHTES KATA\ KORUFH\N GINO/MENOI QERMAI/NOUSIN W(/SPER KAI\ O( H(/LIOS, A)FISTA/MENOI DE\ TOU/TOU YU/XOUSIN, OU)K A)PEIKO\S PA/NTAS KATA\ KORUFH\N GINOME/NOUS POIEI=N ME/GA QE/ROS, A)FISTAME/NOUS DE\ XEIMW=NA. E)N OU)=N TW=| MEGA/LW| XEIMW=NI H( H)/PEIROS QALAT-TOU=TAI, E)N DE\ TW=| MEGA/LW| QE/REI TOU)NANTI/ON DIA\ TO\ POU= ME\N E)/KKAUSIN KAI\ POLLH\N CHRO/THTA, POU= DE\ U(GRO/THTA. EI)PE\ DE\ KAI\ A)/LLHN AI)TI/AN TOU= TH\N QA/LATTAN H)PEIROU=SQAI KAI\ TH\N GH=N QALATTOU=SQAI. TOU/TOU AI)/TIOI/ EI)SIN OI( POTAMOI/: EI)SBA/LLONTES GA\R EI)S TH\N QA/LATTAN TW=| E)PIFE/REIN I)LU\N H)IO/NAS POI-OU=SI, KAI\ OU(/TWS A)POGAIOU=TAI O( TO/POS E)KEI=NOS, MH\ EI)SBA/LLONTES DE\ POIOU=SI [2TH\N]2 GH=N QALATTOU=SQAI: KAI\ GA\R TO\ U(/DWR TH=S QALA/TTHS FE/RESQAI E)PI\ %2%2%2 TH=S GH=S POIEI=. PLH\N OI( POTAMOI\ KAI\ EI)SBA/LLONTES KAI\ MH\ EI)SBA/LLONTES E(KA/TERON POIOU=SIN, A)LL' OU) KATA\ TO\N AU)TO\N TRO/PON. E)A\N GA\R TUXO\N EI)S-BA/LH| POTAMO\S PERI\ TO\ NO/TION ME/ROS, H)PEIROI= TH\N QA/LATTAN: A)LL' E)NTAU=QA H)PEIROUME/NH A)NA/GKH| W)QOUME/NH EI)S TH\N A)NTIPE/RAN H)/PEIRON XWREI=, KAI\ E)KEI/NH QALATTOU=TAI. OU(/TW ME/N, EI) EI)SBA/LLEI. EI) DE\ MH\ EI)SBA/LLEI, PALINOSTEI= TO\ U(/DWR PA/LIN E)PI\ TO\N OI)KEI=ON TO/PON: KAI\ H)PEIROU=TAI ME\N TO\ PA/LAI QALATTW-QE/N, QALATTOU=TAI DE\ TO\ PA/LAI H)PEIRWQE/N. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ QA/LATTA H)PEIROU=TAI KAI\ H)/PEIROS QALATTOU=TAI, PISTOU=TAI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)K TH=S *AI)GU/PTOU. PA/LAI GA\R AU(/TH QA/LASSA H)=N, KAI\ TOU= *NEI/LOU E)PIFE/RONTOS A)EI\ NE/AN I)LU/N [1DIA\ TOU=TO GA\R KAI\ *NEI=LOS E)KLH/QH]1, TH=S I)LU/OS E)PISWREUOME/NHS EI)S TA\ PLA/GIA ME/RH TOU= POTAMOU= KAI\ TH=S QALA/TTHS, TH=S KATA\ ME/ROS PROSQH/KHS GINOME/NHS H( QA/LATTA H)PEIROU=TO. KAI\ PA/LIN TOU= STOMI/OU XWROU=NTOS W(S E)PI\ TH\N QA/-LATTAN SUNE/BAINE TA\ PAR' E(KA/TERA, E)N OI(=S SUNH/GETO H( I)LU/S, H)PEIROU=SQAI, W(S PRO\S TA\ TUXO/NTA A)FESTW=TA TH=S QALA/TTHS NU=N ME/RH TH=S *AI)GU/PTOU H)PEIRW-QH=NAI. O(/QEN O( *(HRO/DOTOS TH\N *AI)/GUPTON DW=RON *NEI/LOU E)KA/LESEN, O( DE\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)/RGON AU)TH\N TOU= *NEI/LOU KALEI=. KAI\ A)/MEINON O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS H)/PER *(HRO/DOTOS E)KA/LESE, DIO/TI GEWRGIKW=| O)NO/MATI E)KA/LESEN: OI(ONEI\ GA\R EI)R-GA/SATO TH\N *AI)/GUPTON O( *NEI=LOS. PRE/PEI GA\R TH=| GEWRGI/A| TO\ E)/RGON, W(S DHLOI= TO\ *(HSIO/DOU SU/GGRAMMA TO\ E)PIGRAFE\N *)/ERGA KAI\ H(ME/RAI, DIA\ TO\ GEWRGIKA\ EI)=NAI TA\ DIDASKO/MENA, W(S DHLOI= KAI\ AU)TO\S O( POIHTH\S LE/GWN: %2%2%2 PLH\N OU)DE\ *(HRO/DOTOS A)PROSFO/RW| O)NO/MATI E)XRH/SATO, DIO/TI W(/SPER DWREA\N OI( *AI)-GU/PTIOI TO\ A)POGAIOU/MENON E)/XOUSIN. A)ME/LEI GOU=N KAI\ MA/XONTAI PERI\ AU)TOU=, W(S KAI\ FO/NOUS POIEI=N. DIO\ DH\ KAI\ E)PINENO/HTAI PAR' AU)TOI=S ME/TRON, O(/PER @1 A)/KAINON KALOU=SI PARA\ TO\ STE/RHSIN POIEI=N TOU= FO/NOU. "3KAI/NW"3 GA/R E)STI TO\ "3FONEU/W"3. O(/TI DE\ H( *AI)/GUPTOS QA/LATTA H)=N KAI\ H)PEIRW/QH, DEI/KNUSIN *)ARISTO-TE/LHS DIA\ TRIW=N E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, W(=N TO\ E(\N E)N E(TE/RA| QEWRI/A| FULA/COMEN. E)/STI DE\ TW=N DU/O TO\ E(\N TOIOU=TON: EI) TA\ STO/MIA TOU= *NEI/LOU PA/NTA PLH\N TOU= *KANW-PIKOU= XEIROPOI/HTA/ EI)SI DIA\ TO\ E)KREI=N TO\N POTAMO\N E)PINOHQE/NTA, DH=LON, O(/TI O( POTAMO\S H)=N A)POGAIW/SAS TH\N QA/LASSAN. O(/TI DE\ TO\ *KANWPIKO\N STO/MION OU)K E)/STI XEIROPOI/HTON, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ PLE/WN O( *MENE/LAOS KATH/NTHSEN E)KEI=SE: O(/QEN KAI\ *KANWPIKO\N E)KLH/QH DIA\ *KA/NWPON, TO\N KUBERNH/THN AU)TOU=. TOU=TO TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA, EI) O( POIHTH\S TW=N *QHBAI/WN ME/MNHTAI, OU) DH/POU DE\ TH=S *ME/MFIDOS. MA=LLON GA\R H)\ OU)/PW H)=N H( *ME/MFIS A)POGAIWQEI=SA H)\ OU) KAI\ POLU\S O( A)POGAIWQEI\S TO/POS. E)/DEI GA/R, EI)/PER H)=N H( *ME/MFIS, MNHMONEU=SAI AU)TH=S TO\N POIHTH/N: AU(/TH GA\R H)=N KAI\ H( BASILEU/-OUSA. KAI\ O(/TI AU(/TH E)BASI/LEUSE, DH=LON E)K TOU= TOU\S *)ALECANDREI=S TH\N TOU= *KUNO\S E)PITELEI=N E)PITOLH\N OU)X O(/TAN AU)TOI=S O( *KU/WN, A)LL' O(/TE TOI=S *MEMFI/-TAIS E)PITE/LLEI. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N DE/DEIKTAI, O(/TI KAI\ A)PO\ POTI/MOU GH=S CHRA\ GI/NETAI GH= KAI\ A)PO\ CHRA=S PO/TIMOS, E)/TI MH/N, O(/TI KAI\ TO\ A(LMURO\N U(GRO\N EI)S CHRO/THTA METABA/LLEI [2KAI\ CHRO/THS EI)S U(GRO/THTA]2. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ U(GRO/THS LIMNW/DHS EI)S CHRO/THTA METABA/LLEI KAI\ CHRO/THS EI)S U(GRO/THTA, DH=LON. TO\ GA\R *)/ARGOS PA/LAI E)PI\ TW=N *TRWIKW=N E(LW=DES H)=N: DIO\ KAI\ OU)DE\ W)|KEI=TO, A)LL' I(PPO/BOTON H)=N. AI( DE\ *MUKH=NAI EU)/KRATOI H)=SAN: DIO\ KAI\ POLU/XRUSOS KAI\ BASILEU/OUSA H)=N. NU=N DE\ TOU)NANTI/ON: TO\ ME\N *)/ARGOS EU)/KRATON, H( DE\ *MUKH/NH CHROTA/TH, W(/STE MHDE\ OI)KEI=SQAI SXEDO\N AU)TH/N, A)LL' EI)=NAI BOOSTA/SION. A)LLA\ ZHTH=SAI A)/CION, TI/ DH/POTE O( POIHTH\S "3POLUDI/YION"3 E)KA/LESE TO\ *)/ARGOS E(LW=DES O)\N TO/TE. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI POLUDI/YION OU) KATA\ TH\N A)/XRHSTON U(GRO/-THTA, A)LLA\ KATA\ TH\N XRHSTH/N. AU(=TAI ME\N OU)=N AI( METABOLAI\ GI/NONTAI, PLH\N LANQA/NOUSIN DIA\ TREI=S AI)TI/AS: H)\ GA\R DIA\ TO\ E)N POLLW=| XRO/NW| GI/NE-SQAI KATA\ TH\N H(METE/RAN ZWH\N TA\S TOIAU/TAS METABOLA\S OU) DUNA/MEQA AU)-TA\S GNW=NAI H)\ DIA\ TA\S A)QRO/AS TW=N E)QNW=N A)PWLEI/AS, AI(/TINES GI/NONTAI TRIXW=S, H)\ DIA\ PO/LEMON H)\ DIA\ LIMO\N H)\ DIA\ A)FORI/AN KARPW=N. TRI/TH AI)TI/A: KAI\ DIA\ TO\ TA\S KATA\ ME/ROS GINOME/NAS OI)KI/SEIS TE KAI\ METANASTA/SEIS H( A)/GNOIA TOU/-TWN E(/PETAI: SUMBAI/NEI GA\R TO\N AU)TO\N A)/NQRWPON TO\N PA/NTA XRO/NON AU)TOU= TH=S ZWH=S MH\ E)N E(NI\ TO/PW| % POIOU=NTA A)GNOEI=N TA\ E)N PA=SI TOI=S TO/POIS, E)N OI(=S W)/|KHSEN. AU(/TH E)STI\N H( E)CH/GHSIS PA/SHS TH=S LE/CEWS. PLH\N *)ARISTOTE/LHS OU) TH=| AU)TH=| TA/CEI KE/XRHTAI, H(=| KAI\ H( QEWRI/A E)XRH/SATO, KAI\ MH\ GE/NHTAI H(MI=N E)NTAU=QA A)PA/TH TIS. @1 {1<20*OU)K A)EI\ DE\ OI( AU)TOI\ TO/POI TH=S GH=S OU)/TE U(GROI/ EI)SIN OU)/TE CHROI/.>20}1 @*EI)/RHTAI, O(/TI METABA/LLEI H( GH= KATA\ TO\ CHRO\N KAI\ U(GRO/N, KAI\ O(/TI TO\ U(GRO\N H)\ PO/TIMON H)\ A(LMURO\N H)\ E(LW=DES. DIA\ TI/ DE\ A)/RA EI)S TOU=TO H)=LQEN; OU) MA/THN, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ PERI\ A)NAPO/SEWS KAI\ E)KFA/NSEWS PROSEXW=S EI)=PE, DIA\ TOU=TO ZHTEI= TH\N GINOME/NHN METABOLH/N: KAI\ GA\R E)PI\ E)KFA/NSEWS KAI\ A)NA-PO/SEWS METABOLH/ TIS GI/NETAI. {1<20*)ALLA\ METABA/LLOUSI KATA\ TA\S TW=N POTAMW=N GENE/SEIS KAI\ A)POLEI/YEIS.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ TO\ PRW=TON EI)=DOS TH=S METABOLH=S TH=S A)PO\ POTI/MOU U(GRO/THTOS EI)S CHRO/THTA GINOME/NHS, W(S E)PI\ E)KFA/NSEWS KAI\ A)NAPO/SEWS POTAMW=N. <20GE/NESIN>20 GA\R KALEI= TH\N E)/KFANSIN, <20A)PO/LEIYIN>20 DE\ TH\N A)NA/POSIN. {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ TA\ PERI\ TH\N H)/PEIRON METABA/LLEI KAI\ TH\N QA/LATTAN.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON EI)=DOS TH=S METABOLH=S TO\ KATA\ TH\N A(LMURA\N U(GRO/THTA METABA/LLEIN EI)S CHRO/THTA, W(S E)/XEI E)PI\ QALA/TTHS H)PEIROUME/NHS KAI\ H)PEI/ROU QALATTOUME/NHS. DIA\ DE\ TOU= EI)PEI=N <20DIO/>20 E)DH/LWSE KAI\ TH\N AI)TI/AN, DIA\ TH\N TW=N POTAMW=N GE/NESI/N TE KAI\ A)PO/LEIYIN. DIA\ TOU=TO ME\N QA/LATTA, W(S EI)/RH-TAI, H)PEIROU=TAI, H)/PEIROS DE\ QALATTOU=TAI. {1<20*KAI\ ME/NTOI TINA\ TA/CIN XRH\ NOMI/ZEIN TAU=TA GI/NESQAI.>20}1 @*DIA\ TOU/TOU E)NDEI/KNUTAI H(MI=N TH\N TOU= MEGA/LOU E)NIAUTOU= TA/CIN. O(/TAN OU)=N GE/NHTAI ME/GAS XEIMW/N, TO/TE H)/PEIROS QALATTOU=TAI, KAI\ O(/TAN DE\ ME/GA QE/ROS, TO/TE H( QA/LATTA H)PEIROU=TAI: O(/TAN GA\R XEIMW\N GE/NHTAI, PLEONECI/A E)STI\N U(DA/TWN, O(/TAN DE\ QE/ROS, SPA/NIS. {1<20*)ARXH\ DE\ TOU/TWN KAI\ AI)/TION>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*TH\N AI)TI/AN BOU/LETAI EI)PEI=N, DI' H(\N E)N TH=| TA/CEI TOU= MEGA/LOU E)NIAUTOU= SUMBAI/NEI QE/ROUS ME\N GINOME/NOU TH\N QA/LATTAN H)PEIROU=SQAI, XEIMW=NOS DE\ TOU)NANTI/ON: E)PEIDH/, FHSI/, TA\ ME/RH TH=S GH=S A)KMA/ZEI TE KAI\ FQI/NEI, KAQA/PER KAI\ TA\ E)/MYUXA. KAI\ A)KMA/ZEI ME\N DEXOME/NH U(GRO/THTA, FQI/NEI DE\ CHRAINO-ME/NH: U(GRAI/NETAI DE/, O(/TAN [H(] YU/CIS H)=|, TOUTE/STIN O(/TAN GE/NHTAI XEIMW/N, CH-RAI/NETAI DE/, O(/TAN H)=| QERMASI/A, TOUTE/STIN O(/TAN GE/NHTAI QE/ROS. E)NTEU=QEN, @1 EI) ME\N KATACHRANQH=|, MH\ E)/XOUSAI AI( PHGAI\ U(/DWR OU) PE/MPOUSI TOI=S POTA-MOI=S TOU=TO, KAI\ MH\ DEXOME/NWN, A)LLA\ CHRAINOME/NWN SUMBAI/NEI TOU\S ME\N TO/-POUS, OU(\S PA/LAI H)PEI/ROUN DIA\ TO\ E)PIFE/REIN I)LU/N, QALATTOU=SQAI EI)S TO\N OI)KEI=ON TO/PON TH=S QALA/TTHS FEROME/NHS: OU(\S DE\ PA/LAI DIA\ TH\N W)/QHSIN TOU= U(/DATOS E)QALA/TTOUN, NU=N A)NA/GKH H)PEIRWQH=NAI MH\ O)/NTOS TOU= E)KEI= E)CWQOU=NTOS TH\N QA/LASSAN. TAU=TA ME/N, EI) CHRANQH=| H( GH=: EI) DE\ A)KMA/ZEI, PLHMMUROU=SAI AI( PHGAI\ AU)/CONTAI OI( POTAMOI/. QA/LASSA DE/, E)N H(=| EI)SBA/LLOUSIN, H)PEI-ROU=TAI, H)/PEIROS DE/, E)N H(=| E)CWQEI=TAI H( QA/LASSA, QALATTOU=TAI. {1<20*PLH\N E)KEI/NOIS ME\N OU) KATA\ ME/ROS.>20}1 @*TO\ GA\R TOU= A)NQRW/POU, FE/RE EI)PE/, SW=MA O(/LON W(S O(/LON A)KMA/ZEI TE KAI\ FQI/NEI, H( DE\ GH= OU)X O(/LH, A)LLA\ KATA\ DIA/FORA ME/RH. TOU=TO DE\ GE/GONEN, I(/NA METACU\ TW=N PA/NTH| A)IDI/WN KAI\ TW=N PA/NTH| FQARTW=N EI)/H ME/SON TI MH/TE KAQ' O(/LON FQARTO/N, MH/TE KAQ' O(/LON A)/FQARTON. {1<20*DIA\ YU/CIN KAI\ QERMO/THTA.>20}1 @*OU) DIA\ TAU=TA DE\ MO/NON A(PLW=S E(/PETAI A)KMH\ KAI\ FQI/SIS, A)LLA\ KAI\ KATA\ CHRO/THTA KAI\ U(GRO/THTA, O(/QEN KAI\ OI( NEKROI\ "3A)LI/BANTES"3 W(S KATA/CHROI. {1<20*TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N AU)/CETAI KAI\ FQI/NEI W(S DIA\ TO\N H(/LION.>20}1 @*(O ME\N *)ARISTOTE/LHS: TA\ ME/RH TH=S GH=S, OI(=ON TUXO\N TA\ O)/RH, DIA\ TO\N H(/LION, FHSI/, KATACHRAINO/MENA KAI\ E)KKAIO/MENA SUMPI/PTEI: PLH\N OU)K E)/STIN I(KANO\S O( H(/LIOS MO/NOS TOU=TO POIH=SAI, A)LL' H( SU/NODOS PA/NTWN TW=N PLANH/TWN H)\ TUFW=NES KAI\ PRHSTH=RES KAI\ KERAUNOI/: TAU=TA GA\R I(KANA/ EI)SIN E)KFLE/CAI O)/RH KAI\ DIAFQEI=RAI. {1<20*)ALLA\ DIA\ TO\ GI/NESQAI PA=SAN TH\N FUSIKH\N GE/NESIN>20 KAI\ @TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*TA\S AI)TI/AS LE/GEI TH=S A)GNOI/AS TH=S METABOLH=S MH/PW TO\ A)/LLO ME\N EI)=DOS EI)RHKW\S TO\ KATA\ TH\N E(LW/DH U(GRO/THTA GINO/MENON. EI)SI\ DE\ TRI/A: H)\ GA\R DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI O)LI/GON H(MW=N TO\N XRO/NON H)\ PRO\S TH\N METABOLH\N KATA\ ME/ROS GINO-ME/NHN, H)\ DIA\ TA\S A)QRO/AS A)PWLEI/AS, H)\ DIA\ TA\S METOIKI/SEIS KAI\ METANA-STA/SEIS. @1 {1<20*TO\N AU)TO\N DE\ TRO/PON XRH\ NOMI/ZEIN KAI\ TOU\S KATOI-KISMOU\S LANQA/NEIN.>20}1 @*(/WSPER GA\R AI( METANASTA/SEIS KATA\ ME/ROS GI/NONTAI, OU(/TW KAI\ OI( KAT-OIKISMOI\ KATA\ ME/ROS GEGO/NASI. TOU=TO DE/, FHSI/, GI/NETAI DIA\ TO\ E)K LIMNWDW=N TO/PWN CHRA/N TE KAI\ EU)/KRATON GI/NESQAI TH\N XW/RAN, W(/SPER OU)=N KAI\ AI( METANASTA/SEIS DIA\ TO\ E)NANTI/ON. TOIOU=TON DE/, FHSI/, SUMBE/BHKE KAI\ PERI\ TH\N *AI)/GUPTON. PA/LAI GA\R QA/LATTA OU)=SA DIA\ TO\ E)PIFE/REIN TO\N *NEI=LON I)LU\N GEGO/NASIN H)IO/NES, W(S LOIPO\N E(/LH GENE/SQAI KAI\ LI/MNAS, W(S EI)/RHTAI KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S MIA=S *MAIW/TIDOS LI/MNHS: E)NTEU=QEN PA/LIN E)PIFEROME/NHS I)LU/OS LI/MNAI H)PEIRW/QHSAN. O(/TI DE\ *AI)/GUPTOS PA/LAI QA/LATTA H)=N KAI\ U(/STERON H)PEIRW/QH, DEI/KNUSIN E)/K TE TOU= XEIROPOI/HTA EI)=NAI TA\ STO/MIA KAI\ E)K TOU= TO\N POIHTH\N PALAIO\N O)/NTA MH\ MNHSQH=NAI *ME/MFIDOS, A(/TE DH\ MH/PW A)POGAIWQEI/SHS TAU/-THS TH=S PO/LEWS. DH=LON DE\ TOU=TO KAI\ E)K TOU= TW=N KOGXULI/WN KAI\ XELUNW=N E)KEI= EI)=NAI O)/STRAKA, O(/PER E)STI\N E)GKATALEI/MMATA TW=N O)STRAKODE/RMWN TW=N A)POMEINA/NTWN H)PEIRWQEI/SHS TH=S QALA/TTHS. KAI\ O( ME\N FILO/SOFOS OU(/TWS E)CHGH/SATO, O(/TI PA/LAI H( *AI)/GUPTOS QA/LASSA H)=N KAI\ H)PEIRW/QH, E)MOI\ DE\ MA=LLON DOKEI= E(LW/DEIS EI)=NAI TOU\S TO/POUS KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO A)OIKH/TOUS KAI\ TH=S I)LU/OS E)PIFEROME/NHS A)POGAIWQH=NAI KAI\ CHRANQH=NAI AU)TA/, OI(=O/N TI KAI\ PERI\ TO\ *)/ARGOS SUNE/BH, W(S ME/LLEI EI)PEI=N: KA)KEI=NO GA\R E(LW=DES O)\N NU=N OI)KEI=TAI. KAI\ TAU/TH| TH=| E)CHGH/SEI A(RMO/SEI TA\ E)PIXEIRH/MATA: DIA\ GA\R TOU=TO XEIRO-POI/HTA TA\ STO/MIA, E)PEIDH\ EI) KAI\ I)LU\N E)PE/FEREN O( *NEI=LOS, A)LL' OU)=N E)K TH=S POLLH=S U(GRO/THTOS KATAKLUZO/MENOI E)PENO/HSAN TA\ STO/MIA, I(/NA E)KRE/H| TO\ U(/DWR. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ O( POIHTH\S *QHBW=N ME/MNHTAI W(S PLOUSI/WN, *ME/MFIDOS D' OU) ME/MNHTAI, I)/SWS DIA\ TO\ KATALIMNAZOME/NHN AU)TH\N TO/TE MH\ OI)KEI=SQAI. EI) DE\ KAI\ EU(RI/SKONTAI O)/STRAKA KOGXULI/WN, A)LL' OU)=N OU)K A)NAGKAI=OS O( TOIOU=TOS LO/GOS TOU= PA/LAI AU)TH\N EI)=NAI QA/LASSAN: KAI\ E)N O)/RESI GA\R U(YHLOTA/TOIS A)P-E/XOUSI POLU\ TH=S QALA/SSHS EU(RI/SKONTAI, I)/SWS DIA\ TO\ SFODROTE/ROUS A)NE/MOUS METEWRI/ZONTAS AU)TA\ A)PO\ TW=N QALATTI/WN TO/PWN E)KRI/PTEIN E)KEI=. O(/TI DE\ MA=LLON H( DEUTE/RA E)CH/GHSIS A)LHQH/S, PRO/DHLON E)C AU)TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS. E)PA/CEI GA\R LE/GWN OU(/TWS: "3EI)S TA\ GINO/MENA CHRA\ E)C E(LWDW=N DE\ KAI\ U(GRW=N."3 KAI\ MH\N TAU/THN TH\N R(H=SI/N FHSIN: "3TOIOU=TO/N TI SUMBE/BHKE KAI\ PERI\ TH\N *AI)/GUPTON."3 DHLONO/TI O( LO/GOS E)STI\ PERI\ TH=S METABOLH=S TH=S A)PO\ E(LW/DOUS U(GRO/THTOS EI)S CHRO/THTA GINOME/NHS. {1<20*DIA\ DE\ TO\ KATA\ MIKRO\N CHRAINOME/NWN TW=N E(LW=N.>20}1 @*SHMEI/WSAI, O(/TI OU)K EI)=PE CHRAINOME/NHS TH=S QALA/SSHS, A)LLA\ TOU= E(LW/DOUS. @1 {1<20*FAI/NETAI DE\ OU)=N KAI\ STO/MATA PA/NTA, PLH\N E(NO\S TOU= *KANWBIKOU=.>20}1 @*TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA, DI' OU(= DEI/KNUSIN, O(/TI OU)K H)=N OI)KOUME/NH PA/LAI H( *AI)/GUPTOS. A)LL' O( ME\N FILO/SOFOS, W(S EI)RH/KAMEN, QA/LATTAN AU)TH\N E)/LEGEN EI)=NAI, H(MEI=S DE\ MA=LLON E(LW/DH TO/PON. {1<20*KAI\ TO\ A)RXAI=ON H( *AI)/GUPTOS *QH=BAI KALOU/MENAI.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA. {1<20*TOU=TO DE\ W(S E)OIKO\S SUMBAI/NEI: OI( GA\R KA/TW TO/POI TW=N A)/NW U(/STERON W)|KI/SQHSAN.>20}1 @*PA/LAI ME\N *QH=BAI H)=SAN, OU)/PW DE\ *ME/MFIS, E)PEIDH\ EI)KO\S H)=N TOU\S A)/NW TO/POUS TW=N KA/TW TAXU/TERON OI)KEI=SQAI: OU(=TOI GA\R PRW=TON A)POGAIOU=NTAI. A)LL' EI) ME\N QALA/TTHS U(POKEIME/NHS, E)/XEIS TH\N AI)TI/AN EI)RHME/NHN E)N TH=| QEW-RI/A|: EI) DE/, W(S H(MEI=S OI)O/MEQA, E(LW/DEIS H)=SAN OI( TO/POI, O(/PER KAI\ *)ARISTO-TE/LHS FHSI/, DIA\ TOU=TO OI( KATW/TEROI TO/POI U(/STERON W)|KI/SQHSAN E)KEI=, E)PEIDH\ W(S E)N KOI/LOIS KAI\ XQAMALOI=S TO/POIS AI( U(GRO/THTES SURRE/OUSAI LIMNA/ZEIN E)POI/OUN, A)LL' OU)K A)POGAIOU=SQAI. {1<20*METABA/LLEI DE\ TOU=TO KAI\ PA/LIN EU)QHNEI=.>20}1 @*POI=ON <20TOU=TO;>20 TO\ E(LW=DES KAI\ TO\ LIMNW=DES EI)S AU)TO\ KATH/NTHSEN, EI)RH-KW\S KAI\ "3DIA\ TO\ LIMNA/ZESQAI E)N TAI=S E)SXATIAI=S MA=LLON"3. TOU=TO OU)=N TO\ LIMNAZO/MENON XWRI/ON METABA/LLON POLLA/KIS EI)S EU)/KRATON EU)QHNEI=, OI(=O/N TI SUMBE/BHKE KAI\ PERI\ TO\ *)/ARGOS. {1<20*(/WSPER OU)=N E)PI\ TOU/TOU TOU= TO/POU SUMBE/BHKEN O)/NTWN MIKRW=N, TOU=TO DEI= NOMI/ZEIN KAI\ PERI\ MEGA/LOUS TO/POUS KAI\ XW/RAS O(/LAS.>20}1 @*(ORA=|S, O(/TI PERI\ TH=S *AI)GU/PTOU E)/LEGEN OU)X W(S QA/LASSAN A)POGAIW-QEI=SAN, A)LL' W(S E(LW/DOUS TO/POU. I)DOU\ GA/R FHSIN, O(/TI O(/SON E)PI\ *MUKHNW=N KAI\ *)/ARGOUS SUNE/BH, TOIOU=TON DEI= KAI\ E)PI\ O(/LHS NOMI/ZEIN XW/RAS % SUNE/BH. @1 PRO/DHLON OU)=N, O(/TI XA/RIN TOU= PISTW/SASQAI TA\ PERI\ TH=S *AI)GU/PTOU EI)RHME/NA *)/ARGOUS KAI\ *MUKH/NHS E)MNHMO/NEUSEN. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*OI( ME\N OU)=N BLE/PONTES E)PI\ MIKRO\N AI)/TION OI)/ONTAI.>20}1 @*EI)PW\N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, O(/TI METABA/LLOUSIN TA\ ME/RH TH=S GH=S KATA\ CH-RO/THTA KAI\ U(GRO/THTA KAI\ MA=LLON KATA\ CHRO/THTA H)/PER KATA\ U(GRO/THTA DIA\ TO\ GENE/SQAI TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHN META\ TO\N E)PI\ *DEUKALI/WNOS KATAKLUSMO/N, NU=N E)KKO/PTEI TH\N U(PO/NOIAN TW=N POLLW=N. I)/SWS GA\R A)/N TIS U(PE/LABE KATA\ ME/ROS TH=S GH=S E)PI\ TO\ CHRO/TERON METABALLOU/SHS TE/LOS KATALHFQH=NAI KAI\ FQARH=NAI PA=SAN TH\N GH=N KAI\ O(/LON TO\N KO/SMON DIA\ TOU=TO FQARTO\N EI)=NAI. OU) XRH\ OU)=N, FHSI/, DIA\ TH\N KATA\ ME/ROS TAU/THN GINOME/NHN METABOLH\N NOMI/ZEIN TO\N O(/LON KO/SMON FQARTO\N EI)=NAI. PRW=TON ME\N GA/R, EI) KAI/ TINA ME/RH KATA\ TA\ CHRA\ GI/NONTAI, A)LL' OU)=N E(/TERA U(GRAI/NONTAI. KAI\ MARTUREI= TOU=TO *)AMMW/NIOS O( ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS: E)/LEGE GA\R OU(=TOS E)PI\ PE/NTE STA/DIA TH\N GH=N QALATTW-QH=NAI PERI\ TO\ *(HRA/KLEION KAI\ TO\N *KA/NWPON, W(S DHLOU=SIN E)/TI E)N ME/SW| TH=S QALA/TTHS OI)KH/MATA O)/NTA KAI\ NH/SOUS MIMOU/MENA. E)/PEITA DE\ OU) XRH\ E)K TW=N MERIKW=N KAI\ PERI\ TW=N KAQO/LOU A)POFAI/NESQAI OU)DE\ E)K TW=N GINOME/NWN PERI\ TH\N GH=N KAI\ PERI\ TO\N OU)RANO\N SULLOGI/ZESQAI, PRO\S O(\N PARALAMBANO-ME/NH A)MEGE/QHS E)STI/N: SHMEI/OU GA\R LO/GON PRO\S AU)TO\N E)PE/XEI. KAI\ TI/ LE/GW PRO\S TO\N OU)RANO/N, O(/POU GE AU)TO\S O( H(/LIOS PODIAI=OS NOMIZO/MENOS DIA\ TO\ DIA/-STHMA TH=S GH=S E(KATONTAEBDOMHKONTAPLASI/WN E)DEI/XQH EI)=NAI. OU) XRH\ OU)=N E)K TH=S GH=S A)POFAI/NESQAI W(S FQARHSO/MENON TO\N KO/SMON, O(/POU GE E)N TH=| *META\ TA\ FUSIKA\ O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS EI)=PE PRO\S TOU\S E)FEKTIKOU\S A)POTEINO/MENOS, O(/TI OU) XRH\ A)KATALHYI/AN NOEI=N DIA\ TA\ E)N GENE/SEI KAI\ FQORA=| R(EUSTA/, TOU)NANTI/ON DE\ E)PISTH/MHN DIA\ TA\ OU)RA/NIA A)EI\ W(SAU/TWS E)/XONTA, W(S KAI\ A)PO\ POLLOU= XRO/NOU PROEIPEI=N TH\N ME/LLOUSAN GI/NESQAI E)/KLEIYIN. TOU=TO KAI\ NU=N DEI= LE/GEIN, O(/TI OU) DIA\ TH\N GH=N KATA\ ME/ROS E)PI\ TO\ CHRO/TERON METABA/LLOUSAN KAI\ O(/LOS O( KO/SMOS FQARH/SETAI KATA\ TO\N *(HRA/KLEITON EI)RHKO/TA TE/LOS TO\N KO/SMON KATA-FLEXQH=NAI, OU)DE\ PA/LIN DEI= U(PONOEI=N TO\ E)N TOI=S *AI)SWPEI/OIS MU/QOIS LEGO/-MENON. O( GA\R *AI)/SWPOS EI)SA/GEI TINA\ STRATIW/THN PRO/S TINA PORQME/A DIA-LEGO/MENON KAI\ LE/GONTA, O(/TI PA/LAI OU(=TOS O( TO/POS QA/LATTA H)=N: EI)=TA H( *XA/RUBDIS A)NARROIBDH/SASA E)POI/HSE TA\S A)KRWREI/AS TW=N O)RW=N: EI)=TA DI\S A)NAR-ROIBDH/SASA E)POI/HSE KAI\ TA\S NH/SOUS, W(S EI)/ GE TRI/TON A)NERROI/BDHSE, CHRAI/NEI PA/NTA TA\ W(=DE. KAI\ PERITTO\N H(MI=N E)STI TO\ E)PITH/DEUMA, OU) XRH\ TAU=TA E)N- @1NOEI=N: STRATIW/TH| GA\R QUMOUME/NW| OU)K A)PEIKO\S TAU=TA R(HQH=NAI, FILOSO/FW| DE\ MH\ QUMOUME/NW| KATA\ TOU= PANTO\S OU) QEMITO\N FQORA\N AU)TOU= MELETA=N. OU) XRH\ OU)=N DIA\ TH\N KATA\ ME/ROS E)PI\ TO\ CHRO/TERON METABOLH\N TOU= PANTO\S FQORA\N KATHGOREI=N, A)LL' AI)/TION DEI= TOU/TOU LE/GEIN TO\N ME/GAN XEIMW=NA EI)=NAI. META\ GA\R TOU=TON KATAKLUZOME/NHS TH=S GH=S LOIPO\N METABOLH/ TIS E)PI\ TO\ CH-RO/TERON GI/NETAI, E(/WS O(/TE GE/NHTAI TO\ ME/GA QE/ROS, O(/PER EI) KAI\ GE/NHTAI, OU) POIH/SEI PA/SHS TH=S GH=S FQORA/N. OU)DE\ GA\R OU)DE\ AU)TO\S O( KATAKLUSMO\S O( E)PI\ *DEUKALI/WNOS KOSMIKO\S E)GE/NETO: MA=LLON GA\R E)N TH=| *(ELLA/DI SUNE/BH. TO\N OU)=N ME/GAN XEIMW=NA AI)TIATE/ON TH=S METABOLH=S TAU/THS, W(/SPER OU)=N KAI\ % TOUTE/STI TOU\S ME\N A)ENA/OUS TW=N POTAMW=N, TOU\S DE\ OU)/. OU) GA\R A)PODEKTE/ON TOU\S AI)TIWME/NOUS TA\ U(PO\ GH=N XA/SMATA EI)=NAI TW=N A)ENA/WN POTAMW=N, A)LLA\ TO\N ME/GAN XEIMW=NA. O(PHNI/KA GA\R OU(=TOS E)GE/NETO, TA\ O)/RH W(S SHRAGGW/DH KAI\ LIQW/DH KAI\ YUXRA\ DECA/MENA FULA/TTOUSI TH\N U(GRO/THTA KAI\ E)PIXORH-GOU=SI TOI=S POTAMOI=S, A)/XRIS A)\N E)PIKATALA/BH| TO\ E)K TOU= U(ETOU= U(/DWR. PLH\N OU) MO/NON O(/PER E)DE/CANTO XORHGH/SOUSIN, A)LL' W(S KAI\ YUXRO/TERA KAI\ GENNH/-SOUSIN. AU(/TH E)STI\N H( AI)TI/A TOU= EI)=NAI/ TINAS TW=N POTAMW=N A)ENA/OUS. PLH\N TO\ A)E/NAON W(S PRO\S TO\N XRO/NON LE/GETAI, E)PEI\ KAI\ AU)TOI\ OI( NOMIZO/MENOI A)E/NAOI FQARH/SONTAI, EI)/ GE E)P' EU)QEI/AS KINOU=NTAI: PA=N GA\R TO\ E)P' EU)-QEI/AS KINOU/MENON FQARTO/N. O(/TI DE\ H( GH= METABA/LLEI A)PO\ U(GRO/THTOS EI)S CH-RO/THTA, PISTOU=TAI *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)K TH=S *AI)GU/PTOU, E)K TH=S *)AMMWNIAKH=S *LIBU/HS E)/K TE *MAIW/TIDOS LI/MNHS KAI\ E)K TOU= *BOSPO/ROU. E)K ME\N TH=S *AI)-GU/PTOU, O(/TI AU(/TH PA/LAI QA/LATTA H)=N: O( *NEI=LOS EI)SBA/LLWN EI)S AU)TH\N H)IO/NAS E)POI/HSE, KAI\ E)LIMNA/SQHSAN OI( TO/POI KAI\ TE/LOS A)PEGAIW/QHSAN. SHMEI=ON DE\ TOU/TOU ME/GISTON H( KOILO/THS TH=S GH=S: KOI/LH GA/R E)STIN H( *AI)/GUPTOS. KAI\ O(/TI KOI/LH E)STI/, DH=LON E)K TOU= *SE/SWSTRIN TO\N *PERSW=N BASILE/A PRW=TON, U(/STERON DE\ KAI\ *DAREI=ON QELH=SAI E)PISUNA/YAI TH\N *)ERUQRA\N QA/LASSAN TW=| *AI)GUPTIAKW=| PELA/GEI. PA/NU GA\R AU)TOI=S TOU=TO SUNEBA/LLETO TW=N E)PITHDEI/WN EI)SAGOME/NWN TE KAI\ E)KPEMPOME/NWN R(A|DI/WS TAI=S PO/LESI. PLH\N PROE/QENTO ME/N, OU)K E)POI/HSAN DE\ DIA\ TO\ MH\ KATAKLUSQH=NAI TH\N *AI)/GUPTON KOI/LHN OU)=SAN TH=S *)ERUQRA=S QALA/SSHS U(YHLOTE/RAS OU)/SHS. PLH\N O( TRI/TOS *PTOLE-MAI=OS, E)F' OU(= KAI\ *)ARXIMH/DHS E)GE/NETO, % TH=S TOU= H(LI/OU U(POQH/KHS DIW/RUXA E)POI/HSE, DI' H(=S DUNATO/N E)STI SUNA/PTESQAI TW=| *AI)GUPTIAKW=| PELA/GEI TH\N *)ERUQRA\N KAI\ MH\ KATAKLUSQH=NAI TH\N *AI)/GUPTON. A)LL' EI) KAI\ E)POI/HSE, PA/LIN E)PE/XWSE FOBHQEI\S TH\N A)PO\ TW=N *PERSW=N E)PIBOULH/N. OU(/TW ME\N A)PO\ TH=S *AI)GU/PTOU E)/DEICEN, O(/TI EI)S CHRO/THTA H( U(GRO/THS METABA/LLEI. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TOU=TO DEI/KNUSIN A)PO\ TH=S *)AMMWNIAKH=S *LIBU/HS: KAI\ AU(/TH GA\R QA/LATTA H)=N POTE, PLH\N A)PEGAIW/QH DIA\ TOU\S EI)SBA/LLONTAS E)KEI= POTAMOU/S, E)/NQEN KAI\ KOI/LH @1 E)STI/N. A)LLA\ MH\N TOU=TO DH=LON KAI\ A)PO\ TH=S *MAIW/TIDOS, LI/MNHS. AU(/TH GA\R PA/LAI QA/LATTA H)=N, EI)=TA H)IO/NOS GENOME/NHS DIA\ TOU\S EI)SBA/LLONTAS POTAMOU\S GE/GONE LI/MNH TO\ PRW=TON MEGA/LH, U(/STERON DE\ MIKRA\ GE/GONE DIA\ TO\ E)PA/GE-SQAI I)LU\N E)K TW=N POTAMW=N, TE/LOS DE\ KAI\ A)POGAIWQH=NAI ME/LLEI. O(/TI DE\ MIKRA\ KAI\ A)BAQH\S GE/GONE, DH=LON ME\N E)K TOU= PA/LAI MEGA/LA PLOI=A FE/RESQAI E)PI\ TAU/THS, U(/STERON DE\ MIKRA/. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)K TOU= *BOSPO/ROU TOU=TO DH=LON: PA/LAI GA\R PLA/TOS EI)=XEN H( QA/LASSA, KAI\ TW=N POTAMW=N KATA\ ME/ROS A)POGAIOU/NTWN GE/GONE STENO\S O( TO/POS, O(/QEN NU=N KAI\ *STENA\ KALOU=NTAI: TE/LOS DE\ KAI\ TELEI/WS ME/LLEI A)POGAIWQH=NAI. E)K TOU/TWN PA/NTWN DH=LON, O(/TI A)PO\ U(GRO/THTOS EI)S CHRO/THTA METABA/LLEI H( GH=. KAI\ E)N TOU/TOIS KATAPAU/-SOMEN TH/N TE PAROU=SAN QEWRI/AN TO/ TE PARO\N GRA/MMA. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ TOU/TWN TO\ ME\N A)LHQE/S, TO\ DE\ OU)K A)LHQE/S.>20}1 @*)ALHQE\S ME/N, O(/TI PLEI/ONES TO/POI CHRAI/NONTAI, OU)K A)LHQE\S DE/, O(/TI O(/LOS METABA/LLEI KO/SMOS E)PI\ FQORA\N E)PIGENO/MENOS W(S GENOME/NOU TOU= OU)RANOU=. "3OU)RANO\N"3 E)KA/LESE TO\N KO/SMON. OU(/TW KAI\ E)N TH=| *PERI\ OU)RANOU= PERI\ KO/SMOU DIALEGO/MENOS *PERI\ OU)RANOU= E)PE/GRAYEN. OU(/TW KAI\ *PLA/TWN FHSI/N: "3O( DH\ PA=S OU)RANO\S OU(=TOS H)\ KO/SMOS TW=| SUMME/TRW| O)NO/MATI XAI/REI KALOU/MENOS."3 {1<20*OU) MH\N A)LLA\ KAI\ TOU)NANTI/ON.>20}1 @*OU) GA\R MO/NOI CHROI\ TO/POI GI/NONTAI A)PO\ U(GROU=, A)LLA\ KAI\ TOU)NANTI/ON CHROI\ TO/POI U(GROI\ GI/NONTAI. OU) XRH\ GOU=N E)NNOEI=N, O(/TI POTE\ KATAFLEXQH/SE-TAI TO\ PA=N. {1<20*GELOI=ON GA\R DIA\ MAKRA\S KAI\ A)RAIA\S METABOLA\S KINEI=N TO\ PA=N.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI OU) XRH\ E)K TW=N GINOME/NWN PERI\ TH\N GH=N A)POFAI/NESQAI KAI\ PERI\ TOU= PANTO/S. {1<20*)ALLA\ PA/NTWN TOU/TWN AI)/TION U(POLHPTE/ON, O(/TI GI/NETAI DIA\ XRO/NOU EI(MARME/NOU>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*EI)PW/N, O(/TI OU) DEI= AI)TIA/SASQAI TH\N GINOME/NHN PERI\ TH\N GH=N METABOLH\N DHLWTIKH\N EI)=NAI TH=S FQORA=S TOU= PANTO/S, NU=N TH\N AI)TI/AN FHSI/, DIA\ TI/ E)PI\ TO\ CHRO/TERON GI/NETAI MA=LLON H( METABOLH/. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI PROSEXW=S GE/-GONEN O( ME/GAS XEIMW/N, O(\S KATE/KLUSE TH\N GH=N: KAI\ KATA\ ME/ROS LOIPO\N CH- @1RAI/NETAI H( GH=, E(/WS OU(= GE/NHTAI TO\ ME/GA QE/ROS, E)F' OU(= KATACHRANQH=NAI ME/LLEI H( GH=, PLH\N OU) PA=SA: W(/SPER GA\R O( ME/GAS XEIMW\N OU) PA=SAN TH\N GH=N KATE/KLUSEN, OU(/TWS OU)DE\ TO\ ME/GA QE/ROS PA=SAN TH\N GH=N E)KFLE/CEI. {1<20*OU(=TOS GA\R POLLAXH=| TO\ R(EU=MA METABE/BLHKE.>20}1 @*KAI\ GA\R A)NAPOQEI=SA [2KATA\]2 TREI=S TO/POUS A)NE/FU OU)K E)K DIASTH/MATOS TH\N A)NA/POSIN KAI\ TH\N E)/KFANSIN POIHSAME/NOUS. DIO\ KAI\ E)FU/LACE TO\ O)/NOMA: E(/KASTON GA\R ME/ROS *)AXELW/ION KALOU=SI. {1<20*TO/TE ME\N *GRAIKOI/, NU=N DE\ *(/ELLHNES.>20}1 @*TOU=TO TO\ O)/NOMA OI( ME\N *(RWMAI=OI PAROCU/NOUSI "3*GRAI/KOI"3 LE/GONTES, H( DE\ KOINH\ DIA/LEKTOS O)CU/NEI. KAQO/LOU DE\ OI( *(RWMAI=OI PA=N O)/NOMA PAROCU/NOUSI DIA\ TO\N KO/MPON, O(/QEN "3U(PERHNORE/ONTES"3 E)KLH/QHSAN U(PO\ TW=N POIHTW=N. {1<20*KAI\ W(/SPER NU=N TOU= TOU\S ME\N A)ENA/OUS EI)=NAI TW=N POTA-MW=N, TOU\S DE\ MH/, OI( ME/N FASIN E)NANTI/ON EI)=NAI TO\ ME/GEQOS TW=N U(PO\ GH=N XASMA/TWN>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*META\ TO\ EI)PEI=N TH\N AI)TI/AN, DIA\ TI/ A)PO\ U(GRO/THTOS EI)S CHRO/THTA MA=LLON GI/NETAI H( METABOLH/, BOU/LETAI EI)PEI=N KAI\ TH\N AI)TI/AN TOU= TOU\S ME\N TW=N POTAMW=N EI)=NAI A)ENA/OUS, TOU\S DE\ MH/. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI OU)X W(/S TINES DEI= U(PONOH=SAI TA\ U(PO\ GH=N XA/SMATA AI)/TIA EI)=NAI, A)LLA\ TO\N ME/GAN XEIMW=NA: TO/TE GA\R E)SWREU/QH H( U(GRO/THS E)N TOI=S O)/RESIN OI(=A DH\ OU)=SI SHRAGGW/DESI KAI\ PETRW/DESI KAI\ YUXROI=S. OU) MO/NON DE\ POLLH\ E)SWREU/QH, A)LLA\ KAI\ GEN-NA=TAI DIA\ TH\N YU/CIN, E)/NQEN E)PI\ POLU\N XRO/NON AU)TARKEI= A)E/NAOS W)\N O( POTA-MO/S. PLH\N TH=| AI)SQH/SEI DOKOU=SIN A)E/NAOI, E)PEI\ TW=| XRO/NW| A)POLEI/YOUSI KAI\ OU(=TOI. {1<20*)\H SOMFAI\ KAI\ LIQW/DEIS H)\ A)RGILW/DEIS, TOU/TOUS DE\ PRO-APOLEI/PEIN.>20}1 @<20*SOMFA\S>20 LE/GEI TA\S A)RAIA/S, <20LIQW/DEIS>20 DE\ %2%2%2 TA\S O)STRAKW/DEIS KAI\ KATACH/ROUS. TOU/TWN DE\ OU)DEMI/A GH= E)PITHDEI/A: H( ME\N GA\R SOMFH\ A)POGAIOI= TO\ U(/DWR, H( DE\ LIQW/DHS OU) DE/XETAI, H( DE\ O)STRAKW/DHS E)KPI/NEI. KAI\ MH/ TIS EI)/PH|: TI/ OU)=N TA\ O)/RH OU)K EI)RH/KAMEN, O(/TI A)RAIA/ EI)SIN; TI/ OU)=N LE/GOMEN; @1 O(/TI A)RAIA\ DIA\ TO\ SHRAGGW=DES, OU)X A(PLW=S A)RAIA\ KAT' OU)SI/AN, OI(=O/N E)STIN H( SOMFW/DHS GH=. {1<20*OI(=ON A)ENA/OUS POIEI=N TA\S U(GRO/THTAS TW=N POTAMW=N.>20}1 @*KALW=S TO\ <20OI(=ON.>20 W(S GA\R ME/LLEI EI)PEI=N PARAKATIW/N, KAI\ AU)TO\S O( *NEI=LOS OU)K E)/STIN A)E/NAOS: FQARH/SETAI GA\R TW=| XRO/NW|. {1<20*)EPEI\ DE\ A)NA/GKH GENE/SQAI TOU= O(/LOU TINA\ METABOLH/N, MH\ ME/NTOI GE/NESIN KAI\ FQORA/N.>20}1 @*TO\ SUMPE/RASMA. 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KAI\ GA\R TO\ TA/LANTON O(/POU DA)\N KATABARH/SH|, E)KTRE/PETAI, W(S SUMBAI/NEIN KAI\ EI)S TO\ E)NANTI/ON R(E/PEIN. {1<20*TOU=TO DE\ E)N ME\N POLLW=| PLH/QEI QALA/TTHS A)/DHLON.>20}1 @<20*TOU=TO>20 POI=ON; TOUTE/STI TO\ R(EI=N. E)N GA\R TW=| ME/SW| PELA/GEI OU) FAI/NE-TAI R(UTO\N U(PA/RXON TO\ U(/DWR TH=S QALA/TTHS DIA\ TO\ LANQA/NEIN TO\ O(/MOION [1O(MOI/A GA\R H( KI/NHSIS]1: PERI\ DE\ GH=N FANERO/N E)STIN: E)LE/GXETAI GA\R TO\ KI-NOU/MENON PARA\ TO\ ME/NON. {1<20*(H D' E)NTO\S *(HRAKLEI/WN STHLW=N A(/PASA KATA\ TH\N TH=S @GH=S KOILO/THTA R(EI= KAI\ KATA\ TO\ TW=N POTAMW=N PLH=QOS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN E)PILAMBA/NETAI TH=S MEI/ZONOS PROTA/SEWS TH=S LEGOU/SHS, O(/TI PA=N R(UTO\N PHGA\S E)/XEI: YEU=DOS GA\R TOU=TO. H( ME\N GA\R E)KTO\S *(HRAKLEI/WN STH- @1LW=N, FHSI/, QA/LATTA, TOUTE/STIN O( *)WKEANO/S, STA/SIMO/S E)STIN, H( D' E)NTO/S, TOUTE/STIN H( *KASPI/A, R(UTH/ E)STI: R(EI= GA\R A)PO\ TOU= U(YHLOTE/ROU TH=S GH=S EI)S TA\ KOI=LA, TOUTE/STIN A)PO\ TW=N A)RKTW/|WN EI)S TA\ NO/TIA. A)LLA\ KAI\ OI( POTAMOI\ PA/NTES EI)S TAU/THN R(E/OUSIN W(S EI)S KOILO/THTA: O(/QEN EI)S AU)TH\N R(E/-OUSI, KAI\ TA\S EI)SROA\S A)POGAIOU=NTES MA=LLON U(YHLO/TERON E)RGA/ZONTAI AU)TH=S TO\ PRO\S TO\ A)RKTW=|ON ME/ROS, W(S KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO MA=LLON R(EI=N AU)TH\N E)PI\ TA\ NO/TIA. I)DOU\ GA\R POLLOI\ ME\N POTAMOI\ EI)SBA/LLOUSIN EI)S TH\N *MAIW/TIDA LI/MNHN, O(/QEN KAI\ A)PEGAIW/QH. AU(/TH DE\ PA/LIN EI)SBA/LLEI EI)S TO\N *EU)/CEINON PO/NTON: OU(=TOS DE\ EI)S TO\N *AI)GAI=ON EI)SREI= W(S KOILO/TERON O)/NTA: KAI\ PA/LIN OU(=TOS EI)S TO\N *SIKELO/N, KAI\ OU(=TOS EI)S TO\N *SARDO/NION KAI\ EI)S TO\N *TURRHNIKO/N, OI(/TINES KOILO/TEROI PA/NTWN EI)SI/N. O(RA=|S, O(/TI R(UTH/ E)STIN H( QA/LASSA DIA\ TH\N QE/SIN, OU)XI\ DIA\ TA\S PHGA/S. A)LLA\ ZHTHTE/ON, PW=S TA\ A)RKTW=|A AU)TH=S ME/RH U(YHLO/TERA/ EI)SI. DIA\ TOU\S E)KEI=QEN EI)SBA/LLONTAS POTAMOU/S, KAI/TOI O( *NEI=LOS ME/GAS POTAMO\S A)PO\ TW=N NOTI/WN EI)SREI=: H)\ KAI\ O( *NEI=LOS A)PO\ TW=N A)RKTW/|WN R(EI=, A)PO\ GA\R TH=S A)NTOIKOUME/NHS. {1<20*TA\ DE\ E)/CW TW=N STHLW=N BRAXE/A ME\N DIA\ TO\N PHLO/N, @A)/PNOA DE/ [OU)K] E)STIN, W(S E)N KOI/LW| TH=S QALA/TTHS OU)/SHS.>20}1 @*PERI\ TOU= *)WKEANOU= NU=N LE/GEI, O(/TI OU)K E)/STI BAQU/S, A)LLA\ PRO\S TW=| MH\ EI)=NAI R(UTO\N AU)TOU= TO\ U(/DWR, A)LLA\ STA/SIMON, KAI\ BRA/XH TINA\ E)/XEI DIA\ TO\ TO\N PHLO/N, TOUTE/STI TH\N GH=N, E)N BA/QEI EI)=NAI TOU= U(/DATOS. O(/QEN KAI\ A)/PLOUS E)STI\ DIA\ TA\ BRA/XH. A)LLA\ MH\ TOU=TO NOMI/SH|S, O(/TI DIA\ TO\ U(YHLO\N EI)=NAI E)N E(AUTW=| TO\ U(/DWR H)/DH KAI\ U(YHLOTE/RA E)STI\N H( E)N AU)TW=| GH= TH=S OU)/SHS E)N TAI=S PAR' H(MI=N QALA/SSAIS [1PA/NTWN GA\R KOILOTA/TH E)STI\N H( GH= TOU= *)WKEANOU=]1, A)LLA\ DIA\ TO\ A)/PEIRA EI)=NAI TA\ PLA/TH AU)TOU= OU)K E)/STIN OU(/TW BAQU\S W(S AI( PAR' H(MI=N QA/LATTAI. KAI\ O(/TI KOILO/TERO/S E)STIN O( *)WKEANO\S TH=S PAR' H(MI=N QALA/TTHS, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ H( *)ERUQRA\ QA/LASSA EI)S AU)TO\N EI)SREI= W(S EI)S KOILO/TERON. {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TOU= TA\ PRO\S A)/RKTON EI)=NAI TH=S GH=S U(YHLA/.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ E)/LEGEN A)PO\ TW=N A)RKTW/|WN MERW=N R(EI=N TH\N KAQ' H(MA=S QA/-LATTAN E)PI\ TA\ NO/TIA, NU=N PISTOU=TAI H(MA=S E)/K TINOS I(STORI/AS, O(/TI U(YHLO/TERA/ EI)SI TA\ A)RKTW=|A TOU= NOTI/OU. FASI\ GA/R TINES OU(/TWS U(YHLA\ EI)=NAI TA\ A)RKTW=|A ME/RH, W(S MH\ GI/NESQAI E)KEI=SE TO\N H(/LION U(PO\ GH=N, A)LLA\ NU/KTA GI/NE-SQAI OU)X U(PO\ GH=N GINOME/NOU TOU= H(LI/OU, A)LLA\ TW=N U(YHLOTA/TWN O)RE/WN SKIA-ZO/NTWN AU)TOU= TO\ FW=S. YEU=DOS DE\ TOU=TO. EI) GA\R O(RA=TAI KA)KEI=SE E)KLEI/- @1POUSA H( SELH/NH MESOURANOU=SA, E)/KLEIYIS DE\ SELH/NHS E)N TW=| MESOURANH/MATI OU) GI/NETAI MH\ E)N TH=| DIAME/TRW| GEGONO/TOS TOU= H(LI/OU, DH=LON, O(/TI KA)KEI=SE U(PO\ GH=N O( H(/LIOS GINO/MENOS POIEI= TH\N NU/KTA KAI\ OU)K E)N TOI=S U(YHLOTA/TOIS O)/RESI. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TH=S GENE/SEWS AU)TH=S, EI) GE/GONE, KAI\ TOU= XUMOU= TI/S H( AI)TI/A TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS KAI\ TH=S PIKRO/THTOS, LEKTE/ON.>20}1 @*TRI/A TINA\ PROBLH/MATA PERI\ QALA/TTHS DEDWKW\S H(MI=N O( FILO/SOFOS TH=| PROTERAI/A|, E(\N ME\N TO\ ZHTH=SAI, EI)/TE SU/NQETO/S E)STIN H)\ A(PLH=, E(/TERON DE/, EI) GENHTH/ E)STIN H)\ A)GE/NHTOS KATA\ TH\N A(LUKO/THTA, KAI\ TRI/TON, TI/S H( AI)TI/A TH=S A(LUKO/THTOS, NU=N KAI\ E(/TERON PRO/BLHMA PERI\ QALA/TTHS E)KTI/QETAI, OU)X E(/TERON TE/TARTON O)\N PARA\ TA\ EI)RHME/NA. ZHTEI= GA/R, EI) O(LO/THS E)STI\N H( QA/-LASSA TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS, KAI\ TOU=TO KATASKEUA/ZEI DIA\ TESSA/RWN E)PIXEIRH-MA/TWN: TOU=TO DE\ U(PO\ TO\ E(\N TW=N EI)RHME/NWN A)NA/GETAI. EI) GA\R O(/LWS A)PO-DEIXQH=|, O(/TI O(LO/THS E)STI\N H( QA/LASSA, DH=LON, O(/TI KAI\ A(PLH= E)STI: PRE/PEI GA\R TAI=S O(LO/THSI TO\ A(PLA=S EI)=NAI. KAI\ O(/TI O(LO/THS E)STI\N H( QA/LASSA TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS, KATASKEUA/ZEI DIA\ TESSA/RWN E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, W(=N TO\ PRW=-TON TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: A)POKLHRWTIKO\S O( LO/GOS, W(/STE TA\ ME\N A)/LLA STOIXEI=A E)/XEIN O(LO/THTAS, EI)S A(\S E)FIE/MENA SPEU/DOUSI, MO/NON DE\ TO\ U(/DWR MH\ E)/XEIN O(LO/THTA. EI) DE\ E)/XEI O(LO/THTA KAI\ TO\ U(/DWR, ZHTHTE/ON, TI/S AU)TOU= H( O(LO/THS. A)=RA OI( POTAMOI/; OU)DAMW=S. PRE/PEI GA\R TH=| O(LO/THTI SUNEXEI= EI)=NAI: OI( DE\ POTAMOI\ OU) SUNEXEI=S: OU) GA\R E)/XOUSIN U(/DWR A)QRO/ON. OU)K A)/RA O(LO/THS EI)SI\N OI( POTAMOI/, A)LL' H( QA/LASSA W(S SUNEXH\S OU)=SA KAI\ A)QRO/ON E)/XOUSA U(/DWR, MH\ KEXWRISME/NON. KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN KE/RDANON DO/GMA *)ARISTOTE/LOUS, O(/TI BOU/LETAI TH\N QA/LASSAN SUNEXH= EI)=NAI KAI\ OU) DIH|RHME/NHN, W(/S FASIN OI( GEW-GRA/FOI. EI) DE\ KAI\ LE/GEI TIS, O(/TI OU)/TE AI( QA/LASSAI SUNEXEI=S EI)SI [1DIH/|RHN-TAI GA\R A)P' A)LLH/LWN]1, OU)K A)/TOPON KAI\ TOU=TO U(POQE/SQAI, W(/STE KAI\ E)N A)/LLOIS TO/POIS ME/RH EI)=NAI TH=S QALA/TTHS DIA\ TO\ PA/NTA E)N PA=SIN EI)=NAI. I)DOU\ GOU=N TH=S O(LO/THTOS TOU= PURO\S E)N TW=| U(PEKKAU/MATI OU)/SHS U(PO\ GH=N PURO/S EI)SI KRATH=RES DIA\ TO\ PA/NTA E)N PA=SIN EI)=NAI. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N KATA-SKEUASTE/ON, O(/TI OU)X OI( POTAMOI/ EI)SIN O(LO/THTES DIA\ TO\ KATAXEI=SQAI, A)LL' H( QA/LASSA. KAI\ A)/LLWS DE\ OU) DUNATO\N TOU\S POTAMOU\S EI)=NAI O(LO/THTA TOU= U(/DATOS, E)PEIDH\ R(UTOI/ EI)SIN, H( DE\ QA/LASSA STA/SIMOS: PRE/PEI DE\ TH=| O(LO/-THTI H( STA/SIS: H( QA/LASSA A)/RA O(LO/THS TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS DIA\ TH\N STA/SIN, KAI\ OU)XI\ OI( POTAMOI/. EI) DE\ KAI\ R(UTH\N AU)TH\N E)/LEGEN *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH=| PROTE-RAI/A|, A)LL' OU)X OU(/TWS E)STI\ R(UTH\ W(/SPER OI( POTAMOI/: E)KEI=NOI ME\N GA\R A)LLA-XOU= R(E/OUSI, TOUTE/STIN EI)S TH\N QA/LASSAN, AU(/TH DE\ OU)K A)LLAXOU=, A)LL' EI)S @1 AU)TH/N, EI) MH\ A)/RA TIS LE/GEI, O(/TI KAI\ OI( POTAMOI\ E)K TH=S MEGA/LHS QALA/T-THS EI)SI/, TOUTE/STI TOU= *)WKEANOU= KATA\ TO\N POIHTH/N, O(/S FHSIN: "3E)C OU(= PA/NTES EI)SI\ POTAMOI\ PA=SAI DE/ TE PHGAI/."3 E)/STI GA\R U(POQE/SQAI, O(/TI AI( TOU= POTA-MOU= PHGAI\ H)\ A)/NTIKRUS AU)TOI\ OI( POTAMOI\ E)K TOU= *)WKEANOU= SUNI/STANTAI KAI\ E)C AU)TOU= R(E/OUSIN. A)LL' A)POTI/QENTAI TH\N A(LMURO/THTA DIA\ TH=S GH=S DIHQOU/MENOI KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO PO/TIMON E)/XOUSIN U(/DWR. H( DE\ QA/LASSA STA/SIMO/S E)STI: PRE/-PEI DE\ TH=| O(LO/THTI H( STA/SIS TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS. KAI\ MH/ TIS LEGE/TW, O(/TI I)DOU\ TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA TOU= PURO\S U(PA/RXON O(LO/THS KINEI=TAI, W(/STE OU)K E)/STIN E)N TH=| O(LO/THTI H( STA/SIS. LE/GOMEN GA/R, O(/TI EI) KAI\ KINEI=TAI TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA, TH\N KU/KLW| FORA\N KINEI=TAI: PRE/PEI GA\R TAI=S O(LO/THSIN H( A)IDIO/THS, A)I/DIOI DE\ ME/-NOUSIN H)\ I(STA/MENAI H)\ KU/KLW| KINOU/MENAI. KAI\ TOU=TO ME\N TO\ PRW=TON E)PI-XEI/RHMA. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O(/TI GA\R H( QA/LASSA O(LO/THS E)STI\ TOU= U(/DATOS, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ PA=N U(/DWR POTAMOU= TH=S OI)KEI/AS O(LO/THTOS E)FIE/MENON EI)S AU)TH\N SPEU/DEI [1FILOU=SI GA\R TA\ ME/RH TAI=S O(LO/THSI SUNA/PTESQAI: I)DOU\ GOU=N H( BW=LOS TH=S GH=S E)FIEME/NH, TOUTE/STI TH=S OI)KEI/AS O(LO/THTOS, E)P' AU)TH\N PA/LIN A)NAKA/MPTEI]1: E)PEIDH\ PA/LIN O( U(POKEI/MENOS AU)TH=| TO/POS DEKTIKO/S E)STI PANTO\S U(/DATOS A(LMUROU= TE KAI\ POTI/MOU, TOU=TO DE\ O(LO/THTOS I)/DION TO\ PA=N U(/DWR U(PODE/XESQAI. EI) DE\ LE/GOI TIS, O(/TI KAI\ PW=S OU)X O(RW=MEN E)N AU)TH=| PO/TIMON U(/DWR, R(HTE/ON, O(/TI O(/SON ME\N E)PI\ TH=| QALA/TTH| PO/TIMON E)/XEI U(/DWR, A)LLA\ DIA\ TH\N KAQ' H(ME/RAN GINOME/NHN E)CA/TMISIN U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ TH=S SE-LH/NHS KAI\ TW=N A)STE/RWN OU)/. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N TO\ XRHSTO\N E)CATMI/ZETAI, ME/NEI TO\ A(LMURO/N, MHDE\ NOMISTE/ON, O(/TI PERI\ TH\N QA/LATTAN OU)K E)/STI TO/POS DEKTIKO\S KAI\ POTI/MOU U(/DATOS, A)LLA\ MO/NON A(LMUROU=. [2O(]2 GA\R TOU=TO LE/GWN E)/OIKE TW=| OI)OME/NW| MHDE\ TH\N GASTE/RA TW=N ZW/|WN DEKTIKH\N EI)=NAI TROFH=S, A)LLA\ MO/NON PERITTW/MATOS, DIA\ TO\ A)NHRPA/SQAI TO\ XRHSTO\N E)N TOI=S XITW=SI. TOU=TO KAI\ TO\ TRI/TON. TE/TARTON KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O(/TI GA\R O(LO/THS H( QA/LASSA, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ TO\ XARAKTHRISTIKO\N TOU= U(/DATOS W(S U(/DATO/S E)STI TO\ E)N KOILO-TA/TW| TH=S GH=S TO/PW| E)PEI/GESQAI KAI\ TOU=TON A)EI\ KATALAMBA/NEIN: H( DE\ QA/-LASSA E)N TW=| PANTI\ KOILOTA/TW| TH=S GH=S TO/PW| E)STI/. KAI\ O(/TI OU(/TWS E)STI\N H( QA/LASSA, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ PA/NTES OI( POTAMOI\ EI)S AU)TH\N E)PEI/GONTAI. TOU=TO KAI\ TO\ TE/TARTON. KAI\ DIA\ ME\N TOU/TWN TW=N TESSA/RWN E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN KATA-SKEUA/ZEI *)ARISTOTE/LHS, O(/TI O(LO/THS H( QA/LASSA TOU= U(/DATOS. FE/RE DE\ H(MEI=S E)/CWQEN A)PORH/SWMEN PRO\S TO\N LO/GON DIAFO/RWS KAI\ TW=N A)PORIW=N E)PAGA/-GWMEN TA\S LU/SEIS. E)PEIDH\ GA\R AI( O(LO/THTES KATA\ FU/SIN EI)SI/N, H( DE\ QA/-LASSA PARA\ FU/SIN [1A(LMURA\ GA/R]1, H( QA/LASSA A)/RA OU)X O(LO/THS. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI OU)K E)/STI PARA\ FU/SIN H( QA/LASSA A(LMURA/. EI) GA\R TOU=TO H)=N PARA\ FU/SIN, @1 TO\ EI)=NAI AU)TH\N GLUKEI=AN KATA\ FU/SIN A)\N U(PH=RXEN. A)LLA\ TO\ ME\N KATA\ FU/SIN U(/DWR TO\ A)/POIO/N E)STIN: OU)K A)/RA TO\ GLUKU\ KAI\ A(LMURO\N KATA\ FU/SIN E)STI\N E)N TW=| U(/DATI. KATA\ FU/SIN GA/R E)STI TW=| U(/DATI TO\ YUXRO\N KAI\ U(GRO\N EI)=NAI, A(/PER A(PTIKAI\ POIO/THTE/S EI)SIN, OU) GEUSTAI/. E(TE/RA A)PORI/A: PARA\ FU/SIN E)STI\ TO\ QALA/SSION U(/DWR, E)PEIDH\ GA\R PANTO\S TOU= U(/DATOS E)STI\ TO\ YU/XEIN KAI\ U(GRAI/NEIN, H( DE\ QA/LATTA OU) TOU=TO POIEI=: QERMAI/NEI GA\R KAI\ CHRAI/NEI: OU)K A)/RA O(LO/THS E)STI/. LE/GOMEN DE\ KAI\ PRO\S TOU=TO, O(/TI OU) DI' E(AUTH\N H( QA/-LASSA QERMAI/NEI KAI\ CHRAI/NEI, A)LLA\ KAI\ DIA\ TH\N SUNEZEUGME/NHN AU)TH=| KA-PNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN, E)PEI\ O(/SON E)F' E(AUTH=| PO/TIMON E)/XEI U(/DWR, TO\ DE\ PO/TIMON YU/XEI KAI\ U(GRAI/NEI. KAI\ O(/TI O(/SON E)F' E(AUTH=| PO/TIMON E)/XEI U(/DWR, DH=LON. EI) GA/R TIS O)RU/CEI LA/KKOUS PERI\ TO\N AI)GIALO/N, EU(RH/SEI AU)TOU\S PLHRWQE/NTAS POTI/MOU U(/DATOS: W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI E)N TW=| DIHQEI=SQAI TO\ U(/DWR A)PO\ TH=S QA-LA/SSHS E)N TOI=S LA/KKOIS A)PE/QETO TH\N SUMMEMIGME/NHN AU)TW=| KAPNW/DH A)NA-QUMI/ASIN, E)PEIDH\ OU)K E)/STIN AU)TW=| KEKRAME/NH, A)LLA\ MO/NON PARAKEIME/NH. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N KAI\ H(MEI=S E)/CWQEN. O( ME/NTOI FILO/SOFOS A)PODEI/CAS O(LO/THTA EI)=NAI TH\N QA/LASSAN KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO LELHQO/TWS A)SU/NQETON [1PRE/PEI GA\R TAI=S O(LO/THSI TO\ A(PLOU=N DIA\ TO\ A)EI\ DIAME/NEIN]1, TRE/PETAI KAI\ E)PI\ TO\ TRI/TON PRO/-BLHMA TH/N [TE] AI)TI/AN ZHTW=N TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS TH=S QALA/SSHS. KAI\ A)PO-DE/XETAI ME\N TW=N PALAIW=N FILOSO/FWN TH\N AI)TIOLOGI/AN TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS OU)X W(S AI)TI/AN A(PLW=S U(PA/RXOUSAN TH=| A(LMURO/THTI, A)LL' W(S SUNAITI/AN TW=N U(P' AU)TW=N LEGOME/NWN. E)/FASKON GA\R E)KEI=NOI, O(/TI A(LMURA/ E)STIN H( QA/LASSA DIA\ TO\ KAQ' H(ME/RAN E)CATMI/ZEIN A)P' AU)TH=S TO\N H(/LION TO\ LEPTOMERE\S DIA\ TO\ TRAFH=NAI AU)TO/N, KATALIMPA/NEIN DE\ TO\ TRUGW=DES KAI\ A(LMURO/N. KAI\ O(/TI ME\N AI)/TIO/N E)STI KAI\ TO\ E)CATMI/ZESQAI TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS, A)PODE/XETAI. PLH\N OU) MO/NON TOU=TO/ E)STIN AI)/TION, A)LLA\ KAI\ H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS: EI) GA\R MO/NON TOU=TO H)=N, O(/TE PA/LIN KATARREI= TO\ E)CATMISQE\N GLUKU\ KAI\ MI/GNUTAI AU)TH=|, OU)K A)\N A(LMURA\ U(PH=RXEN. OU)KOU=N R(HTE/ON, O(/TI A(LMURA/ E)STIN H( QA/LASSA KAI\ DIA\ TO\ E)CATMI/ZESQAI U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU TO\ LEPTOMERE\S AU)TH=S KAI\ DIA\ TO\ SUMMEMI=XQAI AU)TH=| TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN. A)LLA\ TOU=TO ME\N AU)TW=N A)PODE/XETAI TO\ LE/GEIN, O(/TI E)CATMI/ZEI O( H(/LIOS TO\ LEPTOMERE/S: E)KEI=NO DE\ OU)K A)PODE/XETAI TO\ LE/GEIN AU)TOU/S, O(/TI E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS TRE/FETAI O( H(/LIOS. A)LLA\ TOU=TO A)NAIREI= DIA\ PE/NTE E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, W(=N TO\ PRW=TON TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: OU) DUNATO\N TRE/FESQAI TO\N H(/LION E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS, EI)/ GE H( A)TMI\S OU)X U(PERBAI/NEI TA\S A)KRWREI/AS TW=N O)RW=N, A)LL' E)KEI=SE EI)S U(/DWR METABALLO-ME/NH DIA\ TH\N E)KEI=SE YU/CIN PA/LIN A)NTIKATARREI=. O( DE\ H(/LIOS DE/DEIKTAI TH=S SELH/NHS EI)KOSAPLA/SION E)/XEIN DIA/STHMA A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU. EI) DE\ LE/GOI TIS, O(/TI PU=R U(PA/RXWN O( H(/LIOS A)NA/GKH AU)TO\N TRE/FESQAI E)PI\ TW=| DIA-ME/NEIN W(S KAI\ TO\ PU=R [1TOU=TO GA\R TH=S U(/LHS E)PILEIPOU/SHS SBE/NNUTAI]1, E)ROU=-MEN, O(/TI PRW=TON ME\N OU)K E)/STI PU=R O( H(/LIOS [1E)DEI/XQH GA\R MH\ W)\N QERMO/S, @1 A)LLA\ QERMOPOIO/S]1, E)/PEITA DE\ EI) KAI\ PU=R AU)TO\N U(POQW/MEQA, OU)D' OU(/TWS TRE/FETAI, E)PEI\ MH/TE TO\ PU=R TRE/FETAI % A)STE/RA. O(/TI GA\R OU) TRE/FETAI PU=R, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ PA=N TO\ TREFO/MENON O(/RON E)/XEI AU)CH/SEWS %2%2%2 A)LLA\ SUNEP-EKTEI/NETAI TH=| U(/LH| KAI\ H( AU)/CHSIS: OU)K A)/RA TRE/FETAI. E)/PEITA DE\ TO\ TRE-FO/MENON DIA\ QREPTIKOU= O)RGA/NOU TRE/FETAI: OU)K E)/STI DE\ TW=| PURI\ QREPTIKA\ O)/RGANA: W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI OU) TRE/FETAI O( H(/LIOS U(PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS. U(PERBHSO/-MEQA DE\ TH\N *(HRAKLEI/TOU PARADOCOLOGI/AN. OU)KE/TI GA\R "3NE/OS E)F' H(ME/RH|"3 GENH/SETAI O( H(/LIOS DIA\ TO\N *(HRA/KLEITON, A)LLA\ NE/OS KAQ' E(/KASTON NU=N. E)/LEGE GA\R O( *(HRA/KLEITOS, O(/TI PU=R U(PA/RXWN O( H(/LIOS, O(/TAN ME\N E)N TAI=S A)NATOLAI=S U(PA/RXH|, A)NA/PTETAI DIA\ TH\N E)KEI=SE QERMO/THTA: O(/TAN DE\ E)N TAI=S DUSMAI=S E)/LQH|, SBE/NNUTAI DIA\ TH\N E)KEI=SE YU/CIN. EI) OU)=N H(MEI=S PROSQH/SOMEN, O(/TI KAI\ TRE/FETAI U(PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS, POIH/SOMEN AU)TO\N KAQ' E(/KASTON NU=N TRE/FESQAI KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO KAQ' E(/KASTON NU=N GI/NESQAI: TO\ GA\R TREFO/MENON KAI\ GI/NETAI. OU)K-OU=N KAQ' E(/KASTON NU=N E)STI NE/OS, KAI\ OU) KAQ' E(KA/STHN H(ME/RAN MO/NON. KAI\ TOU=TO KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: OU) DUNATO\N TRE/FESQAI TO\N H(/LION U(PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS: I)DOU\ GA\R KAI\ TO\ PU=R E)CATMI/ZEI ME\N TO\ U(/DWR TO\ O)\N E)N TW=| LE/BHTI, OU) TRE/FETAI DE\ U(P' AU)TOU= %2%2%2 DIA\ TO\ A)NTIFRA/TTEIN AU)TW=| POLLA\S SFAI/RAS KAI\ MH\ A)NA/GESQAI W(S [2E)P']2 AU)TO\N TH\N A)TMI/DA. TOU=TO TO\ TRI/TON. TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA: TI/S H( A)POKLH/RWSIS, I(/NA MO/NOS O( H(/LIOS KAI\ OI( LOIPOI\ PLA/NHTES U(PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS TRE/FWNTAI [1KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN KAI\ KATA\ PLA/TOS KINOU=NTAI TOU= ZW|DIAKOU=, E)/NQA EU)PORH/SOUSI PLEI/ONOS TROFH=S, TOUTE/STI PLEI/-ONOS A)NAFEROME/NHS A)TMI/DOS]1, OI( D' A)PLANEI=S A)STE/RES MH\ TRE/FWNTAI A)PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS; EI) DE\ LE/GEI TIS, O(/TI KAI\ AU)TOI\ TRE/FONTAI, E)XRH=N KAI\ AU)TOU\S KATA\ PLA/TOS KINEI=SQAI, O(/PER OU) GI/NETAI. OU)K A)/RA OU(=TOI OI( PLA/NHTES DIA\ TO\ TRE/FESQAI KINOU=NTAI KATA\ PLA/TOS: OU) GA\R TRE/FONTAI O(/LWS. PE/MPTON KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) E)TRE/FONTO OI( A)STE/RES A)PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS, E)XRH=N TH\N A)NAQUMI/ASIN TH\N A)TMIDW/DH MHKE/TI KATAFE/RESQAI, A)LL' A)NALI/SKE-SQAI A)/NW EI)S TH\N TW=N A)STE/RWN TROFH/N. A)LLA\ MH\N O(RW=MEN, O(/TI EI)S U(/DWR METABLHQEI=SA PA/LIN KATAFE/RETAI, EI) KAI\ MH\ E)N TW=| PROSEXEI= E)NIAUTW=| PA=SA, A)LL' OU)=N E)N TW=| E)FECH=S PA/NTWS. TOU\S GA\R CHROTE/ROUS E)NIAUTOU\S DIADE/XON-TAI E)/POMBROI: OU)K A)/RA E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS TRE/FONTAI OI( A)STE/RES. DIA\ ME\N TOU/TWN TW=N PE/NTE E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN A)PODEI/KNUSIN O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI OU) TRE/-FONTAI OI( A)STE/RES A)PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS. FE/RE DE\ KAI\ H(MEI=S E)/CWQEN PROSEUPO-RH/SWMEN TRI/A E)PIXEIRH/MATA TO\ AU)TO\ TOU=TO KATASKEUA/ZONTES. PRW=TON ME/N, @1 O(/TI PW=S DUNATO\N TRE/FESQAI TO\N H(/LION A)PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS [2E(KATONTA]2EBDOMH-KONTAPLASI/ONA O)/NTA TH=S GH=S. EI) GA\R A(/PAN TO\ U(/DWR KAI\ PA=SA H( GH= EI)S A)TMI/DA METABLHQEI/H, OU)K A)RKE/SEIE PRO\S TH\N TOU= H(LI/OU MO/NON TROFH/N, OU) LE/GW KAI\ TW=N A)/LLWN A)STE/RWN. TOU=TO PRW=TON. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) DH\ W(SAU/TWS KAI\ KATA\ TA\ AU)TA\ E)/XOUSIN OI( A)STE/RES, OU) TRE/FONTAI: EI) GA\R KAI\ TRE/FONTAI, KAI\ GI/NONTAI: EI) KAI\ GI/NONTAI, KAI\ FQEI/RONTAI: EI) FQEI/RONTAI, OU)K A)EI\ KATA\ TA\ AU)TA\ KAI\ W(SAU/TWS E)/XOUSI. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) TRE/-FONTAI OI( A)STE/RES, E)XRH=N AU)TOU/S, E)/NQA POLLH\N EU)PORI/AN TROFH=S E(/COUSIN, E)KEI=SE GI/NESQAI: POLLH\ D' [2EI)]2 EU)PORI/A TROFH=S E)/CW TROPIKOU=, E)XRH=N AU)-TOU\S E)/CW TOU/TOU GI/NESQAI, O(/PER A)/TOPON: OU) GA\R E)CE/RXONTAI/ POTE TO\N ZW|DIAKO/N: OU)K A)/RA TRE/FONTAI OI( A)STE/RES. TAU=TA PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TH=S GENE/SEWS AU)TH=S, EI) GE/GONE, KAI\ TOU= XU-MOU= TI/S H( AI)TI/A TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS KAI\ TH=S PIKRO/THTOS, LEKTE/ON.>20}1 @*NU=N ZHTEI= TAU=TA DEU/TERON, EI) GENHTH/ E)STIN H)\ A)GE/NHTOS, KAI\ TH\N AI)-TI/AN TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS, I(/NA DIA\ TOU= DEI=CAI, O(/TI A)GE/NHTO/S E)STIN, DEI/CH|, O(/TI A(PLH= E)STIN, KAI\ DIA\ TOU= DEI=CAI, O(/TI A(PLH= E)STIN H( QA/LASSA, DEI/CH|, O(/TI O(LO/THS E)STI\ TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS. {1<20*DO/CEIE GA\R A)\N EU)/LOGON, EI) KAI\ TW=N A)/LLWN STOIXEI/WN E)STI\N O)/GKOS KAI\ A)RXH\ DIA\ TO\ PLH=QOS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI W(/SPER TA\ A)/LLA STOI-XEI=A E)/XOUSIN O(LO/THTAS, EI)KO\S EI)=NAI KAI\ TOU= U(/DATOS O(LO/THTA, E)PEI/ TOI/ GE A)POKLHRWTIKO\S E)/STAI O( LO/GOS. {1<20*TO\ GA\R TW=N POTAMW=N OU)/T' A)QRO/ON E)/STAI OU)/TE STA/SIMON, A)LL' W(S GINO/MENON A)EI\ FAI/NETAI KAQ' H(ME/RAN.>20}1 @*(/WS TINOS A)PORH/SANTOS "3KAI\ TI/ A)/TOPON, *)ARISTO/TELES, EI)=NAI TOU= U(/DATOS O(LO/THTA TOU\S POTAMOU/S;"3 AU)TO\S E)PELU/SATO LE/GWN, O(/TI OU) DUNATO/N, E)PEI\ KAI\ R(UTOI/ EI)SI KAI\ DIH|RHME/NOI. E)/NQEN KE/RDANON, O(/TI BOU/LETAI O( FILO/SOFOS PA/SAS TA\S QALA/SSAS SUNEXEI=S EI)=NAI KAI\ OU) DIH|RHME/NAS. @1 {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ TOU\S POTAMOU\S OU) MO/NON EI)S TAU/THN, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)K TAU/THS FASI/ TINES R(EI=N.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI PA/NTES OI( POTAMOI\ TH=S OI)KEI/AS O(LO/THTOS E)FIE/MENOI EI)SRE/OUSIN E)N TH=| QALA/SSH|. I)/SWS TW=| POIHTH=| KAT-AKOLOUQW=N O( FILO/SOFOS E)/FH, O(/TI OU) MO/NON EI)SRE/OUSIN EI)S AU)TH\N OI( POTAMOI/, A)LLA\ KAI\ A)P' AU)TH=S R(E/OUSIN, E)/NNOIAN E)/XWN TOU= *)WKEANOU=. PERI\ OU(= O( POIHTH/S: "3E)C OU(= PA/NTES OI( POTAMOI\ KAI\ PA=SAI PHGAI\ A)EI\ R(E/OUSI"3. {1<20*TI/ DH/POT' OU)=N OU)K E)/STI TO\ SUNESTW\S U(/DWR PO/TIMON, @EI)/PER A)/RA A)RXH\ TOU= PANTO/S E)STIN U(/DATOS, A)LL' A(LMURO/N.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ KATESKEU/ASEN DIA\ TOU= DEUTE/ROU E)PIXEIRH/MATOS, O(/TI H( QA/LASSA O(LO/THS E)STI\ TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS, A)POREI= PRO\S E(AUTO\N MH/PW TA\ A)/LLA DU/O E)PIXEIRH/MATA EI)RHKW/S, O(/TI KAI\ PW=S DUNATO\N TH\N O(LO/THTA TOU= U(/DATOS A(L-MURA\N EI)=NAI KAI\ PARA\ FU/SIN: EI)=TA TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS E)PA/GWN LU/EI TH\N A)PORI/AN. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI O(/SON ME\N KAQ' E(AUTH\N H( QA/LASSA PO/TIMO/S E)STIN, A)LLA\ DIA\ TO\ PERITETA/SQAI TO\ U(/DWR AU)TH=S E)PA/NW TH=S GH=S EI)S PLA/TOS E)CATMI/ZETAI TO\ LEPTOMERE\S KAI\ PO/TIMON, ME/NEI DE\ TO\ BARU\ KAI\ A(LMURO/N: O(/QEN A(/MA TH=| LU/SEI TH=S A)PORI/AS KAI\ TH\N AI)TI/AN LE/GEI TH=S A(LMU-RO/THTOS TH=S QALA/SSHS. {1<20*TOU=TO GA/R E)STI TO\ E)/SXATON, EI)/TE W(S POLLOI\ LE/GOUSIN EI)/TE W(S H(MEI=S.>20}1 @*TOU=TO, FHSI/, TO\ U(/DWR TO\ PERITETAME/NON PERI\ TH\N GH=N E)/SXATO/N E)STI TOU= TE A)E/ROS KAI\ TOU= PURO/S, EI)/TE SUNEXE/S E)STIN, W(/SPER H(MEI=S LE/GOMEN, H)\ DIH|RHME/NON, W(S OI( TA\S GEWGRAFI/AS POIOU=NTES LE/GOUSI. {1<20*FEROME/NOU DE\ TOU= H(LI/OU TOU=TON TO\N TRO/PON.>20}1 @*POI=ON; POTE\ ME\N BOREIOTE/ROU, POTE\ DE\ NOTIWTE/ROU GINOME/NOU. {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ GELOI=OI PA/NTES, O(/SOI TW=N PRO/TERON U(PE/LABON H(/LION TRE/FESQAI TW=| U(GRW=|.>20}1 @*)EA/SAS TE/WS TA\ LOIPA\ DU/O E)PIXEIRH/MATA KATASKEUA/ZONTA O(LO/THTA EI)=NAI TH\N QA/LASSAN I(/STATAI PRO\S TH\N FUSIKH\N DO/CAN TH\N LE/GOUSAN E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS TRE/FESQAI TO\N H(/LION. @1 {1<20*KAI\ GA\R TO\ FANERO\N PU=R, E(/WS A)\N E)/XH| TROFH/N, ME/XRI TOU/TOU ZH=|.>20}1 @*DIAKWMW|DEI= AU)TW=N TH\N U(PO/QESIN, E)PEIDH\ E)/LEGON PU=R O)/NTA TO\N H(/LION PA/NTWS DEI=SQAI TROFH=S KAQ' E(KA/STHN W(/RAN: KAI/TOI OU)/TE TO\ PU=R TRE/FETAI. {1<20*(/WSPER A)FIKNOU/MENON ME/XRI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION TO\ A)NAGO/-MENON TOU= U(GROU=.>20}1 @*)AGANAKTOU=NTOS FWNH/. OU(/TW GA\R H)LI/QIOI/ EI)SIN, O(/TI NOMI/ZOUSI TO\ E)C-ATMISQE\N FQA/NEIN E)PI\ TH\N H(LIAKH\N SFAI=RAN KAI/TOI TOSOU/TWN A)/LLWN SFAI-RW=N E)N TW=| ME/SW| OU)SW=N KAI\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS MHDE\ TA\S A)KRWREI/AS SXEDO\N U(PER-BAINOU/SHS. KAI\ I)DOU\ E)/XEIS TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA. {1<20*(H ME\N GA\R DIA\ SUNEXOU=S U(GROU= KAI\ CHROU= METABALLO/N-TWN GI/NETAI KAI\ OU) TRE/FETAI.>20}1 @*(/ORA, PW=S SAFW=S LE/GEI O( FILO/SOFOS MH\ TRE/FESQAI TO\ PU=R. {1<20*DHLONO/TI KAI\ O( H(/LIOS OU) MO/NON, KAQA/PER *(HRA/KLEITO/S @FHSI, "3NE/OS E)F' H(ME/RH|"3 E)STI/N, A)LL' A)EI\ NE/OS SUNEXW=S.>20}1 @*EI) DW/SOMEN TO\N H(/LION TRE/FESQAI, OU) MO/NON KAQ' H(ME/RAN GI/NETAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ KAQ' E(KA/STHN W(/RAN TRE/FESQAI. KAI\ E)/XEIS E)NTEU=QEN TO\ DEU/TERON E)PI-XEI/RHMA. {1<20*)/ETI D' H( U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU A)NAGWGH\ TOU= U(GROU= O(MOI/A TOI=S QERMAINOME/NOIS U(/DASI/N E)STIN U(PO\ TOU= PURO/S.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN DE\ TO\ TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI OU)/T' E)PI\ TOU= PAR' H(MI=N PURO\S %2%2%2 TO\ D' A)NTIFRA/TTEIN POLLA/KIS TO\ ME/SON. OU(/TWS OU)=N OU)/T' E)PI\ TOU= H(LI/OU TO\ U(P' AU)TOU= E)CATMISQE\N TROFH\ AU)TOU= E)STIN. {1<20*)/ATOPON DE\ KAI\ TO\ MO/NON FRONTI/SAI TOU= H(LI/OU, TW=N D' A)/LLWN A)STE/RWN PARIDEI=N TH\N SWTHRI/AN.>20}1 @*TO\ TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, TI/S H( A)POKLH/RWSIS TO\N H(/LION MO/NON TRE/FESQAI U(PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS, MHKE/TI DE\ TOU\S A)/LLOUS A)STE/RAS. @1 {1<20*TO\ DE\ AU)TO\ SUMBAI/NEI KAI\ TOU/TOIS A)/LOGON.>20}1 @*TO\ PE/MPTON E)PIXEI/RHMA. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI A)/LOGO/N E)STI TO\ U(POQE/-SQAI EU)QU\S META\ TO\N KATAKLUSMO\N PLH/ROUS U(/DATOS U(PARXOU/SHS TH=S GH=S U(PO\ TH=S TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ TW=N A)STE/RWN QERMASI/AS E)CATMI/ZESQAI KATA\ ME/ROS KAI\ FE/RESQAI A)PO\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS A)STE/RAS: OU) MO/NON DE/, A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\N A)E/RA A)PO\ TAU/THS GI/NESQAI TOU= A)NENEXQE/NTOS O(MOI/WS PA/LIN KATENEXQE/NTOS DIA\ TW=N U(ETW=N: E)XRH=N GA\R A)/NW MEMENHKE/NAI. {1<20*TO\ ME\N OU)=N PO/TIMON KAI\ GLUKU\ DIA\ KOUFO/THTA PA=N A)/GETAI.>20}1 @*META\ TA\ PE/NTE E)PIXEIRH/MATA E)PANAKA/MPTEI PA/LIN E)PI\ TO\ E)C A)RXH=S AU)TW=| PROTEQE/N, O(/TI O(LO/THS E)STI\N H( QA/LASSA KAI\ E)PANAMIMNH/|SKEI TOU= TE/-LOUS TOU= PRW/TOU E)PIXEIRH/MATOS, I(/NA E)FECH=S TA\ LEI/PONTA DU/O E)PA/CH|: E)LE/GETO GA\R E)N TW=| TE/LEI TOU= PRW/TOU E)PIXEIRH/MATOS A(/MA TE H( LU/SIS TH=S A)PORI/AS KAI\ A(/MA H( AI)TI/A TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS. TOU=TO OU)=N NU=N E)PANAMIMNH/|SKEI. {1<20*(\ON GA\R O(RW=MEN KATE/XOUSAN TO/PON TH\N QA/LASSAN, OU(=TOS OU)K E)/STI QALA/TTHS, A)LLA\ MA=LLON U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*TO\ TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TW=N TESSA/RWN TW=N PERI\ QALA/SSHS E)PIXEIRHMA/-TWN TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI O( U(POKEI/MENOS TO/POS TH=| QALA/TTH| PANTO\S U(/DATO/S E)STI DEKTIKO/S: O(LO/THS A)/RA H( QA/LATTA. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; OU(=TOS O( TO/POS OU) MO/NON QALA/TTHS E)STI\ DEKTIKO/S, TOUTE/STIN A(LMUROU= U(/DATOS, A)LL' A(PLW=S U(/DATOS, TOUTE/STI PANTOI/OU U(/DATOS. {1<20*FAI/NETAI DE\ QALA/SSHS, O(/TI TO\ ME\N A(LMURO\N U(POME/NEI DIA\ TO\ BA/ROS.>20}1 @*(/WS TINOS A)PORH/SANTOS "3KAI\ PW=S, *)ARISTO/TELES, A(LMUROU= U(/DATOS FAI/-NETAI PERIEKTIKO\S W)\N OU(=TOS O( TO/POS;"3 AU)TO\S TH\N LU/SIN E)PA/GEI, O(/TI DIA\ TO\ A)NARPA/ZESQAI TO\ LEPTO\N U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU U(POME/NEI TO\ PAXU/, W(/SPER KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S GASTRO\S TW=N ZW/|WN. KA)KEI=SE GA\R TOU= O(MOI/OU GINOME/NOU % LE/GETAI H( GASTH\R DEKTIKH\ DEKTIKOU=, A)LLA\ DEKTIKH\ TH=S A(PLW=S TROFH=S. {1<20*)/ESTE GA\R TO\ KOILO/TATON H( R(U/SIS, KAI\ H( QA/LATTA TO\N TOIOU=TON E)PE/XEI TH=S GH=S TO/PON.>20}1 @*TO\ D' E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI E)N TW=| KOILOTA/TW| TH=S GH=S E)STIN H( @1 QA/LASSA: DIO\ AU(/TH U(PA/RXEI O(LO/THS, E)PEIDH\ TO\ PA/NTWN XARAKTHRISTIKO\N TOU= U(/DATOS, TOUTE/STI TO\ DIW/KEIN TO\N KOILO/TATON TH=S GH=S TO/PON, E)PE/XEI. KAI\ O(/TI KOILOTA/TH E)STI\N H( QA/LATTA, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ PA=SA R(U/SIS POTAMOU= EI)S AU)TH\N E)PEI/GETAI. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*TO\ DE\ ZHTEI=N TH\N A)RXAI/AN A)PORI/AN, DIA\ TI/ TOSOU=TON PLH=QOS OU)DAMOU= FAI/NETAI.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ KATASKEUA/ZEI O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI H( QA/LATTA O(LO/THS E)STI\ TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS, E)XRH/SATO E(NI\ E)PIXEIRH/MATI TW=| LE/GONTI, O(/TI OI( POTAMOI\ A(/PANTES EI)SBA/LLOUSIN E)N TH=| QALA/TTH| W(S O(LO/THTOS E)FIE/MENOI H)\ W(S TH=S E)N AU)TH=| KOILO/THTOS. NU=N AU)TO\ TOU=TO ZHTEI=, TI/ DH/POTE POLLOU= KAI\ MEGI/STOU POTAMOU= E)MBA/LLONTOS E)N TH=| QALA/TTH| O(/MWS AU(/TH KAT' OU)DE/NA TRO/PON FAI/-NETAI AU)CANOME/NH PARA\ TO\ PRO/TERON. KAI\ TAU/THN TH\N A)PORI/AN LU/EI TOI-OU/TW| LO/GW| KEXRHME/NOS: E)PEIDH\ GA/R, FHSI/, TO\ TH=S QALA/TTHS U(/DWR KATA\ TO\ TH=S GH=S PLA/TOS FAI/NETAI E)KTETAME/NON, W(/SPER A)/N TIS KU/AQON U(/DATOS E)PI\ TRAPE/ZHS E)CAPLW/SH|, TOU/TOU XA/RIN E)CHPLWME/NOU TOU= U(/DATOS AU)TH=S E)PI\ ME/-GISTON TH=S GH=S TO/PON SUMBAI/NEI TO\ POLU\ AU)TOU= ME/ROS A)PO/LLOUSQAI, PH=| ME\N E)CATMIZO/MENON U(PO\ TH=S TOU= H(LI/OU PERIFORA=S, PH=| D' U(PO\ TH=S U(POKEIME/NHS GH=S A)NAPINO/MENON. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N POLU/ E)STIN E)C AU)TH=S A)POLLU/MENON U(/DWR, EI)KO/TWS OU) FAI/NETAI AU)CANOME/NH, EI) KAI\ PA/NTES EI)SBA/LLOIEN OI( POTAMOI/. OU(/TW PERI\ TH=S O(LO/THTOS TH=S QALA/TTHS DIALEXQEI\S O( FILO/SOFOS, E)PEI\ MH\ SUNW|DA\ AU)TW=| FQE/GGETAI O( *PLA/TWN_BOU/LETAI GA\R AU)TO\S E)N TW=| *FAI/-DWNI MH\ TH\N QA/LATTAN EI)=NAI O(LO/THTA TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS, A)LLA\ POTAMO/N TINA KAI\ TOU=TON U(PO\ GH=N O)/NTA, FHMI\ DH\ TO\N *TA/RTARON. E)/LEGE GA\R PERI\ TO\ TH=S GH=S KE/NTRON EI)LEI=SQAI TOU=TON TO\N POTAMO/N, A)P' AU)TOU= D' E(TE/ROUS TREI=S PROI+E/NAI, LE/GW DH\ *)AXE/RONTA, *KWKUTO/N, *PURIFLEGE/QONTA: E)K DE\ TOU/TWN PA/NTAS PROI+E/NAI TOU\S POTAMOU\S KAI\ TH\N QA/LATTAN. TOU=TON D' AU)TO\N TO\N *TA/RTARON A)NA/STATON O)/NTA KAI\ O)/XLOU MESTO\N KUMAI/NESQAI PERI\ TO\ KE/NTRON KAI\ POTE\ ME\N E)A/SANTA TO\ KE/NTRON GI/NESQAI PERI\ TO\ DIA/METRON, POTE\ DE\ PERI\ TO\ E(/TERON DIA/METRON, KAI\ OU(/TWS A)/LLOTE A)LLAXO/QEN FERO/MENON TARA/XOU EI)=NAI MESTO/N. KAI\ TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN E)/LEGEN O(LO/THTA AU)TO\N EI)=NAI TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS: PA/NTAS GA\R TOU\S POTAMOU\S KAI\ TH\N QA/LASSAN EI)S AU)TO\N E)/LEGE XW-REI=N W(S AU)TW=N E)FIEME/NWN TH=S OI)KEI/AS AU)TW=N O(LO/THTOS. TAU/THN TH\N U(PO/-QESIN A)NAIREI= *)ARISTOTE/LHS DIA\ TETTA/RWN E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, W(=N TO\ PRW=TON TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: OU) KALW=S, W)= *PLA/TWN, TO\N *TA/RTARON LE/GEIS TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS EI)=NAI O(LO/THTA: DUSI\ GA\R A)TO/POIS U(POPI/PTEIS OU(/TWS U(POTIQE/- @1MENOS: PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI EU(REQH/SETAI H( TOU= U(/DATOS O(LO/THS U(PO\ GH=N OU)=SA PERI\ TO\ TOU= PANTO\S KE/NTRON, O(/PER A)/TOPON: E)/PEITA DE\ EU(REQH/SETAI TO\ U(/DWR MHKE/TI TH\N KA/TW FORA\N KINOU/MENON KATA\ FU/SIN, A)LLA\ TH\N A)/NW E)FIE/MENON TH=S OI)KEI/AS O(LO/THTOS, O(/PER E)STI\N A)DU/NATON. PA=SI GA\R TOU=TO GNWSTO/N, O(/TI H( ME\N E)PI\ TO\ KA/TANTES FORA\ KATA\ FU/SIN E)STI\ TW=| U(/DATI, H( D' E)PI\ TO\ A)/NANTES PARA\ FU/SIN: E)PEIDH\ OU)=N TH=S OI)KEI/AS O(LO/THTOS E)FIE/MENON TO\ U(/DWR, TOUTE/STI TOU= *TARTA/ROU, W(S SU\ FH/|S, ME/XRI ME\N TOU= KE/NTROU TH\N KA/TW [2FORA\N KATA\]2 FU/SIN KINHQH/SETAI, U(PERBA\N DE\ TO\ KE/NTRON KAI\ W(S E)PI\ TH\N O(LO/THTA XW-ROU=N TH\N A)/NW FORA\N KINHQH/SETAI PARA\ FU/SIN, O(/PER A)/TOPON [1A)/TOPON GA\R TO\ PRO\S TH\N OI)KEI/AN O(LO/THTA KINOU/MENON PARA\ FU/SIN KINEI=SQAI: O(/TI DE\ E)PI\ TO\ A)/NW KINEI=TAI TO\ U(/DWR TO\ A)PO\ TH=S E)PIFANEI/AS TH=S GH=S FERO/MENON E)PI\ TO\N *TA/RTARON [2EI)]2 U(PERBAI/NEI TO\ KE/NTRON, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ PA=SA ME\N H( E)PI\ TO\ KE/NTRON KI/NHSIS KATWFERH\S U(PA/RXEI, H( D' A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU E)PI\ TO\N KU/KLON A)NWFERH/S]1, E)PEIDH\ OU)=N U(PETI/QETO O( *PLA/TWN PERI\ TO\ KE/NTRON TH=S GH=S EI)LEI=SQAI TO\N *TA/RTARON, MH\ % YAU/ONTA DE\ TH\N TOU/TOU KURTH\N E)PIFA/-NEIAN TH=S KOI/LHS E)PIFANEI/AS TH=S GH=S W(S U(/DWR E)N A)GGEI/W|, A)LL' EI)=NAI METACU\ TW=N DU/O E)PIFANEIW=N TO/PON KENO/N, EI)S O(\N KUMAI/NWN O( *TA/RTAROS A)/LLOTE A)/LLON KATALAMBA/NOI TO/PON, SUMBAI/NEI POTE/, [KUMAI/NWN O( *TA/RTAROS] E)N TW=| E(NI\ ME/REI TOU= KE/NTROU EI) E)GE/NETO, EI)=TA TOU= U(/DATOS TOU= KATA\ TH\N E)PIFA/-NEIAN TH=S GH=S PRO\S AU)TO\N E)RXOME/NOU, E)PEIDH\ PRW=TON DIA\ TOU= KE/NTROU PAR-ERXO/MENON E)MI/GNUTO TW=| *TARTA/RW|, ME/XRI ME\N TOU= KE/NTROU TH\N KA/TW FORA\N E)KINEI=TO, META\ DE\ TO\ KE/NTRON E)PEIGO/MENON PAR' AU)TOU= TH\N O(LO/THTA A)NA/GKH TH\N A)/NW FORA\N KINHQH=NAI, EI)/PER PA=SAI AI( A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU KINH/SEIS A)NW-FEREI=S EI)SI: KAI\ SUNE/BAINE PARA\ FU/SIN E)PI\ TH\N OI)KEI/AN O(LO/THTA KINEI=SQAI, O(/PER A)/TOPON. TOU=TO ME\N TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TOU= MH\ EI)=NAI O(LO/THTA TO\N *TA/RTARON. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: OU) KALW=S, W)= *PLA/TWN, E)/FHS TOSOU=TON U(/DWR EI)SREI=N E)N TW=| *TARTA/RW|, O(/SON KAI\ E)KREI=. MA=LLON GA\R EI)KO\S TOU=TO LE/GEIN, O(/TI E)N ME\N TW=| XEIMW=NI PLEI=ON EI)SREI= EI)S AU)TO\N H)/PER E)KREI= DIA\ [TE] TH\N A)PO\ TW=N U(ETW=N PLEONECI/AN TOU= U(/DATOS, E)N DE\ TW=| QE/REI MA=LLON E)KREI=N H)/PER EI)SREI=N DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)PIMI/GNUSQAI TO\ KA/TW FERO/MENON U(/DWR DIA\ TW=N O)/MBRWN. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: E)XRH=N, W)= *PLA/TWN, KAI\ TH\N QA/LATTA/N POTE GI/NESQAI CHRA\N E)FIEME/NHN TH=S OI)KEI/AS O(LO/THTOS KAI\ W(S PRO\S AU)TH\N A)NA-PINOME/NHN, EI)/PER A)EI\ TA\ ME/RH TH=S OI)KEI/AS O(LO/THTOS E)FIE/MENA PRO\S AU)TH\N XWROU=SIN. A)LLA\ MH\N O(RW=MEN, O(/TI H( QA/LASSA OU)K E)PEI/GETAI PRO\S TO\N *TA/R-TARON: EU)/DHLON, O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN AU)TO\S O(LO/THS TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS. KAI\ TOU=TO TO\ TRI/TON. TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA: E)XRH=N, W)= *PLA/TWN, EI)/PER W(S SU\ FH\|S @1 O(LO/THS O( *TA/RTAROS, PA/NTAS TOU\S POTAMOU\S O(RA=N E)N TH=| GH=| A)NAPINOME/NOUS KAI\ EI)S AU)TO\ A)FIKNOUME/NOUS W(S PRO\S OI)KEI/AN O(LO/THTA. NU=N D' OU) TOU=TO O(RW=MEN GINO/MENON, A)LLA\ PA/NTAS TOU\S POTAMOU\S H)\ A)/NTIKRUS EI)SRE/ONTAS E)N TH=| QALA/SSH| H)\ A)/LLOIS POTAMOI=S MEI/ZOSI MIGNUME/NOUS KAI\ EI)SBA/LLONTAS E)N TH=| QALA/SSH|, OU)DE/POTE DE\ E)N TH=| GH=| XAOUME/NOUS, A)LL' EI) KAI\ TOU=TO GE/NHTAI, PA/LIN A)NAFAINOME/NOUS KAI\ MHDE/POTE PRO\S TO\N *TA/RTARON A)FIKNOUME/NOUS: OU)K A)/RA O(LO/THS O( *TA/RTAROS. TOU/TOIS TOI=S E)PIXEIRH/MASIN W(S W)|H/QH DIE-LE/GCAS TO\N *PLA/TWNA O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ A)PODEI/CAS MH\ OU)=SAN O(LO/THTA TO\N *TA/RTARON, TRE/PETAI KAI\ E)PI\ *DHMO/KRITON KAI\ DIELE/GXEI KAI\ TH\N TOU/TOU U(PO/-QESIN, E)PEIDH\ GA\R O( *DHMO/KRITOS E)NANTI/WS TOI=S POLLOI=S U(PETI/QETO PERI\ QA-LA/TTHS: PA/NTWN GA\R LEGO/NTWN, O(/TI EI) A)I/DION TO\ PA=N, A)I/DIO/S E)STI KAI\ H( QA/LASSA ME/ROS OU)=SA TOU= PANTO/S, EI) DE\ FQARTO\N TOU=TO, FQARTH\ KAI\ H( QA/LASSA [1O(/QEN KAI\ A)PORI/A E)NTEU=QEN LU/ETAI H( LE/GOUSA *SWKRA/THN ME/ROS EI)=NAI TOU= PANTO/S: EI) OU)=N TO\ PA=N A)/FQARTON, KAI\ *SWKRA/THS E)/STAI A)/FQARTOS: TA\ GA\R ME/RH TOU= PANTO\S A)/FQARTA/ E)STI KAI\ AU)TA/. *SWKRA/THS D' OU) ME/ROS PANTO/S, A)LL' A)POTE/LESMA, W(/SPER TH=S MHTRO\S TO\ E)/MBRUON A)POTE/LESMA, A)LL' OU)XI\ ME/-ROS, KAI\ OI( KARPOI\ TW=N FUTW=N A)POTELE/SMATA, OU) ME/RH]1, A)LL' O(/MWS PA/NTWN TOU=TO LEGO/NTWN MO/NOS *DHMO/KRITOS PA=SIN A)NTHXEI= FA/SKWN: "3EI) KAI\ A)/FQARTO/N E)STI TO\ PA=N, FQARTH\ D' O(/MWS H( QA/LASSA."3 TOU=TO D' E)/LEGEN A)PATW/MENOS E)K TOU= O(RA=N AU)TO\N O(SHME/RAI TH\N QA/LASSAN H)PEIROUME/NHN KAI\ TOU\S PRW/HN U(GROU\S TO/POUS CHRAINOME/NOUS DIA\ TO\ PROSEXW=S GEGONE/NAI TO\N E)PI\ *DEUKALI/-WNOS KATAKLUSMO/N [1META\ GA\R TO\N KATAKLUSMO\N LOIPO\N H( GH= METABA/LLOUSA E)PI\ TO\ CHRO/TERON H( PRW/HN U(GRA\ KAI\ TEQALASSWME/NH GI/NETAI CHRA/]1, W(S EI) H)=N PROSEXW=S O( *(HRAKLEI/TEIOS GEGENHME/NOS E)MPURISMO/S, E)/LEGEN O( *DHMO/KRITOS TH\N CHRA\N GH=N METABA/LLESQAI EI)S QA/LASSAN KAI\ OU) TH\N QA/LASSAN FQEI/RE-SQAI. AU(/TH ME\N H( TOU= *DHMOKRI/TOU U(PO/QESIS: U(PANTA=| DE\ PRO\S AU)TH\N O( FILO/SOFOS DIA\ TRIW=N E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, W(=N TO\ PRW=TON TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: TI/ DH/POTE, W)= *DHMO/KRITE, ME/XRI NU=N U(PE/QOU U(POMEI=NAI TH\N QA/LASSAN E)N TW=| A)PEI/RW| XRO/NW|, A)PO\ DE\ TOU= NU=N FQARTH\N LE/GEIS EI)S TO\N A)/PEIRON DIA-ME/NEIN AU)TH\N XRO/NON; KAI/TOI E)/DEI E)NNOEI=N, O(/TI DIA\ TA\S AI)TI/AS, [2DI']2 A(\S ME/XRI NU=N MEME/NHKE MH\ FQAREI=SA, DIA\ TAU/TAS KAI\ DIAMENEI=. EI)/TE GA\R DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI AU)TH\N A)PEIRODU/NAMON ME/XRI NU=N DIAMEME/NHKE TW=| A)PEI/RW| XRO/NW|, DI' AU)TO\ PA/LIN KAI\ DIAMENEI= EI)S TO\N E(CH=S A)/PEIRON XRO/NON: EI)/TE DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI BARU\ TO\ U(/DWR KAI\ A(LMURO\N ME/XRI TOU= NU=N MEME/NHKE, KAI\ EI)S TO\N E(CH=S A)/PEIRON XRO/NON DIA\ TO\ AU)TO\ DIAMENEI=. TOU=TO PRW=TON. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: E)XRH=N SE GA\R E)NNOEI=N, W)= *DHMO/KRITE, O(/TI TO\ E)CATMIZO/MENON U(/DWR A)NTI-KATARREI= PA/LIN KAI\ OU)X W(/S FASI/ TINES A)NALI/SKETAI TOU=TO EI)S TH\N TROFH\N TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ TW=N A)STE/RWN. EI) OU)=N TOU=TO PA/LIN A)NTIKATARREI= KAI\ OU)DE\N E)LATTOU=TAI, PW=S FH\|S TAU/THN TW=| A)PEI/RW| XRO/NW| E)KLIMPA/NEIN; TRI/TON E)PI-XEI/RHMA: OU) GA\R W(S SU\ FH/|S, W)= *DHMO/KRITE, EI) KAI\ A)/FQARTO/N E)STI TO\ PA=N, @1 [2FQARTH\ O(/MWS H( QA/LASSA]2, A)LL' OU)=N TOU)NANTI/ON: EI)/TE A)/FQARTON EI)/TE FQAR-TO/N E)STI TO\ PA=N, A)/FQARTOS DIAMENEI= H( QA/LASSA. AU)TI/KA OU)=N O( H(/LIOS EI) ME\N A)/FQARTOS EI)/H, EI)KO/TWS H( QA/LASSA A)/FQARTOS E)/STAI: O(\ GA\R E)N TW=| QE/REI E)C AU)TH=S A)NH/RPASE BOREIO/TEROS GEGONW/S, TOSOU=TON PA/LIN A)PODI/DWSI KAI\ E)N TW=| XEIMERINW=| NOTIW/TEROS A)POKATASTA/S. A)LLA\ MH\N EI) KAI\ FQARTO\S O( H(/LIOS EI)/H, A)LL' O(/MWS H( QA/LASSA MENEI= A)/FQARTOS DIA\ TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI TO\ E)CATMI/ZON. TOU/TOIS ME\N OU)=N TOI=S LO/GOIS O( FILO/SOFOS E)NI/STATAI PRO\S *PLA/-TWNA/ TE KAI\ *DHMO/KRITON. FE/RE DE\ H(MEI=S U(PE\R TOU/TOU A)POLOGHSW/MEQA DEI/CANTES, O(/TI OU) KALW=S *)ARISTOTE/LHS KATADROMH=| KATA\ TOU/TWN E)XRH/SATO. MA=LLON D' OU) TOU/TOIS E)NANTIOU=TAI, A)LLA\ TOI=S KAKW=S TA\ PAR' AU)TW=N LEGO/-MENA DIALAMBA/NOUSIN. OU) GA\R W(S SU\ FH/|S, W)= DAIMO/NIE FAME\N *)ARISTO/-TELES, O( *PLA/TWN O(LO/THTA TOU= U(/DATOS E)/LEGEN O)/NTA TO\N *TA/RTARON, A)LLA\ TOU=TO E)/LEGE MUQIKW=S: OU) XRH\ OU)=N TA\ MUQIKW=S LEGO/MENA FUSIKW=S E)KLAMBA/-NEIN, A)LLA\ TAU=TA E)/LEGEN O( *PLA/TWN A)/LLA TINA\ AI)NITTO/MENOS. A)PODEI/CAS GA\R AU)TO\S E)N TW=| *FAI/DWNI DIA\ PE/NTE E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN A)QA/NATON OU)=SAN TH\N YUXH\N KAI\ EI)RHKW/S, O(/TI EI) ME\N QNHTH\ U(PH=RXEN, E)XRH=N MA=LLON SWMASKI/AS E)PIME-LEI=SQAI KAI\ U(GEI/AS PRO\S TO\ MAKRA\ BIW=NAI, OU) MO/NON DE\ TOU/TOU, A)LLA\ KAI\ PLOU/TOU KAI\ DO/CHS KAI\ TW=N A)/LLWN H(DONW=N: EI) DE\ A)QA/NATO/S E)STI, TOU/TOIS ME\N KATA\ PA/RODON XRH=SQAI W(/SPER PANDOXEI/W| PARIO/NTA, DU/O DE/ TINWN E)PI-MELEI=SQAI, H)\ TOU= O(MOIWQH=NAI QEW=| KATA\ TO\ DUNATO\N A)NQRW/POIS H)\ TOU= DI/-KAS MH\ U(POSXEI=N. E)NTEU=QEN DIA\ TOU= U(POSXEI=N DI/KAS E)MNHMO/NEUSE TW=N KAQ' *(/AIDOU DIKAIWTHRI/WN W(/SPER NE/KUIA/N TINA SUGGRAYA/MENOS. OU) MO/NON DE\ TAU/THN SUNEGRA/YATO, A)LLA\ KAI\ A)/LLAS DU/O, W(S EI)=NAI PA/SAS TREI=S [E)N TH=| *POLITEI/A|] DIAFEROU/SAS A)LLH/LWN. H( ME\N GA\R E)N *GORGI/A| GEGRAMME/NH PERI\ TOU= DIKA/ZONTOS KAQ' *(/AIDOU TA\S YUXA\S PERIE/XEI: EI)SFE/REI GA\R E)KEI=SE *(RA-DA/MANQUN, *AI)AKO/N TE KAI\ *MI/NWA DI/KAS EI)SPRA/TTONTAS TA\S KAQ' *(/AIDOU YU-XA/S, *(RADA/MANQUN ME\N TOU\S A)PO\ TH=S *)ASI/AS, *AI)AKO\N DE\ TOU\S A)PO\ TH=S *EU)RW/PHS [1*AI)GINH/THS GA\R H)=N, *AI)/GINA DE\ TH=S *EU)RW/PHS]1, *MI/NWA DE\ KAI\ DI-KASTH\N A)DE/KASTON KATATA/TTEI, W(S PRE/PEI NOMOQE/TH|. E)N DE\ TW=| *FAI/DWNI GRA/FWN NE/KUIAN DIALE/GETAI PERI\ TW=N DIKASTIKW=N TO/PWN KAI\ PARADI/DWSI TO\N *TA/RTARON KAI\ *PURIFLEGE/QONTA, *KWKUTO/N TE KAI\ *)AXE/RONTA, OI(/TINES E)C AU)-TW=N PROE/RXONTAI, W(S EI)=NAI TO\N *TA/RTARON OU)X U(/DATOS O(LO/THTA, A)LLA\ TW=N DIKASTIKW=N TO/PWN. H( D' E)N TH=| *POLITEI/A| NE/KUIA PERIE/XEI PERI\ TW=N DIKA-ZOME/NWN: EI)SA/GEI GA\R E)KEI=SE TO\N *)/ERIDON POLLA\ A(MARTH/SANTA KAI\ U(PE\R TOU/TOU EU)QU/NAS A)PAITOU/MENON. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N E)N TW=| *FAI/DWNI PARATI/QETAI/ TINAS TO/POUS KOLASTIKOU\S PRO\S TA\S DIAFORA\S TW=N A(MARTHMA/TWN_TA\S ME\N GA\R A)NI/ATA A(MARTANOU/SAS YUXA\S EI)S TO\N *TA/RTARON KATATA/TTEI, E)/NQA EI)SI\ KAI\ @1 A)I/DIOI AI( KOLA/SEIS, TA\S DE\ DUSI/ATA A(MARTANOU/SAS, EI) ME\N DIA\ QUMO/N, TOUT-E/STIN E)C A)NA/GKHS KAI\ MH\ PROBOULEUSAME/NAS, EI)S TO\N *PURIFLEGE/QONTA, TA\S DE\ MH\ DIA\ QUMO/N, A)LL' E)K PROBOULEU/SEWS A(MARTHSA/SAS, TAU/TAS D' EI)S TO\N *KWKUTO\N W(S A)\N E)PITATIKWTE/RAS OU)/SHS E)KEI= TH=S KOLA/SEWS. A)/MEINON GA\R H)=N %2%2%2 [2{1<20*TO\ DE\ ZHTEI=N TH\N A)RXAI/AN A)PORI/AN, DIA\ TI/ TOSOU=TON PLH=QOS U(/DATOS OU)DAMOU= FAI/NETAI.]2>20}1 @*(H PRW/TH A)PORI/A E)STI\N AU(/TH H( LE/GOUSA: TI/ DH/POTE MH\ FAI/NETAI PLHQUNOME/NH H( QA/LASSA KAI/TOI PA/NTWN TW=N POTAMW=N EI)S AU)TH\N EI)SBALLO/NTWN; {1<20*TO\ GA\R AU)TO\ PLH=QOS U(/DATOS EI)S PLA/TOS DIATAQE/N.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( E)PI/LUSIS TH=S A)PORI/AS, O(/TI DIA\ TO\ E)KTETA/SQAI PERI\ TO\ PLA/TOS TH=S QALA/SSHS TO\ U(/DWR POLU\ A)P' AU)TH=S DIAFOREI= AU)TH\N KAQ' H(ME/-RAN A)/NWQEN ME\N U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU E)CATMIZOME/NHN, KA/TWQEN D' U(PO\ TH=S GH=S A)NAPINOME/NHN. DIA\ OU)=N TH\N POLLH\N AU)TH=S DIAFO/RHSIN OU)X O(RA=TAI PLH/-QOUSA, EI) KAI\ PA/NTES OI( POTAMOI\ EI)S AU)TH\N E)MBA/LLOUSIN. {1<20*TO\ D' E)N TW=| *FAI/DWNI GEGRAMME/NON PERI/ TE POTAMW=N KAI\ QALA/TTHS A)DU/NATON.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN E)PEIDH\ H)/|SQETO TOU= *PLA/TWNOS E)NANTIOUME/NOU AU)TW=| TOU= MH\ EI)=NAI TH\N QA/LATTAN O(LO/THTA, A)LLA\ TO\N *TA/RTARON, PEIRA=TAI AU)TO\S A)NATRE/PEIN AU)TO/N, A)LLA\ PRW=TON TH\N I(STORI/AN AU)TOU= TOU= *PLA/TWNOS PARATI/QETAI. {1<20*LE/GETAI GA/R, W(S A(/PANTA ME\N EI)S A)/LLHLA SUNTE/TRHTAI U(PO\ GH=N.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( I(STORI/A TOU= *PLATWNIKOU= MU/QOU. FHSI\ GA/R, O(/TI PA/NTA E)/XEI PO/ROUS TINA\S U(PO\ GH=N TETRHME/NOUS, DI' W(=N A)FIKNOU=NTAI EI)S TO\N *TA/R-TARON: W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI PRO\S O(LO/THTA XWROU=SIN. {1<20*)ARXH\ DE\ PA/NTWN EI)/H KAI\ PHGH\ TOU= U(/DATOS O( KALOU/-MENOS *TA/RTAROS PERI\ TO\ ME/SON TH=S GH=S U(/DATO/S TI PLH=QOS.>20}1 @*(/ORA, PW=S O( *PLA/TWN U(POTI/QETAI PERI\ TO\ ME/SON TH=S GH=S, TOUTE/STI TO\ KE/NTRON, EI)LEI=SQAI TO\N *TA/RTARON. @1 {1<20*)EC OU(= TA\ R(E/ONTA KAI\ MH\ R(E/ONTA A)NADI/DWSI PA/NTA.>20}1 @*)APO\ GA\R TOU= *TARTA/ROU, FHSI/, KAI\ TA\ R(E/ONTA U(/DATA, TOUTE/STIN AI( PH-GAI\ KAI\ OI( POTAMOI/, KAI\ MH\ R(E/ONTA, TOUTE/STIN H( QA/LASSA, A)NADI/DONTAI KAI\ PA/LIN EI)S AU)TO\ XWROU=SIN W(/SPER EI)S O(LO/THTA. H(MEI=S DE\ TOU=TO KAI\ H)QIKW=S KAI\ FUSIKW=S A)NEPTU/CAMEN. H)QIKW=S ME/N, O(/TI O( *TA/RTAROS TO/POS E)STI\ DIKA-STIKO/S, E)C OU(= EI)SIN A(/PANTES OI( DIKASTIKOI\ TO/POI, *KWKUTO/S, *)AXE/RWN, *PURI-FLEGE/QWN, EI)S OU(\S E)MBA/LLONTAI AI( YUXAI\ KATA\ TA\S DIAFORA\S TW=N A(MARTA/-DWN, AI( ME\N A)IDI/WS KOLASQHSO/MENAI DIA\ TO\ A)NI/ATA H(MARTHKE/NAI E)N TW=| *TARTA/RW|. PLH\N EI) KAI\ LE/GW A)IDI/WS, MH\ DH\ NOMI/SH|S, O(/TI EI)S A)PEI/ROUS AI)-W=NAS KOLA/ZETAI H( YUXH\ E)N TW=| *TARTA/RW| [1EU)= GE OU) DIA\ MH=NIN TOU= QEI/OU KO-LA/ZETAI H( YUXH/, A)LL' I)ATREI/AS XA/RIN]1, A)LL' AI)WNI/WS FAME\N KOLA/ZESQAI TH\N YUXH\N AI)W=NA KALOU=NTES TO\N AU)TH=S BI/ON KAI\ TH\N MERIKH\N AU)TH=S PERI/-ODON. TW=| GA\R O)/NTI TA\ ME/GISTA PLHMMELH/SASAI YUXAI\ OU)K A)RKOU=NTAI MIA=| PERIO/DW| KAQARQH=NAI, A)LL' EI)SI\N E)N TW=| BI/W| DIHNEKW=S W(/SPER E)N TW=| *TAR-TA/RW|, H(\N PERI/ODON AI)W=NA E)KA/LESEN O( *PLA/TWN. XRH\ DE\ KAI\ TOU=TO MH\ A)GNOEI=N, O(/TI E(/TERO/N E)STIN AI)W/NION KAI\ E(/TERON TO\ A)I/DION. TO\ GA\R AI)W/NIO/N E)STI TO\ O(/LON, W(S O(/LON NU=N TO\ E)STERHME/NON PARELHLUQO/TOS XRO/NOU KAI\ ME/LLONTOS, O(/LON D' E)N TW=| KAQESTW=TI NU=N U(PA/RXON: A)I/DION D' E)STI/N, O(\ KAI\ AU)TO\ ME\N A)EI\ U(PA/RXEI, E)N DE\ TOI=S TRISI\ XRO/NOIS QEWROU/MENON. O(/QEN AI)-W/NION ME\N LE/GOMEN TO\N QEO\N DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)N XRO/NW| TO\ EI)=NAI E)/XEIN, A)LLA\ PA/NTA XRO/NON KAI\ E)NESTW=TA KAI\ PARW|XHKO/TA KAI\ ME/LLONTA W(S NU=N E)/XEIN AU)TO/N [1AU(/TH GA\R H( FU/SIS TOU= AI)WNI/OU]1: A)I/DION D' OU) LE/GOMEN, E)PEIDH\ OU)/T' E)N XRO/NW| E)/XEI TO\ EI)=NAI. A)LL' EI) A)/RA, TH\N U(/LHN A)I/DION R(HTE/ON W(S E)N XRO/NW| EI)DOPOIOUME/NHN KAI\ PA/LIN A)/LLA EI)/DH PROSLAMBA/NOUSAN TW=N PRW/TWN FQARE/NTWN. O(/QEN OU) MO/NON H)QIKW=S TO\N *TA/RTARON E)CHGHSA/MEQA, A)LLA\ KAI\ FUSIKW=S FH/SANTES, O(/TI *TA/RTARO/S E)STIN U(/LH DIA\ TH\N E)NOU=SAN AU)TW=| TARAXH\N KAI\ STA/SIN TW=N E)NANTI/WN. {1<20*TH\N D' E)PI/RRUSIN POIEI=N E)F' E(KA/STW| TOU= R(EU/MATOS DIA\ TO\ SALEU/EIN A)EI\ TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TH\N A)RXH/N.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI O( *TA/RTAROS STA/SIN MH\ E)/XWN, A)LLA\ SALEUO/MENOS A)PO\ TO/POU E)PI\ TO/PON PE/RIC TOU= KE/NTROU POIEI= TA\S PROXOA\S TW=N POTAMW=N KAI\ PA/NTWN TW=N U(PE\R GH=N U(DA/TWN. O(/QEN POLLA/KIS [2E)N]2 E(NI\ ME/REI GENO/MENOS TOU= KE/NTROU H)\ E)K TOU= DIAME/TROU TIS POTAMO\S EI)S AU)TO\N PARH=LQEN, I(/NA E)/LQH| PRO\S TO\N *TA/RTARON: O(/QEN KAI\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW A)FIKNEI=SQAI TO\ PRO\S AU)TO\N E)RXO/MENON U(/DWR EI)=PEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, KA/TW ME\N ME/XRI TOU= KE/NTROU, A)/NW D' A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU E)PI\ TO\N *TA/RTARON, O(/PER E)STI\N A)/TOPON. @1 {1<20*OU)K E)/XEIN GA\R E(/DRAN, A)LL' A)EI\ PERI\ TO\ ME/SON EI)LEI=SQAI.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ E)NTAU=QA SAFW=S U(POTI/QETAI O( *PLA/TWN [TO\N *TA/RTARON] MH\ SUN-EXH= EI)=NAI TH\N KURTO/THTA TOU= *TARTA/ROU TH=| KOILO/THTI TH=S GH=S, A)LL' EI)=NAI ME\N A)NERMA/TISTON DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)REI/DEIN E)N TH=| GH=|, E)/XEIN DE\ BA/SIN TO\ KE/NTRON. {1<20*KINOU/MENON DE\ A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW POIEI=N TH\N E)PI/XUSIN TOI=S R(EU/MASIN.>20}1 @*OU(/TW KAI\ PRW=TON EI)/RHTAI, O(/TI TH=|DE KA)KEI=SE KUKW/MENOS O( *TA/RTAROS POIEI= TA\S PROXOA\S TW=N POTAMW=N KAI\ TH=S QALA/SSHS: A)LLA\ TAU=TA ME\N H)QI-KW=S E)KLHPTE/ON, E)/STW DE\ PARA/DEIGMA TO\ LEGO/MENON TOIOU=TON. {1<20*PA/NTA ME\N KU/KLW| PERIA/GEIN EI)S TH\N A)RXH/N, O(/QEN H)/RCATO R(EI=N.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI TW=N POTAMW=N TW=N A)PO\ TOU= *TARTA/ROU PROI+O/NTWN U(PE\R GH=S % TO\ PA=N POLLAXO/QI TH=S GH=S PA/LIN EI)=Q' OU(/TWS TOU)/MPALIN EI)S TO\N *TA/R-TARON XWROU=SIN, O(/QEN AU)TOI=S KAI\ H( A)RXH\ TH=S R(U/SEWS DE/DOTAI. {1<20*POLLA\ ME\N KATA\ TO\N AU)TO\N TO/PON, TA\ DE\ KATANTIKRU\S TI/QHSI TH=S E)KROH=S, OI(=ON EI) R(EI=N H)/RCATO KA/TWQEN, A)/NWQEN EI)S-BA/LLOUSIN.>20}1 @*OU(=TOI, FHSI/N, OI( POTAMOI\ A)PO\ TOU= *TARTA/ROU E)KDIDO/MENOI, OI( ME\N AU)-TW=N E)PI\ BRAXU\ MO/NON PROI+O/NTES PA/LIN U(PONOSTOU=SIN EI)S AU)TO\N DIA\ TOU= AU)TOU= TO/-POU, O(/QEN KAI\ PROH=LQON: OI( D' E)PI\ MH/KISTON PROI+O/NTES OU)KE/TI DIA\ TOU= AU)-TOU= TO/POU U(PONOSTOU=SIN, O(/QEN KAI\ PROH=LQON, A)LLA\ PA/LIN POIH/SANTES PERI/-ODON KATA\ TO\ DIA/METRON TH=S PROELEU/SEWS AU)TW=N EI)SBA/LLOUSIN EI)S TO\N *TA/R-TARON. % E)PEI\ DE\ TOU=TO H)QIKW=S KAI\ FUSIKW=S: H)QIKW=S ME/N, O(/TI DIA\ ME\N TOU= E)P' O)LI/GON PROI+O/NTOS [TOU=] POTAMOU= KAI\ PALINDROMOU=NTOS DIA\ TH=S AU)TH=S POREI/AS AI)NI/TTETAI TA\S YUXA/S, AI(/TINES DUSI/ATA A(MARTH/SASAI H)\ KAI\ A)NI/ATA OU)D' E)P' O)LI/GON A)NAXWROU=SI TH=S GENE/SEWS, TOUTE/STI TOU= *TARTA/ROU, H(/TIS GE/-NESIS A)NTI\ KOLA/SEWS AU)TAI=S DE/DOTAI, I(/NA KAQARQW=SIN. A)LL' EI) KAI\ DO/COUSI @1 A)NAXWREI=N DIA\ TH=S SW/MATOS LU/SEWS, PA/LIN DIA\ TOU= AU)TOU= A)NQUPOSTRE/FOUSIN EI)S TH\N GE/NESIN E)N SW/MATI OU)=SAI. AI( DE\ EU)I/ATA A(MARTH/SASAI YUXAI/, AI(=S OU) PA/NU PROSFILH/S E)STIN O( *TA/RTAROS, TOUTE/STIN H( GE/NESIS, META\ TO\ AU)TA\S PROELQEI=N OU)K EU)QE/WS EI)S AU)TO\N E)PEI/GONTAI, A)LLA\ XRO/NOUS TINA\S MAKROU\S KAI\ BI/OUS E)KTO\S MEI/NASAI TH=S GENE/SEWS, KATA/ TINA PA/LIN PERI/ODON E)/RXONTAI E)N TH=| GENE/SEI XA/RIN TOU= TA\ PROHMARTHME/NA KAQARQH=NAI. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N H)QIKW=S. FUSIKW=S D' OU(/TWS: I)STE/ON D' O(/TI TOU= FUSIKOU= H( FQORA\ GI/NETAI H)\ DIA\ TH\N E)NOU=SAN A)SQE/NEIAN TW=| FQEIROME/NW|, W(/SPER LUXNIAI/AS FLOGO/S [1AU(/TH GA\R DIA\ TH\N E)/LLEIYIN TH=S TROFH=S E)CASQENH/SASA SBE/NNUTAI]1 H)\ DIA\ TH\N TOU= E)NANTI/OU E)PIKRA/TEIAN. E)NTAU=QA OU)=N DIA\ ME\N TW=N POTAMW=N TW=N EU)QU\S PALINDROMOU/NTWN E)SH/MANE TH\N A)F' E(AUTOU= FQORA\N TOU= FUSIKOU=, DIA\ DE\ TOU= E)NANTI/OU EI)SBA/LLONTOS EI)S TO\N *TA/RTARON POTAMOU= E)DH/LWSE TH\N E)K TW=N E)N-ANTI/WN FQORA/N. {1<20*TOU\S DE\ XUMOU\S KAI\ XROIA\S I)/SXEIN TO\ U(/DWR DI' OI(/AS A)\N TU/XWSI R(E/ONTA TH=S GH=S.>20}1 @*(/WS TINOS A)PORH/SANTOS "3O(/PWS FH/|S, W)= *PLA/TWN, PA/NTA TAU=TA TA\ U(/DATA R(EI=N E)K TOU= *TARTA/ROU, O(PO/TE TA\ ME\N AU)TW=N E)STIN A(LMURA/, TA\ DE\ QEIW/DH, TA\ D' A)SFALTW/DH, TA\ DE\ PO/TIMA; E)XRH=N GA\R PA=N U(/DWR O(MOIOMERE\S EI)=NAI, EI)/PER A)F' E(NO\S R(E/OUSI TO/POU"3 AU)TO\S E)PH/GAGEN, O(/TI PA=N ME\N U(/DWR E)K TOU= *TARTA/ROU PROI+O\N O(MOIOMERE\S U(PA/RXEI, A)LLA\ LOIPO\N PRO\S TH\N KRA=SIN TH=S U(POKEIME/NHS GH=S METABA/LLONTES E)KRE/OUSI. SU\ DE\ PA/LIN GNW=QI TA\S YUXA/S, AI(/TINES PRO\S TH\N U(POKEIME/NHN KRA=SIN TOU= SW/MATOS METABA/LLONTAI, E)PA\N MH\ E)/XWSI TO\N H(NIOXOU=NTA LO/GON: LO/GOU GA\R O)/NTOS OU)X U(PEI/KEI H( YUXH\ TH=| TOU= SW/MATOS KRA/SEI. {1<20*SUMBAI/NEI DE\ TOU\S POTAMOU\S OU)K E)N AU)TW=| A)EI\ R(EI=N.>20}1 @*ME/XRI TOU= E)NTAU=QA O( *PLATWNIKO\S PARE/DRAME MU=QOS. LOIPO\N TOU=TO PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN O( *TA/RTAROS O(LO/THS TOU= U(/DATOS, E)PEI\ TH\N E)NANTI/AN KI/NHSIN KINHQH/SETAI PA=N U(/DWR EI)S AU)TO\N E)RXO/MENON, O(/PER A)/TOPON. {1<20*)/ETI GINO/MENON U(/DWR KAI\ TO\ PA/LIN A)NAGO/MENON PO/QEN E)/STAI.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI OU)X O(/SON EI)SREI= EI)S TO\N *TA/R-TARON, A)EI\ TOSOU=TON KAI\ E)KREI=. EI) GA\R TOU=TO H)=N, KAI\ QE/ROUS KAI\ XEIMW=NOS @1 TO\ A)NAGO/MENON U(/DWR E)/DEI PA/LIN O(MOI/WS KATAFE/RESQAI KAI\ PA/LIN O(MOI/WS A)NA/GESQAI KAI\ OU) POTE\ ME\N POLU\ A)NA/GESQAI, E)LA/XISTON DE\ KATA/GESQAI, W(/SPER E)N TW=| QE/REI, OU)/TE TO\ E)NANTI/ON, W(/SPER E)N TW=| XEIMW=NI. {1<20*KAI/TOI PA/NTES OI( POTAMOI\ FAI/NONTAI TELEUTW=NTES EI)S TH\N QA/LASSAN.>20}1 @*TO\ TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: OU)DEI\S PW/POTE E)QEA/SATO XAOU/MENON POTAMO\N EI)S TO\N *TA/RTARON [1A)LLA\ KA)\N A)NAPOQH=|, PA/LIN A)NAFAI/NETAI]1, PA/NTAS DE\ EI)S TH\N QA/LATTAN XWROU=NTAS H)\ A)/NTIKRUS H)\ DIA\ ME/SOU POTAMW=N MEGA/LWN, W(S R(EI=N H)\ E)K MIA=S GH=S H)\ E)K DU/O, E)C W(=N U(PA/RXOUSIN OI( SUMMIGE/NTES. O(/QEN O( *)/ISTROS KAI\ O( *NEI=LOS ME/GISTOI/ EI)SI DIA\ TO\ A)/LLOUS POTAMOU\S SUMMI/GNUSQAI AU)TOI=S KAI\ R(EI=N EI)S TH\N QA/LASSAN, OU)K EI)S TO\N *TA/RTARON: OU)K A)/RA O(LO/THS O( *TA/RTAROS. {1<20*)/ALLWS TE KAI\ QALA/TTHS E)KEI=QEN TH\N A)RXH\N E)XOU/SHS.>20}1 @*PROSUPA/KOUSON SU/: "3E)/DEI AU)TH/N POTE A)NAPI/NESQAI TH=S OI)KEI/AS O(LO/THTOS E)FIEME/NHN"3, KAI\ POIEI=S TO\ TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA. {1<20*(/OTI ME\N OU)=N U(/DATOS TO/POS E)STI\ KAI\ OU) QALA/TTHS.>20}1 @*)ELE/GCAS TO\ EI)=NAI TO\N *TA/RTARON O(LO/THTA KATASKEUA/ZEI TH\N QA/LASSAN EI)=NAI O(LO/THTA DIA\ TOU= PRW/HN EI)RHME/NOU, O(/TI O( U(POKEI/MENOS AU)TH=| TO/POS PANTO\S U(/DATOS A(PLW=S E)STI DEKTIKO/S, OU) QALA/TTHS MO/NHS. {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS AU)TH=S LEKTE/ON, KAI\ PO/TERON A)EI/ E)STIN AU)TH\ H)\ OU)/TE H)=N OU)/T' E)/STAI.>20}1 @*TOU=TO E(/PETAI PRO\S *DHMO/KRITON FQARTH\N U(POTIQE/MENON TH\N QA/LATTAN. TOU=TO GA\R SHMAI/NEI <20H)\ OU)/TE H)=N OU)/T' E)/STAI,>20 TOUTE/STIN "3A)LLA\ FQARH/SETAI"3. {1<20*TO\ DE\ NOMI/ZEIN E)/LATTON GI/NESQAI TO\ PLH=QOS.>20}1 @*TH\N A)PA/THN TH\N *DHMOKRI/TOU LE/GEI, O(/TI QEWRW=N KATA/ TINA ME/RH AU)-TH=S H)PEIROUME/NHN E)/DOCE/ POTE KAI\ PA=SAN AU)TH\N CHRAI/NESQAI. {1<20*TOI=S DE\ TH\N A)LH/QEIAN ZHTOU=SIN H(=TTON.>20}1 @*KALW=S EI)=PEN, O(/TI TOI=S FILOSO/FOIS A)RKEI= TO\ <20H(=TTON>20 QUMOU=SQAI, OU) TO\ MHD' @1 O(/LWS QUMOU=SQAI: TW=| ME\N GA\R QEI/W| PRE/PEI H( A)PA/QEIA, TOI=S DE\ FILOSO/FOIS A)RKETH\ KAI\ H( METRIOPA/QEIA. {1<20*EI)/TE DIA\ BA/ROS ... EI)/TE DI' A)/LLO TI.>20}1 @<20*)/ALLO TI>20 EI)=PE DIA\ TO\ A)PEIRODU/NAMON. KAI\ E)/XEIS TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/-RHMA, O(/TI DI' A(\S AI)TI/AS ME/XRI NU=N MEME/NHKE, DIA\ TA\S AU)TA\S AI)TI/AS KAI\ MENEI=. {1<20*)\H GA\R LEKTE/ON AU)TOI=S, O(/TI OU)DE\ TO\ A)NENEXQE\N U(/DWR.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI OU) FQARH/SETAI TOU= A)NIO/NTOS A)P' AU)TH=S U(/DATOS PA/LIN A)NTIKATARRE/ONTOS EI)S AU)TH/N. {1<20*EI) ME\N OU)=N TO\N H(/LION PAU/SEI TIS TH=S FORA=S.>20}1 @*TO\ TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI EI)/TE FQARTO\S O( H(/LIOS EI)/TE A)/FQARTOS, KU/KLON A)NAGKAI=ON A)EI\ BADI/ZEIN: A)PO\ GA\R U(GROU= CHRO\N KAI\ A)PO\ CHROU= U(GRO/N, W(S A)PO\ SPE/RMATOS SPE/RMA. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS TOI=S ME\N A(/PAC GENNH/SASI KAI\ O(/LWS AU)TH\N GENNW=SIN A)DU/NATON A(LMURA\N POIEI=N.>20}1 @*DIDA/CAS H(MA=S O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI O(LO/THS E)STI\N H( QA/LASSA TOU= PANTO\S U(/DATOS, SUNHGORIKW=S TE KAI\ A)NTILOGIKW=S [1SUNHGORIKW=S ME\N DIA\ TW=N TESSA/RWN E)KEI/NWN E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, E(NO\S ME\N TOU= LE/GONTOS, O(/TI A)POKLHRWTIKO\S E)/STAI O( LO/GOS TW=N A)/LLWN STOIXEI/WN E)XO/NTWN O(LO/THTAS TO\ U(/DWR MH\ E)/XEIN, E(TE/ROU DE\ TOU= LE/GONTOS, O(/TI OI( POTAMOI\ SPEU/DOUSIN EI)S TH\N QA/LATTAN E)FIE/MENOI TAU/-THS W(S OI)KEI/AS O(LO/THTOS, A)/LLOU DE\ TOU= LE/GONTOS, O(/TI O( U(POKEI/MENOS TH=| QALA/SSH| TO/POS DEKTIKO/S E)STI PANTO\S U(/DATOS, KAI\ TE/TARTON, O(/TI TO\N PA/NTWN KOILO/TATON E)PE/XEI TO/PON: A)NTILOGIKW=S DE\ DIA\ TOU= DEI=CAI TO\N *TA/RTARON MH\ O)/NTA O(LO/THTA U(/DATOS KAI\ DIA\ TOU= DEI=CAI, O(/TI A(PLH= E)STIN H( QA/LASSA KAI\ OU) SU/NQETOS: PRE/PEI GA\R TAI=S O(LO/THSI TO\ A(PLA=S EI)=NAI]1 NU=N KAI\ E)PI\ TO\ DEU/TERON METE/RXETAI PRO/BLHMA TO\ LE/GON, TI/S H( AI)TI/A TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS TH=S QALA/TTHS. KAI\ PRW=TON, W(S E)/QOS AU)TW=|, DIELE/GXEI TW=N FUSIKW=N FILOSO/FWN TA\S PERI\ TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS DO/CAS TE/SSARAS OU)/SAS. OI( ME\N GA\R E)/LEGON, O(/TI A(LMURA\ GI/NETAI H( QA/LASSA, E)PEIDH\ TO\ E)N AU)TH=| LEPTOMERE\S KAI\ PO/TIMON E)CATMI/ZETAI U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU, ME/NEI DE\ TO\ BARU\ KAI\ A(LMURO/N. A)/LLOI DE\ E)/LEGON, O(/TI TOI- @1AU/TH U(PA/RXEI FU/SEI OU)=SA QA/LASSA A(LMURA/: A)/LLOI DE/, O(/TI EI)SBA/LLONTES E)N AU)TH=| POTAMOI\ E)PISU/ROUSIN MEQ' E(AUTW=N GH=N A(LMURA/N, H(/TIS MIGNUME/NH TH=| QALA/TTH| METABA/LLEI TO\ E)N AU)TH=| PO/TIMON EI)S A(LMURO/N. A)/LLOI D' E)/LEGON, W(=N EI(=S U(PH=RXEN *(HRA/KLEITOS, O(/TI I(DRW\S U(PA/RXEI TH=S GH=S H( QA/LASSA KAI\ W(/SPER O( TW=N ZW/|WN I(DRW\S PERI/TTWMA U(PA/RXWN TOU= SW/MATOS A(LMURO/S E)STIN, OU(/TW KAI\ O( TH=S GH=S I(DRW\S PERI/TTWMA TAU/THS U(PA/RXWN A(LMURO\S U(PA/RXEI. KAI\ OU(/TWS E)STI\N H( QA/LASSA A(LMURA/. TAU/TAS DE\ TA\S DO/CAS E)PANALAMBA/NEI NU=N *)ARISTOTE/LHS KAI\ H)/DH TAU/TAS PROAGAGW/N, I(/NA DIELE/GCH| AU)TA/S: A)NWTE/RW GA\R MO/NON TA\S DO/CAS PARH/GAGEN, OU) MH\N KAI\ TO\N E)/LEGXON AU)TW=N, H(MEI=S D' E)/CWQEN KAI\ TOU\S E)LE/GXOUS TINW=N AU)TW=N EI)RH/KAMEN. NU=N DE\ ME/LLWN AU)TA\S DIELE/GXEIN E)PANE/LABE TA\S DO/CAS, EI)=Q' OU(/TWS E)PA/GEI TOU\S E)LE/GXOUS KAI\ E)LE/G-XEI TH\N PRW/THN AU)TW=N LO/GW| KEXRHME/NOS TOIOU/TW|: EI), W(S U(MEI=S FATE, DIA\ TH\N E)CA/TMISIN TOU= H(LI/OU GE/GONEN A(LMURA\ H( QA/LASSA, E)/DEI QE/ROUS ME\N EI)=NAI A(LMURA/N, XEIMW=NOS DE\ GLUKEI=AN, E)PEIDH\ QE/ROUS ME\N GI/NETAI H( E)C-A/TMISIS, XEIMW=NOS DE\ A)NTIKATARREI= TO\ E)CATMISQE\N KAI\ MI/GNUTAI TH=| QALA/SSH| GLUKU\ O)/N. OU) MO/NON DE/, A)LLA\ KAI\ OI( POTAMOI\ GLUKEI=S O)/NTES MI/GNUNTAI AU)TH=|. OU)K E)/DEI OU)=N AU)TH\N EI)=NAI A(LMURA\N A)EI/, A)LLA\ QE/ROUS MO/NON. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N H( LE/CIS. SU\ D' EI)PE\ KAI\ E)/CWQEN A)/LLHN AI)TI/AN, O(/TI KAI\ TOU\S POTAMOU\S E)/DEI A(LMUROU\S EI)=NAI, E)PEIDH/PER KAI\ E)C AU)TW=N GI/NETAI H( E)CA/TMISIS. DEUTE/RAN DO/CAN E)LE/GXEI TH\N LE/GOUSAN, O(/TI FU/SEI TOIAU/TH E)STI\N H( QA/LASSA, LE/GWN, O(/TI AU)TONOMI/A E)STI\ TO\ TOU=TO LE/GEIN, OU)K A)PO/DEICIS: A)/LLWS TE EI) E)C A)RXH=S OU(/TWS H)=N FU/SEI A(LMURA\ H( QA/LASSA, TI/ TO\ AI)/TION, W(/STE PRW=TON ME\N A(LMU-RO\N A)NA/GESQAI TO\ E)CATMIZO/MENON U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU A)P' AU)TH=S, NU=N DE\ GLUKU\ EI)=NAI TO\ A)NAGO/MENON; PRO\S DE\ TH\N TRI/THN TH\N LE/GOUSAN, O(/TI I)LU\S E)K TW=N POTAMW=N MI/GNUTAI TH=| QALA/TTH| E)K DIAFO/RWN TO/PWN A(LMURW=N KAI\ POIEI= AU)-TH\N A(LMURA/N, FHSI/N: O(/TI DEI= OU)=N KAI\ AU)TOU\S TOU\S POTAMOU\S A(LMUROU\S EI)=NAI, EI)/ GE PRW=TON AU)TOI=S E)GKATAMI/GNUTAI H( A(LMURA\ I)LU/S. A)/LLWS TE MA=LLON E)PI-TH/DEIO/N E)STI TO\ O)LI/GON U(/DWR PRO\S TO\ E)K TH=S I)LU/OS POIWQH=NAI H)/PER TO\ POLU/: O)LI/GON DE\ TO\ TW=N POTAMW=N U(/DWR PRO\S TO\ TH=S QALA/TTHS. U(PANTA=| DE\ KAI\ PRO\S TH\N TETA/RTHN U(PO/QESIN TH\N *(HRAKLEI/TEION O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N LE/-GOUSAN, O(/TI I(DRW/S E)STI TH=S GH=S H( QA/LASSA, TO\N TRO/PON TOU=TON: E)PEIDH\ GA/R, FHSI/N, O( I(DRW\S E)N TOI=S ZW/|OIS GINO/MENOS H)\ KAI\ A(PLW=S EI)PEI=N A(/PAN PERI/TTWMA A(LMURO\N GI/NETAI DIA\ DU/O AI)TI/AS, H)\ DIA\ PARE/MPTWSIN A)PE/PTOU TINO\S OU)SI/AS, W(/SPER E)N TH=| DEUTE/RA| PE/YEI [1LE/GW DH\ TOU= H(/PATOS: KAI\ GA\R TW=| OU)/RW| SUNEMPI/PTEI TIS A)/PEPTOS OU)SI/A, H(/TIS E)N TOI=S U(ELI/NOIS A)GGEI/OIS E)MFAI/NETAI U(FISTAME/NH. AU(/TH GA\R POIEI= TO\ PA=N OU)=RON A(LMURO\N DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI AU)TH\N A)/PEPTON: DRAPETEU/OUSA GA\R TO\ QERMO\N SUMMI/GNUTAI TW=| OU)/RW|]1 H)\ DIA\ TO\ E)CATMISQH=NAI TO\ LEPTOMERE\S A)PO\ TH=S U(POKEIME/NHS U(GRO/THTOS KAI\ MEI=NAI TO\ PAXU\ KAI\ GEW=DES W(/SPER E)PI\ TH=S TRI/THS PE/YEWS PERITTW/MATA, LE/GW DH\ I(DRW/TWN [1E)N AU)TOI=S GA\R TO\ ME\N A)ERW=DES E)CATMI/ZETAI KAI\ XWREI= EI)S TA\ @1 MO/RIA TRE/FON AU)TA/, TO\ DE\ PAXUMERE\S A(LMURO\N O)\N POIEI= TOU\S I(DRW=TAS]1, ZH-TH/SWMEN KA)NTAU=QA TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS. MIGNU/MENOI %2%2%2 E)N TOI=S PERITTW/MASI TH=S GH=S, TOUTE/STIN E)N TOI=S I(DRW=SI, GI/NONTAI A(LMUROI/, H)\ E)C-ATMIZOME/NOU A)P' AU)TOU= TOU= LEPTOMEROU=S U(POME/NEI TO\ PAXU\ KAI\ A(LMURO/N, W(S E)PI\ TH=S TRI/THS PE/YEWS E)LE/GOMEN. E)NTAU=QA DE\ TA\S A)/LLAS DU/O DO/CAS E)M-PERIEILH/FAMEN, DIA\ ME\N TOU= E)CATMI/ZESQAI TO\ PERITTO\N TH=S GH=S TH\N LE/GOUSAN, O(/TI E)CATMI/SEI TOU= H(LI/OU GI/NETAI A(LMURA\ H( QA/LASSA: DIA\ DE\ TOU= PAREM-PI/PTEIN OU)SI/AN TINA\ A)/PEPTON TH\N LE/GOUSAN, O(/TI E)PISURO/MENOI I)LU\N A(LMURA\N OI( POTAMOI\ A(LMUROU=SI TH\N QA/LASSAN. ZHTHTE/ON OU)=N, KATA\ POI=ON TRO/PON GI/-NETAI A(LMURA\ DIA\ TO\ PERI/TTWMA TH=S GH=S. A)=RA KATA\ TO\ DEU/TERON, TOUTE/STI DIA\ TH\N E)CA/TMISIN TOU= LEPTOMEROU=S, W(S E)PI\ TH=S TRI/THS PE/YEWS; A)LL' E)/DEI XEIMW=NOS GLUKEI=AN GI/NESQAI TH\N QA/LASSAN W(S A)NTIKATAPEMPOME/NOU PA/LIN GLUKE/OS U(/DATOS [OU) DIA\ TOU=TO MO/NON, A)LLA\ KAI\ DIA\ TO\ MI/GNUSQAI/ TINA A)/PEPTON OU)SI/AN]: A)LL' A)=RA KATA\ TO\ PRW=TON, TOUTE/STIN DIA\ PARE/MPTWSIN A)PE/PTOU TINO\S OU)SI/AS, W(S E)PI\ TH=S DEUTE/RAS PE/YEWS TOU= SW/MATOS; ZHTH/-SWMEN OU)=N, TI/ TO\ PAREMPESO/N, TOUTE/STI TI/S U(PA/RXEI H( A)/PEPTOS GH= H( PAR-EMPI/PTOUSA, H(/TIS A(LMUROI= TH\N QA/LASSAN. H( GH= ME\N OU)K E)/STI DHLONO/TI A)/PEPTOS, A)LL' H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS: AU(/TH GA\R A)NALOGEI= TH=| A)PE/PTW| GH=| W(S LEPTOTA/TH OU)=SA. PRE/PEI GA\R TOI=S A)PE/PTOIS H( LEPTOME/REIA TH=S OU)SI/AS: O(RW=MEN GA/R, O(/TI TA\ PETTO/MENA SUNESTRAMME/NA TUGXA/NOUSI METRI/WS, H( DE\ KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS LEPTOTA/TH E)STI/N. A)LL' EI)/POIS A)/N, O(/SON KATA\ TOU=TON TO\N LO/GON I)/SWS E)/DEI TH\N QA/LATTAN KOUFO/TATON E)/XEIN U(/DWR, E)PEIDH\ MI/GNUTAI AU)TH=| LEPTOMERH\S OU)SI/A, TOUTE/STIN H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS. R(HTE/ON OU)=N, O(/TI O(/SON ME\N KATA\ TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN E)/DEI KOUFO/TATON EI)=NAI AU)TH=S TO\ U(/DWR: A)LL' OU) MO/NON AU)TH=| MI/GNUTAI AU(/TH, A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ LEPTOMERE\S AU)-TH=S E)CATMI/ZETAI. DIA\ ME\N OU)=N TO\ E)CATMI/ZESQAI KAI\ POIEI=N TO\ PAXUMERE\S U(/DWR BARU\ TO\ QALA/TTIO/N E)STIN U(/DWR, DIA\ DE\ TO\ E)PIMI/GNUSQAI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN A(LMURO/N. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, DH=LON. O(RW=MEN GA\R E)N A)/LLOIS U(/DASIN E)PIMIGNUME/NHN TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN, KAI\ O(/MWS OU)K E)/STI PAXE/A KAI\ BA/ROS E)/XONTA DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)CATMI/ZESQAI AU)TW=N TO\ LEPTOMERE/S, OI(=ON W(S E)PI\ TOU= QERINOU= O)/MBROU SPANI/WS GINOME/NOU KAI\ TOU= E)N TH=| *QHBAI/+DI GENO-ME/NOU U(ETOU=: A(LMUROI\ GA/R EI)SIN OU(=TOI DIA\ TO\ A)NAMI/GNUSQAI AU)TOI=S E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)E/RI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN, OU) BAREI=S D' W(/SPER TO\ QALA/TTION U(/DWR DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)CATMI/ZESQAI AU)TW=N TO\ LEPTOMERE/STATON. I)STE/ON GA/R, O(/TI W(/SPER H( A)TMI\S KA/TWQEN OU)=SA E)POI/EI TH\N DRO/SON, E)N DE\ TW=| A)POGEI/W| A)NER-XOME/NH POIEI= TO\N U(ETO\N KAI\ TA\ A)/LLA, OU(/TW KAI\ H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS PERI/GEIOS ME\N OU)=SA A(LMUROI= TH\N QA/LATTAN MIGNUME/NH AU)TH=|, O(/TE KAI\ AI)QA-LW/DHS E)STI\ KAI\ GEW/DHS: A)PO/GEIOS DE\ GINOME/NH A(LMUROI= TO\N U(ETO\N E)N TW=| QE/REI KAI\ O(/TE A)PO/GEIOS MA/LISTA GI/NETAI: SPANI/WS DE\ KAI\ NE/FH SUNE/STH E)N @1 TW=| A)E/RI U(/EIN ME/LLONTA. A)LL' EI) KAI\ LE/GW, O(/TI MI/GNUTAI TH=| QALA/TTH| KAI\ H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, MH\ NOMI/SH|S, O(/TI KATA\ KRA=SIN MI/GNUTAI: OU) GA\R KATA\ KRA=SIN, A)LLA\ KATA\ PARA/QESIN. KAI\ TOU=TO DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ E)/STIN O(/TE XWRI/ZETAI AU)TH=S H( A(LMURO/THS KAI\ GI/NETAI GLUKU\ TO\ U(/DWR, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N LA/KKWN PLHSI/ON O)/NTWN TH=S O)/XQHS TOU= QALATTI/OU U(/DATOS: DIHQOU/MENON GA\R E)KEI=SE TO\ U(/DWR KATALIMPA/NEI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN KAI\ GI/NETAI GLUKU/. E)/LEGE DE\ KAI\ O( H(ME/TEROS PRO/GONOS O( ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI MH/POTE KAI\ H( U(POKEIME/NH GH= TH=| QALA/TTH| AI)/TIO/N E)STI TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS AU)TH=S A(LMURA\ OU)=SA. KAI\ E)/LUSE TOU=TO LE/GWN, O(/TI EI) TOU=TO H)=N, E)/DEI KAI\ TH\N PARAKEIME/NHN GH=N TH=| QALA/TTH| A(LMURA\N EI)=NAI: O(RW=MEN D', O(/TI KA/RPIMO/S E)STIN. OU)K A)/RA TH\N GH=N AI)TIATE/ON TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS, A)LLA\ TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ PERI\ TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS TH=S QALA/TTHS I(KANW=S DIEILE/XQH O( FILO/SOFOS, EI)/TE GENHTH/ E)STIN EI)/TE A)GE/NHTOS, KAI\ DEI/CAS, O(/TI GENHTH/, TELEUTAI=ON ZHTEI= KAI\ PERI\ AU)TH=S TH=S OU)SI/AS AU)TH=S W(S U(/DATOS, EI)/TE GENHTH/ E)STIN EI)/TE A)GE/-NHTOS. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI KATA\ ME\N TO\ EI)=DOS A)GE/NHTOS KAI\ A)/FQARTOS, W(/SPER KAI\ PA/NTA TA\ U(PO\ SELH/NHN, KATA\ DE\ TO\N A)RIQMO\N GENHTH\ KAI\ FQARTH/. O(/LH GA\R W(S O(/LH OU)DE/POTE E)KLEI/YEI, A)LL' A)I/DIO/S E)STI, KATA\ DE\ TA\ ME/RH E)K-LIMPA/NEI. O(/POU GA\R NU=N QA/LASSA E)PI\ ME/ROUS, E)KEI= H)/PEIROS GENH/SETAI, KAI\ O(/POU H)/PEIROS E)PI\ ME/ROUS, E)KEI= QA/LASSA E)/STAI. W(/STE KATA\ TH\N O(LO/THTA A)I/DIO/S E)STI H( QA/LASSA, KATA\ DE\ TA\ ME/RH FQARTH/, W(/SPER KAI\ PA/NTA TA\ U(PO\ SELH/NHN. TAU=TA PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS TOI=S ME\N A(/PAC GENNH/SASI KAI\ @O(/LWS AU)TH\N GENNW=SIN A)DU/NATON EI)=NAI A(LMURA\N POEI=N.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH/, FHSI/N, E)/GNWMEN, O(/TI A(PLH= E)STIN H( QA/LASSA KAI\ OU) SU/NQETOS, TOU=TO DE\ E)/GNWMEN E)K TOU= O(LO/THTA AU)TH\N EI)=NAI [1H( GA\R O(LO/THS A(PLH= E)STIN]1, E)/LQWMEN KAI\ E)PI\ TO\ DEU/TERON PRO/BLHMA, TOUTE/STI TI/S H( AI)TI/A TH=S A(LMURO/-THTOS AU)TH=S. A)LLA\ XRH\ TOU=TO PRW=TON EI)DE/NAI, O(/TI OI( ME\N E)C A)RXH=S A(/MA TW=| QA/LASSAN EI)=NAI LE/GOUSI SUNEI=NAI KAI\ TH\N A(LMURO/THTA, OI( D' U(/STERON E)PIGEGENH=SQAI AU)TH/N. KAI\ TOU/TWN TA\S I(STORI/AS EI)RH/KAMEN, A)LLA\ TOU/TWN OI( ME\N E)/LEGON KAI\ TH\N QA/LASSAN AU)TH\N KAT' OU)SI/AN EI)=NAI GENHTH\N A(/MA TH=| A(LMURO/THTI, OI(/TINES E)/LEGON AU)TH\N EI)=NAI DI\S GENHTH/N, KAT' OU)SI/AN TE KAI\ A(LMURO/THTA: OI( DE\ A(/PAC GENHTH/N, TOUTE/STI KATA\ ME\N TH\N OU)SI/AN A)GE/NHTON, KATA\ DE\ TH\N A(LMURO/THTA GENHTH/N. TI/ OU)=N FHSIN O( FILO/SOFOS; O(/TI TOI=S A(/PAC GENNH/SASI TH\N QA/LATTAN, TOUTE/STI TOI=S KAT' OU)SI/AN MO/NON AU)TH\N LE/-GOUSIN A)GE/NHTON, KATA\ DE\ TH\N A(LMURO/THTA GENHTH/N, SUMBAI/NEI TOU/TOIS MH\ DU/NASQAI LE/GEIN E)C A)RXH=S SUNEI=NAI AU)TH=| TH\N A(LMURO/THTA, A)LL' U(/STERON E)PIGEGONE/NAI. EI)=TA TOU=TO EI)PW\N U(/STERON E)PIFE/REI KAI\ TA\S I(STORI/AS TW=N PA-LAIW=N, PW=S E)DO/CAZON AU)TH\N U(/STERON GENE/SQAI A(LMURA\N A)/LLOS A)/LLWS, KAI\ E(KA/STHN TOU/TWN A)NATRE/PEI. @1 {1<20*EI) GA\R PANTO\S TOU= U(GROU= PERI\ TH\N GH=N O)/NTOS KAI\ A)N-AXQE/NTOS U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU, TO\ U(POLEIFQE\N E)GE/NETO QA/LATTA.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( PRW/TH I(STORI/A H( LE/GOUSA AI)/TION EI)=NAI TH\N E)CA/TMISIN. {1<20*EI)/T' E)NUPH=RXE TOSOU=TOS XUMO\S E)N TW=| POLLW=| U(/DATI KAI\ GLUKEI=.>20}1 @*(H DEUTE/RA NU=N I(STORI/A H( LE/GOUSA: E)C A)RXH=S H( QA/LASSA TOIAU/TH H)=N FU/SEI A(LMURA\ DIA/ TINA AI)TI/AN, TOUTE/STI DIA\ PARE/MPTWSIN A)PE/PTOU OU)SI/AS. {1<20*OU)DE\N H(=TTON E)LQO/NTOS PA/LIN TOU= DIATMISQE/NTOS U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*)/ELEGXOS TH=S PRW/THS I(STORI/AS. EI) GA\R DIA\ TH\N E)CA/TMISIN GE/GONEN A(L-MURA/, E)PEIDH\ PA/LIN A)NTIKATARREI= TO\ E)CATMISQE\N GLUKU\ O)/N, E)/DEI GLUKEI=AN POIEI=N TH\N QA/LATTAN. {1<20*MH/TE PRW=TON MH/TE U(/STERON AU)TH\N A(LMURA\N EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI MH/TE PRO\ TOU= E)CATMISQH=NAI MH/TE META\ TO\ KATAXQH=NAI TO\ E)CATMISQE/N. {1<20*EI) DE\ KAI\ TO\ PRW=TON EU)QU\S H)=N, LEKTE/ON TI/S H( AI)TI/A.>20}1 @*TH\N DEUTE/RAN E)LE/GXEI U(PO/QESIN. EI) GA\R E)C A)RXH=S H)=N, FHSI/N, A(L-MURA\ H( QA/LASSA A(/MA TW=| EI)=NAI QA/LASSA, R(HTE/ON TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S E)C A)RXH=S A(LMURO/THTOS. {1<20*)ALLA\ MH\N KAI\ O(/SOI TH\N GH=N AI)TIW=NTAI TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS E)MMIGNUME/NHS.>20}1 @*(H TRI/TH U(PO/QESIS H( LE/GOUSA, O(/TI DIA\ TO\ SUNEFE/LKESQAI GH=N A(LMURA\N TOU\S POTAMOU\S GI/NETAI A(LMURA\ H( QA/LASSA. {1<20*PW=S GA\R DUNATO\N E)N POLLW=| ME\N PLH/QEI U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*(O E)/LEGXOS TH=S TRI/THS I(STORI/AS, O(/TI PW=S DUNATO\N TH\N ME\N QA/LASSAN @1 O(/LHN A(LMUROU=SQAI, OU)XI\ DE\ KAI\ TOU\S POTAMOU\S O)LI/GON E)/XONTAS U(/DWR PRO\S TH\N QA/LASSAN. {1<20*(OMOI/WS DE\ GELOI=ON KA)\N EI)/ TIS EI)PW\N I(DRW=TA TH=S GH=S EI)=NAI TH\N QA/LASSAN OI)/ETAI/ TI SAFE\S EI)RHKE/NAI.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN O( E)/LEGXOS TH=S *)EMPEDOKLE/OUS U(POQE/SEWS TH=S LEGOU/SHS I(DRW=TA TH=S GH=S EI)=NAI TH\N QA/LATTAN. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI EI) ME\N PRO\S POI/HSIN A)POBLE/PWN *)EMPEDOKLH=S TH=| DIALLH/LW| DEI/CEI E)XRH/SATO FH/SAS TO\N I(DRW=TA QA/LATTAN ZW/|OU EI)=NAI KAI\ TH\N QA/LATTAN I(DRW=TA GH=S, I)/SWS SUGXW-RHTE/ON AU)TW=| W(S POIHTH=|: EI) DE/ GE FUSIKW=S TOU=TO EI)=PEN, OU) SUGXWRHTE/ON. PRW=TON ME\N A)SAFH\S H( DIA/LLHLOS U(PA/RXEI DEI=CIS, E)/PEITA DE\ TI/S H( A)POKLH/-RWSIS, I(/NA PRW=TON ME\N I(DROU=SA H( GH= POIH/SH| TH\N QA/LATTAN, NU=N DE\ I(DROU=SA MH\ KAI\ A)/LLAS POIH/SH|; OU)DE\ GA\R E)NTAU=QA DH=LON, PW=S E)K GLUKE/OS GI/NETAI I(DRW/S. KAI\ TO\ A)/LLO DE\ ZHTHTE/ON, PW=S GI/NETAI A(LMURO\N TO\ E)N TOI=S ZW/|OIS PERI/T-TWMA, A)=RA KATA\ E)CA/TMISIN TOU= LEPTOMEROU=S, W(/SPER E)PI\ TH=S TRI/THS PE/YEWS KAI\ TW=N I(DRW/TWN GI/NETAI, H)\ KATA\ SU/MMICI/N TINOS A)PE/PTOU OU)SI/AS, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N OU)/RWN. KAI\ EI) TOU=TO GNW=MEN, ZHTH/SWMEN KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= I(DRW=TOS TH=S GH=S, PW=S E)STIN A(LMURO/S, A)=RA KATA\ TO\ PRW=TON H)\ TO\ DEU/TERON. TE/WS GA\R A)/DHLON H(MI=N E)STI, PW=S GLUKE/OS O)/NTOS TOU= PINOME/NOU O( I(DRW\S A(LMURO\S GI/NETAI KAI\ TO\ OU)=RON. {1<20*TW=| D' I(DRW=TI SUNEKKRINOME/NW| E)K TH=S SARKO\S OI(=ON KATA-@PLU/NONTOS TO\ TOIOU=TON E)K TOU= SW/MATOS TOU= E)CIO/NTOS.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI W(/SPER TO\ OU)=RON GI/NETAI A(LMURO\N DIA\ TO\ SUNEMPI/PTEIN A)/PEPTO/N TINA OU)SI/AN AU)TW=|, OU(/TW KAI\ O( I(DRW\S A(LMURO\S GI/NETAI DIA\ TO\ SUN-EKKRI/NEIN MEQ' E(AUTOU= A)/PEPTO/N TINA LEPTOTA/THN OU)SI/AN A)PO\ TOU= SW/MATOS: OI(=ON GA\R KATAPLU/NEI O( I(DRW\S TO\ SW=MA A)PO\ TOIAU/THS OU)SI/AS. {1<20*)EN DE\ TH=| GH=| TI/NA TRO/PON U(PH=RXE, LEKTE/ON H)=N.>20}1 @*PO/TERON KATA\ E)CA/TMISIN TOU= LEPTOMEROU=S H)\ KATA\ E)/MPTWSI/N TINOS A)PE/PTOU OU)SI/AS. SU\ D' EI)PE\ KAT' A)/MFW, I(/NA KAI\ TH\N E)CA/TMISIN AI)TIA/SH| W(S E)PI\ TW=N I(DRW/TWN KAI\ TH\N PARE/MPTWSIN W(S E)PI\ TOU= OU)/ROU: PARE/MPTWSIN DE\ OU) GH=S, A)LLA\ TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. PW=S GA\R AU(/TH A)/PEPTO/S E)STIN, H)/DH EI)/RHTAI. OU)K A)/RA D' W(S H( QA/LASSA: H)= GA\R A)\N TO\ E(\N MO/NON U(PH=RXEN. @1 {1<20*)/ETI DIA\ TI/ OU) KAI\ NU=N, O(/TAN CHRAINOME/NH TU/XH| H( GH=.>20}1 @*TI/ DH/POTE MH\ KAI\ NU=N I(DROU=SA H( GH= POIEI= QALA/SSAS; {1<20*)ALLA\ MA=LLON EI)KO/TWS, W(/SPER FASI/ TINES, A)PELQO/NTOS TOU= PLEI/STOU KAI\ METEWRISQE/NTOS.>20}1 @*)APODE/XETAI MA=LLON TH\N PRW/THN I(STORI/AN TH\N LE/GOUSAN KATA\ E)C-A/TMISIN TOU= LEPTOMEROU=S A(LMURA\N EI)=NAI TH\N QA/LASSAN, PLH\N KAI\ TAU/THN OU)X W(S AI)TI/AN OU)=SAN, A)LL' W(S SUNAI/TION. {1<20*TA\ ME\N OU)=N LEGO/MENA TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS AI)/TIA DIAFEU/GEIN FAI/NETAI TO\N LO/GON.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TA\S PERI\ A(LMURO/THTOS I(STORI/AS E)LE/GCAS E)KTI/QETAI TH\N E(AU-TOU= PERI\ TAU/THS DO/CAN. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI MI/A TH=S DITTH=S E)STIN A)NAQUMIA/-SEWS H( AI)TI/A TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS, LE/GEI DE\ TH\N KAPNW/DH. {1<20*PO/TERON KAI\ H( QA/LATTA A)EI\ DIAME/NEI TW=N AU)TW=N OU)=SA MORI/WN.>20}1 @*METH=LQEN E)PI\ TH\N E(TE/RAN ZH/THSIN, PO/TERON A)GE/NHTO/S E)STIN H( QA/LASSA H)\ GENHTH\ KAT' OU)SI/AN. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI KAI\ KATA\ TH\N O(LO/THTA KAI\ KATA\ TA\ ME/RH E)STI\ GENHTH\ KAI\ FQARTH/, KATA\ DE\ TO\ EI)=DOS A)GE/NHTOS KAI\ A)/FQARTOS, W(S PA/NTA TA\ U(PO\ SELH/NHN. A)LLA\ DIAFE/REI H( O(LO/THS TOU= ME/ROUS KATA\ TO\ GENHTO\N KAI\ FQARTO/N, E)PEIDH\ O(/LH W(S O(/LH H( QA/LASSA DIA\ PA/NU POLLOU= XRO/NOU MEQI/STATAI KAI\ A)LLA/SSETAI W(/SPER PLOI/OU DIA\ POLLOU= XRO/NOU META-BLHQE/NTOS EI)S E(/TERON TW=| KAQ' E(/KASTON E)/TOS A)LLA/SSESQAI SANI/DA, TA\ ME/RH DE\ TAXE/WS METABA/LLETAI. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*TOU/TWN D' OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN PEIRATE/ON A)PODOU=NAI TH\N AI)TI/AN KAI\ PERI\ TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS.>20}1 @*TI/S A)/RA H( KATA\ *)ARISTOTE/LHN AI)TI/A TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS TH=S QALA/TTHS; A)=RA H( U(POKEIME/NH GH= TH=| QALA/TTH|; OU) DH=TA. TOU=TO GA\R OU) *PERIPATHTIKO/N, A)LLA\ *QEOFRA/STEION, EI) GA\R *QEO/FRASTOS TOU=TO E)/LEGEN, O(/TI H( U(POKEIME/NH GH= @1 AI)TI/A U(PA/RXEI TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS: KAI\ A)/LLWS TE OU)X H( U(POKEIME/NH GH= AI)TI/A E)STI/N. EI) GA\R OU(/TW, SUNE/BAINE KAI\ TOU\S PERI\ QA/LATTAN O)RUTTOME/NOUS LA/K-KOUS A(LMURO\N PERIE/XEIN U(/DWR, EI)/PER H( GH= AI)TI/A H)=N TOU/TOU. A)LLA\ MH\N OU) PA/NTWS E)STI\N A(LMURO\N TO\ E)N TOU/TOIS EU(RISKO/MENON U(/DWR, A)LLA\ KATA\ TO\ SPA/NION: OU)K A)/RA H( U(POKEIME/NH GH= AI)TI/A TH=S A(LMURO/THTOS GI/NETAI. KAI\ TI/S A)/RA; LE/GOMEN, O(/TI TIS A)/PEPTOS OU)SI/A PAREMPI/PTOUSA E)RGA/ZETAI TH\N A(LMURO/THTA, TOUTE/STIN H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS OU)K E)K TH=S U(POKEIME/NHS GH=S A)NIOU=SA, W(S *QEO/FRASTOS E)/LEGEN, A)LL' E)K TH=S PE/RIC GH=S: KAI\ TAU/THS OU) TH=S TUXOU/SHS, A)LL' E)K TH=S A)PE/PTOU, H(/NTINA H)/RCATO ME\N PE/TTEIN TO\ QERMO/N, OU)K E)KRA/THSE DE/, A)LLA\ MO/NON PERIE/FRUCE DIA\ TO\ MH\ PEFUKE/NAI PRO\S PE/YIN, W(/SPER E)PI\ TH=S TE/FRAS TW=N CU/LWN: KAI\ TAU/THN GA\R OU)K I)/SXUSE PE/YAI TO\ QERMO/N, KAI\ E)/STIN A)/PEPTOS OU)SI/A. E)K TH=S OU)=N TOIAU/THS GH=S TH=S A)PE/PTOU % TIS OU)SI/A OU)/TE W(S TROFH\ PAREI/LHPTAI TREFOME/NOU OU)/TE MEME/NHKEN E)N TW=| KATA\ FU/SIN [1PERIE/KAUSE GA\R AU)TH\N TO\ QERMO/N]1 GENNA=TAI H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, H(/TIS H)\ KA/TW ME/NEI PERI/GEIOS AI)QALW/DHS OU)=SA KAI\ GEW/DHS KAI\ MIGNUME/NH TH=| QALA/SSH| POIEI= AU)TH\N A(LMURA\N KAI\ BAREI=AN, H)\ A)PO/GEIOS GI/NE-TAI KAI\ MI/GNUTAI TOI=S QERINOI=S KAI\ FQINOPWRINOI=S U(ETOI=S KAI\ POIEI= AU)TOU\S A(LMUROU/S. W(SAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ E)N TH=| NOTI/A| XW/RA| TO\ AU)TO\ TOU=TO POIEI= DIA\ TO\ POLLH\N EI)=NAI TH\N E)KEI=SE KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN. O(/QEN E)N *QHBAI/+DI A(L-MUROI\ GI/NONTAI OI( O)/MBROI KAI\ R(AGDAI=OI DIA\ TO\ E)GKATAMI/GNUSQAI E)N AU)TOI=S TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN. A)LL' A)/CIO/N E)STI A)POREI=N. EI) GA\R DIA\ TH\N A)NADIDOME/NHN E)K TH=S E)KKAOME/NHS GH=S KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN GI/NETAI A(LMURA\ H( QA/LATTA, E)/DEI KAI\ TOU\S A)/LLOUS POTAMOU\S A(LMUROU\S EI)=NAI DIA\ TH\N E)KEI/NHS PRO\S AU)TOU\S E)GKATA/MICIN. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI XREI/A KAI\ STA/SEWS, I(/NA GE/NHTAI H( KRA=SIS TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS TOI=S POTAMOI=S: AU)TOI\ DE\ R(E/OUSIN A)PAU/STWS KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN OU)K E)PIDE/XONTAI TH\N MI/CIN. A)/LLWS TE TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NA-QUMIA/SEWS A)EI\ TO\N KOILO/TATON TO/PON DIWKOU/SHS, E)PEIDH\ KOILO/TATOS PA/N-TWN E)STI\N O( PERI\ TH\N QA/LASSAN TO/POS, EI)KO/TWS E)KEI= SUNAQROIZOME/NHS AU)-TH=S A(LMURA\N POIEI= TH\N QA/LATTAN. 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MO/NOS D' O( KAIKI/AS A)F' W(=N PNEI=, U(GRO/S E)STIN W(S E)KEI= E)FELKO/MENOS TA\ NE/FH. {1<20*(/WST' E)N OI(=S E)STI TO\ TH=S TOIAU/THS GH=S PLH=QOS, R(E/PEI KA/TW.>20}1 @*DIA\ TOU=TO GA\R KAI\ OI( QERINOI\ U(ETOI\ KAI\ E)N *QHBAI/+DI GINO/MENOI LA/BROI EI)SI\ KAI\ R(AGDAI/WS POLLH\N E)/XONTES GEW/DH OU)SI/AN E)K TH=S CHRA=S A)NAQUMI-A/SEWS. {1<20*KAI\ QERMH/ GE H( QA/LASSA DIA\ TOU=TO.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI QERMH\ KAI\ CHRA/ E)STIN H( QA/LASSA, A(/TE DH\ MEMIGME/NHS AU)TH=| TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. @1 {1<20*TE/FRAN KAI\ TH\N KONI/AN KAI\ TH\N U(PO/STASIN TW=N ZW/|WN.>20}1 @*TAU=TA GA/R, E)PEIDH\ TO\ QERMO\N MH\ PERIGEGONO\S AU)TW=N OU)K E)/PEYEN AU)TA/, A)LL' E)CE/KAUSE, QERMA/ EI)SI KAI\ CHRA/: <20KONI/AN>20 DE\ LE/GEI TH\N A)/SBESTON. {1<20*)ANA/GETAI D' A)EI/ TI ME/ROS AU)TH=S META\ TOU= GLUKE/OS.>20}1 @*TO\ TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI E)CATMIZOME/NOU TOU= LEPTOMEROU=S SUNEFE/LKETAI AU)TW=| KAI/ TI A(LMURO\N E)LA/XISTON, EI)=T' A)/NW GLUKANQE\N PA/LIN E)N TW=| KA/TW FE/RESQAI MI/GNUTAI AU)TW=| A(LMURO\N E)LA/XISTON, KAI\ DIA\ TAU=TA DH\ W(SAU/TWS E)STI\ A(LMURA\ H( QA/LASSA: O(/TI GA\R A)LHQE/S E)STIN, O(/TI TO\ E)C-ATMIZO/MENON A(LMURO/N PWS U(PA/RXON A)/NW GLUKAI/NETAI, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ PA=N U(GRO\N METABALLO/MENON A)/POION GI/NETAI. AU)TI/KA GOU=N OI)=NOS A)TMISQEI\S EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLETAI KAI\ GI/NETAI A)/POIOS A)POLE/SAS H(\N EI)=XE STU/YIN: OU(/TWS OU)=N KAI\ TO\ A(LMURO\N GI/NETAI GLUKU\ A)POLE/SAN H(\N EI)=XE MEQ' E(AUTOU= POIO/THTA. {1<20*)ALLA\ PERI\ ME\N TOU/TWN E)N A)/LLOIS KAIROI=S POIHTE/ON TH\N SKE/YIN.>20}1 @*)EN GA\R TW=| *PERI\ XUMOU= AU)TW=N MONOBI/BLW| LE/GEI PERI\ TOU/TWN. {1<20*)ALLA\ H)\ TOI=S TO/POIS.>20}1 @*)/ESTI GA\R O(/TE TOI=S TO/POIS E)LLEI/PEI H( QA/LASSA KAI\ GI/NETAI CHRA\ KATA/ TINAS TO/POUS, E)PEIDH\ SUMBAI/NEI E)KEI= ME\N GENE/SQAI POLLH\N E)CA/TMISIN, MH\ E)KEI= DE\ KATENEXQH=NAI TO\ E)CATMISQE/N, A)LL' E)N A)/LLOIS AU)TH=S XWRI/OIS. OU) MO/NON D' E)PI\ QALA/TTHS TOU=TO SUMBAI/NEI TO\ FQEI/RESQAI KATA\ ME/RH, A)LLA\ KAI\ PARA\ PA=SI TOI=S U(PO\ SELH/NHN. {1<20*(/OTI D' E)STI\ E)N MI/CEI TINO\S TO\ A(LMURO/N, DH=LON OU) MO/-@NON E)K TW=N EI)RHME/NWN, A)LLA\ KA)\N EI)/ TIS A)GGEI=ON PLA/SAS.>20}1 @*TO\ TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ A)PO\ TOU= KHRI/NOU A)GGEI/OU. {1<20*TOU=TO GA\R AI)/TION KAI\ TOU= BA/ROUS.>20}1 @*AI)/TION TO\ POIOU=N A(LMURO/THTA, TOUTE/STIN H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS. KAI\ E)/XEIS E)NTEU=QEN TO\ PE/MPTON E)PIXEI/RHMA. @1 {1<20*KAI\ GA\R TO\ PA/XOS DIAFE/REI TOSOU=TON.>20}1 @*TO\ E(/KTON E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI PAXUMERE/S E)STI TO\ QALA/TTION U(/DWR, W(S ME/-GISTA PLOI=A E)PIFE/REIN. 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TAU=TA GA\R TA\ AU)TOFUH= QERMA\ U(/DATA, EI) ME\N E)PITETAME/NHN E)/XEI TH\N QERMASI/AN, A(LUKA\ GI/NONTAI, EI) DE\ A)NEIME/NHN, U(FALUKA/, W(S DOKEI=N GLUKE/A EI)=NAI. TOU=TO TO\ TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI GA\R PA=N A(LMURO\N E)PIMICI/AN E)/XEI GEW/DOUS OU)SI/AS. TO\ GA\R U(/DWR KAQO\ U(/DWR A)/POIO/N E)STI GEUSTIKH=S POIO/THTOS: MO/NON GA\R A(PTIKH\N E)/XEI POIO/THTA TO\ U(/DWR W(S U(/DWR, XUMW=N DE/ TINWN E)PIMIGNUME/NWN GI/NETAI GEUSTO/N. LOIPO\N DE\ PRO\S TH\N DIAFORA\N TW=N XUMW=N GI/NETAI TO\ U(/DWR H)\ A(LMURO\N H)\ PIKRO\N H)\ O)CU/: I(STOREI= GA\R AU)TO\S *)ARISTOTE/LHS PIKRA\ KAI\ O)CE/A U(/DATA KATA\ TH\N GEU=SIN. PA=S DE\ XUMO\S E)K GEW/DOUS OU)SI/AS SUNI/STATAI. TAU=TA PERI\ QALA/SSHS FUSIO-LOGH/SAS KAI\ POTAMW=N O( FILO/SOFOS A)/NEISI PA/LIN, O(/QEN KAI\ A)PE/STH, KAI\ A)NAKEFALAIOU=TAI PA/LIN TO\N PERI\ A)NE/MWN LO/GON. E)LE/GOMEN GA/R, EI) ME/MNHSQE, E)N TW=| PRW/TW| BIBLI/W|, O(/TI PROQE/MENOS EI)PEI=N PERI\ A)NE/MWN, E)PEIDH\ SUG-GENW=S EI)=XEN O( PERI\ TOU/TWN LO/GOS TW=| PERI\ POTAMW=N, METH=LQEN EI)S TO\N PERI\ POTAMW=N LO/GON E)A/SAS TO\N PERI\ A)NE/MWN E)KKREMH=, EI)=TA META\ TO\N PERI\ POTAMW=N LO/GON DIEILE/XQH KAI\ PERI\ QALA/SSHS. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N SUNEPE/RANE TO\N PERI\ POTAMW=N KAI\ QALA/TTHS LO/GON, PA/LIN A)NAKEFALAIOU=TAI TO\N PERI\ A)NE/-MWN LO/GON. A)LLA\ PRO/TERON E)PANAMIMNH/|SKEI H(MA=S TW=N TRIW=N LHMMA/TWN E)KEI/NWN TW=N E)N TW=| PRW/TW| BIBLI/W| EI)RHME/NWN: W(=N TO\ PRW=TON H)=N, O(/TI DITTH/ E)STIN A)NAQUMI/ASIS A)PO\ TH=S GH=S, H( ME\N A)TMI/S, H( DE\ A)TMO/S. KAI\ H( ME\N A)TMI\S QERMH\ KAI\ U(GRA/ E)STIN, O( DE\ A)TMO\S QERMO\S KAI\ CHRO/S. KAPNW/DHS DE\ A)NAQUMI/ASIS LE/GETAI OU(=TOS O( A)TMO\S A)PO\ ME/ROUS, E)PEIDH/ TI ME/ROS AU)TOU= KAPNO/S E)STIN OI(=ON SBENNUME/NOU PURO/S: OU) GA\R PA=S A)TMO\S KAPNW/DHS E)STI\N A)NAQUMI/ASIS. I)DOU\ GOU=N TO\ U(PE/KKAUMA A)TMO\S ME/N E)STI, KAPNW/DHS D' A)NA-QUMI/ASIS OU)K E)/STI. DEU/TERON DE\ LH=MMA, O(/TI SUMMI/GNUNTAI AU(=TAI AI( DU/O A)NA-QUMIA/SEIS, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ TA\ E)C AU)TW=N GINO/MENA, TOUTE/STI H( GH= KAI\ TO\ U(/DWR, SUMMEMIGME/NA EI)SI\N E(AUTOI=S: O(/QEN KAI\ MI/A SFAI=RA LE/GETAI TH=S GH=S KAI\ U(/DATOS. TRI/TON LH=MMA, O(/TI SUMBA/LLONTAI E(AUTAI=S PRO\S GE/NESIN AU(=TAI AI( DU/O A)NAQUMIA/SEIS. I)DOU\ GOU=N U(GRAINOME/NHS TH=S GH=S MA=LLON GI/NETAI U(/LH KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS: EU(RI/SKEI GA\R O( H(/LIOS U(/LHN TOU= A)NIMH/SASQAI, O(/QEN KAI\ TA\ U(GRA\ CU/LA PLEI/ONA E)/XOUSI TO\N KAPNO\N H)/PER TA\ CHRA/. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI SUMBA/LLETAI H( A)TMIDW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS PRO\S TH\N GE/NESIN TH=S KAPNW/-DOUS. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ H( KAPNW/DHS PRO\S GE/NESIN TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS: E)N GA\R TW=| QE/REI, O(/TE POLLH\ H( KAPNW/DHS E)STI/N, A)NE/LKETAI TO\ LEPTOMERE\S TOU= @1 U(/DATOS, TOUTE/STIN H( A)TMI/S, KAI\ A)/NW SUNISTA/MENON KAI\ TW=| XEIMW=NI PAXUNO/-MENON KATAFE/RETAI U(/DWR. TAU=TA PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*EI) DE\ E)/STIN, W(/SPER MUQOLOGOU=SI/ TINES.>20}1 @*TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ A)PO\ TH=S *NEKRA=S QALA/SSHS, H(=S TO\ U(/DWR TO-SOU=TO/N E)STIN A(LMURW/TATON. KAI\ O(/RA, PW=S MU=QON TO\ TOIOU=TON PROFE/REI KAI/-TOI A)LHQE\S O)/N, H(MEI=S DE\ TH\N AI)TI/AN EI)/POMEN. {1<20*)/EN TE GA\R TH=| *XAONI/A| KRH/NH TI/S E)STIN U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ A)PO\ TH=S E)N *DWDW/NH| KRH/NHS. {1<20*EI(/LONTO GA/R, W(S E)KEI= MUQOLOGOU=SI.>20}1 @*TH\N MUQIKH\N AI)TIOLOGI/AN LE/GEI, TO\ GLUKU\N O)/NTA TO\N E)N *DWDW/NH| POTAMO\N MH\ POIEI=N I)XQU=S, W(=| MI/SGETAI H( KRH/NH. {1<20*TOIOU=TON DE\ GI/NETAI KAI\ E)N *)OMBRIKOI=S.>20}1 @*TO\ TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI A)PO\ TE/FRAS E(YOME/NHS GI/NONTAI A(/LES. {1<20*(/OSA D' E)STI\N A(LMURA\ R(EU/MATA POTAMW=N H)\ KRHNW=N, TA\ PLEI=STA QERMA\ EI)=NAI DEI= NOMI/ZEIN.>20}1 @*TO\ TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI PA=N A(LMURO\N QERMO/N E)STIN H)\ DUNA/MEI H)\ E)NERGEI/A|. {1<20*DI' H(=S DIHQOU=NTAI GH=S, E)/TI ME/NEIN OU)=SAN KONI/AN KAI\ TE/FRAN.>20}1 @*TO\ PE/MPTON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI PA=N U(/DWR KAQO\ GEUSTO\N E)PI-MICI/AN E)/XEI GEW/DOUS OU)SI/AS, E)PEI\ KAQ' AU(TO\ A)/XUMO/N E)STI. {1<20*PERI\ ME\N OU)=N U(/DATOS KAI\ QALA/TTHS, DI' A(\S AI)TI/AS A)EI/ TE SUNEXW=S EI)SI.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI DIA\ POI/AN AI)TI/AN SUNEXW=S H( QA/LASSA ME/NEI A(LMURA/; O(/TI MI/GNUTAI H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS TW=| U(OME/NW|. @1 {1<20*PW=S METABA/LLOUSIN.>20}1 @*(UPA/KOUSON H( KAPNW/DHS KAI\ A)TMIDW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS: SUMBA/LLONTAI GA\R A)LLH/LAIS. {1<20*)/ETI DE\ O(/SA PA/QH KATA\ FU/SIN AU)TOI=S SUMBAI/NEI.>20}1 @*PW=S GI/NETAI GLUKU\ TO\ U(/DWR H)\ A(LMURO\N H)\ PIKRO/N; O(/TI PRO\S TH\N E)PIMICI/AN TH=S GEW/DOUS OU)SI/AS. {1<20*EI)/RHTAI SXEDO\N H(MI=N PERI\ TW=N PLEI/STWN.>20}1 @*OU)X O(/TI E)LLIPH\S E)/TI E)STI\N O( PERI\ U(/DATOS LO/GOS EI)=PEN, O(/TI <20EI)/RHTAI H(MI=N PERI\ TW=N PLEI/STWN,>20 A)LLA\ <20PERI\ TW=N PLEI/STWN>20 A)KOUSTE/ON PRO\S TO\ PAQW=N. PERI\ GA\R TOU= PLEI/STOU PA/QOUS EI)/RHTAI H(MI=N TOU= U(/DATOS, TOUT-E/STI XUMW=N: OU)/TE GA\R PERI\ PA/NTWN XUMW=N TOU= U(/DATOS EI)/RHTAI, A)LLA\ PERI\ TINW=N: PERI\ GA\R PA/NTWN E)N TW=| *PERI\ XUMW=N AU)TOU= MONOBI/BLW| EI)/RHTAI. {1<20*PERI\ DE\ PNEUMA/TWN LE/GWMEN LABO/NTES TH\N A)RXH\N TH\N EI)RHME/NHN H(MI=N PRO/TERON.>20}1 @*SUMPERA/NAS TO\N PERI\ U(/DATOS LO/GON PA/LIN A)NAKEFALAIOU=TAI TO\N PERI\ A)NE/MWN LO/GON. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI DEI= A)NALABEI=N <20TH\N EI)RHME/NHN H(MI=N PRO/-TERON A)RXH\N>20 PERI\ A)NE/MWN, TOUTE/STIN, O(/TI DITTH/ E)STIN A)NAQUMI/ASIS, H( ME\N A)TMIDW/DHS, H( DE\ KAPNW/DHS. KAI\ E)K ME\N TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS GI/NETAI U(ETO/S, E)K DE\ TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)/NEMOS, A(/PER E)NANTI/A EI)SI/. KAI\ E)/XEIS TO\ PRW=TON LHMMA/TION. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ OU)/TE TO\ U(GRO\N A)/NEU TOU= CHROU=, OU)/TE TO\ CHRO\N A)/NEU U(GROU=.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON LH=MMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI SUMMEMIGME/NAI EI)SI\N E(AUTAI=S AI( DU/O A)NAQUMIA/SEIS, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ TA\ E)C AU)TW=N. {1<20*FEROME/NOU DH\ TOU= H(LI/OU KU/KLW|.>20}1 @*TO\ TRI/TON LH=MMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI SUMBA/LLONTAI E(AUTAI=S PRO\S GE/NESIN AU)-TW=N AI( A)NAQUMIA/SEIS. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI TOU= H(LI/OU KU/KLW| KINOUME/NOU KAI\ POTE\ BOREI/OU GENOME/NOU KAI\ W(S PRO\S H(MA=S A)NIO/NTOS, POTE\ DE\ NOTI/OU KAI\ @1 W(S A)F' H(MW=N KATIO/NTOS SUMBAI/NEI E)N ME\N TW=| GI/NESQAI AU)TO\N PRO\S H(MA=S A)NA/GEIN TO\ A)PO\ TH=S GH=S U(GRO\N KAI\ E)CATMI/ZEIN AU)TO\ DIA\ TO\ POLLH\N EI)=NAI TH\N QERMO/THTA AU)TOU= [1THNIKAU=TA KAI\ H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS GI/NETAI]1, A)POSTA/NTOS D' A)F' H(MW=N KAI\ NOTI/OU GINOME/NOU H( A)NENEXQEI=SA A)TMI\S E)N TW=| QE/REI MHKE/TI QERMAINOME/NH A)LLA\ YUXOME/NH PAXU/NETAI KAI\ EI)S U(/DWR META-BA/LLETAI: METABALLO/MENON D' EI)S U(/DWR KAI\ FERO/MENON E)PI\ TH\N GH=N U(GRAI/-NEI AU)TH/N, U(GRAINOME/NH D' H( GH= MA=LLON A)NADI/DWSI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQU-MI/ASIN, DI/KHN U(GROU= CU/LOU. TA\ GA\R U(GRA\ CU/LA MA=LLO/N EI)SIN E)PITH/DEIA PRO\S KAPNOU= GE/NESIN, TA\ DE\ CHRA\ KAI\ SXEDO\N A)/NIKMA A)/KAPNA/ EI)SIN. O(/QEN KAI\ H( CHROTA/TH GH= KAI\ A)/NIKMOS OU) QUMIA=TAI, OI(=ON YA/MMOS, DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)/XEIN I)KMA/DA. O(/RA OU)=N, PW=S E(AUTAI=S SUMBA/LLONTAI PRO\S GE/NESIN AI( DU/O A)NA-QUMIA/SEIS. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*)EPEI\ D' E(/TERON E(KATE/RAS TO\ EI)=DOS, FANERO\N O(/TI DIA-FE/REI.>20}1 @*(H PAROU=SA LE/CIS PE/NTE TINA\ PERI\ A)NE/MWN PARADI/DWSI: PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI OU), KAQW/S FHSIN O( *(IPPOKRA/THS, O( A)/NEMOS A)H/R E)STI KINOU/MENOS: DEU/TERON, O(/TI OU)X W(/S FASI/ TINES, A)QRO/A U(/LH TW=N A)NE/MWN E)STI\N U(PO\ GH=N, W(/SPER KAI\ TOU= U(/DATOS: TRI/TON, TI/S H( AI)TI/A TH=S LOCH=S KINH/SEWS TW=N A)NE/MWN: TE/-TARTON, TI/NES KAI\ PO/SOI OI( A)/NEMOI: PE/MPTON, TI/NA TA\ I)/DIA E(KA/STOU A)NE/MOU. TAU=TA ME\N TA\ PE/NTE PARADIDO/ASI KATA\ ME/ROS AI( E)FECH=S PA=SAI LE/CEIS: H( DE\ PAROU=SA NU=N QEWRI/A TO\ PRW=TON MO/NON TW=N PE/NTE ZHTH/SEI, TOU=TO D' E)STI/N, O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN O( A)/NEMOS A)H\R KINOU/MENOS, A)LL' E)STI\N E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NA-QUMIA/SEWS. KAI\ TOU=TO KATASKEUA/ZEI DIA\ PE/NTE E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, KAI\ H(MEI=S D' E)/CWQEN PROSEUPORH/SANTES DEI/COMEN TO\ AU)TO\ DIA\ DU/O E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN, W(S EI)=NAI TH\N PAROU=SAN QEWRI/AN E(PTA\ E)PIXEIRH/MATA DEIKNU/NTA, O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN O( A)/NEMOS A)H\R KINOU/MENOS. W(=N TO\ PRW=TO/N E)STIN TOIOU=TON: NO/MOS E)STI\ FUSIKO/S, W(/STE TW=N DIAFO/RWN EI)DW=N DIAFO/ROUS EI)=NAI KAI\ TA\S PROSEXEI=S U(/LAS, OI(=ON I(/PPOU KAI\ QRO/NOU: TAU=TA GA\R DIA/FORA O)/NTA EI)/DH KAI\ DIA/FORON E)/XOUSI TH\N PROSEXH= U(/LHN, TO\ ME\N E)/MYUXON, TO\ D' A)/YUXON, TH\N ME/NTOI PO/RRW TH\N AU)-TH/N: A)/MFW GA\R U(/LH E)STI\ TA\ TE/SSARA STOIXEI=A. TOU/TOU OU(/TWS E)/XONTOS EI), W(S SU\ FH/|S, *(IPPO/KRATES, O(/TI PUKNOU/MENOS A)H\R EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLETAI, EU(RE-QH/SETAI TW=N DIAFO/RWN EI)DW=N, FHMI\ DH\ U(ETOU= KAI\ A)NE/MOU, H( AU)TH\ PROS-EXH\S U(/LH, TOUTE/STI A)H/R, O(/PER A)/TOPON: DEI= GA\R DIA/FORON EI)=NAI KAI\ TH\N PROSEXH= U(/LHN. OU)K A)/RA O( A)/NEMOS E)C A)E/ROS GI/NETAI, A)LL' E)K TH=S KAPNW/-DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. TOU=TO PRW=TON. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: OU) KALW=S LE/GEIS, @1 *(IPPO/KRATES, TO\N A)/NEMON A)E/RA EI)=NAI KINOU/MENON: POLU\ GA\R DIAFE/REI H( TOU= A)NE/MOU KI/NHSIS TH=S TOU= A)E/ROS KINH/SEWS. H( ME\N GA\R TOU= A)E/ROS E)/KLUTO/S TE U(PA/RXEI KAI\ XALARA/ [1EI) GA\R E)N TAI=S KATAPO/SESI TW=N OI)/KWN DIA\ TH\N BI/AN TH\N KA/TW FEROME/NHN SUNTETAME/NH KAI\ SFODRA\ GI/NETAI, A)LL' OU)=N OU)K E)PIME/NEI, A)LLA\ PA/LIN KAQI/STATAI PARAXRH=MA]1, H( DE\ TOU= A)NE/MOU KI/NHSIS TU-RANNIKH/ E)STI KAI\ BIAIOTA/TH, W(S DHLOU=SI KAI\ OI( SEISMOI\ TA\ ME/GISTA BA/RH SALEU/ONTES, FHMI\ DH\ TH\N GH=N: OU)DE\N GA\R E(/TERO/N E)STI SEISMO\S H)\ U(PO/GEIOS A)/NEMOS. A)/LLWS TE KA)K TOU= EI)RHME/NOU E)N TW=| PRW/TW| BIBLI/W| DH=LON, W(S TU-RANNIKH\N EI)=NAI TH\N TW=N A)NE/MWN KI/NHSIN. O(/TAN GA\R EI)/PWMEN TO\N ME/GAN KO-MH/THN FANH=NAI, TO/TE GE/GONE SFODRO/TATOS A)/NEMOS, W(/ST' E)N TW=| A)E/RI LI/QON ME/GAN METEWRISQE/NTA R(IFH=NAI E)N *AI)GO\S POTAMOI=S. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI A)/LLH KI/-NHSIS A)E/ROS KAI\ A)/LLH A)NE/MOU: OU)K A)/RA A)H/R E)STIN A)/NEMOS. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: TI/ DH/POTE, *(IPPO/KRATES, E)N ME\N TOI=S E)PO/MBROIS E)/TESIN OU) GI/NONTAI POLLA\ PNEU/MATA, E)N DE\ TOI=S AU)XMW/DESI POLLA\ GI/NONTAI; EI) GA\R E)K TOU= A)E/ROS GI/-NETAI O( A)/NEMOS, E)XRH=N O(MOI/WS KAI\ E)N TOI=S E)PO/MBROIS E)/TESIN KAI\ E)N TOI=S AU)XMW/DESI KAIROI=S GI/NESQAI A)NE/MOUS, EI)/PER, W(S LE/GEIS, E)K TOU= A)E/ROS GI/NETAI. A)LLA\ MH\N O(RW=MEN, O(/TI O(/TAN E)PIKRATH/SH| H( CHRA\ A)NAQUMI/ASIS, TOUTE/STIN H( KAPNW/DHS, THNIKAU=TA KAI\ TO\ E)/TOS AU)XMHRO\N GI/NETAI KAI\ A)/NEMOI GI/NONTAI POLLOI/. DH=LON A)/RA, O(/TI E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS GI/NONTAI OI( A)/NEMOI, OU)K E)C A)E/ROS KINOUME/NOU. EI)=T' E)N ME/SW| A)POREI= O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI TI/ DH/-POTE E)N TOI=S AU)XMW/DESI KAI\ TOI=S E)PO/MBROIS E)/TESIN OU)X O(MOI/WS PA=SAI AI( PO/LEIS KAI\ AI( XW=RAI AI( U(PO\ TO\N AU)TO\N PARA/LLHLON OU)=SAI A)POLAU/OUSI TW=N U(ETW=N H)\ TW=N AU)XMW=N, A)LL' AI( ME\N MA=LLON, AI( DE\ H(=TTON; E)XRH=N GA/R, FHSI/, PA/SAS TA\S U(PO\ TO\N AU)TO\N PARA/LLHLON OU)/SAS PO/LEIS O(MOI/WS DIAKEI=SQAI KATA\ TO\ U(GRO\N KAI\ AU)XMHRO/N. KAI\ DI/DWSI PA/LIN TREI=S E)PILU/SEIS. PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON PA=SAI AI( U(PO\ TO\N AU)TO\N OU)=SAI PARA/LLHLON TW=N O(MOI/WN A)POLAU/OUSI, SPANI/WS DE\ OU) TW=N O(MOI/WN: FUSIKOU= DE\ FILOSO/FOU E)STI\ PERI\ TA\ W(S E)PI\ TO\ POLU\ GINO/MENA KATAGI/NESQAI. E)/PEITA D' O(/TI SUMBAI/NEI E)N TAI=S U(PO\ TO\N AU)TO\N PARA/LLHLON OU)/SAIS XW/RAIS POU= ME\N PLEI/ONA A)NADI/-DOSQAI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN, POU= DE\ TH\N A)TMIDW/DH, KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN PARALLA/SSEIN KATA\ TA\S KRA/SEIS. EI)PE\ DE\ KAI\ A)/LLWS, O(/TI SUMBAI/NEI TOU=TO DIA\ TH\N QE/SIN TH=S PO/LEWS H)\ TH=S XW/RAS, EI) GA\R KAI\ AU)XMHRO\N EI)/H TO\ E)/TOS, EI)/H DE\ H( ME\N PO/LIS PARAQALASSI/A H)\ PARA\ POTAMOU\S H)\ PARA\ LI/MNAS, W(/SPER H( H(METE/RA PO/LIS, H( *)ALECA/NDREIA LE/GW, KEKO/SMHTAI: O(/QEN QE/ROS E)/XEI YU-XRO/N, KAI/TOI KAI\ TH=S *AI)GU/PTOU KAI\ TH=S *LIBU/HS QERMOTA/THS OU)/SHS. EI) D' EI)/H E)N KOI/LW| TO/PW| KAI\ PNIGHRW=|, E)/NQA MH/ E)STI PARARRE/ON U(/DWR, DH=LON O(/TI OU)X O(MOI/WS A)POLAU/OUSIN AU(=TAI AI( PO/LEIS TOU= AU)XMOU=, EI) KAI\ U(PO\ TO\N @1 AU)TO\N PARA/LLHLO/N EI)SIN, A)LL' AI( ME\N MA=LLON, AI( D' H(=TTON DIA\ TH\N QE/SIN. TOU=TO TO\ TRI/TON. TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA: EI) GA\R O(RW=MEN, W)= *(IPPO/KRATES, O(/TI A)/NEMOS KAI\ U(ETO\S FQEI/ROUSIN A)/LLHLA KAI\ O(/TI GENNW=SIN A)/LLHLA, TA\ DE\ FQEI/-RONTA KAI\ GENNW=NTA E(AUTW=N E)NANTI/A EI)SI/, TA\ D' E)NANTI/A OU)K E)K TH=S AU)TH=S PROSEXOU=S U(/LHS EI)SI/, DH=LON O(/TI OU)K E)C A)E/ROS E)STI\N O( A)/NEMOS, A)LL' E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. O(/TI GA\R O( U(ETO\S KAI\ POIEI= A)/NEMON KAI\ FQEI/REI TO\N A)/NEMON, DH=LON. H(NI/KA ME\N GA\R A)/NEMOS GI/NETAI KAI\ E)PIKATALA/BH| LA/BROS U(ETO/S, PAU/EI TO\N A)/NEMON, A(/TE DH\ TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS TH=S POI-OU/SHS AU)TO\N KATASBESQEI/SHS U(PO\ TOU= U(ETOU=: H(NI/KA DE\ KATABH=| O( U(ETO\S E)PI\ TH\N GH=N KAI\ TAU/THN KATABRE/CH|, THNIKAU=TA E)COIDI/SKETAI H( GH= KAI\ E)CATMI/ZETAI KAI\ U(/LH GI/NETAI TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N U(GRW=N CU/-LWN O(RW=MEN: TO\ GA\R A)/NIKMON OU)D' O(/LWS E)/XEI KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN. O(RA=|S, O(/TI O( U(ETO\S KAI\ POIEI= A)/NEMON KAI\ FQEI/REI TO\N AU)TO/N. O(/TE ME\N GA\R H)=N SFO-DRO\S O( A)/NEMOS, O)LI/GH [2D']2 U(PA/RXEI H( A)TMI/S, THNIKAU=TA DIASKEDANNU/EI AU)TH\N KAI\ OU)K E)A=| PAXUNQH=NAI KAI\ EI)S U(/DWR METABLHQH=NAI. O(/TAN D' H)=| SU/MMETROS A)/NEMOS, POLLH\ DE\ A)TMI/S, TO/TE D' OU(=TOS O( A)/NEMOS DIASALEU/WN KAI\ A)RAIW=N TH\N A)TMI/DA DIAFQEI/REI TH\N SUGKATAMEMIGME/NHN AU)TH=| KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN. EI)=T' E)KEI/NHS XWRISQEI/SHS YU/XETAI H( A)TMI\S KAI\ YUXQEI=SA PAXU/NETAI KAI\ PAXUNQEI=SA EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLETAI. KAI\ I)DOU\ MEMA/QHKAS, PW=S KAI\ O( A)/NE-MOS POIEI= KAI\ FQEI/REI TO\N U(ETO/N. PE/MPTON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O(/TI GA\R A)LHQE/S E)STIN, W)= *(IPPO/KRATES, O(/TI OI( A)/NEMOI E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS GI/-NONTAI, OU)K E)K TOU= A)E/ROS, W(S SU\ FH/|S, DH=LON. O(RW=MEN GA/R, O(/TI TESSA/RWN O)/NTWN A)NE/MWN KAQOLIKW=N OI( ME\N DU/O, A)PHLIW/THS FHMI\ KAI\ ZE/FUROS, OU)/K EI)SI SFODRO/TATOI, BORRA=S DE\ KAI\ NO/TOS TURANNIKW/TATOI/ EI)SIN. AI)/TION DE/, O(/TI E)N ME\N TW=| BOREI/W| KAI\ NOTI/W| PO/LW| MH\ GINO/MENOS O( H(/LIOS OU) QERMAI/NEI TA\ E)KEI=SE XWRI/A, A)LLA\ ME/NEI YUXRA/: YUXRA\ DE\ ME/NONTA A)EI\ E)/NIKMA/ EI)SIN, W(/STE O)/MBRWN POLLW=N GINOME/NWN DIA\ TH\N YU/CIN, EI)=TA TH=S GH=S DIABRO/XOU GINOME/NHS POLLH\ KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS E)KDI/DOTAI, W(S H)/DH EI)/RHTAI: KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN SFODROI\ A)/NEMOI GI/NONTAI O( BORRA=S KAI\ O( NO/TOS. E)N DE\ TOI=S A)NATOLIKOI=S KAI\ TOI=S DUTIKOI=S XWRI/OIS KINOU/MENOS O( H(/LIOS OU)K E)A=| YU/CIN GENE/SQAI POLLH/N, E)/NQEN OU)/TE POLU\S U(ETO/S, E)/NQEN OU)/TE POLLH\ KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS A(/TE TH=S GH=S MH\ DIABRO/XOU GINOME/NHS. OU) GI/NONTAI DIA\ TOU=TO A)/NEMOI SFODROI\ E)N-TEU=QEN. A)LL' A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORH=SAI, PW=S DUNATO\N PA/LIN TA\ NO/TIA ME/RH GI/-NESQAI YUXRA/, EI)/ GE A)LEEINO/TATOS KAI\ A)LHQINW/TATOS A)/NEMO/S E)STIN O( NO/TOS DIA\ TO\ E)/KQERMON KAI\ CHRO/N. H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI LE/GEI EI)=NAI YUXRA\ NU=N OU) TA\ PRO\S H(MA=S, A)LLA\ TA\ W(S PRO\S TO\ PA=N, H)\ KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN LE/GEI E)K TW=N NOTI/WN MERW=N GI/NESQAI POLLH/N, OU) LO/GW| YU/CEWS KAI\ O)/MBRWN, W(/SPER E)N TW=| A)RKTIKW=| ME/REI GI/NETAI, A)LLA\ TW=| POLLH\N EI)=NAI GH=N E)N TOI=S NOTI/OIS @1 ME/RESIN H)/PER E)N TOI=S BOREI/OIS. TO\ GA\R PLE/ON TH=S GH=S E)N TW=| NOTI/W| ME/REI E)STI/N, W(S PRO\S H(MA=S DI/KHN TUMPA/NOU A)NAPEPTAME/NOU, E)N DE\ TOI=S BOREI/OIS DI/KHN O)MFALOU=. DIA\ GOU=N TO\ POLLH\N EI)=NAI GH=N E)N TOI=S NOTI/OIS POLLH\ GI/NE-TAI H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS. TO\ GA\R E)N E(KA/STW| MORI/W| TH=S GH=S E)KEI/NHS A)NADIDO/MENON O)LI/GON EI)S E(\N SUNAQROIZO/MENON POIEI= POLLH\N TH\N A)NAQUMI/ASIN KAI\ SFODRO/TATON A)/NEMON. E)N DE\ TOI=S BOREI/OIS O)LI/GH ME/N E)STIN H( GH=, A)LL' E)/NIKMOS: DIA\ GA\R TH\N YU/CIN O)/MBROI GI/NONTAI, KAI\ DIA\ TO\ E)/NIKMON TH=S GH=S POLLH\ GI/NETAI H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, OU) DIA\ TO\ PLH=QOS TH=S GH=S. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N PARAMUQHTE/ON TO\N LO/GON. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI O( A)/NEMOS A)PO\ KAPNW/DOUS GI/NETAI A)NAQUMIA/SEWS, OU)K A)PO\ A)E/ROS. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N H( LE/CIS. FE/RE DE\ KAI\ H(MEI=S PROSEUPORH/SWMEN. E(/KTON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O(/TI GA\R O( A)/NEMOS E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS, OU)K E)K TOU= A)E/ROS, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ E)N ME/SW| PE-LA/GEI OU)X OU(/TWS E)STI\ SFODRO\S O( A)/NEMOS W(/SPER E)N TOI=S PERI\ TO\N AI)GIALO\N TO/POIS KAI\ KO/LPOIS. TOU/TOU D' AI)/TION, O(/TI E)N TOI=S KO/LPOIS PLHSI/ON E)STI\ TO\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION TOU= A)NE/MOU, LE/GW DH\ H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, H(/TIS A)NIOU=SA E)K TH=S GH=S POIEI= TO\N A)/NEMON: EI) D' H)=N A)H\R KINOU/MENOS O( A)/NEMOS, E)XRH=N KAI\ E)N ME/SW|. E(/BDOMON DE\ KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON E)PIXEI/RHMA TOU=TO: EI), W(S *(IPPOKRA/THS LE/GEI, A)H\R KINOU/MENO/S E)STIN O( A)/NEMOS, E)PEIDA\N O( U(PE\R TA\S A)KRWREI/AS A)H\R MA=LLON KINEI=TAI, LE/GW DH\ O( KUKLOFOROU/MENOS, E)XRH=N MA=LLON E)KEI= SFODRO/TATON EI)=NAI TO\N A)/NEMON, SFODROTE/RWS E)KEI=SE TOU= A)E/ROS KINOU-ME/NOU. A)LLA\ MH\N O(RW=MEN, O(/TI NHNEMI/A E)STI\N E)N TAI=S KORUFAI=S TW=N U(YHLO-TA/TWN O)RW=N, W(S MH/TE GRA/MMATA E)PI\ SPODIA=S GRAFE/NTA SKEDA/NNUSQAI: DH=-LON O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN A)H\R KINOU/MENOS O( A)/NEMOS. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. {1<20*)EPEIDH\ D' E(/TERON E(KATE/RAS TO\ EI)=DOS, FANERO\N O(/TI DIA-FE/REI.>20}1 @*TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON: EI) TW=N DIAFO/RWN EI)DW=N DIA/FORO/S E)STIN H( U(/LH, DH=LON O(/TI U(ETOU= KAI\ A)NE/MOU DIA/FORO/S E)STIN H( U(/LH. {1<20*TO\N GA\R AU)TO\N KINOU/MENON ME\N A)/NEMON EI)=NAI, SUNISTA/-MENON DE\ PA/LIN U(/DWR.>20}1 @*(O ME\N *(IPPOKRA/THS TO\N A)/NEMON E)/LEGEN "3H)E/ROS R(EU=MA KAI\ XEU=MA"3, TOUTE/STIN A)E/RA KINOU/MENON: A)/LLOI DE/ TINES FUSIKOI\ TO\N A)E/RA I(STA/MENON U(/DWR GI/NESQAI, W(S EI)=NAI DH=LON, O(/TI U(/LHN U(ETOU= KAI\ A)NE/MOU MI/AN EI)=NAI TAU/THN E)/FASKON TO\N A)E/RA, O(/PER A)/TOPON: TW=N GA\R DIAFO/RWN EI)DW=N DIA/FOROI KAI\ AI( PROSEXEI=S U(=LAI. @1 {1<20*(/OPER E)N TOI=S PRO\ TOU/TOU LO/GOIS EI)RH/KAMEN U(/DWR GI/-NESQAI E)K TOU/TWN.>20}1 @*KAI/TOI TO\N U(ETO\N E)LE/GOMEN E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS GI/NESQAI: OU)K E)K TOU/TWN GA/R, FHSI/, GI/NETAI, TOUTE/STI TW=N DU/O A)NAQUMIA/SEWN. {1<20*(H ME\N GA\R A)TMI\S KAI\ U(GRO\N KAI\ YUXRO/N.>20}1 @*AU)TH/, FHSI/N, H( A)TMI/S, E)C H(=S GI/NETAI TO\ U(/DWR, U(GRA/ E)STI KAI\ YUXRA/: U(GRA\ ME\N DIA\ TO\ A)O/RISTON, YUXRA\ DE\ DIA\ TO\ METABA/LLEIN EI)S U(/DWR. A)LL' A)/PORO/N E)STI: PW=S GA\R A)NWTE/RW E)/LEGEN AU)TH\N U(GRA\N KAI\ QERMH/N, NU=N DE\ U(GRA\N KAI\ YUXRA/N; H)\ LE/GOMEN: U(GRA\ ME\N KAI\ YUXRA/ E)STI KATA\ FU/SIN [1TOI-OU=TON GA\R KAI\ TO\ U(/DWR]1, U(GRA\ DE\ KAI\ QERMH/ E)STI KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S, E)PEIDH\ E)PI/KTHTON E)/XEI TH\N QERMASI/AN. {1<20*(/WSPER U(/DWR QERMANQE/N.>20}1 @*TINA\ TW=N A)NTIGRA/FWN E)/XEI <20TH\N A)TMI/DA W(S U(/DWR MH\ QERMANQE/N,>20 TINA\ D' <20W(S U(/DWR QERMANQE/N.>20 {1<20*(/WSTE KAQA/PER E)K SUMBO/LWN SUNI/STATAI O( A)/NW A)H\R U(GRO\S KAI\ QERMO/S.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI OU)K E)/XEI I)DI/AN KI/NHSIN A)/NEMOS, A)LLA\ PRO\S TO\ FERO/MENON SW=MA. OU(/TW KAI\ H( KI/NHSIS TOU= A)E/ROS GI/NETAI SU/MBOLON OI(=ON U(PA/RXON TOU= GINOME/NOU SW/MATOS. EI) ME\N GA\R E)PI\ TA\ DECIA\ FE/ROITO TO\ FERO/MENON, R(IPI\S H)\ A)/LLO TI, E)PI\ TA\ DECIA\ KAI\ O( E)K TOU= A)E/ROS A)/NEMOS GINO/MENOS, H)\ E)PI\ TA\ A)RISTERA\ H)\ A)/NW H)\ KA/TW. TOU=TO DE\ PA/SXEI DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI AU)TO\N U(GRO\N KAI\ QERMO/N: U(GRO\S GA\R W)\N KAI\ QERMO\S E)/KLUTO/S E)STIN. O( ME/NTOI A)/NEMOS E)PEIDH\ A)PO\ TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEW/S E)STIN, AU(/TH DE\ QERMH/ E)STI KAI\ CHRA/, OU)X W(S E)/TUXE ME/NEI PRO\S TO\ FERO/-MENON SW=MA, A)LL' W(RISME/NHN E)/XEI TH\N KI/NHSIN, W(/SPER KAI\ OI( POTAMOI/: OU(=-TOI GA\R TH\N AU)TH\N O(DO\N A)EI\ KINOU=NTAI TH\N A)PO\ TW=N PHGW=N E)PI\ TH\N QA/-LASSAN. OU(/TWS OU)=N KAI\ OI( A)/NEMOI, O(/QEN A)\N H)=| KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, E)KEI=QEN PNE/OUSIN, OU)X W(S A)H\R POIEI= A)/NEMON, O(PO/QEN A)\N TU/XH|. DIA/FOROS A)/RA H( U(/LH TOU= A)NE/MOU KAI\ O( A)H/R. @1 {1<20*MARTUREI= DE\ TA\ GINO/MENA TOI=S EI)RHME/NOIS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TO\ TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA. O(/TI GA/R, FHSI/, DIA/FOROS U(/LH TOU= A)NE/MOU KAI\ U(/LH TOU= A)E/ROS, DH=LON: E)N GA\R TOI=S AU)XMHROI=S E)/TESI POLLA\ PNEU/MATA GI/NONTAI, E)N DE\ TOI=S E)PO/MBROIS H(=TTON. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI E)KEI= ME\N POLLH\ H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, E)NTAU=QA DE\ POLLH\ H( A)TMIDW/DHS. {1<20*POLLA/KIS GA\R H( ME\N KU/KLW| XW/RA LAMBA/NEI TOU\S W(RAI/OUS O)/MBROUS.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA H( A)PORI/A, TI/ DH/POTE MH\ PA=SAI AI( U(PO\ TO\N AU)TO\N PARA/L-LHLON PO/LEIS O(MOI/WS A)POLAU/OUSI TOU= AU)XMOU= H)\ TOU= U(ETOU=, A)LL' A)NOMOI/WS. {1<20*AI)/TION D' W(S ME\N TA\ POLLA\ AU)TO\ PA/QOS.>20}1 @*(H PRW/TH E)PI/LUSIS, O(/TI W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON OI)=DE TA\S AI)TI/AS O( FUSIKO/S. {1<20*)EA\N MH/ TI DIA/FORON E)/XWSIN I)/DION.>20}1 @*(H DEUTE/RA E)PI/LUSIS, O(/TI SUMBAI/NEI DIA\ TH\N QE/SIN TH=S PO/LEWS TOU=TO GI/NESQAI. {1<20*OU) MH\N A)LLA\ E)NI/OTE KATA\ ME\N TO/DE TO\ ME/ROS H( CHRA\ A)NAQUMI/ASIS E)GE/NETO.>20}1 @*(H TRI/TH E)PI/LUSIS, O(/TI SUMBAI/NEI KATA\ ME/N TINAS PO/LEIS TA\S U(PO\ TO\N AU)TO\N PARA/LLHLON POLLH\N GI/NESQAI KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN H)\ A)TMIDW/DH, EI)=TA TAU/TAS E)LAU/NESQAI EI)S A)/LLON TO/PON, TH\N ME\N W(=DE, TH\N D' E)KEI=SE: KAI\ O(/POU DA)\N PLEONA/SH| H( KAPNW/DHS, E)KEI=SE AU)XMO\N GI/NESQAI, O(/POU D' H( A)TMIDW/-DHS, U(ETO/N, KATA\ A)NTIPERI/STASIN A)LLH/LWN, W(/SPER KAI\ E)N TOI=S E)NANTI/WS E)/XOUSIN AI( KOILI/AI AI(/ TE A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW. {1<20*)/ETI DE\ META\ TOU\S O)/MBROUS A)/NEMOI W(S TA\ POLLA\ GI/-NONTAI.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TO\ TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI E)C A)LLH/LWN GI/NONTAI OI( A)/NEMOI KAI\ OI( U(ETOI/. PW=S OU)=N E)K TH=S AU)TH=S U(/LHS EI)KO\S AU)TA\ GI/NESQAI E)NANTI/A; TAU=TA GA\R A)/LLHLA GENNW=NTA KAI\ FQEI/RONTA E)NANTI/A EI)SI/N. @1 {1<20*)/ETI DE\ TOU= GI/GNESQAI MA/LISTA PNEU/MATA.>20}1 @*TO\ PE/MPTON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI OI( SFODROI\ A)/NEMOI A)PO\ TW=N NOTI/WN KAI\ TW=N A)RKTW/|WN MERW=N, W(S A)\N E)KEI= GINOME/NHS POLLH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. E)N DE\ TH=| A)NATOLH=| KAI\ TH=| DU/SEI OU) GI/NONTAI SFODROI/, A(/TE TOU= H(LI/OU E)KDAPANW=NTOS TH\N E)KEI=SE GINOME/NHN A)NAQUMI/ASIN KAI\ MH\ E)W=NTOS U(POSTH=NAI. OU)K A)/RA OI( A)/NEMOI U(/LHN E)/XOUSI TO\N A)E/RA. {1<20*)EPEIDH\ PLEI=STON ME\N KATABAI/NEI U(/DWR E)N TOU/TOIS TOI=S TO/POIS.>20}1 @*TH\N AI)TI/AN LE/GEI NU=N, DI' H(\N E)N TOI=S A)RKTW/|OIS KAI\ TOI=S NOTI/OIS SFO-DROI\ GI/NONTAI A)/NEMOI. E)PEIDH\ GA\R OI( TO/POI OU(=TOI YUXROI/ EI)SIN, H( A)TMI\S E)N AU)TOI=S PHGNUME/NH METABA/LLETAI EI)S U(/DWR: E)/NQEN TOU= U(ETOU= GINOME/NOU U(GRAI/NETAI H( GH= KAI\ POLLH\N A)NADI/DWSI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN. {1<20*KALOU=NTAI DE\ OI( A)PO\ TH=S A)/RKTOU BORE/AI, OI( DE\ A)PO\ TH=S MESHMBRI/AS NO/TOI.>20}1 @*)EZH/THSEN O( ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS, TI/ DH/POTE TOU= MESHMBRINOU= O(MOI/WS O)/NTOS KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= NOTI/OU KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= A)RKTIKOU= MO/NON TA\ NO/TIA MESHMBRINA\ LE/GETAI: E)XRH=N GA\R KAI\ TA\ BO/REIA LE/GESQAI MESHMBRINA\ W(S O)/NTOS KA)KEI= TOU= MESHMBRINOU=. KAI\ E)PELU/SATO LE/GWN, O(/TI DIA\ TO\N H(/LION E)PI\ TOU= MESHM-BRINOU= GINO/MENON POIEI=N A(/PER E)N TOI=S NOTI/OIS GINO/MENOS POIEI=. W(/SPER GA\R E)N TOI=S NOTI/OIS ME/RESIN W)\N TH\N SKIA\N H(MW=N POIEI= E)PI\ BORRA=N PI/PTEIN DIA\ TO\ A)FI/STASQAI KATA\ KORUFH/N, OU(/TW KAI\ E)N TW=| MESHMBRINW=| W)\N TO\ AU)TO\ POIEI=: KAI\ OU(/TW GA\R H( SKIA\ H(MW=N E)PI\ BORRA=N PI/PTEI. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*(H DE\ FORA\ AU)TW=N LOCH/ E)STI.>20}1 @*DEI/CAS O( FILO/SOFOS, TI/S H( U(/LH TW=N A)NE/MWN, O(/TI OU)X W(S *(IPPOKRA/THS E)/FHSEN, A)H\R KINOU/MENO/S E)STIN O( A)/NEMOS, A)LL' E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMI-A/SEWS GI/NONTAI, EI)KO/TWS META\ TH\N U(/LHN AU)TW=N PERI\ TH=S LOCH=S KINH/SEWS DIALE/GETAI, E)PEIDH\ E)/XEI A)PORI/AN, PW=S U(PO\ TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS GINO/MENOI LOCH\N E)/XOUSI TH\N KI/NHSIN TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS A)NWFE-ROU=S OU)/SHS KAI\ KOU/FHS, EI)/PER E)C AU)TH=S GI/NONTAI. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI AI)TI/A E)STI\ @1 TH=S LOCH=S TOU= A)NE/MOU KINH/SEWS H( TOU= PANTO\S KUKLOFORI/A. E)/NQEN A)PATH-QEI\S O( *)AFRODISIEU\S KAI\ NOMI/SAS LE/GEIN TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHN PRO\S TH\N FORA\N TOU= PANTO\S KINEI=SQAI TOU\S A)NE/MOUS, TOUTE/STIN A)PO\ A)NATOLW=N EI)S DUSMA/S, [1A)/TOPON GA\R E(/PETAI: E)/DEI GA\R O(/SON E)PI\ TOU/TW| PA/NTAS A)PHLIW/TAS EI)=NAI]1 H)UTOMO/LHSE PRO\S *QEO/FRASTON KAI\ MA=LLON E)KEI=NON A)PODE/XETAI LE/GONTA TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S LOCH=S AU)TW=N KINH/SEWS. E)/LEGE GA\R O( *QEO/FRASTOS, O(/TI LOCW=S KINOU=NTAI OI( A)/NEMOI DIA\ TO\ A)NOMOIOMERH= AU)TW=N EI)=NAI TH\N U(/LHN, TOUTE/STI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN: TO\ ME\N GA\R AU)TH=S E)STI GEW=DES, TO\ DE\ KOU=FON, KAI\ TOU= ME\N E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW BRI/QONTOS, TOU= D' E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW E(/LKONTOS GI/NETAI ME/SH TIS KI/NHSIS LOCH/: KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO LOCW=S OI( A)/NEMOI KINOU=NTAI, W(/SPER KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= KAT' E)KPURHNISMO\N GINOME/NOU DIA/|TTONTOS E)LE/GOMEN. A)LL' AU(/TH ME\N H( U(PO/QESIS E)LH/LEGKTAI E)N TW=| PRW/TW| BIBLI/W|: O( ME/NTOI *)AFRODISIEU\S TAU/THN MA=LLON A)PODE/XETAI H)/PER TH\N *)ARISTOTE/LOUS A)/TOPON OU)=SAN, W(S OI)/ETAI. O( ME/NTOI ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS O( H(ME/TEROS PRO/GONOS OI(=ON TROFEI=A A)PONE/MWN *)ARISTOTE/LEI E)LEUQEROI= AU)TO\N TH=S TOIAU/THS A)TOPI/AS. DEI/KNUSI GA/R, O(/TI OU)X W(S O( *)AFRODISIEU\S W)|H/QH, TOU=TO LE/GEI *)ARISTOTE/LHS, O(/TI PRO\S TH\N FORA\N TOU= PANTO\S KU/KLW| KINOU=NTAI OI( A)/NEMOI [1OU)DAMOU= GA\R TOU=TO E)LE/GXETAI LE/GWN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS]1, A)LL' O(/TI TH=S LOCH=S AU)TW=N KINH/SEWS AI)TI/A E)STI\N H( KUKLO-FORI/A. A)NIOU/SHS GA/R, FHSI\N O( ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS, TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMI-A/SEWS ME/XRI TOU= KUKLOFOROUME/NOU A)E/ROS, TOUTE/STIN U(PE\R TA\S A)KRWREI/AS, KA)KEI/NW| PROSPTAIOU/SHS KAI\ DIELQEI=N AU)TO\N MH\ DUNAME/NHS_TOU=TO ME\N DIA\ TO\ O)CE/WS KINEI=SQAI E)KEI=NON TO\N A)E/RA KAI\ TH=| O)CEI/A| KINH/SEI LANQA/NONTA TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN KAI\ MH\ DIAIROU/MENON DI' AU)TH=S DI/KHN TW=N O)CE/WS PERI-STREFOME/NWN BAUKALI/WN [1KAI\ TAU=TA GA\R E)N AU)TOI=S U(/DWR OU) MEQI/HSI DIA\ TH\N O)CU/THTA TH=S KINH/SEWS]1, TOU=TO DE\ DIA\ TO\ PAXUTE/RAN EI)=NAI E)KEI/NHN TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN KAI\ MH\ EU)QE/WS DIEISDU/NEIN EI)S TO\N KUKLOFOROU/MENON A)E/RA_PROSPTAI/OUSA TOI/NUN AU(/TH TOU/TW| TW=| A)E/RI KAI\ PA/LIN A)POPALLO-ME/NH W(S E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW PEPLANHME/NHN POIEI=TAI TH\N KI/NHSIN, TOUTE/STI LOCH/N: KAI\ GI/NETAI THNIKAU=TA O( A)/NEMOS. AU(/TH ME\N OU)=N H( AI)TI/A TH=S LOCH=S AU)TOU= KINH/SEWS. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ MI/A TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN H( E)PISTH/MH, A)NTI/KEITAI DE\ TH=| KINH/SEI H( STA/SIS, EI)KO/TWS META\ TH\N KI/NHSIN TW=N A)NE/MWN PERI\ STA/SEWS AU)-TW=N DIALE/GETAI, O(/QEN PERI\ NHNEMI/AS DIALAMBA/NEI. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI GI/NETAI NHNEMI/A E)N TAI=S TE/SSARSI W(/RAIS TOU= E)/TOUS, A)LL' OU) DIA\ TH\N AU)TH\N AI)TI/AN TOU= E)/TOUS. E)N ME\N GA\R TW=| QE/REI GI/NETAI NHNEMI/A DIA\ DU/O AI)TI/AS: PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI POLLH\ OU)=SA QERMO/THS A)NALI/SKEI TH\N A)NAQUMI/ASIN, H(/TIS E)STI\N U(/LH TOU= A)NE/MOU, KAI\ OU) GI/NETAI A)/NEMOS. O(/QEN E)N TOI=S PA/NU AU)XMWDESTA/TOIS KATASTH/MASI TOU= QE/ROUS A)/PNOIA U(PA/RXEI PANTELH\S KAI\ PNIGHRO\S O( A)H\R GI/-NETAI. E)/PEITA DE\ KAI\ EI) E)/STI TIS I)KMA\S E)N TH=| GH=|, EI)/H DE\ POLU\ QERMO/TATON TO\ KATA/STHMA, O(/LWS OU) POIEI= A)TMO/N, A)LL' E)CANALI/SKETAI A)QRO/ON DI/KHN @1 A)XU/ROU E)MBLHQE/NTOS E)N MEGA/LH| PURKAI+A=| KAI\ MHDE\ KAPNO\N POIH/SANTOS, A)LL' A)QRO/ON KATAFLEXQE/NTOS. E)N DE\ TW=| XEIMW=NI GI/NETAI NHNEMI/A, O(/TAN GE/NHTAI POLLH\ H( YU/CIS: AU(/TH GA\R KATASBE/NNUSI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN KAI\ E)N-ERGEI=N OU)K E)A=| E)N TOI=S MEGA/LOIS PAGETOI=S, A)/PNOIA D' E)STI\ DIA\ TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI U(/LHN A)NE/MOU. E)N DE\ TW=| E)/ARI GI/NETAI H( NHNEMI/A DIA\ TO\ H)/DH E)KDAPANA=SQAI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN A)PO\ TOU= XEIMW=NOS KAI\ TE/WS MH\ EI)=NAI, E(/WS PA/LIN BRAXEI=SA H( GH= A)NADI/DWSI TO\N A)TMO/N. E)N DE\ TW=| FQINOPW/RW| GI/NETAI NHNE-MI/A DIA\ TO\ KATACHRANQH=NAI TH\N GH=N KAI\ MH\ A)NADI/DOSQAI A)TMO/N, O(/S E)STIN U(/LH TW=N A)NE/MWN, E(/WS OU(= BRAXEI=SA GI/NETAI E)/NIKMOS. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N NHNE-MI/AI GI/NONTAI. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TH=| E)PITOLH=| KAI\ TH=| DU/SEI TOU= *)WRI/WNOS POTE\ ME\N GI/NONTAI NHNEMI/AI, POTE\ D' A)/NEMOI, EI)KO/TWS O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ PERI\ TOU= *)WRI/WNOS DIALE/GETAI. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI A)/KRITO/S E)STI KAI\ XALEPO\S O( *)WRI/WN, TOUTE/STIN A)/TAKTOS KAI\ A)NW/MALO/S E)STIN H( TOU/TOU E)PITOLH\ KAI\ DU/SIS, E)PEIDH\ POTE\ ME\N A)NE/MOUS POIEI=, POTE\ DE\ NHNEMI/AS. A)NW/MALOS D' E)STI/N, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ A)NWMA/LOIS W(/RAIS POIEI= TA\S FA/SEIS: H( ME\N GA\R E)PITOLH\ AU)TOU= E)N TW=| E)/ARI GI/NETAI, O(/TAN O( H(/LIOS E)N *TAU/RW| GE/NHTAI, O(/QEN KAI\ OI( NAUTIKOI\ PARA-FULA/TTONTAI TH\N H(ME/RAN TOU= *PAXW/N, O(/TE GI/NETAI H( E)PITOLH\ TOU= *)WRI/-WNOS, *PAXI/THN AU)TO\N A)POKALOU=NTES DIA\ TO\ E)N TW=| *PAXW\N AU)TO\N GI/NESQAI. H( DE\ KRU/YIS AU)TOU= PA/LIN E)N TW=| FQINOPW/RW| GI/NETAI, O(/TAN O( H(/LIOS E)N TW=| *SKORPI/W|. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N E)N A)NWMA/LOIS W(/RAIS E)/XEI TA\S FA/SEIS, A)NW/MALON POIEI= KAI\ TO\N A)E/RA KATA\ TOU\S A)NE/MOUS. A)LL' EI) KAI\ LE/GW, O(/TI A)NW/MALON TO\ E)/AR KAI\ TO\ FQINO/PWRON, A)LL' OU)X O(MOI/WS. MA=LLON GA\R A)NW/MALON TO\ FQINO/-PWRON H)/PER TO\ E)/AR, E)PEIDH\ E)N ME\N TW=| E)/ARI A)/RXETAI TO\ QERMO\N E)PIKRATEI=N KAI\ O(MALW=S E)PIKRATEI=, MH\ POTE\ ME\N NIKW=N, POTE\ DE\ H(TTW/MENON DIA\ TO\ DRA-STIKW/TATON EI)=NAI, E)N DE\ TW=| FQINOPW/RW| A)/RXETAI TO\ YUXRO\N E)PIKRATEI=N A)NW-MA/LWS, POTE\ ME\N H(TTW/MENON, POTE\ DE\ PERIGINO/MENON. KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO MA=LLON A)NW/MALON TO\ FQINO/PWRON. E)F' OI(=S O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ PERI\ E)THSI/WN DIALE/GETAI. FHSI\ GA/R, O(/TI GI/NONTAI OU(=TOI BO/REIOI META\ EI)/KOSIN H(ME/RAS TH=S QERINH=S TRO-PH=S, TOUTE/STI PERI\ TH\N TOU= *KUNO\S E)PITOLH/N: THNIKAU=TA GA\R TH=S XIO/NOS LUOME/NHS GI/NONTAI AU)=RAI YUXRAI\ BO/REIOI, AI(/TINES E)THSI/AI LE/GONTAI. A)LL' A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORI/AS, TI/ DH/POTE MH\ E)N AU)TH=| TH=| QERINH=| TROPH=| GI/NONTAI OI( E)THSI/AI, O(/TE O( H(/LIO/S E)STI KATA\ KORUFH\N E)N *KARKI/NW|. THNIKAU=TA GA\R QERMO/TATO/S E)STIN: EI) DE\ QERMO/TATOS, LU/ETAI MA=LLON TO/TE H( XIW/N: W(S OU)=N TO/TE LUOME/NHS MA=LLON TO/TE E)/DEI GI/NESQAI TOU\S E)THSI/OUS. META\ DE\ TH\N QERINH\N TROPH/N, E)PEIDH\ A)PE/STH TOU= KATA\ KORUFH\N GINO/MENOS E)N *LE/ONTI, A)MUDROTE/RAN E)/XEI TH\N QERMASI/AN: PW=S OU)=N TO/TE GI/NONTAI OI( E)THSI/AI; H)\ LE/-GOMEN, O(/TI GINO/MENOS KATA\ KORUFH\N O( H(/LIOS QERMO/TATOS ME/N E)STIN, A)LL' OU)X A(/MA TW=| GENE/SQAI QERMO/TATOS LU/EI KAI\ TH\N XIO/NA, A)LLA\ DEI=TAI KAI\ @1 XRO/NOU PRO\S TO\ POIW=SAI TO\N A)E/RA KAI\ QERMA=NAI: EI)=Q' OU(/TWS QERMANQE/NTOS TOU= A)E/ROS LU/ETAI H( XIW/N. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N O)/NTOS TOU= H(LI/OU E)N TH=| QERINH=| TROPH=| QERMOTA/TOU OU)K EU)QE/WS E)POIW/QH O( A)H\R O(/LOS TH=| QERMO/THTI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN OU)K E)LU/QH PA=SA H( XIW/N, A)LL' EI)/ POU EU(RE/QH ME/ROS TI E)C AU)TH=S LEPTO-MERE\S KAI\ EU)/THKTON, E)KEI=NO E)LU/QH MO/NON: OU(= H( A)NADIDOME/NH A)TMI\S BRAXU-TA/TH OU)=SA EU)QE/WS A)NEPO/QH U(PO\ TH=S TOU= H(LI/OU QERMO/THTOS KAI\ OU)K E)POI/-HSEN AU)/RAN, I(/NA GE/NWNTAI E)THSI/AI. O(/TE DE\ LOIPO\N METE/LQH| O( H(/LIOS E)N *LE/-ONTI KAI\ GE/NHTAI LOIPO\N H( TOU= *KUNO\S E)PITOLH\ META\ H)\ H(ME/RAS TH=S QERINH=S TROPH=S, FQA/NEI E)KEI/NH H( QERMO/THS, H(\N A)PE/QETO O( H(/LIOS E)N TW=| A)E/RI, O(/TE H)=N E)N QERINAI=S TROPAI=S, E)KQERMA=NAI TO\N A)E/RA. TO/TE OU)=N E)KQER-MANQEI\S O( A)H\R LU/EI TH\N XIO/NA, KAI\ THNIKAU=TA GI/NONTAI E)THSI/AI. AU(/TH ME\N OU)=N H( AI)TI/A TOU= GI/NESQAI TOU\S E)THSI/AS META\ TA\S QERINA\S TROPA\S KAI\ OU)K E)N AU)TAI=S TAI=S TROPAI=S. E)KEI=NO DE\ PA/LIN A)PORHTE/ON: TI/S H( A)POKLH/RWSIS, W(/STE BOREI/OUS ME\N E)THSI/AS EI)=NAI, MHKE/TI DE\ KAI\ NOTI/OUS; H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI EI)SI\ KAI\ NO/TIOI E)THSI/AI W(S A)PO\ TOU= PRO\S TO\ PA=N NO/TOU, A)LL' H(MI=N A)NEPAI/-SQHTOI/ EI)SI DIA\ TO\ PLEI=STON H(MW=N A)FI/STASQAI. TA/XA DE\ KAI\ OI( E)KEI=SE OI)-KOU=NTES TO\ AU)TO\ A)\N A)PORW=SI, TI/ DH/POTE MO/NON PRO\S AU)TOU\S NO/TIOI/ EI)SIN, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ BO/REIOI E)THSI/AI. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI OU) MO/NON A)PO\ TOU= PRO\S TO\ PA=N NO/TOU EI)SI\N E)THSI/AI, A)LLA\ KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= KAQ' H(MA=S NO/TOU. 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TAU=TA PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*PERI\ GA\R TH\N GH=N PNE/OUSIN A)/NEMOI EI)S O)RQO\N GINOME/NHS TH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS.>20}1 @*)/APORO/N E)STI, FHSI/, PW=S LOCH/ E)STIN H( KI/NHSIS TW=N A)NE/MWN, KAI/TOI TH=S U(/LHS AU)TW=N, TOUTE/STI TH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS, EI)S O)RQO\N KINOUME/NHS, TOUTE/STIN E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW. {1<20*(/OTI PA=S O( KU/KLW| A)H\R SUNE/PETAI TH=| FORA=|.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TH\N AI)TI/AN LE/GEI TH=S LOCH=S KINH/SEWS TW=N A)NE/MWN. E)PEIDH\ GA/R, FHSI/N, O( U(PE\R TA\S A)KRWREI/AS A)H\R SUNE/PETAI TH=| FORA=| TOU= PANTO/S, @1 A)NIOU=SA H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS ME/XRI TOU= A)E/ROS KAI\ MH\ DUNAME/NH U(PER-BH=NAI AU)TO\N DIA\ TO\ E)KEI=NON O)CE/WS KINEI=SQAI KAI\ MH\ FQA/NEIN DIAIREQH=NAI [1XREI/A GA\R PRO\S TOU=TO KAI\ XRO/NOU]1 A)POPA/LLETAI E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW KAI\ TO\ LOI-PO\N PEPLANHME/NWS KINEI=TAI, KAI\ GI/NETAI LOCH\ KI/NHSIS TW=N A)NE/MWN. O( ME/N-TOI *)AFRODISIEU\S TOU=TO MH\ NOH/SAS, A)LL' OI)HQEI\S TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHN TOU\S A)NE/MOUS LE/GEIN SUNE/PESQAI TH=| FORA=| TOU= PANTO\S H)UTOMO/LHSE PRO\S *QEO/-FRASTON KAI\ TH\N E)KEI/NOU MA=LLON A)PODE/XETAI DO/CAN PERI\ TH=S LOCH=S KINH/SEWS. {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ A)PORH/SEIEN A)/N TIS, O(POTE/RWQEN H( A)RXH\ TOU= PNEU/MATOS.>20}1 @<20*(OPOTE/RWQEN>20 "3A)/NWQEN H)\ KA/TWQEN"3 SU\ U(PA/KOUSON, O(/TI A)/NWQEN KAI\ KA/TWQE/N E)STIN H( A)RXH\ TW=N A)NE/MWN. KA/TWQEN ME\N GA\R TO\ U(LIKO\N AU)TW=N AI)/TION, TOUTE/STIN H( A)NAQUMI/ASIS, A)/NWQEN DE\ TO\ POIHTIKO/N, TOUTE/STIN O( KUKLOFOROU/MENOS A)H/R, KAQO\ A)NTWQEI= E)PI\ TO\ KA/TW TH\N A)NAQUMI/ASIN: KAI\ LOIPO\N A)/RXETAI H( LOCH\ AU)TW=N KI/NHSIS GI/NESQAI. O(/TI GA\R A)/NWQEN A)/RXONTAI LOCW=S KINEI=SQAI OI( A)/NEMOI, DH=LON E)K TOU= TA\ NE/FH PRW/TWS AI)SQA/NESQAI TOU/TWN TW=N KINH/SEWN: A)/RXONTAI GA\R PLAGI/WS KINEI=SQAI, EI)=TA A)PO\ TW=N NE-FW=N AI)SQA/NONTAI OI( NAUTIKOI\ TO\N ME/LLONTA PNEI=N A)/NEMON. {1<20*(=HI ME\N GA\R R(EUSEI=TAI TO\ A)NIO/N, E)KEI=QEN TO\ AI)/TION: H( GA\R FORA\ TW=N PO/RRW KURI/A TH=S GH=S.>20}1 @*(/OPOU GA\R A)PE/RXETAI H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS R(EU/SASA A)PO\ TH=S GH=S KAI\ TH=| OI)KEI/A| FORA=| E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW FEROME/NH, E)KEI=NO/ E)STI TO\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION TOU= A)NE/MOU: POU= DE\ A)PE/RXETAI; E)PI\ TO\N KUKLOFOROU/MENON A)E/RA: OU)KOU=N E)C AU)TOU= E)STI TO\ AI)/TION TH=S LOCH=S AU)TW=N KINH/SEWS. KAI\ DIA\ TI/ POIHTIKO\N LE/-GETAI AI)/TION TW=N A)NE/MWN AU)TO\S O( A)H/R; E)PEIDH\ H( FORA\ TW=N PO/RRW TH=S GH=S O)/N-TWN, TOUTE/STI TOU= OU)RANI/OU SW/MATOS, AU(/TH KURI/A E)STI/, TOUTE/STI TO\ KU=ROS E)/XOUSA E)N TOI=S GINOME/NOIS: POIHTIKH\ GA\R AI)TI/A E)STI\ TW=N GINOME/NWN, OU)XI\ U(LIKH/. A)LLA\ MH\N SUMPERIFE/RETAI TOU/TOIS O( A)H\R O( U(PE\R TA\S A)KRWREI/AS: KAI\ OU(=TOS A)/RA TO\ KU=ROS E)/XEI TH=S TW=N A)NE/MWN GENE/SEWS. {1<20*(/OTI D' E)K POLLW=N A)NAQUMIA/SEWN SUNIOUSW=N KATA\ MIKRO/N.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI A)RXO/MENOS ME\N O( A)/NEMOS PNEI=N A)MUDRO\S PNEI=, PRO-KO/PTWN D' W(S E)PI\ A)/LLHN GH=N FERO/MENOS GI/NETAI SFODRO/TEROS DIA\ TO\ SUG-KATAMI/GNUSQAI AU)TW=| A)/LLAS A)NAQUMIA/SEIS E)K TW=N KATA\ ME/ROS, E)F' A(\S E)P-E/RXETAI. @1 {1<20*)/ETI DE\ TA\ PERI\ TH\N A)/RKTON E)N TW=| XEIMW=NI NHNEMI/A.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ EI)=PE PERI\ TH=S KINH/SEWS AU)TW=N, LOIPO\N KAI\ PERI\ TH=S STA/SEWS AU)TW=N DIALE/GETAI. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI GI/NONTAI NHNEMI/AI DI' A)/KRON KAU=MA, W(S E)N QE/REI KAI\ TA\ LOIPA/. A)LL' I)/SWS A)/N TIS EI)/POI: O(/TI EI) E)N TOI=S A)RKTIKOI=S XWRI/OIS DIA\ TH\N YU/CIN H( NHNEMI/A E)STI/, PW=S OI( E)KEI=QEN A)/NEMOI A)RXO/MENOI SFODRO/TATOI/ EI)SIN; H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI E)STI\ PNEUMA/TION LELHQO/TWS E)CIO\N A)PO\ TW=N A)RKTW/|WN MERW=N. OU)/TE GA\R TOIAU/TH GI/NETAI NHNEMI/A, W(/STE KAQO/LOU MH\ EI)=NAI PNEU=MA, A)LLA\ TOU=TO TO\ PNEUMA/TION A)SQENE\S O)\N PRO/EISIN: EI)=TA SUM-MI/GNUTAI AU)TW=| A)/LLH A)NAQUMI/ASIS A)PO\ TH=S E)GXWRI/OU GH=S KAI\ GI/NETAI SFO-DRO/TERON: KAI\ PA/LIN PRO/SW PROBAI/NEI E(/TERON, KAI\ OU(/TWS A)QROISQE\N KATA\ ME/ROS SFODRO/TATON GI/NETAI. {1<20*TI/S ME/N E)STIN H( TOU= A)NE/MOU FU/SIS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN BOULO/MENOS LOIPO\N SUMPERA=NAI TA\ PERI\ TH=S U(/LHS KAI\ TH=S KINH/SEWS TW=N A)NE/MWN A)NAKEFALAIOU=TAI TA\ EI)RHME/NA KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI EI)/RHTAI, <20TI/S H( FU/SIS TOU= A)NE/MOU>20 [1TOUTE/STIN H( U(/LH, O(/TI OU)K A)H/R E)STI KINOU/MENOS, A)LLA\ KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS]1, KAI\ <20PW=S GI/NETAI,>20 O(/TI TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NA-QUMIA/SEWS A)PO\ KA/TWQEN A)NIOU/SHS ME/XRI TOU= KU/KLOU, ME/XRI TOU= A)E/ROS KAI\ A)NTWQOUME/NHS. <20E)/TI DE\ AU)XMOU= TE PE/RI KAI\ E)POMBRI/AS>20 EI)/RHTAI, O(/TI A)LLH/LOIS SUMBA/LLONTAI PRO\S GE/NESIN KAI\ FQORA/N. <20DIA\ TI/ TE BORE/AI KAI\ NO/TOI PLEI=STOI TW=N A)NE/MWN EI)SI/N,>20 EI)/RHTAI: E)PEIDH\ OU)K E)PE/RXETAI O( H(/LIOS TA\ ME/RH TAU=TA, OU) QERMAI/NONTAI: EI)=TA YUXO/MENA POIOU=SIN U(ETO/N, KAI\ BREXOME/NHS TH=S GH=S A)NADI/DOTAI POLU\S A)TMO/S. <20PRO\S DE\ TOU/TOIS KAI\ PERI\ TH=S FORA=S AU)TW=N,>20 O(/TI LOCH\N KI/NHSIN KINOU=NTAI OU) KA/TWQEN A)RXO/-MENOI, A)LL' A)/NWQEN, W(S DHLOU=SI TA\ NE/FH PRW=TON KINOU/MENA U(P' AU)TW=N H)/PER TA\ FUTA/. O( DE\ H(/LIOS KAI\ TH=S STA/SEWS AU)TW=N E)STIN AI)/TIOS W(/SPER E)N TW=| QE/REI [1H)\ MARAI/NWN AU)TW=N TH\N U(/LHN H)\ DIAFQEI/RWN AU)TOU= TH\N QERMO/THTA, H)\ A)/NTIKRUS A)NALI/SKETAI W(/SPER A)/XURON E)N PURKAI+A=|]1, A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TH=S KI-NH/SEWS. A)NE/LKWN GA\R TH\N E)K TH=S GH=S U(GRO/THTA POIEI= KAPNW/DH A)NAQU-MI/ASIN, H(/TIS E)STI\N U(/LH TW=N A)NE/MWN. KALW=S D' EI)=PE <20SUNECORMW=N>20 E)NDEI-KNU/MENOS, O(/TI OU) MO/NON O( H(/LIO/S E)STIN AI)/TIOS TOU= A)NE/MOU, A)LLA\ KAI\ H( GH=, E)C H(=S EI)SIN OI( A)TMOI/. {1<20*DIO\ PERI\ *)WRI/WNOS A)NATOLH\N MA/LISTA GI/NONTAI NHNE-MI/AI, KAI\ ME/XRI TW=N E)THSI/WN KAI\ PRODRO/MWN.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ PERI\ NHNEMIW=N E)MNHMO/NEUSEN, EI)KO/TWS KAI\ PERI\ TOU= *)WRI/WNOS @1 MNHMONEU/EI, W(S E)PI\ TH=S E)PITOLH=S AU)TOU= GINOME/NHS NHNEMI/AS, TOUTE/STIN E)N TW=| E)/ARI DIA\ TO\ H)/DH PRODEDAPANH=SQAI TH\N U(/LHN TW=N A)NE/MWN E)N TW=| XEI-MW=NI. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI E)PIKRATEI= H( NHNEMI/A ME/XRI TW=N PRODRO/MWN, TOUTE/STI TW=N PRO\S TW=N SFODROTA/TWN E)THSI/WN: PNEO/NTWN E)THSI/WN GA\R GI/NONTAI OI(=ON PROETHSI/AI A)/NEMOI. {1<20*AI( DE\ PLEI=STAI KAI\ E)N TAI=S A)NA\ ME/SON W(/RAIS.>20}1 @*KAI\ E)N TW=| E)/ARI, FHSI/, KAI\ E)N TW=| FQINOPW/RW| GI/NONTAI NHNEMI/AI, [2H)\ DIA\ TO\ H)/DH E)KDAPANA=SQAI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN, W(S E)N TW=| E)/ARI,]2 H)\ DIA\ TO\ MH/PW GEGENH=SQAI, W(S E)N TW=| FQINOPW/RW|. EI) ME\N GA\R MH\ U(GRANQH=| H( GH=, OU) GI/NETAI A)TMO\S KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU)/TE A)/NEMOS. {1<20*)/AKRITOS DE\ KAI\ XALEPO\S O( *)WRI/WN EI)=NAI DOKEI=.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ A)/TAKTON LE/GEI TO\N *)WRI/WNA DIA\ TO\ E)N TAI=S A)NWMA/LOIS W(/RAIS POI-EI=SQAI TA\S FA/SEIS KAI\ O(/TI E)PI\ POLLA\S H(ME/RAS KRATOU=SIN AU)TOU= AI( FA/SEIS DIA\ TO\ ME/GEQOS TOU= A)/STROU. {1<20*OI( D' E)THSI/AI PNE/OUSI META\ TA\S TROPA\S KAI\ *KUNO\S E)PITOLH/N.>20}1 @*METH=LQEN EI)S TO\N PERI\ TW=N E)THSI/WN LO/GON KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI META\ TA\S QERINA\S TROPA\S PERI\ TH\N TOU= *KUNO\S E)PITOLH\N PNE/OUSI META\ EI)/KOSIN H(ME/RAS TH=S QERINH=S TROPH=S. A)LL' A)/TOPON LE/GEIN META\ TA\S EI)/KOSIN H(ME/RAS E)N TH=| TOU= *KUNO\S E)PITOLH=|: OU) GA\R EI)/KOSI MO/NON EI)SI\N H(ME/RAI, A)LLA\ A)PO\ TH=S TROPH=S ME/XRI TH=S E)PITOLH=S TOU= *KUNO/S. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI DITTH\ H( E)PITOLH/, H( ME\N A)LHQH/S, H( DE\ FAINOME/NH. H( ME\N OU)=N A)LHQH/S E)STIN H( SU/NODOS TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ TOU= *KUNO/S, H( DE\ FAINOME/NH, O(/TAN E)KFUGH=| TA\S H(LIAKA\S AU)GA\S O( *KU/WN KAI\ O)FQH=| TH=| H(MW=N O)/YEI. A)PO\ OU)=N TH=S TROPH=S ME/XRI TH=S A)LHQOU=S E)PITOLH=S EI)SIN EI)/KOSIN H(ME/RAI, ME/XRI DE\ TH=S FAINOME/NHS KAT' A)/MFW OU)=N A)LHQE/S. {1<20*KAI\ OU)/TE THNIKAU=TA O(/TE MA/LISTA PLHSIA/ZEI O( H(/LIOS, OU)/TE O(/TE PO/RRW.>20}1 @*OU)/TE O(/TAN O( H(/LIOS E)N TW=| KATA\ KORUFH/N E)STI, TOUTE/STIN E)N TAI=S QERI-NAI=S TROPAI=S, GI/NONTAI OI( E)THSI/AI, OU)/TE O(/TAN PO/RRW GE/NHTAI TOU= KATA\ KO-RUFH/N, OI(=ON E)N *PARQE/NW|, A)LL' O(/TAN A)POSTH=| TH=S TROPH=S H)\ MOI/RAS MO/NON, TOUTE/STIN O(/TAN E)N *LE/ONTI GE/NHTAI. @1 {1<20*KAI\ TA\S ME\N H(ME/RAS PNE/OUSI, TA\S DE\ NU/KTAS PAU/ONTAI.>20}1 @*)EPEI\ H(ME/RAS ME\N H( QERMO/THS LU/EI TH\N XIO/NA, H(=S LUOME/NHS GI/NETAI AU)/RA YUXRA/, E)C H(=S OI( E)THSI/AI GI/NONTAI: TH\N DE\ NU/KTA OU) LU/ETAI DIA\ TO\ YU=XOS OU)/TE AU)/RA GI/NETAI. {1<20*AI)/TION DE/, O(/TI PLHSI/ON ME\N W)\N FQA/NEI CHRA=NAI PRI\N GENE/SQAI TH\N A)NAQUMI/ASIN.>20}1 @*TH\N AI)TI/AN LE/GEI, DIA\ TI/ MH\ E)N TAI=S QERINAI=S TROPAI=S O)/NTOS TOU= H(LI/OU GI/NONTAI OI( E)THSI/AI, A)LLA\ META\ EI)/KOSIN H(ME/RAS. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI O( H(/LIOS GINO/MENOS KATA\ KORUFH\N QERMO/TATOS W)\N LU/EI TH\N XIO/NA KAI\ TH\N GINOME/NHN AU)/RAN E)K TH=S LU/SEWS A)NACHRAI/NEI KAI\ E)KDAPANA=|, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO E)THSI/AI OU) GI/NONTAI THNIKAU=TA. A)LLA\ FAI/NETAI A)NTIFA/SKWN E(AUTW=| O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS: PARAKATIW\N GA\R E)REI=, O(/TI A)FISTAME/NOU TOU= H(LI/OU: KATA\ KORUFH\N GA\R W)\N OU) LU/EI A)POSTA/S. OU)KOU=N E)PILUTE/ON. TH=S XIO/NOS TA\ ME/N EI)SIN EU)PAQH= KAI\ EU)/FQARTA, TA\ DE\ DU/SFQARTA KAI\ PA/NU PEPHGO/TA. O(/TAN OU)=N O( H(/LIOS GE/NH-TAI KATA\ KORUFH/N, EI) KAI\ QERMO/TATO/S E)STI THNIKAU=TA, A)LLA\ OU) PA/NU TO\N A)E/RA E)CEPU/RWSE TE/WS: DEI=TAI GA\R OU) MO/NON TOU= POIOU=NTOS KAI\ TOU= PA/SXON-TOS TO\ GINO/MENON, A)LLA\ KAI\ XRO/NOU. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N OU) TE/WS E)CEPU/RWSEN AU)-TO/N, E)CEPU/RWSE D' O(/MWS, TA\ ME\N EU)/FQARTA KAI\ EU)DIA/LUTA MO/RIA TH=S XIO/NOS DIE/LUSE KAI\ TH\N GINOME/NHN AU)/RAN BRAXEI=A/N TE OU)=SAN E)CEDAPA/NHSE, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU)K E)GE/NONTO E)THSI/AI TO/TE. A)POSTA\S DE\ TOU= KATA\ KORUFH\N BRAXU/ TI, E)PEIDH\ O( XRO/NOS E)N ME/SW| PARE/DRAMEN, E)CEQERMA/NQH O( A)H\R KAI\ LOIPO\N TA\ DU/STHKTA KAI\ PEPHGO/TA MO/RIA TH=S XIO/NOS DIE/LUSE, KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN AU)/RAS POLLH=S A)NADOQEI/SHS OI( SFODROI\ E)THSI/AI TO/TE GI/NONTAI. {1<20*(/OTAN D' A)PE/LQH| MIKRO/N, SU/MMETROS H)/DH GI/NETAI H( QER-MO/THS, O(/TAN TA\ PEPHGO/TA U(/DATA TH/KETAI.>20}1 @*OU)X O(/TI SU/MMETROS GI/NETAI H( QERMO/THS TOU= H(LI/OU, DIA\ TOU=TO TA\ PE-PHGO/TA U(/DATA TH/KONTAI, A)LL' O(/TI E)N TW=| XRO/NW| O( H(/LIOS SUMME/TRWS GI/NETAI QERMO/S, TOUTE/STIN E)N TW=| XRO/NW|, W(=| A)FI/STATAI O( H(/LIOS A)PO\ TOU= KATA\ KO-RUFH/N, FQA/NEI H( QERMO/THS KATAKRATH=SAI TOU= PEPHGO/TOS KAI\ AU)TOU= TOU= A)E/ROS. {1<20*)APOROU=SI/ TINES, DIA\ TI/ BORE/AI ME\N GI/NONTAI SUNEXEI=S.>20}1 @*(H A)PORI/A E)NTEU=QEN H( LE/GOUSA, TI/ DH/POTE A)EI\ BOREI/WN TW=N E)THSI/WN AI)SQANO/MEQA, OU)DE/POTE DE\ NOTI/WN. @1 {1<20*GI/GNONTAI ME\N GA\R OI( KALOU/MENOI LEUKO/NOTOI TH\N A)NTI-KEIME/NHN W(/RAN.>20}1 @*(H E)PI/LUSIS, O(/TI GI/NONTAI ME\N E)K TOU= NO/TOU PRO\S TO\ PA=N, A)LL' OU)K AI)SQANO/MEQA AU)TW=N DIA\ POLLH\N A)PO/STASIN, H)\ O(/TI GI/NONTAI A)PO\ TOU= PRO\S H(MA=S NO/TOU, A)LL' A)MUDROI\ KAI\ OU) SUNEXEI=S. GI/NONTAI D' E)N TH=| A)NTIKEIME/NH| W(/RA| TW=| QE/REI, TOUTE/STI TW=| XEIMW=NI: PERI\ GA\R TA\ TE/LH TOU= XEIMW=NOS GI/-NONTAI META\ E(BDOMH/KONTA H(ME/RAS TH=S XEIMERINH=S TROPH=S, O(/TAN O( H(/LIOS E)N *)IXQU/SIN H)=| PLHSI/ON TOU= *KRIOU=, U(F' O(/N E)STIN H( DIAKEKAUME/NH. {1<20*DIO\ LANQA/NONTES POIOU=SIN E)PIZHTEI=N.>20}1 @*)AMUDROI/ EI)SIN OU(=TOI OI( E)THSI/AI, W(S LANQA/NEIN AU)TOU/S, PO/QEN PNE/OUSIN, EI)/TE A)PO\ NO/TOU EI)/TE A)PO\ BORRA=. {1<20*AI)/TION DE/, O(/TI O( ME\N BORRA=S E)K TOU= U(PO\ TH\N A)/RKTON PNEI=.>20}1 @*(H A)/LLH E)PI/LUSIS, O(/TI H(MEI=S MAKRA\N O)/NTES TOU= PRO\S TO\ PA=N NO/TOU OU)K E)PAISQANO/MEQA TW=N E)KEI=QEN E)THSI/WN, A)LLA\ MO/NWN TW=N A)PO\ BORRA= GI-NOME/NWN W(S E)GGU\S O)/NTES, E)PEIDH\ POLLH\ XIW\N GI/NETAI E)N TOI=S BOREI/OIS TO/POIS, H(=S LUOME/NHS AI)SQANO/MEQA TW=N E)THSI/WN. {1<20*(=WN THKOME/NWN U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU META\ TA\S QERINA\S TROPA\S MA=LLON H)\ E)N AU)TAI=S.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ H( LE/CIS, E)/NQA DOKEI= A)NTIFA/SKEIN E(AUTW=| O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. A)NW-TE/RW ME\N GA\R EI)=PEN, O(/TI E)N AU)TAI=S TAI=S QERINAI=S GI/NETAI H( TH=CIS TH=S XI-O/NOS, E)NTAU=QA D' O(/TI META\ TA\S QERINA\S TROPA\S MA=LLON. H(MEI=S DE\ DIH|TH/-SAMEN TO\N LO/GON, W(S EI)/RHTAI. {1<20*)/ETI D' E)GGU\S EI)/H.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STIN I(/NA MH/ PWS PA/NU A)POSTH=| O( H(/LIOS TOU= KATA\ KORUFH/N, E)PEI\ OU)KE/TI OU)DE\ PNIGHRO\S O( A)H\R GI/NETAI, TOUTE/STI QERMO/S, OU)/TE LU/ETAI H( XIW/N. {1<20*OU) SUNEXEI=S DE\ O(MOI/WS PNE/OUSI, DIO/TI TA\ ME\N E)PIPOLH=S KAI\ A)SQENH= TO/TE A)POKRI/NETAI.>20}1 @*)AMUDROI\ KAI\ OU) SUNEXEI=S PNE/OUSIN OI( O)RNIQI/AI A)/NEMOI, TOUTE/STIN OI( @1 XEIMERINOI\ E)THSI/AI, E)PEIDH\ OU)K E)/XOUSIN U(/LHN POLLH/N. OU)/TE GA\R POLLH\ XIW\N LU/ETAI THNIKAU=TA E)/TI TOU= A)E/ROS YUXROU= O)/NTOS, A)LLA\ MO/NH H( LEPTH\ KAI\ EU)/LUTOS. {1<20*)EPEI\ QE/LEI GE O(/TI MA/LISTA SUNEXW=S E)NTEU=QEN A)EI\ PNEI=N A)/NEMOS.>20}1 @*DIA\ TO\ MH\ EU(RI/SKEIN U(/LHN A)MUDROI/ EI)SIN OI( NO/TIOI E)THSI/AI, TOUTE/STI DIA\ TO\ MH\ LU/ESQAI POLLH\N XIO/NA, E)PEI/ TOI/ GE O(/SON E)PI\ TW=| NO/TW| A)EI\ PNE/OUSIN A)/NEMOI SFODROI/, EI) MHDE\N EI)/H TO\ KWLU=ON, DIA\ TO\ POLLH\N EI)=NAI TH\N GH=N NO-TI/AN KAI\ E)K TAU/THS A)NADI/DOSQAI POLU\N A)TMO/N. KAI\ O(/RA, PW=S O( FILO/SOFOS TO\ <20QE/LEIN>20 E)PI\ A)YU/XOU LE/GEI. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*(O DE\ NO/TOS A)PO\ TH=S QERINH=S TROPH=S PNEI= KAI\ OU)K A)PO\ TH=S E(TE/RAS A)/RKTOU.>20}1 @*FE/RE TO\ PROANABLHQE\N TH=| PROTERAI/A| KAQA/PER TI XRE/OS A)PODW/SOMEN KAI\ ZHTH/SWMEN, PW=S DUNATO/N E)STI KATASKEUA/SAI, O(/TI O( NO/TOS A)/NEMOS OU)K A)PO\ TOU= NO/TOU PRO\S TO\ PA=N E)NQA/DE PNEI=, OU)K A)PO\ TH=S XEIMERINH=S TROPH=S, A)LL' A)PO\ TH=S PRO\S H(MA=S OI)KOUME/NHS, TOUTE/STIN A)PO\ TW=N QERINW=N TROPW=N. A)LL' I(/NA TOU=TO POIH/SWMEN, FE/RE TH\N PA=SAN GH=N DIELO/NTES EI)/S TINA TMH/MATA TAU/TH| TH=| DIAIRE/SEI TH=S GH=S W(S LH/MMATI XRHSW/MEQA. DEI= TOI/NUN ME/GISTON KU/KLON NOH=SAI PERI\ TA\ PE/RATA TH=S GH=S O)/NTA KAI\ PERIE/XONTA TH\N SU/M-PASAN GH=N. OU(=TOS KEKLH/SQW O(RI/ZWN. TOU/TOU TOI/NUN TEQE/NTOS TO\ ME/SON AU)TOU= %2%2%2 TOUTE/STIN OI(/TINES E)FA/PTONTAI TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS KATA\ DU/O SH-MEI=A E(/KASTOS. A)/LLOS DE/ TIS KU/KLOS ME/GISTOS E)GKARSI/WS TEMNE/TW TOU\S [DU/O] KU/KLOUS: TEMNE/SQW DE\ KAI\ AU)TO\S U(PO\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS KATA\ DU/O SHMEI=A W(/SPER KAI\ OI( A)/LLOI. TOU/TWN OU(/TW KATASKEUASQE/NTWN METACU\ TW=N PARALLH/LWN KAI\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS E(/C TINES XW=RAI E)NAPOLAMBA/NONTAI: TREI=S ME\N E)K DECIW=N TOU= ME/SOU PARALLH/LOU, O(/STIS KAI\ ME/GISTO/S E)STI PA/NTWN DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI DIA/-METRON TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS [1EI)/RHTAI GA\R E)N GEWMETRI/A|, O(/TI MEGI/STH EU)QEI=A E)N KU/KLW| E)STI\N H( DIA/METROS]1, TREI=S D' E)C A)RISTERW=N. KALOU=NTAI D' OI( ME\N A)KROPO/LOI OI( PARA/LLHLOI, OI(/TINE/S EI)SI PLHSI/ON TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS, O( ME\N A)RKTI-KO/S, O( DE\ A)NTARKTIKO/S. META\ DE\ TO\N A)RKTIKO\N O( [2AU)]2TW=| E)FECH=S PARA/LLHLOS QERINO\S KEKLH/SQW TROPIKO/S, O( D' E)FECH=S KEI/MENOS TW=| QERINW=| TROPIKW=|, @1 O(/STIS KAI\ ME/GISTO/S E)STI DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI DIA/METRON, I)SHMERINO\S TROPIKO/S: O( D' E)FECH=S AU)TW=| A)NALO/GWS KEI/MENOS TW=| QERINW=| TROPIKW=| XEIMERINO\S TROPIKO\S KEKLH/SQW. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN AI( ME\N METACU\ XW=RAI TW=N DU/O A)KROPO/-LWN, TOU= TE A)RKTIKOU= KAI\ TOU= A)NTARKTIKOU=, O)MFALOI\ KEKLH/SQWSAN A)PO\ TOU= SXH/MATOS, E)PEIDH\ W(S TMH/MATA MIKRA\ KU/KLOU EI)SI/N: AI( DE\ METACU\ TOU= QERINOU= TROPIKOU= KAI\ TOU= A)RKTIKOU= PO/LOU, O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ E)N TW=| A)/LLW| ME/REI METACU\ TOU= A)NTARKTIKOU= KAI\ TOU= XEIMERINOU= TROPIKOU=, AU(=TAI AI( XW=RAI TU/M-PANA KEKLH/SQWSAN DIA\ TO\ E)OIKE/NAI KW/NOIS KOLOU/ROIS. H( DE\ METACU\ TOU= QERINOU= TROPIKOU= KAI\ TOU= XEIMERINOU= XW/RA, E)N H(=| A)POLAMBA/NETAI KAI\ O( I)SH-MERINO\S TROPIKO/S, DIAKEKAUME/NH KEKLH/SQW. TOU/TWN OU(/TW PRODIATUPW-QE/NTWN I)STE/ON, O(/TI TOU/TWN TW=N E(\C TMHMA/TWN DU/O MO/NON OI)KOU=NTAI, LE/GW DH\ AI( METACU\ TOU= A)RKTIKOU= PO/LOU KAI\ TOU= QERINOU= TROPIKOU=, E)/NQA KAI\ H(MEI=S OI)KOU=MEN, H(/TIS EI)S E(PTA\ KLI/MATA TE/MNETAI, A)/LLH DE\ H( TAU/THS A)NA/LOGOS AU(/TH E)STI\N H( METACU\ A)NTARKTIKOU= PO/LOU KAI\ XEIMERINH=S TROPH=S. A)LLA\ AU(/TH LO/GW| MO/NON OI)KEI=TAI DIA\ TO\ U(PAGOREU/EIN TO\N LO/GON EU)/KRATON EI)=NAI W(/SPER KAI\ TH\N KAQ' H(MA=S ZW/NHN. OU)K A)KRIBW=S D' I)/SMEN, TI/NES OI)KOU=SIN E)KEI=SE, DIA\ TO\ MH\ DU/NASQAI MH/TE H(MA=S E)KEI=SE POREU/ESQAI MH/T' E)KEI/NOUS PRO\S H(MA=S DIA\ TH\N DIAKEKAUME/NHN ZW/NHN METACU\ OU)=SAN. OU) ME/NTOI AI( A)PO\ TOU= A)RKTIKOU= PO/LOU KAI\ A)NTARKTIKOU= E)MPERIEXO/MENAI XW=RAI OI)KOU=NTAI DIA\ TO\ % ME/SON TO\ YU=XOS EI)=NAI, H( DE\ METACU\ TOU= QERINOU= TROPIKOU= KAI\ TOU= XEIMERINOU=, E)N H(=| KAI\ O( I)SHMERINO\S A)POLAMBA/NETAI, E)/NQA KAI\ TO\ MESAI/-TATO/N E)STI TH=S GH=S, OU)KE/TI DI' A)/METRON QERMO/THTA. DIA\ TOU=TO GA\R KAI\ DIAKEKAUME/NH ZW/NH LE/GETAI. EI) D' OI)KOU=SI/ TINES, PARA\ FU/SIN OI)KOU=SIN E)PI\ U(/DATOS NHXO/MENOI PA=SAN W(/RAN DIA\ TO\ KAU=MA. OU(/TWS TH=S DIAIRE/SEWS TH=S GH=S E)KTEQEI/SHS KAI\ TAU=TA W(S LH=MMA LABO/NTES KATASKEUA/SOMEN LOIPO/N, O(/TI OU) PNEI= O( NO/TOS A)PO\ TOU= NOTI/OU PO/LOU, TOUTE/STI TOU= A)NTARKTIKOU=, EI)S TH\N KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOUME/NHN: OU) GA\R A)FIKNEI=TAI TO\ PNEU=MA ME/XRI H(MW=N E)KEI=QEN DIA\ TA\ POLLA\ DIASTH/MATA. EI) GA\R O(RW=MEN, % O(/TI H(MEI=S PRO\S TH=| A)/RKTW| OI)KOU=NTES, O(/QEN O( BORRA=S PNEI=, O(/MWS E)CASQENEI= DIA\ TO\ POLU\ DIA/STHMA [1OU) GA\R O(MOI/WS PNEI= E)N TH=| *(ELLA/DI KAI\ E)N TW=| *(ELLHSPO/NTW|, A)LLA\ POU= ME\N SFODRO/TERON EI)S TA\ PLHSIAI/TERA AU)TOU= XWRI/A, POU= DE\ A)MUDRO/TERON EI)S TA\ PO/RRW]1, PW=S OU)XI\ E)CASQENH/SEI O( NO/TOS E)K TH=S A)NTOIKOUME/NHS, TOUTE/STIN A)PO\ TOU= NOTI/OU PO/LOU PNE/WN PRO\S H(MA=S; OU)K A)/RA E)KEI=QEN PNEI= O( NO/TOS. A)LLA\ MH\N OU)/TE A)PO\ TW=N XEIMERINW=N TROPW=N. XRH\ GA/R, EI)/PER O(/LWS TOU=TO H)=N, META\ H(ME/RAS TH=S XEIMERINH=S TROPH=S PNEI=N TOU\S LEUKONO/TOUS, TOUTE/STI TOU\S E)THSI/AS NO/TOUS, W(/SPER KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S QERINH=S TROPH=S GENOME/NOU TOU= H(LI/OU META\ H(ME/RAS E)/PNEON OI( E)THSI/AI BORE/AI. NU=N DE\ META\ E(BDOMH/KONTA H(ME/RAS TH=S XEIMERINH=S TROPH=S E)KEI=NOI PNE/OUSIN: OU)K A)/RA E)KEI=QEN PNEI= O( KAQ' @1 H(MA=S NO/TOS. A)LLA\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI A)PO\ TH=S QERINH=S TROPH=S A)/RXETAI PNEI=N PRO\S H(MA=S, TOUTE/STIN A)PO\ TOU= TO/POU TOU= PERIORIZOME/NOU A)PO\ TOU= QERINOU= TROPIKOU= KAI\ TOU= A)RKTIKOU= PO/LOU: KAI\ GA\R E)N TOU/TW| PERIORI/ZONTAI BO/REIA KAI\ TA\ NO/TIA ME/RH MERIKA/, W(/SPER KAI\ E)N TOI=S DECIOI=S A)RISTERA\ KAI\ E)N TOI=S A)RI-STEROI=S DECIA/. OU(/TW KATASKEUA/SAS O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI OU)K A)PO\ TOU= NO/TOU % TOU/TOU PA/NTWS OU)/TE A)PO\ TOU= XEIMERINOU= TROPIKOU= PNEI= O( KAQ' H(MA=S NO/TOS, A)LL' A)PO\ TOU= QERINOU= TROPIKOU=, PARADI/DWSI TO\ POSO\N KAI\ TH\N DIAFORA\N TOU= A)NE/MOU KAI\ TH\N QE/SIN. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI PE/NTE PARALLH/LWN KU/KLWN KEI-ME/NWN E)NTO\S TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS KAI\ E(NO\S E)GKARSI/OU TOU= TE/MNONTOS PA/NTAS TOU\S KU/KLOUS, TOUTE/STI TOU= MESHMBRINOU=, TOU/TOU DE\ TOU= E(/KTOU KU/KLOU TEMNOME/NOU U(PO\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS KATA\ DU/O SHMEI=A E)PI\ E(KA/STOU KU/KLOU [1KU/KLOS GA\R KU/KLON OU) TE/MNEI E)KTO/S, EI) MH\ KATA\ DU/O SHMEI=A]1 GI/NONTAI DW/DEKA TMH/MATA. A)F' E(KA/STOU DE\ TMH/MATOS EI(=S A)/NEMOS PNEI=: DH=LON OU)=N, O(/TI DW/DEKA/ EI)SIN A)/NEMOI. A)PO\ GA\R TH=S A)RXH=S TOU= I)SHMERINOU= TROPIKOU= A)RCA/MENOS E)KQH/SOMAI GRAM-MIKW=S TOU\S A)NE/MOUS. E)/STW GA\R KU/KLOS ME/GISTOS O( O(RI/ZWN, KAI\ TOU/TOU H)/XQWSAN DU/O DIA/METROI TE/MNOUSAI A)LLH/LAS PRO\S O)RQA\S GWNI/AS KATA\ TO\ *R SHMEI=ON, H( *A*B KAI\ *H*Q, AI(/TINE/S EI)SIN O( I)SHMERINO\S PO/LOS KAI\ O( MESHM-BRINO/S. KAI\ TW=| I)SHMERINW=| PO/LW| PAR' E(KA/TERA TA\ ME/RH KEI/SQWSAN PAR-A/LLHLOI EU)QEI=AI I)/SON A)PE/XOUSAI TOU= KE/NTROU, H( *Z*E KAI\ H( *D*G, KAI\ E)P-EZEU/XQW H( *Z*G KAI\ H( *D*E. FANERO/N, O(/TI KAI\ H( *Z*G KAI\ H( *D*E DIA/METROI/ EI)SI: TE/MNOUSI GA\R E(AUTA/S TE KAI\ TH\N *A*B KAI\ TH\N *H*Q KATA\ TO\ *R SHMEI=ON, O(/PER E)STI\ KE/NTRON TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS. KEI/SQW D' A)/LLH PARA/LLHLOS TH=| *Z*E, TOUTE/STI TW=| QERINW=| TROPIKW=|, H( *K*L, KAI\ E)/STW AU(/TH A)RKTIKO\S PO/LOS. PA/LIN D' O(MOI/WS TH=| *D*G XEIMERINW=| TROPIKW=| KEI/SQW PARA/LLHLOS H( *M*N, H(/TIS E)STI\N %2%2%2 [OU(/TW LE/GETAI DIA\ TO\ A)PO\ ZOFW/DOUS PNEI=N TO/POU] NO/TIOS PO/LOS H)\ A)NTARKTIKO/S. TOU/TOU OU(/TWS E)/XONTOS A)PO\ ME\N TOU= *A, E)/NQA E)STI\ DU/SIS I)SH-MERINH/, PNEI= O( ZE/FUROS: [2OU(/TW LE/GETAI DIA\ TO\ A)PO\ ZOFW/DOUS PNEI=N TO/POU.]2 A)PO\ DE\ TOU= *B, E)/NQA E)STI\N A)NATOLH\ I)SHMERINH/, PNEI= O( A)PHLIW/THS: LE/GETAI DE\ OU(/TW DIA\ TO\ E)KEI=QEN A)NI/SXEIN TO\N H(/LION. A)PO\ DE\ TOU= *H, E)/NQA E)STI\N O( A)RKTIKO\S PO/LOS, PNEI= O( A)PARKTI/AS: A)PO\ DE\ TOU= *Q, E)/NQA E)STI\N O( NO/TIOS PO/-LOS, PNEI= O( NO/TOS. A)PO\ DE\ TOU= *Z, E)/NQA E)STI\N H( QERINH\ A)NATOLH/, PNEI= O( KAIKI/AS: A)PO\ DE\ TOU= *G, E)/NQA E)STI\N H( XEIMERINH\ DU/SIS, PNEI= O( LI/Y. A)PO\ DE\ TOU= *D, E)/NQA E)STI\N H( XEIMERINH\ A)NATOLH/, O( EU)=ROS PNEI=: A)PO\ DE\ TOU= *E, E)/NQA E)STI\N H( QERINH\ DU/SIS, PNEI= O( A)RGE/STHS, O(\N O( *PTOLEMAI=S *)IA/PUGA PROS- @1AGOREU/EI. OU(=TOI ME\N OI( O)KTW\ A)/NEMOI E)NANTI/OI EI)SI/N, E)PEIDH\ KATA\ DIA/METRON A)LLH/LWN EI)SI/N: AI( GA\R EU)QEI=AI, E)C W(=N PNE/OUSI, DIA\ TOU= KE/NTROU TOU= *R TH=S @3 GH=S PARE/RXONTAI, AI( DE\ TOU= KE/NTROU PA=SAI DIA/METROI/ EI)SIN. A)/LLOS DE\ A)/NEMOS A)PO\ TOU= *K, TOUTE/STIN A)PO\ TH=S MIA=S TOMH=S TOU= A)RKTIKOU= PO/LOU, KAI\ KA-LEI=TAI OU(=TOS BORE/AS H)\ ME/SHS, O(/S E)STI METACU\ KAIKI/OU KAI\ A)PARKTI/OU. A)/LLOS DE\ A)PO\ TOU= *L, TOUTE/STIN A)PO\ TH=S A)/LLHS TOMH=S TOU= A)RKTIKOU=. KAI\ KALEI=TAI OU(=TOS QRASKI/AS METACU\ W)\N A)PARKTI/OU KAI\ *)IA/PUGOS. OU(=TOI DOKOU=SI ME\N KATA\ DIA/METRON EI)=NAI KAI\ E)NANTI/OI, OU)K EI)SI\ DE/, E)PEIDH\ OU)/TE DIA\ TOU= KE/NTROU PARE/RXETAI H( EU)QEI=A, TOUTE/STIN O( LO/GOS, OU)/TE KATA\ TMH/MATA PNE/-OUSI. PA/LIN D' E)N TW=| NOTI/W| PO/LW| E(/TEROI DU/O PNE/OUSIN, O( ME\N A)PO\ TOU= *M, O(/S E)STIN LIBO/NOTOS METACU\ W)\N LIBO\S KAI\ NO/TOU, A)/LLOS DE\ A)PO\ TOU= *N, O(/STIS @1 EU)RO/NOTOS KAI\ FOINIKI/AS KALEI=TAI: E)STI\ DE\ METACU\ EU)/ROU KAI\ NO/TOU. KAI\ OU(=TOI D' W(SAU/TWS DOKOU=SI ME\N KATA\ DIA/METRON EI)=NAI, OU)K EI)SI\ DE\ DIA\ TH\N AU)-TH\N AI)TI/AN. TOU/TWN DE\ OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN FHSI\N O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI BORE/AI PLEI/OUS EI)SI\ TW=N NOTI/WN PNEUMA/TWN DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI POLLH\N U(/LHN A)NE/MWN E)N TW=| BOREI/W| TO/PW|. E)PEIDH\ GA\R YUXRO/S E)STI KAI\ XIONW/DHS, A)NALUOME/NHS TH=S XIO/NOS U(PO\ TH=S TOU= H(LI/OU QERMASI/AS U(GRAI/NETAI H( GH=, U(GRASME/NH DE\ PLEI/-STHN A)NAQUMI/ASIN KAPNW/DH A)NADI/DWSI DI/KHN TW=N U(GRW=N CU/LWN. KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN POLLA/ EI)SI TA\ PNEU/MATA BO/REIA: PLH\N EI) KAI\ POLLA/, OU)K EU)/TONA DIA\ TO\ A)PO\ POLLH=S U(GRO/THTOS PNEI=N. TA\ DE\ NO/TIA O)LI/GA ME\N DIA\ TH\N E)/NDEIAN TH=S U(/LHS, EU)/TONA DE\ DIA\ TH\N TH=S GH=S CHRO/THTA. TO\ ME\N GA\R CHRO\N PRO\S TO\ EU)/TONON TW=| O(RI/ZEIN TA\ MO/RIA, TO\ D' U(GRO\N PRO\S TO\ E)/KLUTON DIA\ TO\ DIA-XEI=N TA\ MO/RIA. O(/QEN TO\N ME\N BORRA=N A)NDRI\ PEPTWKO/TI A)PEIKA/ZOUSI, TO\N DE\ NO/TON A)NDRI\ R(WMALE/WS E)PERXOME/NW|. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N EI)POU=SA H( LE/CIS E)PAU/SATO. @*FE/RE DE\ KAI\ H(MEI=S E)/CWQEN A)PORH/SWMEN TREI=S A)PORI/AS, MI/AN ME\N TAU/-THN: PW=S LE/GEIS, *)ARISTO/TELES, DW/DEKA EI)=NAI TOU\S A)NE/MOUS; MA=LLON GA\R DE/KA E)/SONTAI. OI( GA\R A)KROPO/LOI, TOUTE/STIN O( A)RKTIKO\S KAI\ O( A)NTARKTIKO/S, OU) TE/MNONTAI EI)S DU/O SHMEI=A U(PO\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS: OU(/TW GA\R E)/XEI H( KATA-GRAFH/. OU(=TOI OI( PO/LOI E)NTO\S OU)/K EI)SI TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS, A)LL' E)KTO/S, O( ME\N E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW, O( D' E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW. E)KTO\S D' AU)TW=N O)/NTWN KATA\ E(\N MO/NON SHMEI=ON E)FA/PTETAI E(KA/STWN O( O(RI/ZWN: KU/KLOS GA\R KU/KLOU OU)K E)FA/PTETAI PLH\N EI) MH\ KATA\ E(\N SHMEI=ON. EI) OU)=N KATA\ E(\N MO/NON E)FA/PTONTAI OI( A)KRO-PO/LOI TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS, LE/GEIS D' *)ARISTO/TELES, O(/TI KATA\ TA\S A(FA\S TOU= PO/LOU KAI\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS E)CE/RXONTAI OI( A)/NEMOI, OU)KE/TI DW/DEKA, A)LLA\ DE/KA EI)SI/N, W(/SPER KAI\ AI( TOMAI\ H)/GOUN AI( E)PAFAI/. DEUTE/RA A)PORI/A: TA/XA GA\R OU)/TE DE/KA E)/SONTAI OI( A)/NEMOI, A)LLA\ O)KTW/, E)PEIDH\ O( O(RI/ZWN KAI\ O( A)RKTIKO\S PO/LOS KAI\ O( MESHMBRINO\S KATA\ E(\N SHMEI=ON E)FA/PTONTAI MO/NON. W(SAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= A)NTARKTIKOU= KAI\ NOTI/OU ME/ROUS DU/O MO/NON E)PAFAI/, E)/TI DE\ A)PO\ TOU= E)N ME/SW| PO/LOU. TRI/TH A)PORI/A: PW=S LE/GEIS; EI) GA\R DI/XA PA/NTAS TOU\S PO/-LOUS TE/MNEI O( O(RI/ZWN, DH=LON O(/TI PA/NTES EI)SI\N E)NANTI/OI [1PA/NTES GA\R KATA\ DIA/METRON PNE/OUSI]1 KAI\ A)EI\ E)/SONTAI KAI\ AI( NU/KTES I)/SAI TAI=S H(ME/RAIS. PW=S, % *)ARISTO/TELES, TW=N A)NE/MWN TOU\S ME\N EI)=NAI E)NANTI/OUS, TOU\S DE\ DOKEI=N E)NAN-TI/OUS, MH\ O)/NTAS DE/, O(/SOI MH\ KATA\ DIA/METRO/N EI)SIN A)LLH/LWN; E)NTAU=QA DE\ @1 QEWREI/SQW H( KATAGRAFH\ TW=N PO/LWN, E)N H(=| E)/CWQEN TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS QEWROU=N-TAI OI( A)KROPO/LOI, DI' W(=N H( A)PORI/A KRATU/NETAI. TOU/TWN TW=N A)PORIW=N O( ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS MI/AN E)PI/LUSIN E)PIDE/DWKEN, EI)PW\N OU(/TWS, O(/TI DEI= U(POQE/SQAI A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU TOU= A)RKTIKOU= PO/LOU DIA/METRON FEROME/NHN, H(/TIS PRO\S O)RQA\S TE/MNEI TO\N MESHMBRINO/N, O(/STIS FE/RETAI KAT' E)PA/NW TOU= A)RKTIKOU=, KAI\ TEMNE/TW AU)TO\N DI/XA KATA\ DIA/METRON. TAU/TH| TH=| TOU= MESHMBRINOU=, H(=| TE/MNEI TO\N A)RKTIKO/N, A)GE/SQW PRO\S O)RQA\S EU)QEI=A, H(/TIS DIAPERAIOU=TAI EI)S TA\ A)NATOLIKA\ KAI\ DUTIKA\ ME/RH TOU= A)RKTIKOU=, W(S EI)=NAI TO\ ME\N PE/RAS TH=S DIAME/TROU TOU= A)RKTIKOU= E)N TO/PW|, O(/QEN LE/GETAI PNEI=N O( QRASKI/AS, TO\ D' E(/TERON, O(/QEN LE/-GETAI O( BORRA=S. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN A)PO\ TW=N PERA/TWN TH=S DIAME/TROU TAU/THS TH=S TOU= A)RKTIKOU= TW=N DU/O E)PIZEUGNU/SQWSAN DU/O EU)QEI=AI KAI\ E)RXE/-SQWSAN E)PI\ TO\ KE/NTRON TH=S GH=S, AI(/TINES EU)QEI=AI TITRW=SAI TH\N GH=N E)/RXONTAI PERI\ TO\ KE/NTRON AU)TH=S. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN A)PO\ TW=N TRH/SEWN E)KEI/NWN OI( PNE/ONTES A)/NEMOI E)NANTI/OI EI)SI/N, E)PEIDH\ A)PO\ TH=S E)PIZEUXQEI/SHS DIAME/TROU E)PEZEU/XQHSAN AI( EU)QEI=AI AI( PRO\S TO\ KE/NTRON FERO/MENAI. KAI\ OU(=TOI/ EI)SIN O(/ TE QRASKI/AS KAI\ O( BORRA=S. TAU)TO\ DE\ GINE/SQW KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= NOTI/OU PO/LOU. TA/XA LE/LUTAI TO\ PRW=TON A)/PORON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON A)/PORON: OU)KE/TI GA\R DE/KA H)\ O)KTW\ OI( A)/NEMOI, A)LLA\ DW/DEKA. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TO\ TRI/TON: OU)KE/TI GA\R O( O(RI/ZWN DI/XA TE/MNEI PA/NTAS TOU\S KU/KLOUS, W(S EI)=NAI I)/SHN TH=| H(ME/RA| TH\N NU/KTA, A)LLA\ TE/MNEI ME\N AU)TOU\S KATA\ DU/O SHMEI=A, OU) MH\N KATA\ DIA/METRON: O(/QEN OU)K A)EI\ I)/SH H( NU\C TH=| H(ME/RA| EI) MH\ E)PI\ MO/NOU TOU= I)SHMERINOU=, W(/STE SUMBAI/NEIN E)NANTI/OUS ME\N PNEI=N TOU\S A)NE/MOUS KATA\ DIA/METRON TH\N E)PIZEUGNU-ME/NHN, MHKE/TI DE\ TE/MNESQAI DI/XA PA/NTAS TOU\S PO/LOUS. O(\ GA\R E)POIH/SAMEN E)PI\ TOU= A)RKTIKOU= PO/LOU KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= A)NTARKTIKOU=, TO\ AU)TO\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)/LLWN PO/LWN POIHTE/ON: DEI= GA\R KAI\ E)PI\ E(KA/STOU E)KEI/NWN E)PIZEUGNUME/NHN EU)QEI=AN LABEI=N DIA/METRON, H(=S E)K TW=N PERA/TWN DU/O GRAMMAI\ FERO/MENAI PERI\ TO\ KE/NTRON TITRW=SI TH\N GH=N, KA)KEI=QEN PRO/SFOROI A)/NEMOI E(KA/STW| PO/LW| PNE/OUSIN E)KEI/NOU MH\ TEMNOME/NOU DI/XA U(PO\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS. OU(/TWS OU)=N SUM-BAI/NEI DW/DEKA EI)=NAI TOU\S A)NE/MOUS KAI\ E)NANTI/OUS EI)=NAI KAI\ DI/XA MH\ PA/NTAS TE/MNESQAI TOU\S PO/LOUS KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO MH\ PA/NTWS I)/SHN EI)=NAI TH=| NUKTI\ TH\N H(ME/RAN. A)LLA\ MH\N KA)KEI=NO A)PORHTE/ON, PW=S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TOU\S A)NE/MOUS E)/FHSE GI/NESQAI KATA\ TA\S TOMA\S TW=N PARALLH/LWN PO/LWN TA\S GINOME/NAS U(PO\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS, TOU= A)STRONO/MOU LE/GONTOS A)PO\ TRIA/KONTA MOIRW=N A)FI/STASQAI E(/KA-STON A)/NEMON. NU=N DE\ W(S E)PI\ TH=S PROKEIME/NHS DIAGRAFH=S OU)K I)/SON A)P-E/XOUSIN A)P' A)LLH/LWN AI( TOMAI\ TW=N KU/KLWN, A)LL' AI( ME\N PLE/ON, AI( D' E)/LATTON. H)\ R(HTE/ON, W(S E)PE/STHSEN O( H(ME/TEROS PRO/GONOS O( FILO/SOFOS. E)N GA\R TW=| E(/KTW| TH=S SUNTA/CEWS TW=| E)PIGRAFOME/NW| *PERI\ O(RIZO/NTWN KATAGRAFH=S "3EU(=RON, FHSI/N, W(S E)PI\ TOU= PE/MPTOU KLI/MATOS, O(/TI E)N TW=| O(RI/ZONTI TOU= PE/MPTOU KLI/MATOS @1 TRIA/KONTA MOI/RAS A)PE/XOUSI A)LLH/LWN AI( TOMAI/."3 TW=N OU)=N PO/LWN GINOME/NWN U(PO\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS E)PEIDH\ OU)K E)P' E)/LATTON, W(S *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)/GKEITAI, E)N TW=| TE/LEI TOU= TETA/RTOU KLI/MATOS KAI\ E)N TH=| A)RXH=| TOU= PE/MPTOU, MA=LLON DE\ PERI\ TO\ PE/MPTON E)STI/, MH/POTE W(S PRO\S E)KEI=NON TO\N O(RI/ZONTA E)/LABE TH\N KATAGRAFH\N TW=N TMHMA/TWN. EI) GA\R TOU=TO, SUNW|DA\ FQE/GGETAI TOI=S A)STRO-NO/MOIS. EI)/TE GA\R TO\N O(RI/ZONTA EI)/POIS KATA\ TRIA/KONTA MOI/RAS E(AUTOU= TE/-MNEIN TOU\S PO/LOUS, W(S EI)=NAI E(/KASTON TMH=MA TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS TRIA/KONTA MOIRW=N KAI\ TOU\S A)NE/MOUS A)PO\ TRIA/KONTA MOIRW=N A)FI/STASQAI A)LLH/LWN, W(/S FASIN A)STRONO/MOI, EI)/TE W(S PRO\S TO\ PE/MPTON KLI/MA LA/BH|S TA\S TOMA\S TW=N PO/LWN A)PO\ TRIA/KONTA MOIRW=N A)PEXOU/SAS, TO\ AU)TO\ SUMBAI/NEI. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. {1<20*(O DE\ NO/TOS A)PO\ TH=S QERINH=S TROPH=S PNEI= KAI\ OU)K A)PO\ TH=S E(TE/RAS A)/RKTOU.>20}1 @*(ETE/RAN A)/RKTON KALEI= TO\N A)NTARKTIKO\N PO/LON. TI/ OU)=N FHSIN; O(/TI W(S DEI/CW OU)K A)PO\ TOU= A)NTARKTIKOU= PO/LOU PNEI= O( NO/TOS, A)LL' A)PO\ TOU= TO/POU PLHSI/ON H(MW=N, TOUTE/STIN A)PO\ TOU= QERINOU= TROPIKOU=. A)LLA\ PRW=TON LAMBA/NEI LH=MMA TH\N DIAI/RESIN TH=S GH=S: EI)=Q' OU(/TW TOU=TO DEI/KNUSIN. {1<20*DU/O GA\R O)/NTWN TMHMA/TWN TH=S DUNATH=S XW/RAS OI)-KEI=SQAI.>20}1 @*POI=ON TOU/TWN; E(NO\S ME\N TOU= METACU\ A)RKTIKOU= KAI\ QERINOU= TROPIKOU=, O(/PER KAI\ H(MEI=S OI)KOU=MEN, E(TE/ROU DE\ TOU= O)/NTOS METACU\ XEIMERINOU= TROPIKOU= KAI\ A)NT-ARKTIKOU=, O(/PER O( ME\N LO/GOS U(PAGOREU/EI OI)KEI=SQAI DIA\ TO\ TH\N AU)TH\N A)NA-LOGI/AN TH=S KRA/SEWS FULA/TTESQAI, OI(/AN KAI\ E)N TH=| KAQ' H(MA=S ZW/NH|. W(/SPER KAI\ AU(/TH EU)KRAH/S E)STI DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI METACU\ YUXROU= XWRI/OU TOU= PRO\S TO\N A)RKTW=|ON PO/LON KAI\ TH=S DIAKEKAUME/NHS ZW/NHS, OU(/TW KAI\ E)KEI/NH EU)KRAH/S E)STI DIA\ TO\ KEI=SQAI A)NA\ ME/SON TOU= NOTI/OU PARALLH/LOU, TOU= KATAYU/-XROU XWRI/OU FHMI/, KAI\ TH=S DIAKEKAUME/NHS. A)LL' EI) KAI\ O( LO/GOS TOU=TO U(PAGO-REU/EI, OU)K I)/SMEN, EI) O(/LWS OI)KEI=TAI, DIA\ TO\ MH\ DU/NASQAI DIELQEI=N A)P' E)NTEU=QEN E)KEI=SE/ TINAS, MHT' A)P' E)KEI=QEN E)NTAU=QA DIA\ TO\ ME/SHN EI)=NAI TH\N E)KKEKAU-ME/NHN ZW/NHN, H(/TIS E)STI\ METACU\ QERINOU= TROPIKOU= KAI\ XEIMERINOU=. {1<20*KAI\ OU)/SHS OI(=ON TUMPA/NOU. TOIOU=TO GA\R TO\ SXH=MA TH=S GH=S E)KTE/MNOUSIN A)EI\ E)K TOU= KE/NTROU AU)TH=S A)GO/MENAI GRAMMAI/.>20}1 @*AI( GA\R A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU A)GO/MENAI DU/O GRAMMAI\ PROI+OU=SAI KAI\ E)PI- @1ZEUGNU/MENAI TW=| O(RI/ZONTI KATA\ TA\ PE/RATA TO/ TE *E*Z KAI\ TO\ *D*G TOIAU=TA SXH/MATA A)POTELOU=SI TW=N DU/O ZWNW=N, TH=S TE KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOUME/NHS KAI\ TH=S A)NTOIKOUME/NHS, OI(=ON TU/MPANON SXHMATI/ZOUSAI ME/XRI TOU= NOTI/OU PO/LOU. {1<20*KAI\ POIOU=SI DU/O KW/NOUS, TO\N ME\N E)/XONTA BA/SIN TO\N TRO-PIKO/N, TO\N DE\ DIA\ PANTO\S FANERO/N, TH\N DE\ KORUFH\N E)PI\ TOU= ME/SOU TH=S GH=S.>20}1 @*DU/O KW/NOUS LE/GEI TO\N *Z*R*E KAI\ *K*R*L. O( ME\N GA\R *Z*R*E KW=NOS BA/SIN ME\N TO\N *Z*E QERINO\N TROPIKO\N E)/XEI, KORUFH\N DE\ TO\ *R SHMEI=ON, O(/PER E)STI\ TOU= PANTO\S KE/NTRON: O( DE\ *K*R*L KW=NOS BA/SIN ME\N E)/XEI TO\N *K*L A)RKTIKO\N PO/LON, KORUFH\N DE\ TO\ *R SHMEI=ON, O(/PER E)STI\ TO\ MESAI/TATON TH=S GH=S. TOU/-TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN E)K TW=N BA/SEWN TOU/TWN TW=N DU/O KW/NWN GI/NETAI E(\N TMH=MA TH=S GH=S, KWNOEIDE\S OU) TE/LEION, A)LLA\ KO/LOUROS KW=NOS, O(/STIS E)STI\N O( *Z*E*K*L, BA/SIN ME\N E)/XWN TO\ *Z*E, KORUFH\N D' E)LLIPH= TO\ *K*L. O(\ DE\ LE/GW E)PI\ TW=N A)RKTIKW=N, TO\ AU)TO/ MOI NO/HSON KA)PI\ TW=N NOTI/WN. KA)KEI= GA\R GI/NONTAI DU/O KW=NOI, O(/ TE *D*R*G KAI\ O( *M*R*N, KORUFH\N E)/XONTES TO\ *R KE/NTRON, BA/SIN DE\ TO\ *D*G KAI\ TO\ *M*N. PA/LIN D' OU(=TOI OI( KW=NOI E(\N TMH=MA TH=S GH=S POIOU=SI, TOUTE/STI KO/LOURON KW=NON TO\N *M*N*G*D, O(/STIS BA/SIN ME\N E)/XEI TO\N *D*G XEIME-RINO\N TROPIKO/N, KORUFH\N D' A)TELH= TO\N *M*N NO/TION PO/LON. {1<20*TAU=TA DE\ OI)KEI=SQAI MO/NA DUNATO/N.>20}1 @*POI=A; TA\ DU/O TMH/MATA DHLONO/TI, TOUTE/STI TO\N *Z*E*K*L KO/LOURON KAI\ TO\N *M*N*D*G, A(/TINA KAI\ TU/MPANA PROSHGO/REUSE. {1<20*KAI\ OU)/T' E)KEI=NA TW=N TROPIKW=N: SKIA\ GA\R OU)K A)\N H)=N PRO\S A)/RKTON.>20}1 @*OU)/TE TA\ E)NTO\S TOU= QERINOU= KAI\ XEIMERINOU= TROPIKOU=, TOUTE/STIN O(/LON TO\ PLA/TOS TH=S DIAKEKAUME/NHS A)/OIKO/N E)STI. PO/QEN DH=LON; E)PEIDH\ H( SKIA\ H( GINOME/NH E)N TH=| KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOUME/NH| PA=SA PRO\S A)/RKTON PI/PTEI, H( DE\ SKIA\ H( GINOME/NH E)PI\ TH=S DIAKEKAUME/NHS H)\ PRO\S MESHMBRI/AN PI/PTEI H)\ OU) GI/NETAI SKIA/, PLH\N E)LAXI/STH PERI\ TO\ SW=MA PI/PTOUSA TO\ SKIA/ZON: PRO\S MESHMBRI/AN @1 ME\N PI/PTEI, O(/TAN E)N TW=| QERINW=| TROPIKW=| E)/LQH| O( H(/LIOS, PERI\ DE\ TO\ SW=MA MO/NON, O(/TAN KATA\ KORUFH\N E)/LQH|, TOUTE/STIN EI)S TO\N I)SHMERINO\N TROPIKO/N. EI) OU)=N OI)KOI=TO, FHSI/, KAI\ METACU\ % TOU= TROPIKOU=, OU)K E)/DEI DITTH\N SKIA\N PI/PTEIN PRO\S A)/RKTON E)N TW=| MESOURANEI=N TO\N H(/LION, A)LLA\ POTE\ ME\N PRO\S MESHMBRI/AN, POTE\ DE\ PRO\S A)/RKTON, POTE\ DE\ KAI\ E)KLIMPA/NEIN: PRO\S A)/RKTON ME\N W(S PRO\S TH\N H(METE/RAN OI)KOUME/NHN, PRO\S MESHMBRI/AN DE\ W(S PRO\S TOU\S U(PO\ TO\N QERINO\N TROPIKO\N OI)KOU=NTAS, EI)/PER H)=SAN, A)SKI/OUS DE\ W(S PRO\S TOU\S U(PO\ TO\N I)SHMERINO\N PARA/LLHLON. A)LLA\ MH\N OU)X O(RW=MEN OU)DAMOU= SKIA\N OU)/T' E)KLIMPA/NOUSAN OU)/TE PRO\S NO/TON TREPOME/NHN MESOURANOU=NTOS TOU= H(LI/OU: OU)K A)/RA OI)KOU=NTAI OU(=TOI OI( TO/POI. {1<20*FAI/NETAI DE\ KAI\ O( *STE/FANOS KATA\ TO\N TO/PON TOU=TON.>20}1 @*FAI/NETAI GA\R U(PE\R KEFALH\N GINO/MENOS H(MI=N, O(/TAN H)=| KATA\ TO\N MESHM-BRINO/N. PISTOU=TAI TO\N LO/GON, O(/TI BOREI/AN E)/XOMEN H(MEI=S TH\N OI)/KHSIN E)NTO\S O)/NTES TOU= QERINOU= TROPIKOU= A)PO\ TOU= *STEFA/NOU TH=S *)ARIA/DNHS. OU(=TOS GA\R BO/REIOS W)\N PRO\S TW=| A)RKTW/|W| PO/LW|, E)PA\N E)/LQH| KATA\ TOU= MESHMBRINOU=, TOUTE/STIN E)N TW=| MESOURANH/MATI, THNIKAU=TA KA/QETOS H(MI=N E)STIN. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI BOREI/A E)STI\N H( KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOUME/NH: OU) GA\R A)\N A)/LLWS KA/QETOS E)FAI/-NETO H(MI=N, EI) MH\ BO/REIOS U(PH=RXEN H(MW=N. {1<20*DIO\ GELOI/WS GRA/FOUSI NU=N TA\S PERIO/DOUS TH=S GH=S.>20}1 @*KATAME/MFETAI TOU\S GEWGRA/FOUS, O(/TI SFAIRIKW=S TH\N KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOU-ME/NHN GRA/FOUSIN: OU) GA\R E)/DEI SFAIRIKW=S AU)TH\N GRA/FEIN, A)LLA\ ZWNOEIDW=S. E)DEI/CAMEN GA/R, O(/TI TU/MPANO/N E)STIN H( KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOUME/NH OU)K E)/XOUSA TO\ PLA/TOS I)/SON TW=| MH/KEI: POLU\ GA\R PROA/GEI TO\ MH=KOS TOU= PLA/TOUS, E)N DE\ KU/KLW| I)/SON TO\ PLA/TOS TW=| MH/KEI: TO\ ME/SON GA\R QERINOU= TROPIKOU= %2%2%2 PO/LOU E)STI\ TO\ PLA/TOS MO/NON, TO\ DE\ MH=KOS A)PO\ A)NATOLW=N ME/XRI DUSMW=N. {1<20*(/O TE GA\R LO/GOS DEI/KNUSIN, O(/TI TO\ PLA/TOS W(/RISTAI, TA\ DE\ KU/KLW| SUNA/PTEIN E)NDE/XETAI DIA\ TH\N KRA=SIN.>20}1 @*)/EDEICEN O( LO/GOS, FHSI/N, O(/TI E)LA/XISTO/N E)STI TO\ PLA/TOS TH=S KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOUME/NHS W(S PRO\S TO\ PA=N, TO\ ME/NTOI MH=KOS ME/GISTON. KAI\ TI/ LE/GW ME/-GISTON; O(/POU GE KAI\ EI)S TOU\S A)NTI/PODAS H)=N DUNATO\N E)LQEI=N TINA, TOUTE/STIN EI)S TO\ U(PO\ GH=N H(MISFAI/RION, O(/SON KATA\ TH\N EU)KRASI/AN: A)LLA\ TOU=TO OU) GI/-NETAI DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI METACU\ QALA/SSAS A)/LLAS TE KAI\ AU)TO\N TO\N *)WKEANO/N. OU(/TW ME/GISTO/N E)STI TO\ MH=KOS, W(S SUNA/PTEIN TA\ DU/O H(MISFAI/RIA. @1 {1<20*TO\ GA\R A)F' *(HRAKLEI/WN STHLW=N ME/XRI TH=S *)INDIKH=S TOU= E)C *AI)QIOPI/AS PRO\S TH\N *MAIW=TIN KAI\ TOU\S E)SXATEU/ONTAS TH=S @*SKUQI/AS TO/POUS PLE/ON H)\ PE/NTE PRO\S TRI/A TO\ ME/GEQOS.>20}1 @*(/OROUS LAMBA/NEI TOU= MH/KOUS KAI\ TOU= PLA/TOUS TH=S KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOU-ME/NHS. KAI\ TOU= ME\N MH/KOUS E)PI\ DUSMA\S TA\S *(HRAKLEI/OUS STH/LAS, PRO\S DE\ A)NATOLA\S TH\N E)SXA/THN *)INDI/AN, PAR' OI(=S E)STIN H( *)ERUQRA\ QA/LASSA. DH=LON D' O(/TI OI( O(/ROI OU(=TOI TOU= U(PE\R GH=N H(MISFAIRI/OU O)/NTES MH/KOUS EI)SI/: TOU= DE\ PLA/TOUS PRO\S ME\N TH\N DIAKEKAUME/NHN ZW/NHN O(/ROUS LAMBA/NEI TOU\S *AI)QI/OPAS, PRO\S DE\ A)/RKTON TH\N *MAIW=TIN KAI\ TOU\S E)SXA/TOUS *SKU/QAS. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI <20W(/SPER>20 TA\ PE/NTE TW=N TRIW=N U(PERE/XEI, <20OU(/TW>20 TO\ MH=KOS TOU= PLA/TOUS. A)LLA\ MH\ NOMI/SH|S, O(/TI TOU=TO EI)=PEN, O(/TI O(/SON TA\ PE/NTE TW=N TRIW=N U(PERE/XEI, TO-SOU=TON TO\ MH=KOS TOU= PLA/TOUS: OU)/TE GA\R TOSAU/TH MO/NON E)STI\N H( U(PER-OXH\ TOU= MH/KOUS PRO\S TO\ PLA/TOS, A)LLA\ POLLAPLASI/A. A)LLA\ PARA/DEIGMA DEI= LABEI=N, O(/TI "3W(/SPER"3 OU)X "3O(/SON"3. {1<20*)EPEI\ D' O(MOI/WS E)/XEIN A)NA/GKH TO/PON TINA\ PRO\S TO\N E(/TERON PO/LON.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH/, FHSI/, PRO\S TW=| A)RKTIKW=| PO/LW| E)STI\ TO\ TU/MPANON TOU=TO DH\ TO\ XWRI/ON, E)N W(=|PER H(MEI=S OI)KOU=MEN, DH=LON O(/TI KAI\ PRO\S TW=| NOTI/W| PO/LW| H( A)NALOGI/A FULA/TTETAI. OU)KOU=N W(/SPER TOU=TO EU)KRAE/S E)STI TO\ XWRI/ON, E)N W(=|PER H(MEI=S OI)KOU=MEN, KA)KEI=NO O(MOI/WS E)STI\N EU)KRAE/S: KAI\ W(/SPER E)NTAU=QA PNEI= A)/NEMO/S TIS A)PO\ TH=S A)/RKTOU, OU(/TW KA)KEI=SE PNEI= A)PO\ TH=S A)/RKTOU. A)LL' OU) DUNATO\N OU)/TE TO\N E)KEI=QEN A)/NEMON E)NQA/DE PNEI=N OU)/TE TO\N E)/NQEN E)KEI=SE DIA\ TO\ DIA/STHMA. KAI\ O(/RA, PW=S A)YOFHTI\ META\ TO\ LH=MMA TH\N KATASKEUH\N E)PA/GEI, O(/TI OU)/TE A)POPNEI= A)PO\ TOU= NOTI/OU PO/LOU O( NO/TOS E)NTAU=QA [1EI) GA\R OI( KAQ' H(MA=S A)/NEMOI OU) PANTAXO/SE PNE/OUSI DIA\ TO\ E)CASQENEI=N U(PO\ TOU= MH/KOUS, PO/SW| MA=LLON O( E)KEI=QEN NO/TOS;]1 OU)/TE A)PO\ XEIMERINH=S TROPH=S. {1<20*OU(/TW GA\R TO\ A)NA/LOGON A)PODI/DWSI.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI OU)/TE A)PO\ XEIMERINH=S TROPH=S PNEI= O( KAQ' H(MA=S NO/TOS, E)PEIDH\ E)/DEI TH\N A)NALOGI/AN FULAXQH=NAI TH\N AU)TH\N E)PI\ TW=N NOTI/WN E)THSI/WN W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N BOREI/WN. E)PEIDH\ GA\R OI( BO/REIOI E)THSI/AI A)PO\ TOU= QERINOU= TROPIKOU= PNE/OUSI META\ EI)/KOSIN H(ME/RAS TH=S QERINH=S TROPH=S, E)/DEI KAI\ TOU\S NOTI/OUS, EI)/PER A)PO\ TOU= XEIMERINOU= PNE/OUSI, META\ EI)/KOSIN H(ME/RAS PNEI=N. A)LLA\ META\ E(BDOMH/KONTA H(ME/RAS TH=S TROPH=S PNE/OUSIN: OU)K A)/RA A)PO\ TOU= XEIMERINOU= PNEI= O( NO/TOS. @1 {1<20*)EKEI=NOS D' O( TO/POS DIA\ TH\N TOU= H(LI/OU GEITNI/ASIN OU)K E)/XEI U(/DATA KAI\ NOMA/S, AI(\ DIA\ TH\N PH=CIN POIH/SOUSIN E)THSI/AS.>20}1 @*PERI\ TH=S DIAKEKAUME/NHS LE/GEI ZW/NHS, O(/TI DIA\ TO\ TO\N H(/LION A)EI\ E)PI-KEI=SQAI CHROTA/TH E)STI\ KAI\ QERMOTA/TH. A)LL' EI)/POIS A)/N: KAI\ PO/QEN I)SXURO\S A)/NEMOS E)KEI=QEN PNEI= O( NO/TOS, EI)/PER MH\ E)/STIN I)KMA\S H( POIOU=SA TH\N U(/LHN TW=N A)NE/MWN; AU)TO/S FHSIN, O(/TI TW=| EI)=NAI POLLH\N GH=N A)NAPEPTAME/NHN: O(/LH GA\R H( METACU\ TW=N DU/O TROPIKW=N, QERINOU= TE KAI\ XEIMERINOU=, TO\ A)PO\ E(KA/STHS GH=S MERIKW=S SUNAGO/MENON PNEUMA/TION POIEI= E(/NA SFODRO\N A)/NEMON, TO\N NO/TON. {1<20*TI/S ME\N OU)=N AI)TI/A TOU/TWN TW=N A)NE/MWN.>20}1 @*AI)TI/A U(LIKH/. EI)/RHTAI GA/R, O(/TI OU)K A)H\R KINOU/MENO/S E)STIN O( A)/NEMOS, A)LLA\ KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS. {1<20*PERI\ DE\ QE/SEWS AU)TW=N, KAI\ TI/NES E)NANTI/OI TI/SI, KAI\ POI/OUS A(/MA PNEI=N E)NDE/XETAI, POI/OUS D' OU)/.>20}1 @*TAU=TA PA/NTA ZHTH/SEI E)N TOI=S E)FECH=S. {1<20*DEI= DE\ PERI\ TH=S QE/SEWS A(/MA TOU\S LO/GOUS E)K TH=S U(PO-GRAFH=S QEWREI=N.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN LOIPO\N PERI\ TH=S QE/SEWS TW=N A)NE/MWN DIALAMBA/NEI KATA\ TO\ PROEIRHME/NON DIA/GRAMMA. {1<20*GE/GRAPTAI ME\N OU)=N TOU= MA=LLON EU)SXHMO/NWS E)/XEIN O( TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS KU/KLOS: DIO\ KAI\ STROGGU/LOS.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH/, FHSI/, % TH=S KAQ' H(MA=S OI)KOUME/NHS TO\N O(RI/ZONTA, I(/NA TOU\S E)N TAU/TH| A)NE/MOUS U(POGRA/YW, AU(/TH D' OU)K E)/STI [2KUKLOTERH/S,]2 A)LL' E)PIMH/KHS [1OU)/TE GA\R E)CISA/ZEI TO\ MH=KOS TW=| PLA/TEI]1, DH=LON O(/TI OU)/TE O( TAU/THS O(RI/ZWN E)STI\ KUKLOTERH/S, A)LL' E)PIMH/KHS W(S PRO\S TH\N OI)KOUME/NHN GH=N: A)LL' EI) KAI\ MH\ E)/STI KUKLOTERH\S O( O(RI/ZWN, A)LL' OU)=N KUKLOTERH\S KATAGEGRA/FQW DIA\ TO\ EU)/SXHMON. {1<20*TOU= D' EI)=NAI PLEI/OUS A)NE/MOUS A)PO\ TW=N PRO\S A)/RKTON TO/PWN.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TH\N AI)TI/AN LE/GEI TOU= MEI/ZONA EI)=NAI TA\ NO/TIA PNEU/MATA. @1 {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ TW=N EI)RHME/NWN PNEUMA/TWN BORE/AS ME\N O(/ TE A)PARKTI/AS KAI\ QRASKI/AS KAI\ ME/SHS.>20}1 @*DIDA/CAS H(MA=S O( FILO/SOFOS PERI\ TH=S QE/SEW/S TE KAI\ O)NOMASI/AS TW=N A)NE/MWN, O(/TI DW/DEKA/ EI)SI TO\N A)RIQMO\N A)PO\ TW=N DW/DEKA TMHMA/TWN KAI\ TW=N E(\C PO/LWN PNE/ONTES, NU=N SUNAI/RESIN POIEI= TW=N DW/DEKA A)NE/MWN KAI\ OI(=O/N TINA SUG-KEFALAI/WSIN EI)S TE/SSARAS A)NE/MOUS KAQOLIKWTE/ROUS. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI PA/NTES OU(=TOI SUGKEFALAIOU=NTAI EI)S TE/SSARAS A)NE/MOUS MEGI/STOUS E)NANTI/OUS: A)NATOLI-KW=N ME\N GA\R PA/NTWN EI(=S MO/NOS E)STI\N O( KURI/WS, LE/GW DH\ O( A)PHLIW/THS, DUTIKW=N ZE/FUROS, A)RKTIKW=N DE\ A)PARKTI/AS, NOTI/WN DE\ NO/TOS. EI)=TA PA/LIN E(TE/RAN SUNAI/RESIN TOU/TWN POIEI=TAI SUNTOMWTE/RAN KAI\ SUGKEFALAIOI= TOU\S TE/SSARAS EI)S DU/O, BORRA=N TE KAI\ NO/TON. KAI\ DI/DWSI TW=| ME\N BORRA=| TOU\S DUTIKOU\S A)NE/MOUS PA/NTAS KAI\ A)RKTIKOU\S W(S YUXROU\S YUXRW=|, TW=| DE\ NO/TW| TOU\S A)NATOLIKOU\S PA/NTAS KAI\ NOTI/OUS W(S QERMOU\S QERMW=|. QERMO/TERA GA\R TA\ A)NATOLIKA\ ME/RH TW=N DUTIKW=N, E)PEIDH\ A)NERXO/MENOS O( H(/LIOS KAI\ TE/WS PRO\S TAI=S A)NATOLAI=S U(PA/RXWN QERMAI/NEI ME\N TA\ A)NATOLIKA\ MA/LISTA, H(=TTON DE\ TA\ DUTIKA/: MESOURANW=N DE\ KAI\ PRO\S DUSMA\S O(RMW/MENOS A)/RXETAI TA\ ME\N DUTIKA\ ME/RH MA=LLON QERMAI/NEIN, H(=TTON DE\ TA\ A)NATOLIKA/. A)LL' O(/SON E)PI\ TOU/TW| FAI/H A)/N TIS A)NTANI/SWSIN GI/NESQAI KAI\ O(MOI/WS EI)=NAI QERMA\ TA\ A)NA-TOLIKA\ TOI=S DUTIKOI=S, E)PEIDH\ O(MOI/WS QERMAI/NONTAI A)/MFW TA\ ME/RH. A)LLA\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI MESOURANH/SANTOS TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ E)PI\ DUSMA\S KLI/NANTOS MEME/NH-KEN E)/TI QERMO/TERA TA\ E)N TOI=S A)NATOLIKOI=S, E)PEIDH\ U(PE\R GH=N E)STIN O( H(/LIOS, E)LQO/NTOS D' EI)S TA\S DUSMA\S TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ DU/SANTOS OU)KE/TI E)FULA/XQH H( QERMASI/A E)N TH=| DU/SEI DIA\ TO\ U(PO\ GH=N GEGONE/NAI TO\N H(/LION. OU(/TW TOI/NUN KATASKEUA/ZOMEN, O(/TI QERMO/TERA/ E)STI TA\ A)NATOLIKA\ TW=N DUTIKW=N. OU(/TW TOI/-NUN O( FILO/SOFOS SUGKEFALAIWSA/MENOS PA/NTAS TOU\S A)NE/MOUS EI)S DU/O, BORRA=N TE KAI\ NO/TON, KAI\ DIANEI/MAS E(KA/STW| TOU\S OI)KEI/OUS, DE/KA QEWRH/MATA PERI\ AU)-TW=N PARADI/DWSIN. W(=N TO\ PRW=TON TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: POI=OI A)/NEMOI TI/SI SUMPNE/OUSI; DEU/TERON: POI=OI A)/NEMOI PO/TE PNE/OUSI; TRI/TON: POI=OI A)/NEMOI TI/NAS PAU/OUSI; TE/TARTON: TI/NES E)NANTI/OI O)/NTES TA\ AU)TA\ E)RGA/ZONTAI; PE/MPTON: @1 TI/NES TW=N A)NE/MWN EI)SI\ NIFETW/DEIS; E(/KTON: TI/NES XALAZW/DEIS; E(/BDOMON: TI/NES E)PINE/FELOI; O)/GDOON: TI/NES A)STRAPAI=OI; E)/NATON: TI/NES E)KNEFI/AI; DE/KATON KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON: TI/NES E)THSI/AI; TAU=TA TA\ DE/KA NU=N PERI\ A)NE/MWN PARADI/DWSIN *)ARISTOTE/LHS. A)LLA\ FE/RE TOU/TWN E(/KASTON DIECE/LQWMEN. KAI\ TO\ ME\N PRW=-TO/N FAMEN, O(/TI OI( E)NANTI/OI A)LLH/LOIS OU) SUMPNE/OUSIN, BORRA=S TE KAI\ NO/TOS KAI\ OI( LOIPOI\ E)NANTI/OI: EI)/RGOUSI GA\R A)LLH/LWN TH\N PRO/ODON. EI) ME\N GA\R I)SOSQENEI=S W)=SI, STA/SIS PA/NTWS GENH/SETAI KAI\ H)REMI/A: EI) DE\ QA/TEROS PERI-GE/NHTAI, QA/TEROS PAU/ETAI. W(/ST' OU) DUNATO\N A)LLH/LOIS SUMPNEI=N TOU\S E)NAN-TI/OUS AU)TW=N, OU) TOU=TO/ MOU LE/GONTOS, O(/TI OU)D' O(/LWS [1EI) GA\R OU(/TWS, A)NAIRH/-ÈSOMEN TO\N KATA\ *BOU=RAN KAI\ *(ELI/KHN GEGONO/TA KATAKLUSMO/N, E)/NQA E)NANTI/WN A)NE/MWN PNEUSA/NTWN KAI\ E)KEI= SUNAQROISQE/NTWN NEFW=N E)GE/NETO KATAKLUSMO/S]1, A)LL' O(/TI ME/XRI ME/N TINOS SUMPNE/OUSIN, OU) META\ POLU\ DE\ PERIGI/NETAI QA/TEROS QATE/ROU KAI\ MO/NOS PNEI=. OU(=TOI ME\N OU)=N OU) SUMPNE/OUSIN E)PI\ TO\ POLU/, SUMPNE/OUSI DE\ OI( MH\ E)NANTI/OI. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ POL-LA/KIS EI)S TO\N AU)TO\N TO/PON E)K DIAFO/RWN PLE/OMEN TO/PWN OU)/RION E)/XONTES A)/NEMON: W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI SUMPNE/OUSIN A)LLH/LOIS OI( A)/NEMOI OI( MH\ KATA\ DIA/-METRON O)/NTES. TOU=TO ME\N H)=N TO\ PRW=TON. DEU/TERON, POI=OI A)/NEMOI PO/TE PNE/-OUSI. FAME/N, O(/TI E)N ME\N TAI=S QERMOTE/RAIS W(/RAIS, QE/REI TE KAI\ FQINOPW/RW|, OI( YUXROI\ A)/NEMOI PNE/OUSI MA/LISTA, ZE/FURO/S FHMI KAI\ OI( A)PO\ TOU= DUTIKOU= PA/NTES, E)N DE\ TAI=S YUXRAI=S W(/RAIS XEIMW=NOS TE KAI\ E)/AROS OI( QERMOI/, A)PHLIW/THS FHMI\ KAI\ OI( A)/LLOI A)NATOLIKOI/. KAI\ A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORI/AS, TI/ DH/POTE MH\ SUMFW/NWS TH=| W(/RA| KAI\ OI( A)/NEMOI PNE/OUSIN, A)LL' E)NANTI/WS. KAI\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI E)PEIDH\ QERMA/ EI)SI FU/SEI TA\ A)NATOLIKA\ ME/RH, E)PA\N O( H(/LIOS GE/NHTAI E)N TH=| QERINH=| TROPH=|, E)/TI E)KQERMAI/NETAI H( E)KEI=SE GH=: KAI\ E)K TH=S A)/GAN QER-MO/THTOS E)KLEI/PEI KAI\ A)NALI/SKETAI H( U(/LH TOU= A)NE/MOU, TOUTE/STIN H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, DI/KHN A)XU/ROU E)MBLHQE/NTOS EI)S PU=R, FHSI/N, O(/TI KAI\ MHKE/TI KAPNO\N POIH/SANTOS. KAI\ GA\R H( A)/METROS QERMO/THS E)KDAPANA=| TH\N U(/LHN TOU= A)NE/MOU KAI\ H( A)/METROS YU/CIS KATASBE/NNUSIN. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N KAI\ DIA\ TO\ E)KDAPA-NA=SQAI TH\N U(/LHN TOU= A)NE/MOU E)N TOI=S A)NATOLIKOI=S ME/RESIN E)N QE/REI A)NATOLIKO\S A)/NEMOS OU) GI/NETAI. A)LLA\ MH\N OU)/T' E)N XEIMW=NI DUTIKO/S: E)PEIDH\ GA\R YUXRA/ EI)SI TA\ DUTIKA\ ME/RH, XEIMW=NOS A)FISTAME/NOU TOU= H(LI/OU YUXRO/TERA GI/NONTAI, KAI\ E)K TH=S POLLH=S YU/CEWS KATASBE/NNUTAI H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS KAI\ OU) GI/NETAI DUTIKO\S A)/NEMOS. TRI/TON H)=N ZHTH=SAI, POI=OI A)/NEMOI TI/NAS PAU/OUSI. KAI/ FAMEN, O(/TI BORRA=S TO\N NO/TON OU)X W(S I)SXURO/S, A)LL' W(S U(GRO/TEROS KAI\ BARU/TEROS: E)MPI/PTWN GA\R TW=| NO/TW| TO\ I)TAMO\N AU)TOU= KAI\ CHRO\N DIUGRAI/NEI KAI\ DIALU/EI KAI\ OU(/TWS A)POPAU/EI. E)LE/GOMEN GA\R A)NWTE/RW, O(/TI BORRA=S A)PO\ O)LI/GHS ME\N GH=S PNEI=, POLLH\N D' E)XOU/SHS A)NAQUMI/ASIN DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI AU)TH\N E)/NIKMON DI/KHN TOU= XLWROU= CU/LOU, O( DE\ NO/TOS A)PO\ POLLH=S ME\N GH=S, A)NI/KMOU DE/: KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN DRIMU\S KAI\ E)/NTONO/S E)STI KAI\ O)LI/GOS. TOU=TO TO\ TRI/TON. @1 TE/TARTON H)=N QEW/RHMA, TI/NES E)NANTI/OI O)/NTES TA\ O(/MOIA POIOU=SIN. OU(=TOI: O( KAIKI/AS KAI\ O( LI\Y KATA\ DIA/METRON O)/NTES U(GROI/ EI)SIN A)/MFW. O( GA\R LI\Y METACU\ W)\N ZEFU/ROU KAI\ LIBONO/TOU E)RANI/ZETAI TOU= ME\N ZEFU/ROU TO\ YUXRO/N, TOU= DE\ LIBONO/TOU TO\ U(GRO/N, KAI\ U(GRAI/NEI, E)PA\N PNEU/SH|: O( DE\ KAIKI/AS METACU\ W)\N TOU= A)PHLIW/TOU KAI\ BORE/OU E)RANI/ZETAI TOU= ME\N BORE/ROU TO\ U(GRO/N, TOU= D' A)PHLIW/TOU TO\ QERMO/N: KAI\ OU(/TWS U(GRAI/NEI FUSW=N. EU)=ROS DE\ KAI\ A)RGE/STHS CHROI\ ME\N A(/MA FU/SEI: O( ME/NTOI EU)=ROS KAT' A)RXA\S ME/N E)STI CHRO/S, PROI+W\N DE\ U(GRO\S GI/NETAI: NOQEU/ETAI GA\R U(PO\ TW=N NOTI/WN PNEUMA/TWN. OU(=TOI E)NANTI/OI O)/NTES TA\ O(/MOIA POIOU=SI. KAI\ E)/XEIS TO\ TE/TARTON QEW/RHMA. PE/M-PTON ZHTHTE/ON, TI/NES EI)SI\ NIFETW/DEIS: KAI\ E(/KTON, TI/NES XALAZW/DEIS. KAI/ FAMEN, O(/TI NIFETW/DEIS ME/N EI)SIN H)/TOI XIONW/DEIS O(/ TE BORRA=S KALOU/MENOS ME/SHS KAI\ O( A)PARKTI/AS, XALAZW/DEIS DE\ O(/ TE A)PARKTI/AS PA/LIN KAI\ QRASKI/AS KAI\ A)RGE/STHS. KAI\ A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORI/AS, TI/ DH/POTE OI( YUXRO/TATOI A)/NEMOI MH\ TO\ YUXRO/TATON POIOU=SIN, A)LLA\ TO\ H(=TTON YUXRO/TATON. O( GA\R A)PARKTI/AS KAI\ QRASKI/AS KAI\ A)RGE/STHS YUXRO/TATOI/ EI)SIN, E)PEIDH\ DUTIKW/TEROI. E)XRH=N OU)=N TH\N XIO/NA AU)TOU\S POIEI=N, KAQO\ YUXROTE/RA E)STI\N AU(/TH TH=S XALA/ZHS KAI\ W(S E)N XEIMW=NI GEGONUI=A KAI\ O(/LWS MH\ METABLHQEI/SHS EI)S U(/DWR, A)LL' A)/NTIKRUS PAGEI/SHS, % W(S E)/STIN H( A)TMI/S. TO\N DE\ BORRA=N E)/DEI TH\N XA/LAZAN POIEI=N, O(\S H)=N H(=TTON YUXRO/S, TH\N H(=TTON YUXRA/N. H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI POLLA/KIS TA\ E)NANTI/A KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S DRW=SIN, OI(=ON TO\ U(/DWR YUXRO\N POLLA/KIS QERMAI/NEI KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S TW=| A)NTIPERI/STASIN POIEI=N: E)NAPOKLEIO/MENON GA\R E)NTO\S TO\ QER-MO\N KAI\ MH\ DIAFOROU/MENON QERMAI/NEI. A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ QERMO\N E)/STIN O(/TE YU/XEI TW=| E)KDIAFOREI=N TH\N E)NTO\S QERMASI/AN. EI) OU)=N TOU=TO, TI/ A)\N A)/TOPON YUXRO-TA/TOU O)/NTOS TOU= A)NE/MOU TO\ H(=TTON POIEI=N YUXRO/N, LE/GW DH\ TH\N XA/LAZAN, TW=| PERIPHGNU/NAI TA\ E)KTO\S TAXE/WS KAI\ MH\ FQA/NEIN ME/XRI TOU= E)NTO\S TH\N YU/CIN E)PI\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS A)FIKNEI=SQAI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO METABA/LLESQAI PRW=TON EI)S U(/DWR, EI)=Q' OU(/TW PH/GNUSQAI KAI\ POIEI=N XA/LAZAN. E)PI\ DE\ TOU= BORE/OU, E)PEIDH\ OU)K E)/STIN OU(=TOS YUXRO/TATOS, OU)K A)QRO/WS PARAPH/GNUSI TA\ E)KTO\S TH=S A)TMI/DOS, A)LLA\ KATA\ ME/ROS, KAI\ LOIPO\N O(/LHN W(S O(/LHN PH/GNUSI PRINH\ EI)S U(/DWR METABLHQH=NAI. KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN POIEI= TH\N XIO/NA MH\ W)\N YUXRO/TATOS. E(/BDOMON ZHTH=SAI, POI=OI/ EI)SIN E)PINE/FELOI. KAI/ FAMEN, O(/TI KAIKI/AS TE KAI\ BORE/AS. O( ME\N KAIKI/AS W(S E)FELKO/MENOS E)F' E(AUTO\N TA\ NE/FH [1TW=| GA\R EI)=NAI H)RE/MA YUXRO\S PAXU/NEI TH\N A)NADIDOME/NHN A)TMI/DA POLLH\N OU)=SAN E)KEI=SE E)N TOI=S A)NATOLIKOI=S ME/RESI KAI\ POLLA\ NE/FH SUNI/STHSI]1, TW=| D' E)FE/LKEIN AU)-TO\N E)PINE/FELON POIEI= TO\N A)E/RA: SUMBA/LLONTAI DE\ AU)TW=| PRO\S TOU=TO BORE/AS TE KAI\ EU)=ROS U(GROI\ O)/NTES PLHSI/ON AU)TOU=: U(/LHN GA\R AU)TW=| XORHGOU=SIN. O( DE\ BORE/AS PA/LIN E)PINE/FELON POIEI= TO\N A)E/RA TW=| SUNAQROI/ZEIN AU)TA\ DIA\ PO/RRW, W(/SPER E)N TH=| *AI)GU/PTW| GI/NETAI. O)/GDOON ZHTHTE/ON, POI=OI/ EI)SIN A)STRAPAI=OI TW=N A)NE/MWN, TOUTE/STI PO/SOI MA/LISTA POIOU=SIN A)STRAPA/S: BORE/AS, A)PARKTI/AS, @1 QRASKI/AS, A)RGE/STHS, OU) PA/SAS DE/, A)LLA\ TA\S KAT' E)KPURHNISMO\N GINOME/NAS: YUXRO/TATOI GA\R O)/NTES OU(=TOI PUKNOU=SI TH\N A)TMI/DA E)NAPEILHFUI=AN ME\N E(AUTH=| KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN, EI)=T' E)KEI/NWN MH\ DIAFOROUME/NWN QERMAI/NETAI KAI\ E)C-A/PTEI, KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON MHKE/TI STEGOME/NH E)KPURHNI/ZETAI TH=S YU/CEWS E)KQLI-BOU/SHS KAI\ POIEI= TH\N A)STRAPH/N. E)/NATON, TI/NES EI)SI\N E)KNEFI/AI A)/NEMOI. E)K-NEFI/AS DE\ NU=N KALW= OU) TOU\S KURI/WS E)KNEFI/AS: A)LLA\ PRW=TON MA/QWMEN, TI/NES EI)SI\N E)KNEFI/AI A)/NEMOI. E)KNEFI/AI GA\R LE/GONTAI OI( A)PO\ TW=N NEFW=N PNE/ONTES. A)LL' OU(=TOI DITTOI/ EI)SIN: H)\ GA\R A)METABLH/TOU MENOU/SHS TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NA-QUMIA/SEWS GI/NONTAI, W(S MAQHSO/MEQA E)N TW=| TRI/TW| BIBLI/W| [1OI(/TINES KAI\ TU-FW=NES PROSAGOREU/ONTAI]1 H)\ TOU= I)SXUROU= A)NE/MOU A)PODIW/KONTOS TA\ NE/FH. EI)=TA E)KEI/NOU PAUSAME/NOU A)/LLOU I)SXUROTE/ROU E)PANASTA/NTOS KAI\ A)NTWQH/-SANTOS TA\ NE/FH, W(S PALI/RROIAN GENE/SQAI TW=N NEFW=N, LE/GETAI OU(=TOS E)KNEFI/AS O( A)/NEMOS W(S A)NTWQW=N PA/LIN TA\ NE/FH, O(/QEN H)=LQON: EU(RI/SKETAI GA\R KAI\ OU(=TOS A)PO\ TW=N NEFW=N PNE/WN. PERI\ OU)=N TOU/TOU TOU= E)KNEFI/OU NU=N DIA-LAMBA/NEI, O(/STIS OU) KURI/WS E)STI\N E)KNEFI/AS, H)\ DH=LON, O(/TI PA/NTES OI( BORE/AI: I)SXURO/TATOS GA/R E)STIN O( BORE/AS OU) TH=| DUNA/MEI, W(S EI)/RHTAI, A)LLA\ TW=| PLH/-QEI. E)MPI/PTWN GA\R OU(=TOS A)PODIW/KEI TA\ NE/FH EI)S TO\N TO/PON, O(/QEN H)=LQON: KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN E)KNEFI/AS PROSAGOREU/ETAI. DE/KATON KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON H)=N ZH-TH=SAI, POI=OI A)/NEMOI/ EI)SIN OI( E)THSI/AI, KAI\ TOU=TO DH=LON, O(/TI BORE/AI: OI( GA\R E)THSI/AI OU)DE\N TOU/TOU DIAFE/ROUSI PLH\N TW=| XRO/NW|, E)PEIDH\ O( ME\N BORE/AS A)DIAFO/RWS PNEI=, OI( D' E)THSI/AI OI( E)N XRO/NW| W(RISME/NWS. 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DIAGINW/SKOMEN GA/R, PO/TERON A)PO\ KA/TWQEN A)/NW KINEI=TAI H( E(/LIC H)\ A)PO\ A)/NWQEN KA/TW, PRW=TON ME\N E)C AU)TH=S TH=S O)/YEWS: E)PEIDH\ GA\R FANERA/ E)STIN H( E(/LIC KAI\ AU)TH=| TH=| O)/YEI H)/GOUN TUFW\N DIA\ TH\N PAXUME/REIAN TH=S OU)SI/AS, E)PA\N TH\N E(/LIKA O(RW=MEN POTE\ ME\N KA/TW, POTE\ DE\ A)/NW XWROU=SAN, E)ROU=MEN, O(/TI KA/TWQE/N E)STIN H( A)RXH\ TH=S E(/LIKOS: EI) D' A)PO\ A)/NWQEN E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW MO/NON KINOI=TO, THNIKAU=TA R(HTE/ON A)/NWQEN E)/XEIN TH\N A)RXH/N. E)/PEITA DE\ KAI\ A)P' AU)-TW=N TW=N A(RPAZOME/NWN SWMA/TWN U(P' AU)TH=S TH=S E(/LIKOS KAI\ METEWRIZOME/NWN: EI) ME\N GA\R PRW=TON STRAFH=| TO\ SW=MA E)K TH=S OI)KEI/AS QE/SEWS, EI)=TA PLAGI/WS KINHQH=| KAI\ TO/TE METEWRISQH=|, THNIKAU=TA A)/NWQEN AU)TH\N E)/XEIN FAME\N TH\N A)RXH/N. AU(/TH KAI\ H( DIA/GNWSIS. LOIPO\N EI)/PWMEN KAI\ TA\S DIAFORA\S E)KNEFI/OU KAI\ TUFW=NOS. 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ME/XRI TOU/TOU PROAGAGW\N O( FILO/SOFOS TO\N PERI\ E)KNEFI/OU @1 KAI\ TUFW=NOS LO/GON E(CH=S PERI\ PRHSTH=ROS KAI\ KERAUNOU= DIALE/GETAI. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI O( KERAUNO\S OU)K E)/XEI TO\ KAI=ON: LEPTOMERH\S GA/R E)STIN H( KA-PNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS E)KPEPURWME/NH KAI\ TAXE/WS DIIOU=SA TO\ SW=MA DIA\ LEPTOME/REIAN, W(S MH\ FQA/NEIN KATAFLE/CAI: O(/QEN KAI\ KERAUNO\S LE/GETAI PARA\ TO\ EU)KRAH\S EI)=NAI KAI\ MH\ FLE/GEIN. A)/LLOS DE\ TOU/TOU PA/NU E)STI\ LEPTOMERE/-STATOS, W(S O)CU/TATA DIE/RXESQAI TO\ SW=MA KAI\ MH\ KAI/EIN O(/LWS MHDE\ ME-LAI/NEIN: KAI\ LE/GETAI A)RGO\S PARA\ TO\ A)RGENNO\N EI)=NAI, TOUTE/STI LAMPRO/N. % H)\ PAXUMERESTE/RAN E)/XEIN TH\N U(/LHN TOU= PRW/TOU, W(S MH\ DIIE/NAI TA-XE/WS, A)LL' E)MBRADU/NEIN KAI\ MELAI/NEIN TO\ SW=MA: KAI\ LE/GETAI YOLO/EIS PARA\ TO\ YAU/EIN TOU= SW/MATOS: E)/STI D' O(/TE KAI\ KAI/EI TA\ A)NTI/TUPA SW/MATA, W(S EI)/RHTAI, TA\ DE\ MANA\ DIE/RXETAI A)BLABW=S. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N O( KERAUNO/S. O( DE\ PRHSTH\R KATAFLE/GEI DIA\ TO\ SUNEPISPA=SQAI ME\N MEQ' E(AUTOU= PAXUMERE-STE/RAN OU)SI/AN E)K TOU= NE/FOUS KAI\ TAU/THN E)KPUROU=N: O(/QEN KAI\ PRHSTH\R KA-LEI=TAI PARA\ TO\ E)MPIPRA=N. TOU/TOU DE\ TOU= PRHSTH=ROS KAI\ PROHGEI=TAI PNEU=MA KAI\ SU/NESTIN AU)TW=| KAI\ E)PAKOLOUQEI=. KAI\ O(/TI ME\N PROHGEI=TAI, DH=LON E)K TOU= TA\ ME/LLONTA KERAUNOU=SQAI PRW=TON U(PO\ PNEU/MATOS R(H/GNUSQAI, EI)=Q' OU(/TW KERAUNOU=SQAI. O(/TI GA\R U(PO\ PNEU/MATOS R(H/GNUTAI TO\ SW=MA, DH=LON E)K TOU= POLLA/KIS U(PO\ BRONTH=S R(H/GNUSQAI KERA/MOUS: E)NTAU=QA GA\R OU)X W(S A)KOUSTO\N E)NH/RGHSEN H( BRONTH/, A)LL' W(S AI)/TION EI)=NAI. EI) GA\R W(S A)KOUSTO\N E)NH/RGHSEN, E)XRH=N E)N MO/NOIS TOI=S E)MYU/XOIS GI/NESQAI TH\N R(H=CIN U(PO\ TH=S BRONTH=S: NU=N DE\ O(RW=MEN, O(/TI KAI\ E)N KERA/MOIS GI/NETAI H( R(H=CIS: W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI PNEU/MATOS PLH/TTONTOS TOU=TO GI/NETAI. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ E)PAKOLOUQEI= PNEU=MA TW=| PRHSTH=RI, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ META\ TO\ KERAUNWQH=NAI ME/NEI DIISTA/MENA TA\ KEKERAUNWME/NA E)PI\ XRO/NON TINA\ BRAXU/N. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ SU/NESTIN AU)TW=| TW=| PRHSTH=RI, DH=LON, O(/TI E)K TOU= E)N AU)TAI=S TAI=S PURKAI+AI=S U(PO\ PRHSTH/RWN GI-NOME/NAIS O(RA=TAI TO\ PU=R XWRIZO/MENON TH=S U(/LHS TH=S KAOME/NHS KAI\ META-BALLO/MENON EI)S E(/TERON TO/PON. OU(/TW GOU=N E)N *)EFE/SW| PRHSTH=ROS PESO/NTOS KAI\ PURKAI+A=S GENOME/NHS E)GE/NETO PU=R METE/WRON XWRIZO/MENON TH=S U(/LHS TH=S KAOME/NHS KAI\ A)/LLOQEN A)/LLO METAPHDW=N. KAI\ OU) MO/NON DIA\ TO\ SUNUPA/RXEIN AU)TW=| PNEU=MA TOU=TO GI/NETAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ DIA\ TO\ E)C AU)TW=N TW=N KAOME/NWN CU/-LWN PNEU=MA POLU\ E)KKRI/NESQAI KAI\ SUMMI/GNUSQAI TW=| PURI/. TAU=TA PARADI/-DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*PERI\ DE\ TW=N U(POLOI/PWN EI)/PWMEN E)/RGWN TH=S E)KKRI/SEWS TAU/THS.>20}1 @*POI/AS; H)\ TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. KAI\ POI/WN <20U(POLOI/PWN;>20 PRHSTH=ROS, KERAUNOU=, E)KNEFI/OU, TUFW=NOS: TAU=TA GA\R H)=SAN LEI/PONTA TH=| DIAIRE/SEI. @1 {1<20*TO\N U(FHGHME/NON TRO/PON.>20}1 @*(/OTI KATA\ E)KPURHNISMO\N TAU=TA GI/NONTAI TA\ E(/C: BRONTH/, A)STRAPH/, KE-RAUNO/S, PRHSTH/R, E)KNEFI/AS, TUFW/N. {1<20*TO\ GA\R PNEU=MA TOU=TO E)KKRINO/MENON KATA\ MIKRA\ ME\N KAI\ SPORA/DHN DIERXO/MENON KAI\ DIAPNE/ON KAI\ LEPTOMERE/STERON O)\N BRONTA\S POIEI= KAI\ A)STRAPA/S.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STIN O(/PER E)LE/GOMEN E)N TH=| QEWRI/A|, O(/TI E)A\N H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQU-MI/ASIS H( E)N TW=| NE/FEI A)POKEKLEISME/NH E)KPURHNISQH=| TOU= NE/FOUS, DIESPASME/NH KAI\ LEPTOTE/RA OU)=SA POIEI= BRONTH\N KAI\ A)STRAPH/N. {1<20*)\AN D' A)QRO/ON KAI\ PUKNO/TERON, H(=TTON D' E)KKRIQH=| LEPTO/N, E)KNEFI/AS A)/NEMOS GI/NETAI. DIO\ KAI\ BI/AIOS.>20}1 @*)EA\N D' AU(/TH H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS H( E)NAPEILHMME/NH E)N TW=| NE/FEI MH\ DIESPASME/NH E)KKRIQH=|, A)LLA\ SUNEXH/S, KAI\ [2MH\]2 KATA\ ME/ROS, A)LL' EI) A)QRO/WS EI)/H DE\ KAI\ PAXUMERH\S W(S PRO\S TH\N PRW/THN, GI/NETAI O( E)KNEFI/AS: O(/QEN KAI\ BI/AIOS, E)PEIDH\ A)QRO/ON E)KKRI/NETAI SUNEXH\S KAQA/PER KROUNO/S, KAI\ DIA\ TH\N BI/AN TH=S E)KQLI/YEWS. {1<20*TO\ GA\R TA/XOS TH=S E)KKRI/SEWS POEI= TH\N I)SXU/N.>20}1 @*TW=| GA\R A)QRO/ON E)KKRI/NESQAI GI/NETAI BI/AIOS. {1<20*(/OTAN ME\N OU)=N SUNAKOLOUQH/SH| POLLH\ KAI\ SUNEXH\S E)/K-KRISIS, TO\N AU)TO\N GI/NETAI TRO/PON W(/SPER O(/TAN PA/LIN EI)S TOU)NAN-@TI/ON O(RMH/SH|: TO/TE GA\R U(ETO\S KAI\ U(/DATOS GI/NETAI PLH=QOS.>20}1 @*(/OTAN ME\N OU)=N E)KKRIQH=| H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS SUNEXH\S A)META/-BLHTOS, A)QRO/OS DE/, GI/NETAI O( E)KNEFI/AS: DIA\ GA\R TOU= A)KOLOUQH=SAI TH\N SUN-E/XEIAN E)SH/MANE TOU= PNEU/MATOS. O(/TAN D' E)KKRIQH=| E)K TOU= NE/FOUS A)META/-BLHTOS, A)LLA\ FQA/SH| KATENEXQH=NAI E)/TI OU)=SA E)N TW=| NE/FEI [1TOU=TO GA\R LE/GEI TO\ "3E)K TOU= E)NANTI/OU O(RMH=SAI"3]1, TO/TE GI/NETAI O( U(ETO\S KAI\ U(/DATOS PLH=QOS. {1<20*(UPA/RXEI ME\N OU)=N A)/MFW DUNA/MEI TAU=TA KATA\ TH\N U(/LHN.>20}1 @*)EKNEFI/AS KAI\ O( U(ETO/S: A)PO\ GA\R TH=S DITTH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. @1 {1<20*(/OTAN D' A)RXH\ GE/NHTAI TH=S DUNA/MEWS O(POTERASOU=N, SUNAKOLOUQEI= SUNEKKRINO/MENON E)K TH=S U(/LHS, O(POTE/ROU A)\N H)=| PLH=QOS E)NUPA/RXON PLEI=ON.>20}1 @*TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI E)A\N H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS H( E)N TW=| NE/FEI PERI-EXOME/NH POLLH/ E)STIN, W(S U(PERBA/LLEIN TH\N A)TMI/DA TH=| I)SXU/I, % O(/TE SUM-BA/LLEI E(AUTH=| KAI\ TH\N A)TMI/DA KAI\ GI/NETAI O( E)KNEFI/AS: EI) DE\ H( A)TMI\S PLEI/WN OU)=SA KATAYU/XEI TH\N A)NAQUMI/ASIN, SUMMETABA/LLEI AU)TH\N KAI\ GI/NETAI U(ETO/S. {1<20*(/OTAN DE\ TO\ E)KKRINO/MENON PNEU=MA TO\ E)N TW=| NE/FEI E(TE/RW| A)NTITUPH/SH| OU(/TWS, W(/SPER O(/TAN E)C EU)RE/OS EI)S STENO\N BIA/ZHTAI O( A)/NEMOS E)N PU/LAIS H)\ O(DOI=S.>20}1 @*ME/XRI TOU/TOU PERI\ E)KNEFI/OU DH=LA DIEI/LEKTAI, A)P' E)NTEU=QEN DE\ PERI\ TUFW=NOS DIALAMBA/NEI. KAI\ TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI E)PA\N H( E)KPURHNIZOME/NH KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS E)K TOU= NE/FOUS PROSPTAI/OUSA/ TINI STEREW=| SW/MATI %2%2%2, EI)=TA KAI\ PARA/DEIGMA TH=S PROSPTAI/SEWS FE/REI. % PW=S; W(/SPER OI( A)/LLOI A)/NEMOI KATA\ FU/SIN A)PO\ PLATE/OS E)RXO/MENOI TO/POU KAI\ EI)S STENO\N KATALH/GONTES KI-NOU=SI KA/RFH W(/SPER E)N TRIO/DW| H)\ E)N PU/LAIS H)\ E)N AU)LW=SI: TO/TE GA\R SFO-DRO/TEROI GI/NONTAI DIA\ TO\ EI)S E(\N SUNA/GESQAI. KAI\ AU(/TH ME/N E)STIN H( METACU-LOGI/A DHLOU=SA TO\ PARA/DEIGMA TH=S A)NTITUPH/SEWS. LOIPO\N E)PIFE/REI TO\ LOIPO/N. {1<20*)APWSQE/NTOS TOU= PRW/TOU MORI/OU TOU= R(E/ONTOS SW/MATOS DI' A(\ MH\ U(PEI/KEI H)\ DIA\ STENO/THTA H)\ DIA\ TO\ A)NTIPNEI=N, KU/KLON KAI\ DI/NHN GI/NESQAI PNEU/MATOS.>20}1 @*DEI= DE\ TH\N METACULOGI/AN U(PERBA/NTA OU(/TWS EI)PEI=N: "3O(/TAN TO\ E)KKRINO/-MENON PNEU=MA TO\ E)N TW=| NE/FEI E(TE/RW| A)NTITUPH/SH| A)PWSQE/NTOS TOU= PRW/TOU MORI/OU"3 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S. TI/ OU)=N FHSIN; O(/TAN ME\N H( E)KKRINOME/NH A)NAQUMI/ASIS E)/LQH| KATA\ GH=N H)\ KATA\ QA/LASSAN KAI\ A)NTITUPH/SH| TINI\ STEREW=| TO\ PRW=TON AU)TH=S MO/RION, EI)=TA PLH=CAN KAI\ A)POPALLO/MENON MH/T' E)/MPROSQEN DUNHQH=| XWRH=SAI DIA\ TO\ A)NTI/TUPON EI)=NAI SW=MA TO\ E)/MPROSQEN KEI/MENON, MH/TE DE\ PA/LIN O)PI/SW A)NTISTRE/YAI DIA\ TO\ A)NTIPNEI=N E(/TERON MO/RION KAI\ W)QEI=N TO\ PRW=TON, TO/TE GI/NETAI OI(=ON KU/KLOS KAI\ E(/LIC H( KI/NHSIS TOU= PNEU/MATOS. KAI\ @1 TOU=TO/ E)STI TUFW/N. KAI\ O(/RA, PW=S E)NTEU=QEN O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N A)PO\ KA/TWQEN GINOME/NHN E(/LIKA PARADI/DWSIN: E)REI= DE\ KAI\ PERI\ TH=S A)/NWQEN GINOME/NHS E)FECH=S. {1<20*KAI\ OU(/TWS A)EI\ TO\ E)XO/MENON, E(/WS E(\N GE/NHTAI, TOU=TO D' E)STI\ KU/KLOS.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI PROSPTAI=ON PNEU=MA PRO/SW XWRH=SAI OU) DU/NATAI, EI)S TOU)PI/SW PA/LIN E)LQEI=N KWLU/ETAI DIA\ TO\ W)QEI=SQAI U(F' E(TE/ROU. TI/ OU)=N POIEI=; XWREI= LOIPO\N EI)S TA\ PLA/GIA, H(=| OU) KWLU/ETAI, TOUTE/STIN O(/POU MH\ E)PI-PROSQEI=TAI. EI)=TA PA/LIN E)KEI=SE PROSPI/PTEI E(TE/RW| STEREW=| KAI\ PA/LIN A)NTW-QEI=TAI W(S E)PI\ TO\N TO/PON, E)/NQA PRW=TON PROSE/PTAISE. KAI\ OU(/TWS E)FECH=S TA\ MO/RIA TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS PROSPTAI/ONTA E(\N POIOU=SI, TOUTE/STI XORO/N. KAI\ DIA\ TI/ A)/RA TO\N KU/KLON <20E(\N>20 E)KA/LESEN O( FILO/SOFOS; H)\ DIA\ ͈TOU=TO, E)PEIDH\ H( KUKLIKH\ KI/NHSIS MI/A E)STI\ KAI\ A(PLH=, EI)/PER H( E)P' EU)QEI/AS KI/NHSIS SU/NQETO/S E)STIN E)/K TE TH=S E)P' EU)QEI/AS KAI\ TH=S KUKLIKH=S. E)K ME\N TH=S E)P' EU)QEI/AS, O(/TAN E)P' EU)QEI=AN POREU/HTAI TO\ KINOU/MENON: A)LL' E)PEIDH\ OU)K EI)S A)/PEIRON E)KTEI/NETAI H( EU)QEI=A KI/NHSIS, A)LLA\ KAI\ U(POSTRE/FEI, PA/NTWS E)N TH=| U(POSTROFH=| GI/NETAI KUKLOEIDH\S KI/NHSIS. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ H( E(LIKOEIDH\S KI/NHSIS SU/NQETO/S E)STI KAI\ H( TH=S LEGOME/NHS E)KLEI/YEWS. O( DE\ KU/KLOS AU)-TH=S % A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU PROSPTAI/OUSAI EU)QEI=AI A)/NISOI/ EI)SI. KAI\ EI) SU/N-QETO/S E)STI KAI\ H( TAU/THS KI/NHSIS, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ H( E)N TOI=S I(PPODRO/MOIS KI/NHSIS TAU/TH| E)OIKUI=A. ME/MIKTAI GA\R SFENDO/NH| TA\ PE/RATA: E)PA\N ME\N E)P' EU)QEI/AS TRE/XWSIN OI( I(/PPOI, EU)QE/WS FE/RONTAI: O(/TAN DE\ PARA\ TH\N SFENDO/NHN E)/LQWSIN, A)RGO/TERON THNIKAU=TA KINOU=NTAI. E)PI\ MO/NOU DE\ TOU= KU/KLOU A(PLH= KAI\ MI/A E)STI\ KI/NHSIS: KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO <20E(\N>20 AU)TO\N EI)=PEN. {1<20*)EPI\ TH=S GH=S OU)=N DIA\ TAU=TA GI/NONTAI OI( DI=NOI KAI\ E)N TOI=S NE/FESIN O(MOI/WS KATA\ TH\N A)RXH/N.>20}1 @*DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN H( A)PO\ TH=S GH=S E(/LIC GI/NETAI, DIA\ TH\N AU)TH\N KAI\ H( A)PO\ TOU= NE/FOUS A)RXOME/NH, H(\N PARADI/DWSIN MIKRO\N U(/STERON. POI/A DE/; H( AI)TI/A TOU= KU/KLON GI/NESQAI. {1<20*PLH\N O(/TI W(/SPER O(/TAN E)KNEFI/AS GI/NETAI.>20}1 @*)EA/SAS TO\ PROKEI/MENON DIDA/CAI, O(/TI KAI\ TOU= NE/FOUS E(/LIC DIA\ TH\N AU)- @1TH\N AI)TI/AN, DIAFORA\N PARADI/DWSIN E)KNEFI/OU KAI\ TUFW=NOS. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI % O( ME\N E)KNEFI/AS SUNEFE/LKETAI MEQ' E(AUTOU= TO\ NE/FOS, O( DE\ TUFW\N SUN-EFE/LKETAI. {1<20*DIA\ DE\ PUKNO/THTA OU) DUNA/MENON E)KKRIQH=NAI TO\ PNEU=MA TOU= NE/FOUS STREFOME/NOU KU/KLW| TO\ PRW=TON DIA\ TH\N EI)RHME/NHN AI)TI/AN.>20}1 @*TH\N AI)TI/AN LE/GEI NU=N, DI' H(\N E)K TOU= NE/FOUS H( E(/LIC GI/NETAI: E)PEIDH\ GA/R, FHSI/N, OU) DU/NATAI E)KKRIQH=NAI TO\ PNEU=MA TOU= NE/FOUS DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI PUKNO\N E)N DI/NH| TH=| E)NTO\S DIA\ TH\N EI)RHME/NHN AI)TI/AN. POI/AN; TOU= PROS-PTAI/EIN PLEI/OSI MORI/OIS TOU= NE/FOUS A)NTITU/POIS E)/TI E)NTO\S AU)TOU= OU)=SA. {1<20*KA/TW DE\ FE/RESQAI DIA\ TO\ A)EI\ TA\ NE/FH.>20}1 @*AU(/TH DE\ H( E)NTO\S E(LITTOME/NH TOU= NE/FOUS, O(/POU A)EI\ PE/FUKE TO\ QERMO\N FE/RESQAI DIA\ TO\ E)PA/NWQEN FE/RESQAI TH\N PU/KNWSIN, FE/RETAI E)PI\ TO\ KA/TW ME/ROS TOU= NE/FOUS KA)KEI=QEN E)KPURHNI/ZETAI E(LIKOEIDW=S PRO\S TO\ SXH=MA, O(/PER EI)=XEN E)NTO/S, KAI\ OU(/TW GI/NETAI A)/NWQEN H( E(/LIC E)K TOU= NE/FOUS. {1<20*KALEI=TAI DE\ A)XRWMA/TISTON TOU=TO TO\ PA/QOS TUFW/N, A)/NE-MOS W)/N, OI(=ON E)KNEFI/AS A)/PEPTOS.>20}1 @*AU(/TH DE\ H( E)KPURHNIZOME/NH BIAI/WS KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS, A)\N A)XRW-MA/TISTOS H)=|, TOUTE/STIN A)NEKPU/RWTOS, KALEI=TAI TUFW/N, O(/STIS OI(=ON E)KNEFI/AS A)/PEPTO/S E)STIN. TI/ E)STIN E)KNEFI/AS A)/PEPTOS; OU)X O(/TI O( ME\N E)KNEFI/AS LEPTO/S, O( DE\ TUFW\N PAXU/S, E)KA/LESE TO\N TUFW=NA E)KNEFI/AN A)/PEPTON [1I)/SWS GA\R A)/N TIS TOU=TO U(POLA/BOI DIA\ TO\ TO\ ME\N LEPTO\N PRO\S TW=| A)PE/PTW| EI)=NAI, TO\ DE\ PAXU\ PRO\S TW=| PEPTOME/NW|]1, A)LL' O(/TI O( ME\N E)KNEFI/AS DIAKE/KRITAI TOU= NE/FOUS, O( DE\ TUFW\N OU) DIAKE/KRITAI, A)LL' O(/SON KATASPA=| KAI\ TO\ NE/FOS MEQ' E(AUTOU=. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N TO\ ME\N DIAKRINO/MENON PRO\ TH=S PE/YEW/S E)STI, TO\ DE\ A)DIA/KRITON PRO\ TH=S A)PEYI/AS, E)/OIKEN O( ME\N E)KNEFI/AS PEPEMME/NOS EI)=NAI, O( DE\ TUFW\N A)/PEPTOS, O(/QEN KAI\ BI/AIOS. TI/ OU)=N FHSIN; O(/TI TUFW\N OI(=ON E)KNEFI/AS E)STI/N, A)LL' OU) KURI/WS E)KNEFI/AS, TOUTE/STI DIAKEKRIME/NOS, A)LL' A)/PEPTOS E)KNEFI/AS, TOUTE/STIN A)DIA/KRITOS. TOU=TO GA\R EI)=PE TW=| <20OI(=ON>20 KOLA/SAS TH\N LE/CIN. @1 {1<20*BO/REIOS D' OU) GI/NETAI TUFW\N OU)DE\ NIFETW=N O)/NTWN E)K-NEFI/AS.>20}1 @*TH\N A)/LLHN DIAFORA\N NU=N PARADI/DWSI TUFW=NOS KAI\ E)KNEFI/OU, O(/TI O( ME\N U(ETOI=S KOLA/ZETAI, O( DE\ YUXRW=| PNEI=, TOUTE/STI BOREI/W|. KAI\ KALEI= TO\N ME\N U(ETO\N YU=XOS, TO\N DE\ BORE/AN PA/GON DIA\ TH\N E)PIKRA/TEIAN TOU= YU/XOUS. KALEI= DE\ NU=N TO\N U(ETO\N KAI\ NIFETO\N A)KOLOU/QWS TW=| POIHTH=|: FHSI\ GA\R AU)TO/S: "E)/PEA NIFA/DESSIN E)OIKO/TA XEIMERI/H|SIN". {1<20*(/OTI DE\ KRATEI=, DH=LON.>20}1 @*(/OTI U(PERBA/LLEI BORRA=S TO\N U(ETO\N KATA\ TH\N YU/CIN, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ TA\ BO/REIA ME/RH U(GRO/TERA/ EI)SIN. OU) GA\R A)\N H)=N U(GRO/TERA, EI) MH\ H)=SAN KAI\ YUXRO/TERA. EI)/RHTAI GA/R, O(/TI H( YU/CIS TOU= U(GROU= POIHTIKH/ E)STI DIA\ TO\ SU-STRE/FEIN TH\N A)TMI/DA KAI\ METABA/LLEIN. {1<20*)/ESTI D' O(/TE DIA\ TH\N A)NTI/KROUSIN TH=S DI/NHS, O(/TAN E)PI\ TH\N GH=N FE/RHTAI H( E(/LIC SUGKATA/GOUSA TO\ NE/FOS, OU) DUNAME/NH A)POLUQH=NAI.>20}1 @*DIA\ DU/O GA\R TRO/POUS GI/NETAI O( TUFW\N TOU\S H)/DH EI)RHME/NOUS: DIA\ TO\ E)KPURHNIZOME/NHN TH\N A)NAQUMI/ASIN FE/RESQAI KAT' EU)QUWRI/AN E)PI\ TH\N GH=N KAI\ A)NTI/KROUSIN U(POME/NEIN KATA\ STEREOU= SW/MATOS, O(/TAN KAI\ KA/TWQEN H( E(/LIC A)/RXHTAI GI/NESQAI. [2H)\]2 O(/TAN PAXU/TATON O)\N TO\ PNEU=MA KATA\ TO\N E)KNEFI/AN OU) DU/NATAI E)KKRIQH=NAI TOU= NE/FOUS KAI\ E)/SWQEN E)NDINH=TAI, A)NTIKROU=ON TOI=S A)NTI-TU/POIS MORI/OIS TOU= NE/FOUS, O(/TE KAI\ R(AGE/NTOS TOU= NE/FOUS U(PO\ BI/AS E)KKRI/NETAI TO\ PNEU=MA SUGKATAFE/RON KAI\ TO\ NE/FOS, O(/QEN KAI\ A)PO\ A)/NWQEN H( E(/LIC A)/RXE-TAI FE/RESQAI. {1<20*(/OTAN DE\ KATASPW/MENON E)KPURWQH=| [1TOU=TO D' E)STI/N, A)\N @LEPTO/TERON TO\ PNEU=MA GE/NHTAI]1, KALEI=TAI PRHSTH/R.>20}1 @*META\ TO\N E)KPURHNISMO/N, E)A\N E)K TH=S BIAI/AS KINH/SEWS LEPTUNQH=| TO\ PNEU=MA, W(S LEPTO/TERON GENE/SQAI TOU= TUFW=NOS, KAI\ E)CAFQH=|, PRHSTH\R KA-LEI=TAI: E)MPI/PRHSI GA\R DIA\ TO\ SUNEFE/LKESQAI MEQ' E(AUTOU= KAI\ MOI=RAN TOU= NE/FOUS, H(/TIS E)KPUROU=TAI. @1 {1<20*)EA\N D' E)N AU)TW=| TW=| NE/FEI POLU\ KAI\ LEPTO\N E)KQLIBH=| PNEU=MA, TOU=TO GI/NETAI KERAUNO/S.>20}1 @*)EA\N D' H)=| E)N AU)TW=| NE/FEI POLU\ KAI\ LEPTO/N, E)A\N H( E)MPERIEXOME/NH KA-PNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS E)N TW=| NE/FEI LEPTOMERESTE/RA H)=| TUFW=NOS KAI\ E)KNEFI/OU KAI\ PRHSTH=ROS, W(S DIA\ TH\N LEPTOME/REIAN E)/TI E)NTO\S OU)=SAN E)CAFQH=NAI U(PO\ TH=S KINH/SEWS, E)KPURHNISQH=| D' AU)TH\ DIA\ TH\N GINOME/NHN E)KTO\S PU/KNWSIN TOU= NE/FOUS, KERAUNO\S LE/GETAI H)\ A)RGH\S H)\ YOLO/EIS. {1<20*(O ME\N GA\R DIA\ TH\N LEPTO/THTA FE/RETAI, DIA\ DE\ TO\ TA/XOS FQA/NEI DIIW/N, PRI\N E)KPURW=SAI KAI\ E)PIDIATRI/YAS MELA=NAI.>20}1 @*(O ME\N A)RGH\S KERAUNO\S O)CE/WS FERO/MENOS DIA\ TH\N LEPTO/THTA PROS-PI/PTWN TINI\ SW/MATI FQA/NEI PARELQEI=N, PRI\N KATAFLE/CAI H)\ MELA=NAI TO\ SW=MA. OU) MO/NON GA\R E)N TOI=S GINOME/NOIS A)PO/XRH TO\ POIOU=N KAI\ TO\ PA/SXON, A)LLA\ DEI=TAI KAI\ XRO/NOU PRO\S TO\ PAQEI=N, O(/STIS E)KLE/LOIPE NU=N DIA\ TH\N O)CU/THTA TOU= FEROME/NOU. O( DE\ YOLO/EIS BARU/TEROS W)\N TOU= A)RGH=TOS E)MBRADU/NEI MA=L-LON E)N TOI=S SW/MASI KAI\ XRW/NNUSIN AU)TA/: E)/STI D' O(/TE KAI\ FLE/GEI MA/LISTA TA\ A)NTI/TUPA TW=N SWMA/TWN, W(S EI)/RHTAI. {1<20*)/ESTI D' O(/TE KAI\ TOI=S O)/MMASI QEWREI=N.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN KATASKEUA/ZEI, O(/TI KAI\ PROHGEI=TAI TOU= PRHSTH=ROS KAI\ TOU= KERAUNOU= PNEU=MA KAI\ E(/PETAI KAI\ SU/NESTIN. A)LLA\ TO\ ME\N PROHGOU/MENON KAI\ TO\ E(PO/MENON OU)X O(RA=TAI DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)KPEPURW=SQAI. OU)K E)KPEPU/RWTAI DE\ TO\ ME\N PROHGOU/MENON, E)PEIDH\ [DE\] LEPTO/TERON O)\N EU)XERE/STERON DIEFORH/QH KAI\ OU)K E)CH/FQH U(PO\ TH=S BI/AS: TO\ D' E(PO/MENON, E)PEIDH\ LOIPO\N H( O(RMH\ TOU= PNEU/MATOS KATAPAU/ETAI KAI\ OU)KE/TI E)STI\ PERI/ TE TO\ TE/LOS O(MOI/WS SFODRO/N. 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OU)KOU=N PNEU=MA TO\ PLH=TTON. {1<20*(\O E)A\N PATA/CH|, DIE/STHSE ME/N, E)PE/KAUSE DE\ OU)/.>20}1 @*TOU=TO/ FHSI: TO\ PNEU=MA TO\ PROHGOU/MENON TOU= PRHSTH=ROS PLH=TTON TO\ ME/LLON KERAUNOU=SQAI R(H/GNUSIN AU)TO\ DIASTH=SAN TH=S OI)KEI/AS SUNEXEI/AS, OU) MH\N KAI\ FLE/GEI AU)TO\ DIA\ TO\ A)NEKPU/RWTON EI)=NAI. O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ TO\ E(PO/-MENON TW=| PURI\ FULA/TTEI TH\N DIA/STASIN. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ DE\ A(/LW KAI\ I)/RIDOS, TI/ TE E(KA/TERON KAI\ DIA\ TI/NA @AI)TI/AN GI/NETAI, LE/GWMEN, KAI\ PERI\ PARHLI/WN KAI\ R(A/BDWN.>20}1 @*META\ TO\N XORO\N TO\N SUNISTA/MENON A)PO\ TW=N GINOME/NWN A)PO\ TH=S KA-PNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS E(\C U(PARXO/NTWN, BRONTH=S FHMI KAI\ A)STRAPH=S, PRH-STH=ROS KAI\ KERAUNOU=, TUFW=NO/S TE KAI\ E)KNEFI/OU, FE/RE KAI\ E)PI\ TO\N XORO\N TO\N SUNISTA/MENON A)PO\ TW=N GINOME/NWN A)PO\ TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS METE/LQWMEN TESSA/RWN O)/NTWN, I)/RIDO/S FHMI KAI\ A(/LW, PARHLI/WN KAI\ R(A/BDWN, KAI\ PERI\ E(KA/STOU TOU/TWN DIALEXQW=MEN. KAI\ GA\R TAU=TA TA\ TE/SSARA E)PI-XEIRH/MATA E)/XOUSI/ TINA KOINWNI/AN PRO\S A)/LLHLA, OU) MO/NON O(/TI E)K TH=S A)TMI-DW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS U(PA/RXOUSIN, W(S A)/N TIS U(POLA/BOI, [2A)LLA\ KAI\]2 O(/TI KOINW=S KAT' E)/MFASIN GI/NONTAI KAI\ OU) KAQ' U(PO/STASIN, EI) KAI\ TA\ MA/LISTA TW=| *)ALECA/NDRW| DOKEI= TINA\ ME\N AU)TW=N KAQ' U(PO/STASIN GI/NESQAI, TINA\ DE\ KATA\ E)/MFASIN. PRO\S DE\ TOU/TOIS E)/XOUSI KAI\ A)/LLO KOINO/N, O(/TI E(/KASTON AU)-TW=N KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN GI/NETAI, OU) KATA\ DIA/KLASIN. A)LL' EI) DOKEI=, PRW=TON PERI\ TH=S A(/LW DIALEXQW=MEN, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ O( FILO/SOFOS A)PO\ TAU/THS POIEI=TAI TH\N A)RXH\N TH=S DIDASKALI/AS, TOU=TO ME/N, E)PEIDH\ A(PLOU/STERO/S E)STIN O( PERI\ TAU/THS LO/GOS TOU= PERI\ I)/RIDOS, TOU=TO D' E)PEIDH\ H( ME\N A(/LWS A(PLH= KAI\ KATA\ TO\ XRW=MA KAI\ KATA\ TO\N A)RIQMO/N [1MI/A GA/R E)STIN E(\N XRW=MA DEIKNU/OUSA]1, H( DE\ I)=RIS DIPLH= ME/N E)STI TW=| A)RIQMW=|, TRIPLASI/WN DE\ TW=| XRW/MATI: TRI/A GA\R E)MFAI/NEI XRW/MATA, FOINIKOU=N, PRA/SINON, A(LOURGO/N. META\ DE\ TA\S R(A/BDOUS DIDA/SKEI PERI\ PARHLI/WN, E)PEIDH\ SUGGENW=S E)/XOUSI PARH/LIOI/ TE KAI\ R(A/BDOI @1 KATA\ TH\N QE/SIN. A)/MFW GA\R PAR' E(KA/TERA GI/NONTAI TOU= H(LI/OU, W(S EI)=NAI DIAI/RESIN TOIAU/THN: H( A)NA/KLASIS H)\ KATA\ KA/QETON GI/NETAI TOU= LAMPROU= H)\ KATA\ DIA/METRON H)\ KATA\ PAR' E(KA/TERA. KAI\ EI) ME\N KATA\ KA/QETON GI/NETAI, POIEI= TH\N A(/LW: EI) DE\ KATA\ DIA/METRON, I)=RIN: EI) DE\ KATA\ PAR' E(KA/TERA, H)\ POLU/XROUS E)STI\ KAI\ POIEI= R(A/BDOUS, H)\ MONO/XROUS KAI\ POIEI= PARH/LION. AU(/TH ME\N AU)TW=N H( QE/SIS. I)=RIS DE\ LE/GETAI W(S O)/MBRON A)GGE/LLOUSA, W(/SPER KAI\ H( POIHTIKH\ *)=IRIS TOU= *DIO\S A)/GGELOS EI)=NAI LE/GETAI. A(/LWS DE\ DIA\ TO\ A(/LWNI E)OIKE/NAI [1PERIFERH\S GA/R E)STIN H( A(/LWS DIA\ TO\ PERISTREFOME/NOUS TOU\S BO/AS W(S PERI\ KE/NTRON E)CWQEI=N TO\ A)/XURON A)PO\ TOU= KARPOU=]1 H)\ KATA\ TH\N KI/NHSIN. R(A/BDOS DE\ LE/GETAI KATA\ TO\ SXH=MA, E)PEIDH\ KATA\ MH=KOS E)KTE/TATAI DI/KHN R(A/BDOU. PARH/LIOI DE\ DIA\ TH\N PRO\S TO\N H(/LION O(MOIO/THTA, O(/QEN POTE\ KAI\ A)PATW=SI TH\N O)/YIN NOMI/ZONTES H(/LION EI)=NAI, MA/LISTA O(/TAN H)=| PRO\S TW=| O(RI/ZONTI O( H(/LIOS: E(/WQEN GA\S A)XLU\S H( PERI\ TO\N O(RI/ZONTA KWLU/EI TH\N O)/YIN DIAKRI=NAI, POI=OS ME\N O( H(/LIOS, POI=OS D' O( PARH/LIOS. TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TH=S QE/SEWS AU)TW=N KAI\ TH=S O)NOMASI/AS. E)NTAU=QA DE\ GENO/MENOS O( *)AFRODISIEU/S, OU)K OI)=DA TI/ PAQW/N, TH\N ME\N I)=RIN LE/GEI GI/NESQAI KATA\ DIA/KLASIN, TH\N D' A(/LW KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN. KAI\ OU) MO/NON EI)S TOU=TO A(MARTA/NEI, A)LLA\ KAI\ TH=S I)/RIDOS TO\ ME\N SXH=MA LE/GEI KATA\ E)/MFASIN EI)=NAI, TO\ DE\ XRW=MA KATA\ U(PO/STASIN. FE/RE DE\ H(MEI=S DEI/CWMEN, O(/TI KATA\ E)/MFASIN GI/NETAI KAI\ KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN: E)PEIDH\ GA\R H( E)/MFASIS H)\ KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN GI/NETAI H)\ KATA\ DIA/KLASIN, OU) MO/NON [DE/], O(/TI KATA\ E)/MFASIN TAU=TA GI/NONTAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN. KAI\ O(/TI KATA\ E)/MFASIN GI/NONTAI KAI\ OU) KAQ' U(PO/STASIN, DH=LON E)K TRIW=N TINWN. PRW=TON ME\N A)EI\ PERI\ KE/NTRON O(RA=TAI TO\ LAMPRO\N E)PI\ TH=S A(/LW PARA\ PA=SIN E)N PANTI\ TO/PW| [1E)PI\ A(/LW GA\R GUMNA/SWMEN TO\ LEGO/MENON]1: EI) GA\R H)=N KAQ' U(PO/STASIN, OU)K A)EI\ PERI\ KE/NTRON E)/DEI EI)=NAI TH\N SELH/NHN TH=S A(/LW H)\ TO\N H(/LION, A)LLA\ PERI\ TA\S DIAFO/ROUS QE/SEIS TW=N TO/PWN, E)N OI(=S E)STIN H( O)/YIS, H)\ TW=N KLIMA/TWN POTE\ ME\N PERI\ KE/NTRON O(RA=SQAI, POTE\ D' OU) PERI\ KE/NTRON, O(/TAN MH\ H)=| KATA\ KA/QETON. OU(/TW GA\R KAI\ H( H(LIAKH\ E)/KLEIYIS KAQ' U(PO/-STASIN OU)=SA OU) PARA\ PA=SIN AU)TH\ FAI/NETAI, A)LLA\ PARA\ TISI\ ME\N FAI/NETAI, PARA\ TISI\ D' OU) FAI/NETAI H)\ OU)X O(MOI/WS FAI/NETAI OU)D' E)PI\ TA\ AU)TA\ ME/RH OU)=SA TOU= H(LI/OU. PRW=TON TOU=TO. DEU/TERON: EI) KAQ' U(PO/STASIN H)=SAN TAU=TA, E)/DEI NE/FOUS PARATRE/XONTOS TO\N H(/LION H)\ TH\N SELH/NHN MH\ PAU/ESQAI: A)LLA\ MH\N NE/FOUS PARADRAMO/NTOS OU) FAI/NONTAI. OU)K A)/RA I)DI/AN E)/XOUSIN U(PO/STASIN: DE/ONTAI GA\R TOU= LAMPROU= PRO\S TO\ SUSTH=NAI. TRI/TON, O(\ POLLA/KIS EI)/RHTAI, O(/TI OU)K H)DU/NATO OU(/TWS A)PHKRIBWME/NON MAQHMATIKO\N SXH=MA SUSTH=NAI KATA\ A)LH/QEIAN E)N A)STA/TW| OU)SI/A|, LE/GW DH\ TW=| A)E/RI KAI\ TOI=S NE/FESIN, A)LLA\ MA=LLON KATA\ E)/MFASIN GI/NONTAI. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N A)PODEIKTE/ON, O(/TI KAT' E)/MFASIN GI/-NONTAI, OU) KAQ' U(PO/STASIN. LOIPO\N A)PODEI/COMEN, O(/TI KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN GI/- @1NONTAI KAI\ OU) KATA\ DIA/KLASIN. A)LL', EI) DOKEI=, PRW=TON ZHTH/SWMEN, EI) AU)TO\ TOU=TO KLA=TAI H( O)/YIS, EI)/TE KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN EI)/TE KATA\ DIA/KLASIN. O(/TI GA\R KLA=TAI H( O)/YIS, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ O(RW=MEN POLLA/KIS, E)F' A(\ MH\ BLE/POMEN. OU(/-TWS E)N KATO/PTRW| E)NORW=NTES O(RW=MEN E(/TERA/ TINA SW/MATA, E)F' A(\ MH\ BLE/-POMEN, DHLONO/TI TH=S O)/YEWS A)NAKLWME/NHS PRO\S AU)TA\ A)PO\ TOU= KATO/PTROU. A)LL' E)KEI=NA PA/LIN O(RW=MEN, A(\ MH\ DUNA/MEQA I)DEI=N, W(S DHLOU=SI TA\ O)PISQO-FANH=. % KA/TOPTRA GA\R O)PI/SQIA LEGO/MENA MH\ DUNA/MENA XWRI\S KATO/PTROU QEA/SASQAI, DHLONO/TI DIA\ TO\ KLW/MENON TH=S O)/YEWS W(S PRO\S E)KEI=NA GI/NETAI AU)TW=N H( A)NTI/LHYIS. PRO\S DE\ TOU/TOIS KA)K TOU/TOU DH=LON, O(/TI E)PEIDH\ POL-LA/KIS PERI\ LU/XNON O(RW=MEN PRASINOEIDH= XRW/MATA. TO\ GA\R LAMPRO\N TO\ E)K TOU= FWTO\S PROSGENO/MENON TH=| O)/YEI MH/PW A)MUDRWQE\N FOINIKOU=N XRW=MA POIEI=: E)PEI\ DE\ A)MUDROU/MENON O(DEU/EI E)PI\ TO\ ME/LAN, KAI\ TA\ XRW/MATA DEI/KNUSIN. OU(/TW GOU=N META\ TO\ FOINIKOU=N EU)QU\S PRA/SINON, EI)=Q' A(LOURGO\N XRW=MA DEI/-KNUSIN W(S H)/DH E)CASQENH=SAN, H)\ KAI\ I)/RIDOS SXH=MA, E)PA\N A)MELE/STERON KATANO-H/SWMEN. TOU=TO DE\ TO\ SHMEI=O/N E)STIN E)MFA/SEWS KAI\ A)NAKLA/SEWS, KAI\ O(/TI E)N H(LI/W| TINO\S R(A/NANTOS U(/DWR, W(S GENE/SQAI POLLA\S R(ANI/DAS, O(RW=MEN E)N TAI=S R(ANI/SI LAMPHDO/NAS A)NAKLWME/NHS TH=S O)/YEWS A)PO\ TW=N R(ANI/DWN PRO\S TO\N H(/LION. A)/LLWS TE KAI\ *)ARXIMH/DHS AU)TO\ TOU=TO DEI/KNUSIN, O(/TI KLA=TAI H( O)/YIS, E)K TOU= DAKTULI/OU TOU= E)N A)GGEI/W| BALLOME/NOU. E)A\N GA\R DAKTU/LION E)MBA/LH|S E)N A)GGEI/W| MH\ E)/XONTI U(/DWR, OU) FANH/SETAI/ SOI DIA\ TO\ E)PIPROSQEI=N TO\ SW=MA TOU= A)GGEI/OU: EI) D' E)MBA/LH|S U(/DWR, PAR' AU)TA\ FANH/SETAI TH=S O)/YEWS E)PI\ TO\ U(/DWR PROSPIPTOU/SHS DI/KHN E)NO/PTROU KAI\ E)PI\ TO\N DAKTU/LION % KUKLOUME/NOU KATA\ DIA/KLASIN. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N A)PODEIKTE/ON KLWME/NHN TH\N O)/YIN. ZHTH/-SWMEN DE\ KAI\ TH\N DIAFORA\N A)NAKLA/SEW/S TE KAI\ DIAKLA/SEWS. DIAFE/ROUSI PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI E)PI\ ME\N TH=S A)NAKLA/SEWS TO\ O(RW=N KAI\ TO\ O(RW/MENON E)N E(NI\ U(PA/RXOUSIN E)PIPE/DW|, TO\ DE\ KA/TOPTRON KATA\ TO\N A)NTIKEI/MENON TO/PON, E)PI\ ӈDE\ TH=S DIAKLA/SEWS METACU\ TOU= TE O(RW=NTOS KAI\ TOU= O(RWME/NOU KEI=TAI TO\ KA/TOPTRON. AU(/TH ME\N FE/RE PRW/TH FUSIKH\ DIAFORA/. FE/RE DE\ KAI\ MAQH-MATIKH\N AU)TW=N E)PISTH/MHN PARADW/SOMEN: H( ME\N GA\R A)NA/KLASIS KATA\ I)/SAS GI/NETAI GWNI/AS, H( DIA/KLASIS DE\ KATA\ A)MBLEI/AS. KAI\ O(/TI H( A)NA/KLASIS KATA\ I)/SAS GWNI/AS, DH=LON, O(/TI E)PEIDH\ TRIW=N SHMEI/WN O)/NTWN, E(NO\S ME\N E)/NQA E)STI\ TO\ O(RW/MENON, E(TE/ROU DE\ E)/NQA TO\ O(RW=N, KAI\ A)/LLOU PA/LIN E)/NQA TO\ KA/TOPTRON, @1 EI) A)MEI/YOUSI TO\ O(RW/MENON E)KEI=SE E)/NQA H)=N TO\ O(RW=N, H( AU)TH\ PA/LIN GENH/-SETAI GWNI/A H(/TIS KAI\ PRO/TERON H)=N, O(/TE H)=SAN E)N TOI=S OI)KEI/OIS TO/POIS, KAI\ OU)/TE MEI/ZWN OU)/TE E)LA/TTWN, DH=LON D' O(/TI TOU= KATO/PTROU KATA\ TO\N A)NTIKEI/-MENON TO/PON FULATTOME/NOU [DE/]. FE/RE DE\ KAI\ DIA\ GRAMMIKH=S A)PODEI/CEWS TOU=TO DEI/CWMEN, O(/TI PRO\S I)/SAS GWNI/AS GI/NETAI H( A)NA/KLASIS. E)PEIDH\ GA\R TOU=TO W(MOLOGHME/NON E)STI\ PARA\ PA=SIN, O(/TI OU)DE\N MA/THN E)RGA/ZETAI H( FU/SIS OU)DE\ MATAIOPONEI=, E)A\N MH\ DW/SOMEN PRO\S I)/SAS GWNI/AS GI/NESQAI TH\N A)NA/-KLASIN, PRO\S A)NI/SOUS MATAIOPONEI= H( FU/SIS: KAI\ A)NTI\ TOU= DIA\ BRAXEI/AS PERIO/DOU FQA/SAI TO\ O(RW/MENON TH\N O)/YIN, DIA\ MAKRA=S PERIO/DOU TOU=TO FANH/SETAI KATA-LAMBA/NOUSA: EU(REQH/SONTAI GA\R AI( TA\S A)NI/SOUS GWNI/AS PERIE/XOUSAI EU)QEI=AI, AI(/TINES A)PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS PERIE/XOUSI FEROME/NAS PERI\ TO\ KA/TOPTRON KA)KEI=QEN PERI\ TO\ O(RW/MENON, MEI/ZONES OU)=SAI TW=N TA\S I)/SAS GWNI/AS PERIEXOUSW=N EU)-QEIW=N. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: U(POKEI/SQW GA\R TO\ KA/T-OPTRON EU)QEI=A/ TIS H( *A*B KAI\ E)/STW TO\ ME\N O(RW=N *G, TO\ D' O(RW/MENON TO\ *D, TO\ DE\ *E SHMEI=ON TOU= KATO/PTROU, E)N W(=| PROSPI/PTOUSA H( O)/YIS A)NAKLA=TAI PRO\S TO\ O(RW/MENON, E)/STW, KAI\ E)PEZEU/XQW H( *G*E, *E*D. LE/GW, O(/TI H( U(PO\ *D*E*A GWNI/A I)/SH E)STI\ TH=| U(PO\ *G*E*B. EI) GA\R MH/ E)STIN I)/SH, E)/STW E(/TERON SHMEI=ON TOU= KATO/PTROU, E)N W(=| PROSPI/PTOUSA H( O)/YIS PRO\S A)/NISON GWNI/AN A)NAKLA=TAI, TO\ *Z, KAI\ E)PEZEU/XQW H( *G*Z, *Z*D: DH=LON, O(/TI H( U(PO\ *D*Z*A GW-NI/A MEI/ZWN E)STI\ TH=S U(PO\ *G*Z*B GWNI/AS. LE/GW, O(/TI AI( *G*Z, *Z*D EU)QEI=AI, AI(/-TINES TA\S A)NI/SOUS GWNI/AS PERIE/XOUSIN U(POKEIME/NHS TH=S *A*B EU)QEI/AS, MEI/- @3ZONE/S EI)SI TW=N *G*E, *E*D EU)QEIW=N, AI(/TINES TA\S I)/SAS GWNI/AS PERIE/XOUSI META\ TH=S *A*B. H)/XQW GA\R KA/QETOS A)PO\ TOU= *D E)PI\ TH\N *A*B KATA\ TO\ *H SHMEI=ON @1 KAI\ E)KBEBLH/SQW E)P' EU)QEI/AS W(S E)PI\ TO\ *Q. FANERO\N DH/, O(/TI AI( PRO\S TW=| *H GWNI/AI I)/SAI EI)SI/N: O)RQAI\ GA/R EI)SI. KAI\ E)/STW H( *D*H TH=| *H*Q I)/SH KAI\ E)PEZEU/XQW H( *Q*Z KAI\ H( *Q*E. AU(/TH ME\N H( KATASKEUH/. E)PEI\ OU)=N I)/SH E)STI\N H( *D*H TH=| *H*Q, A)LLA\ KAI\ H( U(PO\ *D*H*E GWNI/A TH=| U(PO\ *Q*H*E GWNI/A| I)/SH E)STI/, KOINH\ DE\ PLEURA\ TW=N DU/O TRIGW/NWN H( *H*E, KAI\ BA/SIS H( *Q*E BA/SEI TH=| *E*D I)/SH E)STI/. KAI\ TO\ *H*Q*E TRI/GWNON TW=| *D*H*E TRIGW/NW| I)/SON E)STI\ KAI\ LOIPAI\ GWNI/AI TAI=S LOIPAI=S GWNI/AIS EI)SI\N I)/SAI, U(F' A(\S AI( I)/SAI PLEURAI\ U(POTEI/NOUSIN: I)/SH A)/RA H( *Q*E TH=| *E*D. PA/LIN E)PEIDH\ TH=| *H*Q I)/SH E)STI\N H( *H*D, KAI\ GWNI/A H( U(PO\ *D*H*E GWNI/A| TH=| U(PO\ *Q*H*E I)/SH E)STI/, KOINH\ DE\ H( *H*Z TW=N DU/O TRI-GW/NWN TW=N *D*H*Z KAI\ *Q*H*Z, KAI\ BA/SIS A)/RA H( *Q*Z BA/SEI TH=| *Z*D I)/SH E)STI/, KAI\ TO\ *Z*H*D TRI/GWNON TW=| *Q*H*Z TRIGW/NW| I)/SON E)STI/N: I)/SH A)/RA E)STI\N H( *Q*Z TH=| *Z*D. KAI\ E)PEI\ I)/SH E)STI\N H( *Q*E TH=| *E*D, KOINH\ PROSKEI/SQW H( *E*G. DU/O A)/RA AI( *G*E, *E*D DUSI\ TAI=S *G*E, *E*Q I)/SAI EI)SI/N: O(/LH A)/RA H( *G*Q DUSI\ TAI=S *G*E, *E*D I)/SH E)STI/. KAI\ E)PEI\ PANTO\S TRIGW/NOU AI( DU/O PLEURAI\ TH=S LOIPH=S MEI/ZONE/S EI)SI PA/NTH| METALAMBANO/MENAI, TRIGW/NOU A)/RA TOU= *Q*G*Z AI( DU/O PLEURAI\ AI( *Q*Z, *Z*G MIA=S TH=S *G*Q MEI/ZONE/S EI)SIN. A)LL' H( *G*Q I)/SH E)STI\ TAI=S *G*E, *E*D: AI( *Q*Z, *Z*G A)/RA MEI/ZONE/S EI)SI TW=N *G*E, *E*D. A)LL' H( *Q*Z TH=| *Z*D E)STI\N I)/SH. AI( *G*Z, *Z*D A)/RA TW=N *G*E, *E*D MEI/ZONE/S EI)SI. KAI/ EI)SIN AI( *G*Z, *Z*D AI( TA\S A)NI/SOUS GWNI/AS PERIE/XOUSAI: AI( A)/RA TA\S A)NI/SOUS GWNI/AS PERIE/XOUSAI MEI/ZONE/S EI)SI TW=N TA\S I)/SAS GWNI/AS PERIEXOUSW=N, O(/PER E)/DEI DEI=CAI. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N DIA\ TW=N DU/O E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN TOU= TE FUSIKOU= KAI\ TOU= MAQHMATIKOU= DEI/KNUTAI, O(/TI PRO\S I)/SAS GWNI/AS H( A)NA/KLASIS GI/NETAI. FE/RE DE\ DEI/CWMEN, PW=S KAI\ H( DIA/KLASIS KATA\ A)MBLEI/AS GI/NETAI GWNI/AS. U(POKEI/SQW GA\R U(/DWR EI)=NAI TO\ *A*B, TO\ DE\ O(RW=N TO\ *G, AI( DE\ A)KTI=NES AI( TW=| U(/DATI PROSPI/PTOUSAI A)PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS AI( *A*G, *G*B, KAI\ E)KBEBLH/SQWSAN AI( *G*A, *G*B E)P' A)/PEIRON. KAI\ A)PO\ TW=N *A*B SHMEI/WN, E)/NQA AI( A)KTI=NES PROSPI/-PTOUSI TW=| U(/DATI, H)/XQWSAN PRO\S O)RQA\S GWNI/AS TH=| *A*B H( *D*A KAI\ H( *E*B: AU(=TAI D' E)/STWSAN NOHTAI/. FANERO\N DH/, O(/TI AI( A)KTI=NES OU)/TE E)P' EU)QEI/AS @1 XWROU=SI DIA\ TO\ E)MPODI/ZESQAI U(PO\ TOU= U(/DATOS [1OU) GA\R A)NEKLW=NTO, EI) E)P' EU)QEI/AS E)XW/ROUN E)N TW=| U(/DATI]1, OU)/TE MH\N PRO\S O)RQA\S KLW=NTAI: TI/ GA\R TO\ A)NAGKA/ZON; LEI/PETAI PRO\S LOCA\S GWNI/AS KLA=SQAI. OU)KOU=N A)PO\ TW=N *A*B SHMEI/WN METACU\ TW=N E)P' EU)QEI/AS E)KBEBLHME/NWN KAI\ TW=N *A*D, *B*E E)KBE-BLH/SQWSAN E)P' EU)QEI/AS AI( *A*Z, *B*H. FANERO/N, O(/TI AU(=TAI LOCA\S GWNI/AS @3PERIE/XOUSI, KAI/ EI)SIN AU(=TAI A)PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS PEMPO/MENAI AI( A)KTI=NES KAI\ DIEISDU/NOUSAI E)N TW=| U(/DATI. KATA\ LOCA\S A)/RA GWNI/AS GI/NETAI H( DIA/KLASIS. AU(/TH OU)=N DEUTE/RA E)STI\ DIAFORA\ DIA-KLA/SEWS KAI\ A)NAKLA/SEWS, O(/TI H( ME\N PRO\S I)/SAS GWNI/AS GI/NETAI, H( DE\ PRO\S A)MBLEI/AS. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ E(TE/RA TRI/TH DIAFORA/, O(/TI E)PI\ ME\N TH=S A)NAKLA/SEWS E)/LATTON FAI/NETAI TO\ O(RW/MENON, E)PI\ DE\ TH=S DIAKLA/SEWS MEI=ZON. H( DE\ AI)TI/A TOU/TOU E)STI/N, O(/TI E)PI\ ME\N TH=S A)NAKLA/SEWS SUNA/GONTAI AI( A)KTI=NES PRO\S TO\ O(RW/MENON, E)PI\ DE\ TH=S DIAKLA/SEWS DIAXE/ONTAI. KAI\ O(/TI MEI=ZON FAI/NETAI TO\ O(RW/MENON E)PI\ TH=S DIAKLA/SEWS, DH=LON. I)DOU\ GA\R TA\ E)N U(/DASIN O(RW/MENA LIQI/DIA MEGA/LA DOKEI= EI)=NAI, KAI\ O(/SW| E)N BA/QEI KEI=NTAI, TOSOU/TW| MEI/ZONA DOKOU=SIN: A)LLA\ KAI\ O( H(/LIOS A)NI/-SXWN DI' O(MI/XLHS QEWROU/MENOS MEI/ZWN EI)=NAI DOKEI=. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/N-TWN KATASKEUA/SWMEN, O(/TI KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN TAU=TA GI/NONTAI KAI\ OU) KATA\ DIA/-KLASIN, OU(/TWS: EI) GA\R KATA\ DIA/KLASIN TAU=TA E)GI/NONTO, E)/DEI TO\N H(/LION MEI/-ZONA FAI/NESQAI E)PI\ TH=S I)/RIDOS KAI\ TH\N SELH/NHN A)PO\ TH=S A(/LW. A)LLA\ MH\N OU) FAI/NONTAI MEI/ZONES E(AUTW=N: OU)K A)/RA KATA\ DIA/KLASIN GI/NONTAI, A)LLA\ KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN. E)/PEITA D' EI) KATA\ DIA/KLASIN E)GE/NONTO, E)XRH=N EI)=NAI METACU\ TH\N I)=RIN KAI\ TH\N A(/LW TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ TH=S H(METE/RAS O)/YEWS. A)LLA\ MH\N E)N TW=| E)NANTI/W| EI)SI\ TO/PW|: OU)K A)/RA KATA\ DIA/KLASIN GI/NONTAI, A)LLA\ KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ A)NAKLA/SEWS KAI\ DIAKLA/SEWS. A)LL' E)PEIDH/ TINES DIA-BA/LLOUSI TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LH FA/SKONTES AU)TO\N A)/PEIRON EI)=NAI GRAMMIKH=S E)PI-STH/MHS, KAI\ PEIRW=NTAI AU)TO\N DIELE/GXEIN E)N TOI=S PERI\ A(/LW KAI\ I)/RIDOS QEW-RH/MASI, FE/RE PROBA/LWMEN TA\ U(P' AU)TOU= LEGO/MENA KAI\ E)F' OI(=S E)KEI=NOI LAMBA/NONTAI: EI)=Q' OU(/TWS E)LEUQERW/SWMEN AU)TO\N TH=S E)KEI/NWN DIABOLH=S. E)PEIDH\ GA\R E)N TOI=S PERI\ A(/LW LO/GOIS E)/FH, O(/TI AI( A)PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS PROSPI/PTOUSAI EU)QEI=AI I)/SAI EI)SI\ KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU PRO\S TO\ NE/FOS, W(=N MI/A KA/QETO/S E)STIN, AI( DE\ LOIPAI\ AI( ME\N PRO\S TH=| KAQE/TW| EI)SI/N, AI( DE\ DIISTA/MENAI TH=S KAQE/TOU, DH=LON, O(/TI H( ME\N KA/QETOS PASW=N E)LAXI/STH E)STI/N: AI( DE\ DIISTA/MENAI TH=S KAQE/TOU KAI\ LOCW=S FERO/MENAI E)K TH=S O)/YEWS PRO\S @1 TO\ NE/FOS, E)KEI=NAI MEI/ZONES PASW=N EI)SIN: AI( DE\ PRO\S TH=| KAQE/TW| MEI/ZONES ME/N EI)SI TH=S KAQE/TOU, E)LA/TTONES DE\ TW=N MAKRA\N TH=S KAQE/TOU: OU)K A)/RA I)/SAI EI)SI/N. W(SAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU PROSPIPTOUSW=N EU)QEIW=N LE/GOUSIN. E)/STW GA\R O)/YIS ME\N TO\ *A, H(/LIOS DE\ TO\ *B, NE/FOS DE\ TO\ *G*Z*D, ׅKAI\ H)/XQWSAN A)PO\ ME\N TOU= *A EU)QEI=AI E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS TO\ *G*Z*D AI( *A*G, *A*D, *A*Z: A)PO\ DE\ TOU= H(LI/OU TOU= *B H)/XQWSAN E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS AI( *B*G, *B*D, *B*Z. DH=LON, O(/TI TW=N A)PO\ TOU= *A PEMPOME/NWN EU)QEIW=N E)PI\ TO\ *G*D*Z NE/FOS E)LA-XI/STH E)STI\N H( *A*Z W(S KA/QETOS OU)=SA: O( ME/NTOI *)ARISTOTE/LHS PA/SAS LE/GEI EI)=NAI I)/SAS. KAI\ PA/LIN TW=N A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU TOU= *B@3 E)PI\ TO\ *G*D*Z NE/FOS PEMPOME/NWN EU)QEIW=N E)LAXI/STH E)STI\N H( *B*Z W(S KA/QETOS: FHSI\ DE\ KAI\ TAU/TAS I)/SAS EI)=NAI PA/LIN PA/SAS: DOKEI= OU)=N PARA\ TH\N E)NA/R-GEIAN FQE/GGESQAI. AU(/TH ME\N AU)TW=N E)STIN H( KATH-GORI/A. FE/RE OU)=N H(MEI=S E)LEUQERW/SWMEN AU)TO\N TH=S TOIAU/THS U(POLH/YEWS. DEI= GA\R NE/FOS MH\ NOEI=N W(S E(\N E)PI/PEDON MH/TE SUNEXE/S, A)LLA\ NEFU/DRIA MIKRA\ DIESPASME/NA MH\ E)N E(NI\ E)PIPE/DW| KEI/MENA, A)LLA\ KATA\ BA/QOS A)LLH/LWN. KAI\ O(/TI EI)SI\ KATA\ BA/QOS KEI/MENA A)LLH/LWN NE/FH, KAI\ OI)=DE KAI\ AU)TO\S *)ARISTOTE/LHS. E)/FH GA\R E)N TW=| PERI\ BRONTH=S KAI\ A)STRAPH=S LO/GW|, O(/TI O(/TAN@3 [DE\] TO\ PNEU=MA E)KKRIQH=| TOU= NE/FOUS BIAI/WS KAI\ PROSPTAI/H| EI)S TA\ KATW/TERA KEI/MENA NE/FH, TO/TE BRONTH\ KAI\ A)STRAPH\ GI/NETAI: OI)=DEN A)/RA KATA\ BA/QOS KEI/MENA NE/FH. OU)K-OU=N DEI= U(POQE/SQAI NEFU/DRIA KATA\ BA/QOS A)LLH/LWN KEI/MENA, I(/NA TA\ KATA\ KA/QETON TH=S O)/YEWS KEI/MENA U(YHLOTE/RAN E)/XWSI TH\N QE/SIN, TA\ D' E)K PLAGI/OU BAQUTE/RAN. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN AI( A)PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS E)KPEMPO/-MENAI U(YHLOTE/ROIS PROSBA/LLOUSAI NE/FESIN A)NALOGOU=SI TW=| DIASTH/MATI TAI=S LOCW=S FERO-ME/NAIS E)PI\ TA\ XQAMALW/TERA NE/FH. E)/STW GA\R H( O)/YIS TO\ *O. E)K DE\ TOU= *O E)KPEMPE/-SQWSAN EU)QEI=AI I)/SAI E)PI\ TA\ NE/FH, AI( *O*K, *O*L, *O*M, *O*N, *O*C: KAI\ E)/STW @1 H( ME\N *O*K KA/QETOS KAT' EU)QEI=AN E)KPEMPOME/NH, AI( DE\ LOIPAI\ PLA/GIOI PAR' E(KA/-TERA TH=S *O*K. DH=LON O(/TI AU)TO\N TO\N TO/PON E)PIKATALAMBA/NOUSIN. E)/NQEN GA/R, W(S OI)=MAI, KAI\ KUKLOTERH\S H( A(/LWS FAI/NETAI, DIA\ TO\ TA\S E)KEI=SE PEMPOME/NAS EU)QEI/AS E)K TH=S O)/YEWS I)/SAS EI)=NAI KAI\ KATA\ U(/FESIN E)PIKATALAMBA/NEIN TOU\S TO/POUS, TH\N ME\N KA/QETON KAI\ TH\N PERI\ AU)TH\N TA\ U(YHLO/TERA NE/FH, TA\S D' A)/LLAS TA\S LOCA\S E)KPEMPOME/NAS EI)S TA\ TAPEINO/TERA. KAI\ OU(/TW KATA\ U(/FESIN KATA-LAMBANOUSW=N TW=N I)/SWN EU)QEIW=N TA\ NE/FH GI/NETAI KU/KLOS. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)N TOI=S PERI\ I)/RIDOS LO/GOIS E)GKALOU=SIN AU)TW=| W(S EI)PO/NTI TA\S E)K TH=S O)/YEWS E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS PROSPIPTOU/SAS EU)QEI/AS I)/SAS EI)=NAI TAI=S A)PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS E)PI\ TO\N H(/LION PROSPIPTOU/SAIS, O(/PER E)STI\N A)/PEIRON: A)PEI/RW| GA\R DIASTH/MATI U(PER-BA/LLOUSIN AI( A)PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS PRO\S TO\N H(/LION TA\S A)PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS PRO\S TO\ NE/FOS. FE/RE DE\ PA/LIN TO\ U(P' AU)TOU= LEGO/MENON E)KQH/SOMEN KAI\ PW=S E)KEI=NOI LAMBA/NONTAI DEI/CWMEN, EI)=Q' OU(/TWS TH\N E)PI/LUSIN E)PAGA/GWMEN. FHSI\ GA\R O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)N TW=| PERI\ I)/RIDOS LO/GW|, O(/TI E)/STW O(RI/ZWN KU/KLOS *O*H*M*N, KE/NTRON DE\ TO\ *A, H(/LIOS DE\ TO\ *H STOIXEI=ON, ME/LAN DE\ NE/FOS TO\ % *M*H. @3DH=LON, O(/TI AI( A)PO\ TOU= *A PRO\S TO\ *O*M*N PROSPI/PTOUSAI EU)QEI=AI I)/SAI EI)SI\ TAI=S A)PO\ TOU= *A PRO\S TO\ *H PROSPIPTOU/SAIS. FAI/NON-TAI DE\ POLLW=| U(PERE/XOUSAI AI( A)PO\ TOU= *A EI)S TO\ *H PROSPI/PTOUSAI EU)QEI=AI TA\S E)K TOU= *A PRO\S TO\ *N PROSPIPTOU/SAS. DOKEI= OU)=N PARA\ TH\N E)NA/RGEIAN FQE/GGESQAI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. A)LL' I(/NA TH=S TOIAU/THS AU)TO\N E)LEUQERW/SWMEN U(PONOI/AS, E(TE/RA| TINI\ XRHSW/MEQA KATAGRAFH=|. OU) GA/R, W(S E)KEI=-NOI/ FASI, TA\S A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU TOU= PAN-TO\S E)PI\ TO\N H(/LION PROSPIPTOU/SAS EU)QEI/AS I)/SAS EI)=NAI TAI=S A)PO\ TOU= @1 KE/NTROU PRO\S TO\ NE/FOS PROSPIPTOU/SAIS EI)=PEN *)ARISTOTE/LHS: TOU=TO GA\R LI/AN A)NO/HTON. OU)/TE GA\R TO\ KE/NTRON TOU= PANTO\S LAMBA/NEI, A)LLA\ KE/N-TRON E(/TERON E(TE/ROU KU/KLOU NOHTOU=, E)C OU(= AI( PROSPI/PTOUSAI TW=| NE/FEI KAI\ TW=| H(LI/W| I)/SAI EI)SI/N. EI)LH/FQW GA\R O(RI/ZWN TOU= NE/FOUS KU/KLOS O( *A*B*G, KE/NTRON DE\ TOU= PANTO\S TO\ *Z. E)/CWQEN DE\ TOU= NE/FOUS GEGRA/FQW A)/LLOS KU/KLOS O( *K*L*M E)MPERIE/XWN TO\N KU/KLON TOU= NE/FOUS: KAI\ E)/STW OU(=TOS O( O(RI/ZWN TOU= H(LI/OU H)/GOUN H(LIAKH\ SFAI=RA. KAI\ METACU\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS TOU= H(LI/OU E(/TEROS O(RI/ZWN GEGRA/FQW NOHTO\S E)FAPTO/MENOS TW=N DU/O O(RIZO/NTWN, TOU= TE NE/FOUS KAI\ TOU= H(LI/OU, KAI\ E)/STW TOU/TOU KE/NTRON TO\ *O. KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= *O KE/NTROU H)/XQWSAN EU)QEI=AI E)FAPTO/MENAI TOU= *A*B*G KU/KLOU, O(/S E)STI TOU= NE/FOUS, KAI\ TOU= *K*L*M, O(/S E)STI TOU= H(LI/OU. FANERO/N, O(/TI AU(=TAI AI( EU)QEI=AI I)/SAI A)LLH/LAIS EI)SI\N H( *O*B KAI\ H( *O*K KAI\ AI( LOIPAI/: A)PO/KENTROI GA/R EI)SI. DH=LON A)/RA, O(/TI TAU/TAS LE/GEI *)ARISTOTE/LHS A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU I)/SAS EI)=NAI KAI\ PRO\S TO\N H(/LION KAI\ PRO\S TO\ NE/FOS: E)KEI=NOI DE\ KATHGO/ROUN TOU= FILOSO/FOU W(S TH\N *Z*B TH=| *Z*K I)/SHN LE/GONTOS, O(/PER OU)K H)=N A)LHQE/S. W(S GA\R PRO\S TO\N NOHTO\N O(RI/ZONTA LE/GEI TAU=TA, % O(/NPER O(RI/ZONTA DIA\ A)/FATON SUNTOMI/AN W(S E)FAPTO/MENON TW=N DU/O O(RIZO/NTWN. TAU=TA/ EI)SI TA\ PROTE/LEIA TW=N MEL-LO/NTWN LE/GESQAI PERI\ A(/LW KAI\ I)/RIDOS. E)PI\ TOU/TOIS KATAPAU/SWMEN TH\N PAR-OU=SAN QEWRI/AN. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ DE\ A(/LW KAI\ I)/RIDOS TI/ TE E(KA/TERON, KAI\ DIA\ TI/NA AI)TI/AN GI/NETAI, LE/GWMEN.>20}1 @*(/WSPER E)N TH=| *FUSIKH=| PRAGMATEI/A| PERI\ TO/POU DIALEGO/MENOS O( *)ARI-STOTE/LHS KAI\ E)N TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S PERI\ TOU= TREFOME/NOU KAI\ E)N TAU/TH| TH=| PRAGMATEI/A| PERI\ XALA/ZHS PRW=TON TA\ U(PA/RXONTA AU)TOI=S PAR-E/DWKE, TOUTE/STI TA\ A)CIW/MATA, EI)=TA TA\S GENE/SEIS, KAI\ META\ TAU=TA TA\S AI)-TI/AS %2%2%2 TH=S GENE/SEWS A)PODEI=CAI. E)/STI DE\ U(PA/RXONTA I)/RIDI KAI\ A(/LW| TAU=TA: PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI H( ME\N A(/LWS W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON KU/KLOS FAI/NETAI TE/LEIOS U(PA/RXWN PERI\ TO\ LAMPRO/N, SPANI/WS D' E)LA/TTWN KU/KLOU. O(/TAN D' E)LA/TTWN KU/KLOU FAI/NHTAI, A)DIO/RISTON GI/NETAI TOU= TMH/MATOS TO\ ME/GEQOS: POTE\ ME\N GA\R H(MIKU/KLION FAI/NETAI, POTE\ DE\ MEI=ZON H(MIKUKLI/OU, POTE\ D' E)/TI MEI=ZON, POTE\ D' E)LA/XISTO/N E)STI TO\ LEI=PON. E)PI\ DE\ TH=S I)/RIDOS OU)X OU(/TWS. @1 AU(/TH GA\R KU/KLOS ME\N TE/LEIOS OU)DE/POTE FAI/NETAI, A)LL' A)EI\ E)/LATTON KU/KLOU. AU)TO\ DE\ TO\ SXH=MA A)EI\ W(RISME/NON E)STI\ TH=S I)/RIDOS: H)\ GA\R KAQ' H(MIKU/KLION FAI/NETAI H)\ KATA\ E)LA/XISTON H(MIKUKLI/OU TMH=MA. A)LL' O(/TAN ME\N KATA\ H(MI-KU/KLION FAI/NHTAI, THNIKAU=TA E)LA/TTONOS KU/KLOU H(MIKU/KLIO/N E)STI TO\ FAINO/-MENON SXH=MA TH=S I)/RIDOS: O(/TAN D' E)/LATTON H(MIKUKLI/OU H)=| TO\ SXH=MA TH=S I)/RIDOS, THNIKAU=TA MEI/ZONOS KU/KLOU TMH=MA FAI/NETAI TO\ FAINO/MENON. KAI\ H(NI/KA ME\N PERI\ TO\N O(RI/ZONTA O)/NTOS TOU= H(LI/OU GE/NHTAI H( I)=RIS, THNIKAU=TA TO\ H(MIKU/KLION FAI/NETAI SXH=MA TH=S I)/RIDOS: O(/TAN D' U(PE\R TO\N O(RI/ZONTA O( H(/LIOS I(KANO/N TI DIA/STHMA, TO/TE E)/LATTON H(MIKUKLI/OU FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS. AU(/TH PRW/TH DIAFORA\ I)/RIDOS KAI\ A(/LW. DEUTE/RA DIAFORA/, O(/TI H( ME\N A(/LWS PERI\ TH\N SE-LH/NHN W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON GI/NETAI, SPANI/WS DE\ KAI\ PERI\ TO\N H(/LION, H( DE\ I)=RIS TO\ A)NA/PALIN W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON ME\N A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU, SPANI/WS DE\ A)PO\ TH=S SELH/NHS. TRI/TH DIAFORA/, O(/TI H( ME\N A(/LWS W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON NU/KTWR GI/NETAI, SPANI/WS DE\ KAI\ E)N H(ME/RA| PERI\ TO\N H(/LION, H( DE\ I)=RIS TO\ A)NA/PALIN W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON ME\N H(ME/RAS A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU, SPANI/WS DE\ NU/KTWR A)PO\ TH=S SELH/NHS. TETA/RTH DIAFORA/, O(/TI H( ME\N A(/LWS PERI\ TO\N MESHMBRINO\N W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON GI/NETAI, SPANI/WS DE\ PERI\ TO\N O(RI/ZONTA, H( DE\ I)=RIS W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON ME\N PERI\ TO\N O(RI/ZONTA, SPANI/WS DE\ PERI\ TO\N MESHMBRINO/N. KAI\ I)=RIS O(/TAN O( H(/LIOS E)N TW=| NOTI/W| KLI/MATI/ E)STI, TOUTE/STIN E)N TW=| XEIMERINW=| TROPIKW=|, TO/TE GI/NETAI: E)PEIDH\ O( MESHMBRINO/S, E)N W(=| E)STIN O( H(/LIOS, OU) POLU\ A)PE/XEI TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS, TO/TE SPANI/WS PERI\ TO\N MESHMBRINO\N I)=RIS FAI/-NETAI, W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON DE\ PERI\ TO\N O(RI/ZONTA, KAI\ MA=LLON PERI\ TO\N ڈDUTIKO\N H)\ PERI\ TO\N A)NATOLIKO/N. PE/MPTH DIAFORA/, O(/TI H( ME\N A(/LWS A(PLH= E)STIN, H( DE\ I)=RIS DIPLH=. POU= ME\N GA\R MI/A FAI/NETAI A(/LWS, POU= DE\ DU/O I)/RIDES. E(/KTH DIAFORA/, O(/TI H( ME\N A(/LWS MONO/XROUS, H( DE\ I)=RIS TRI/XROUS. H( ME\N GA\R E)NTO\S ZW/NH FAI/NETAI FOINIKOU=N E)/XOUSA XRW=MA, H( DE\ DEUTE/RA PRA/-SINON, H( DE\ TRI/TH A(LOURGO/N, O(/PER E)PI\ TO\ MELA/NTERON PROSRE/PEI KAI\ POR-FURI/ZON, OI(=O/N E)STI TO\ E)N TH=| A(LOURGI/DI XRW=MA: H( DE\ A(/LWS LEUKO\N MO/NON E)/XEI TO\ XRW=MA. E(BDO/MH DIAFORA/, O(/TI H( ME\N A(/LWS E)PI\ O(MALOI=S KAI\ O(MOIO-MERE/SI GI/NETAI NE/FESI, H( DE\ I)=RIS E)PI\ TOI=S A)NWMA/LOIS KAI\ A)NOMOIOMERE/SI. DEI=TAI GA\R TW=N ME\N E)PIPOLAIO/TERON KEIME/NWN NEFW=N, TW=N DE\ BAQU/TERON, TOUTE/STIN A)NWMA/LWN, KAI\ TW=N ME\N PAXUTE/RWN, TW=N DE\ LEPTOTE/RWN, TOUT-E/STIN A)NOMOIOMERW=N PRO\S TO\ SUSTH=NAI H( I)=RIS: H( DE\ A(/LWS O(MALW=N KAI\ O(MOIOMERW=N. TAU=TA ME/N E)STI TA\ U(PA/RXONTA I)/RIDI/ TE KAI\ A(/LW| E(PTA\ TO\N A)RIQMO\N U(PA/RXONTA. LOIPO\N ZHTH/SWMEN KAI\ PERI\ R(A/BDWN KAI\ PARHLI/WN. U(PA/RXEI GA\R KAI\ TOU/TOIS TRI/A TINA\ PRO/SWPA. PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI TAU=TA OU)/TE KATA\ DIA/METRON GI/NONTAI TOU= LAMPROU= W(/SPER H( I)=RIS, OU)/TE KATA\ KA/QETON W(/SPER H( A(/LWS, A)LLA\ E)K PLAGI/WN TOU= LAMPROU= GI/NONTAI. DEU/TERON, O(/TI I)=RIS ME\N KAI\ H( A(/LWS NU/KTWR KAI\ MEQ' H(ME/RAN GI/NONTAI, PARH/LIOI DE\ KAI\ @1 R(A/BDOI H(ME/RAS MO/NON: PERI\ GA\R TO\N H(/LION MO/NON. TRI/TON, O(/TI KAI\ AU(=TAI PRO\S TO\N O(RI/ZONTA MA/LISTA GI/NONTAI H)\ PRO\S TO\N MESHMBRINO/N: E)/STI GA\R O(/TE KAI\ E)N TW=| MESHMBRINW=| GI/NONTAI, W(/SPER KAI\ I)=RIS, PERI\ TO\N O(RI/ZONTA DE\ MA/-LISTA TO\N DUTIKO/N. EI)PE\ DE\ KAI\ A)/LLHN DIAFORA/N: OI( ME\N R(A/BDOI E)P' A)NW-MA/LWN KAI\ A)NOMOIOMERW=N GI/NONTAI NEFW=N, W(/SPER KAI\ H( I)=RIS, O(/QEN KAI\ TRI/-XROUS E)STI\N H( R(A/BDOS, OI( DE\ PARH/LIOI E)PI\ O(MALW=N KAI\ O(MOIOMERW=N W(/SPER H( A(/LWS, O(/QEN KAI\ MONO/XROE/S EI)SI. TAU=TA ME/N EI)SI TA\ U(PA/RXONTA TOI=S KATA\ E)/MFASIN GINOME/NOIS. EI)/PWMEN LOIPO\N PERI\ TH=S GENE/SEWS AU)TW=N. A)LLA\ PRO\ TOU/TOU TRI/A TINA\ LH/MMATA PROBA/LLWMEN. W(=N TO\ PRW=TO/N E)STI TOIOU=TON: E)PEIDH\ GA\R TH=| PROTERAI/A| E)DIDA/XQHS, O(/TI A)NAKLA=TAI H( O)/YIS, DEI= OU)=N PRO\S O(\ GI/NETAI H( A)NA/KLASIS, TOUTE/STI TO\ E)/NOPTRON, PUKNO\N EI)=NAI KAI\ LEI=ON KAI\ DIAFANE/S. PUKNO\N ME/N, I(/NA W(S PRO\S A)NTI/TUPON H( O)/YIS FEROME/NH MH\ DI-EISDU/NH|, A)LL' A)NAKLA=TAI KAI\ FE/RETAI PRO\S TO\ O(RW/MENON: LEI=ON DE\ KAI\ O(MALO/N, I(/NA MH\ DIAXH=TAI TRAXE/OS O)/NTOS TOU= KATO/PTROU KAI\ DIAIRH=TAI, A)LL' I(/NA ME/NH| SUNEXH/S: DIAFANE\S DE/, I(/NA E)KEI=SE E)MFAI/NHTAI TO\ EI)/DWLON TOU= O(RATOU=. TOU=TO ME\N PRW=TON LH=MMA. DEU/TERON D' O(/TI E)N TOI=S MIKROTE/ROIS KATO/PTROIS OU) TO\ SXH=MA FAI/NETAI TOU= LAMPROU=, A)LLA\ TO\ XRW=MA MO/NON, E)PEIDH\ OU) XWREI=TAI E)N AU)TOI=S, W(/SPER E)PI\ R(ANI/DWN R(AINOME/NWN E)PI\ H(LI/W|: E)N TAU/TAIS GA\R OU)K E)MFAI/NETAI TO\ SXH=MA TOU= H(LI/OU, A)LLA\ MO/NON TO\ XRW=MA. TRI/TON, O(/TI TO\ O(RW/MENON LAMPRO/N E)STIN, O(/TAN FAI/NHTAI, A)MAURO/N, H)\ DIA\ TH\N PERIKEIME/NHN A)XLU\N H)\ DIA\ TH\N A)SQE/NEIAN TH=S O)/YEWS. KAI\ GA\R H( A)TONI/A TH=S O)/YEWS E)PI\ TO\ ME/LAN O(DEU/OUSA A)MAURO/TERON POIEI= FAI/NESQAI TO\ LAMPRO/N. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N EI)SI TA\ TRI/A LH/MMATA. LOIPO\N EI)/PWMEN PERI\ TH=S GENE/SEWS TH=S A(/LW, O(/PWS GI/NETAI KUKLOTERH/S, OU(/TWS: PRO\S GA\R TH\N TOU/TOU KATASKEUH\N EI)LH/FQWSAN DU/O TRI/GWNA O(/MOIA A)LLH/LOIS, TOUTE/STIN I)/SAS E)/XONTA TA\S PLEURA\S E(KATE/RAN E(KATE/RA| KAI\ TH\N BA/SIN TH=| BA/SEI, KAI\ E)/STW TA\ *A*B*G, *D*E*Z. LE/GW, O(/TI AI( A)PO\ TW=N KORUFW=N AU)TW=N A)GO/MENAI KA/QETOI E)PI\ TH\N BA/SIN I)/SAI E)/SONTAI KAI\ I)/SA TMH/MATA TH=S BA/SEWS A)POLH/- @3YONTAI. H)/XQWSAN GA\R KA/QETOI A)PO\ TW=N *A*B*G, *D*E*Z TRIGW/NWN E)PI\ TA\S *A*G, *D*Z BA/SEIS H( *B*H KAI\ *E*Q. LE/GW, O(/TI I)/SAI EI)SI\N AI( KA/QETOI KAI\ I)/SA TMH/MATA A)POLAMBA/NOUSI TA\ *H*G KAI\ *Q*Z. E)PEI\ GA\R I)/SH E)STI\N H( *A*B TH=| *D*E KAI\ H( *A*G TH=| *D*Z, DU/O DH\ AI( *A*B, *A*G DUSI\ TAI=S *D*E, *D*Z I)/SAI EI)SI/, KAI\ BA/SIS A)/RA H( *B*G BA/SEI TH=| *E*Z I)/SH E)STI/N. OU)KOU=N KAI\ TO\ *A*B*G TRI/-GWNON TW=| *D*E*Z TRIGW/NW| I)/SON E)STI/N: E)FARMO/SOUSIN A)/RA A)LLH/LOIS. OU)KOU=N @1 KAI\ GWNI/AI AI( U(PO\ *B*A*G, *E*D*Z I)/SAI EI)SI/N. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ H( *A*B TH=| *D*E I)/SH E)STI/N, A)LLA\ KAI\ GWNI/A H( U(PO\ *B*A*H TH=| U(PO\ *E*D*Q I)/SH E)STI/, KAI\ H( U(PO\ *A*H*B TH=| U(PO\ *D*Q*E I)/SH E)STI/N [1O)RQAI\ GA/R EI)SI: KA/QETOI GA\R AI( *B*H, *E*Q]1, KAI\ LOIPH\ A)/RA GWNI/A H( U(PO\ *H*B*A TH=| LOIPH=| GWNI/A| TH=| U(PO\ *Q*E*D I)/SH E)STI/, KAI\ AI( LOIPAI\ PLEURAI\ AI( *H*B, *H*A TAI=S LOIPAI=S PLEURAI=S TAI=S *Q*E, *Q*D I)/SAI EI)SI/, KAI\ TO\ *A*B*H TRI/GWNON TW=| *D*E*Q TRIGW/NW| I)/SON E)STI/. DE/DEIKTAI GA\R E)N TW=| QEWRH/MATI TOU= PRW/TOU BIBLI/OU TH=S *STOIXEIW/SEWS, O(/TI E)A\N DU/O TRI/GWNA TA\S DU/O GWNI/AS TAI=S DUSI\ GWNI/AIS I)/SAS E)/XH| E(KA/TERON E(KATE/ROU KAI\ MI/AN PLEURA\N MIA=| PLEURA=| I)/SHN E)/XEI, KAI\ TA\S LOIPA\S PLEURA\S TAI=S LOIPAI=S PLEURAI=S I)/SAS E(/CEI E(KATE/RAN E(KATE/RA| KAI\ TH\N LOIPH\N GWNI/AN TH=| LOIPH=| GWNI/A|: I)/SH A)/RA H( *H*B KA/QETOS TH=| *Q*E KAQE/TW|, KAI\ TA\ TH=S BA/-SEWS TMH/MATA TA\ *A*H, *D*Q I)/SA TA\ A)POLHFQE/NTA U(PO\ TW=N *B*H, *Q*E KA-@3QE/TWN. O(MOI/WS DE\ DEI/COMEN, O(/TI KAI\ TO\ *H*G TW=| *Q*Z I)/SON E)STI/N, O(/PER E)/DEI DEI=CAI. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS A)PODEIXQE/NTWN, O(/TI I)/SAI EI)SI\N AI( KA/QETOI AI( E)PI\ TA\S BA/SEIS A)GO/-MENAI, E)/LQWMEN E)PI\ TO\ PROKEI/MENON KAI\ DEI/CWMEN, PW=S KU/KLOS GI/NETAI H( A(/LWS. KAI\ E)NTAU=QA GA\R TRI/GWNA POLLA\ GI/NONTAI BA/SIN E)/XONTA TH\N AU)TH\N I)/SA A)LLH/LOIS O)/NTA, A)NISO/PLEURA ME/NTOI KATA\ TA\S TREI=S PLEU-RA/S, TOUTE/STI TH\N MEI/ZONA TH=| MEI/ZONI I)/SHN E)/XONTA KAI\ TH\N E)LA/TTONA TH=| E)LA/T-TONI. OU)KOU=N KAI\ AI( KA/QETOI PA=SAI TW=N TRIGW/NWN AI( A)PO\ TW=N A)MBLEIW=N GWNIW=N FERO/MENAI I)/SAI E)/SONTAI. E)/STW GA\R TO\ ME\N O)/MMA TO\ *O, H( DE\ SELH/NH TO\ *S. KAI\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)PI\ TH\N SELH/NHN FERO-ME/NOU, METACU\ DE\ TH=S SELH/NHS KAI\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)/STW NE/FH PLEI/ONA MIKRA\ DIA-FE/RONTA A)LLH/LWN QE/SEI, TA\ ME\N U(YHLO/TERA, TA\ DE\ TAPEINO/TERA KEI/MENA E)FECH=S A)LLH/LWN, KAI\ TO\ TOU/TWN SUNA/QROISMA E)/STW TO\ *G*Z. KAI\ E)K-PEMPE/SQWSAN A)KTI=NES PLEI=STAI A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)PI\ TA\ NE/FH, AI( *O*G, *O*Z, *O*D, *O*H. KAI\ A)NAKEKLA/SQWSAN W(S E)PI\ TH\N SELH/NHN KAI\ POIEI/TWSAN A)NA-KLA/SEIS TA\S *G*S, *Z*S, *H*S, *D*S. DH=LON, O(/TI AI( A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)PI\ TA\ NE/FH AI( @1 *O*G, *O*D, *O*Z, *O*H I)/SAI A)LLH/LAIS EI)SI/N, W(S DE/DEIKTAI TH=| PROTERAI/A|, E)PEIDH\ OU)K E)N TW=| AU)TW=| E)PIPE/DW| PI/PTOUSI: DIAFE/ROUSI GA\R A)LLH/LWN TA\ NE/FH TH=| QE/SEI, W(S EI)/RHTAI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU)K E)/STIN E)LA/TTWN H( KA/QETOS KAI\ AI( PRO\S TH=| KAQE/TW| TW=N PLAGI/WN. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ AI( A)PO\ TOU= NE/FOUS %2%2 A)NAKLW/MENAI I)/SAI A)LLH/LAIS E)/SONTAI. MEI/ZOUS D' AU(=TAI/ EI)SIN AI( A)PO\ TOU= NE/FOUS PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN TW=N A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)PI\ TA\ NE/FH. OU)KOU=N TRI/GWNA POLLA\ SUNI/STANTAI O(/MOIA A)LLH/LOIS, TOUTE/STIN I)/SAS E)/XONTA TA\S MEI/ZONAS PLEURA\S TAI=S MEI/ZOSI KAI\ TA\S E)LA/TTONAS TAI=S E)LA/TTOSI, BA/SIN E)/XONTA TH\N AU)TH\N TH\N *O*S, H(/TIS E)STI\N A)/CWN PA/NTWN TW=N KW/NWN, TO\ *O*G*S, *O*Z*S, *O*D*S, *O*H*S KAI\ A)/LLA TOIAU=TA PLEI/ONA A)NISO/PLEURA. OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ I)/SA A)LLH/LOIS EI)SI\ TA\ TRI/GWNA, PA=SAI AI( A)PO\ TW=N A)MBLEIW=N AU)TW=N KA/QETOI I)/SAI A)LLH/LAIS E)/SON-TAI. TOU=TO GA\R PROLABO/NTES E)DEI/CAMEN, O(/TI E)PI\ TW=N I)/SWN GWNIW=N AI( A)PO\ TW=N KORUFW=N E)PI\ TH\N BA/SIN E)RXO/MENAI KA/QETOI I)/SAI A)LLH/LAIS EI)SAGE/SQWSAN KAI\ PIPTE/TWSAN E)F' E(\N SHMEI=ON TH=S *O*S KAQE/TOU, E)PI\ TO\ E)K TW=N KU/KLW| GWNIW=N. E)PEI\ OU)=N I)/SAI A)LLH/LAIS EI)SI\N AI( KA/QETOI KU/KLW| FERO/MENAI A)PO\ TW=N TRIGW/NWN E)PI\ TO\ *E SHMEI=ON TH=S *O*S BA/SEWS, H(/TIS E)STI\ KA/QETOS A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)PI\ TH\N SELH/NHN DH=LON O(/TI KE/NTRW| ME\N TW=| *E DIASTH/MATI ݈DIA\ MIA=S O(POIASOU=N KAQE/TOU KU/KLOS GRAFH/SETAI O( *G*Z*D*H, PRO\S O(\N KU/KLON W(S A)PO\ TOU= KE/NTROU TOU= *E A)XQH/SONTAI AI( *E*G, *E*Z, *E*H, *E*D KA/QETOI: KU/-KLOS FANH/SETAI H( A(/LWS, O(/PER E)/DEI DEI=CAI. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N A)PODEIKTE/ON, O(/TI KU/KLOS H( A(/LWS PA/NTWS FANH/SETAI H)\ ME/ROS KU/KLOU PA/NTWS, OU)DE/POTE DE\ A)LLOI/W| SXH/MATI. 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OU)K A)/RA E)N- @1TO\S PESEI=TAI H( *B*D KA/QETOS, O(/PER E)/DEI DEI=CAI. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N E)DEI/CAMEN, O(/TI DUNATO\N KA/QETON E)KTO\S GWNI/AS PESEI=N, FE/RE DEI/CWMEN, O(/TI TW=N PROKEIME/NWN GWNIW=N E)NTO\S PI/PTOUSIN AI( KA/QETOI. E)PEIDH\ GA\R E)DEI/XQH, O(/TI H( A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)PI\ TH\N SELH/NHN E)PIZEUGNUME/NH KA/QETO/S E)STI BA/SIS PA/NTWN TW=N GEGENHME/NWN TRIGW/NWN E)K TW=N PEMPOME/NWN O)/YEWN A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS KAI\ TO\N H(/LION, AI( DE\ A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS ME/XRI TOU= NE/FOUS E)LA/T-TONE/S EI)SI TW=N A)PO\ TOU= NE/FOUS E)PI\ TO\N H(/LION E)KPEMPOME/NWN, SUMBAI/NEI SKALHNA\ GI/NESQAI TA\ TRI/GWNA A)NI/SOUS E)/XONTA TA\S PLEURA/S. OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ MEGI/STH ME/N E)STIN H( BA/SIS, E)LA/TTWN DE\ H( A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS, ME/SH DE\ H( A)PO\ TOU= NE/FOUS PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN, EU(REQH/SETAI A)MBLEI=A ME\N GWNI/A H( E)N TH=| A)NAKLA/SEI GINOME/NH, H(\N U(POTEI/NEI H( BA/SIS, O)CEI=A DE\ H( PRO\S TW=| O)/MMATI KAI\ TH=S SELH/NHS. OU)KOU=N H( A)PO\ TH=S A)MBLEI/AS GWNI/AS A)GOME/NH KA/QETOS E)NTO\S PESEI=TAI TOU= TRIGW/NOU. E)/STW GA\R TRI/GWNON SKALHNO\N TO\ *A*B*G, MEI/ZONA ME\N E)/XON TH\N *A*G, E)LA/TTONA DE\ TH\N *A*B. LE/GW, O(/TI E)A\N A)PO\ TH=S *B GWNI/AS A)XQH=| KA/QETOS, E)NTO\S PESEI=TAI TOU= TRIGW/NOU. EI) GA\R MH\ E)NTO/S,@3 PIPTE/TW E)KTO\S KAI\ E)/STW H( *B*E, KAI\ E)PEZEU/XQW H( *E*A. O)RQH\ A)/RA E)STI\N H( U(PO\ *B*E*A GWNI/A. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ H( U(PO\ *E*A*B MEI/ZWN O)RQH=S: A)MBLEI=A GA/R E)STIN: U(POTEI/NEI GA\R AU)TH\N H( MEI/ZWN PLEURA\ H( *E*B. TRIGW/NOU A)/RA TOU= *E*A*B DU/O GWNI/AI AI( U(PO\ *B*E*A, *E*A*B DU/O O)RQW=N MEI/ZONE/S EI)SIN, O(/PER A)/TOPON. OU)K A)/RA E)KTO\S PESEI=TAI H( *B*E KA/QETOS: E)NTO\S A)/RA PESEI=TAI, O(/PER E)/DEI DEI=CAI. @*PA/LIN A)/CIO/N E)STI ZHTH=SAI, PW=S KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN LE/GETAI EI)=NAI H( A(/LWS, KAI/TOI E)XRH=N KATA\ DIA/KLASIN AU)TH\N LE/GEIN GI/NESQAI, EI)/PER METACU\ FAI/NONTAI TA\ E)/NOPTRA, TOUTE/STI TA\ NE/FH, TOU= TE O)/MMATOS KAI\ TOU= LAMPROU=. R(HTE/ON, O(/TI OU)/K EI)SI METACU/. DEI= GA\R NOH=SAI TO\ O)/MMA KAI\ TO\ LAMPRO/N, TOUTE/STI TH\N SELH/NHN E)N E(NI\ E)PIPE/DW| O)/NTA [1KA/QETOS GA\R H)=N H( E)PIZEUGNU/OUSA AU)TA\ EU)QEI=A]1, E)N DE\ A)/LLW| E)PIPE/DW| EI)=NAI TA\ NE/FH PE/RIC TOU= LAMPROU=: TH\N DE\ O)/YIN E)KPEMPOME/NHN W(S PRO\S TA\ NE/FH A)NAKLA=SQAI W(S PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN. PA/LIN ZHTHTE/ON, TI/ DH/POTE KRI/KOS FAI/NETAI H( A(/LWS KAI\ MH\ TU/MPANON SUN-EXE/S. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI H( KATA\ KA/QETON E)KPEMPOME/NH A)KTI\S A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN E)NTO\S OU)=SA KAI\ DUNAMIKWTA/TH TW=N A)/LLWN PASW=N DI/EISI TO\ PA/QOS A)KLA/STWS. W(SAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ PLHSI/ON AU)TH=S E)KPEMPOME/NHS EU)-QEI=AI E)/RXONTAI A)/KLASTOI. KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN E)N TW=| ME/SW|, E)N W(=| DIE/RXONTAI AI( A)KTI=NES A)/KLASTOI, OU)X O(RA=TAI H( E)/MFASIS, A)LLA\ TO\ A)LHQE/S: AI( D' E)CW- @1TE/RW TH=S KAQE/TOU PEMPO/MENAI A)KTI=NES KAI\ DIAXEO/MENAI A)SQENE/STERAI GI/NON-TAI. KAI\ OU) DU/NANTAI DIECELQEI=N TO\ NE/FOS, A)LLA\ KLW=NTAI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO E)/MFASIS GI/NETAI KRIKOEIDH/S. A)LLA\ MH\N KA)KEI=NO ZHTHTE/ON: EI) GA\R E)N TW=| PERIGEI/W| TO/PW| GI/NETAI H( A(/LWS, O( DE\ PERI/GEIOS A)H\R OU) SUGKINEI=TAI TW=| PANTI/, PW=S O(RW=MEN TH\N A(/LW SUMFEROME/NHN TH=| SELH/NH|; O(/TI GA\R E)N TW=| PERIGEI/W| TO/PW| GI/NETAI, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ NHNEMWTE/RA E)STI\ TOU= A)POGEI/OU. A)PO/GEION DE\ NU=N KALW= OU) TO\N KURI/WS A)PO/GEION, A)LLA\ TO\N A)PO/GEION TOU= PERIGEI/OU. E)N TOU/TW| GA\R MA=LLON PNEU/MATA/ EI)SI KAI\ OU)K E)W=SI STH=NAI TA\ NE/FH: DE/ONTAI DE\ STA/SEWS PRO\S TO\ GENE/SQAI TH\N E)/MFASIN. TI/ OU)=N LE/GOMEN; O(/TI H( A(/LWS E)/MFASIS OU)=SA W(S PRO\S TH\N H(METE/RAN O)/YIN KRI/NETAI MH\ E)/XOUSA I)DI/AN U(PO/-STASIN. A)TENIZO/NTWN TOI/NUN H(MW=N GI/NETAI, MH\ A)TENIZO/NTWN DE\ FQEI/RETAI. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N E(/KASTOS H(MW=N A)TENI/ZWN POIEI= TH\N A(/LW, E)PA\N TU/XH| O( A)H\R E)PI-TH/DEIOS PRO\S TH\N TAU/THS GE/NESIN, E)N W(=| A)\N TO/PW| EI)/H H( SELH/NH PERI\ TO\N MESHMBRINO\N A)TENIZO/NTWN H(MW=N, GI/NETAI A(/LWS. EI)=TA PA/LIN KINOUME/NHS TH=S SELH/NHS KAI\ PA/LIN A)TENIZO/NTWN GI/NETAI, OU) TH=S PROTE/RAS MEINA/SHS, A)LL' E)KEI/NHS ME\N FQAREI/SHS A(/MA TW=| A)NAXWRH=SAI TO\ O)/MMA, A)/LLHS DE\ PA/LIN GINOME/NHS E)PI\ TW=| A)TENI/SAI TO\ DEU/TERON. TAU=TA A)RKEI= TH=| QEWRI/A|. {1<20*KAI\ GA\R TAU=TA PA/NTA GI/NETAI DIA\ TA\S AU)TA\S AI)TI/AS A)LLH/LOIS.>20}1 @*(/OLA GA\R TAU=TA DIA\ TH\N A)NA/KLASIN GI/NONTAI, W(S H)/DH MEMAQH/KAMEN. {1<20*PRW=TON DE\ DEI= LABEI=N TA\ PA/QH KAI\ TA\ SUMBAI/NONTA PERI\ E(/KASTON AU)TW=N.>20}1 @*PRI\N H)\ EI)SBA/LWMEN, FHSI/N, EI)S TO\N PERI\ TH=S AI)TI/AS AU)TW=N LO/GON, ZHTH/-SWMEN TA\ U(PA/RXONTA AU)TOI=S, W(/SPER KAI\ E)N TOI=S PERI\ XALA/ZHS E)POIH/SAMEN: KAI\ E)FECH=S E)KTI/QETAI PA/NTA TA\ PROEIRHME/NA. {1<20*)EN DE\ TAI=S QERINAI=S DEI/LHS MO/NON, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ PERI\ MESHMBRI/AN.>20}1 @*DEI/LHS E)KA/LESE TO\N E(WQINO\N KAI\ TO\N PERI\ E(SPE/RAN KAIRO/N, PARA\ TO\ E)NDEI=N TH\N A)LE/AN E)N TOU/TOIS TOI=S KAIROI=S. 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TI/ E)STIN <20E)C E)NANTI/AS;>20 E)PEIDH\ GA\R DU/O EI)SI\N I)/RIDES E)K TRIW=N ZWNW=N SUG-KEI/MENAI E(KA/STHS ZW/NHS A)/LLO KAI\ A)/LLO XRW=MA E)MFAINOU/SHS, TH=S ME\N FOI-NIKOU=N, TH=S DE\ PRA/SINON, TH=S DE\ A(LOURGO/N, E)PEIDH\ DE\ H( MIKROTE/RA I)=RIS E)NTO/S E)STI TH=S MEI/ZONOS, SUMBAI/NEI TH\N MEI/ZONA TH=S E)LA/TTONOS KAI\ TH\N E)LA/TTONA TH=S MEI/ZONOS FOINIKOU=N E)/XEIN XRW=MA DIA\ TO\ PARAKEI=SQAI A)LLH/LAIS, EI)=TA TA\S DEUTE/RAS E(KATE/RAS I)/RIDOS ZW/NAS TA\S META\ TA\S FOINIKI/AS PRA/SINON E)/XEIN XRW=MA. TOU=TO DE\ DIA\ TI/; E)PEIDH\ H( O)/YIS TO\ E)GGUTE/RW KEI/MENON LAMPRO\N O(RA=|, E)GGUTE/RW D' EI)SI\ TA\ NE/FH TH=S O)/YEWS, E)N OI(=S O(RA=TAI TO\ FOINIKOU=N XRW=MA, O(/SW| DE\ PORRWTE/RW EI)SI\ TA\ NE/FH, A)MAURO/TERA O(RA=|, E)/NQEN META\ TO\ FOINIKOU=N DIADE/XETAI TO\ PRA/SINON [1A)MAURO/TERON GA/R E)STI TOU=TO TOU= FOINIKOU= W(S A)NWTE/RW KEIME/NWN TW=N NEFW=N, E)N OI(=S O(RA=TAI, E)/NQEN E)LE/GOMEN E)N TW=| TRI/TW| LH/MMATI TO\ LAMPRO\N A)MAURO\N GI/NESQAI DIA\ A)TONI/AN O)/YEWS A)NAKLW-ME/NHS METACU\ FOINIKOU= KAI\ PRASI/NOU]1, E(KATE/RAS I)/RIDOS E)MFAI/NETAI CAN-QO\N XRW=MA E)K TH=S KRA/SEWS TOU= FOINIKOU= KAI\ TOU= PRASI/NOU. EI)=TA META\ TO\ PRA/SINON XRW=MA E(KATE/RAS I)/RIDOS O(RA=TAI TO\ A(LOURGO/N, EI)=TA A)MAURO/TERON O)\N XRW=MA DIA\ TO\ PORRWTE/RW EI)=NAI TA\ NE/FH TH=S O)/YEWS, E)N OI(=S FAI/NETAI. KAI\ O(/RA, PW=S E)C E)NANTI/AS EI)SI\N AI( ZW=NAI TW=N DU/O I)RI/DWN. 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O(/QEN E)PH/GAGE TO\ "3<20SXEDO\N>20 MO/NA TAU=TA OU) DU/NANTAI MIMH/SASQAI"3. {1<20*PARH/LIOI DE\ KAI\ R(A/BDOI GI/NONTAI E)K PLAGI/AS A)EI/.>20}1 @*PRI\N SUMPLHRW=SAI TA\ U(PA/RXONTA A(/LW| KAI\ I)/RIDI, E)PI\ TA\ U(PA/RXONTA PARHLI/OIS KAI\ R(A/BDOIS METH=LQE. KATE/LIPE DE\ TO\ EI)PEI=N, O(/TI E)N O(MALOI=S H)\ A)NWMA/LOIS GI/NETAI H( I)=RIS KAI\ A(/LWS NE/FESI KAI\ A)/LLA TINA/. LE/CEI DE\ KAI\ AU)TA\ U(/STERON. {1<20*PA/NTA GA\R TAU=TA A)NA/KLASI/S E)STI. DIAFE/ROUSI DE\ TOI=S TRO/POIS KAI\ A)F' W(=N, KAI\ OI(=S SUMBAI/NEI GI/NESQAI TH\N A)NA/-KLASIN.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ AU)TO\S *)ARISTOTE/LHS, W)= *)ALE/CANDRE, BOA=|, O(/TI TAU=TA PA/NTA KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN GI/NONTAI. PW=S OU)=N SU\ LE/GEIS, O(/TI TOU/TWN TA\ ME\N KATA\ A)NA/-KLASIN GI/NONTAI, TA\ DE\ KATA\ DIA/KLASIN; % KAI\ EI)S O(MW/NUMON A)NA/KLASIN, KAI\ PA/NTA ME\N LE/GONTAI A)NA/KLASIS TAU=TA KATA\ GE/NOS: DIAFE/ROUSI DE/, O(/TI TA\ ME\N A)NAKLA/SEI GI/NONTAI, TA\ DE\ DIAKLA/SEI. 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W)=PTAI GA\R MH\ KATA\ DIA/METRON OU)/SHS TH=S SELH/NHS TW=| H(LI/W| GINOME/NH H( I)=RIS A)PO\ TH=S SELH/NHS A)MFIKU/RTOU OU)/SHS. {1<20*(/OTI ME\N OU)=N H( O)/YIS A)NAKLA=TAI.>20}1 @*META\ TA\ U(PA/RXONTA ME/LLWN PERI\ GENE/SEWS AU)TW=N DIALE/GESQAI TRI/A LH/MMATA PROSLAMBA/NEI SUMBALLO/MENA PRO\S TH\N DEI=CIN. W(=N TO\ PRW=TO/N E)STI TOIOU=TON, O(/TI H( O)/YIS A)NAKLA=TAI A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ PUKNOU= KAI\ DIA-FANOU=S. TOU=TO DE\ SUNEBA/LETO H(MI=N EI)S TO\ A)PODEI=CAI, O(/TI FEROME/NH H( O)/YIS E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS A)NAKLA=TAI W(/SPER PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN. {1<20*KAI\ DIO/TI TW=N E)NO/PTRWN, E)N OI(=S ME\N KAI\ TA\ SXH/MATA E)MFAI/NETAI.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON LH=MMA TO\ LE/GON: E)N TOI=S SMIKROTE/ROIS E)NO/PTROIS TO\ XRW=MA TOU= LAMPROU= MO/NON FAI/NETAI, OU) TO\ SXH=MA. 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SUNEBA/LETO H(MI=N TOU=TO EI)S TO\ DEI=CAI, O(/TI DIA\ TH\N A)SQE/NEIAN TW=N E)PI\ PLAGI/OU PEMPOME/NWN A)KTI/NWN GI/NETAI H( A)NA/KLASIS. O(/QEN O( KU/KLOS OU) FAI/NETAI TU/MPANON, A)LLA\ KRI/KOS. KAI\ GA\R PRO\S TH=| KA-QE/TW| A)KTI=NES KAI\ AU(/TH DE\ H( KA/QETOS A)GOME/NH PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN A)KTI=NES I)SXURAI\ OU)=SAI FE/RONTAI PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN MH\ KLW/MENAI U(PO\ NE/FOUS. {1<20*DIO\ TA\ ME\N LE/GOMEN, TOI=S DE\ W(S U(PA/RXOUSI XRHSO/-MEQA AU)TOI=S.>20}1 @*TAU=TA, FHSI/N, EI)/RHNTAI E)N TOI=S *PERI\ AI)SQH/SEWS KAI\ AI)SQHTOU= LO/GOIS PLATU/TERON: EI)/RHTAI GA\R E)KEI=, PW=S A)SQENOU=SA H( O)/YIS A)MAURO\N O(RA=| TO\ LAMPRO/N. A)LLA\ NU=N TA\ MH\ EI)RHME/NA E)KEI=SE EI)/PWMEN, TOUTE/STI PW=S KATA\ E)/MFASIN O(RA=| TH\N I)=RIN KAI\ TH\N A(/LW H( O)/YIS KAI\ TA\ LOIPA/: TOI=S DE\ E)KEI= A)PODEDEIGME/NOIS NU=N XRHSO/MEQA W(S LH/MMASIN. OU)KOU=N EI)/PWMEN PRW=TON PERI\ TH=S A(/LW, TI/S TE H( GE/NESIS AU)TH=S KAI\ TI/S H( AI)TI/A TH=S GENE/SEWS. {1<20*GI/NETAI ME\N OU)=N A)NA/KLASIS TH=S O)/YEWS SUNISTAME/NOU TOU= A)E/ROS KAI\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS.>20}1 @*META\ TO\ EI)PEI=N TA\ LH/MMATA SUMBALLO/MENA AU)TW=| METE/RXETAI E)PI\ TH\N GE/NESIN TH=S A(/LW. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI SUNISTAME/NHS TH=S A)TMI/DOS, TOUTE/STI ME-TRI/AN E)XOU/SHS PAXU/THTA, KAI\ SUSTA/SEWS, W(/STE NE/FH A)MUDRA\ SUSTH=NAI, KAI\ TOU= A)E/ROS SUNISTAME/NOU, TOUTE/STI NHNEMI/AS OU)/SHS KAI\ MH\ KATAPNEOME/NOU TOU= A)E/ROS U(PO\ TW=N A)NE/MWN [1DEI= GA\R STA/SIN EI)=NAI DIA\ TO\ MH\ DIW/KESQAI TA\ NE/FH]1 GI/NETAI A)NA/KLASIS A)PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS E)PI\ TA\ NE/FH KAI\ A)PO\ TW=N NEFW=N E)PI\ TH\N SELH/NHN. KAI\ OU(/TW SUNEXW=S E)KPEMPOME/NWN TW=N A)KTI/NWN KAI\ A)NA-KLWME/NWN E)PI\ TH\N SELH/NHN GI/NETAI H( A(/LWS. KAI\ AU)TO\S ME\N TOU=TO LE/GEI NU=N MO/NON, H(MEI=S DE\ E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| PA/NTA E)DEI/CAMEN, KAI\ PW=S H( A)NA/KLASIS GI/NETAI KAI\ PW=S TO\ KUKLIKO\N SXH=MA A)POLAMBA/NEI: KAI\ PA/NTA TA\ SUM-BALLO/MENA PRO\S TO\ A)PODEI=CAI, O(/TI KATA\ A)NA/GKHN KUKLIKO\N GI/NETAI, PARADE-DW/KAMEN. E)REI= ME/NTOI KAI\ AU)TO\S E)FECH=S, A)LL' OU)X O(/SON TH\N A)KOH\N E)M-PLH=SAI. {1<20*)EA\N O(MALH\S KAI\ MIKROMERH\S SUNISTAME/NH TU/XH|.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ TO\ LOIPO\N U(PA/RXON TH=S A(/LW, O(/TI E)N O(MALOI=S SUNI/STATAI NE/FESI KAI\ O(MOIOMERE/SI MIKROI=S. KAI\ SU\ E)NTEU=QEN SKO/PHSON, O(/TI OU)K E)/STI SUNEXE/S, A)LLA\ MIKRA\ POLLA/. @1 䉁{1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ SHMEI=ON H( ME\N STA/SIS U(/DATO/S E)STIN.>20}1 @*)APODEI/KNUSIN O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI E)N TOI=S NE/FESIN H( A(/LWS GI/NETAI E)K TOU= TA\ O(/MOIA GI/NESQAI E)N TH=| A(/LW| KAI\ E)N TOI=S NE/FESI. 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A)PO\ ME\N A)E/ROS, W(/SPER GE/GONEN *)ANTIFE/RONTI TW=| *TARANTI/NW| OU(/TW: OU(=TOS GA\R A)SQENEI=S E)/XWN TA\S O)/YEIS E)K TOU= BADI/ZEIN AU)TO\N H( E)KPEMPOME/NH AU)TOU= O)/YIS YAU/OUSA TOU= A)E/ROS, W(S KATA\ A)NTITU/POU TINO\S FEROME/NH, DI' E)SXA/THN A)SQE/NEIAN A)NEKLA=TO PRO\S AU)TO/N. KAI\ E)DO/KEI EI)/DWLON O(RA=N AU)TW=| PROSE/XON DIA\ TO\ E)NOPTRI/ZE-SQAI AU)TO\N E)N TW=| A)E/RI KAI\ O(RA=N E(AUTO/N. A)PO\ DE\ A)XLU/OS, O(/TAN A)MELE/STERON A)PI/DWMEN EI)S TO\ LUXNIAI=ON FW=S: THNIKAU=TA GA\R A)/TONOS U(PA/RXOUSA H( O)/YIS FEROME/NH KATA\ TH=S LIGNU/OS TOU= LU/XNOU A)NAKLA=TAI W(S PRO\S TO\N LU/XNON: KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN I)RIOEIDH= XRW/MATA NOMI/ZOMEN EI)=NAI PERI\ TO\N LU/XNON. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ A)PO\ U(/DATOS A)NA/KLASIS GI/NETAI KAI\ OU) MO/NON DIA/KLASIS SUNEXOU=S TE O)/NTOS KAI\ EI)S R(ANI/DAS DIAIREQE/NTOS. O(RW=MEN GA\R POLLA/KIS TO\N H(/LION E)N U(/DATI SUNEXOU=S TE AU)TOU= O)/NTOS KAI\ DIH|RHME/NOU: A)LLA\ POU= ME\N TO\ XRW=MA MO/NON, POU= DE\ KAI\ TO\ XRW=MA KAI\ TO\ SXH=MA. GI/NETAI DE\ A)NA/KLASIS KAI\ A)PO\ TW=N KATO/PTRWN, W(S POLLA/KIS EI)/RHTAI. OU(=TOS O( A)NABRASMO\S TH=S A)NA-KLA/SEWS. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ SHMEI=ON H( ME\N SU/STASIS U(/DATOS, [TOU=T'] E)/STIN, AI( ME/NTOI DIASPA/SEIS, AU(=TAI ME\N EU)DIW=N, AI( DE\ DIASTA/SEIS PNEU/-MATOS.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ EI)=PEN A)NWTE/RW, O(/TI SUNISTAME/NOU TOU= A)E/ROS KAI\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS GI/NETAI H( A(/LWS, TOUTE/STIN NHNEMI/AS OU)/SHS, E)PH/GAGEN, O(/TI DIA\ TOU=TO TEKMH/-RION GI/NONTAI AI( ME/LANES A(/LWS U(ETOU=, AI( DE\ DIESPASME/NAI A)NE/MWN, AI( DE\ A)SQENEI=S EU)DI/AS, E)PEIDH\ E)PI\ TH=S A)TMI/DOS GI/NETAI H( A(/LWS, TOUTE/STIN E)N TOI=S NE/FESI. TOU/TWN DE\ TOI/WS H)\ TOI/WS SUNISTAME/NWN GI/NONTAI TAU=TA. @1 {1<20*(H GA\R DIAI/RESIS U(PO\ PNEU/MATOS GE/GONEN H)/DH ME\N O)/NTOS, OU)/PW DE\ PARO/NTOS.>20}1 @*)/ONTOS ME\N A)/NW, OU)/PW DE\ PAR' H(MI=N GEGONO/TOS, ME/LLONTOS DE\ O(/SON OU)/PW. {1<20*SHMEI=ON DE\ TOU/TOU, O(/TI E)NTEU=QEN GI/NETAI O( A)/NEMOS, O(/QEN A)\N GE/NHTAI DIA/STASIS.>20}1 @*(/ORA, TI/ SAFW=S LE/GEI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS AI)TI/AN EI)=NAI TOU= POU MH\ FAI/NE-SQAI TE/LEION TO\N KU/KLON TH=S A(/LW TH\N EI)S PNEU=MA DIA/SPASIN AU)TH=S E)KEI/NOU TOU= ME/ROUS, E)N W(=| H( E)/LLEIYIS TOU= KU/KLOU. EI) GA\R E)KEI=QEN GI/NETAI O( A)/NEMOS, O(/QEN H( E)/LLEIYIS, DH=LON O(/TI AU)TO\S AI)/TIO/S E)STI TH=S E)LLEI/YEWS, TOUTE/STIN H( DI' AU)TOU= DIA/SPASIS TOU= NE/FOUS. {1<20*EI) GA\R MH\ DIE/KEITO/ PWS OU(=TOS O( A)H/R, W(/STE KRATEI=N TOU= E)NAPOLAMBANOME/NOU QERMOU=, MHD' E)/RXETAI EI)S PU/KNWSIN U(DA-TW/DH, DH=LON W(S OU)/PW H( A)TMI\S A)NAKE/KRITAI TH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS.>20}1 @*EI) OU(/TWS, FHSI/N, E)STI\N O( A)H\R E)PITH/DEIOS, TOUTE/STIN H( A)TMI/S, W(/STE E)N-TO\S AU)TH=S EI)=NAI TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN DIA\ TH\N AU)TOU= PAXUME/REIAN, DHLONO/TI OU)K E)/RXETAI AU(/TH EI)S SU/STASIN U(DATW/DH, E)PEIDH\ E)NTO\S OU)=SA AU)TOU= H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS POLLAPLASIA/ZETAI KAI\ LEPTU/NEI AU)TH/N. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, DH=LON O(/TI OU) DIAKE/KRITAI AU)TH=S, A)LLA\ SU/NESTIN AU)TH=|. KAI\ A)NA/GKH KATA\ ME/ROS E)KDAPANA=N TH\N A)TMIDW/DH LEPTU/NOUSAN AU)TH/N. KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN EI)S EU)-DI/AN TELEUTA=| TO\ GINO/MENON. {1<20*)ANAKLA=TAI DE\ U(PO\ TH=S SUNISTAME/NHS A)XLU/OS PERI\ TO\N H(/LION H)\ TH\N SELH/NHN H( O)/YIS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN META\ TO\ A)PODEI=CAI, O(/TI H( A(/LWS E)N TOI=S NE/FESI GI/NETAI, ME/L-LWN PERI\ TH=S GENE/SEWS AU)TH=S LE/GEIN PRW=TON PERI\ TH=S AI)TI/AS, DI' H(\N A)PEI/-LHFE TO\ KUKLIKO\N SXH=MA, DIALE/GETAI. {1<20*)APO\ GA\R TOU= AU)TOU= SHMEI/OU PRO\S TO\ AU)TO\ SHMEI=ON AI( I)/SAI KLASQH/SONTAI E)PI\ KU/KLOU GRAMMH=S A)EI/.>20}1 @%2%2%2 *)IDOU\ PRO/TASIS TOU= QEWRH/MATOS, DI' OU(= A)PODEI/KNUSIN, O(/TI @1 KUKLOTERH\S GI/NETAI H( A(/LWS. H(MEI=S TO\ QEW/RHMA E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| PARADE-DW/KAMEN. {1<20*)ANAKLWME/NH OU)=N H( O)/YIS A)PO\ PA/NTWN FAI/NETAI TW=N LEI/WN.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN EI)S TO\N PERI\ I)/RIDOS ME/LLWN EI)SBA/LLEIN LO/GON PRW=TON A)NA-BRASMW=| TINI KE/XRHTAI PERI\ TH=S A)NAKLA/SEWS. {1<20*OI(=O/N TINI SUNE/BAINE/ TI PA/QOS H)RE/MA KAI\ OU)K O)CU\ BLE/-PONTI.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN PISTOU=TAI, TI/ A)PO\ TOU= A)E/ROS GI/NETAI A)NA/KLASIS E)P' A)SQENE-STA/THS O)/YEWS, O(/TAN OU(/TWS H)=| A)SQENH/S, W(S KAI\ TO\ TUXO\N SW=MA MH\ DU/NA-SQAI W)QEI=N, W(/SPER E)GI/NETO *)ANTIFE/RONTI TW=| *TARANTI/NW|. TOSOU=TON GA\R H)=N H( AU)TOU= O)/YIS A)SQENH/S, O(/TI OU)DE\ TO\ LEPTO/TATON SW=MA, TOU= A)E/ROS LE/GW DH/, H)DU/NATO W)QEI=N, A)LL' A)NEKLA=TO, W(S FAI/NESQAI TO\ EI)/DWLON AU)TOU= E)N TW=| A)E/RI. KAI\ E)NTAU=QA ME\N MO/NON TO\ GINO/MENON EI)=PEN, E)N DE\ TOI=S *)HQIKOI=S KAI\ TO\ O)/NOMA EI)=PE TOU= PA/SXONTOS. {1<20*KAI\ OU)K H)DU/NATO A)PWQEI=N W(/SPER OI( PO/RRW.>20}1 @*OU)K H)DU/NATO TH=| O)/YEI OU(=TOS *)ANTIFE/RWN A)PWQEI=N TO\N A)E/RA W(/SPER OI( PO/RRW O(RW=NTES A)PWQOU=SIN AU)TO/N. {1<20*DIO/PER AI(/ TE A)/KRAI A)NESPASME/NAI FAI/NONTAI E)N TH=| QALA/TTH|.>20}1 @*PARA/DEIGMA NU=N LE/GEI TH=S E)K TH=S A)XLU/OS GINOME/NHS A)NAKLA/SEWS OU)K A)KRIBE/S. SHMEI=ON GA/R, FHSI/N, O(/TI E)K TH=S A)XLU/OS GI/NETAI H( A)NA/KLASIS, O(/TI E(/WQEN TA\S A)/KRAS TW=N O)RE/WN, TOUTE/STI TA\ A)KRWTH/RIA MEI/ZONA O(RW=MEN KAI\ OI(=ON E)PINHXO/MENA TH=| QALA/TTH| A)NESPASME/NA TH=S R(I/ZHS [TE] AU)TW=N. KAI\ O(/TI TA\ A)/STRA PERI\ TO\N O(RI/ZONTA MEGA/LA O(RW/MENA, TAU=TA DIAKLA/SEW/S E)STIN, OU)K A)NAKLA/SEWS, W)= *)ARISTO/TELES. TA\ GA\R DI' U(GROU= MEI/ZONA FAINO/MENA E)KEI=NA KATA\ DIA/KLASIN O(RA=TAI. H)/ FAMEN, O(/TI E)/QOS AU)TW=| KATAFRONEI=N TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN. AU)TO\S GA/R POU/ FHSI: "3LHPTE/ON DE\ BE/LTION TOU\S O(/ROUS"3. OU)KOU=N MA=LLON PARA/DEIGMA LHPTE/ON TH=S GINOME/NHS E)K TH=S A)XLU/OS A)NA-KLA/SEWS TH\N PERI\ TOU\S LU/XNOUS FAINOME/NHN I)=RIN, W(S EI)/RHTAI. A)LL' @1 E)PEIDH\ LO/GOS H(MI=N GE/GONE PERI\ TW=N A)KRWTHRI/WN, ZHTHTE/ON, POI/W| LO/GW| FAI/-NONTAI W(S A)NESPASME/NA KAI\ E)PINHXO/MENA TH=| QALA/TTH| E(/WQEN. E)PEIDH\ GA\R A)XLU\S KE/XUTAI PERI\ TAU/THN [1E)/STI GA/R, H(/TIS E)STI\ DI/UGROS]1, MA=LLON DE\ PERI\ TA\S R(I/ZAS AU)TW=N H)/PER PERI\ TA\ A)/KRA FAINOME/NH, H( A)KTI\S A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS W(/SPER TIS EU)QEI=A E)PA/NW TOU= U(/DATOS TH=S QALA/SSHS PROSPI/PTEI TH=| A)XLU/I+ E)KEI/NH| TH=| U(DATW/DEI, H(/TIS E)STI\ PRO\S TH=| R(I/ZH| TOU= A)KRWTHRI/OU. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ KA)KEI/NH DI/UGRO/S E)STI, PARA/KEITAI DE\ KAI\ TO\ U(/DWR TH=S QALA/SSHS, LANQA/NEI H( O)/YIS DIA\ TH\N O(MOIO/THTA KAI\ OI)/ETAI KAI\ AU)TH\N TH\N A)XLU\N U(/DWR. E)PEIDH\ PRO\S TH=| R(I/ZH| TOU= O)/ROUS E)STI\N H( A)XLU/S, A)PATWME/NH NOMI/ZEI E)PA/NW TOU= U(/DATOS EI)=NAI TO\ O)/ROS. {1<20*)APO\ DE\ U(/DATOS MA/LISTA A)NAKLA=TAI KAI\ A)PO\ A)RXOME/NOU GI/NESQAI MA=LLO/N E)STIN H)\ A)E/ROS.>20}1 @*GI/NETAI DE\ KAI\ A)PO\ U(/DATOS H)\ ME/LLONTOS GI/NESQAI H)\ H)/DH GEGENHME/NOU, ME/LLONTOS GI/NESQAI, W(/SPER E)N TH=| I)/RIDI: E)KEI=SE GA\R H( A)TMI\S EI)S U(/DWR H)/R-CATO METABA/LLESQAI, OU)/PW DE\ TELEI/WS METEBLH/QH. O(/QEN E(/PETAI TH=| I)/RIDI O)/MBROS: KAI\ MA=LLON E)N TOU/TW| GI/NETAI H( A)NA/KLASIS H)/PER E)N TH=| A)XLU/I+, MA=LLON E)N TW=| H)/DH GENOME/NW| U(/DATI H)/PER E)N TW=| NU=N A)RCAME/NW|: MALAKW/-TERON GA/R E)STI TOU/TOU H)/DH GEGONO/TOS. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*(/OTI ME\N OU)=N A)NA/KLASIS H( I)=RIS TH=S O)/YEWS PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, FANERO/N.>20}1 @*(H PAROU=SA LE/CIS E(\C H(MI=N TINA PARADI/DWSI. PRW=TON ME\N TH\N AI)TI/AN, DI' H(\N A)/MFW KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN GINOME/NWN I)/RIDO/S TE KAI\ A(/LW H( ME\N A(/LWS LEUKO\N FAI/NETAI E)/XOUSA XRW=MA, H( DE\ I)=RIS POIKI/LON. TRI/XROUS GA\R FAI/NE-TAI KAI\ OU)DE/TERON TW=N XRWMA/TWN AU)TH=S TAU)TO/N E)STI TW=| TH=S A(/LW: E)KEI=NO ME\N GA/R E)STI LEUKO/TATON, TH=S DE\ TO\ ME\N FOINIKOU=N E)STI, TO\ DE\ PRA/SINON, TO\ DE\ A(LOURGO/N. DEU/TERON, DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON KATA\ DIA/-METRON TOU= H(LI/OU FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS, SPANI/WS DE\ PERI\ AU)TO\N TO\N H(/LION, KAI/TOI PARHLI/WN TE KAI\ R(A/BDWN TOI=S PLAGI/OIS TOU= H(LI/OU FAINOME/NWN. TRI/TON, O(/TI TA\ QRULLOU/MENA E)PI\ TH=S I)/RIDOS, TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N TO\ KATA\ DIA/METRON AU)TH\N GI/NESQAI TOU= LAMPROU=, KAI\ TO\ E)N KATAKEKERMATISME/NOIS E)NO/PTROIS GI/NESQAI AU)TH/N, KAI\ TO\ MHDE/POTE KU/KLON TE/LEION AU)TH\N FAI/NESQAI, A)LL' H(MIKU/KLION H)\ E)/LATTON H(MIKUKLI/OU, KAI\ TRI/XROON AU)TH\N EI)=NAI, [H)\] YEUDH=. FAI/NETAI GA\R I)/SWS MHDE\N TOU/TWN E)/XOUSA. TO\ TE/TARTON TRI/A LH/MMATA PARADI/DWSI SUM-BA/LLONTA PRO\S TH\N TH=S I)/RIDOS A)PO/DEICIN. PE/MPTON TH\N AI)TI/AN TW=N XRW- @1MA/TWN PARADI/DWSIN. E(/KTON TH\N TA/CIN TW=N XRWMA/TWN, DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN TH=S E)NTO\S I)/RIDOS H( MEI/ZWN ZW/NH KAI\ TH=S E)KTO\S H( E)LA/TTWN FOINIKOU=N E)/XOUSI XRW=MA, AI( DE\ PARAKEI/MENAI TAI=S FOINIKAI=S ZW/NAIS PRA/SINON E)/XOUSI XRW=MA E)F' E(KATE/RAS ZW/NHS, AI( D' E)KTO\S TOU= PRASI/NOU XRW/MATOS ZW=NAI A(LOURGO\N E)/XOUSI TO\ XRW=MA E)F' E(KATE/RAS ZW/NHS, W(/STE LAMBA/NESQAI TA\S DU/O I)/RIDAS U(PO\ A(LOURGOU= XRW/MATOS. TAU=TA H(MI=N TA\ E(\C PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. @*)ARCW/MEQA OU)=N A)PO\ TOU= PRW/TOU, TI/S H( AI)TI/A TOU= TH\N ME\N A(/LW LEUKH\N FAI/NESQAI, TH\N DE\ I)=RIN TO\ XRW=MA POIKI/LON E)/XOUSAN MH/TE O(/MWS O(/MOION TH=| A(/LW|. TOU/TOU PARADI/DWSI DU/O AI)TI/AS O( FILO/SOFOS: PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI H( A(/LWS A)PO\ LEUKOTA/TOU KAI\ LEPTOTE/ROU GI/NETAI NE/FOUS KAI\ H(=TTON U(GROU=, H( DE\ I)=RIS A)PO\ MELANTE/ROU KAI\ PAXE/OS KAI\ KAQU/GROU. TA\ DE\ KA/QUGRA MELA/NTERA FAI/-NONTAI DI/KHN TW=N E)N U(/DATI BEBREGME/NWN I(MATI/WN: KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO POIKILW/-TERON XRW=MA I)/SXEI H( I)=RIS, LEUKO\N DE\ H( A(/LWS. DEU/TERON DE/, O(/TI E)PI\ ME\N TH=S A(/LW E)/LATTON POIEI= DIA/STHMA H( O)/YIS PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN [1KATA\ KA/QETON GA\R E)KPE/MPETAI]1, KAI\ W(S E)/LATTON POIOU=SA DIA/STHMA %2%2%2 KAI\ GA\R H( O)/YIS W(=N A)MUDRW=S DIALAMBA/NETAI KATA\ A)SQE/NEIAN, MELA/NTERA DOKEI= EI)=NAI. I)DOU\ GOU=N TO\N OU)RANO\N KUANOU=N XRW=MA DOKOU=MEN E)/XEIN KAI\ TH\N QA/LASSAN POR-FUROU=N DIA\ TO\ E)PI\ PLE/ON E)KTEINOME/NHN [2TH\N O)/YIN]2 DIA/STHMA E)CASQENEI=N, KAI/TOI TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS BOULOME/NOU A)XRWMA/TISTA EI)=NAI TA\ OU)RA/NIA SW/MATA DIA\ TO\ ꈕEI)=NAI TAU=TA TH=S PE/MPTHS OU)SI/AS, PA=N DE\ XRW=MA E)K TW=N TESSA/RWN STOI-XEI/WN. OU)KOU=N, W(S E)/FHN, E)PEIDH\ E)/LATTON H( O)/YIS DIA/STHMA POIEI= E)PI\ TH=S A(/LW, OU)K E)CASQENEI= KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN LEUKO\N XRW=MA FAI/NETAI E)/XOUSA: E)PI\ DE\ TH=S I)/RIDOS, E)PEIDH\ E)PI\ PLE/ON E)KTEI/NETAI [1A)PO\ GA\R H(MW=N E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= NE/FOUS E)PI\ TO\N H(/LION KATA\ DIA/METRON O)/NTA TOU= NE/FOUS: MEI=ZON GA\R DIA/STHMA/ E)STI TO\ DIA/METRON TH=S KAQE/TOU]1, TOU/TOU XA/RIN E)CASQENOU=SA H( O)/YIS POIKI/LA XRW/MATA O(RA=| E)PI\ TO\ MELA/NTERON O(DEU/ONTA. TOU=TO ME\N TO\ PRW=TON. DEU/TERON H)=N, DI' H(\N AI)TI/AN PERI\ ME\N TO\N H(/LION OU) GI/NETAI I)=RIS H)\ SPANI/WS GI/NETAI, KATA\ DIA/METRON DE\ AU)TOU= W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON GI/NETAI. A)LL' I(/NA TOU=TO NOH/SWMEN, DEI= PRW=TON E)KEI=NO MH\ A)GNOEI=N, O(/TI H( A)NAQUMIW-ME/NH A)PO\ TW=N U(DA/TWN A)TMIDW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS METEWRIZOME/NH KAI\ PAXUNO-ME/NH E)N TW=| A)POGEI/W| TOU= PERIGEI/OU A)E/ROS METABA/LLETAI EI)S U(/DWR NEFOU-ME/NH KAI\ GI/NETAI U(ETO/S, W(S KAI\ E)N TOI=S PROLABOU=SIN EI)/RHTAI. A)LL' OU)K A)QRO/ON EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLETAI, A)LL' EI)S R(ANI/DAS, TOUTE/STI YEKA/DAS. EI)=TA TOU/TWN TW=N R(ANI/DWN SUNERXOME/NWN A)LLH/LAIS GI/NETAI U(/DWR KAI\ KATE/RXETAI U(ETO/S. H( OU)=N I)=RIS E)N TW=| METACU\ XRO/NW| TW=N YEKA/DWN KAI\ TOU= U(/DATOS E)/XEI TH\N GE/NESIN. TH=S GA\R O)/YEWS FEROME/NHS E)PI\ TA\S R(ANI/DAS E)KEI/NAS KAI\ W(S E)PI\ E)NO/PTROU E)PI\ TO\N H(/LION A)NAKLWME/NHS KATA\ DIA/METRON TOU= H(LI/OU XRW=MA @1 E)N TAI=S R(ANI/SIN O(RA=|. KAI\ AU(/TH H( E)/MFASIS TOU= XRW/MATOS TOU= H(LI/OU TOU= E)N TAI=S R(ANI/SIN E)STI\N H( I)=RIS. O(/QEN KAI\ U(ETO/MANTIS LE/GETAI PARA\ TOI=S POIH-TAI=S H( I)=RIS, DIA\ TO\ O(/SON OU)/PW TA\S R(ANI/DAS E)KEI/NAS SUNAGOME/NAS, E)N AI(=S E)M-FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS, POIEI=N TO\N U(ETO/N. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN EI) E)GGU\S EI)/H TOU= H(LI/OU TO\ NE/FOS E)KEI=NO, E)N W(=| EI)SIN AI( R(ANI/DES, H)/GOUN PERI\ AU)TO\N TO\N H(/LION, DIA\ TO\ TA\S A)KTI=NAS AU)TOU= SFODROTE/RAS FAI/NESQAI E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS, SUM-BAI/NEI MA=LLON AU)TO\ QERMAI/NESQAI DIA\ TH\N PARA/TRIYIN TW=N A)KTI/NWN H)/PER EI) H)=N PO/RRW. E)PEIDH\ DE\ MA=LLON QERMAI/NETAI H)\ TA/XION METABA/LLETAI EI)S U(/DWR TH=S SUMMEMIGME/NHS AU)TW=| KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS DIAFOROUME/NHS DIA\ TH\N A)LE/AN, DIAXEI=TAI KAI\ A)POMARAI/NETAI. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N BRAXU/TATO/S E)STIN E)PI\ TOU/TOU O( ME/SOS XRO/NOS KAI\ OU) POLU/S, TOU/TOU XA/RIN OU) GI/NETAI I)=RIS PERI\ TO\N H(/LION, KATA\ DIA/METRON DE\ GI/NETAI: E)PEIDH\ PLEI/WN E)STI\N O( ME/SOS XRO/NOS TH=S EI)S R(ANI/DAS METABOLH=S KAI\ TH=S EI)S U(/DWR, DU/NATAI SUSTH=NAI H( I)=RIS E)KEI=SE. TOU=TO KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON. TRI/TON H)=N DEI=CAI, O(/TI TA\ QRULLOU/MENA E)PI\ PA/SHS I)/RIDOS YEUDH= E)STIN. I)DOU\ GA\R H( I)=RIS H( PERI\ TOU\S LU/XNOUS FAINO-ME/NH E)N NOTI/W| KATASTH/MATI, E)N XEIMW=NI H)\ O(/TAN U(GROTE/ROUS E)/XWMEN TOU\S O)FQALMOU\S H)\ O(/TAN MH\ A)KRIBW=S A)TENI/SWMEN TW=| LU/XNW|: A)PO\ GA\R TOU/TWN PA/NTWN GI/NETAI I)=RIS PERI\ TOU\S LU/XNOUS. OU)/TE TRI/XROO/S E)STIN, A)LLA\ MONO/XROUS, KAI\ MONO/XROUS PANTELW=S A)LLO/TRION E)/XOUSA XRW=MA TH=S I)/RIDOS TH=S E)K TOU= H(LI/OU: OU)/TE GA\R FOINIKOU=N OU)/TE PRA/SINON OU)/TE A(LOURGO/N, A)LLA\ PORFUROU=N. OU)/TE MH\N KATA\ DIA/METRON GI/NETAI TOU= LAMPROU=, A)LLA\ PERI\ TO\ LAMPRO/N: PERI\ GA\R TO\N LU/XNON. OU)/TE MH\N H(MIKU/KLION FAI/NETAI H)\ E)/LATTON H(MIKUKLI/OU AU(/TH H( I)=RIS, A)LL' A)EI\ KU/KLOS: PERI\ GA\R TO\ FW=S. OU)/TE GA\R E)N KEKERMATI-SME/NOIS E)NO/PTROIS GI/NETAI H( TOIAU/TH I)=RIS, A)LL' E)N SUNEXEI= [1PERI\ GA\R TH\N PERI\ TO\N LU/XNON A)XLU/N, H(/TIS GI/NETAI E)K TH=S LIGNU/OS TOU= LU/XNOU.]1 E)/STI DE\ KAI\ E(TE/RA I)=RIS GINOME/NH KATA/ TI ME\N E)OIKUI=A TH=| PERI\ TOU\S LU/XNOUS, KATA/ TI DE\ TH=| PERI\ TA\ NE/FH. E)A\N GA\R W)=SI DU/O TINE/S, W(=N O( ME\N E)N TW=| E)SKIA-SME/NW| I(/STATAI, O( D' E)N TW=| KATALAMPOME/NW| U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU, O( D' E)STW\S E)N TW=| KATALAMPOME/NW| R(AI/NEI U(/DWR, W(/STE TA\S R(ANI/DAS A)/NW DE/CASQAI TO\ XRW=MA TOU= H(LI/OU, O( E)N TW=| E)SKIASME/NW| E(STW\S O(RA=| I)=RIN GENOME/NHN E)K TW=N R(ANI/DWN TH=S O)/YEWS A)NAKLWME/NHS U(P' AU)TOU= PRO\S TO\N H(/LION PORFUROU=N E)/XOUSAN XRW=MA. AU(/TH OU)=N H( I)=RIS KATA\ ME\N TO\ XRW=MA E)/OIKE TH=| PERI\ TO\N LU/XNON I)/RIDI, KATA\ DE\ TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI TE/LEION KU/KLON E)/OIKE TH=| E)N TOI=S NE/FESI GINOME/NH|. W(/STE OU) PA=SA I)=RIS E)PIDE/XETAI TA\ EI)RHME/NA PERI\ I)/RIDOS A)CIW/MATA. TE/TARTON H)=N TW=N PROTEQE/NTWN TRI/A LH/MMATA PARADOU=NAI SUMBALLO/MENA PRO\S TH\N TH=S I)/RIDOS A)PO/DEICIN. W(=N TO\ PRW=TON TOIOU=TO/N E)STI: TO\ POLU\ LAMPRO\N H)\ E)N ME/LANI O)LI/GW| H)\ DIA\ ME/LANOS O)LI/-GOU QEWROU/MENON FOINIKOU=N POIEI= XRW=MA. I)DOU\ OU)=N O( H(/LIOS A)NI/SXWN KAI\ DU/NWN KAI\ OI( LOIPOI\ A)STE/RES DI' O)LI/GOU ME/LANOS O(RW/MENOI [1DI' A)XLU/OS GA\R TOU= @1 PERIGEI/OU A)E/ROS]1 FOINIKOI= FAI/NONTAI. KAI\ KALW=S EI)=PON "DIA\ ME/LANOS A)E/ROS O(RW/MENOI" KAI\ OU)K "3E)N ME/LANI"3: OU)K E)N AU)TW=| GA/R EI)SI [1POLU\ GA\R AU)TOU= A)P-E/XOUSIN]1, A)LLA\ DI' AU)TOU= O(RW=NTAI. E)N ME/LANI DE\ QEWROUME/NH FLO\C FOINI-KOU=N FAI/NETAI XRW=MA E)/XOUSA, TOUTE/STIN E)N KAPNW=| PERI\ AU)TO\N O)/NTI [1META\ GA\R TOU= KAPNOU= E)STIN H( FLO/C]1: O(/QEN E)N ME/LANI EI)=PON O(RA=SQAI AU)TH/N. TOU=TO PRW=TON LH=MMA. DEU/TERON, O(/TI H( O)/YIS E)PI\ POLU\ PROI+OU=SA A)SQENH\S GI/NETAI KAI\ E)LA/TTWN E(AUTH=S KATA\ TH\N DU/NAMIN. O(/QEN TA\ PO/RRW KEI/MENA O(RA=TAI ME/LANA %2%2%2 DOKEI= EI)=NAI, KAI\ TA\ GWNIAI=A SW/MATA A)GW/NIA %2%2%2 EI)=NAI KAI\ TA\ MEGA/LA MIKRA\ DIA\ TO\ MH\ DU/NASQAI A)KRIBW=S A)NTILAMBA/NESQAI. OU) MO/NON DE\ TA\ PO/RRW KEI/MENA, A)LLA\ KAI\ TA\ E)GGU\S KEI/MENA, DIA\ MAKRA=S DE\ PERIO/DOU U(POPI/PTONTA AU)TH=|, W(/SPER E)PI\ TH=S A)NAKLA/SEWS. OU)DE\N GA\R A)/TOPON E)GGU\S ME\N EI)=NAI TO\ O(RATO\N E)K PLAGI/WN TH=S O)/YEWS, KEI=SQAI D' E)/NOPTRON MHKO/QEN TH=S O)/YEWS KAI\ E)KPE/MPESQAI E)KEI=SE TH\N O)/YIN KAI\ A)NA-KLA=SQAI PRO\S TO\ E)K PLAGI/WN O(RATO/N: OU)DE\N GA\R H(=TTON KAI\ OU(/TWS H( O)/YIS POLU\ DIA/STHMA PERA/SASA GE/GONE PERI\ TO\ O(RATO/N, EI) KAI\ KAT' EU)QUWRI/AN KEI/MENON MHKO/QEN E)/KEITO. KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ MELA/NTERON DOKEI= EI)=NAI. I)DOU\ GOU=N EI) KAT' EU)QUWRI/AN I)/DWMEN NE/FOS LEUKO/N, A)TENI/SANTES E)N U(/DATI MELA/N-TERON AU)TO\ O(RW=MEN DIA\ TO\ E)PI\ PLE/ON DIA/STHMA POREUOME/NHN TH\N O)/YIN A)SQENEI=N. TRI/TON LH=MMA, O(/TI E)PI\ TH=S E)KPOMPH=S TH=S O)/YEWS TO\ ME/LAN XRW=MA OI(=ON A)PO/FASI/S E)STI TH=S O)/YEWS: DIA\ GA\R TH\N A)SQE/NEIAN KAI\ DIA\ A)MUDRO/THTA GI/NETAI TH=S O)/YEWS. KALW=S D' EI)=PEN <20OI(=ON A)PO/FASIS,>20 E)PEIDH\ OU) PANTELH\S GE/-GONE STE/RHSIS O)/YEWS E)PI\ TW=N MHKO/QEN O(RWME/NWN: O(/QEN KAI\ XRW/MATA DIA/FORA O(RW=NTAI. EI) GA\R H)=N TELEI/A A)PO/FASIS, OU)K A)\N E)FAI/NETO TA\ DIA/FORA XRW/-MATA. PE/MPTON H)=N ZHTH=SAI TA\S AI)TI/AS TW=N XRWMA/TWN TH=S I)/RIDOS. E)PEIDH\ GA\R TA\ NE/FH, E)N OI(=S H( I)=RIS E)KFAI/NETAI, KATAKEKERMATISME/NA E)STI\N EI)S MI-KRA\S R(ANI/DAS KAI\ TA\ ME\N AU)TW=N PO/RRW KEI=NTAI TH=S O)/YEWS, TA\ D' E)GGUTE/RW, AI( E)K TOU= O)/MMATOS E)P' AU)TO\ E)KPEMPO/MENAI A)KTI=NES PLEI=STAI OU)=SAI AI( ME\N EI)S TA\ PLHSI/ON NE/FH PROSPI/PTOUSAI A)NAKLW=NTAI PRO\S TO\ O(RATO/N, TOUTE/STI TO\N H(/LION, AI( DE\ EI)S TA\ PORRWTE/RW, AI( DE\ E)/TI EI)S TA\ PORRWTE/RW. A)LL' AI( ME\N EI)S TA\ PLHSI/ON NE/FH PROSPI/PTOUSAI A)KTI=NES W(S A)\N DI' O)LI/GOU ME/LANOS O(RW=SAI AU)TO/N, TOUTE/STI A)XLUW/DOUS A)E/ROS, OU) PA/SXOUSI POLLH\N TH\N A)PA/-THN A(/TE DH\ MH\ PA/NU A)SQENH/SASAI KAI\ DI' O)LI/GHS A)XLU/OS AU)TO\N O(RW=SAI. O(/QEN FOINIKOU=N XRW=MA O(RW=SIN AU)TO\ TOU= H(LI/OU E)N TOI=S NE/FESIN E)KEI/NOIS, E)N OI(=S PROSPI/PTOUSI, DIA\ TO\ PRW=TON LH=MMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI E)A\N POLU\ LAMPRO\N DI' O)LI/GOU ME/LANOS O(RA=TAI, FOINIKOU=N O(RA=TAI, O(/PER FOINIKOU=N OU) PO/RRW E)KPE/-PTWKEN TOU= H(LIAKOU= XRW/MATOS: OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N AI( EI)S TA\ PLHSI/ON NE/FH PROSPI/-PTOUSAI POIOU=SI TO\ FOINIKOU=N XRW=MA. AI( DE\ EI)S TA\ PO/RRW NE/FH PROSPI/PTOUSAI 숦E)PEIDH\ KAI\ DIA\ PLEI/ONOS DIASTH/MATOS A)NAKLW=NTAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION KAI\ DIA\ @1 POLLOU= A)E/ROS A)XLUW/DOUS O(RW=SIN AU)TO/N, MELA/NTERON AU)TOU= TO\ XRW=MA O(RW=SIN E)N TOI=S NE/FESI DIA\ TO\ DEU/TERON LH=MMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI E)PI\ POLU\ PROI+OU=SA H( O)/YIS KAI\ A)SQENOU=SA MELA/NTERON DOKEI= EI)=NAI TO\ O(RW/MENON MH\ O)\N TOIOU=TON. E)NTEU=QEN GI/NETAI TO\ PRA/SINON XRW=MA MELA/NTERON U(PA/RXON H)\ KATA\ TO\ FOINI-KOU=N. AI( DE\ EI)S TA\ E)/TI PLEI/ONOS DIASTH/MATOS A)NAKLW=NTAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION H)/PER AI( LOIPAI\ KAI\ DIA\ POLLOU= A)XLUW/DOUS A)E/ROS, E)/TI MA=LLON ME/LANOS A)NTI-LAMBA/NONTAI TOU= H(LIAKOU= XRW/MATOS DIA\ TO\ TRI/TON LH=MMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI OI(=ON A)PO/FASI/S E)STIN O)/YEWS TO\ ME/LAN. AU(=TAI GA\R E)CASQENOU=SAI DIA\ TO\ DIA/-STHMA KAI\ DIA\ TO\N POLU\N A)XLUW/DH A)E/RA E)LA/XISTON AU)TOU= A)NTILAMBA/NONTAI, W(S EI) KAI\ META\ DUSMA\S AU)TOU= A)NTELAMBA/NONTO: E)/NQEN TO\ A(LOURGO\N TH=S I)/RIDOS FAI/NETAI XRW=MA. EI) DE\ KAI\ A)/LLA GI/NETAI XRW/MATA, A)LL' OU)=N A)NEP-AI/SQHTA/ EI)SI: TOU=TO KAI\ TO\ PE/MPTON KEFA/LAION. E(/KTON KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON H)=N ZHTH=SAI TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S TA/CEWS TW=N XRWMA/TWN, DIA\ TI/ TW=N DU/O I)RI/DWN AI( PROSEXEI=S TELEUTAI=AI MO/NAI FOINIKOU=N E)/XOUSI XRW=MA, TOUTE/STI TO\ PE/RAS TH=S MIA=S KAI\ H( A)RXH\ TH=S E)NTO/S, AI( DE\ PAR' E(KA/TERA AU)TW=N PRA/SINON E)/XOUSI XRW=MA, AI( DE\ KATA\ TA\ PE/RATA A(LOURGO/N. KAI\ O( ME\N FAINO/MENOS *)ARISTO-TE/LHS TH\N QE/SIN AI)TIA=TAI KAI\ TO\ ME/GEQOS: QE/SIN ME\N E)PI\ TH=S MEI/ZONOS I)/RI-DOS TH=S E)/CWQEN, ME/GEQOS DE\ E)PI\ TH=S E)LA/TTONOS TH=S E)/NDOQEN. A)LLA\ TE/WS E)PI\ TH=S E)/NDON EI)/PWMEN. FHSI\ GA/R, O(/TI E)PEIDH\ MEI/ZWN E)STI\N H( ZW/NH TH=S E)NTO\S I)/RIDOS H( PRW/TH, E)N DE\ TOI=S MEI/ZOSI MEGE/QESI PLEI/ONES PROSPI/PTOUSIN O)/YEIS, OU(= DE\ PLEI/ONES PROSPI/PTOUSIN O)/YEIS, OU) GI/NETAI A)PA/TH H)\ E)/LATTON GI/NETAI DIA\ TO\ A)KRIBE/STERON A)NTILAMBA/NESQAI TOU= O(RATOU=, TOU/TOU XA/RIN, E)PEIDH\ A)PO\ MEI/ZONOS PERIFEREI/AS, TOUTE/STI ZW/NHS, PLEI/ONES A)NAKLW=NTAI O)/YEIS PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, E)/LATTON A)PATW=NTAI. KAI\ SXEDO\N TOU= H(LI/OU XRW=MA O(RW=SI NENO-QEUME/NON TH=| A)XLU/I. DIO\ E)PI\ AU)TH=S TH=S PERIFEREI/AS FOINIKOU=N O(RA=TAI TW=| TH\N O)/YIN A)PO\ TOU= NE/FOUS DI' A)XLU/OS E)/RXESQAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, W(S EI) E)KEI= O)/NTOS TOU= O)/MMATOS, E)/NQA EI)SI\ TA\ NE/FH, DIA\ A)XLU/OS E)PE/MPONTO A)P' AU)TOU= AI( O)/YEIS PRO\S TO\N H(/LION. TO\ AU)TO\ DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ PA/SHS A)NAKLA/SEWS. OU)DE\N GA\R DIAFE/REI TO\ A)NAKLWME/NHN TH\N O)/YIN A)PO\ TOU= E)NO/PTROU FE/RESQAI PARA\ TO\ O(RATO/N, PLH\N O(/TI NU=N ME\N A)KRIBE/STERON AU)TOU= A)NTELAMBA/NETO, O(/TAN KAT' EU)QUWRI/AN, A)MUDRO/TERON D' E)PI\ TH=S A)NAKLA/SEWS. TOU=TO DE\ DIA\ TO\ E)PI\ POLU\ E)KPEMPOME/NHN TH\N O)/YIN A)TONEI=N. TOU=TO DE/, O(/TI MIKROU= O)/NTOS TOU= E)NO/PTROU POLLA/KIS O)LI/GAI PROSPI/PTOUSIN AU)TW=| O)/YEIS, AI(/TINES A)NAKLW/MENAI PRO\S TO\ O(RW/MENON MIKRO\N AU(=TAI OI)/ONTAI. DIA\ TAU/THN ME\N OU)=N TH\N AI)TI/AN H( MEGI/STH PERIFE/REIA E)PI\ TH=S E)NTO\S I)/RIDOS FOINIKOU=N E)MFAI/NEI TO\ XRW=MA. H( D' E)XO-ME/NH AU)TOU= E)PEIDH\ E)LA/TTWN E)STI/N, E)LA/TTONES AU)TH=| PROSPI/PTOUSIN O)/YEIS KAI\ E)LA/TTONES A)NAKLW=NTAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO PLE/ON A)PATW=NTAI KAI\ @1 OU)K A)KRIBW=S A)NTILAMBA/NONTAI TOU= H(LI/OU. E)/NQEN META\ TO\ FOINIKOU=N GI/NETAI XRW=MA TO\ PRA/SINON. E)PEIDH\ DE\ E)/TI E)LA/TTWN H( TRI/TH PERIFE/REIA, E)/TI O)LI/GAI EI)SI\N AI( A)P' AU)TH=S A)NAKLW/MENAI O)/YEIS PERI\ TO\N H(/LION, KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN PLE/ON A)PATW/MENAI W(S E)/TI MELA/NTERON OI)/ONTAI TO\N H(/LION KAI\ GI/NETAI TO\ A(LOURGO/N. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N E)PI\ TH=S E)NTO\S I)/RIDOS AI)TIA=TAI TO\ ME/GEQOS TH=S TW=N XRWMA/TWN TA/CEWS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, E)PI\ DE\ TH=S E)KTO\S TH\N QE/SIN TW=N NEFW=N. E)PEIDH\ GA\R TA\ NE/FH E)KEI=NA, E)N OI(=S E)MFAI/NETAI H( TO\ FOINIKOU=N E)/XOUSA XRW=MA PERIFE/REIA, PLHSI/ON E)STI\ TH=S O)/YEWS, MH\ A)POKA/MNOUSA H( O)/YIS TW=| POLLW=| DIASTH/MATI PROSPI/PTOUSA AU)TOI=S KAI\ A)NAKLWME/NH PRO\S TO\N H(/LION E)/LATTON A)PATA=TAI DIA\ TO\ SXEDO\N TO\ TOU= H(LI/OU XRW=MA O(RA=N, LE/GW DH\ TO\ FOINIKOU=N. TA\ D' A)/LLA NE/FH, E)N OI(=S EI)SIN AI( A)/LLAI PERIFE/REIAI, PO/RRW ME\N O)/NTA, E)PEIDH\ E)K DIASTH/MATOS O)/YIS A)NAKLA=TAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, E)CASQENEI= KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU)K A)KRIBW=S A)NTILAMBANOME/NH POU= ME\N POIEI= TO\ PRA/SINON XRW=MA, POU= DE\ TO\ A(LOURGO/N. TAU/TAS ME\N OU)=N TA\S AI)TI/AS TH=S TW=N XRW-MA/TWN TA/CEWS A)PODI/DWSIN O( FAINO/MENOS *)ARISTOTE/LHS. A)LL' O( DAIMO/NIOS E)/FHSEN % E(\C O)/NTWN TW=N EI)RHME/NWN AI)TIW=N E)PI\ TW=N DU/O GI/NESQAI I)RI/DWN: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S E)KTO\S DU/NATAI AI)TIA/SASQAI TO\ ME/GEQOS KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S E)NTO\S TH\N QE/SIN. TI/ DH/POTE TO\ ME\N TAU/TH| A)PE/NEIMAS, TO\ DE\ TAU/TH|; FE/RE OU)=N, W(S E)PE/STHSEN O( H(ME/TEROS PRO/GONOS, EI)/PWMEN TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S TA/CEWS TW=N XRWMA/TWN. E)PEIDH\ GA\R E)K TOU= O)/MMATOS PIPTOUSW=N A)KTI/NWN H( KATA\ KA/QETON FEROME/NH PRO\S TO\ O(RATO/N, H(/TIS KAI\ A)/CWN E)STI\ TW=N GINOME/NWN KW/-NWN, I)SXUROTE/RA E)STI\ TW=N MH\ KATA\ KA/QETON, A)LLA\ PLAGI/WN FEROME/NWN [1KAI\ TOU/TWN AI( PRO\S TH=| KAQE/TW| I)SXURO/TERAI/ EI)SI TW=N PO/RRW TH=S KAQE/TOU]1, SUMBAI/NEI TH\N ME\N KA/QETON W(S I)SXUROTA/THN OU)=SAN MH\ PA/SXEIN A)PA/THN H)\ SPANI/WS E)/XEIN, TA\S DE\ PRO\S TH=| KAQE/TW| PA/SXEIN ME\N A)PA/THN, O)LI/GHN DE/, TA\S DE\ PO/RRW POLLH\N PA/SXEIN A)PA/THN. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN E)PI\ TH=S I)/RIDOS FAI/NONTAI O)/YEIS POLLAI\ PARA\ TA\ NE/FH, W(=N H( ME/N E)STI KA/QETOS, AI( DE\ PARA\ TH\N KA/QETON PI/PTOUSIN, AI( DE\ PO/RRW TH=S KAQE/TOU. A)LL' H( ME\N KA/QETOS E)MPI/PTEI E)PI\ TO\ METACU\ TW=N DU/O I)RI/DWN, E)PI\ TO\ TW=N METACU\ DU/O FOINI-KW=N PERIFEREIW=N, E)/NQA OU)DE\N O(/LWS A)PATHLO\N FAI/NETAI XRW=MA: METACU\ DE\ TW=N DU/O I)RI/DWN E)STI/ TIS XW/RA XWRI\S XRW/MATOS A)PATHLOU=. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N I)SXURW=S A)NTILAMBA/NETAI KA/QETOS E)KEI/NOU TOU= TO/POU, E)N W(=| PI/PTEI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN OU)X O(RA=TAI E)KEI=SE XRW=MA A)PATHLO/N. TOU=TO GA\R E)LE/GOMEN KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S A(/LW, DIA\ TI/ KRI/KOS FAI/NETAI KAI\ OU)XI\ TU/MPANON: E)PEIDH\ H( KATA\ KA/-QETON FEROME/NH PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN O)/YIS I)SXURA\ OU)=SA OU)K A)PATA=TAI, A)LL' A)KRIBW=S A)NTILAMBA/NETAI, TOU=TO OU)=N KA)NTAU=QA SUMBAI/NEI, E)/NQA H( KA/QETOS PI/PTEI, MH\ GI/NESQAI XRW=MA E)PEI/SAKTON. AI( DE\ PARA\ TH\N KA/QETON PI/PTOU-SAI EU)QEI=AI, E)PEIDH\ OU)/TE OU(/TWS EI)SI\N I)SXURAI\ W(/SPER H( KA/QETOS OU)/TE OU(/TWS @1 A)SQENEI=S W(/SPER AI( PO/RRW TH=S KAQE/TOU, TOU/TOU XA/RIN POIOU=SI ME\N A)PA/THN, E)LAXI/STHN DE/. KAI\ SXEDO\N AU)TO\ TO\ XRW=MA TOU= H(LI/OU O(RW=SI NENOQEUME/NON DIA\ TH=S A)XLU/OS. O(/QEN META\ TO\N A)RGO\N XRW/MATOS E)KEI=NON TO/PON, E)/NQA H( KA/-QETOS E)PIGI/NETAI, AI( PERI\ AU)TO\N PERIFE/REIAI FOINIKOU=N E)/XOUSI TO\ XRW=MA: SXEDO\N GA\R TO\ FOINIKOU=N PLHSI/ON E)STI\ TOU= LAMPROU= KATA\ TH\N O(MOIO/THTA. AI( DE\ PO/RRW TH=S KAQE/TOU PI/PTOUSAI O)/YEIS E)PI\ TA\ PO/RRW NE/FH, E)PEIDH\ PLEI=ON DIA/STHMA A)NU/OUSAI A)NAKLW=NTAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION KAI\ A)SQENEI=S GI/NONTAI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN A)MUDRO/TERON A)NTILAMBANO/MENAI DIA\ TO\ DEU/TERON LH=MMA POIOU=SI TO\ PRA/SINON XRW=MA E)N E(KATE/RA| I)/RIDI META\ TO\ FOINIKOU=N. AI( D' E)/TI PO/RRW TH=S KAQE/TOU PI/PTOUSAI, E)PEIDH\ MA=LLON A)/TONOI/ EI)SIN W(S DIA\ POLLOU= DIASTH/MATOS A)NAKLW/MENAI, E)/TI A)MUDRW=S A)NTILAMBA/NONTAI TOU= LAMPROU= KAI\ POIOU=SI TO\ A(LOURGO\N MELA/NTERON O)\N TOU= PRASI/NOU, KEI/MENON DE\ AU)TOU= E)FECH=S E)N E(KATE/RA| I)/RIDI. TAU/THN ME\N TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S TA/CEWS TW=N XRWMA/TWN A)PODE/DWKEN O( ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS. FE/RE DE\ H(MEI=S OI(=ON TROFEI=A A)PONE/MONTES *)ARISTOTE/LEI DEI/CWMEN AU)TO\N TAU)TA\ LE/GONTA KAI\ OU) KATA\ TO\ FAINO/MENON. FHSI\ GA\R AU)TO\S E)N TH=| LE/CEI: <20H( ME\N OU)=N PRW/TH TW=N E)/CW FOINIKEI/AN E)/XEI: A)PO\ GA\R MEGI/STHS PERIFEREI/AS PLEI/STH O)/YIS PROSPI/PTEI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION.>20 TO\ DE\ <20PLEI/STH>20 A)KOUSTE/ON OU) KATA\ TO\ POSO\N TW=N A)KTI/NWN, W(/SPER E)LE/GOMEN PRO/TERON, O(/TI POLLAI\ O)/YEIS A)PO\ TH=S MEI/ZONOS PERIFEREI/AS A)NA-KLW/MENAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION A)KRIBE/STERON A)NTILAMBA/NONTAI, A)LLA\ KATA\ TH\N DU/-NAMIN PLEI/STH, TOUTE/STIN I)SXURA/. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N PO/RRW EI)SI\ TH=S KAQE/TOU AI( PRO\S TH\N MEI/ZONA PERIFE/REIAN PROSPI/PTOUSAI O)/YEIS, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO W(S I)SXURO/TERAI OU)=SAI TW=N A)/LLWN E)/LATTON A)PATW=NTAI KAI\ POIOU=SI TO\ FOINIKOU=N XRW=MA. EI)RHKW\S GA\R PLEI/STHN EI)=NAI TH\N O)/YIN TH\N E)KEI=QEN A)NAKLWME/NHN TOUTE/STIN I)SXURA/N, E)SIW/PHSE TH\N AI)TI/AN, DI' H(/N E)STI I)SXURA/, O(/TI DIA\ TO\ PLHSI/ON AU)TH\N EI)=NAI TH=S KAQE/TOU. KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN E)NOMI/SQH TW=| MEGE/QEI TH=S PERIFEREI/AS KAI\ TW=| PLH/QEI TW=N O)/YEWN KAI\ TH=| QE/SEI TW=N NEFW=N A)PODI-DO/NAI TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S TA/CEWS TW=N XRWMA/TWN. 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DIA\ DE\ TOU= EI)PEI=N <20PO/RRWQEN H)\ E)GGU/QEN>20 TH\N DEUTE/RAN AI)TI/AN EI)=PEN, O(/TI POU= ME\N KATA\ KA/QETON, POU= DE\ KATA\ DIA/METRON A)NAKLWME/NH H( O)/YIS DIA/FORA POIEI= XRW/MATA, POU= ME\N LEUKO/N, POU= DE\ ME/LAN. {1<20*FAI/NETAI DE\ TO\ LAMPRO\N DIA\ TOU= ME/LANOS ME\N FOINIKOU=N.>20}1 @*META\ TO\ PRW=TON PRO/BLHMA DE/ON EI)PEI=N TO\ DEU/TERON, O( DE\ OU) TOU=TO POIEI=, A)LLA\ TO\ PRW=TON LH=MMA LE/GEI TRIW=N LHMMA/TWN, O(/TI TO\ LAMPRO\N H)\ DIA\ ME/LANOS H)\ E)N ME/LANI QEWROU/MENON FOINIKOU=N O(RA=TAI. KAI\ TOU/TWN PARA-DEI/GMATA LE/GEI TOU= ME\N E)N TW=| ME/LANI FAINOME/NOU LAMPROU= TH\N FLO/GA TH\N E)N KAPNW=|, TOU= DE\ DIA\ ME/LANOS TO\N H(/LION A)NI/SXONTA. EI)=TA FE/REI PARA/-DEIGMA KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= XRW/MATOS TH=S I)/RIDOS TOU= FOINIKOU=, O(/TI KAI\ E)NTAU=QA DI' O)LI/GHS A)XLU/OS O(RW/MENOS H(/LIOS FOINIKOU=S FAI/NETAI, E)PI\ DE\ TH=S A(/LW DIA\ LEPTO-TA/THS A)XLU/OS DI/EISIN H( O)/YIS PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN. KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU) GI/NETAI E)KEI= XRW=MA BAQU/, A)LLA\ LEUKO/N. {1<20*)/ETI DE\ PERI\ AU)TO\N ME\N TO\N H(/LION OU) GI/NETAI DIATRIBH\ TOIAU/TH SUSTA/SEWS, A)LL' H)\ U(/EI H)\ DIALU/ETAI.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON ZH/THMA, TI/ DH/POTE I)=RIS OU) GI/NETAI PERI\ TO\N H(/LION, A)LLA\ KATA\ DIA/METRON. KAI\ E)/LUSEN EI)PW/N, O(/TI PERI\ TO\N H(/LION O)/NTOS NE/FOUS OU) GI/NETAI POLU\S XRO/NOS METACU\ TW=N R(ANI/DWN KAI\ TOU= U(ETOU=, A)LLA\ TAXU\ EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLETAI TO\ NE/FOS H)\ DIALU/ETAI, H( DE\ I)=RIS DEI=TAI PARATA/SEWS TOU= ME/SOU XRO/NOU. {1<20*)EFAI/NETO D' A)\N H( I)=RIS O(/LH W(/SPER H( PERI\ TOU\S LU/XNOUS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN DEI/KNUSIN, O(/TI TA\ LEGO/MENA E)PI\ I)/RIDOS OU)K E)PI\ PA/SHS I)/RIDOS LE/GETAI, A)LLA\ MO/NHS TH=S KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN GINOME/NHS A)PO\ TW=N NEFW=N PRO\S TO\N H(/LION. {1<20*(H DE\ A)PO\ TW=N KWPW=N A)NAFEROME/NWN E)K TH=S QALA/SSHS I)=RIS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN E(TE/RAN I)=RIN PARADI/DWSIN, H(/TIS METACU/ E)STI TH=S LUXNIAI/AS @1 I)/RIDOS KAI\ TH=S E)N TOI=S NE/FESIN. AU(=TAI ME\N GA\R KATA\ PA=N EI)SIN A)NO/MOIAI: AI( DE\ NU=N LEGO/MENAI, TOUTE/STIN H( A)PO\ TW=N KWPW=N GINOME/NH E)N TH=| QALA/TTH| KAI\ A)PO\ TW=N R(ANI/DWN TW=N PRO\S TO\N H(/LION R(AINOME/NWN, KOINAI/ EI)SI TW=N DU/O I)RI/DWN W(S A)/MFW KATA/ TI METE/XOUSAI. {1<20*DEI= GA\R NOH/SANTAS, W(/SPER EI)/RHTAI, PRW=TON KAI\ U(POQE-ME/NOUS, O(/TI LAMPRO\N E)N TW=| ME/LANI H)\ DIA\ TOU= ME/LANOS XRW=MA POIEI= FOINIKOU=N.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TA\ TRI/A LH/MMATA PARADI/DWSIN. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TOU= PRW/TOU E)MNH/SQH A)NWTE/RW, PA/LIN E)PANALAMBA/NEI AU)TO/, I(/NA SUNEXH= POIH/SHTAI TH\N PERI\ AU)TW=N DIDASKALI/AN. TOU/TOU XA/RIN EI)=PEN <20W(/SPER EI)/RHTAI>20 KAI\ TO\ <20U(POQEME/NOUS>20 A)NTI\ TOU= "3LH/MMATA LABO/NTAS"3. U(POQE/SEIS GA/R EI)SI TA\ LH/MMATA. {1<20*DEU/TERON DE/, O(/TI H( O)/YIS A)POTEINOME/NH A)SQENESTE/RA GI/NETAI KAI\ E)LA/TTWN.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON LH=MMA TOU=T' E)/STIN: A)LLA\ ZHTHTE/ON, PW=S H( O)/YIS A)PO-TEINOME/NH E)LA/TTWN GI/NETAI: MEI/ZW GA\R MA=LLON E)/DEI LE/GEIN. H)\ E)LA/TTONA LE/GEI AU)TH\N GI/NESQAI KATA\ TH\N DU/NAMIN, TOUTE/STIN A)/TONON. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI KAI\ PLEI/ONA O(/TAN AU)TH\N LE/GH|, DUNA/MEI AU)TH\N LE/GEI PLEI/ONA, OU) MEGE/QEI. OU)KOU=N SUMFWNEI= H( TOU= MEGA/LOU FILOSO/FOU E)CH/GHSIS PRO\S TH\N E)/NNOIAN TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS E)PI\ TH=S TA/CEWS TW=N XRWMA/TWN TH=S I)/RIDOS. PLEI/STHN GA\R EI)=PEN O)/YIN A)NAKLA=SQAI O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS A)PO\ TH=S MEI/ZONOS PERIFEREI/AS OU) TW=| POSW=|, A)LLA\ TH=| DUNA/MEI, W(S EI)/RHTAI. {1<20*QEWREI/SQW ME\N OU)=N TAU=TA E)K TOU= PERI\ TA\S AI)SQH/SEIS.>20}1 @*)EN TH=| *PERI\ AI)SQH/SEWS KAI\ AI)SQHTOU= PRAGMATEI/A| TA\ SUMBAI/NONTA TH=| O)/YEI. E)KEI= OU)=N H(MA=S A)POPE/MPEI. {1<20*DIAFE/REI OU)DE\N TO\ O(RW/MENON METABA/LLEIN H)\ TH\N O)/YIN: A)MFOTE/RWS GA\R E)/STAI TAU)TO/N.>20}1 @*NU=N TA\ DU/O FHSI\ LH/MMATA, O(/TI TA\ PO/RRW FAINO/MENA MELA/NTERA FAI/-NONTAI % KAI\ KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN O(RW=MEN, E)PA\N AU)TO\ ME\N E)GGU\S H)=|, TO\ D' E)/NOPTRON MAKRO/N. OU)DE\N GA\R DIAFE/REI TO\ O(RW/MENON PO/RRWQEN O)\N TH=S O)/YEWS META-BA/LLEIN A)PO\ TOU= OI)KEI/OU MEGE/QOUS KAI\ MIKRO\N O(RA=SQAI TW=| TH\N O)/YIN DIA\ @1 TH\N POLLH\N POREI/AN E)CASQENEI=N KAI\ H(=TTON A)NTILAMBA/NESQAI TOU= O(RATOU= KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO MIKRO\N AU)TO\ O(RA=N. W(=N TO\ ME\N GI/NETAI E)PI\ TOU= KAT' EU)QUWRI/AN KEIME/NOU MHKO/QEN [O(RA=N], TOU=TO D' E)PI\ TOU= KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN O(RW=MEN. {1<20*SUMBAI/NEI GA/R, O(/TAN H)=| TOU= H(LI/OU NE/FOS PLHSI/ON.>20}1 @*)/ETI KATASKEUA/ZEI, O(/TI E)PI\ TO\ PLE/ON PROI+OU=SA H( O)/YIS KAI\ A)TONOU=SA MELA/NTERON O(RA=| TO\ AI)SQHTO/N. EI) GA\R H)=| U(PO\ TO\N H(/LION NE/FOS LEPTO\N KAI\ LEUKO/N, DIA\ TO\ DIAPEFORH=SQAI U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU EI) ME\N A)/NTIKRUS AU)TO\ QEASO/-MEQA, LEUKO\N AU)TO\ O(RW=MEN, EI) DE\ DI' U(/DATOS, MELA/NTERON, E)PEIDH\ PLEI/W BADI/ZEI H( O)/YIS KAI\ W(S DIA\ PLEI/ONOS PERIO/DOU FEROME/NH E)CASQENEI=. 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KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO TRI/XROUS H( I)=RIS: OU)DE\N DE\ E)N AU)TH=| A)/LLO AI)SQHTO\N FAI/NETAI A)/RA, EI) MH/POU A)NEPAI/SQHTO/N E)STI. BOU/LETAI GA\R O( *PTOLEMAI=OS E(PTA\ XRW/MATA EI)=NAI TH=S I)/RIDOS. A)LL' O(/SON E)PI\ TOU/TW|, *)ARISTO/TELES, EI) PA/NTA E)/XEI PRW=TA, ME/SA, E)/SXATA, OU)K E)/STIN A)/MESON E)NANTI/ON, W(S SU\ FH/|S: KALW=S GA\R E)/FH *PLA/TWN PA/NTA E)/MMESA EI)=NAI. E)PI\ GA\R A)RTI/OU KAI\ PERISSOU= O( ME/SOS PERISSA/RTIOS, KAI\ METACU\ NO/SOU KAI\ U(GEI/AS H( OU)DETE/RA KATA/STASIS, I(/NA MH\ A)QRO/A METABOLH\ U(PA/RXH| E)N TW=| PANTI/. @1 {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ I)=RIS TRI/XROOS FAI/NETAI, E(KATE/RA ME/N, E)NAN-TI/WS DE/.>20}1 @*(EKATE/RA ME\N I)=RIS TRI/XROOS EI)=NAI DIA\ TO\ PA/NTA TRITTA\ EI)=NAI, A)LL' E)N-ANTI/WS, TOUTE/STIN H( ME\N MEI/ZWN I)=RIS E)LAXI/STHN PERIFE/REIAN E)/XEI FOINIKEI/AN, H( DE\ E)LA/SSWN TH\N MEGI/STHN. E)PI\ DE\ TOU= A(LOURGOU= TO\ A)NA/PALIN: H( ME\N MEI/ZWN TH\N MEGI/STHN, H( D' E)LA/SSWN TH\N E)LA/SSONA. E)PI\ DE\ TOU= PRASI/NOU A)/MFW ME/N E)STIN H( TOIAU/TH PERIFE/REIA. {1<20*(H ME\N OU)=N PRW/TH TH\N E)/CW FOINIKEI/AN E)/XEI: A)PO\ ME-GI/STHS GA\R PERIFEREI/AS PLEI/STH PROSPI/PTEI O)/YIS PRO\S TO\N H(/LION.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( AI)TI/A TH=S TA/CEWS TW=N XRWMA/TWN, KAI\ DH\ W(S EI)/RHTAI E)N TH=| QEWRI/A|, TO\ <20PLEI/STHN>20 W(S PRO\S TH\N DU/NAMIN DEI= LABEI=N, OU) PRO\S TO\ PLH=QOS TH=S O)/YEWS. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*TO\ DE\ CANQO\N FAI/NETAI DIA\ TO\ PARA/LLHLA FAI/NESQAI.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ TH=| PROTERAI/A| DEI/CAS H)=N O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N AI)TI/AN, DI' H(\N TRI/-XROUS H( I)=RIS, DIA\ TO\ KAI\ E)N TOI=S KATA\ E)/MFASIN GINOME/NOIS EI)=NAI KAI\ PRW=TA KAI\ ME/SA KAI\ E)/SXATA, W(/SPER E)N PA=SI TOI=S KAQ' U(PO/STASIN, O(RW=MEN DE\ KAI\ E(/TERON XRW=MA E)N TH=| I)/RIDI PARA\ TRI/A TA\ EI)RHME/NA, LE/GW DH\ FOINIKOU=N, PRA/SINON, A(LOURGO/N [1GI/NETAI GA\R E)N AU)TH=| KAI\ CANQO\N XRW=MA]1, A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORH=SAI, PW=S TRI/XROUN LE/GEI EI)=NAI TH\N I)=RIN KAI\ TOU= CANQOU= XRW/MATOS KAT' AU)TH\N E)MFAINOME/NOU. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI TRI/A XRW/MATA LE/GEI EI)=NAI TH=S I)/RIDOS O( FILO/SOFOS KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN GINO/MENA, TO\ FOINIKOU=N LE/GW KAI\ TO\ PRA/SINON KAI\ TO\ A(LOURGO/N. TO\ GA\R CANQO\N OU) GI/NETAI KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN, A)LLA\ MA=LLON KATA\ KRA=SIN TOU= FOINIKOU= KAI\ TOU= PRASI/NOU XRW/MATOS: KIR-NWME/NOU GA\R TOU= FOINIKOU= KAI\ TOU= PRASI/NOU GI/NETAI TO\ CANQO\N XRW=MA. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE/S E)STI, KAI\ O(/TI DUNATO\N A)PO\ KRA/SEW/S TINWN XRWMA/TWN E(/TERON GI/NESQAI XRW=MA, DEI/KNUSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS DIA\ E(\C E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN. W(=N TO\ PRW=TON TOU=TON E)/XEI TO\N TRO/PON: E)A\N H(=TTON ME/LAN PARA\ MELA/NTERON PARABLHQH=|, DO/CEI LEUKO\N EI)=NAI TO\ H(=TTON ME/LAN DIA\ TO\ TA\ O(/MOIA E)N TOI=S O(MOI/OIS LANQA/NEIN. I)DOU\ GOU=N H(=TTON R(UPARA\ I(MA/TIA PARA\ TA\ MA=LLON R(UPARA\ PARABALLO/MENA KAQARA\ EI)=NAI DOKEI=. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN, E)PA\N MELA/N- @1TERON H)=| TO\ NE/FOS, E)N W(=| E)STIN H( I)=RIS, SUMBAI/NEI TO\ FOINIKOU=N PRO\S TO\ ME/LAN PARABALLO/MENON %2%2%2 PRO\S TO\ ME/LAN NE/FOS PARABALLO/MENON CANQO\N FAI/NESQAI, E)PEIDH\ U(/FESIN E)/XEI TO\ PRA/SINON PRO\S TO\ ME/LAN: H(=TTON GA/R E)STI ME/LAN. OU)KOU=N EI) PRO\S TO\ PA/NU ME/LAN LEUKO\N FAI/NETAI TO\ FOINIKOU=N, PRO\S TO\ H(=TTON ME/LAN, TOUTE/STI TO\ PRA/SINON, CANQO\N FANH/SETAI. TOU=TO PRW=TON. DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O(/TI GA\R A)LHQE/S E)STI KAI\ TO\ CANQO\N KATA\ KRA=SIN GI/NE-SQAI TOU= FOINIKOU= KAI\ TOU= PRASI/NOU, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ LEPTUNOME/NOU TOU= NE/FOUS, E)N W(=| E)STIN H( I)=RIS, KAI\ A)POMARAINOME/NOU LEUKO\N GI/NETAI FOINIKOU=N E)/TI XRW=MA. A)LLA\ TOU=TO TO\ LEUKO\N W(S PRO\S TO\ PRA/SINON PARABALLO/MENON POIEI= CANQO\N XRW=MA, W(/ST' E)K PRASI/NOU KAI\ CANQOU= KAI\ A(LOURGOU= MO/NON E)NI/STASQAI XRW-MA/TWN TH\N I)=RIN, MH\ E)MFAI/NESQAI DE\ TO\ FOINIKOU=N. TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O(/TI GA\R TO\ H(=TTON ME/LAN PRO\S TO\ MELA/NTATON PARABALLO/MENON LEUKO\N FAI/NETAI, DH=LON E)K TH=S GINOME/NHS I)/RIDOS A)PO\ TH=S SELH/NHS [1E)PEIDH\ GA\R AU(/TH H(=TTO/N E)STI QERMOPOIO\S H)\ KATA\ TO\N H(/LION, SUMBAI/NEI MH\ DIALU/EIN AU)TH\N TA\ NE/FH, A)LLA\ ME/NEIN PAXE/A: E)/NQEN MELA/NTATA/ EI)SIN TAU=TA, E)N OI(=S GI/NETAI H( A)P' AU)TH=S I)=RIS]1 A)/LLWS TE KAI\ DIA\ TO\ E)N NUKTI\ GI/NESQAI, TH\N DE\ NU/KTA SUM-PRA/TTEIN PRO\S TH\N PA/XUNSIN TOU= NE/FOUS. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N PAXU/TATO/N E)STI TOU=TO TO\ NE/FOS KAI\ MELA/NTATON, SUMBAI/NEI TA\ I)RIOEIDH= XRW/MATA GINO/MENA A)PO\ TH=S PRO\S AU)TH\N A)NAKLA/SEWS W(S PRO\S TO\ ME/LAN NE/FOS PARABALLO/MENA LEUKA\ FAI/NESQAI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO LEUKH/ E)STIN A)P' AU)TH=S I)=RIS. O(RA=|S, O(/TI DUNATO\N A)PO\ TH=S PRO\S E(/TERON XRW=MA PARABOLH=S E)C E(TE/ROU XRW/MATOS E(/TERON GI/NESQAI. TOU=TO TRI/TON. TE/TARTON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O(/TI GA\R A)PO\ TH=S PRO\S E(/TERON XRW=MA PARABOLH=S E(/TERON GI/NETAI XRW=MA, DH=LON: I)DOU\ GOU=N TA\ POIKI/LMATA TA\ E)N TOI=S I(MATI/OIS GINO/MENA A)/LLA PAR' A)/LLA TIQE/MENA A)/LLAS DIAFORA\S POIOU=SI XRWMA/TWN DIA\ TH\N E)C AU)TW=N GINOME/NHN KRA=SIN. O(/QEN OI( PERI\ TA\S SMARA/GDOUS DEINOI\ E)/N TISIN W(/RAIS DIAKEIME/NOU KALW=S TOU= A)E/ROS E)PIDEIKNU/OUSI TA\S SMARA/GDOUS DIA\ TO\ TH=| PARAQE/SEI TH=| PRO\S TO\N A)XLUW/DH A)E/RA LAMPRO\N AU)TOU= FANH=NAI TO\ XRW=MA. TOU=TO TE/TARTON. PE/MPTON E)PI-XEI/RHMA: I)DOU\ GA\R KAI\ H( A(LOURGI/S, TOUTE/STIN H( PORFU/RA, E)N A)/LLOIS KAI\ A)/LLOIS I(MATI/OIS E)PIBALLOME/NH_A)PO\ GA\R TOU= LEUKOU= KAI\ TOU= PORFUROU= E(/TERON XRW=MA GI/NETAI, A)/LLO D' E)N CANQOI=S KAI\ XRUSOEIDE/SIN: A)PO\ GA\R TH=S AU)TW=N KRA/SEWS E(/TERON GI/NETAI XRW=MA. [2TOU=TO]2 PE/MPTON. E(/KTON KAI\ TELEUTAI=ON E)PIXEI/RHMA: O(RW=MEN GA\R KAI\ TOU\S POIKILTA\S TW=N I(MATI/WN MH\ E)RGAZOME/NOUS PRO\S TO\N LU/XNON, E)PEIDH\ A)XLUW/DOUS O)/NTOS TOU= A)E/ROS DIAFORA\ XRWMA/TWN @1 GI/NETAI A)PO\ TW=N XRWMA/TWN, E)N OI(=S E)RGA/ZONTAI, KAI\ A)PA/TH AU)TOI=S GI/NETAI DIA\ TH\N POIKILI/AN TW=N GINOME/NWN A)PO\ TH=S KRA/SEWS XRWMA/TWN. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. O( DE\ ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS PROSEU=RE KAI\ E(/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN A)NA/KLASIS TO\ CANQO\N XRW=MA. EI) GA\R H)=N A)NA/KLASIS, E)/DEI PRO\ TOU= FOINIKOU= GI/NESQAI, E)PEIDH\ H(=TTON E)/XEI TH\N A)PA/THN H( O)/YIS E)N TW=| CANQW=| H)/PER E)N TW=| FOINIKW=|: TO\ GA\R CANQO\N PRO\S TW=| LEUKW=| MA=LLO/N E)STIN. W(/SPER OU)=N TO\ FOINIKOU=N PRO\ TOU= PRASI/NOU GI/NETAI DIA\ TO\ H(=TTON AU)TOU= E)/XEIN A)PA/THN, %2%2%2 ME/XRI TOU/TWN A)PODEI/CAS O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI TO\ CANQO\N XRW=MA A)PO\ TH=S KRA/SEWS GI/NETAI TOU= FOINIKOU= KAI\ TOU= PRASI/NOU, W(/SPER KAI\ A)/LLA TINA\ XRW/MATA, ZHTEI= TH\N AI)TI/AN, DI' H(\N H( E)NTO\S I)=RIS LAMPROTE/RA FAI/NETAI TH=S E)KTO/S, KAI\ AI)TIA=TAI TH\N QE/SIN TW=N NEFW=N. E)PEIDH\ GA/R, FHSI/, TA\ TH=S E)NTO\S I)/RIDOS NE/FH PLHSIW/TERO/N E)STI TH=S O)/YEWS, MA=LLON H( O)/YIS A)KRIBE/STERON AU)TW=N A)NTILAMBA/NETAI: MH\ A)POKA/MNOUSA OU)=N H( O)/YIS SFODRO/TERA KAI\ LAMPRO/TERA OI)/ETAI TA\ XRW/MATA. E)PI\ DE\ TH=S E)/CW I)/RIDOS E)PEIDH\ PO/RRW EI)SI\ TA\ NE/FH TH=S O)/YEWS, A)POKA/MNOUSA H( O)/YIS E)/LATTON A)NTILAMBA/NETAI TW=N E)KEI/NHS XRW-MA/TWN. KAI\ OU(/TW ME\N AU)TO/S. SU\ D' EI)PE\ AI)TI/AN EI)=NAI TH\N KA/QETON KAI\ TA\S PRO\S TH=| KAQE/TW| KAI\ TA\S PO/RRW TH=S KAQE/TOU, W(S PRW/HN EI)/RHTAI. OU(/TW PROPARASKEUA/SAS O( FILO/SOFOS, A(\ E)/DEI PROPARASKEUA/SAI PERI\ TH=S I)/RIDOS, DEI/KNUSI TH\N AI)TI/AN, DI' H(\N KUKLOTERE\S U(POLAMBA/NEI SXH=MA H( I)=RIS KAI\ DIA\ TI/ H(MIKU/KLION GI/NETAI H)\ E)/LATTON H(MIKUKLI/OU, OU)DE/POTE DE\ KU/KLOS H)\ MEI/ZWN H(MIKUKLI/OU. A)LLA\ TH\N AI)TI/AN, DI' H(\N KUKLOTERH\S GI/NETAI H( I)=RIS KAI\ DIA\ TI/ H(MIKU/KLION, E)N TH=| E)FECH=S MAQHSO/MEQA. I(/NA DE\ TOI=S LEGOME/NOIS PARAKOLOUQH/SWMEN, DEI= LABEI=N PRW=TON LH=MMA TOIOU=TON: E)A\N H)=| H(MIKU/KLION KAI\ A)XQH=| DI' AU)TOU= H( DIA/METROS KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S DIAME/TROU LHFQH=| TI SHMEI=ON, O(\ MH/ E)STI KE/NTRON H(MIKUKLI/OU, A)PO\ DE\ TOU= SHMEI/OU E)KEI/NOU A)XQH=| TIS EU)-QEI=A E)PI\ TH\N PERIFE/REIAN KAI\ A)PO\ TH=S PERIFEREI/AS A)XQH/SETAI/ TIS EU)QEI=A@3 E)PI\ TO\ PE/RAS TH=S DIAME/TROU, W(S E)PI\ TO\ ZEU=CAI TH\N DIA/METRON KAI\ TH\N A)PO\ TOU= SHMEI/OU E)PI\ TH\N PERIFE/REIAN A)XQEI=SAN EU)QEI=AN, W(/ST' EI)=NAI DU/O EU)QEI/AS E)N AU)TW=| TW=| H(MIKUKLI/W|, A)/LLAI DU/O EU)QEI=AI OU) SUSTAQH/SONTAI LO/GON E)/XOUSAI @1 TO\N AU)TO\N TAI=S PROTE/RAIS. E)/STW GA\R H(MIKU/KLION TO\ *H*M*N, KAI\ H)/XQW AU)-TOU= DIA/METROS H( *H*N, KAI\ EI)LH/FQW TI SHMEI=ON E)PI\ TH=S DIAME/TROU, O(\ MH/ E)STI KE/NTRON TOU= H(MIKUKLI/OU, TO\ *K, KAI\ E)/STW MEI/ZWN H( *H*K TH=S *K*N: KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= *K SHMEI/OU TIS EU)QEI=A E)PI\ TH\N PERIFE/REIAN H)/XQW H( *K*L, KAI\ E)P-EZEU/XQW H( *L*H. LE/GW, O(/TI E)N TW=| *H*M*N H(MIKUKLI/W| OU) SUSTAQH/SONTAI A)/LLAI DU/O EU)QEI=AI TO\N AU)TO\N LO/GON E)/XOUSAI TAI=S *H*L, *L*K. %2%2%2 KAI\ E)PEI/ E)STI W(S H( *H*L PRO\S *L*K, OU(/TWS H( *M*H PRO\S *M*K, KAI\ E)NALLA\C W(S H( *L*H PRO\S *H*M, OU(/TWS H( *L*K PRO\S *M*K, MEI/ZWN D' E)STI\N H( *L*H TH=S *M*H [1PRO\S GA\R TH=| DIAME/TRW| E)STI\ KAI\ E)PI\ MEI/ZONOS TH=S PERIFEREI/AS, TH=S *H*M*L]1, MEI/ZWN A)/RA KAI\ H( *L*K TH=S *M*K, H( PO/RRW TOU= KE/NTROU TH=S PRO\S TO\ KE/NTRON, O(/PER A)/TOPON. % E)N GA\R TH=| *H*K E)STI/N. OU)K A)/RA E)PI\ TOU= AU)TOU= H(MIKUKLI/OU A)/LLAI DU/O EU)QEI=AI SUSTAQH/SONTAI KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S, O(/PER E)/DEI DEI=CAI. TOU/TOU@3 TOU= LH/MMATOS PROLHFQE/NTOS A)PODEI/KNUSIN O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N AI)TI/AN, DI' H(\N @1 KUKLOTERH\S FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS KAI\ DIA\ TI/ H(MIKU/KLION, TO\N TRO/PON TOU=TON: E)/STW GA/R, FHSI/N, O( O(RI/ZWN O( *Q*H*G KU/KLOS: KE/NTRON DE\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS E)/STW TO\ *K, DIA/METROS DE\ H( *H*P, ME/LAN DE\ NE/FOS TO\ *M*N. KAI\ E)/STW %2%2%2 TO\ *K, TOUTE/STIN TO\ KE/NTRON, H( O)/YIS: A)PO\ DE\ TOU= *K, TOUTE/STIN A)PO\ TH=S O)/YEWS, E)KPEMPE/SQW A)KTI\S PRO\S TO\ *M*N NE/FOS H( *K*M. KAI\ A)NAKEKLA/SQW W(S PRO\S TO\ *H, O(/PER E)STI\N O( H(/LIOS A)NATE/LLWN. TA\ GA\R PRA/GMATA A)PO\ TW=N A)R-KTIKW=N STOIXEI/WN DEI/KNUSIN O( FILO/SOFOS, O(/PER E)POI/HSEN E)N TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S. KAI\ POIEI= TO\ TRI/GWNON TO\ *K*M*H A)MBLEI=AN E)/XON TH\N PRO\S TO\ *K GWNI/AN. O(/TI GA\R A)NAGKAI/WS A)MBLEI=A/ E)STIN AU(/TH, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ METACU/ E)STIN H( O)/YIS TOU= TE H(LI/OU KAI\ TOU= NE/FOUS, U(YHLO/TERON DE\ FAI/NETAI TO\ NE/FOS TOU= H(LI/OU DIA\ TO\ TO\N H(/LION PRO\S TW=| O(RI/ZONTI EI)=NAI TE/WS: A)/LLWS TE KAI\ U(PO\ MEGI/STHS EU)QEI/AS U(POTEI/NETAI TH=S *M*H, H(/TIS E)STI\N A)NA/KLASIS. NO-EI/SQW DH\ TOU=TO TO\ TRI/GWNON A)GEIRO/MENON KAI\ PERIAGO/MENON PERI\ TO\N *H*P A)/CONA, W(S GI/NESQAI KW=NON, OU(= H( KORUFH\ TO\ *H, O(/STIS KW=NOS SU/GKEITAI E)K POLLW=N TRIGW/NWN O(MOI/WN TW=| *K*M*H, A(/PER TRI/GWNA GI/NONTAI A)PO\ TW=N O)/YEWN TW=N PROSPIPTOUSW=N A)PO\ TOU= *K E)PI\ TO\ *M*N NE/FOS KAI\ A)NAKLWME/NWN E)PI\ TO\ *H, TOUTE/STI TO\N H(/LION. DHLONO/TI PERIAGWGH\ TOIAU/TH KUKLOTERH\S GENH/-SETAI PERI\ TO\ NE/FOS, KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN KUKLIKO\N E)/XEI SXH=MA H( I)=RIS. AI( GA\R KA/QETOI PA=SAI TW=N TRIGW/NWN E)F' E(\N SHMEI=ON PESOU=NTAI TO\ *P, O(/PER E)STI\ KE/NTRON TH=S I)/RIDOS: E)KTO\S GA\R TW=N TRIGW/NWN PI/PTOUSIN AI( KA/QETOI AU)-TW=N E)PI\ TO\ *P SHMEI=ON. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N KUKLIKO\N SXH=MA A)POLAMBA/NEI H( I)=RIS. DIA\ TI/ DE\ H(MIKU/KLION, A)PODEIKNU/OUSIN OU(/TW: TO\ GA\R E)PI/PEDON, E)N W(=| E)STI TO\ *K, E)N W(=| E)NEGRA/YAMEN TO\ *K*M*H TRI/GWNON, TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N TO\ E)M-BADO\N TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS E)KBALLO/MENON W(S E)PI\ TO\ KE/NTRON TH=S I)/RIDOS TO\ *P TE/MNEI DI/XA TO\N KU/KLON TO\N E)K TW=N TRIGW/NWN GINO/MENON. KAI\ E)NTAU=QA H(MIKU/KLION FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS: SUMBAI/NEI GA\R TO\ H(MIKU/KLION TH=S I)/RIDOS O)RQW=S E)FESTA/NAI TW=| O(RI/ZONTI. E)/STI DE\ TOU=TO KAI\ FUSIKW=S NOH=SAI: E)PEIDH\ GA\R A)PO\ TOU= O)/M-MATOS AI( O)/YEIS KWNOEIDW=S E)KPE/MPONTAI, W(S POIEI=N KW=NON ME/GAN TH\N ME\N KORUFH\N E)/XONTA PRO\S TW=| O)/MMATI, TH\N DE\ BA/SIN PRO\S TW=| O(RATW=|, DH=LON O(/TI KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= NE/FOUS KWNOEIDW=S PROSPI/PTOUSI KAI\ PRO\S TO\ NE/FOS: KAI\ H( ME\N @1 KORUFH\ TOU= KW/NOU GI/NETAI TO\ O)/MMA, BA/SIS DE\ TO\ NE/FOS. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N KWNO-EIDW=S KAI\ KUKLOTERW=S PROSPI/PTOUSIN AI( O)/YEIS TW=| NE/FEI, TOU/TOU XA/RIN KUKLOTERH\S H( I)=RIS FAI/NETAI. E)PEIDH\ KWNOEIDW=S PROSPI/PTOUSAI KWNOEIDW=S KAI\ A)NAKLW=NTAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, DIA\ TOU=TO ME\N KUKLOTERH/S: H(MIKU/KLION D' E)PEIDH\ O( O(RI/ZWN KWLU/EI KAI\ TA\S A)KTI=NAS TOU= O)/MMATOS XWREI=N E)PI\ TO\ KA/TW. LOIPO\N EU(RI/SKETAI W(S KW=NOS DEDIXASME/NOS A)PO\ KORUFH=S ME/XRI TH=S BA/SEWS, W(/STE TO\N A)/CONA AU)TOU= E)N TW=| E)PIPE/DW| EI)=NAI TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. FE/RE D' H(MEI=S A)PORH/SWMEN PRO\S TO\ U(P' AU)TOU= EI)RHME/NON QEW/RHMA. E)PEIDH\ GA\R KE/NTRON EI)=PE TO\ *K TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS, DH=LON O(/TI I)/SH E)STI\N H( A)PO\ TOU= *K PRO\S TO\ *M*N NE/FOS PROSPI/PTOUSA EU)QEI=A TH=| A)PO\ TOU= *H E)PI\ TO\ *K. KAI\ I)/SON E)/STAI TO\ DIA/STHMA TO\ A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU E)PI\ TO\ O)/MMA TW=| DIASTH/MATI TW=| A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS, O(/PER A)/TOPON. EI)/RHTAI DE\ TOU/TOU H( E)PI/LUSIS E)N TW=| PERI\ TH=S A(/LW LO/GW|, E)/NQA DIAFO/ROUS O(RI/ZONTAS E)LA/BOMEN. R(HTE/ON DE\ KAI\ NU=N E(TE/RAN E)PI/LUSIN, O(/TI TO\ *K KAI\ KE/NTRON E)STI\ KAI\ OU) KE/NTRON: KE/NTRON ME\N TOU= PANTO/S, E)PEIDH\ O(/POU A)\N H)=| TO\ O)/MMA, E)N KE/NTRW| E)STI/N, OU) KE/NTRON DE\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS: OU) GA\R I)/SH E)STI\N H( *H*K TH=| *K*M. MH/POTE OU)=N O( FILO/SOFOS PRO\S TO\ PA=N A)PIDW\N KE/NTRON E)KA/LESE TO\ *K. O(/TI GA\R OU)K E)/STI TO\ *K TOU= E)KKEIME/NOU O(RI/ZONTOS KE/NTRON, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN: EI) GA\R H)=N KE/NTRON, E)KBALLOME/NH E)P' EU)QEI/AS H( *K*M KAI\ DIA/METROS A)\N E)GI/-NETO TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS: OU)KOU=N H(MIKU/KLIA A)\N H)=SAN TA\ TMH/MATA. EI) DE\ H(MIKU/KLIA H)=SAN, I)/SAI A)\N H)=SAN AI( GWNI/AI AI( PRO\S TH=| PERIFEREI/A| GINO/MENAI U(PO\ TH=S *K*M. 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E)PEIDH\ OU)=N A)/NISOI/ EI)SIN, H( DE\ A)NA/KLASIS PRO\S I)/SAS GI/NETAI, OU) GENH/SETAI A)NA/KLASIS PRO\S AU)TA/S. OU)KOU=N OU) GI/NETAI A)NA/KLASIS PRO\S TO\ *K, TOUTE/STI PRO\S TO\ O)/MMA, A)LL' E)KPEMPOME/NH H( *K*M KAI\ YAU/OUSA KU/KLOU, TOUTE/STI TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS H)/TOI TOU= E)KEI=SE NE/FOUS, KAI\ A)NAKLWME/NH POIEI= I)/SHN GWNI/AN A)/LLHN TH=| U(PO\ *K*M*S, TH\N U(PO\ *K*M*H. OU)-KOU=N E)PEIDH\ AI( U(PO\ *K*M*S, *K*M*H I)/SAI EI)SI/N, A)/NISOI DE\ AI( U(PO\ *K*M*S, *K*M*Q, PRO\S ME\N TO\ *H GENH/SETAI H( A)NA/KLASIS, U(F' H(=S GI/NONTAI AI( I)/SAI GWNI/AI: @1 PRO\S DE\ TO\ *K OU) GENH/SETAI, E)PEIDH\ A)NI/SOUS PEPOI/HKE GWNI/AS H( *K*M. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO OU)K H)GNO/EI *)ARISTOTE/LHS, O(/TI OU)K E)/STI KE/NTRON TO\ *K TOU= O(RI/-ZONTOS, DH=LON E)K TOU= A)NI/SOUS U(POTI/QESQAI TA\S GWNI/AS TA\S U(PO\ TH=S *K*M PRO\S TH=| PERIFEREI/A| GINOME/NAS, TOUTE/STI TH\N U(PO\ *K*M*Q KAI\ TH\N U(PO\ *K*M*S. EI) GA\R W)/|ETO KE/NTRON EI)=NAI TO\ *K, KAI\ TAU/TAS E)C A)NA/GKHS I)/SAS A)\N U(PETI/QETO. TI/ GA/R FHSIN AU)TO/S; <20E)A\N A)PO\ TOU= *K GRAMMAI\ KATA\ KW=NON E)KPI/-PTOUSAI POIH/SWSIN W(/SPER A)/CONA TH\N E)F' H(=| *H*K, KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= *K E)PI\ TO\ *M E)PIZEUXQEI=SAI A)NAKLASQW=SIN A)PO\ TOU= H(MISFAI-RI/OU E)PI\ TO\ *H E)PI\ TH\N MEI/ZW GWNI/AN, PRO\S KU/KLOU PERIFE/REIAN PROSPESOU=NTAI A)PO\ TOU= *K.>20 W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI MEI/ZONA LE/GEI GWNI/AN TH\N U(PO\ *K*M*Q, E)C H(=S I)/SHN A)NAFE/REI H( *M*H EU)QEI=A, TOUTE/STIN H( A)NA/KLASIS, TH=| U(PO\ *K*M*S. OI)=DEN A)/RA, O(/TI A)/NISA/ EI)SI TA\ TMH/MATA TOU= KU/KLOU. EI) DE\ A)/NISA/ EI)SIN, OU)K E)/STI DIA/METROS: OU)K A)/RA E)STI\ SHMEI=ON TO\ *K KE/NTRON TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. {1<20*TO\ DE\ CANQO\N FAI/NETAI DIA\ TO\ PARA/LLHLA FAI/NESQAI.>20}1 @*DIA\ TO\ PLHSI/ON A)LLH/LWN EI)=NAI TO\ FOINIKOU=N KAI\ TO\ PRA/SINON, E(/TERON E)K TH=S TOU/TWN KRA/SEWS GI/NETAI XRW=MA, TO\ CANQO/N. KAI\ O(/TI A)PO\ KRA/SEWS A)/LLWN XRWMA/TWN, A)PODEI/KNUSI DIA\ E(\C E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN. {1<20*)EN GA\R TW=| MELANTA/TW| NE/FEI MA/LISTA A)/KRATOS GI/NETAI I)=RIS.>20}1 @<20*)/AKRATOS,>20 TOUTE/STIN A)MIGH\S TOU= FOINIKOU= XRW/MATOS. E)N GA\R TW=| MELANTA/TW| NE/FEI TO\ FOINIKOU=N LEUKO\N FAI/NETAI DIA\ TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI E)A\N H(=TTON ME/LAN PARA\ MA=LLON ME/LAN PARABALLO/MENON, CANQO\N FAI/NETAI. {1<20*KAI\ PA/LIN A)POMARAINOME/NHS TH=S I)/RIDOS, O(/TAN LU/HTAI TO\ FOINIKOU=N.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI ME/LLOUSA A)POPAU/ESQAI H( I)=RIS EI)S CANQO\N METABA/LLETAI TO\ FOINIKOU=N DIA\ TO\ LEUKAI/NESQAI TA\ NE/FH, A(/TINA PARABALLO/MENA PARA\ TO\ PRA/SINON CANQO\N XRW=MA DEI/KNUSI. {1<20*ME/GISTON DE\ SHMEI=ON TOU/TWN H( A)PO\ TH=S SELH/NHS I)=RIS.>20}1 @*TO\ TRI/TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI H( A)PO\ TH=S SELH/NHS I)=RIS PRO\S TO\ @1 MELA/NTATON NE/FOS PARABALLOME/NH LEUKH/ E)STIN: W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI GI/NETAI A)PO\ KRA/SEWS XRW=MA. {1<20*GI/NETAI DE\ TOU=TO TO\ PA/QOS KATAFANE\S KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)NQW=N.>20}1 @<20*)/ANQH>20 KALEI= TA\ POIKI/LMATA TA\ E)N TOI=S I(MATI/OIS GINO/MENA. KAI\ E)/XEIS TO\ TE/TARTON, O(/TI TAU=TA PARABALLO/MENA PRO\S A)/LLHLA POLLA\ XRW/MATA POI-OU=SIN E)K TH=S KRA/SEWS. {1<20*OI(=ON H( PORFU/RA E)N LEUKOI=S H)\ ME/LASIN E)RI/OIS.>20}1 @*TO\ PE/MPTON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI H( A(LOURGI\S DIA/FORA POIEI= XRW/-MATA E)N DIAFO/ROIS I(MATI/OIS BALLOME/NH DIAFE/ROUSI TH=| XROIA=|. {1<20*DIO\ KAI\ OI( POIKILTAI/ FASI DIAMARTA/NEIN E)RGAZO/MENOI PRO\S TO\N LU/XNON.>20}1 @*TO\ E(/KTON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ TW=N POIKILTW=N. {1<20*MAKROTE/RA GA\R A)POTEINOME/NH H( O)/YIS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN DHLOI= TH\N AI)TI/AN, DI' H(\N A)MUDROTE/RA H( E)KTO\S I)=RIS FAI/NETAI TH=S E)NTO/S. {1<20*(/WST' E)/LATTON PROSPI/PTOUSA TA\ XRW/MATA POIEI= A)MAU-RO/TERA FAI/NESQAI.>20}1 @<20*)/ELATTON>20 OU) TW=| PLH/QEI [1PLEI/ONES GA\R PROSPI/PTOUSIN O)/YEIS PRO\S TH\N E)KTO\S PERIFE/REIAN]1, A)LL' <20E)/LATTO/N>20 E)STIN E)N TH=| DUNA/MEI. 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E)PEIDH\ GA\R O(/MOIAI/ EI)SI KAI\ I)/SAI, DHLONO/TI AI( A)PO\ TW=N GWNIW=N AU)TW=N KA/QETOI E)F' E(\N SHMEI=ON PESOU=NTAI KAI\ E)KTO\S AU)TW=N, E)PEIDH\ A)MBLU-GW/NIOI/ TE KAI\ A)NISO/PLEUROI/ EI)SIN: E(/KASTON GA\R AU)TW=N MEGI/STHN ME\N E)/XEI TH\N A)PO\ TOU= NE/FOUS E)PI\ TO\N H(/LION, E)LAXI/STHN DE\ TH\N A)PO\ TOU= O)/MMATOS E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS, ME/SHN DE\ TH\N A)PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU E)PI\ TO\ O)/MMA. {1<20*TW=N ME\N GA\R A)/NW TO\N H(/LION OU) KRATEI=N, TW=N DE\ PRO\S @TH=| GH=| STHRIZOME/NWN KRATEI=N, KAI\ DIAXEI=N TO\N A)E/RA.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TH\N AI)TI/AN LE/GEI TOU= H(MIKU/KLION FAI/NESQAI TH\N I)=RIN. E)PEIDH\ GA\R OU)DE\N A)/LLO E)STI\N H( I)=RIS H)\ TO\ KRATEI=SQAI TO\N H(/LION U(PO\ TOU= NE/FOUS [1O(/TAN GA\R AU)TO\S KRATH/SH|, DIALU/EI TO\ NE/FOS, KAI\ OU) GI/NETAI I)=RIS]1, O(/TAN OU)=N A)NATE/LLH| O( H(/LIOS, DHLONO/TI E)KPEMPO/MENAI A)P' AU)TOU= A)KTI=NES H( ME/N E)STI KA/QETOS, AI( DE\ PRO\S TH=| KAQE/TW|, AI( DE\ PO/RRW TH=S KAQE/TOU. 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E)/NQEN OU) GI/NETAI KU/KLOS H( I)=RIS E)FAPTO/MENOS TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS, A)LLA\ H(MIKU/KLION MO/NON, E)PEIDH\ OU) SUG-XWROU=SIN AI( KA/QETOI A)KTI=NES SUSTH=NAI KA/TW NE/FOS ME/LAN. {1<20*GI/NESQAI DE\ KAI\ NE/FOS NUKTW=N A)PO\ TH=S SELH/NHS O)LIGA/KIS.>20}1 @*TOU=TO W(S PRO\S A)PO/DEICI/N TINA E)PH/GAGE TOU= TH\N I)=RIN GI/NESQAI KRATOU- @1ME/NOU TOU= H(LI/OU, E)PEIDH\ GA\R KAI\ A)PO\ TH=S SELH/NHS I)=RIS GI/NETAI DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI AU)TH\N YUXROTE/RAN TOU= H(LI/OU KAI\ MH\ I)SXU/EIN TA\ NE/FH DIALU/EIN. A)/LLWS TE KAI\ NU\C A)NTIPRA/TTEI TH=| DIALU/SEI TW=N NEFW=N, KAI\ LOIPO\N TA\ NE/FH E)PIKRA-TOU=NTA TH=S SELH/NHS POIOU=SIN A)NAKLA=SQAI TA\S O)/YEIS E)P' AU)TH=S, KAI\ GI/NETAI H( I)=RIS. DHLONO/TI E)PI\ TOU= H(LI/OU TO/TE GI/NETAI I)=RIS, O(/TAN KATAKRATH/SANTA TOU= H(LI/OU PAXUNQW=SI TA\ NE/FH, %2 PROSPIPTOU/SAS AU)TOI=S TA\S O)/YEIS MH\ DI-IE/NAI, A)LL' A)NAKLA=SQAI W(S PRO\S TO\N H(/LION KAI\ GI/NESQAI TH\N I)=RIN. A)LL' EI)/-POIS A)/N: OU)KOU=N E)/DEI SUNEXW=S TE GI/NESQAI E)PI\ TH=S SELH/NHS I)=RIN, E)PEIDH\ W(S E)PI\ TO\ PLEI=STON KATAKRATOU=SI TA\ NE/FH TH=S SELH/NHS, A(/MA TE DIA\ TH\N FU/SIN AU)TH=S, A(/MA TE O(/TI KAI\ NU/KTWR GI/NETAI. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI O(/SON ME\N KAI\ TOU=TO E)/DEI SUXNO/TERON GI/NESQAI, A)LL' E)/STIN A)/LLO TI TO\ E)MPODI/ZON. TA\ GA\R I)RIOEIDH= XRW/MATA MELA/NTERA O)/NTA E)N ME/LANI TW=| NE/FEI KAI\ E)N TW=| SKOTEINW=| A)E/RI LANQA/NOUSI: TA\ GA\R O(/MOIA PE/FUKE LANQA/NEIN E)N TOI=S O(MOI/OIS. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PA/LIN E)/STW O(RI/ZWN>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*DIDA/CAS H(MA=S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TH\N AI)TI/AN TOU= KUKLIKOU= TH=S I)/RIDOS SXH/MATOS, KAI\ O(/TI TOU= H(LI/OU O)/NTOS E)PI\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS H(MIKU/KLION FAI/NETAI, E)/TI PRO\S TOU/TOIS KAI\ TO\N E(/TERON PO/LON TH=S I)/RIDOS O)/NTA METACU\ TOU= KE/NTROU TH=S I)/RIDOS KAI\ TOU= E)C E)NANTI/AS PE/RATOS TH=S DIAME/TROU, NU=N PA/LIN A)RQE/NTOS A)PO\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS TOU= H(LI/OU ZHTEI= TO\ SXH=MA TH=S I)/RIDOS, O(/PER E)STI\N H(MIKU/KLION. OU)KE/TI DE\ H(MIKU/KLION FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS, A)LL' E)LA/TTWN H(MIKUKLI/OU: A)RQE/NTOS GA\R TOU= H(LI/OU A)PO\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS E)LA/TTWN H(MIKUKLI/OU, KAI\ GI/NETAI TO\ KE/NTRON AU)TH=S U(PO\ GH=N KAI\ O( PO/LOS. KAI\ O(/SON E)CAI/RETAI O( H(/LIOS, TO-SOU=TON E)LAXI/STH FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS: KAI\ O(/TAN GE/NHTAI PRO\S TW=| MESHMBRINW=|, KATAPI/NETAI. PRO\S TOU/TOIS DE\ KAI\ A)/LLA DU/O SHMAI/NEIN E)/FH O( ME/GAS FILO/-SOFOS: TO\ KLI/NESQAI TH\N I)=RIN E)PI\ TA\ ME/RH, E)F' A(\ KAI\ O( PO/LOS GE/GONEN, U(PO\ GH=N: PRO\S TOU/TOIS DE\ KAI\ TH\N AI)TI/AN, DI' H(\N O(/TE ME/N E)STIN H(MIKU/KLION H( I)=RIS, E)LA/TTONOS TMH=MA KU/KLOU EI)=NAI DOKEI=, O(/TE D' E)LA/TTWN H(MIKUKLI/OU FAI/NETAI, MEI/ZONOS KU/KLOU. TAU=TA DEI/KNUTAI OU(/TWS, KAI\ PRW=TON TA\ *)ARI-STOTE/LOUS EI)/PWMEN: E)/STW O(RI/ZWN KU/KLOS H( *A*B*G KAI\ E)CH|RH/SQW O( H(/LIOS A)PO\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS KAI\ E)/STW W(S KATA\ TO\ *H. H( DE\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS DIA/-METROS E)/STW H( *A*G, TO\ DE\ KE/NTRON TO\ *K. 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KAI\ E)/XEIS E)NTAU=QA, O(/TI KAI\ TO\ SXH=MA TH=S I)/RIDOS W(/RISTAI: H)\ GA\R H(MI-KU/KLION FAI/NETAI, O(/TAN A)NATE/LLH| O( H(/LIOS, H)\ E)/LATTON H(MIKUKLI/OU, O(/TAN A)RQH=| E)K TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS, H)\ KATAPI/NETAI, O(/TAN E)N TW=| MESHMBRINW=| GE/NHTAI. FANERO\N DE/, O(/TI KAI\ KE/KLITAI H( I)=RIS, O(/TAN E)CAI/RHTAI O( H(/LIOS DIA\ TO\ TO\N PO/LON KA/TW EI)=NAI. TOU/TOU DE\ KANO/NA E)/XOMEN, O(/TI E)A\N DIA\ POLLW=N TE/MNHTAI KU/KLOS, DI/XA TE/MNETAI KAI\ PRO\S O)RQA/S. DIA\ TOU=TO OU)=N KE/KLITAI NU=N, E)PEIDH\ O( *A*B*G O(RI/ZWN OU)K E)/STI TH=S I)/RIDOS DIA\ TO\N PO/LON: KA/TW GA/R E)STIN O( PO/LOS, OU)DE\ GA\R KATA\ TO\ *U. H( DE\ KU/KLHSIS GI/NETAI E)PI\ TA\ ME/RH, E)F' A(\ O( PO/LOS U(PO\ GH=N TUGXA/NEI, W(/SPER E)/STIN I)DEI=N E)PI\ TH=S KRIKWTH=S SFAI/RAS. KAI\ DH=LON O(/TI W(S E)PI\ TO\N PO/LON GI/NETAI O)CEI=A GWNI/A. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ MEI/ZONOS KU/KLOU FAI/NETAI TMH=MA, SULLOGISTE/ON OU(/TWS: O(/TAN E)STI\ TO\ LAMPRO\N E)PI\ TOU= O(RI/-ZONTOS, DE/DEIKTAI, O(/TI H(MIKU/KLION FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS. KAI\ DH=LON O(/TI A)PO/-GEIO/N E)STI TO/TE TO\ H(MIKU/KLION W(S PRO\S TO\ E)/LASSON TOU= H(MIKUKLI/OU, W(/STE O(/TAN FAI/NHTAI E)/LASSON H(MIKUKLI/OU TO\ FAINO/MENON ME/ROS, PERIGEIO/TERON TUG-XA/NEI. E)PEI\ OU)=N PERIGEIO/TERON TUGXA/NEI, E)/XOMEN TO\ ZHTOU/MENON. E)PEIDH\ GA\R MA=LLON PRO\S TOI=S PERIGEIOTE/ROIS PLEONA/ZOUSIN OI( A)TMOI/, DOKEI= TAU/TH| MEI/ZWN FAI/NESQAI: TA\ GA\R E)N U(/DATI O(RW/MENA MEI/ZONA FAI/NETAI. H)\ TO\ A)LH-QE/STERON: PERIGEIO/TERON TUGXA/NON TO\ TMH=MA MA=LLON TH=| O)/YEI U(POPI/PTEI DIA\ TO\ DEU/TERON LHMMA/TION TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI TA\ E)K POLLOU= DIASTH/MATOS H( O)/YIS E)LA/SSONA OI)/ETAI, TA\ D' E)GGU\S MEI/ZONA. A)PORH=SAI D' A)/CION PRO\S TO\N *)ARI-STOTE/LHN, PW=S O(RI/ZONTA EI)PW\N TO\N *A*B*G KU/KLON KAI\ E)CH|RHME/NON TO\N H(/LION E)K TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS E)/LABE TO\N H(/LION E)PI\ TOU= *H, O(/ E)STIN E)PI\ TOU= *A*B*G O(RI/-ZONTOS. EI) GA\R E)PI\ TOU= *A*B*G E)STI\ TO\ *H, OU)KE/TI E)CH/|RHTAI: KAI\ EI) E)CH/|RHTAI TO\ *H, OU)KE/TI E)STI\N E)PI\ TOU= *A*B*G O(RI/ZONTOS. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN O( *A*B*G O(RI/ZWN A)KI/NHTOS, A)LLA\ SUGKINOU/MENOS TW=| PANTI/: E)/STI GA\R KAI\ O(RI/ZWN KINOU/MENOS E)N TH=| SFAI/RA|. KAI\ TOU=TO OI)=DEN O( *PTOLEMAI=OS: TO\N GA\R TOI-OU=TON O(RI/ZONTA E(KTHMO/RION O)NOMA/ZEI DIA\ TO\ E(\C QE/SEIS LAMBA/NEIN TH=S H(ME/RAS. E)/STI GA\R H( PRW/TH W(=RAI KAI\ H( DEUTE/RA KAI\ E(CH=S I)/SAI: KAI\ OU(/TWS O( KU/KLOS KATA\ TA\S W(/RAS TA\S AU)TA\S TH\N AU)TH\N I)/SXEI QE/SIN. W(/STE OU)DE\N A)/TOPON U(PE/QETO O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ E)/DEICEN, W(S KAI\ PO/TE E)LA/TTWN H(MIKUKLI/OU FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS KAI\ EI)PW/N, O(/TI O(/TAN GE/NHTAI O( H(/LIOS PRO\S TW=| @1 MESHMBRINW=|, KATAPI/NETAI KAI\ OU) FAI/NETAI H( I)=RIS, W(/S TINOS A)PORH/SANTOS, O(/TI OU)DE/POTE PRO\S TW=| MESHMBRINW=| O)/NTOS TOU= H(LI/OU GI/NETAI I)=RIS, EI) MH\ O(/TAN E)N TW=| O(RI/ZONTI/ E)STIN O( H(/LIOS H)\ MIKRO\N A)RQH=| A)PO\ TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS_ EI) GA\R EI)/H E)PI\ TOU= MESHMBRINOU=, GI/NETAI DIA\ TO\ TA\ PROSA/RKTIA ME/RH TW=N KU/KLWN W(S E)PI\ TH=S E)GKEKLEISME/NHS SFAI/RAS MEI/ZONA EI)=NAI H(MIKU/KLWN KAI\ POLU\ AI)/RESQAI TO\ LAMPRO/N, KAI\ TAU/TH| A)FANI/ZESQAI TH\N I)=RIN. E)N GA\R TAI=S MEGI/STAIS H(ME/RAIS O( H(/LIOS TA\ PROSA/RKTIA TMH/MATA DIW/KEI, E)N DE\ TAI=S XEI-MERINAI=S TA\ NO/TIA KLI/MATA, A(/PER E)STI\N U(PE\R GH=S ME\N E)LA/XISTA, U(PO\ GH=N DE\ ME/GISTA: H( GA\R E)/GKLISIS TOU= GI/NESQAI PARASKEUA/ZEI. 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E)PEIDH\ OU)=N TAU=TA U(PO\ GH=N EI)SI, DH=LON O(/TI E)/LATTON H(MIKUKLI/OU FAI/NETAI KAI\ TO\ *G*U*Y TMH=MA E)/LATTO/N E)STIN H(MIKUKLI/OU. {1<20*TA\ ME\N OU)=N A)/LLA PA/NTA O(MOI/WS DEIXQH/SETAI.>20}1 @<20*TA\ A)/LLA,>20 POI=A; TO\ SXH=MA TH=S I)/RIDOS O(/TI KUKLIKO\N KAI\ O(/TI KATA\ A)NA/-KLASIN: TAU=TA GA\R A)PEDEI/XQH, KAI\ KATA\ TO\N AU)TO\N TRO/PON KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S NU=N PTW/SEWS, O(/TAN E)LA/TTWN E)STI\N H(MIKUKLI/OU, DEIXQH/SETAI. {1<20*)EPI\ GA\R TH=S AU)TH=S O(/ TE PO/LOS KAI\ TO\ KE/NTRON.>20}1 @*TOU=TO/ FHSIN, O(/TI E)PI\ TH=S *H*K*O*P*C, TOUTE/STIN E)PI\ TOU= A)/CONOS GI/NETAI TE/SSARA/ TINA: O( H(/LIOS, TO\ KE/NTRON TOU= O(RI/ZONTOS TO\ *K, KAI\ TO\ KE/NTRON TH=S I)/RIDOS TO\ *O, KAI\ O( *P PO/LOS. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*TAU/TAS DE\ TA\S AI)TI/AS U(POLHPTE/ON KAI\ PERI\ PARHLI/WN KAI\ R(A/BDWN.>20}1 @*SUMPLHRW/SAS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\N PERI\ A(/LW KAI\ I)/RIDOS LO/GON TRE/PETAI @1 KAI\ E)PI\ TA\ SUGGENH= AU)TOI=S, PARHLI/OUS FHMI\ KAI\ R(A/BDOUS, DIA\ TH\N E)N A)RXH=| PERI\ TOU/TWN EI)RHME/NHN U(F' H(MW=N TA/CIN. O)FEI/LWN D' E)NTEU=QEN PROTA/CAI TOU\S PARHLI/OUS DIA\ TO\ TI/MION TOU= SXH/MATOS_KU/KLOS GA/R TIS O(/MOIOS TW=| H(LI/W| DOKEI= FAI/NESQAI, AI( DE\ R(A/BDOI EU)QEI=AI. O( DE\ KU/KLOS A)EI/ E)STIN O(/MOIOS E(AUTW=| KAI\ OU)/TE A)FAI/RESIN OU)/TE PRO/SQESIN E)PIDE/XETAI, W(S E)N TH=| *PERI\ OU)-RANOU= PRAGMATEI/A| A)PODEI/KNUSI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO TI/MIO/N E)STI TO\ KUKLIKO\N SXH=MA: KAI\ GA\R EI)/TE PROSQH/KHN EI)/TE A)FAI/RESIN QELH/SOMEN TOU= KU/KLOU POI-H=SAI, O(/LON AU)TO\N A)MEI/BOMEN, H( D' EU)QEI=A KAI\ PRO/SQESIN KAI\ A)FAI/RESIN E)PI-DE/XETAI MH\ A)MEIBOME/NH KAQ' E(AUTH/N. DIA\ OU)=N TO\ TOU= SXH/MATOS TI/MION E)/DEI PROTETA/XQAI TOU\S PARHLI/OUS TW=N R(A/BDWN. AU)TO\S DE\ DIA\ TO\ O(MOXRO/OUS EI)=NAI TA\S R(A/BDOUS TH=| I)/RIDI PROTA/TTEI AU)TA\S TW=N PARHLI/WN: AI( GA\R R(A/BDOI POIKI/LAI EI)SI\ TOI=S XRW/MASIN, O( DE\ PARH/LIOS MONO/XROUS: LEUKO\S GA/R, W(/SPER H( A(/LWS. GI/NETAI DE/, W(S POLLA/KIS EI)/RHTAI, KAI\ TAU=TA KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN: A)NAKLWME/NH GA\R H( O)/YIS TOIOU/TWN SXHMA/TWN KAI\ XRWMA/TWN I)/SXEI FANTASI/AN. A)LL' O( ME\N *)ALE/CANDRO/S FHSIN E)PI\ TW=N R(A/BDWN, O(/TI PROSPI/PTEI H( O)/YIS TW=| NE/FEI KA)KEI=QEN A)NAKLA=TAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, KAI\ TOU= [2NE/FOUS]2 SUNEXOU=S GI-NOME/NOU FAI/NONTAI POLLAI\ R(A/BDOI. OU(/TW GA\R GI/NONTAI KAI\ E)N U(/DATI KAI\ A)NAKLWME/NHS O)/YEWS E)PI\ TO\ NE/FOS: H( GA\R A)PO\ KA/TWQEN E)PI\ TA\ A)/NW GINO-ME/NH A)NA/KLASIS R(A/BDWN E)N TW=| U(/DATI DO/KHSIN PARE/XEI. OU(/TW ME\N O( *)AFRO-DISIEU/S. O( ME/NTOI ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS A)/RISTA KAI\ PERI\ TOU/TWN FERO/MENOS OU)K A)NE/XETAI TOU= E)CHGHTOU= DIA\ TO\ EI)S A)/TOPA PERIBA/LLESQAI TA\ *)ARISTOTE/LOUS. E)/DEI GA\R MH\ R(A/BDOUS FAI/NESQAI, A)LLA\ KUKLIKO\N SXH=MA DIA\ TO\ KA/TOPTRON, E)F' O(\ A)NAKLA=TAI, KUKLIKO\N EI)=NAI. TA/XA GA\R OU) DI' A)/LLO H( I)=RIS KAI\ H( A(/LWS KUKLIKA\ E)FAI/NETO EI) MH\ DIA\ TOU=TO. KAI\ E)/XEIS FUSIKH\N AI)TI/AN TOU= KUKLIKOU= KAI\ TH=S A(/LW KAI\ TH=S I)/RIDOS SXH/MATOS, W(S MHDE\ TH=S GRAMMIKH=S E)KEI/NHS A)PODEI/CEWS DEI=SQAI TH=S KUKLIKA\ TAU=TA DEIKNUOU/SHS. OU(/TWS A)PORH/-SAS PRO\S TH\N *)ALECA/NDROU E)CH/GHSIN E)PA/GEI TH\N OI)KEI/AN PERI\ TOU/TOU KRI/SIN KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI AI( R(A/BDOI GI/NONTAI OU) PROSPIPTOU/SHS TH=S O)/YEWS PRO\S TO\ NE/FOS KA)KEI=QEN A)NAKLWME/NHS PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, A)LL' A)PO\ NE/FOS EI)S NE/FOS PROSPIPTOU/SHS TH=S O)/YEWS KA)KEI=QEN A)NAKLWME/NHS PRO\S E(/TERON NE/FOS LEU-KO/N. TOU=TO DE\ KATASKEUA/ZEI E)K DU/O TRO/PWN, E(NO\S ME\N TOU= E)K TH=S A)NALO-GI/AS TH=S LEGOU/SHS, O(/TI W(/SPER E)N TW=| U(/DATI PROSPIPTOU/SHS TH=S O)/YEWS KAI\ A)NAKLWME/NHS PRO\S TO\ NE/FOS GI/NONTAI R(A/BDOI XWRI\S H(LI/OU, OU(/TW KAI\ E)N-TAU=QA XRH\ KATA\ TH\N AU)TH\N TA/CIN XWRI\S H(LI/OU R(A/BDOUS GI/NESQAI, W(S KAI\ TA\ FAINO/MENA MARTUREI=: KAI\ GA\R XWRI\S H(LI/OU R(A/BDOI W)/FQHSAN POLLA/KIS. OU(/TW ME\N E)K TH=S A)NALOGI/AS TOU= *)ARISTOTELIKOU= PARADEI/GMATOS, PRO\S O(/ TINES PEIRW=NTAI A)NTILE/GEIN, O(/TI *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)/FH PRO\S TO\N H(/LION A)NAKLA=SQAI: O(/MWS ME/NTOI SU/MFWNA KAI\ TW=| FILOSO/FW| LE/GEIN OU)K H)PO/RHSEN O( ME/GAS OU(=- @1TOS A)NH/R. FHSI\ GOU=N, O(/TI H(/LION NU=N E)KA/LESEN *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\ LEUKO\N NE/FOS. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO OU)K A)/TOPON, DH=LON E)K TH=S A)NALOGI/AS, W(S LHFQE/NTOS PARA-DEI/GMATOS TOU= E)N TW=| U(/DATI. LOIPO\N DE\ KAI\ E)K TH=S SUNHQEI/AS EI)W/QAMEN TA\ KATALAMBANO/MENA U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU H(/LION KALEI=N. OU(/TW GA\R E)CATMI/ZESQAI/ TI H)\ QERMAI/NESQAI BOULO/MENOI E)PITRE/POMEN E)N TW=| H(LI/W| A)POTI/QESQAI TO\N U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU KATALAMBANO/MENON TO/PON H(/LION KALOU=NTES. KAI\ E)K TH=S SUSTA/-SEWS DE\ TW=N NEFW=N TO\ AU)TO\ DEI/KNUSI. BOU/LETAI GA\R O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS TA\S ME\N R(A/BDOUS E)PI\ A)NWMA/LOIS NE/FESI SUNI/STASQAI KAI\ MH\ PUKNOI=S: O(/PER KAI\ AU)TO\ DH=LO/N E)STIN AI)/TION TOU= MH\ A)NAKLA=SQAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION TH\N O)/YIN E)PI\ TW=N R(A/BDWN. PROSPI/PTOUSA GA\R H( O)/YIS A)/LLW| NE/FEI, A)\N OU(/TW TU/XH| ME/-LANI, KAI\ A)NAKLWME/NH E)PI\ TO\ LEUKO\N NE/FOS POIEI= TA\S R(A/BDOUS DIA\ TAU/THN TH\N A)NWMALI/AN TW=N NEFW=N KAI\ POIKI/LLONTAI KATA\ TH\N XROIA\N AI( R(A/BDOI. EI) GA\R PRO\S LEUKO\N % A)NAKLASQEI=SA H( O)/YIS PROSPESOU=SA ME/LANI, POIEI= TO\ FOINIKOU=N XRW=MA: EI) DE\ KATA\ A)/LLO A)PO\ LEUKOU= MH\ KATAKRATOU=NTOS, TO\ CANQO/N: KRATOUME/NOU DE\ TOU= LEUKOU= U(PO\ TOU= ME/LANOS TO\ PRA/SINON: E)/TI MA=LLON KRATOUME/NOU TO\ A(LOURGO/N. A)NW/MALA DE\ E)/FH TA\ NE/FH KATA\ TO\ XRW=MA, OU) KATA\ TO\ SXH=MA, E)PEIDH/ E)STI KAI\ KATA\ TO\ SXH=MA A)NW/MALA E)/N-OPTRA, W(/SPER TA\ O)PISQOFANH= LEGO/MENA U(PO\ TW=N KATOPTRIKW=N KAI\ TA\ DECIO-FANH=. E)/STIN OU)=N TOIAU/THN KATASKEUH\N %2, W(S POIEI=N TA\ ME\N DECIA\ FAI/NESQAI E)N TOI=S A)RISTEROI=S, TA\ D' A)RISTERA\ E)N TOI=S DECIOI=S A)NWMA/LOIS KATA\ TO\ SXH=MA TW=N KATO/PTRWN, W(/S POTE KAI\ A)/LLH| KATASKEUH=| E)NO/PTROU XRW/MENOS POIEI=N FAI/NESQAI TH\N ME\N KEFALH\N KA/TW, TO\ DE\ GE/NEION %2%2%2 E)NO/PTROU E)PE/XEIN TA/CIN U(PE/QETO KATA\ TO\ XRW=MA KAI\ KATA\ TH\N SU/NTACIN, OU) KATA\ TO\ SXH=MA. W(/STE DE/DEIKTAI, O(/TI AI( R(A/BDOI GI/NONTAI A)PO\ NE/FOUS EI)S NE/FOS TH=S A)NTANAKLA/SEWS GINOME/NHS, KAI\ O(/TI E)N A)NWMA/LOIS KATA\ TO\ XRW=MA. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ R(A/BDWN. PERI\ DE\ TW=N PARHLI/WN E)KEI=NO XRH\ EI)DE/NAI, O(/TI H( A)NA/KLASIS A)PO\ TOU= NE/FOUS GI/NETAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION TOU= NE/FOUS PUKNOTE/ROU O)/NTOS KAI\ STERE-MNI/OU H)\ KATA\ TO\ E)N TAI=S R(A/BDOIS KAI\ O(MALOU=. DIA\ GA\R TOU=TO KAI\ LEUKO\S FAI/NETAI O( PARH/LIOS, E)PEIDH\ E)PI\ PUKNOU= H( O)/YIS R(A|DI/WS MA=LLON A)NAKLA=TAI KAI\ SUNTO/MWS, A)PO\ DE\ O(MALOU= E(\N KAI\ TAU)TO\N TO\ XRW=MA DIASW/|ZETAI. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N H( A)NA/KLASIS A)PO\ PUKNOU= KAI\ O(MALOU= PRO\S LEUKO\N TO\N H(/LION GI/NETAI, KAI\ O( PARH/LIOS A)/RA O(MO/XROUS TW=| H(LI/W| FANH/SETAI, TOUTE/STI LEUKO/S. OU(/TW OU)=N GI/NETAI H( A)NA/KLASIS E)PI\ PARHLI/WN W(S A)PO\ PUKNOU= XALKOU= KAI\ LEI/OU, TOUTE/STIN E)NO/PTROU: TO\ GA\R E)/NOPTRON XALKOU=N W)NO/MASEN O( FILO/SOFOS. XRH\ OU)=N E)K TW=N EI)RHME/NWN SULLOGI/ZESQAI KA)KEI=NO, O(/TI E)PI\ ME\N TH=S I)/RIDOS U(ETO\N PROMANTEUO/MEQA, E)PI\ DE\ TH=S A(/LW EU)DI/AN, E)PI\ ME/NTOI TW=N PARHLI/WN KAI\ R(A/BDWN TO\ A)NA/PALIN: AI( ME\N R(A/BDOI EU)DIW=N EI)SI\ SHMANTIKAI/, O( DE\ PAR-H/LIOS U(ETOU=. KAI\ H( AI)TI/A PRO/DHLOS. EI) GA\R MANOTE/RWN NEFW=N XREI/A EI)S GE/NESIN KAI\ OU) PUKNW=N, DH=LON O(/TI POLLH\ A)TMI/S E)STIN E)N AU)TOI=S PERIEXO- @1ME/NH: E)PI\ DE\ TOU= PARHLI/OU POLLH\ OU)=SA PUKNO/THS TOU= NE/FOUS U(/DATOS PERI-OUSI/AN DHLOI=, U(F' OU(= KAI\ H( PU/KNWSIS. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TO\N TRO/PON TW=N PAR-HLI/WN KAI\ R(A/BDWN TH=S SUSTA/SEWS MEMAQH/KAMEN, FE/RE KAI\ TO\N TO/PON, E)N W(=| SUSTH=NAI DU/NANTAI, POLUPRAGMONH/SWMEN KATAKOLOUQOU=NTES TH=| LE/CEI. GI/-NONTAI OU)=N AI( R(A/BDOI KAI\ OI( PARH/LIOI OU)/TE KATA\ DIA/METRON OU)/TE KATA\ KA/-QETON. KATA\ DIA/METRON GA\R OU) GI/NONTAI DIA\ TO\ MH\ DU/NASQAI A)PO\ TOSOU/TOU A)NAKLA=SQAI TH\N O)/YIN: A)LLA\ MH\N OU)DE\ KATA\ KA/QETON DIA\ TO\ LU/ESQAI TH\N TW=N NEFW=N SU/STASIN. KAI\ PW=S E)PI\ TH=S I)/RIDOS KATA\ DIA/METRON TH\N A)NA/-KLASIN E)LE/GOMEN GI/NESQAI; H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI E)PI\ ME\N TH=S I)/RIDOS POLU\ KAI\ PU-KNO\N TO\ NE/FOS H)/PER E)PI\ PARHLI/OU, KAI\ TAU/TH| KATA\ DIA/METRON H( A)NA/KLASIS E)GI/NETO. O(PO/TE DE\ KAI\ KATA\ DIA/METRON E)GI/NETO, E)/MELLEN I)=RIS FAI/NESQAI KAI\ OU)DE\N TOU/TWN. O(MOI/WS KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S A(/LW PLEI/WN H)=N H( SU/STASIS TOU= NE/FOUS KAI\ KATA\ KA/QETON AU)TH=| SUNI/STATO. H( GA\R SU/STASIS TW=N NEFW=N H)\ POLLH/ E)STI KAI\ KATA\ KA/QETON KAI\ GI/NETAI A(/LWS, H)\ POLLH\ KAI\ KATA\ DIA/METRON KAI\ GI/NETAI I)=RIS [2H)\]2 E)N E(KATE/RW| O)LI/GH. KAI\ EI) E)N E(KATE/RW| O)LI/GH, H)\ LEPTH\ KAI\ DIESPA-SME/NH KAI\ POIEI= TA\S R(A/BDOUS, H)\ PAXEI=A KAI\ SUNHQROISME/NH KAI\ POIEI= TOU\S PARHLI/OUS. A)LLA\ MH\N OU)D' E)N TOI=S PROHGOUME/NOIS H)\ E(POME/NOIS TOU= H(LI/OU GI/NONTAI AI( R(A/BDOI H)\ OI( PARH/LIOI. E)N ME\N GA\R TOI=S PROHGOUME/NOIS OU) GI/-NONTAI DIA\ TO\ KATALAMBA/NESQAI U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU, OU)/TE D' E)N TOI=S E(POME/NOIS DIA\ TO\ A)FI/STASQAI AU)TW=N TO\N H(/LION, A)LL' E)N TOI=S PLAGI/OIS, TOUTE/STIN E)N TOI=S BOREI/OIS KAI\ E)N TOI=S NOTI/OIS: KAI\ OU)/TE PO/RRW PA/NU DIA\ TO\ A)PO\ SMIKROU= E)NO/PTROU MH\ DU/NASQAI A)NAKLA=SQAI TH\N O)/YIN [1MIKRA\ DE\ E)PI\ TOU/TWN TA\ KA/T-OPTRA A)NA/LOGON E)/FH]1, OU)/TE MH\N E)GGU\S DIA\ TO\ FQA/NEIN DIALU=SAI, A)LL' A)PO\ SUMME/TROU DIASTH/MATOS, W(S A)\N MA=LLON TW=N O)/YEWN E)KEI= A)NTILAMBANOME/NWN. GI/NONTAI DE\ KAI\ PRO\S TW=| A)NATOLIKW=| O(RI/ZONTI KAI\ PRO\S TW=| DUTIKW=|, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ E)N TW=| MESOURANH/MATI. KAI\ H( AI)TI/A PRO/DHLOS. PRO\S GA\R TW=| O(RI/-ZONTI O)/NTOS TOU= H(LI/OU, TOUTE/STI PRO\S A)NATOLA\S H)\ DUSMA/S, W(S DIA\ STENOU= PRO\S TH=| GH=| FE/RETAI H( O)/YIS KAI\ DOKEI= SUGKROTEI=SQAI KAI\ MA=LLON A)NTILAM-BA/NESQAI. KAI\ DIA\ TH\N TOIAU/THN AI)TI/AN KAI\ AI( DIO/PTRAI U(PO\ TW=N MHXANIKW=N E)PINENO/HNTAI, W(S A)\N DIA\ STENOU= FEROME/NH H( O)/YIS E)CIQU/NOITO KAI\ MH\ ME/NOI PERIPLANWME/NH. PRO\S DE\ MESHMBRI/AN O)/NTOS TOU= H(LI/OU EI)S TO\N MESOURA/NION U(P' AU)TOU= KALOU/MENON TO/PON, %2%2 DIA\ TO\ U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU A)MBLU/NESQAI TA\S O)/YEIS KAI\ PRO\S TOU/TOIS DIAXEI=SQAI TH\N O)/YIN KAI\ FE/RESQAI PEPLANHME/NWS EI)S A)XANI/AN TW=N A)KTI/NWN XWROUSW=N. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ PARHLI/WN KAI\ R(A/BDWN. @*)EF' OI(=S O( FILO/SOFOS META\ TO\ PLHRW=SAI TA\ E)N TW=| METEW/RW| GINO/MENA PA/QH U(PO\ TH=S DITTH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS ME/TEISI KAI\ E)PI\ TA\ GINO/MENA PA/QH U(PO\ KATEXOME/NWN E)N TH=| GH=| TW=N DU/O A)NAQUMIA/SEWN. KAI\ MH\ A)PORH/SH|S, PW=S *METE/WRA TO\ BIBLI/ON E)PIGE/GRAPTAI, EI)/ GE TW=N U(PO\ GH=N NU=N POIEI=TAI LO/GON. @1 EI)/RHTAI GA\R O( SKOPO\S TH=S PRAGMATEI/AS, O(/TI BOU/LETAI TA\ E)K TW=N DU/O A)NA-QUMIA/SEWN GINO/MENA PARADOU=NAI, EI)/TE U(PO\ GH=N TUGXA/NOIEN EI)/TE E)N TW=| METEW/RW|. KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO *METE/WRA E)PIGE/GRAPTAI W(S A)\N DITTH=S A)NAQUMIA/-SEWS E)N TW=| METEW/RW| TO/PW| QEOU/SHS. AU(=TAI TOI/NUN AI( A)NAQUMIA/SEIS KAT-EXO/MENAI DU/O TINA\S POIOU=SI DIAFORA/S. U(PO\ ME\N GA\R TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NA-QUMIA/SEWS GI/NETAI TA\ KALOU/MENA U(PO\ *)ARISTOTE/LOUS O)RUKTA/, A(/PER EI)SI\ KAI\ LIQW/DH, KAQA/PER W)/XRA KAI\ QEI=ON KAI\ MI/LTOS KAI\ TA\ TOIAU=TA: TA\ D' E)K TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS GI/NETAI METALLEUTA/, A(/PER KAI\ XEI=TAI KAI\ E)LAU/NETAI. E)/STI D' E)N E(KATE/RA| KAI\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION KAI\ U(LIKO/N. A)LL' E)N ME\N TOI=S O)RUKTOI=S POIHTIKO\N ME\N AI)/TIO/N E)STIN H( QERMO/THS, U(LIKO\N DE\ H( KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS. OU)QE\N OU)=N E)LAU/NETAI: TA\ GA\R QERMW=| PHGNU/MENA E)KEI=NA OU)/TE XEI=TAI OU)/TE E)LAU/-NETAI, W(/SPER PA/LIN TA\ YUXRW=| PHGNU/MENA QERMW=| LU/ETAI: OI(=A/PER E)STI\ TA\ METALLEUTA/, A(/PER E)K TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS GI/NETAI. DIO\ KAI\ E)PI\ TOU/-TWN PA/LIN POIHTIKO\N ME\N AI)/TIO/N E)STIN H( YU/CIS, U(LIKO\N DE\ O( A)TMO/S. OU)K A)NA-LU/ETAI GA/R, EI) MH\ H)=N U(GRO/THS TIS H( TH\N PH=CIN A)NADECAME/NH. TO\ GA\R E)/LAION OU) PH/GNUTAI U(PO\ YU/CEWS, A)LLA\ PAXU/NETAI DIA\ TO\ E)/XEIN E)N E(AUTW=| A)ERW/DH OU)SI/AN. O( ME\N OU)=N *)ARISTOTE/LHS PH/CEI A)TMOU= DOCA/ZEI GI/NESQAI TA\ ME/TALLA, O( ME/NTOI *PLA/TWN E)N *TIMAI/W| PH=CIN U(/DATOS U(PO\ YU/CEWS. KAI\ DOKOU=SI DIAFWNEI=N PRO\S A)LLH/LOUS OI( FILO/SOFOI, OU) DIAFWNOU=SI DE/: KAI\ GA\R O( A)TMO\S U(/DWR E)STI\N TRO/PON TINA/: E)/STI GA\R O( A)TMO\S METACU\ A)E/ROS TE KAI\ U(/DATOS. KATA\ OU)=N TO\ U(DATW=DES GI/NETAI H( PH=CIS KAI\ %2 OU(/TW TA\ ME/TALLA. KAI\ PA/LIN U(/DWR E)STI\ KATA\ *)ARISTOTE/LHN TO\ PHGNU/MENON: TOU=TO OU)=N KAI\ O( *PLA/TWN A)FORW=N PH=CIN U(/DATOS E)/FH TA\ ME/TALLA. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N DEI/KNUNTAI SUMFWNOU=NTES OI( FILO/-SOFOI. PERI\ DE\ TW=N META/LLWN, OI(=ON XALKOU=, SIDH/ROU, MOLI/BDOU, XRUSOU=, TAU=TA LE/GOMEN, O(/TI E)F' W(=N E)STI ME/ROS TI GEW=DES MEMIGME/NON, A)TMIDW/DH E)KEI=NA I)OI= KAI\ KA/ETAI. O( GOU=N SI/DHROS MA=LLON I)OI= KAI\ KA/ETAI W(S A)\N E)K TH=S A)TMI/DOS PAXUTA/THS OU)/SHS PAGEI/S. E)/TI DE\ E)/LATTON O( XALKO\S DIA\ TO\ MA=LLON TOU= SIDH/ROU E)/XEIN TO\ U(GRO/N. KAI\ O( KASSI/TEROS DE\ PA/LIN E)/LATTON I)OI= KAI\ KA/ETAI. O( ME/NTOI XRUSO\S W(S A)\N A)PO\ U(/DATOS KAQAROU= A)TMIDW/DOUS TH\N PH=CIN KTHSA/MENOS OU)/TE I)OU=TAI OU)/TE FQEI/RETAI OU)/TE KA/ETAI. DIA\ GA\R TAU/THN TH\N AI)TI/AN KAI\ BARU/TATO/S E)STI TW=N A)/LLWN W(S A)\N A)PO\ KAQARA=S A)TMI/DOS TH\N PH=CIN A)NADECA/MENOS: E)K POLLH=S GA\R A)TMI/DOS EI)S E(\N SUNAXQEI/SHS KAI\ PILHQEI/SHS GE/GONEN O( XRUSO/S, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO BARU/S E)STI. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N KAQOLIKW=S PERI\ META/LLWN PARADI/DWSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS U(PISXNOU/MENOS KAI\ I)/DIA GRA/FEIN. OU)K E)/GRAYE DE/, O(/SON H(MA=S KAI\ TOU\S PRO\ H(MW=N EI)DE/NAI: O( ME/NTOI TOU/TOU MAQHTH\S *QEO/FRASTOS E)/GRAYEN I)DI/A| PERI\ E(KA/STOU META/LLOU. I)STE/ON DE\ KAI\ TOU=TO, O(/TI O( QEI=OS *PRO/KLOS E)N TOI=S EI)S *TI/MAION U(POMNH/MASIN A)NA/GEI TA\ ME/TALLA EI)S TOU\S E(PTA\ PLANWME/NOUS LE/GWN A)NAKEI=SQAI TO\N ME\N MO/LIBDON TW=| *KRO/NW| DIA\ TO\ BARU\ KAI\ STUGNO\N KAI\ YUXRO/N, TO\ DE\ H)/LEKTRON @1 TW=| *DII\ DIA\ TO\ EU)/KRATON KAI\ ZW|OGO/NON TOU= A)STE/ROS: O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ TO\ MI=GMA: TO\ DE\ MI=GMA TIMIW/TERO/N E)STI XRUSOU= KAI\ EU)/KRATON. TW=| DE\ *)/AREI TO\N SI/DHRON DIA\ TO\ TMHTIKO\N KAI\ O)CU/: H(LI/W| DE\ TO\N XRUSO\N W(SANEI\ PHGH=| FWTO\S O)/NTI: *)AFRODI/TH| DE\ TO\N XALKO\N DIA\ TO\ A)NQHRO\N KAI\ O(/TI PLHSI/ON E)STI\ TOU= H(LI/OU, W(/SPER KAI\ O( XALKO\S TOU= XRUSOU=: *(ERMH=| DE\ TO\N KASSI/TERON DIA\ TO\ DIAFANE\S KAI\ STILPNO/N, A(/MA DE\ KAI\ DIA\ TO\ PLHSI/ON EI)=NAI TH=S SELH/NHS, W(/SPER O( KASSI/TEROS TOU= A)RGU/ROU: TH=| DE\ SELH/NH| TO\N A)/RGURON, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ O( A)/RGUROS PARA\ XRUSW=| TIQE/MENOS DOKEI= KATALA/MPESQAI U(PO\ TOU= XRUSOU= KAI\ FWTEINO/TEROS GI/NESQAI, W(/SPER H( SELH/NH U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU KATALA/MPETAI. TAU=TA KAI\ PERI\ META/LLWN, E)N OI(=S SUMPLHROU=TAI H( PAROU=SA QEWRI/A A(/MA TW=| PARO/NTI LO/GW|. {1<20*TAU/TAS DE\ TA\S AI)TI/AS U(POLHPTE/ON KAI\ PERI\ PARHLI/WN KAI\ R(A/BDWN.>20}1 @*POI/AS; H)\ DHLONO/TI TA\S A)NAKLA/SEIS. {1<20*GI/NETAI GA\R PARH/LIOS ME\N A)NAKLWME/NHS TH=S O)/YEWS PRO\S TO\N H(/LION, R(A/BDOI DE\ DIA\ TO\ PROSPI/PTEIN TOIAU/THN OU)=SAN @TH\N O)/YIN, OI(/AN EI)/POMEN A)EI\ GI/NESQAI PRO\S TO\N H(/LION.>20}1 @*TA\S DE\ R(A/BDOUS GI/NESQAI OU) TH=| PRO\S TO\N H(/LION A)NAKLA/SEI, A)LLA\ TH=| PRO\S E(/TERON NE/FOS LEUKO/N, TOUTE/STIN U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU LELEPTUSME/NON, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N NEFW=N AU)TO\S EI)S PARA/DEIGMA FE/REI TW=N O(RWME/NWN DIA\ U(/DATOS. EI) ME\N GA\R A)/NTIKRUS TA\ NE/FH QEA/SAIO, OU)K %2%2%2 O)FQH/SONTAI R(A/BDOI I)RIO-EIDEI=S E)N TW=| NE/FEI. H( AU)TH\ OU)=N A)NALOGI/A KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N E)N TW=| METARSI/W| R(A/BDWN FULA/TTETAI, W(S KAI\ XWRI\S H(LI/OU GI/NESQAI. {1<20*GI/NETAI DE\ TOU=TO, O(/TAN A)NW/MALOS H)=| TOU= NE/FOUS SU/STASIS.>20}1 @*(ORA=|S, PW=S TH\N A)NWMALI/AN TW=N NEFW=N AI)TIA=TAI E)PI\ TW=N R(A/BDWN. DIA\ TOU=TO GA\R KAI\ POIKI/LA XRW/MATA GI/NONTAI, DIA\ TO\ TINA\ ME\N AU)TW=N EI)=NAI PUKNA/, TINA\ DE\ MANA/, KAI\ A)/LLA E)/TI MANO/TERA, W(S LEUKA\ EI)=NAI. EI) ME\N GA\R PRO\S ME/LAN NE/FOS PROSPESOU=SA H( O)/YIS A)NAKLASQH=| PRO\S LEUKO\N MH\ DIA\ POLLOU= A)XLUW/DOUS A)E/ROS, GI/NETAI FOINIKOU=N XRW=MA: EI) DE\ DIA\ PLEI/-ONOS A)XLU/OS, PRA/SINON: E)K DE\ TH=S TOU/TWN KRA/SEWS TO\ CANQO/N: EI) D' E)/TI PLEI/ONOS A)XLU/OS, TO\ A(LOURGO/N. @1 {1<20*DIAFE/REI GA\R OU)DE\N DIA\ TOIOU/TWN O(RA=N H)\ A)PO\ TOIOU/TWN.>20}1 @*OU)DE\N DIAFE/REI H)\ A)PO\ NEFW=N O(RA=N TA\ I)RIOEIDH= XRW/MATA H)\ DIA\ NEFW=N. <20DIA\>20 ME\N NEFW=N, I(/NA EI)/PH| TH\N E)N TW=| METARSI/W| FANTASI/AN TW=N R(A/BDWN: <20A)PO\>20 DE\ NEFW=N TH\N E)N U(/DATI, O(/TAN KATA\ A)NA/KLASIN TH\N A)PO\ TOU= U(/DATOS O(RW=NTAI. H( ME\N GA\R O(MALO/THS TOU= E)NO/PTROU POIEI= XROIA\N MI/AN: DIA\ DE\ TH\N O(MALO/THTA TOU= NE/FOUS FAI/NETAI MONO/XROUS O( PARH/LIOS: DIA\ DE\ TO\ STEREO\N KAI\ PUKNO\N A)QRO/WS AI( O)/YEIS A)NAKLW=NTAI KAI\ A)KRIBW=S TOU= I)RIO-EIDOU=S XRW/MATOS A)NTILAMBA/NONTAI: KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO LEUKO\S O(RA=TAI. {1<20*DIA\ DE\ TOU=TO MA=LLON U(/DATOS SHMEI=ON O( PARH/LIOS TW=N R(A/BDWN.>20}1 @*DIA\ POI/AN AI)TI/AN; E)PEIDH\ E)PI\ PAXEI= KAI\ SKLHRW=| NE/FEI GI/NETAI, W(S DHLOI= H( R(WMALE/A A)NA/KLASIS. A)EI\ DE\ TA\ PAXE/A NE/FH TOU= LEPTOU= MA=LLON E)PITHDEI/WS E)/XOUSI PRO\S GE/NESIN U(/DATOS. {1<20*(O DE\ NO/TIOS TOU= BOREI/OU MA=LLON, O(/TI MA=LLON O( NO/TIOS A)H\R EI)S U(/DWR METABA/LLEI TOU= PRO\S A)/RKTON.>20}1 @*(O NO/TIOS DE\ PARH/LIOS MA=LLO/N E)STIN U(/DATOS SHMANTIKO/S. <20NO/TION>20 DE\ LE/GEI OU) TH=| QE/SEI, A)LLA\ TO\N U(PO\ NOTI/WN PNEUMA/TWN GINO/MENON. TAU=TA GA\R W)QOU=SI TA\ NE/FH PRO\S A)/RKTON, KA)KEI= YUXO/MENA KAI\ PAXUNO/MENA E)PITH/DEIA GI/NETAI PRO\S U(/DWR, E)PEI/ TOI/ GE E)N TW=| NO/TW| OU)K EU)XERW=S: % SUNI/STATAI GA\R O( H(/LIOS DIA\ TH\N QERMO/THTA TOU= KLI/MATOS: DIALU/ETAI GA\R TO\ NE/FOS, DI' OU(= GI/NETAI H( FANTASI/A H( TOIAU/TH. {1<20*(/OSA ME\N OU)=N E)/RGA SUMBAI/NEI PARE/RXESQAI TH\N E)/K-KRISIN E)N TOI=S TO/POIS TOI=S U(PE\R GH=N, SXEDO/N E)STI TOSAU=TA.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TO\ SUMPE/RASMA TW=N E)N TW=| METARSI/W| TO/PW| GINOME/NWN U(PO\ TH=S DITTH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. LOIPO\N DIALE/GETAI KAI\ PERI\ TW=N GINOME/NWN U(P' AU)TW=N U(PO\ GH=N KRATOUME/NWN KAI\ MH\ DIAFOROUME/NWN. PROSE/QHKE DE\ TO\ <20SXEDO\N>20 H)\ DIA\ FILOSOFI/AS EU)LA/BEIAN H)\ DIA\ TO\ MH\ PA/NTA EI)RHKE/NAI TA\ SXH/MATA TW=N KOMHTW=N. @1 {1<20*(H ME\N OU)=N CHRA\ A)NAQUMI/ASIS E)KPUROU=SA POIEI= TA\ O)RUKTA\ PA/NTA, OI(=ON LI/QWN TE GE/NH KAI\ O(/SA THKTA/, KAI\ SANDA-RA/XHN KAI\ W)/XRAN KAI\ MI/LTON KAI\ QEI=ON KAI\ TA\ A)/LLA TA\ TOIAU=TA.>20}1 @*(H KAPNW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS E)KPUROUME/NH KAI\ PERIFRUTTOME/NH POIEI= PA/NTA TA\ LIQW/DH, OI(=ON KRU/STALLON H)\ A)/LLOUS LI/QOUS TINA/S: POIEI= DE\ KAI\ TA\ NU=N LEGO/MENA, A(/PER BOU/LETAI TH/KESQAI. DIA\ GA\R TOU= EI)PEI=N, O(/TI POIEI= <20LI/QWN GE/NH TA\ A)/THKTA, POIEI= DE\ KAI\ SANDARA/XHN>20 KAI\ TA\ LOIPA/, DH=LO/S E)STIN E)NDIDOU\S TW=| LO/GW| W(S THKOME/NWN AU)TW=N. A)LLA\ TO\ ME\N QEI=ON I)/SMEN THKO/MENON, PERI\ DE\ TW=N A)/LLWN ZHTHTE/ON. MH/TIS DE\ A)POREI/TW, PW=S TAU=TA TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS O)/NTA TH/KONTAI. SUNA/GETAI GA\R U(PO\ YU/CEWS AU)TA\ PEPH=XQAI: LE/GOMEN GA/R, O(/TI TA\ ME/TALLA XEI=TAI, TAU=TA DE\ TH/-KONTAI: KAI\ I)/SWS KATA\ TH\N SUNEKTIKH\N AU)TW=N U(GRO/THTA TH/KONTAI. {1<20*TA\ DE\ PLEI=STA TW=N O)RUKTW=N TA\ ME\N KONI/A KEXRWMATI-SME/NH, TA\ DE\ LI/QOS E)K TOIAU/THS GE/GONE SUSTA/SEWS, OI(=ON TO\ KINNA/BARI.>20}1 @*TA\ PLEI=STA, FHSI/, TW=N O)RUKTW=N E)STI <20KONI/A KEXRWMATISME/NH>20 A)NTI\ TOU= "3KONIW/DH KEXRWSME/NA"3, OI(=ON MI/LTOS KAI\ W)/XRA: YAMMW/DH GA/R EI)SI KAI\ EU)DIA/LUTA, W(/SPER KO/NIS. TINA\ DE\ LIQW/DH EI)SI/N, W(/SPER TO\ KINNA/BARI, O(/PER E)STI\N E)RUQRO\N KAI\ LIQW=DES: W(S O(RW=MEN KAI\ A)/LLOUS TINA\S KEXRWSME/NOUS LI/QOUS, W(=N H( ME\N SU/STASIS E)K TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS GI/NETAI, TA\ DE\ XRW/MATA AU)TW=N E)K TW=N A)NAQUMIWME/NWN TO/PWN. {1<20*TH=S DE\ A)NAQUMIA/SEWS TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS, O(/SA METALLEU/-ETAI, KAI\ E)/STI XUTA\ H)\ E)LATA/, OI(=ON SI/DHROS, XRUSO/S, XALKO\S KAI\ TA\ TOIAU=TA.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI H( A)TMIDW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS E)GKATAKLEIOME/NH TH=| GH=|, KAI\ MA/LISTA O(/TAN E)N LIQW/DESI ME/RESI KAI\ YUXROI=S TH=S GH=S A)POKLEISQH=|, PH/GNU-TAI/ TE KAI\ POIEI= TA\ ME/TALLA. KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO TAU=TA QERMW=| LU/ONTAI W(S U(PO\ YU/CEWS PAGE/NTA. ME/GISTON DE\ TEKMH/RION TOU= U(PO\ YU/CEWS A)NAPH/GNU-SQAI TO\ E)N KATAYU/XROIS TO/POIS GI/NESQAI TA\ TOIAU=TA ME/TALLA. @1 {1<20*OI(=ON DRO/SOS H)\ PA/XNH, O(/TAN A)POKRIQH=|. E)NTAU=QA DE\ KAI\ PRI\N A)POKRIQH=NAI GENNA=TAI TAU=TA.>20}1 @*TAU/THN TH\N LE/CIN E)CHGEI=TAI O( *)AFRODISIEU\S OU(/TWS: PH/GNUTAI U(PO\ GH=N TAU=TA, W(/SPER E)N TOI=S U(PE\R GH=N XWRI/OIS PA/XNH KAI\ KRU/STALLOS, O(/TAN A)PO-KRIQH=| A)TMIDW/DHS A)NAQUMI/ASIS A)PO\ TOU= PRO\S GH=N EI)S TO\N U(PE\R GH=N TO/PON. KAI\ PH=CIN EU)QU\S DECAME/NH POIEI= PA/XNHN, METABLHQEI=SA DE\ POIEI= DRO/SON, METABLHQEI=SA DE\ KAI\ PAGEI=SA POIEI= KRU/STALLON, MH/PW DE\ A)POKRIQEI=SA, A)LL' E)/TI U(PO\ GH=N OU)=SA KAI\ PAGEI=SA U(PO\ YU/CEWS POIEI= TA\ ME/TALLA. A)PO-ROU=SI DE\ % AU)TW=N TINES W(S MH\ DEO/NTWS E)CHGHSA/MENOI. OU)/TE GA\R W(/SPER O( KRU/STALLOS PH/GNUTAI, OU(/TW KAI\ TA\ ME/TALLA LE/GEI. 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E)PI\ DE\ TW=N META/LLWN U(PO\ GH=N OU)SW=N TW=N DU/O A)NAQUMIA/SEWN GI/NETAI TA\ ME/TALLA E)PIPHGNUME/NHS TH=S A)TMIDW/DOUS A)NA-QUMIA/SEWS PRINH\ A)POKRIQH=NAI A)P' AU)TH=S TH\N KAPNW/DH A)NAQUMI/ASIN. E)N-TEU=QEN TO\ KA/ESQAI KAI\ I)OU=SQAI E)/XOUSI TA\ ME/TALLA. {1<20*DIO\ E)/STIN W(S U(/DWR TAU=TA, E)/STI D' W(S OU)/. DUNA/MEI ME\N GA\R H( U(/LH U(/DATOS, E)/STI D' OU)KE/TI, OU)D' E)C U(/DATOS GENOME/NOU DIA\ TO\ BA/QOS.>20}1 @*TOU=TO/ E)STIN, O(/PER E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| E)LE/GOMEN, O(/TI O( ME\N *PLA/TWN PH=CIN U(/DATOS LE/GEI EI)=NAI TA\ ME/TALLA, O( D' *)ARISTOTE/LHS PH=CIN A)TMOU=. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI KATA/ TI ME\N U(/DATOS PH=CI/S E)STI TAU=TA, KATA/ TI DE\ OU)/. KAQO\ ME\N GA\R KAI\ O( A)TMO\S O( PHGNU/MENOS E)C U(/DATO/S E)STI, KATA\ TOU=TO KAI\ TA\ ME/TALLA U(/DWR E)STI\ PEPHGO\S U(PO\ YU/CEWS: KAQO\ D' A)/NTIKRUS, U(/DWR E)STI/N, A)LLA\ DUNA/MEI U(/DWR, LEPTOMERE/STERON TOU= E)NERGEI/A| U(/DATOS: A)TMO\S GA/R E)STI MH/PW METABLHQEI\S EI)S U(/DWR DIA/ TINA PERI/STASIN. 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OU)/TE MH\N PERI\ TW=N A(PLW=S A)NOMOIOMERW=N DIALE/GETAI: PRW=TON ME\N E)PEIDH\ OU)K EI)SI\N A(PLW=S A)NOMOIOMERH=, EI)/ GE TA\ A)/YUXA OU)K EI)SI/N, A)LLA\ MO/NA TA\ E)/MYUXA [1TO\ DE\ KAQ' E(NO\S EI)/DOUS LEGO/MENON OU) DU/NATAI EI)=NAI A(PLW=S, A)LL' AU)TO\ MO/NON EI)=DOS TOU= A(PLW=S E)PI\ PLEIO/NWN QE/LONTOS U(PA/RXEIN EI)DW=N]1: DEU/-TERON DE\ KAI\ O(/TI OU)X EU(RI/SKEI KOINOU\S LO/GOUS U(PA/RXONTAS E)PI\ PA/NTWN A)NO-MOIOMERW=N. PERI\ ME/NTOI TW=N E)MYU/XWN A)NOMOIOMERW=N DIALE/GETAI E)N TH=| *PERI\ ZW/|WN MORI/WN: W(/STE KOINW=S E)N E)KEI/NH| TH=| PRAGMATEI/A| DIALAMBA/NEI PERI\ PA/NTWN TW=N E)MYU/XWN O(MOIOMERW=N TE KAI\ A)NOMOIOMERW=N, W(/STE SKOPO\N EI)=NAI E)NTAU=QA TW=| FILOSO/FW| DIALEXQH=NAI PERI\ PA/NTWN A(PLW=S O(MOIOMERW=N TW=N GINOME/NWN E)K TW=N TESSA/RWN STOIXEI/WN. A)LL' EI) TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, A)POROU=SI LOIPO\N PERI\ TH=S TA/CEWS, KAI\ DIA\ POI/AN AI)TI/AN MH\ TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S SUNETA/TTETO TA\ E)NTAU=QA LEGO/MENA, EI) GA\R E)N E)KEI/NW| DIALE/GETAI PERI\ TW=N TESSA/RWN STOIXEI/WN KAI\ E)XRH=N DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ PERI\ TW=N GINOME/NWN E)C AU)TW=N DIALEXQH=NAI. KAI\ EI)KO/TWS H)PATH/QHSAN, E)PEIDH\ E)K PROOIMI/WN EU)QU\S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS OI(=ON A)NAKEFALAI/WSIN POIEI=TAI TW=N EI)RHME/NWN E)N TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S PERI\ TW=N STOIXEI/WN. O(/QEN KAI\ O( E)CHGHTH\S TOU= PAR-O/NTOS BIBLI/OU *)ALE/CANDROS E)KEI/NH| TH=| PRAGMATEI/A| TO\ PARO\N BIBLI/ON H)CI/OU SUNA/PTESQAI. LE/GOMEN D' H(MEI=S, O(/TI TRIW=N OU)SW=N PRAGMATEIW=N PERI\ TW=N STOIXEI/WN KAI\ E)N ME\N TH=| *PERI\ OU)RANOU= DIDA/SKONTOS AU)TOU=, O(/TI OU) GI/-NONTAI TA\ STOIXEI=A, E)N DE\ TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S, O(/PWS EI)DOPOIEI=TAI, E)N DE\ TAU/TH|, O(/PWS PAQAI/NETAI, EI)/PER PROETA/TTETO OU(=TOS O( LO/GOS TW=N A)/LLWN TRIW=N BIBLI/WN TW=N *METEW/RWN, E)/MELLE DIAKO/PTESQAI H( QEWRI/A H( PERI\ TW=N % EI)DOPOIOUME/NWN PAQAINOME/NWN STOIXEI/WN. E)XRH=N GA\R METACU\ TOU= O(/PWS OU) GI/NETAI TA\ STOIXEI=A KAI\ O(/PWS EI)DOPOIEI=TAI EI)=NAI TH\N PERI\ TOU= O(/PWS PAQAI/- @1NONTAI: PRO/TERON GA\R PAQAI/NETAI KAI\ OU(/TWS EI)DOPOIEI=TAI. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TH=S LE/CEWS. @*PERI\ DE\ TESSA/RWN TINW=N DIALE/GETAI E)NTAU=QA O( FILO/SOFOS: PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI TESSA/RWN OU)SW=N POIOTH/TWN DU/O ME/N EI)SI POIHTIKA\ AI)/TIA, TO/ TE QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO\N POIHTIKA\ O)/NTA KAI\ DRASTIKA/ [1E(TOI/MWS METABA/LLOUSI, KAI\ TOU/-TWN U(PERBOLAI\ FQEI/ROUSI TO\ ZW=|ON]1, TO\ DE\ CHRO\N KAI\ U(GRO\N U(LIKA\ O)/NTA KAI\ PAQHTIKA/. E)N TOU/TOIS U(LIKWTE/RA MA=LLON H( U(GRO/THS H)/PER H( CHRO/THS W(S KAI\ MA=LLON EI)/KOUSA: U(/LHS ME\N GA\R TO\ EI)/KEIN, POIHTIKH=S DE\ AI)TI/AS TO\ A)NTI-BAI/NEIN. OU(/TW GOU=N KAI\ I)ATRW=N PAI=DE/S FASIN, O(/TI R(A=|ON TA\ U(GRANQE/NTA CH-RAI/NEIN H)/PER TA\ CHRANQE/NTA U(GRA=NAI. KAI\ H( ME\N U(GRO/THS E)KLU/EI, EI)/TE TOI=S KOU/FOIS PROSTEQH=| KAI\ A)NWFO/ROIS, H(=TTON AU)TOI=S POIOU=SA FE/RESQAI, E)/N TE TOI=S BA/RESIN AU)TA\ A)RGO/TERON POIOU=SA KA/TW FE/RESQAI. TO\ ME/NTOI CHRO\N E)N E(KATE/RW| TOU/TWN PROTIQE/MENON E)PITEI/NEI AU)TOU= TH\N FORA/N. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI U(LIKO\N TO\ U(GRO/N, TO\ DE\ CHRO\N H(=TTON. KAI\ E)N TOI=S POIHTIKOI=S DE\ MA=LLON POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION TO\ QERMO\N H)/PER TO\ YUXRO/N. KAI\ TOU=TO ME\N PRW=TON PARA-DI/DWSIN E)N TW=| PARO/NTI BIBLI/W|. DEU/TERON DE\ PARADI/DWSI TA\ E)/RGA TOU= QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU=. TW=| ME\N QERMW=| GI/NETAI H( PE/YIS, H(=| E(/PETAI TRI/A TINA/: PE/PANSIS, E(/YHSIS, O)/PTHSIS: TW=| DE\ YUXRW=| GI/NETAI H( A)PEYI/A, H(=| PARA/KEITAI TRI/A TINA/: W)MO/THS, MO/LUNSIS, PA/XUNSIS. KAI\ H( ME\N W)MO/THS A)NTI/KEITAI TH=| PEPA/NSEI: OU(/TW GA\R LE/GOMEN E)PI\ TW=N KARPW=N, O(/TI H)\ PE/PEIROI/ EI)SIN H)\ W)MOI/. H( DE\ MO/LUNSIS A)NTI/KEITAI TH=| E(YH/SEI: TA\ GA\R MH\ E(YHQE/NTA MEMOLU/NQAI LE/GOMEN MO/NON PRO\S A)NTIDIASTOLH\N TW=N E(YOME/NWN. H( DE\ PA/XUNSIS A)NTI/KEITAI TH=| O)PTH/SEI STA/SIN E)RGAZOME/NH TOU= PURO\S KAI\ PAU/OUSA AU)TO/. TOU=TO ME\N DEU/-TERON PARADI/DWSI. TRI/TON, O(/TI POIEI= ME\N TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO/N, PA/SXEI DE\ TO\ CHRO\N KAI\ U(GRO/N. TE/TARTON DIAGNWSTIKOU\S KANO/NAS PARADI/DWSI TW=N GINOME/NWN U(PO\ TOU= QERMOU= KAI\ TOU= YUXROU=, KAI\ TI/NA ME\N QERMW=| PH/GNUTAI, TI/NA DE\ YUXRW=|, KAI\ POI=AI TOU/TWN DIAGNW/SEIS, KAI\ TI/NA ME\N CHRW=|, TI/NA DE\ U(GRW=|, TI/NA D' E)C A)MFOI=N TOU/TWN. KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N H( PERIPE/TEIA TOU= TETA/RTOU LO/GOU. H( DE\ PROKEIME/NH LE/CIS TH\N KATASKEUH\N TOU= PRW/TOU PARADI/DWSIN, O(/TI DU/O ME\N TA\ POIHTIKA\ AI)/TIA, TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO/N, DU/O DE\ TA\ U(LIKA/, CHRO\N KAI\ U(GRO/N. KAI\ O(/TI POIHTIKA/ EI)SI TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N, KATA-SKEUA/ZEI PRW=TON ME\N E)K TH=S E)PAGWGH=S, O(/TI E(KA/TERON TW=N DU/O, TOU= TE QERMOU= KAI\ TOU= YUXROU=, E(PTA/ TINA E)/XEI. PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI TO\ QERMO\N O(RI/ZEI TO\ U(GRO/N, W(/SPER TA\ W)|A/, W(=N EI)SI TA\ U(GRA\ E)N TH=| E(YH/SEI PERIORI/ZEI PHGNU/ON. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO\N PERIORI/ZEI TO\ U(GRO\N E)N TW=| PHGNU/EIN TO\ KRU/STALLON. DEU/TERON DE\ O(/TI TO\ QERMO\N SUMFU/EI. A)LLA\ MH\N TO\ ME\N QERMO\N TA\ O(MOIO-EIDH= MO/NA SUMFU/EI, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ TA\ A)NOMOIOEIDH= SUNE/RXETAI TW=N A)NO-MOIOEIDW=N U(FIZANO/NTWN KAI\ MENO/NTWN KAI\ TAU/TH| MH\ SUMFUOME/NWN: O(/QEN @1 TO\N A)/RGURON DIAKRI/NEI A)PO\ TOU= XRUSOU=. TO\ ME/NTOI YUXRO\N KAI\ O(MOIOEIDW=N KAI\ A)NOMOIOEIDW=N E)STI SUMFUTIKO/N, O(/QEN E)N TH=| XIO/NI KAI\ KA/RFH TINA\ EU(RI/-SKETAI. TRI/TON, O(/TI TO\ QERMO\N METABA/LLEI EI)S CHRO\N TO\ U(GRO/N: O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N. TE/TARTON, O(/TI TO\ QERMO\N U(GRAI/NEI DIA\ TO\ XEI=N: A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ YUXRO\N U(GRAI/NEI DIA\ TO\ A)POKLEI/EIN TH\N U(GRO/THTA. PE/MPTON, O(/TI TO\ QERMO\N CHRAI/NEI, W(S DHLOU=SI TA\ E)N QERMW=| A)E/RI TIQE/MENA I(MA/TIA: A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ YUXRO\N CHRAI/NEI: O(RW=MEN GA\R TA\ U(GRA\ I(MA/TIA KAI\ E)N YU/CEI CHRAINO/MENA. E(/KTON, O(/TI TO\ QERMO\N SKLHRU/NEI, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N E(YOME/NWN W)|W=N: A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N, W(S E)PI\ KRUSTA/LLOU: KAT' A)/LLHN GA\R I)DIO/THTA TAU=TA O(RI/ZEI KAI\ KAT' A)/LLHN SKLHRU/NEI. E(/BDOMON, O(/TI TO\ QERMO\N MALA/TTEI, W(/SPER E)PI\ CU/LWN KAI\ KERA/TWN DIA\ TO\ XEI=N TH\N U(GRO/THTA TOU/TWN: A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ YUXRO\N DIA\ TO\ A)POKLEI/EIN TH\N U(GRO/THTA. W(/STE E(PTA\ EI)=NAI TA\ PA/NTA, PLH\N EI) MH\ QE-LH/SEI TO\ METABA/LLEIN PERIGRA/YAI KAI\ E(\C AU)TA\ A)PARIQMH/SASQAI, O(/TI META-BA/LLEI TAU=TA DIA\ TO\ CHRAI/NEIN KAI\ U(GRAI/NEIN H)/TOI MALA/TTEIN, W(S TO\ META-BA/LLEIN E)N TOU/TOIS TOI=S DU/O PERIE/XESQAI, TW=| TE CHRAI/NEIN KAI\ MALA/TTEIN. O(/TAN DE\ LE/GW, O(/TI TAU=TA E)RGA/ZETAI TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO/N, KAI\ TO\ ME\N QERMO\N YU/XEI H)\ U(GRAI/NEI, TO\ DE\ YUXRO\N QERMAI/NEI H)\ CHRAI/NEI H)/ TI TOIOU=TON POIEI=, OU) KATA\ PRW=TON LO/GON TAU=TA POIEI=N LE/GW AU)TA/, A)LLA\ KATA\ SUMBE-BHKO\S DIA\ ME/SOU TINO/S, E)PEI/ TOI/ GE KAQ' AU(TO\ KAI\ PRW/TWS TO\ ME\N QERMO\N QERMAI/NEI, TO\ YUXRO\N YU/XEI. KAI\ OU(/TW ME\N E)K TH=S E)PAGWGH=S DEI/KNUSIN O( FILO/SOFOS POIHTIKA\ O)/NTA TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N. LOIPO\N DE\ KAI\ E)K TOU= LO/GOU DEI/KNUSIN OU(/TWS, O(/TI EI) TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO\N O(RISTIKA/ TE KAI\ SUG-KRITIKA/ EI)SI TOU= CHROU= KAI\ TOU= U(GROU=, TO\ DE\ O(RI/ZEIN KAI\ SUGKRI/NEIN POI-HTIKW=N AI)TIW=N I)/DIO/N E)STI, DH=LON O(/TI POIHTIKA\ AI)/TIA/ EI)SI TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N. KAI\ PA/LIN EI) TO\ CHRO\N KAI\ U(GRO\N O(RI/ZONTAI PARA\ TOU= YUXROU= KAI\ QERMOU=, KAI\ TO\ ME\N U(GRO\N TW=| OI)KEI/W| E)STI\ DUSO/RISTON, TW=| DE\ A)LLOTRI/W| EU)-O/RISTON, TO\ DE\ CHRO\N TW=| ME\N OI)KEI/W| O(/RW| EU)O/RISTON, TW=| DE\ A)LLOTRI/W| DUS-O/RISTON, TO\ DE\ O(RI/ZESQAI U(LIKW=N PAQHTIKW=N E)STI STOIXEI/WN, DH=LON O(/TI U(LIKA/ EI)SIN AI)/TIA TO\ CHRO\N KAI\ TO\ U(GRO/N. TAU=TA PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*)EPEIDH\ TE/TTARA TA\ AI)/TIA DIW/RISTAI TW=N STOIXEI/WN.>20}1 @*TW=N STOIXEI/WN AI)/TIA LE/GEI TA\S EI)DOPOIOU\S AU)TW=N POIO/THTAS, LE/GW DH\ TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO\N KAI\ CHRO\N KAI\ U(GRO/N, W(=N AI( ME\N DRASTIKAI/, AI( DE\ U(LIKAI\ KATA\ SUZUGI/AN. QERMO/THS GA\R KAI\ YUXRO/THS U(/DATI KAI\ PURI\ A)PONE-NE/MHNTAI EI)DOPOIOI\ AI)TI/AI, CHRO/THS DE\ KAI\ U(GRO/THS A)E/RI KAI\ GH=|. @1 {1<20*(H DE\ PI/STIS TOU/TWN E)K TH=S E)PAGWGH=S.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN A)/RXETAI KATASKEUA/ZEIN, O(/TI DRASTIKA\ ME\N TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO/N, U(LIKA\ DE\ TO\ CHRO\N KAI\ TO\ U(GRO/N, <20E)K TH=S E)PAGWGH=S,>20 TOUT-E/STIN E)K TW=N FAINOME/NWN. H( DE\ AU)TH\ DEI=CIS KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N U(LIKW=N: E)N OI(=S GA\R A)\N W)/FQHSAN AI( DRASTIKAI\ POIOU=SAI, E)N TOU/TOIS O(RW=NTAI AI( U(LIKAI\ PA/SXOUSAI. {1<20*FAI/NETAI GA\R E)N PA=SIN H( ME\N QERMO/THS KAI\ YUXRO/THS O(RI/ZOUSAI KAI\ SUMFU/OUSAI>20 KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S.}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN O( KATA/LOGOS E)KEI/NWN TW=N % ZW/|WN POIOU=SI ME\N TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO/N, PA/SXOUSI DE\ TO\ CHRO\N KAI\ U(GRO/N. PLH\N EI) KAI\ TA\ AU)TA\ POI-OU=SI TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N, A)LL' OU)=N A)/LLW| KAI\ A)/LLW| LO/GW|. {1<20*)/ETI D' E)K TW=N LO/GWN DH=LON.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN H( DIA\ TOU= LO/GOU A)PO/DEICIS. E)DEI/XQH TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO\N O(RISTIKO/N TE KAI\ SUGKRITIKO/N. TO\ D' AU)TO\ POIOU=N POIHTIKO/N E)STI: POIH-TIKO\N A)/RA AI)/TION A)\N EI)/H TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO/N, U(LIKO\N DE\ TO\ CHRO\N KAI\ U(GRO/N. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*DIWRISME/NWN DH\ TOU/TWN LHPTE/ON TA\S E)RGASI/AS AU)TW=N.>20}1 @*DIA\ TOU/TWN DEI/KNUSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, O(/TI POIHTIKA\ AI)/TIA/ EI)SI TO\ QER-MO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI TO\ QERMO\N AI)/TIO/N E)STI GENE/SEWS KAI\ PE/YEWS KAI\ AU)CH/SEWS KAI\ A)LLOIW/SEWS KAI\ PA/SHS A)/LLHS METABOLH=S E)PI\ TW=N E)MYU/XWN. KAI\ TA\ ZW=|A MA=LLON A)POKLI/NOUSI PRO\S TO\ QERMO/N: A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO\N AI)/TIO/N E)STI, FHSI/, GENE/SEWS, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N KERA/MWN. DEI= GA\R PRW=TON U(PO\ YU/CEWS PAGH=NAI TO\N PHLO/N, EI)=Q' OU(/TWS E)N TH=| KAMI/NW| O)PTHQH=NAI: EI) MH\ GA\R E)PA/GH PRW=TON, OU)K H)DU/NATO R(UQMISQH=NAI TO\ SXH=MA TOU= KERA/MOU, O(/POU GE KAI\ META\ TO\ PAGH=NAI KAT' A)RXA\S E)N TH=| O)PTH/SEI DIA-STRE/FETAI POLLA/KIS XEOME/NHS TH=S E)N AU)TW=| U(GRO/THTOS, U(/STERON DE\ DIAFOROU-ME/NHS TAU/THS E)N TH=| TELEI/A| O)PTH/SEI KATORQOU=TAI TO\ SXH=MA. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ FQORA=S AI)TI/A GI/NETAI H( QERMO/THS. DIAFOROUME/NOU GA\R TOU= OI)KEI/OU QERMOU= U(PO\ TOU= E)N TW=| PERIE/XONTI KATA\ FU/SIN QERMOU= KAI\ SUNUPA/GONTOS E(AUTW=| U(GRO/THTA, H(/TIS O)/XHMA E(AUTW=| GI/NETAI, KATALIMPA/NETAI YUXRO/THS PLE/ON @1 OU)=SA H)\ KATA\ TH\N SUNOU=SAN QERMO/THTA, KAI\ LOIPO\N KRATOU=NTOS E)N TOU/TOIS TOU= YUXROU= FQORA\ GI/NETAI H( KATA\ FU/SIN. KATA\ FU/SIN DE\ KALOU=MEN TH\N KATA\ SH=YIN, H(/TIS GI/NETAI TOU= ME\N OI)KEI/OU QERMOU= A)SQENOU=NTOS KAI\ TH=S FUSIKH=S U(GRO/THTOS O)LIGOUME/NHS DIA\ TO\ SUNDIAFOREI=SQAI TW=| OI)KEI/W| QERMW=|, KRATOU=NTOS DE\ TOU= PARA\ FU/SIN QERMOU= KAI\ A)LLOTRI/OU KAI\ TOU= OI)KEI/OU YU-XROU=: KATA\ FU/SIN TAU/THN KALOU=MEN TH\N FQORA/N. LE/GW DH\ TH\N KATA\ SH=YIN GINOME/NHN PRO\S A)NTIDIASTOLH\N TH=S DI' E)/GKAUSIN GINOME/NHS: E)KEI/NH GA\R BI/-AIO/S E)STI KAI\ PARA\ FU/SIN. KAI\ OU(/TW ME\N H(MEI=S TH\N DIA\ SH/YEWS FQORA/N FAMEN E)GGI/NESQAI A)SQENOU=NTOS ME\N TOU= OI)KEI/OU QERMOU= KAI\ U(GROU=, KATAKRA-TOU=NTOS DE\ TOU= A)LLOTRI/OU QERMOU= KAI\ TOU= OI)KEI/OU YUXROU=. OI( ME/NTOI I)ATRIKOI\ OU)K A)NE/XONTAI U(PO\ TH=S PLEONECI/AS TOU= OI)KEI/OU YUXROU= KAI\ A)SQE-NEI/AS TOU= OI)KEI/OU QERMOU= GI/NESQAI TH\N SH=YIN. OU) GA\R PA/NTWS, FASI/N, H( A)SQE/NEIA TOU= OI)KEI/OU QERMOU= TH\N YU/CIN EI)SA/GEI: A)NTEISA/GETAI GA\R AU)TH=S H( PLEONECI/A TOU= A)LLOTRI/OU QERMOU=, H(/TIS OU)K E)A=| GI/NESQAI YU/CIN E)N TW=| SW/MATI. EI)=TA E)PEIDH\ O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS EI)=PEN A)PO\ SH/YEWS TH\N KATA\ FU/SIN FQORA\N GI/-NESQAI, E)PI/THDES TAU/THS MNHMONEU/SAS, I(/NA DEI/CH|, O(/TI KAI\ U(PO\ QERMO/THTOS KAI\ U(PO\ YU/CEWS GI/NETAI, QERMO/THTOS ME\N A)LLOTRI/AS, YUXRO/THTOS DE\ OI)KEI/AS, EI)KO/TWS KAI\ PERI\ SH/YEWS DIALE/GETAI. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI GI/NETAI AU(/TH E)NDEI/A| QERMO/THTOS OI)KEI/AS DIAFOROUME/NHS U(PO\ TH=S TOU= PERIE/XONTOS QERMASI/AS KAI\ SUNUPAGOME/NHS AU)TH=| TH=S E)/NDON U(GRO/THTOS, H(/TIS O)/XHMA GI/NETAI TH=S QERMO/-THTOS: EI)=Q' OU(/TW KATAKRATEI= TO\ E)/NDON YUXRO/N, W(S EI)=NAI DH=LON, O(/TI E)NDEI/A| QERMO/THTOS OI)KEI/AS KAI\ U(GRO/THTOS GI/NETAI H( SH=YIS. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, KATASKEUA/ZEI DIA\ PLEIO/NWN, KAI\ PRW=TO/N GE O(/TI DI' U(GRO/THTOS E)/NDEIAN, W(S DHLOI= TA\ NEKRA\ TW=N SWMA/TWN, E)F' W(=N %2%2%2. KAI\ PRW=TON ME\N I)XWROEIDH\S U(GRO/THS TOU/TWN A)POSTA/ZEI KAI\ DIAFOREI=TAI DIA\ TO\ E)/TI EI)=NAI TO\ QERMO/N, O(/PER SUNUP-A/GETAI TH\N U(GRO/THTA. E)/TI DIA\ TO\ E)KKRIQH=NAI TO\ U(GRO\N THNIKAU=TA SH/PETAI TO\ SW=MA KAI\ KOPRW=DES GI/NETAI KAI\ DIAPI/PTEI A(/TE MH\ E)/XON TINA\ U(GRO/THTA DIA\ TO\ MHDE\ QERMASI/AN E)/XEIN TH\N E(/LKOUSAN AU)TH\N EI)S E(AUTO\ A)PO\ TOU= PERI-E/XONTOS. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI DI' E)/NDEIAN U(GRO/THTOS GI/NETAI H( SH=YIS. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ [H)\] DI' E)/NDEIAN QERMO/THTOS: KAI\ TOU=TO DH=LON. TA\ GA\R A)NUPE/RBLHTON E)/XONTA QERMASI/AN SW/MATA DIAME/NOUSI MH\ SHPO/MENA, OI(=ON TO\ PU=R. TOU= GA\R A)E/ROS KAI\ TOU= U(/DATOS KAI\ TH=S GH=S SHPOME/NWN DIA\ TO\ E)/LATTON EI)=NAI TO\ E)N AU)TOI=S QERMO\N KAI\ TOU= ME\N A)E/ROS SHPOME/NOU POIEI=N O)/RTUGAS, TH=S DE\ GH=S YU/LLAS, TO\ PU=R MO/NON W(S A)/SHPTON OU) POIEI= ZW=|A DIA\ TO\ PLEI/STHN E)/XEIN QERMO/THTA. KAI\ TA\ AU)TO/MATA DE\ QERMA\ H(=TTON SH/PETAI DIA\ TO\ E)/XEIN OI)KEI/AN QERMASI/AN: A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TA\ KINOU/MENA TW=N STASI/MWN U(DA/TWN H(=TTON SH/PETAI DIA\ TO\ E)K TH=S KINH/SEWS A)NARRW/NNUSQAI E)N AU)TOI=S TO\ QERMO/N. "KI/NHSIS GA\R KRATU/NEI, A)RGI/H DE\ TH/KEI", FHSI\N EI(=S TW=N I)ATRW=N. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TA\ O)LI/GA U(/DATA MA=LLON SH/PETAI W(S A)\N O)LI/GOU O)/NTOS TOU= E)N AU)TOI=S QERMOU=: TA\ DE\ POLLA\ @1 H(=TTON SH/PETAI W(S PLEI/ONA E)/XONTA QERMASI/AN. DIO\ KAI\ TA\ TELMATW/DH MA=LLON SH/PETAI TW=N POTAMW=N, H)\ W(S AU)TO/S FHSIN, H( E)N TOI=S A)MFOREU=SI QA/LASSA W(S O)LI/GH OU)=SA SH/PETAI. AU)TH\ D' OU) SH/PETAI DIA\ TO\ POLLOU= METE/XEIN QERMOU=: POLLH=S GA\R METE/XEI TH=S KAPNW/DOUS A)NAQUMIA/SEWS. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TO\ A)POKRINO/MENON QERMO\N E)K TW=N FQEIROME/NWN ZW/|WN SHMAI/NEI, O(/TI DI' E)/NDEIAN QERMO/THTOS GI/NETAI H( SH=YIS [1META\ GA\R TH\N TOU/TOU DIAFO/RHSIN SH/-PETAI TO\ SW=MA, O(/PER DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI ZW|OGO/NON KAI\ GENE/SEWS A)/LLWN ZW/|WN AI)/TION GI/NETAI]1 KAI\ TO\ EI)RHME/NON: @@I(/PPOI ME\N SFHKW=N GE/NESIS, TAU=ROI DE\ MELISSW=N. EI)=PON DE/ SOI E)/CWQEN E(/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TOU= E)NDEI/A| TOU= QERMOU= GI/NE-SQAI TH\N SH=YIN. O(RW=MEN GA/R, O(/TI TA\ W)MA\ KRE/A TW=N E(FQW=N MA=LLON SH/PONTAI DIA\ TO\ MO/NON TH\N OI)KEI/AN E)/XEIN QERMASI/AN, TA\ D' E(FQA\ MH\ MO/NON TH\N OI)KEI/AN E)/XEIN QERMASI/AN, A)LLA\ KAI\ TH\N E)K TH=S E(YH/SEWS A)NADEDE/XQAI, H(/TIS E)N E(/CEI AU)TW=| E)GE/NETO E)N TH=| E(YH/SEI. TAU=TA ME\N PA/NTA EI)/RHTAI PRO\S TO\ DEI=CAI, O(/TI E)NDEI/A| QERMO/THTOS KAI\ U(GRO/THTOS OI)KEI/AS GI/NETAI H( SH=YIS. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ E)PIKRATEI/A| TOU= A)LLOTRI/OU QERMOU= GI/NETAI, KATASKEUASTE/ON OU(/TWS: O(RW=MEN GA/R, O(/TI E)N TW=| QE/REI MA=LLON GI/NETAI SH=YIS H)/PER E)N TW=| XEIMW=NI. H( GA\R TOU= QE/ROUS QERMO/THS E)KDIAFOREI= TO\ OI)KEI=ON QERMO\N META\ TOU= U(GROU=: KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN GI/NETAI H( SH=YIS E)PIKRATOU=NTOS TOU= OI)KEI/OU YUXROU= DIA\ TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI TH\N E(/LKOUSAN TO\ U(GRO\N QERMO/THTA E)/NDON. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TA\ PEPHGO/TA OU) SH/PETAI DIA\ TO\ MH\ DU/NASQAI KATAKRATEI=N TH\N E)KTO\S QERMO/THTA TH=S E)/NDON KAI\ DIAFOREI=N DIA\ TO\ E)/XEIN PRO/BOLON TH\N E)KTO\S YUXRO/THTA. TAU=TA PARA-DI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*DIWRISME/NWN DH\ TOU/TWN LHPTE/ON A)\N EI)/H TA\S E)RGASI/AS AU)TW=N, AI(=S OU(/TWS E)RGA/ZONTAI POIHTIKA/, KAI\ TW=N PAQHTIKW=N TA\ EI)/DH.>20}1 @*DIORISQE/NTOS, FHSI/, TOU= LO/GOU KAI\ DEI/CANTOS, POI=A ME/N EI)SI POIHTIKA\ STOIXEI=A, POI=A DE\ U(LIKA/, E)/LQWMEN LOIPO\N KAI\ E)PI\ TH\N E)RGASI/AN AU)TW=N, H(/TIS GI/NETAI POIOU=NTOS ME\N TOU= QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU=, PA/SXONTOS DE\ TOU= U(GROU= KAI\ CHROU=: TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N TA\S EI)SHGH/SEIS E)PISKEYW/MEQA, A(\S POIEI= TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO\N EI)S TO\ U(GRO\N KAI\ CHRO/N, A(/SPER EI)/DH TW=N PAQHTIKW=N STOIXEI/WN E)KA/LESE DIA\ TO\ EI)DOPOIEI=SQAI PA/SXONTA U(PO\ TW=N DRASTIKW=N. @1 {1<20*PRW=TON ME\N OU)=N KAQO/LOU H( A(PLH= GE/NESIS KAI\ H( FUSIKH\ METABOLH\ TOU/TWN TW=N DUNA/MEWN E)/RGON E)STI/, KAI\ H( A)NTIKEIME/NH FQORA\ KATA\ FU/SIN.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI W(S KAQO/LOU EI)PEI=N H( A(PLW=S GE/NESIS KAI\ KAQO/LOU H(/TIS KATHGOREI=TAI KATA\ TW=N MERIKW=N GENE/SEWN, PE/YEWS LE/GW KAI\ A)LLOIW/SEWS KAI\ TW=N LOIPW=N, U(PO\ QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU= GI/NETAI. H)\ MA=LLON OU(/TW R(HTE/ON, O(/TI <20A(PLH=N GE/NESIN>20 LE/GEI OU) TH\N A(PLH=N, H(/TIS KATHGOREI=TAI KATA\ PA/SHS MERIKH=S GENE/SEWS, A)LLA\ TH\N TW=N OU)SIW=N GE/NESIN, TH\N E)K TOU= A)FANOU=S EI)S TO\ E)MFANE\S PROA/GOUSAN TA\ E)/MYUXA SW/MATA. TAU=TA GA\R H( FU/SIS O)RGA/NW| KEXRHME/NH TW=| QERMW=| KAI\ YUXRW=|, U(/LH| DE\ TW=| CHRW=| KAI\ U(GRW=|, DHMIOUR-GH/SASA PARH/GAGEN. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI KATEXRH/SATO LE/GWN POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION EI)=NAI TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N. FAI/NETAI GA\R E)N TW=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S LE/GWN MH\ EI)=NAI POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION TO\ QERMO/N. EI) GA\R KAI\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION, XEI=RON A)\N H)=N TOU= O)RGANIKOU=, E)PEIDH\ TO\ ME\N % O)RGANIKO\N U(F' E(TE/ROU TA/TTETAI, TOUTE/STI TOU= POIHTIKOU=: TO\ DE\ QERMO/N, EI)/PER H)=N POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION, OU)K E)/MELLEN U(POTA/TTESQAI, A)LL' A)EI\ PROKO/PTEIN E)P' A)/PEIRON KAI\ AU)/CESQAI, KAI\ E)LA/NQANE FQARTIKO\N %2 H)/PER POIHTIKO/N. NU=N OU)=N KATEXRH/SATO LE/GWN AU)TO\ POIHTIKO/N. A)LLA\ TH=S ME\N A(PLW=S GENE/SEWS POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION LE/GEI EI)=NAI TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO/N, TH=S DE\ A(PLW=S FQORA=S OU)/K EI)SI POIHTIKA\ AI)/TIA, A)LLA/ TINOS FQORA=S, MO/NHS GA\R TH=S A)NTIKEIME/NHS TH=| A(PLH=| GENE/SEI, TOUTE/STI TH=S GINOME/NHS DIA\ SH/YEWS, H(/NTINA KAI\ KATA\ FU/SIN KALEI= PRO\S A)NTIDIASTOLH\N TH=S KATA\ BI/AN GINOME/NHS FQORA=S, H)\ CI/FOUS H)\ PURO\S H)/ TINOS TOIOU/TOU. W(/SPER GA\R H( A(PLH= GE/NESIS PERIOUSI/A| E)MFU/TOU QERMOU= KAI\ U(GROU= GI/NETAI, OU(/TWS H( SH=YIS E)NDEI/A| TOU/TWN KAI\ PLEONECI/A| TOU= YUXROU= GI/NETAI. 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H( GA\R E)PI\ E)MYU/XWN KALEI=TAI PE/PANSIS, KURI/WS TH=S PEPA/NSEWS E)PI\ KARPW=N LEGOME/NHS: H)\ E)PI\ A)YU/XWN, KAI\ E)PI\ A)YU/XWN H)\ E)N U(GRW=| QERMW=| GI/NETAI KAI\ KALEI=TAI E(/YHSIS, H)\ E)N A)NI/KMW| KAI\ KALEI=TAI O)/PTHSIS. A)NTI/KEITAI DE\ TH=| ME\N PE/YEI A(PLW=S A)PEYI/A. U(PO\ DE\ TAU/THN E)STI\N W)MO/THS A)NTIKEIME/NH TH=| PEPA/NSEI: KURI/WS GA\R W)MO\N LE/GOMEN E)PI\ TW=N KARPW=N, W(/SPER KAI\ PE/PONAS LE/GOMEN TOU\S A)KMA/SANTAS KARPOU/S. H( DE\ MO/LUNSIS A)NTI/KEITAI TH=| E(YH/SEI, O(/TI H( ME\N E(/YHSIS DIALU/EI TA\ E(YO/MENA, H( DE\ MO/LUNSIS A)RXH\ MO/NON OU)=SA E(YH/SEWS OU) POIEI= DIALU/ESQAI TA\ MOLUNO/MENA, OU) TOU=TO/ MOU LE/GONTOS, O(/TI PA=SA E(/YHSIS PA/NTWS DIALU/EI TA\ E(YO/MENA. I)DOU\ GA\R TA\ W)|A\ KAI\ OI( E)GKE/FALOI KAI\ OI( DI/DUMOI KAI\ TW=N KREW=N TA\ TRIPTA\ E(YO/MENA OU) DIALU/ETAI, A)LLA\ TOU)NANTI/ON SUNI/STATAI KAI\ SXH=MA A)NADE/XONTAI. KAQO/LOU GA\R O(/SA ME\N E)NERGEI/A| E)/XOUSI TO\ U(GRO/N, TAU=TA TH=| E(YH/SEI PAXU/NETAI, O(/SA DE\ DUNA/MEI E)/XEI TO\ U(GRO/N, TAU=TA E)N TH=| E(YH/SEI DIALU/ETAI. H( DE\ STA/QEUSIS DIALU/ETAI: A)NTI/KEITAI GA\R TH=| O)PTH/SEI. A)LL' A)/CIO/N E)STI ZHTH/SEWS, PW=S TOU/TWN MEMNHME/NOS TW=N I)DIAZOUSW=N E)NER-GEIW=N O( FILO/SOFOS TH=S KURI/WS PE/YEWS OU) ME/MNHTAI, DI' H(=S PE/TTONTAI TA\ SITI/A. H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI DIA\ TOU= EI)PEI=N E(/YHSIN PARE/LABE KAI\ TAU/THN TH\N PE/YIN: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ H( PE/YIS E)N U(GRW=| QERMW=| GI/NETAI, W(/SPER KAI\ H( E(/YHSIS. KAI\ OI)=DE TOU=TO *(IPPOKRA/THS E)N TW=| *PERI\ O)CE/WN NOSHMA/TWN, E)/NQA FHSI\ MH/TE DI\S E(/YEIN TA\ SITI/A TH\N GASTE/RA, TO\ "3E(/YEIN"3 EI)RHKW\S A)NTI\ TOU= "3PE/TTEIN"3. H)\ EI)PE\ KAI\ A)/LLHN AI)TI/AN, O(/TI EI)KO/TWS E)KEI/NHS OU)K E)MNHMO/NEUSE TH=S E(YH/SEWS, E)PEIDH\ E)KEI/NH U(PO\ FU/SEWS GI/NETAI E)N TOI=S TW=N ZW/|WN SW/MASI, NU=N D' OU) PERI\ TW=N U(PO\ FU/SEWS GINOME/NWN BOU/LETAI DIALABEI=N, TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N U(PO\ FUSIKH=S DUNA/MEWS E)N SW/MATI ZW/|OU OU)/SHS, A)LLA\ PERI\ TW=N U(PO\ QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU= GINOME/NWN, TOUTE/STI TW=N DRASTIKW=N POIOTH/TWN. H( GA\R PE/YIS EI)/DOUS E)NALLAGH\N E)/XOUSA U(PO\ FU/SEWS GI/NETAI PRONOHTIKH=S. KAI\ MH\ LE/GE, O(/TI H( PE/PANSIS U(PO\ FU/SEWS GI/NETAI. OU) GA\R EI)/DOUS E)STI\ METABOLH\ E)N TOU/TW|, A)LLA\ POIO/THTOS MO/NHS: O(/POU DE\ EI)/DOUS METABOLH/, E)KEI= FU/SEWS E)/RGON GI/NETAI KURI/WS. W(/STE TH\N O(/LHN PERI\ TOU/TWN DIAI/RESIN E)/XEIN TO\N TRO/PON TOU=TON: H( PE/YIS H)\ EI)/DOUS E)RGA/ZETAI METABOLH\N KAI\ LE/GETAI PE/YIS O(MW-NU/MWS TW=| GE/NEI LEGOME/NH KAI\ U(PO\ FU/SEWS PRONOHTIKH=S GINOME/NH, H)\ POIO/-THTOS MO/NHS E)RGA/ZETAI METABOLH/N. KAI\ TAU/THN H)\ E)N E)MYU/XOIS KAI\ LE/GETAI PE/PANSIS, H)\ E)N A)YU/XOIS, KAI\ E)N A)YU/XOIS H)\ E)N U(GRW=| QERMW=| KAI\ LE/GETAI E(/YHSIS, H)\ E)N A)NI/KMW| KAI\ KALEI=TAI O)/PTHSIS. E)F' OI(=S O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS O(RISMO\N PARADI/DWSI TH=S E(YH/SEWS KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI PE/YIS E)STI\ TELEI/WSIS U(PO\ TOU= FUSIKOU= QERMOU= KAI\ OI)KEI/OU E)K TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN PAQHTIKW=N. A)LLA\ @1 ZHTHTE/ON, TI/NOS LE/GEI TELEI/WSIN TH\N PE/YIN, PO/TERON TOU= POIOU=NTOS H)\ TOU= PA/SXONTOS. KAI/ FAMEN, O(/TI TOU= PA/SXONTOS, OU) TOU= POIOU=NTOS, A)LLA\ TOU= GINOME/NOU, TOUTE/STI TH=S FU/SEWS, EI)/ GE TO\ PA/SXON FQEI/RETAI KAI\ METABA/LLEI A)PO\ EI)/DOUS E)PI\ E(/TERON EI)=DOS. A)LLA/ FASIN OI( E)CHGHTAI/, O(/TI KAI\ TO\ PA/SXON TELEIOU=TAI: A)PO\ GA\R TOU= DUNA/MEI EI)S TO\ E)NERGEI/A| A)/GETAI. A)LLA\ KAI\ OU(/TWS OU)DE\N H(=TTON FQEI/RETAI TO\ GINO/MENON: FQEI/RETAI GA\R TOU= DUNA/MEI GINOME/NOU E)NERGEI/A|. I)STE/ON TOI/NUN, O(/TI DITTO/N E)STI TO\ TE/LOS, W(S EI)/RHTAI E)N TH=| *META\ TA\ FUSIKA/: TO\ ME\N OU(=, TO\ DE\ W(=|. KAI\ TO\ ME\N OU(= PWS E)PIGINO/MENON EI)=DOS SHMAI/NEI AU)TO\ TO\ EI)=DOS TH=S QU/RAS FE/RE EI)PEI=N. TO\ DE\ W(=|, E(/NEKA TOU= GE/GONEN H( QU/RA, O(/TI PRO\S FULAKH\N TW=N E)/NDON A)POKLEIOME/NWN SKEUW=N, TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N PRO\S TH\N XRH=SIN. OU)KOU=N H( PE/YIS TELEI/WSI/S E)STI KATA\ TO\ W(=| TE/LOS: SUMBA/LLETAI GA\R PRO\S TH\N TROFH\N TOU= TREFOME/NOU FUSIKOU= KAI\ OI)KEI/OU QERMOU= TINOS, W(S *)ARISTOTE/LHS TO\ PE/TTON %2%2%2 W(S H( TOU= PETTOME/NOU DHLONO/TI TOU= PE/TTONTOS, DIA/ TE *PLA/TWNA TO\N LE/GONTA, O(/TI DEI= TO\ POIOU=N KEXWRI/SQAI E)K TW=N GINOME/NWN, I(/NA MH\ E)/NDON E)/XH| TO\ GINO/MENON TH\N FQEI/-ROUSAN AI)TI/AN, KAI\ DIA\ TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHN TO\N LE/GONTA TRI/A PE/YEWS EI)/DH EI)=NAI, PE/PANSIN, E(/YHSIN, O)/PTHSIN, A(/TINA U(PO\ TOU= E)/CWQEN QERMOU= GI/NONTAI: DHLONO/TI KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN E)PI\ TH=S KATHGOROUME/NHS PE/YEWS PASW=N TOU/TWN QERMO\N LAMBA/NEI OU) TO\ OI)KEI=ON, A)LLA\ TO\ E)/CWQEN. TELEI/WSIN DE\ LE/GEI TH\N PA/XUNSIN KAI\ PE/YIN TH=S U(GRO/THTOS PRO\S TH\N CHRO/THTA E)N TOI=S FUTOI=S U(PO\ TOU= E)/CWQEN QERMOU= GINOME/NHN. PA=SA GA\R PE/YIS GI/NETAI TOU= QERMOU= PAXU/-NONTOS TH\N U(GRO/THTA. O(/QEN KAI\ A)POROU=SI/ TINES, O(/TI EI) PE/YEWS E)/RGON TO\ TA\ LEPTA\ PAXU/NEIN, PW=S TA\ KRE/A PAXE/A O)/NTA E)N TH=| PE/YEI LEPTU/NETAI KAI\ E)CUDAROU=TAI, W(/SPER E)N TH=| XULOPOIH/SEI. KAI/ FAMEN, O(/TI H( FU/SIS OU)K H)DU/NATO A)/LLWS AU)TA\ E(NW=SAI TH=| H(METE/RA| OU)SI/A|. PERI\ DE\ TAU/THS OU) DIA-LAMBA/NEI O( NU=N O(RISMO/S, A)LLA\ PERI\ TH=S TRI/THS: E)N TAU/TH| GA\R A)PO\ LEPTW=N PE/YEWN GENOME/NHS PAXEI=A GI/NETAI E)PI\ PROSFU/SEWS. A)LLA\ PA/LIN A)POROU=SI: KAI\ TI/S XREI/A TH=S MATAIOPONI/AS TAU/THS, I(/NA A)PO\ PAXE/WN LEPTA\ GE/NHTAI, KAI\ A)PO\ LEPTW=N PAXE/A; H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI E)PEIDH\ A)NA/GKH H)=N TH\N TROFH\N KAI\ PROSTI/QESQAI KAI\ E)COMOIOU=SQAI, DIA\ ME\N TO\ PROSTEQH=NAI GI/NETAI H( LE/PTUNSIS, DIA\ DE\ TO\ E)COMOIWQH=NAI PA/XUNSIS. A)LLA\ PA/LIN A)POROU=SIN I)ATROI\ LE/GONTES: PW=S PA=SA PE/YIS E)PI\ TO\ PAXU/TERON PROKO/PTEI, O(PO/TE LE/GEI TA\ PAXU/TERA NOSH/MATA PE/TTESQAI, O(/TAN LEPTOTE/RA H( U(/LH GE/NHTAI; H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI OU) PERI\ TH=S TOIAU/THS PE/YEWS NU=N DIALE/GETAI O( FILO/SOFOS TH=S U(PO\ FUSIKH=S DUNA/MEWS GINOME/NHS, A)LLA\ PERI\ MO/NHS TH=S KATHGOROUME/NHS PEPA/NSEWS. <20E)K TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN DE\ PAQHTIKW=N>20 E)/FH DIA\ TH\N U(GRO/THTA: TAU/THS GA/R E)STI TELEI/WSIS DIA\ TH\N PA/XUNSIN. KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO EI)=PE <20PAQHTIKW=N:>20 @1 PA/SXEI GA\R H( U(GRO/THS. <20A)NTIKEIME/NWN>20 D' E)PEIDH\ TO\ TREFO/MENON E)/ST' A)\N TRE/FHTAI, A)NO/MOIO/N E)STI TW=| TREFOME/NW| KAI\ A)NTIKEI/MENON. TA\ GA\R A)NTI-KEI/MENA PA/NTWS KAI\ A)NO/MOIA: OU) PA/NTWS DE\ TA\ A)NO/MOIA KAI\ A)NTI/KEINTAI. A)LL' A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORI/AS, TI/ DIAFE/REI PE/YIS SH/YEWS, EI)/ GE KAI\ H( SH=YIS A)LLOTRI/W| QERMW=| GI/NETAI KAI\ H( PE/YIS DE\ A)LLOTRI/OU TOU= PETTOME/NOU: E)/FAMEN GA/R, O(/TI U(PO\ TOU= POIOU=NTOS QERMOU= PE/TTETAI TO\ PETTO/MENON. KAI\ LE/GOMEN PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI H( PE/YIS [2SH=YIS]2, A)LLA\ PRO\S TH\N H(MW=N XRH=SIN LE/GOMEN AU)TH\N PE/YIN, E)PEI\ O(/SON PRO\S TO\ PETTO/MENON SH=YI/S E)STIN. I)DOU\ GOU=N TOU\S A)PI/OUS META\ TH\N E)K TOU= DE/NDROU A)FAI/RESIN PE/TTESQAI LE/GOMEN W(S PRO\S TH\N H(MW=N XRH=SIN A)FORW=NTES, E)KEI/NWN ME/NTOI E)PI\ SH=YIN O(DEUO/NTWN. H)\ EI)PE/, O(/TI DIA-FE/REI PE/YIS SH/YEWS, O(/TI E)N ME\N TH=| PE/YEI KRATEI= TO\ QERMO\N TOU= U(GROU= KAI\ O(RI/ZEI AU)TO\ E)PI\ PA/XUNSIN AU)TO\ FE/RON, E)N DE\ TH=| SH/YEI TO\ A)NA/PALIN KRATEI= TO\ U(GRO\N TOU= QERMOU= TH\N A)RXH/N. A)LLA\ PA/LIN A)PORHTE/ON, KAI\ TI/ DIAFE/REI SH=YIS A)PEYI/AS, EI)/ GE E)N A)MFOTE/ROIS KRATEI= TO\ U(GRO/N. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI POU= ME\N KRATEI= % TO\ QERMO/N, W(S E)N TH=| A)PEYI/A|, POU= DE\ KRATEI= TO\ A)LLO/TRION QERMO/N, W(S E)N TH=| SH/YEI. EI)PE\ DE\ KAI\ A)/LLHN DIAFORA\N SH/YEWS KAI\ PE/YEWS, O(/TI E)N ME\N TH=| SH/YEI TO\ A)LLO/TRION QERMO\N E)PIKRATEI= TOU= SW/MATOS, E)N W(=| GI/NETAI H( SH=YIS, E)N DE\ TH=| PE/YEI TO\ OI)KEI=ON AU)TOU= E)/MFUTON QERMO\N E)PI-KRATEI=, OU) LE/GW TOU= PETTOME/NOU, A)LLA\ TOU= SW/MATOS, E)N W(=| PE/YIS GI/NETAI. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N R(HTE/ON PERI\ TH=S PE/YEWS. E)F' OI(=S O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ PERI\ PEPA/NSEWS DIALE/GETAI, KAI\ TAU/THN O(RI/ZETAI LE/GWN: "3PE/PANSI/S E)STI SU/STASIS KAI\ PA/XUNSIS TH=S E)N TOI=S PERIKARPI/OIS U(GRO/THTOS"3, TOUTE/STI PE/YIS: H( GA\R PE/YIS SU/STASI/S E)STI KAI\ PA/XUNSIS TH=S U(GRO/THTOS, W(S EI)/RHTAI. KAI\ O(/RA, PW=S META\ TA\ GE/NH, LE/GW DH\ PE/YIN KAI\ A)PEYI/AN, E)PI\ TA\ TIMIW/TERA TW=N EI)DW=N E)XW/RHSE, PE/PANSI/N TE KAI\ W)MO/THTA. TIMIW/TATA GA\R TAU=TA TW=N A)/LLWN EI)DW=N W(S E)N E)MYU/XOIS GINO/MENA [1E)N GA\R TOI=S FUTOI=S]1 E)KEI/NWN E)N A)YU/XOIS GINOME/NWN. EU)QE/WS D' E)K TOU= O(RISMOU= TH=S PEPA/NSEWS E)DH/LWSEN, O(/TI KAQOLIKWTE/RA E)STI\N H( PE/YIS TH=S PEPA/NSEWS: H( ME\N GA\R PE/YIS TELEI/-WSIS E)LE/GETO KAI\ PA/XUNSIS TOU= A(PLW=S U(GROU= E)P' E)MYU/XOIS EI)/T' E)N A)YU/XOIS H)=N, H( DE\ PE/PANSIS MO/NOU TOU= E)N TW=| PERIKARPI/W|. PERIKA/RPION D' E)STI\N U(MH/N TIS, O(\S E)PINENO/HTAI TH=| FU/SEI PRO\S FULAKH\N KAI\ FROURA\N TOU= SPE/R-MATOS, OU)DE\ GA\R A(PLW=S TOU= E)DWDI/MOU OU)DE\ KARPOU=, PLH\N EI) MH\ TO\ AU)TO\ EI)/H KAI\ SPE/RMA KAI\ KARPO/S. TO\ GOU=N E)DW/DIMON POTE\ ME\N E)KTO/S E)STIN, W(S E)PI\ FOINI/KWN, POTE\ D' E)NTO/S, W(S E)PI\ A)MUGDA/LWN: TO\N ME/NTOI KARPO\N PA/NTWS E)/NDON PERIFROUREI= DIA\ TH\N PALIGGENESI/AN: E)F' W(=N E)PEI/SAKTON POIEI= TH\N A)QANASI/AN. KALW=S DE\ PRO/SKEITAI, O(/TI TH=S E)N TOI=S PERIKARPI/OIS TROFH=S PE/YIS E)STI\N H( PE/PANSIS, DIA\ TH\N A)/LLHN PE/YIN TH\N GINOME/NHN E)N TH=| R(I/ZH| KAI\ E)N TOI=S KLA/DOIS TOU= FUTOU=. KAI\ GA\R KAI\ H( E)N TOU/TOIS U(GRO/THS PE/TTETAI U(PO\ TOU= E)N AU)TOI=S E)MFU/TOU QERMOU= KAI\ TRE/FEI TO\ DE/NDRON, A)LL' OU)DE\ LE/GETAI @1 PE/PANSIS, A)LLA\ MO/NH PE/YIS: MO/NH GA\R H( E)N TW=| PERIKARPI/W| PE/YIS LE/GETAI PE/PANSIS. KAI\ H( ME\N PERI\ TO\ A)/LLO U(GRO\N TOU= FUTOU= GINOME/NH PE/YIS TO\ EI)=DOS E)NALLA/TTEI AU(TO/: H( DE\ PERI\ TO\ PERIKA/RPION PE/YIS, TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N H( PE/PANSIS, OU) GI/NETAI, EI) MH\ O(/TAN TE/LEION EI)/H TO\ FUTO/N, W(S DU/NASQAI TI/KTEIN O(/MOIA. W(/SPER GA\R ZW=|ON E)KEI=NO LE/GOMEN TE/LEION TO\ DUNA/MENON E(AUTW=| TI/KTEIN O(/MOIA, OU(/TW KAI\ FUTO/N. O(/QEN OU)DE\ TO\ TUXO\N GI/GARTON A)MPE/LOU DEI= LABEI=N PRO\S TO\ POIH=SAI A)/LLHN A)/MPELON: OU) GA\R TO\ A)PO\ W)MH=S STAFULH=S, A)LLA\ TO\ A)PO\ TH=S TELEIWQEI/SHS %2%2%2 KEGXRAMI/S E)STIN E)PITHDEI/A PRO\S TOU/-TOIS: KAI\ GA\R E)K TW=N SPERMA/TWN TOU/TWN GI/NONTAI TA\ FUTA/. A)LLA\ TO\ POLU-XRO/NION TH=S GENNH/SEWS AU)TW=N FEU/GONTES OI( PERI\ TAU=TA DEINOI\ OU) KE/XRHN-TAI TOU/TOIS. E)PEIDH\ D' E)/FH, O(/TI H( PE/YIS PA/XUNSI/S E)STI KAI\ PA/NTWS PA-XU/NEI, E)/STI DE\ KAI\ H( PE/PANSIS PE/YIS TIS, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ AU)TH\ PAXU/NEI KAI\ TA\ PEPAINO/MENA PAXU/TERA PA/NTWS QE/LEI GENE/SQAI. OU(/TW GA\R KAI\ E)N H(MI=N O(/SA E)N A)TMOI=S KAI\ U(GROI=S U(PA/RXOUSIN H(MI=N A)/PEPTA, TAU=TA LEPTA\ O)/NTA PAXU/NETAI PETTO/MENA U(PO\ TH=S FU/SEWS: E)N ME\N A)TMOI=S W(S E)PI\ TW=N A)NADI-DOME/NWN E)PI\ TH=S KEFALH=S KA)KEI=SE PETTOME/NWN KAI\ A)NTIKATARREO/NTWN KAI\ KO/RUZAN E)RGAZOME/NWN, E)N D' U(GROI=S W(S E)PI\ TW=N DIARROIW=N A)/PEPTA DIA-XWRH/MATA/ TINA METABA/LLOUSA H( FU/SIS PE/TTEI E)N TOI=S U(/PNOIS DIA\ TO\ E)NERGEI=N TO/TE TA\S FUSIKA\S DUNA/MEIS KAI\ DIA\ TO\ SUNNEU/EIN EI)S TO\ BA/QOS TO\ E)/MFUTON QERMO\N KAI\ DIA\ TO\ MH\ SKEDA/NNUSQAI TH\N FU/SIN E)KTO\S U(PO\ TW=N AI)SQHTW=N. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TA\ PNEUMATW/DH KAI\ U(DATW/DH A)/PEPTA O)/NTA KAI\ LEUKA/, W(/SPER GLEU=KOS PETTO/MENON, PAXU/NETAI. E)F' OI(=S O( FILO/SOFOS PERI\ U(/DATOS DIA-LE/GETAI. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI TO\ U(/DWR OU)/TE PEPAI/NETAI OU)/TE %2%2%2 PAXUNO/-MENON OU)/TE W)MO\N LE/GETAI, OU)X O(/TI OU) PEPAI/NETAI, A)LL' O(/TI OU) PE/FUKEN O(/LWS PEPAI/NESQAI. E)KEI=NA GA\R LE/GOMEN W)MA/, O(/SA PE/FUKE PEPAI/NESQAI KAI\ OU) PE/PANTAI. OU(/TW GA\R KAI\ TO\N TOI=XON OU) LE/GOMEN TUFLO\N OU)X O(/TI OU) BLE/PEI, A)LL' O(/TI OU) PE/FUKE BLE/PEIN. W(/STE DIA\ TOU/TWN DH=LO/S E)STIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS LE/GWN MH\ TRE/FEIN TO\ U(/DWR, EI)/ GE LE/GEI AU)TO\ MH\ PE/TTESQAI, E)PEIDH\ OU) PA-XU/NETAI. PA=SA DE\ TROFH\ U(PO\ PE/YEWS GI/NETAI. EI)PE\ GA\R TOIOU=TON SULLOGI-SMO/N: TO\ U(/DWR OU) PAXU/NETAI, TO\ MH\ PAXUNO/MENON OU) PE/TTETAI, TO\ MH\ PET-TO/MENON OU) TRE/FEI: TO\ U(/DWR A)/RA OU) TRE/FEI. KAI\ O(/RA, PW=S SU/MFWNA LE/GEI TOI=S EI)RHME/NOIS AU)TW=| E)N TH=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S. E)/LEGE GA\R E)KEI=SE, O(/TI OU) TRE/FETAI TA\ SPO/RIMA E)K TOU= U(/DATOS KAQ' AU(TO/: EI) GA\R KAI\ DOKEI= TRE/FEIN, DIA\ TO\ SUMMEMI=XQAI AU)TW=| GH=N KOPRW/DH TRE/FETAI. PLH\N E)PEIDH\ POLU/S E)STI LE/GWN E)N A)/LLAIS AU)TOU= PRAGMATEI/AIS, O(/TI METABA/LLOUSIN EI)S A)/LLHLA TA\ STOIXEI=A, KAI\ TA\ ME\N A(PLA= EI)S SU/NQETA, TA\ DE\ SU/NQETA EI)S @1 A(PLA= [1KAI\ U(/DWR GA\R E)COINOU=TAI KAI\ O( OI)=NOS E)CUDATOU=TAI]1, KA/LLION LE/GEIN, O(/TI I)/SWS W(S DUSKO/LWS PAXUNO/MENON EI)=PE MH\ PAXU/NESQAI TO\ U(/DWR KAI\ W(S O)LIGO/TROFON A)/TROFON. EI)KO\S OU)=N A)MFOTE/RAS E)/XEIN TA\S DO/CAS, TH/N TE TOU= TRE/FEIN KAI\ TOU= MH\ TRE/FEIN TO\ U(/DWR. TAU=TA PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*TI/ OU)=N E)STI GE/NESIS KAI\ FQORA/, EI)/RHTAI PRO/TERON.>20}1 @*(/OTI POIOU=NTOS TOU= QERMOU= KAI\ TOU= YUXROU= GI/NETAI. {1<20*LOIPO\N D' EI)PEI=N TA\ E)XO/MENA EI)/DH, O(/SA AI( EI)RHME/NAI DUNA/MEIS E)RGA/ZONTAI E)C U(POKEIME/NWN TW=N FU/SEI SUNESTW/TWN.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN DEI/KNUTAI, O(/TI OU) PERI\ PA/SHS PE/YEWS PRO/KEITAI AU)TW=| DIA-LABEI=N, A)LLA\ PERI\ MO/NHS PEPA/NSEWS. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI DEI= H(MA=S EI)PEI=N TA\ E)/RGA TOU= QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU=, O(/SA E)RGA/ZONTAI E)N TOI=S SW/MASI MENOU/SHS TH=S U(POKEIME/NHS U(/LHS KAI\ MH\ METABALLOME/NHS. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N E)N ME\N TH=| PE/YEI A)MEI/BETAI TO\ EI)=DOS TH=S TROFH=S [1METABA/LLETAI GA\R PRO\S TO\ TREFO/-MENON: A)PO\ GA\R AI(/MATOS GI/NETAI SA\RC KAI\ NEU=RON]1, E)N DE\ TH=| PEPA/NSEI OU) METABA/LLETAI TO\ EI)=DOS TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU, A)LLA\ TELEIOU=TAI, DH=LON, O(/TI OU) PERI\ E)KEI/NHS LE/GEI TH=S PE/YEWS, A)LLA\ PERI\ TAU/THS. {1<20*DEI= DE\ U(POLAMBA/NEIN MH\ KURI/WS TAU=TA LE/GESQAI TA\ O)NO/MATA TOI=S PRA/GMASIN: OU) GA\R KEI=TAI KAQO/LOU TOI=S O(MOI/OIS.>20}1 @*(H MO/LUNSIS, FHSI/, KAI\ H( STA/QEUSIS OU) LE/GONTAI KURI/WS. DU/NATAI GA\R KAI\ E)PI\ MOLU/NSEWS LE/GESQAI H( STA/QEUSIS, E)PEIDH\ OU) POIEI=TAI A)NA/LUSIN H( STA/QEUSIS, A)LLA\ MA=LLON QERMW=| CHRW=| GI/NETAI. OU)KOU=N OU) KU/RIA/ EI)SI TAU=TA TA\ O)NO/MATA. KU/RION D' AU)TO/ E)STIN O)/NOMA TO\ KAQOLIKO/N, TOUTE/STIN H( A)PEYI/A. {1<20*TAU=TA D' E)STI\N H( OI)KEI/A E(KA/STOU U(/LH.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ EI)=PE TO\N O(RISMO\N TH=S PE/YEWS, U(PO\ TI/NOS GI/NETAI KAI\ E)K TI/NWN, O(/TI GI/NETAI ME\N U(PO\ QERMOU= E)MFU/TOU TOU= POIOU=NTOS, EI)=TA KAI\ TO\ E)K TI/NWN GI/NETAI EI)PW/N, O(/TI E)K TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN PAQHTIKW=N, DIDA/SKEI, TI/NA LE/GETAI A)NTIKEI/MENA PAQHTIKA/, O(/TI OI)KEI/A TOU= PA/SXONTOS U(/LH, TOUTE/STIN H( U(GRO/THS: PA/SXEI GA\R TELEIWTIKO\N PA/QOS SUNISTAME/NH KAI\ PAXUNOME/NH. {1<20*KAI\ H( A)RXH\ TH=S TELEIW/SEWS U(PO\ QERMO/THTOS OI)KEI/AS SUMBAI/NEI, KAI\ DIA/ TINOS TW=N E)KTO\S BOHQEI/AS SUNEPITELESQH=|.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA FAI/NETAI PERI\ TH=S E)N TOI=S ZW/|OIS PE/YEWS DIALAMBA/NWN. TI/ @1 GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI H( A)RXH\ TH=S TELEIW/SEWS, TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N TH=S PE/YEWS, E)K TOU= OI)KEI/OU QERMOU= GI/NETAI TOU= POIOU=NTOS, EI) KAI\ TA\ MA/LISTA POLLA\ SUN-EPIBOHQOU=MEN AU)TW=| E)/CWQEN PRO\S TO\ PE/YAI KAI\ PERIGENE/SQAI TH=S U(/LHS: MH\ GA/R, E)PEIDH\ DIA\ TROFW=N QERMW=N KAI\ LOUTRW=N H)\ A)/LLWN TOIOU/TWN R(A=|ON GI/NETAI H( PE/YIS, H)/DH NOMI/SH|S, O(/TI TAU=TA/ EI)SI TA\ POIOU=NTA TH\N PE/YIN, A)LLA\ TAU=TA SUNEPIBOHQOU=SI TW=| E)MFU/TW| QERMW=|. KAI\ O(/RA, PW=S A)NWTE/RW ME\N PERI\ PEPA/NSEWS DIELA/MBANEN, NU=N DE\ PERI\ TH=S E)N ZW/|OIS, W(S EI)=NAI DH=LON, O(/TI MA=LLON PERI\ TH=S KAQO/LOU PE/YEWS DIE/LABE TO\N O(RISMO\N TH=S KATHGOROU-ME/NHS KATA/ TE TH=S E)N ZW/|OIS KAI\ TH=S PEPA/NSEWS KAI\ E(YH/SEWS KAI\ O)PTH/SEWS. KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN POTE\ ME\N EI)S E)KEI/NHN, POTE\ D' EI)S TAU/TAS METAFE/REI TO\N LO/GON W(S A(RMO/ZONTOS PA/SAIS TOU= O(RISMOU= TH=S PE/YEWS TOU= LE/GONTOS, O(/TI PE/YIS E)STI\ TELEI/WSIS U(PO\ TOU= FUSIKOU= KAI\ OI)KEI/OU QERMOU= E)K TW=N A)NTIKEI-ME/NWN PAQHTIKW=N. {1<20*TO\ DE\ TE/LOS TOI=S ME\N FU/SIS E)STI/, FU/SIS DE\ H(\N LE/GOMEN W(S EI)=DOS KAI\ OU)SI/AN: TOI=S D' EI)S U(POKEIME/NHN TINA\ MORFH\N TO\ TE/LOS E)STI\ TH=S PE/YEWS.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI H( ME\N A)RXH\ TH=S PE/YEWS PA/SHS A)PO\ TOU= OI)KEI/OU QERMOU= TOU= POIOU=NTO/S E)STIN, EI) KAI\ E)/CWQEN BOH/QEIA TOU/TWN GE/NHTAI PRO\S TO\ PERI-GENE/SQAI. TO\ DE\ TE/LOS TH=S PE/YEWS POU= ME\N H( FU/SIS E)STI\N H( EI)DOPOIOU=SA KAI\ METABA/LLOUSA A)PO\ EI)/DOUS EI)S E(/TERON EI)=DOS, W(/SPER E)N TOI=S ZW/|OIS TH\N TROFH\N H( PRONOHTIKH\ FU/SIS META\ TH\N PE/YIN TH=S TROFH=S, TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N TH\N SU/STASIN KAI\ TH\N PA/XUNSIN, METABA/LLEI AU)TH\N EI)S E(/TERON EI)=DOS KAI\ EI)S E(TE/RAN OU)SI/AN KAI\ POIEI= AU)TH\N SA/RKA H)\ NEU=RON H)\ E(/TERO/N TI A(PLW=S PRO\S TH\N FU/SIN TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU MORI/OU. O(/PER O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)SH/MANE, TI/ E)STI FU/SIS, O(/TI TO\ EI)=DOS KAI\ H( OU)SI/A TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU PRA/GMATOS, OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N E)N TOI=S ZW/|OIS TO\ TE/LOS TH=S PE/YEWS H( FU/SIS E)STI/, TOUTE/STIN H( OU)SI/A KAI\ TO\ EI)=DOS TOU= TREFOME/NOU MORI/OU: METABA/LLETAI GA\R EI)S AU)TO\ TO\ PEFQE/N. E)N DE\ TOI=S KARPOI=S KAI\ TOI=S E(YOME/NOIS KAI\ O)PTWME/NOIS OU)X H( FU/SIS E)STI\ TO\ TE/LOS TH=S PE/YEWS: OU)/TE GA\R GI/NETAI METABOLH\ TH=S U(GRO/THTOS EI)S E(/TERON EI)=DOS, A)LLA\ TELEI/WSIS, TOUTE/STI SU/STASIS KAI\ PA/XUNSIS, W(/STE I(/STASQAI TO\ EI)=DOS KAI\ TH\N MORFH\N TOU= PA/SXONTOS, TOUTE/STI TOU= U(GROU=, KAI\ TELEIOU=SQAI, OU) METABA/LLESQAI EI)S E(/TERON EI)=DOS. BLE/PE OU)=N KAI\ DIA\ TAU/THS TH=S LE/CEWS, O(/TI PERI\ PA/SHS PE/YEWS DIALAMBA/NEI. {1<20*(/OTAN TOIO/NDE GE/NHTAI KAI\ TOSO/NDE TO\ U(GRO\N H)\ O)PTW/-MENON H)\ E(YO/MENON H)\ SHPO/MENON.>20}1 @*)EN TOU/TOIS GA\R PA=SIN OU)K A)MEI/BETAI TO\ EI)=DOS TOU= PA/SXONTOS, A)LLA\ TELEIOU=TAI. <20SHPO/MENON>20 D' EI)=PE TO\ PEPAINO/MENON. DITTH\ GA\R H( SH=YIS, @1 E)PI\ TW=N KREITTO/NWN H)\ E)PI\ TW=N XEIRO/NWN: E)PI\ ME\N TW=N KREITTO/NWN, O(/TAN KRATH=| TO\ QERMO\N TOU= U(GROU=, O(/TE KAI\ PE/PANSIS LE/GETAI, E)PI\ DE\ TW=N XEI-RO/NWN, O(/TAN KRATH=| TO\ U(GRO\N TOU= QERMOU=, O(/TE KAI\ FQORA\ GI/NETAI. {1<20*KAI\ PEPE/FQAI FAME/N, W(/SPER TO\ GLEU=KOS.>20}1 @*)/ACIO/N E)STIN A)PORI/AS, PW=S LE/GEI TO\ GLEU=KOS A)/PEPTON PEPAI/NESQAI, EI)/ GE PAXU\ O)\N PROKO/PTON LEPTO/TERON GI/NETAI [1PA=S GA\R OI)=NOS PALAIOU/MENOS LEPTU/NE-TAI]1, H( DE\ PE/YIS TO\ A)NA/PALIN TA\ LEPTA\ PAXU/NEI. H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI TO\ GLEU=KOS KAQO\ ME\N GLEU=KOS LEPTO/TATO/N E)STIN: A)LLA\ SU/NEISIN AU)TW=| PNEU/MATA PAXE/A KAI\ FUSW/DH TIN' A(\ TW=| XRO/NW| DIAFOREI=TAI, KAI\ LOIPO\N ME/NEI LEPTO\N GLEU=KOS. TOU=TO H( PE/YIS PAXU/NEI KAI\ OI)=NON POIEI=: META\ DE\ TO\ GENE/SQAI OI)=NON THNI-KAU=TA % TO\ XRW=MA KATA\ ME/ROS LEPTU/NETAI. A)LLA\ PA/LIN A)PORHTE/ON. EI) GA\R H( PE/YIS PA/XUNSI/S E)STI, PW=S E)PI\ TW=N SWMA/TWN OI( PETTO/MENOI XUMOI\ LEPTO/-TEROI GI/NONTAI; H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI OU) PA/NTES, A)LLA\ MO/NON OI( PAXEI=S: OI( GA\R LEPTOI\ PAXU/NONTAI PETTO/MENOI. KANW\N GA/R E)STI TOIOU=TOS, W(/STE TA\ DUNA/MEI U(GRA\ PETTO/MENA H)\ E(YO/MENA DIALU/ESQAI, TA\ D' E)NERGEI/A| U(GRA\ PH/GNUSQAI. OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ OI( PAXEI=S XUMOI\ SXEDO\N A)NO/MOIOI/ EI)SI TOI=S DUNA/MEI U(GROI=S, TOU/TOU XA/RIN PETTO/MENOI DIALU/ONTAI KAI\ LEPTO/TEROI GI/NONTAI: OI( DE\ LEPTOI\ O(/MOIOI O)/NTES TOI=S E)NERGEI/A| U(GROI=S PETTO/MENOI PAXU/NONTAI. {1<20*(/EWS GA\R A)\N EI)/H E)N AU)TH=| O( LO/GOS, FU/SIS TOU=TO/ E)STIN.>20}1 @*(/EWS A)\N E)PIKRATH=| O( LO/GOS O( TH=S QERMO/THTOS E)N TH=| U(GRO/THTI, FU/SIS TOU=TO/ E)STIN A)NTI\ TOU= PE/YIS, I(/NA TOU= O(RISTOU=, TOUTE/STI TOU= U(GROU=, E)PIKRATH/SH| H( QERMO/THS. {1<20*)ANA/GKH DE\ TA\ PETTO/MENA PAXU/TERA KAI\ QERMO/TERA EI)=NAI.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ AU)TO\S DIARRH/DHN LE/GEI, O(/TI PA/NTWS H( PE/YIS PA/XUNSI/S E)STI. PA/XUNSIN DE\ DEI= NOEI=N TH\N SU/MMETRON TH=| PE/YEI, E)PEI/, E)A\N A)ME/TRWS H)=| PAXEI=A E)KEI/NH, KAI\ LEPTU/NETAI H( FU/SIS, I(/NA E)NE/GKH| TO\ SU/MMETRON PA/XOS: E)KEI=NA DE\ PAXU/NEI, O(/SA A)ME/TRWS EI)SI\ LEPTA/. {1<20*)APEYI/A DE/ E)STIN A)TE/LEIA DI' E)/NDEIAN TH=S OI)KEI/AS QER-MO/THTOS.>20}1 @*)ANA/PALIN TH=| PE/YEI TA\ TH=S A)PEYI/AS O(RI/ZETAI. W(/SPER H( PE/YIS TELEI/WSIS H)=N TH=S E)N TW=| PETTOME/NW| U(GRO/THTOS, TOUTE/STI SU/STASIS KAI\ PA/XUNSIS, OU(/TW KAI\ H( A)PEYI/A A)TE/LEIA TAU/THS E)STI/N. @1 {1<20*(H DE\ A)TE/LEIA/ E)STI TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN PAQW=N.>20}1 @*(/ORA, PW=S FANERW=S LE/GEI TH\N A)TE/LEIAN TH=S U(GRO/THTOS EI)=NAI: W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI KAI\ TH\N TELEI/WSIN TAU/THS A)NA/GKHN EI)=NAI. {1<20*)EPEIDH\ H( PE/YIS TELEI/WSI/S TIS, TO/TE H( PE/PANSIS TELEI/-WSI/S TIS, O(/TAN TA\ E)N TW=| PERIKARPI/W| SPE/RMATA DU/NHTAI A)PO-TELEI=N TOIOU=TON E(/TERON OI(=ON AU)TO/.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ KAI\ DIA\ TOU/TOU DH=LON, O(/TI H( TELEI/WSIS KAI\ A)TE/LEIA TH=S U(POKEI-ME/NHS U(GRO/THTO/S E)STIN E)N TW=| PA/SXONTI. EI) GA\R TOU=TO GI/NETAI, TE/LEION TO\ SPE/RMA, O(/TAN E)STI\ TOU= O(MOI/OU GENNHTIKO/N. TO/TE D' E)STI\ TOU= O(MOI/OU GENNHTIKO/N, O(/TAN H( E)N AU)TW=| U(GRO/THS SU/STASIN KAI\ PA/XUNSIN LA/BH|. TH=S A)/RA U(GRO/THTO/S E)STIN H( TELEI/WSIS. {1<20*)EK ME\N OU)=N PNEUMATIKW=N U(DATW/DH, E)K DE\ TW=N TOIOU/TWN TA\ GEHRA\ SUNI/STANTAI.>20}1 @*QE/LWN DEI=CAI, O(/TI A)EI\ H( PE/YIS E)PI\ PA/XUNSIN O(DEU/EI, E)K TW=N E)N H(MI=N PERITTWMA/TWN DEI/KNUSIN, TW=N TE A)TMW=N KAI\ TW=N U(GRW=N. {1<20*OU)DE\N D' U(GRO\N AU)TO\ KAQ' AU(TO\ PEPAI/NETAI A)/NEU CHROU=. U(/DWR GA\R OU) PAXU/NETAI MO/NON TW=N U(GRW=N.>20}1 *BOULO/MENOS DEI=CAI, O(/TI H( ME\N PE/YIS GI/NETAI KATAKRATOU=NTOS ME\N TOU= QERMOU=, KATAKRATOUME/NHS DE\ TH=S U(GRO/THTOS, H( DE\ A)PEYI/A TO\ A)NA/PALIN, PARH/GAGE TO\ U(/DWR, E)PEIDH\ AU)TO\ OU) PAXU/NETAI DIA\ TH\N O)LIGO/THTA TOU= E)N AU)TW=| QERMOU= KAI\ CHROU=. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*(/EYHSIS D' E)STI\ TO\ ME\N O(/LON PE/YIS U(PO\ QERMO/THTOS U(GRA=S TOU= E)NUPA/RXONTOS A)ORI/STOU.>20}1 @*OU)X W(S A)/N TIS OI)HQEI/H, DIALEGO/MENOS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS PERI\ E(YH/SEWS KAI\ O)PTH/SEWS O(/TI E)A/SAS TA\ FUSIKA\ PROBLH/MATA E)TRA/PH E)PI\ TA\ TEXNIKA\ @1 KAI\ MAGEIRIKH=S KAI\ O)YOPOIHTIKH=S E)/RGA H(MI=N PARADI/DWSI: TAU=TA GA\R OU) MO/NON U(PO\ TE/XNHS GI/NONTAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ U(PO\ FU/SEWS. KAI\ GA\R H( PE/YIS TW=N SITI/WN H( E)N TH=| GASTRI\ GINOME/NH E)/OIKEN E(YH/SEI: QERMW=| GA\R U(GRW=| GI/NETAI. KAI\ AU)TO\S D' *(IPPOKRA/THS E(/YHSIN TH\N PE/YIN KALEI=: FHSI\ GA\R MH/TE DI\S E(/YEIN TA\ SITI/A. KAI\ O)/PTHSIS DE\ GI/NETAI U(PO\ FU/SEWS. H( GA\R DU/SKRATOS KAI\ QERMH\ GASTH\R O)PTA=| TA\ PROSAGO/MENA: KAI\ DHLOU=SI TAU=TA AI( E)RUGAI/. A)LLA\ MH/TIS LEGE/TW, O(/TI KAI\ EI) A)/MFW TAU=TA U(PO\ FU/SEWS GI/NETAI, TI/ DH/-POTE PROE/TACEN O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N O)/PTHSIN TH=S E(YH/SEWS; A)KOU/SETAI GA/R, O(/TI E)PEIDH\ H( E(/YHSIS KATA\ FU/SIN, H( D' O)/PTHSIS PARA\ FU/SIN, TIMIW/TERA DE\ TA\ KATA\ FU/SIN TW=N PARA\ FU/SIN. TRI/A DE/ TINA ZHTEI= PERI\ TH=S E(YH/SEWS O( FILO/SOFOS: PRW=TON, TI/ E)STIN E(/YHSIS: DEU/TERON DE/, TI/NA E)STI\ TA\ E(YO/MENA KAI\ TI/NA ME\N KURI/WS E(/YETAI, TI/NA DE\ KATA\ METAFORA/N, KAI\ TI/NA E)/TI MA=LLON KATA\ METAFORA/N: TRI/TON PRO\S TOI=S EI)RHME/NOIS, TI/NA TA\ U(PA/RXONTA TOI=S E(YO-ME/NOIS. A)RCW/MEQA A)PO\ TOU= PRW/TOU KAI\ EI)/PWMEN, TI/ E)STIN E(/YHSIS. E(/YHSIS TOI/NUN E)STI\ PE/YIS TOU= U(GROU= TOU= E)N TW=| E(YOME/NW| U(PO\ QERMOU= U(GROU= GINO-ME/NH: TA\ GA\R E(YO/MENA PA/NTA E)N U(GRW=| QERMW=| A)POTI/QETAI. O(/QEN KAI\ A)POREI= O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, POU= A)\N TAGH=| H( THGA/NISIS: MH/POTE OU)=N KAI\ TA\ THGANIZO/MENA E(/YETAI, W(S A)\N E)N U(GRW=| E)LAI/W| THGANIZO/MENA. KAI\ LU/OMEN LE/GONTES, O(/TI MA=LLON TAU/THN TH=| O)PTH/SEI PROSKEXW/RHKEN H)/PER TH=| E(YH/SEI, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ TA\ THGANIZO/MENA MA=LLON QERMW=| CHRW=| THGANI/ZONTAI. DIA\ GA\R TAU/THN TH\N AI)TI/AN OU)D' E)N POLLW=| E)LAI/W| QE/LEI THGANI/ZESQAI, W(/STE YAU/EIN TH=| E)PIFANEI/A| TOU= THGA/NOU. KAI\ TA\ ME\N E(YO/MENA A)POTI/QETAI MA=LLON TH\N OI)KEI/AN U(GRO/THTA E)N TW=| U(GRW=|, E)N W(=| E(/YETAI, E(LKOME/NHS AU)TW=N TH=S U(GRO/THTOS U(PO\ TH=S QERMASI/AS TH=S E)N TW=| U(GRW=|, E)N W(=| E(/YONTAI, W(S DHLOU=SIN OI( ZWMOI\ METALAMBA/NONTES TH=S POIO/THTOS TW=N E(YOME/NWN: TA\ DE\ THGANIZO/MENA TOU)NANTI/ON E(/LKEI PRO\S E(AUTA\ TO\ U(GRO/N, E)N W(=| E(/YETAI, E(/LKETAI D' H( U(GRO/THS AU)TW=N U(P' AU)TOU=. O(/QEN KAI\ SUMBAI/NEI TW=N E(YOME/NWN TO\N ZWMO\N H(DU/TERON U(PA/RXEIN W(S A)\N METALAMBA/NONTA TH=S POIO/THTOS TW=N E(YOME/NWN: MA=LLON DE\ AU)TO\ TO\ THGANIZO/MENO/N E)STI H(DU/TERON TOU= E)LAI/OU, E)N W(=| THGANI/ZETAI, W(S A)\N AU)TO\ MA=LLON METALAMBA/NON TOU= E)LAI/OU H)/PER E)KEI=NO TOU/TOU. KAI\ TOU=TO ME/N E)STI TO\ PRW=TON. DEU/TERO/N FHSIN, O(/TI TA\ E(YO/MENA DEI= E)/NIKMA EI)=NAI KAI\ PA/NTWS METE/XEIN U(GRO/THTOS AI)SQHTH=S [1DIA\ GA\R TAU/THN TH\N AI)TI/AN KAI\ LI/QOI OU)X E(/YONTAI W(S MH\ METE/XONTES U(GRO/THTOS AI)SQHTH=S, EI) KAI\ TH\N SUNEKTIKH\N E)/XOUSIN, H(=S STERO/MENOI DIAPI/PTOUSI KAI\ YA/MMOS GI/NONTAI]1, KAI\ U(GRO/THTOS OU) TH=S TUXOU/SHS, A)LLA\ PAQHTIKH=S U(PO\ QERMO/THTOS, E)PEI/ TOI/ GE OU)DE\ TA\ CU/LA E(/YONTAI KAI\ TA\ METE/XONTA U(GRO/THTOS. CU/LA DE\ OU) PA/NTA, A)LLA\ TA\ PUKNO/- @1TERA KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA, E)PEI/ TOI/ GE TA\ MANO/TERA E(/YONTAI, A(/TINA U(PO\ TH=S A)N-AGOME/NHS AI)QA/LHS TOU= PURO\S E(/YETAI: W(S TELEUTAI=ON KAI\ A)/KAPNA AU)TA\ KALEI=-SQAI TW=| KAPNO\N MH\ POIEI=N PRODEDAPANHME/NHS AU)TW=N TH=S U(GRO/THTOS E)N TH=| PROGENOME/NH| E(YH/SEI. % KURI/WS D' E(/YONTAI GLEU=KOS KAI\ GA/LA KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA, DIO/TI OU)K E)N A)LLOTRI/W| U(GRW=| E(/YONTAI. E)/TI DE\ MA=LLON KATA\ METAFORA\N O( XRUSO/S, E)PEIDH\ OU(=TOS OU)D' A)POBA/LLEI TINA\ U(GRO/THTA E)N TH=| E(YH/SEI [1O( KEKAQARME/NOS DHLONO/TI: O( GA\R R(UPARO\S TO\N PROSO/NTA AU)TW=| R(U/PON MO/NON A)POBA/LLEI]1. KAI\ TOU=TO TO\ DEU/TERON. EI)=T' E)FECH=S KAI\ PERI\ TW=N U(PARXO/NTWN TOI=S E(YOME/NOIS DIALAMBA/NEI [1TOU=TO GA\R H)=N TO\ TRI/TON TW=N E)PAGGELLOME/NWN]1 KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI KAQO/LOU U(PA/RXEI PA=SI TOI=S E(YOME/NOIS TO\ E)LA/TTOSI GI/NESQAI, KAI\ H)\ BARUTE/ROIS H)\ PAXUTE/ROIS, TOU= "3H)/"3 E)NTAU=QA H(MW=N MH\ W(S DIAZEUKTIKOU= A)KOUO/NTWN, A)LLA\ MA=LLON W(S SUMPLEKTIKOU=. E)P' E)/LATTON ME\N GA\R GI/NETAI PA/NTWS TA\ E(YO/MENA, A)LL' H)\ O)LI/GA KAI\ BARE/A H)\ O)LI/GA KAI\ PAXE/A. O(/QEN TO\ E)/LAION LE/GOMEN MH\ E(/YESQAI, E)PEIDH\ MH\ E)PIDE/XETAI PA/NTA TA\ TOU= E(YOME/NOU I)/DIA: E)/LATTON ME\N GI/NETAI PA/NTWS, A)LL' OU)/TE BARU/TERON OU)/TE PAXU/TERON. OU)/TE GA\R H( ME\N AU)TOU= A)ERW/DHS OU)SI/A KAI\ PNEUMATW/DHS DIAFOREI=TAI MENOU/SHS TH=S U(GRO/THTOS, I(/NA TAU/TH| BARU/TERON GE/NHTAI A)PO-STA/NTOS TOU= A)NOXOU=NTOS [1GLI/SXRAS GA\R OU)/SHS TH=S U(GRO/THTOS OU)K E)A=| TO\ PNEUMATW=DES DIAFORHQH=NAI]1, OU)/TE MH\N H( U(GRO/THS DIAFOREI=TAI MENOU/SHS TH=S PNEUMATW/DOUS OU)SI/AS, I(/NA TAU/TH| PAXU/TERON GE/NHTAI KAI\ KOUFO/TERON, A)LL' O(MOTI/MWS DIAFOREI=TAI H(/ TE U(GRO/THS KAI\ H( A)ERW/DHS OU)SI/A, KAI\ OU) SUMBAI/NEI O)LIGOU=SQAI. PARA/DEIGMA DE\ TOU= O)LI/GA KAI\ PAXE/A KAI\ KOU=FA GI/NESQAI TA\ E(YO/MENA TA\ KRE/A. TAU=TA GA\R E)N TH=| E(YH/SEI TH\N U(GRO/THTA A)POLLU/NTA A)NA/GKH PAXU/TERA AU)TA\ EI)=NAI KAI\ KOU=FA META\ TOU= O)LIGOU=SQAI. O(/QEN KAI\ PLEI/ONOS TIMH=S TAU=TA POIOU=NTAI DIA\ TO\ O)LI/GHN O(LKH\N E)/XEIN TA\ KRE/A TA\ POLLA/. TOU= DE\ O)LI/GA KAI\ BARU/TERA GI/NESQAI TA\ E(YO/MENA PARA/DEIGMA O( XALKO\S O( KEKAUME/NOS: OU(=TOS GA\R E)N TH=| KAU/SEI A)POTI/QETAI TO\ A)ERW=DES, O(/PER EI)=XE, %2 PAXU\N A)NA/GKH KAI\ H)XHTIKO\N AU)TO\N EI)=NAI DIA\ TOU=TO, W(S DHLOU=SI TA\ KU/MBALA KAI\ OI( KW/DWNES: TOU=TO OU)=N A)POTIQE/MENOS E)N TH=| KAU/SEI BARU/TEROS GI/NETAI. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TH=S E(YH/SEWS. E)F' OI(=S O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ PERI\ O)PTH/SEWS DIALE/GETAI KAI/ TINA PERI\ AU)TH=S PARADI/DWSI: PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI E)RGWDE/STERON TH\N O)/PTHSIN E)RGA/ZESQAI H)/PER TH\N E(/YHSIN, DIO/TI TW=N O)PTWME/NWN EU)QU\S OI( PO/ROI SUMMU/OUSI DIA\ TH\N POLLH\N QERMO/THTA KAI\ TA\ ME\N E)/CWQEN PERIFRU/T-TETAI, TA\ DE\ E)/NDON ME/NEI W)MA/. KAI\ OU)K E)/STI TH\N O)/PTHSIN O(MALH\N E)RGA/-SASQAI: TH\N D' E(/YHSIN O(MALH\N DUNATO\N W(S A)\N DIIKNOUME/NHS TH=S QERMASI/AS KAI\ PERI\ TO\ BA/QOS. O(/QEN KAI\ A)KRIBE/STERON U(PO\ FU/SEWS GE/NOIT' A)\N H( O)/PTHSIS H)\ U(PO\ TE/XNHS, W(S A)\N TH=S FU/SEWS DUNAME/NHS METRH=SAI TO\ QERMO/N, W(S MH\ @1 EU)QU\S PERIFRU=CAI TH\N E)KTO\S E)PIFA/NEIAN H)\ MU/SAI TOU\S PO/ROUS PARASKEUA/SAI. DEU/TERON DE\ PARADI/DWSI PERI\ O)PTH/SEWS, O(/TI TA\ O)PTW/MENA H(DU/TERA TW=N E(YOME/NWN EI)SI\ DIA\ TO\ TH\N OI)KEI/AN AU)TW=N U(GRO/THTA E)NAPOKLEI/ESQAI PERI-FRUTTOME/NHS TH=S E)PIFANEI/AS AU)TW=N. TRI/TON D' O(/TI H( O)/PTHSIS KAI\ H( E(/YHSIS U(PO\ FU/SEWS GI/NONTAI. KAI\ EI)S TAU=TA MA=LLON DEI= A)NAGAGEI=N TH\N PE/YIN, OU)X W(/S TINES E)NO/MISAN U(PO\ TH\N SH=YIN E)K TOU= GI/NESQAI E(/LMINQAS E)N TH=| GASTRI/, O(/POU H( PE/YIS TW=N SITI/WN. LE/GOMEN GA/R, O(/TI OU)K E)N TH=| GASTRI\ GI/NONTAI, A)LL' E)N TOI=S E)NTE/ROIS H)\ TOI=S LEPTOI=S H)\ TOI=S PAXE/SIN, W(S DHLOU=SIN AI( TOU/TWN E)KKRI/SEIS, TW=| TAU/TAS LEPTA\S KAI\ STROGGU/LAS, A(/TE E)N TOI=S LEPTOI=S E)NTE/ROIS GINO/MENAI, A)NEMEI=SQAI MO/NON, W(S A)\N TW=N LEPTW=N E)NTE/RWN PARAKEI-ME/NWN TH=| GASTRI/, KA/TWQEN DE\ PAXEI/AS KAI\ LEPTA\S E)KKRI/NESQAI: PAXEI/AS ME/N, EI) E)N TOI=S PAXE/SIN E)NTE/ROIS W)=SI GEGENHME/NAI, LEPTA\S DE\ KAI\ STROGGU/LAS, EI) E)N TOI=S LEPTOI=S. W(=| DH=LON, O(/TI E)NTO\S GI/NONTAI KAI\ OU)K E)N TH=| GASTRI/: OU) GA\R E)/FEREN H( FU/SIS TOSAU/THN E)/MFRACIN KAI\ SH=YIN E)N TH=| GASTRI/. TELEUTAI=ON DE\ PROSTI/QHSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, O(/TI OU)K A)NTI/KEITAI TH=| O)PTH/SEI H( STA/QEUSIS. H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI H( DUNAME/NH AU)TH=| KAI\ TH=| E(YH/SEI A)NTIKEI=SQAI: KAI\ GA\R H( MO/LUNSIS STA/QEUSI/S TI/S E)STIN. A)LL' A)NW/NUMO/N E)STI TO\ KURI/WS A)NTIKEI/MENON TH=| O)PTH/SEI. TAU=TA PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*(/EYHSIS D' E)STI\ TO\ ME\N O(/LON PE/YIS U(PO\ QERMO/THTOS U(GRA=S TOU= E)NUPA/RXONTOS A)ORI/STOU E)N TW=| U(GRW=|.>20}1 @<20*(/OLON>20 LE/GEI A)NTI\ TOU= "3TW=| GE/NEI H( E(/YHSIS LE/GETAI U(PO\ QERMOU= GINOME/NH"3. <20A)O/RISTON>20 DE\ KALEI= TO\ U(GRO\N W(S MH\ O(RIZO/MENON OI)KEI/W| O(/RW|. {1<20*LE/GETAI DE\ TOU)/NOMA KURI/WS MO/NON E)PI\ TW=N E(YOME/NWN.>20}1 @*(\O LE/GEI TOU=TO/ E)STIN, O(/TI LE/GETAI H( E(/YHSIS E)PI\ TW=N QERMW=N U(GRW=N GINOME/NWN. TOU=TO DHLOI= <20TO\ E(YO/MENON:>20 GELOI=ON GA\R TO\ EI)PEI=N: "3E(/YHSIS LE/GETAI A)PO\ TW=N E(YOME/NWN"3. {1<20*TOU=TO D' A)\N EI)/H, W(/SPER EI)/RHTAI, PNEUMATW=DES.>20}1 @*TOU=TO/ FHSI: % TW=| E)N TW=| E(YOME/NW| U(GRW=| E)/N TISI ME/N E)STI PNEUMATW=DES, W(/SPER E)N O)SPRI/OIS, E)/N TISI D' U(DATW=DES, W(/SPER E)N LAXA/NOIS, E)N A)/LLOIS D' A)/MFW, W(/SPER E)PI\ TOU= GLEU/KOUS. {1<20*(H DE\ PE/YIS GI/NETAI U(PO\ TOU= E)N TW=| U(GRW=| PURO/S: TA\ GA\R E)PI\ TW=N THGA/NWN O)PTA=TAI.>20}1 @*(H PE/YIS H( E)PI\ TH=S E(YH/SEWS LEGOME/NH U(PO\ QERMOU= U(GROU= GI/NETAI. @1 LOIPO\N PERI\ THGANISMOU= A)POREI=, POU= QETE/ON TO\N PERI\ AU)TOU= LO/GON, PO/TERON TW=N E(YOME/NWN H)\ TW=N O)PTWME/NWN. {1<20*)EN W(=| D' E)STI\N U(GRW=|, POIEI= E)KEI=NO MA=LLON CHRO\N O)\N EI)S E(AUTO\ A)NALAMBA/NON.>20}1 @*META\ DE\ TOU= A)NWTE/RW EI)PEI=N <20O)PTA=TAI>20 META\ TW=N O)PTWME/NWN AU)TO\ TI/QHSI: DIA\ DE\ TOU= NU=N EI)PEI=N <20E)N W(=| DE/ E)STIN U(GRO\N POIEI=N>20 META\ TW=N E(YOME/NWN [1TA\ GA\R O)PTW/MENA OU)K E)N U(GRW=| GI/NONTAI]1, W(S EI)=NAI DH=LON, O(/TI METACU/ E)STI TW=N E(YOME/NWN KAI\ O)PTWME/NWN. {1<20*DIO\ CHRO/TERA TA\ E(FQA\ TW=N O)PTW=N: OU) GA\R A)NASPA=| EI)S E(AUTA\ TO\ U(GRO\N TA\ E(YO/MENA.>20}1 @% *(OPO/TAN OU)=N KOINW=S TA\ O)PTW/MENA KAI\ THGANIZO/MENA KALH=|. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI TA\ E(FQA\ CHRO/TERA/ EI)SI TOU/TWN DIA\ TO\ E)N ZWMW=| TH\N OI)KEI/AN U(GRO/THTA A)POLU/EIN, TAU=TA DE\ KATE/XEIN: OU) GA\R %2 DIA\ TO\ TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN PERIFRU/TTESQAI. {1<20*)/ESTI D' OU) PA=N SW=MA E(YHTO/N.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TO\ DEU/TERON LE/GEI PERI\ E(YH/SEWS, TOUTE/STI POI=A/ EI)SI TA\ E(YO/MENA, KAI\ POI=A TA\ MH\ E(YO/MENA, KAI\ TW=N E(YOME/NWN POI=A ME\N KURI/WS, POI=A DE\ KATA\ METAFORA/N. {1<20*)ALL' O(/SA TW=N SWMA/TWN E)/XEI U(GRO/THTA PAQHTIKH\N U(PO\ TH=S E)N TW=| U(GRW=| PURW/SEWS.>20}1 @*DIA\ TOU/TOU E)SAFH/NISEN H(MI=N, POI=A/ EI)SI TA\ E(YO/MENA. {1<20*OU) GA\R KEI=TAI TA\ O)NO/MATA TAI=S DIAFORAI=S.>20}1 @*EI) H)=N TA\ KATA\ METAFORA\N E(YO/MENA A)/LLOIS O)NO/MASIN O)NOMA/SAI, OU)K A)\N E)LE/GOMEN AU)TA\ E(/YESQAI, A)LL' A)/LLO TI PA/SXEIN, W(/SPER E)PI\ TOU= XRUSOU= KAI\ TOU= GLEU/KOUS KAI\ TOU= GA/LAKTOS. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ OU)/K EI)SIN O)NO/MATA TOI=S TOI-OU/TOIS PA/QESIN AU)TW=N, TOU/TOU XA/RIN E(/YESQAI AU)TA\ LE/GOMEN. {1<20*(/OTAN O( E)N TW=| U(GRW=| XUMO\S EI)S EI)=DO/S TI METABA/LH|.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STI PAXU/NETAI KAI\ SUNI/STATAI PRW/HN U(DATW/DHS W)/N. TOU=TO LE/GEI @1 E)PI\ TOU= GA/LAKTOS KAI\ TOU= GLEU/KOUS, DIA\ TO\ OI(=ON E(/YESQAI KAI\ AU)TA\ DIA\ TO\ PAXU/NESQAI KAI\ O)LIGOU=SQAI: TOU=TO GA\R I)/DIO/N E)STI TW=N E(YOME/NWN. {1<20*(/WSTE O(/SA PAXU/TERA DU/NATAI GENE/SQAI E)LA/TTW H)\ BA-RU/TERA.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TO\ TRI/TON PARA/DEIGMA PARADI/DWSI KAI\ DIDA/SKEI, TI/NA EI)SI\ TA\ E(PO/MENA TOI=S E(YOME/NOIS: KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI PA=SI ME\N SUMBAI/NEI TO\ O)LI/GA KAI\ PAXE/A GI/NESQAI, A)LL' H)\ O)LI/GA KAI\ BARE/A [2H)\]2 O)LI/GA KAI\ KOU=FA, TOU= PAXE/OS E)F' E(KATE/ROU O)/NTOS. {1<20*TO\ D' E)/LAION OU)X E(/YETAI AU)TO\ KAQ' E(AUTO/, O(/TI TOU/TWN OU)DE\N PA/SXEI.>20}1 @<20*TOU/TWN,>20 POI/WN; OU)DE\ GA\R PAXU/TERON OU)DE\ LEPTO/TERON OU)/TE BARU/TERON OU)/TE KOUFO/TERON GI/NETAI, W(/SPER TA\ E(YO/MENA, O)LIGOU=TAI DE\ MO/NON. {1<20*KAI\ OU)DE\N DIAFE/REI E)N O)RGA/NOIS TEXNIKOI=S H)\ FUSIKOI=S, E)A\N GE/NHTAI: DIA\ GA\R TH\N AU)TH\N AI)TI/AN GI/NETAI.>20}1 @*)=ARA PW=S TH\N E(/YHSIN KAI\ U(PO\ FU/SEWS LE/GEI GI/NESQAI; E(/YHSIN U(PO\ FU/SEWS KALW=N TH\N TW=N SITI/WN PE/YIN: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ H( TEXNIKH\ E(/YHSIS KAI\ H( FUSIKH\ U(PO\ QERMOU= U(GROU= GI/NETAI SUNISTW=NTOS KAI\ O(RI/ZONTOS TO\ E)N TW=| E(YOME/NW| U(GRO/N. {1<20*MO/LUNSIS D' E)STI\N A)PEYI/A E)NANTI/A E(YH/SEI. EI)/H D' A)\N E)NANTI/A H(/ TE PRW/TH LEXQEI=SA A)PEYI/A TOU= E)N TW=| SW/MATI A)ORI/STOU.>20}1 @*(ORISMO\N NU=N LE/GEI TH=S MOLU/NSEWS OU) PA/SHS, A)LLA\ TH=S PRW/THS. TI/S D' E)STI\N H( PRW/TH MO/LUNSIS; H)\ DH=LON, O(/TI H( A)NTIKEIME/NH TH=| KURI/WS E(YH/SEI. DITTH\ GA\R H( MO/LUNSIS: H( ME\N A)NTIKEIME/NH TH=| KURI/WS E(YH/SEI, H( DE\ TH=| KATA\ METAFORA/N. AU(/TH OU)=N, FHSI/N, A)PEYI/A TI/S E)STI TOU= E)N TW=| E(YOME/NW| U(GROU=. GI/NETAI DE\ DIA\ TE/SSARAS AI)TI/AS: H)\ GA\R DIA\ TH\N TOU= PERIE/XONTOS YU/CIN, H)\ DI' E)/NDEIAN PURO/S, H)\ DIA\ PLH=QOS U(/DATOS BALLOME/NOU YUXROU=, H)\ DIA\ PLH=QOS TW=N E(YOME/NWN. KAI\ TAU=TA AU)TO\S KATA\ TH\N LE/CIN PARADI/DWSI. {1<20*TO/TE GA\R SUMBAI/NEI TH\N E)N TW=| U(GRW=| QERMO/THTA PLEI/W ME\N EI)=NAI H)\ W(/STE MH\ KINEI=SQAI. E)LA/TTW DE\ H)\ W(/STE O(MALU=NAI KAI\ SUMPE/YAI.>20}1 @*TH\N AI)TI/AN NU=N LE/GEI, DI' H(\N POLLW=N O)/NTWN TW=N E(YOME/NWN OU) GI/NETAI @1 E(/YHSIS TELEI/A: OU)/TE MH\N PA/MPAN A)NE/YHTA MENOU=SI. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI E(YHTA\ ME\N PA/MPAN OU) MENOU=SIN, E)PEIDH\ OU)X OU(/TWS E)STI\N O)LI/GH KAI\ A)SQENH\S H( QERMO/THS, W(S MH/TE O(/LWS AU)TW=N A(/YASQAI TW=N E(YOME/NWN KAI\ TAKERW=SAI AU)TA/, TOUTE/STI SUMPE/YAI: E)LA/TTWN GA/R E)STIN W(S PRO\S TH\N TOU=TO POIOU=SAN QERMO/THTA. AU(/TH DE\ H( E)/NNOIA KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)/LLWN AI)TIW=N A(RMO/ZEI TH=S MOLU/NSEWS: O(/QEN DIA\ TO\ MH\ KATAKRATH=SAI TH\N QERMO/THTA SKLHRA/ EI)SI TA\ MEMOLUSME/NA. {1<20*)/OPTHSIS D' E)STI\ PE/YIS U(PO\ QERMO/THTOS CHRA=S KAI\ A)LLOTRI/AS.>20}1 @*METH=LQE NU=N E)PI\ TH\N E(TE/RAN A)NTI/QESIN. {1<20*)/ESTI DE/, W(/SPER E)LE/GOMEN, TA\ EI)/DH KAQO/LOU TAU=TA KAI\ FUSIKA\ O(/MOIA TA\ GINO/MENA PA/QH, A)LL' A)NW/NUMA: MIMEI=TAI GA\R H(= TE/XNH TH\N FU/SIN.>20}1 @*(/WSPER KAQO/LOU EI)/POMEN O)/PTHSIN E(/YHSIN U(PO\ TE/XNHS GINOME/NHN, OU(/TW KAI\ U(PO\ FU/SEWS O(RW=MEN GINOME/NHN. KAI\ MA=LLON U(PO\ FU/SEWS: H( GA\R TE/XNH TH\N FU/SIN MIMHSAME/NH TAU=TA E)PETH/DEUSEN. O(MOI/A GA\R H( E)RGASI/A AU)TW=N KAI\ E)PI\ TE/XNHS KAI\ E)PI\ FU/SEWS, O(/QEN OU)D' O)NO/MASI DIAFO/ROIS KE/KLHNTAI: A)MFO/TERA GA\R PE/YIS KAI\ A)PEYI/A. {1<20*(/OMOIA E)/NIA TH=| MOLU/NSEI.>20}1 @*DHLONO/TI AI( LO/GW| PE/YEWS GINO/MENAI: H( GA\R MO/LUNSIS DI' E)/NDEIAN QERMOU= GI/NETAI. {1<20*KAI\ ZW=|ON OU)K E)GGI/NETAI TH=| PE/YEI, W(/S TINE/S FASI.>20}1 @*TOU=TO W(S PRO\S TOU\S LE/GONTAS SH=YIN EI)=NAI TH\N PE/YIN KATASKEUA/ZONTAS TOU=TO E)K TOU= GENE/SQAI E(/LMINQAS E)N TH=| GASTRI\ U(PO\ SH/YEWS LE/GEI. OU)/PWS GA\R GI/NONTAI OI( E(/LMINQES, FHSI/N, E)/NQA GI/NETAI H( PE/YIS, TOUTE/STIN E)N TH=| GASTRI/, A)LL' E)N TOI=S E)NTE/ROIS: O(/TAN DE\ ME/LLH| E)MEI=SQAI, TO/TE A)NE/RXONTAI A)/NW. {1<20*)\H SUMBAI/H A)\N H)\ DI' O)LIGO/THTA TOU= E)/CW PURO\S H)\ DIA\ TO\ PLH=QOS TOU= E)N TW=| O)PTWME/NW| U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*TA\S AI)TI/AS NU=N TH=S STAQEU/SEWS PARADI/DWSIN. @1 {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*TW=N DE\ PAQHTIKW=N, TOU= U(GROU= KAI\ TOU= CHROU=, LHPTE/ON TA\ EI)/DH.>20}1 @*META\ TA\ GENIKW/TATA TW=N SUNQE/TWN, GE/NESIN LE/GW KAI\ FQORA/N, KAI\ TA\ TOU/TWN POIHTIKA\ AI)/TIA, TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N, KAI\ TA\ EI)/DH, PE/YIN KAI\ A)PEYI/AN, KAI\ TW=N EI)DW=N TA\S DIAFORA/S, PE/PANSIN, O)/PTHSIN, E(/YHSIN, KAI\ PA/LIN A)PEYI/AN, MO/LUNSIN, STA/QEUSIN, TRE/PETAI NU=N O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ E)PI\ TA\S DE/KA O)KTW\ A)NTIQE/SEIS, A(\S POIEI= ME\N TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N, PA/SXEI DE\ TO\ CHRO\N KAI\ TO\ U(GRO/N, DU/O TINA\ PROLABW/N, PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI TW=N SUNQE/TWN U(/LH E)STI\ TO\ CHRO\N KAI\ TO\ U(GRO/N, DEU/TERON, O(/TI OU) TO\ TUXO\N U(GRO\N KAI\ CHRO\N U(/LH E)STI\ TW=N SUNQE/TWN, A)LLA\ TO\ E)N GH=| KAI\ E)N U(/DATI MO/NON, OU)KE/TI DE\ E)N GH=| KAI\ A)E/RI OU)DE\ TO\ E)N A)E/RI KAI\ PURI/. KAI\ KATASKEUA/ZEI TO\ PRW=TON, O(/TI U(/LH E)STI\ TW=N SUNQE/TWN TO\ U(GRO\N KAI\ TO\ CHRO/N, E)K TOU= KAQ' AU(TO\ TO\ U(GRO\N KAI\ DIARREI=N KAI\ A)PO/LLUSQAI, TO\ DE\ CHRO\N KAQ' AU(TO\ DIALU/ESQAI: DE/ONTAI GA\R A)LLH/LWN PRO\S TO\ SUSTH=NAI. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N OU)X OI(=A/ TE/ EI)SI KAQ' AU(TA\ DIAME/NEIN, A)LLA\ DE/ONTAI TH=S A)LLH/LWN SUNEISFORA=S, % DH=LON A)EI\ TAU)TA\ O)/NTA U(/LH TW=N SUNQE/TWN. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ *)EMPEDOKLH=S TOU=TO OU)K H)GNO/HSEN, O(/TI DE/ONTAI TH=S A)LLH/LWN SUNA/RSEWS. E)/FH GA\R E)N TOI=S AU)TOU= R(H/MASIN: "A)/LFITON U(/DATI KOLLH/SAS" TO\ U(GRO\N LE/GWN KAI\ TO\ CHRO/N. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ TO\ E)N U(/DATI KAI\ GH=| CHRO\N KAI\ U(GRO/N E)STIN U(/LH TW=N SUNQE/TWN, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ E)N TW=| KOILOTA/TW| TO/PW| TOU= PANTO/S E)STIN H( GH= KAI\ TO\ U(/DWR, E)/NQA TAU=TA U(PA/RXOUSIN: O(/TI DE\ OU)/TE TO\ E)N TH=| GH=| KAI\ A)E/RI U(GRO\N KAI\ CHRO/N E)STIN U(/LH TW=N SUNQE/TWN, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ TO\ ME\N A)NWFERE\S O)/N, TO\ DE\ KATWFERE/S, E)/MELLON XWRI/ZESQAI A)P' A)LLH/LWN: KAI\ OU)K E)/TI SU/NQESIS H)=N TW=N SUNQE/TWN, A)LLA\ DIA/LUSIS. OU)/TE MH\N TO\ E)N PURI\ KAI\ A)E/RI U(GRO\N KAI\ CHRO/N, E)PEIDH\ TO\ E)N PURI\ CHRO\N DRASTIKW/TATON O)\N A)NH/LWSEN A)\N TO\ E)N A)E/RI U(GRO/N, KAI\ OU)K E)/TI GE/NESIS H)=N TW=N SUNQE/TWN, A)LLA\ FQORA/. A)LL' A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORI/AS, PW=S TO\ E)N GH=| CHRO\N EI)DOPOIHTIKO\N O)\N DRASTIKW/TATON OU) LE/GOMEN, TO\ D' E)N TW=| PURI\ CHRO\N MH\ O)\N EI)DOPOIO\N TOU= PURO\S DRASTIKO\N LE/GOMEN. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI AI( E)N TOI=S DRASTIKOI=S STOIXEI/OIS POIO/THTES, KA)\N MH\ W)=SIN AU)TW=N EI)DOPOIOI/, DRASTI-KW/TERAI TW=N U(LIKW=N STOIXEI/WN EI)SI/. PA/LIN D' A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORI/AS, PW=S NU=N O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS U(/DWR A)PONE/MEI TW=| U(GRW=|, W(S A)\N TOU=TO EI)DOPOIOU/MENON TO\N A)E/RA. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI DITTO\N TO\ U(GRO/N, TO\ ME\N W(S KAQ' AU(TO/, TO\ DE\ W(S [2PRO\S]2 TA\ SU/NQETA. W(S ME\N KAQ' AU(TO/, O(/TAN AU)TH\N TH\N FU/SIN TOU= U(GROU= TIS E)CETA/ZEI, W(S DE\ PRO\S TA\ SU/NQETA, O(/TAN TH\N PRO\S AU)TA\ GINOME/NHN TOU= U(GROU= E)NE/RGEIAN. O(/TAN OU)=N LE/GH|, O(/TI TO\ U(GRO\N TOU= A)E/ROS E)STI/, THNIKAU=TA TH\N KAQ' AU(TO\ FU/SIN @1 TOU= U(GROU= E)CETA/ZEI: PA/NTWN GA\R TW=N A)/LLWN STOIXEI/WN U(GRO/TATO/S E)STIN O( A)H\R W(S R(UTO\S MA=LLON TOU= U(/DATOS. O(/TAN DE\ TW=| U(/DATI A)PONE/MH| TO\ U(GRO/N, W(S PRO\S TA\ SU/NQETA A)FORW=N TOU=TO LE/GEI. MA=LLON GA\R H(MA=S U(GRAI/NEI TO\ U(/DWR H)/PER O( A)H/R, E)PEIDH\ TO\ ME\N U(/DWR KATWFERE\S O)\N W(/SPER TA\ SU/NQETA E)PI\ PLEI/ONA XRO/NON O(MILEI= TOI=S SW/MASIN A(/TE DH\ SU\N AU)TOI=S O)/N, O( DE\ A)H\R A)NW-FERH\S W)\N KAI\ SPEU/DWN E)PI\ TH\N OI)KEI/AN FORA\N OU)K E)MBRADU/NEI PERI\ TA\ SW/-MATA. KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN H(=TTON U(GRAI/NEI TOU= U(/DATOS. @*TAU=TA PROLABW\N O( FILO/SOFOS A)/RXETAI TW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN. KAI\ DIA-LE/GETAI PRW=TON PERI\ TOU= MALAKOU= KAI\ TOU= SKLHROU=. TOU=TO DE\ POIEI= EI)KO/TWS, E)PEIDH\ A)NTI/FASIN TAU=TA MIMOU=NTAI KAI/TOI KATAFATIKA\ U(PA/RXONTA W(/SPER TO\ A)/RTION KAI\ TO\ PERITTO/N. KAI\ O(RISMOU\S TOU/TWN PARADI/DWSI KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI MALAKO/N E)STI TO\ U(PEI=KON TH=| A(FH=|, SKLHRO\N DE\ TO\ MH\ U(PEI=KON. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ O( A)H\R KAI\ TO\ U(/DWR U(PEI/KEI TH=| A(FH=|, A)=RA PARA\ TOU=TO MALAKO/S E)STIN O( A)H\R KAI\ TO\ U(/DWR; OU)KOU=N DEI= PROSQEI=NAI OU) TO\ U(PEI=KON TH=| A(FH=| KATA\ BA/QOS, A)LLA\ A)DIAIRE/TOU MENOU/SHS TH=S E)PIFANEI/AS, OI(=ON O( KHRO\S KAI\ TO\ STE/AR H)/ TI TOIOU=TON. O( ME\N GA\R A)H\R KAI\ TO\ U(/DWR OU) MO/NON KATA\ BA/QOS, A)LLA\ KAI\ KATA\ PLA/TOS U(PEI/KEI DIAIROU/MENA, TA\ DE\ MALAKA\ A)DIAI/RETA ME/-NONTA U(PEI/KEI KATA\ BA/QOS. E)NTEU=QEN E)PILAMBA/NETAI O( *)AFRODISIEU\S TOU= FILO-SO/FOU, E)PEIDH\ EI)=PE TH\N A(FH\N PANTO\S SKLHROU= KAI\ PANTO\S MALAKOU= AI)SQA/-NESQAI. OU) GA\R PANTO/S FHSIN AI)SQA/NESQAI [1OU) DH/POU GA\R TA\ O(/MOIA E)N TOI=S O(MOI/OIS]1, A)LLA\ MA=LLON TOU= A)NOMOI/OU. O( DE\ ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS KALW=S E)/FH LE/GEIN TO\N *)ARISTOTE/LHN. OU) GA\R O(/MOION E)/LEGEN EI)=NAI TO\ A(PTO/MENON TOU= A(PTOU=, E)PEIDH\ OU)X OI( DA/KTULOI/ EI)SIN OI( AI)SQANO/MENOI TOU= MALAKOU= KAI\ SKLHROU=, A)LLA\ TO\ PNEU=MA TO\ A(PTIKO/N, O(/PER E)N AU)TOI=S E)MPERIE/XETAI: TOU=TO D' OU)/TE MALAKO/N E)STI OU)/TE SKLHRO/N, EI)/ GE OU)/TE O( A)H/R. A)LLA\ MA=LLON E)/DEI LE/GEIN, O(/TI OU) PANTO\S QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU= AI)SQA/NETAI H( A(FH/: OU) GA\R KAI\ TOU= A)NOMOI/OU. O(/QEN OI( DA/KTULOI A(/MA GE/ PWS AI)SQA/NONTAI A)LLH/LWN KAI\ OU) KURI/WS, DIA\ TO\ O(MOI/WS KEKRA=SQAI KAI\ E)LA/XISTON EI)=NAI E)N AU)TOI=S TH\N PARATROPH/N. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N PERI\ TOU= O(RISMOU= TOU= MALAKOU= KAI\ SKLHROU= KAI\ TH=S A)PORI/AS. E)F' OI(=S FHSIN, O(/TI TO\ MALAKO\N KAI\ TO\ SKLHRO\N PRO/S TI/ EI)SI TA\ TOIAU=TA: A)/LLO GA\R A)/LLW| MALAKO\N KAI\ A)/LLW| A)/LLO SKLHRO/N. I)DOU\ GOU=N A)QLHTH/S TIS W)/FQH TA\ LEGO/MENA BOLI/DIA DIAQRU/YAS KAI/TOI SKLHRA\ O)/NTA TH=| A(FH=|: A)LL' O(/MWS E)KEI/NW| MALAKA\ GE/GONEN. OU(/TW DE\ KAI\ O( *TUANEU\S *)APOL-LW/NIOS "3TI/ POTE/ E)STI LO/GOS"3, E)/FH, "3W(=| TOU=TO EI)/KEI;"3 TO\N DA/KTULON KATA\ LI/QOU PROSAGAGW/N, KAI/TOI LI/QOU PRO\S TH\N A(FH\N TOU= DAKTU/LOU U(POXWRH/SANTOS. @*)ALL' E)PEIDH\ TO\ SKLHRO\N KAI\ TO\ MALAKO\N U(PO\ TH/CEWS GI/NONTAI KAI\ PH/CEWS, EI)KO/TWS KAI\ PERI\ TH/CEWS KAI\ PH/CEWS DIALE/GETAI O( FILO/SOFOS: TO\ ME\N GA\R SKLHRO\N U(PO\ PH/CEWS, TO\ DE\ MALAKO\N U(PO\ TH/CEWS GI/NETAI. A)LL' @1 E)PEIDH\ TO\ THKTO\N KAI\ TO\ PHKTO\N U(GRW=| KAI\ CHRW=| GI/NETAI, TO\ ME\N THKTO\N U(GRW=|, TO\ DE\ PHKTO\N CHRW=|, TOU/TOU XA/RIN KAI\ PERI\ CHROU= KAI\ U(GROU= DIA-LE/GETAI. KAI\ DIDA/SKEI H(MA=S, KATA\ PO/SOUS TRO/POUS GI/NETAI TA\ CHRAINO/-MENA, KATA\ PO/SOUS DE\ TA\ U(GRAINO/MENA. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI E(KA/TERON PENTAXW=S: A)LLA\ PW=S ME\N U(GRAI/NEI TO\ U(GRAINO/MENON, H( E)FECH=S QEWRI/A PARASTH/SEI: NU=N D' E)ROU=MEN, O(/PWS CHRAI/NETAI TO\ CHRAINO/MENON. PRW=TOS ME\N GA\R TRO/POS CHRO/THTOS, W(S O(/TAN U(/DWR PAXU\ O)\N PRO\S TH\N OI)KEI/AN FU/SIN LEPTO/TERON KAI\ EU)DIAFO/RHTON GE/NHTAI KAI\ DIA\ TOU/TOU CHRANQH=|. DEU/TEROS TRO/POS CHRO/THTOS E)PI\ OI)/NOU KAI\ GA/LAKTOS H)\ O)RROU= H)/ TINOS TOIOU/TOU U(GROU=. TRI/TOS W(S E)PI\ TW=N META/LLWN. KAI\ AU)TA\ GA/R, E)PEIDH\ U(GRO/THS E)STI\ PAGEI=SA, E)PIDE/XETAI U(GRO/THTA W(S PRO\S TA\ KATAFRUTTO/MENA ME/TALLA. TE/TARTON W(S E)PI\ TH\N E)PI-FA/NEIAN E)XO/NTWN U(GRW=N LI/QWN. E)PI\ TOU/TWN GA\R PA/NTWN GI/NETAI H( CHRO/THS, W(S EI)=NAI DIAI/RESIN TOIAU/THN: PA=N TO\ CHRAINO/MENON H)\ SU/MFUTON E)/XEI TH\N U(GRO/THTA H)\ DIA\ BA/QOUS AU)TH\N E)/XEI H)\ E)PIPOLH=S: DIA\ BA/QOUS ME/N, W(S TA\ BEBREGME/NA I(MA/TIA, E)PIPOLH=S D' W(S KATA\ TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN BEBREGME/NON MA/R-MARON, O(/PER DIERO\N KALEI= O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)N TW=| *PERI\ GENE/SEWS KAI\ FQORA=S. E)F' OI(=S O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ TA\S AI)TI/AS TH=S CHRO/THTOS A)PODI/DWSIN. AI)TI/A GA/R, FHSI/N, TOU= CHRAI/NESQAI TO\ QERMO\N KAI\ TO\ YUXRO/N. A)LLA\ TO\ ME\N QERMO\N KATA\ PRW=TON LO/GON, TO\ DE\ YUXRO\N KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S. KAI\ TO\ ME\N QERMO\N E)KDIAFOROU=N TH\N E)NTO\S U(GRO/THTA KAI\ E)CATMI/ZON POIEI= TH\N CHRO/THTA, TO\ DE\ YUXRO\N TW=| A)NTIPERII/STASQAI KAI\ A)POKLEI/EIN E)/NDON TH\N QERMO/THTA: AU(/TH GA\R A)POKLEIOME/NH POLUPLASIA/ZEI TH\N E)/NDON QERMO/THTA, H(/TIS POLUPLASIA-SQEI=SA E)KDAPANA=| TH\N U(GRO/THTA. E)NTEU=QEN PA/LIN % LE/GEI, QERMO/THTOS GI/NETAI H)\ CHRO/THTOS. O(/QEN TH\N YUXRO/THTA MA=LLON PAQHTIKO\N KALEI= O( FILO/-SOFOS, E)PEIDH\ TOI=S PAQHTIKOI=S MA=LLON U(PA/RXEI STOIXEI/OIS, GH=| KAI\ U(/DATI, H)/PER POIHTIKH/. EI) GA\R KAI\ POIEI=N LE/GETAI, OU) KURI/WS POIEI=, A)LL' H)\ KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S, W(S H)/DH EI)/RHTAI, H)\ W(S FQARTIKO/N. TAU=TA PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*TW=N DE\ PAQHTIKW=N, TOU= U(GROU= KAI\ CHROU=, LHPTE/ON TA\ EI)/DH.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH/, FHSI/N, H)/DH EI)/POMEN PERI\ QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU= TW=N DRASTIKW=N KAI\ TW=N TOU/TOIS E(POME/NWN, EI)/PWMEN KAI\ PERI\ TW=N PAQHTIKW=N KAI\ TW=N TOU/TOIS E(POME/NWN PAQW=N, A(/PER EI)/DH E)KA/LESEN: AI(/TINE/S EI)SIN AI( A)NTIQE/SEIS. @1 {1<20*EI)SI\ DE\ AI( ME\N A)RXAI\ TW=N SWMA/TWN AI( PAQHTIKAI\ U(GRO\N KAI\ CHRO/N.>20}1 @*PAQHTIKA\S A)RXA\S E)KA/LESE TA\S U(LIKA\S POIO/THTAS. E)/QOS GA\R AU)TW=| MH\ MO/NON TO\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION A)RXH\N KALEI=N, A)LLA\ KAI\ TO\ U(LIKO/N: TOU=TO GA\R KAI\ E)N TH=| *FUSIKH=| PEPOI/HKEN. {1<20*TA\ D' A)/LLA MIKTA\ ME\N E)K TOU/TWN.>20}1 @<20*)/ALLA,>20 TA\ POI=A; DHLONO/TI TA\ SU/NQETA, A(/PER E)STI\N U(PO\ SELH/NHS: TAU=TA GA\R PA/NTA E)C U(GROU= KAI\ CHROU= SU/GKEITAI, TOU= QERMOU= KAI\ TOU= YUXROU= SUNUPA/RXONTOS TH=| TOU/TWN E(NW/SEI. E)/XEIS E)NTEU=QEN TO\ PRW=TON PRO/BLHMA, O(/TI H( U(/LH TW=N SUNQE/TWN TO\ U(GRO\N KAI\ TO\ CHRO/N. {1<20*(OPOTE/ROU DE\ MA=LLON, TOU/TOU TH\N FU/SIN.>20}1 @*EI) KAI\ PA/NTA TA\ SU/NQETA U(PO\ CHROU= KAI\ U(GROU= SU/GKEITAI, A)LLA\ TO\ ME\N TOU=DE MA=LLON METE/XEI, TO\ DE\ TOU=DE. {1<20*PA/NTA DE\ TA\ ME\N E)NTELEXEI/A| E)/STAI, TA\ DE\ TOU= A)NTI-KEIME/NOU.>20}1 @*PA/NTA, FHSI/, TA\ SU/NQETA TA\ ME\N DUNA/MEI CHRA/, W(/SPER LI/QOS, TA\ D' E)NERGEI/A|, W(/SPER GH=: KAI\ TA\ ME\N DUNA/MEI U(GRA/, W(/SPER A(/LES, NI/TRON, TA\ D' E)NERGEI/A| U(GRA/, W(/SPER U(/DWR. {1<20*)/EXEI D' OU(/TW TH=CIS PRO\S TO\ THKTO/N.>20}1 @*TO\ ME\N GA\R THKTO\N DUNA/MEI E)STI\N U(GRO/N, TO\ D' H)/DH TAKE\N E)NERGEI/A|. {1<20*)EPEI\ D' E)STI\ TO\ ME\N U(GRO\N EU)O/RISTON, TO\ DE\ CHRO\N @DUSO/RISTON, O(/MOIO/N TI TW=| O)/YW| KAI\ TOI=S H(DU/SMASIN.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TH=S KATASKEUH=S A)/RXETAI TOU= PRW/TOU PROBLH/MATOS, O(/TI PA/NTA TA\ SU/NQETA U(/LHN E)/XEI TO\ U(GRO\N KAI\ TO\ CHRO/N. W(/SPER GA\R TA\ O)/YA KAI\ TA\ KARUKEU/MATA XWRI\S ME\N A)LLH/LWN O)/NTA A)/BRWTA/ EI)SI, SUMMIXQE/NTA DE/, TO/TE GI/NETAI H(/DUSMA, OU(/TW KAI\ TO\ U(GRO\N KAI\ TO\ CHRO\N KAQ' E(AUTA\ ME\N O)/NTA OU) SUNI/STANTAI, E(NWQE/NTA DE\ POIOU=SI TA\ SU/NQETA. @1 {1<20*(/WSPER KAI\ *)EMPEDOKLH=S E)POI/HSEN E)N TOI=S FUSIKOI=S.>20}1 @*KALW=S TO\ <20E)POI/HSE>20 DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI AU)TO\N POIHTH/N. {1<20*LE/GETAI DE\ TW=N STOIXEI/WN I)DIAI/TATA, CHRO\N ME\N GH=S, U(GRO\N DE\ U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*TO\ DEU/TERON PRO/BLHMA TO\ LE/GON, O(/TI E)N GH=| KAI\ U(/DATI U(GRO\N KAI\ CHRO/N, TOUTE/STIN U(/LH TW=N SUNQE/TWN: TOU/TWN GA\R TW=N SWMA/TWN EI)SI\N AU(=TAI AI( POIO/THTES I)DIAI/TATAI. E)NTEU=QEN O( *PORFU/RIOS W)FELHQEI\S TO\ <20I)DIAI/TATAI>20 EI)=PEN AU)TO\ E)PI\ TH=S DIAFORA=S E)K TAU/THS TH=S LE/CEWS. KAI\ H( A)PORI/A SUG-KEKRO/THTAI, PW=S LE/GEI NU=N <20I)DIAI/TATA>20 TO\ U(GRO\N TOU= U(/DATOS. {1<20*KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO A(/PANTA/ TE TA\ O(RW/MENA SW/MATA E)NTEU=QEN OU)K A)/NEU GH=S KAI\ U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ AI( SUNQEI=SAI AU)TA\ POIO/THTES, U(GRO/THS LE/GW KAI\ CHRO/THS, TOU/-TWN TW=N STOIXEI/WN EI)SI/. {1<20*KAI\ E)N GH=| KAI\ E)N U(/DATI ZW=|A MO/NON E)STI/N, E)N A)E/RI DE\ KAI\ PURI\ OU)K E)/STI.>20}1 @*DIA\ GA\R TAU/THN TH\N AI)TI/AN E)N U(/DATI MO/NON KAI\ GH=| GI/NONTAI ZW=|A %2%2%2, E)PEIDH\ TO\ E)N AU)TOI=S U(GRO\N KAI\ CHRO\N OU)K E)/STI ZW|OGO/NON. TOU=TO D' I)/SWS KAI\ PRO\S *PLA/TWNA AI)NITTO/MENOS LE/GEI. E)/LEGE GA\R O( *PLA/TWN, O(/TI EI)SI\ KAI\ PU/REIA ZW=|A KAI\ A)E/RIA, W(/SPER AI( NU/MFAI AI( LEGO/MENAI MAKRAI/WNES. OU) GA\R PA=SA YUXH\ EI)S GE/NESIN E)RXOME/NH PA/NTWS KA/TEISIN EI)S TOU=TO TO\ XWRI/ON, A)LL' AI( ME\N TELEIO/TERAI ME/XRI TH=S TOU= PURO\S SFAI/RAS, KA)KEI=QEN DE\ A)NALAMBA/NOUSI PU/REION SW=MA DU/SFQARTON, A)/LLAI DE\ ME/XRI TOU= A)E/ROS KAI\ A)NALAMBA/NOUSIN A)E/RION SW=MA. KAI\ O(/ROS E)STI\ TAI=S EI)S GE/NESIN E)RXO-ME/NAIS TELEIOTE/RAIS YUXAI=S H( TOU= A)E/ROS SFAI=RA. 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TOU/TWN DE\ PA/NTWN TA\ ME\N A)/LUTA/ EI)SI, TA\ DE\ LUTA/, KAI\ TW=N LUTW=N TA\ ME\N EU)/LUTA, TA\ DE\ DU/SLUTA: KAI\ TW=N A)LU/TWN TA\ ME\N MALAKTA/, TA\ DE\ A)MA/LAKTA. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ KAI\ TO\ AI(=MA KAI\ TO\ GA/LA A)MFOI=N KOINA/, KAI\ U(/DATOS KAI\ GH=S.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN A)POREI= KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= GA/LAKTOS KAI\ TOU= AI(/MATOS, W(/SPER E)PI\ TOU= OI)/NOU H)PO/RHSE, KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI KAI\ TAU=TA E)K GH=S KAI\ U(/DATO/S EI)SIN, W(/SPER KAI\ PA=N U(GRO/N, E)C OU(= PAXUMERE\S GI/NETAI, W(/SPER A(/LES KAI\ NI/TRON, LI/QOI OI( PW=ROI LEGO/MENOI. PW=S OU)=N TAU=TA KOINA\ O)/NTA E)K GH=S KAI\ U(/DATOS W(/SPER KAI\ TA\ AU)TA\ U(PO\ TOU= AU)TOU= KAI\ PH/GNUTAI KAI\ PAXU/NETAI; TO\ AU)TO\ KAI/TOI, A)LL' OU)X U(PO\ TOU= AU)TOU= KAI\ PH/GNUTAI KAI\ PAXU/NETAI, A)LLA\ TA\ ME\N U(PO\ QERMOU=, TA\ DE\ U(PO\ YUXROU=, TAU=TA DE\ MO/NON U(PO\ YUXROU= A)MFO/TERA PA/SXEI. {1<20*DIO\ E)A\N XWRISQH=| O( O)RRO/S, E)KKA/ETAI U(PO\ TOU= PURO\S @E(YO/MENOS. TO\ DE\ GEW=DES SUNI/STATAI KAI\ U(PO\ TOU= O)POU=.>20}1 @*TOU=TO W(/SPER LU/SIN E)PA/GEI TH=S A)PORI/AS. TI/ GA/R FHSIN; O(/TI OU) TO\ AU)TO\ ME/ROS E)STI\ TOU= GA/LAKTOS TO\ PHGNU/MENON KAI\ PAXUNO/MENON, A)LLA\ PH/GNUTAI ME\N O)RRO/S, PAXU/NETAI DE\ TURW=DES. KAI\ O(/TI A)LHQE\S TOU=TO/ E)STI, DH=LON. I)DOU\ GOU=N O( O)RRO\S [W)\N] E)A\N E(YA=TAI, OU) PAXU/NETAI %2%2%2 TO\ TURW=DES OU) MO/NON U(PO\ YUXROU=, A)LLA\ KAI\ U(PO\ TOU= O)POU=. TO\ AU)TO\ DE\ R(HTE/ON KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= AI(/MATOS, O(/TI OU) TO\ AU)TO/ E)STIN. {1<20*(/OSA MH\ PH/GNUTAI, OI(=ON TO\ TH=S E)LA/FOU, TA\ TOIAU=TA U(/DATOS MA=LLON KAI\ YUXRA/.>20}1 @<20*PH/GNUSQAI>20 NU=N A)NTI\ TOU= PAXU/NESQAI A)KOUSTE/ON, E)PEI\ PARA\ TH\N E)N-A/RGEIA/N E)STI TO\ LEGO/MENON: O(RW=MEN GA/R, O(/TI PA=N AI(=MA PH/GNUTAI, OU) PA=N DE\ PAXU/NETAI. {1<20*TOU=TO D' E)STI/N, O(/TI OU) CHRAI/NETAI TO\ U(/DWR, LOIPO\N W(/SPER TO\ GA/LA TOU= TUROU= E)CAERWQE/NTOS.>20}1 @*AI)/TION D' E)STI\ TOU= MH\ PAXU/NESQAI TO\ U(DATW=DES AI(=MA, E)PEIDH\ OU)/TE TO\ U(/DWR CHRAI/NETAI, TOUTE/STI PAXU/NETAI, W(/SPER OU)DE\ O( O)RRO/S: A)LLA\ MH\N @1 OU)DE\ TO\ FLE/GMA PAXU/NETAI, E)/ST' A)\N H)=| LEPTO\N KAI\ A)KRA/THTON U(PO\ FU/SEWS, A)LL' E)/STIN U(/DWR. {1<20*)/ETI DE\ TA\ ME\N LUTA/ E)STIN, OI(=ON NI/TRON, TA\ DE\ A)/LUTA, OI(=ON KE/RAMOS KAI\ LI/QOS, KAI\ TOU/TWN TA\ ME\N MALAKTA/, OI(=ON @KHRO/S, TA\ DE\ A)MA/LAKTA, OI(=ON KE/RAMOS KAI\ LI/QOS.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA H( DIAI/RESIS E)KEI/NH PA=SA TW=N U(PO\ QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU= PA-SXO/NTWN. {1<20*AI)/TION DE/, O(/TI TA)NANTI/A TW=N E)NANTI/WN AI)/TIA.>20}1 @*(/WS TINOS A)PORH/SANTOS, O(/TI [2TI/]2 DH/POTE TW=N LUOME/NWN TA\ ME\N QERMW=| LU/ONTAI, W(/SPER KRU/STALLOS, KHRO/S, QEI=ON, ME/TALLA, TA\ DE\ U(GRW=|, W(/SPER NI/TRON KAI\ A(/LES, AU)TO\S A)PEKRI/NATO, O(/TI TA\ ME\N QERMW=| LUO/MENA U(PO\ YUXROU= E)PA/GHSAN, TA\ DE\ U(GRW=| LUO/MENA U(PO\ CHROU=. {1<20*(/UDATI ME\N O(/SA PURI\ MO/NON, PURI\ DE\ O(/SA YUXRW=| MO/NON.>20}1 @*(/ORA, PW=S PAXUMERW=S LE/GWN FAI/NETAI TOU\S A(/LAS PURI\ MO/NON, TOUTE/STI QERMW=| PH/GNUSQAI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO U(/DATI LU/ESQAI DIA\ TO\ YUXRO/N. A)/LLO GA\R PARA/DEIGMA OU) FAI/NETAI TW=N U(PO\ QERMOU= PHGNUME/NWN KAI\ YUXRW=| LUOME/NWN. {1<20*(/WSTE E)PEI\ U(P' A)MFOI=N SUMBAI/NEI PH/GNUSQAI, TAU=TA A)/LUTA MA/LISTA.>20}1 @*(/WS TINOS A)PORH/SANTOS, KAI\ TI/ DH/POTE OU) PA/NTA LU/ONTAI, A)LLA\ TA\ ME\N LU/ONTAI, TA\ DE\ A)/LUTA/ E)STIN, AU)TO\S DE\ PA/LIN E)PILU/ETAI, O(/TI TA\ U(PO\ TW=N DU/O DRASTIKW=N POIOTH/TWN PAGE/NTA OU) LU/ETAI DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)/XEIN E)NANTI/ON TO\ LU=SON. {1<20*GI/NETAI DE\ TA\ TOIAU=TA, O(/SA QERMANQE/NTA E)/PEITA TW=| YUXRW=| PH/GNUTAI.>20}1 @*(/WS TINOS PA/LIN E)RWTH/SANTOS LE/GEI H(MI=N *)ARISTOTE/LHS, KAI\ PW=S TO\ AU)TO\ U(PO\ A)MFOI=N PH/GNUTAI TW=N DRASTIKW=N POIOTH/TWN, AU)TO\S DIDA/SKEI. TI/ GA/R FHSI; TA\ TOIAU=TA PH/GNUSQAI LE/GETAI U(PO\ QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU=, O(/TAN U(PO\ TOU= QERMOU= E)KDAPANHQH=| SXEDO\N H( E)N AU)TW=| U(GRO/THS, E)KDAPANHQEI=SA E)/PEITA EU)PAQH\S TW=| YUXRW=| GE/NHTAI PRO\S TO\ DIEISDU=NAI E)/NDON TOU= SW/MATOS A(/TE A)RAIW=N O)/NTWN TW=N PO/RWN E)K TOU= PURO\S KAI\ PH=CIN POIH=SAI SFODRA\N W(/SPER E)PI\ TOU= SIDH/ROU. @1 {1<20*SUMBAI/NEI GA/R, O(/TAN TO\ QERMO\N E)CIKMA/SH| E)CIO/N, TO\ PLEI=STON U(GRO\N SUNQLI/BESQAI PA/LIN U(PO\ TOU= YUXROU=, W(/STE MH\ U(GRW=| DIDO/NAI DI/ODON.>20}1 @*SUMBAI/NEI, FHSI/N, E)N TH=| PURW/SEI E)CIKMA/ZESQAI TO\ U(GRO\N U(PO\ TOU= QERMOU=. KALW=S DE\ EI)=PE <20TO\ PLEI=STON>20 KAI\ OU)X "3O(/LON"3. E)PEIDH\ GA\R W(S E)PI\ SIDH/ROU GUMNA/ZEI TO\N LO/GON, EI) O(/LON H)=N E)CIKMASQE/N, OU)K A)\N MALAKTO\S O( SI/DHROS, A)LLA\ QRAUSTO\S W(/SPER O( KE/RAMOS. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N A)RAIOU=NTAI OI( PO/ROI KAI\ E)CE/RXETAI TO\ U(GRO\N U(/STERON, PA/LIN OU)=N QLI/BONTAI U(PO\ TOU= YUXROU=, W(S MH\ DIELQEI=N E)NTO\S U(GRO/TERON KAI\ LU=SAI TO\N SI/DHRON. LOIPO\N E)NTAU=QA H( A)PORI/A: % A)/PORON LE/GEI PA/SXEIN, EI)/ GE TOU=TO A)NEI=LEN A)LLAXOU=. {1<20*KAI\ DIA\ TAU=TA OU)DE\ TO\ QERMO\N LU/EI.>20}1 @*DIA\ POI=A; E)PEIDH\ OU) MO/NON U(PO\ YUXROU= E)PA/GHSAN, A)LLA\ KAI\ U(PO\ QERMOU=. {1<20*(O DE\ SI/DHROS TAKEI\S U(PO\ QERMOU=, YUXQEI\S PH/GNUTAI.>20}1 @*SI/DHRON NU=N OU) TO\N KAQARO\N LAMBA/NEI, A)LLA\ TO\N R(UPARO/N. OU(=TOS GA\R TH/KEI, O( DE\ KAQARO\S MALA/TTEI MO/NON. {1<20*TA\ DE\ CU/LA E)STI\ GH=S KAI\ A)E/ROS: DIO\ KAUSTA\ KAI\ OU) THKTA/.>20}1 @*(/WS TINOS A)PORH/SANTOS, O(/TI DIA\ TI/ TW=N SUNQE/TWN TA\ ME\N TH/KETAI, TA\ DE\ MALA/TTETAI, TA\ DE\ CU/LA OU)DE\N TOU/TWN POIEI= KAI/TOI SU/NQETA O)/NTA, AU)TO/S FHSIN, O(/TI EI) KAI\ SU/NQETA/ EI)SIN, A)LL' OU)K E)K GH=S KAI\ U(/DATOS OU)/T' E)C U(/DATOS KAI\ A)E/ROS, W(/SPER TOU)/LAION, A)LL' E)K GH=S KAI\ A)E/ROS. KAI\ O(/TI TOU=TO A)LHQE/S, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ KA/ETAI KAI\ OU) TH/KETAI: TW=| GA\R EI)=NAI GH=S E)/XEI TO\ CHRO\N E)PITH/DEION PRO\S KAU=SIN, TO\ DE\ A)E/ROS TA/XION E)KFLOGOU=TAI. EU)PAQH\S GA\R O( A)H\R U(PO\ TOU= PURO/S. DIO\ KAI\ TO\ E)/LAION PA/NU KA/ETAI W(S A)ERW=DES. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ E)K TOU= E)PINH/XESQAI DH=LO/N E)STIN, W(S A)E/ROS EI)SI/. PA/NTA GA\R E)PI-NH/XETAI PLH\N PU/COU KAI\ TW=N TOIOU/TWN: TAU=TA GA\R DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI PUKNO/PORA E)LA/TTONA E)/XEI TO\N A)E/RA E)N E(AUTOI=S. {1<20*TI/ ME\N OU)=N E)STI\ PH=CIS KAI\ TH=CIS, KAI\ DIA\ PO/SWN KAI\ E)N POI/OIS E)STI/N, EI)/RHTAI.>20}1 @<20*DIA\ PO/SA>20 ME/N, TOUTE/STIN H( ME\N PH=CIS DIA\ QERMO\N KAI\ YUXRO\N KAI\ @1 CHRO/N, H( DE\ TH=CIS DIA\ QERMO\N KAI\ U(GRO/N: <20E)N POI/OIS>20 DE/, TOUTE/STIN H)\ E)N U(/DATI H)\ E)N TOI=S E)K GH=S KAI\ U(/DATOS. {1<20*)EK DE\ TOU/TWN FANERO\N O(/TI U(PO\ QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU= SUNI/STANTAI TA\ SW/MATA.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TO\ PO/RISMA. KAI\ O(/RA, PW=S E)PISTHMONIKW=S EI)=PEN. OU) GA\R EI)=PEN, O(/TI E)K QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU= SU/GKEITAI, I(/NA POIHTIKA\ AI)/TIA E)N TOI=S GINOME/NOIS SUGKATATA/CH|, A)LL' EI)=PEN, O(/TI SUNI/STANTAI, DHLONO/TI TOU/TWN ME\N POIOU/NTWN, TW=N U(LIKW=N PASXO/NTWN: W(S AU)TO\S GA/R FHSI PARAKATIW/N, O(/TI TAU=TA ME\N DIA\ TO\ POIEI=N, U(GRO\N DE\ KAI\ CHRO\N DIA\ TO\ PA/SXEIN. {1<20*)EK ME\N OU)=N U(/DATOS KAI\ GH=S O(MOIOMERH= SW/MATA SUN-I/STANTAI.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN O( PROSDIORISMO/S, O(/TI OU)X A(PLW=S PA/NTA U(PO\ CHROU= KAI\ U(GROU= SU/GKEINTAI, A)LL' E)K TW=N A)NALOGOU/NTWN AU)TOI=S. {1<20*TAU=TA DE\ DIAFE/REI A)LLH/LWN TOI=S TE PRO\S TA\S AI)SQH/SEIS.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA/ FHSIN, O(/TI PA/NTA SU/NQETA DIAFE/REI POIHTIKAI=S TE KAI\ PAQHTIKAI=S POIO/THSIN. E)/STI DE\ TA/DE: PHKTO/N, A)/PHKTON: THKTO/N, A)/THKTON: MALAKTO/N, A)MA/LAKTON: TEGKTO/N, A)/TEGKTON: KAMPTO/N, A)/KAMPTON: KATAKTO/N, A)KA/TAKTON: QRAUSTO/N, A)/QRAUSTON: QLASTO/N, A)/QLASTON: PLASTO/N, A)/PLASTON: PIESTO/N, A)PI/ESTON: E(LKTO/N, A)/NELKTON: E)LATO/N, A)NE/LATON: SXISTO/N, A)/SXISTON: TMHTO/N, A)/TMHTON: GLI/SXRON, YAQURO/N: PILHTO/N, A)PI/LHTON: KAUSTO/N, A)/KAUSTON: QUMIA-TO/N, A)QUMI/ATON. AU(=TAI AI( A)NTIQE/SEIS KATA\ E(/CIN KAI\ STE/RHSIN. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*PERI\ ME\N OU)=N PHKTOU= KAI\ A)PH/KTOU KAI\ THKTOU= KAI\ A)TH/KTOU EI)/RHTAI ME\N KAQO/LOU PRO/TERON.>20}1 @*TO\ PERI\ PHKTOU= KAI\ THKTOU= PA/LIN O( FILO/SOFOS E)PANAKEFALAIOU=TAI, OU)X W(/S TINES W)|H/QHSAN BOULO/MENOS E)PITOMH\N POIH/SASQAI TW=N A)NWTE/RW PERI\ AU)TW=N E)RGWDW=S EI)RHME/NWN: A)LLA\ TOU=TO POIEI= XA/RIN TOU= E)PANORQW/SASQAI TO\ PAXUMERW=S EI)RHME/NON E)N TOI=S PROLABOU=SI, TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N O(/TI E)/LEGE TOU\S A(/LAS KAI\ TO\ NI/TRON QERMW=| PH/GNUSQAI KAI\ YUXRW=| LU/ESQAI. E)/STI DE\ H( E)PANAKEFALAI/WSIS TOIAU/TH: TW=N PHGNUME/NWN TA\ ME\N U(/DATO/S E)STI, TA\ DE\ GH=S. KAI\ O(/SA ME\N U(/DATO/S E)STIN, E)KEI=NA YUXRW=| PH/GNUTAI, A)POUSI/A| D' U(GRW=N @1 PH/GNUTAI, TOUTE/STI CHRW=|. A)LL' I(/NA TO\ MH\ POIEI=N U(LIKH=| AI)TI/A| A)PONE/MH| O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS, TOUTE/STI TH\N PH=CIN, TH=| CHRO/THTI TH\N AI)TI/AN TH=S A)POSTASI/AS TOU= U(GROU= PARATI/QETAI KAI\ TAU/TH| DI/DWSI TH\N PH=CIN, TOUTE/STI TH\N QER-MO/THTA. H( GA\R QERMO/THS E)CIKMA/ZOUSA TH\N U(GRO/THTA POIEI= TH=| A)POUSI/A| TOU= U(GROU= CHRO/THTA, H(/TIS PH/GNUSI TOU\S A(/LAS KAI\ TO\ NI/TRON, W(S EI)=NAI TA\ DU/O PHGNU/NTA TAU=TA AI)/TIA QERMO/THTA KAI\ CHRO/THTA. A)LLA\ PO/RRW ME\N AI)/TION H( QERMO/THS, PROSEXH\S D' H( CHRO/THS. EI)=TA E)PEIDH\ PERI\ PHKTOU= KAI\ THKTOU= KAI\ A)TH/KTOU A)RKOU/NTWS DIEILE/XQH, LEI/PETAI D' E)/TI TO\ A)/PHKTON TW=| LO/GW|, PERI\ TOU/TOU DIALE/GETAI KAI\ PARADI/DWSI TA\ TOU/TOU POIHTIKA\ AI)/TIA. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI TRI/A EI)SI\ TA\ POIOU=NTA TO\ A)/PHKTON, QERMO/THS, A)ERW/DHS KAI\ U(DA-TW/DHS OU)SI/A, GLISXRO/THS. QERMO/THS ME\N W(S E)PI\ TH=S TOU= BRA/ZONTOS U(/DATOS KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= ZE/ONTOS GLEU/KOUS: TAU=TA GA\R DIA\ TH\N PAROUSI/AN QERMO/THTOS OU) PH/GNUTAI. A)ERW/DHS DE\ KAI\ U(DATW/DHS OU)SI/A W(S E)PI\ TOU= E)LAI/OU: DIA\ GA\R TH\N A)ERW/DH OU)SI/AN OU) PH/GNUTAI, E)PEIDH\ U(GROTA/TH E)STI\N H( TOIAU/TH, O(/QEN PAXU/NETAI MO/NON, OU) PH/GNUTAI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO MOLUNTO\N GI/NETAI: MOLU/NEI GA\R A(PTOME/NOIS TH\N XEI=RA TO\ PEPAXUMME/NON E)/LAION. KAI\ O(/TI E)/STIN E)N AU)TW=| A)ERW/DHS OU)SI/A, DH=LON: E)PINH/XETAI GA\R TW=| U(/DATI. A)LL' A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORI/AS, PW=S O( U(DRA/RGUROS, KAI/TOI A)ERW/DOUS KAI\ U(DATW/DOUS U(PA/RXWN OU)SI/AS, BRI/QEI KAI\ BARU/TATO/S E)STIN. H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI EI) KAI\ A)ERW/DOUS U(PA/RXEI OU)SI/AS O( U(DRA/RGUROS, A)LL' OU)=N POLLH\ KAI\ SUMPEPILHME/NH E)STI\N E)N AU)TW=| A)ERW/DHS OU)SI/A: KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO POLLH\N A)/GEI TH\N O(LKH/N. A)ME/LEI PUROU/MENOS ME/XRI TH=S O)ROFH=S A)NABRA/SSETAI DIA\ TO\ A)NALU/ESQAI TH\N A)ERW/DH OU)SI/AN TH\N E)N AU)TW=| SUMPEPILHME/NHN KAI\ XWREI=N E)PI\ TO\ SUGGENE/S. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N TO\ E)/LAION OU) PH/GNUTAI DIA\ TH\N E)N AU)TW=| A)ERW/DH OU)SI/AN. A)LLA\ MH\N OU)DE\ TA\ GLISXRO/-THTA E)/XONTA PH/GNUTAI, OI(=ON U(GRA\ PI/SSA KAI\ I)CO/S. EI)=TA META\ TO\ SUMPLH-RW=SAI TO\N PERI\ PHKTOU= KAI\ A)PH/KTOU KAI\ THKTOU= KAI\ A)TH/KTOU LO/GON ME/T-EISIN O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ E)PI\ TH\N TOU= MALAKTOU= A)NTI/QESIN KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI E)KEI=NA/ EI)SI TA\ MALAKTA/, A(/PER MH/TE U(/DATO/S EI)SI MO/NWS MH/TE GH=S MO/NWS, A)LL' E)K GH=S KAI\ U(/DATOS, W(/STE SUMME/TRWS E)/XEIN PRO\S A)MFOI=N. TA\ ME\N U(/DATOS MO/NWS A)MA/LAKTA/ EI)SIN, OI(=ON KRU/STALLOS, A)LLA\ KAI\ TA\ TH=S GH=S MO/NWS, OI(=ON KE/RAMOS KAI\ A(/LES KAI\ NI/TRON KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA: TA\ DE\ SUM-ME/TRWS E)/XONTA GH=S KAI\ U(/DATOS, E)KEI=NA MALAKTA/ EI)SI. TAU=TA GA\R TRITTA\ U(PA/RXOUSIN: H)\ GA\R E(LKTA\ H)\ QLASTA\ H)\ KAMPTA/. KAI\ E(LKTA\ DIXW=S, H)\ I)DI/W| U(GRW=| O)/NTA TOIAU=TA H)\ A)LLOTRI/W|: I)DI/W| ME/N, W(/SPER I(MA/S, NEU=RON, ME/LI, I)CO/S: TAU=TA GA\R DIA\ TH\N SU/MFUTON U(GRO/THTA MALA/TTONTAI, OU(/TW DE\ KAI\ DE/RMA KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. A)LLOTRI/W| DE/, W(/SPER TO\ STE/AR: TA\ GA\R A)/LEURA FURAQE/NTA U(/DATI KAI\ MALAXQE/NTA GI/NETAI E(/LKIMA. TA\ DE\ E)LATA\ H)\ XEIRI\ TOIAU=TA/ EI)SIN H)\ PURI\ H)\ PLHGH=| [2H)\]2 PURI\ A(/MA KAI\ U(/DATI. XEIRI\ ME\N W(/SPER KHRO/S: OU(=TOS @1 GA\R MALATTO/MENOS TH=| XEIRI\ E)LAU/NETAI. PURI\ D' O( SI/DHROS: OU(=TOS GA\R PURW-QEI\S E)LAU/NETAI TUPTO/MENOS. PLHGH=| D' W(/SPER O( XALKO/S: OU(=TOS GA\R KAI\ MH\ PURWQEI\S E)LAU/NETAI U(PO\ PLHGH=S. OU(/TW DE\ KAI\ O( XRUSO\S KAI\ O( A)/RGUROS KAI\ MO/LIBDOS KAI\ KASSI/TEROS KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. PURI\ DE\ KAI\ U(/DATI W(/SPER OI( LAMPTH=RES, TOUTE/STI TA\ DIAFANH= KE/RATA, E)N OI(=S E)NTI/QENTAI AI( LAMPA/DES NU/KTWR: TA\ GA\R KE/RATA PRW=TON ME\N BREXO/MENA, E)/PEITA DE\ PURI\ O(MILOU=NTA MALA/TTONTAI. A)LLA\ MH\ A)PORH/SH|S LE/GWN TAU=TA EI)=NAI MALAKTA\ KAI\ THKTA/, E)PEIDH\ SUMBAI/NEI TOI=S E)LATOI=S MALAKTOI=S MH\ MO/NON E)LAU/NESQAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ TH/KESQAI, W(/SPER KAI\ TW=| XALKW=| KAI\ TW=| XRUSW=| KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA: EI) GA\R KAI\ MALA/TTONTAI KAI\ TH/KONTAI TAU=TA, A)LL' OU)=N A)/LLW| ME\N MALA/TTONTAI H)/TOI E)LAU/NONTAI, A)/LLW| DE\ TH/KONTAI TAU=TA. MALA/TTONTAI ME\N PLHGH=|, TH/KONTAI DE\ PURI/. EI) D' EI)/PH|S, O(/TI KAI\ PURI\ TA\ AU)TA\ PA/SXOUSIN, A)LL' OU)=N OU)K E)N TW=| AU)TW=|, A)LLA\ TW=| ME\N MALAKW=| MALA/TTONTAI, TW=| DE\ SFODRW=| TH/KONTAI. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N EI)SI TA\ E)LATA\ MALAKTA/. TA\ DE\ KAMPTA\ W(/SPER LU/GOS KAI\ KA/LAMOS XLWRO\S KAI\ SANI/DES KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA: KAI\ AU)TA\ GA\R MALA/TTESQAI LE/GONTAI TW=| KA/MPTESQAI TH=|DE KA)KEI=SE. TAU=TA EI)PW\N PERI\ MALAKTOU= KAI\ A)MALA/KTOU O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ E)PI\ E(TE/RAN E)/RXETAI A)NTI/QESIN TH\N TOU= A)TE/GKTOU KAI\ TEGKTOU=. KAI\ MH/ TIS NOMI/SH| TAU)TO\N EI)=NAI THKTO\N KAI\ A)/THKTON H)\ TEGKTO\N KAI\ A)/TEGKTON. E)KEI=NO GA/R E)STI TO\ TEGKTO/N, O(/PER EI)SDECA/MENON A)LLOTRI/AN U(GRO/THTA MH\ DIALU/ETAI, A)LLA\ SUNI/STATAI: O(/PER D' EI)SDECA/MENON DIALU/ETAI, E)KEI=NO THKTO/N E)STIN, W(/SPER GH= KAI\ PHLO/S. KAI\ O(/TI OU) TAU)TO/N E)STI TEGKTO\N KAI\ A)/TEGKTON, OU)/TE MH\N THKTO\N KAI\ A)/THKTON, DH=LON, E)PEIDH/ EI)SI/ TINA TEGKTA\ ME/N, A)/THKTA DE/, W(/SPER E)/RION KAI\ PLI/NQOS O)PTWME/NH: TAU=TA GA\R BRE/XONTAI ME/N, OU) LU/ONTAI DE/. TOIAU=TA D' EI)SI\ KAI\ TA\ *AI)GU/PTIA O)/STRAKA, A(/TINA MIKRA=S NOTI/DOS A(YA/MENA KATA\ TO\N PUQME/NA ME/XRI TOU= XEI/LOUS A)NADI/DOTAI AU)TOI=S H( U(GRO/THS. O(/QEN H)PO/RHSEN O( ME/GAS *)ASKLHPIO/DOTOS FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI PW=S TAU=TA E(/LKOUSI TH\N U(GRO/THTA, PO/TERON E(LKTIKH=| TINI DUNA/MEI H)\ E(TE/RW| TINI/, KAI\ E)/LUSE TH\N A)PORI/AN E)N TW=| U(P' AU)TOU= GEGRAMME/NW| EI)S *TI/MAION U(POMNH/-MATI. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA TEGKTA\ ME/N, A)/THKTA DE/: A)/LLA DE\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN THKTA\ ME/N, OU) TEGKTA\ DE/, W(/SPER OI( A(/LES: TH/KONTAI ME/N, OU) TE/G-GONTAI DE/, E)PEIDH\ PAROUSI/A| E(TE/RAS U(GRO/THTOS DIALU/ONTAI: E)KEI=NO DE\ LE/GOMEN TEGKTO\N TO\ MH\ DIALUO/MENON. E(/TERA DE\ KAI\ TEGKTA\ KAI\ THKTA/, W(/SPER PLI/NQOS W)MH/: AU(/TH GA\R PRW=TON ME\N TE/GGETAI %2%2%2 OU) TE/THKTAI DE/, W(/SPER KE/RAMOS, LI/QOS. KAI\ KAQO/LOU FA/NAI E)KEI=NA ME/N EI)SI TEGKTA/, O(/SA LOCOU\S E)/XOUSI TOU\S PO/ROUS: TO\ GA\R U(GRO\N E)PI\ TOU/TWN MH\ O(MALW=S DIO/LOU XWROU=N TE/GGEI ME/N, OU) TH/KEI DE/. THKTA\ D' EI)SI/N, O(/SA EU)QEI=S E)/XEI TOU\S PO/ROUS: TO\ GA\R EI)S-ERXO/MENON U(GRO\N O(MALW=S DIO/LOU DIERXO/MENON TH/KEI. TOU=TO DE\ LE/GW OU) PERI\ @1 PA/NTWN THKTW=N, A)LLA\ PERI\ MO/NWN TW=N A)LLOTRI/W| U(GRW=| THKOME/NWN. THKTA\ DE\ KAI\ TEGKTA/ EI)SIN, O(/SA KAI\ LOCOU\S KAI\ EU)QEI=S E)/XEI TOU\S PO/ROUS. OU)/TE DE\ THKTA\ OU)/TE TEGKTA/, O(/SA MH/TE LOCOU\S MH/T' EU)QEI=S E)/XEI TOU\S PO/ROUS H)\ PA/NU SMIKROTA/TOUS, W(/SPER O( KE/RAMOS O)PTHQEI/S. TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TEGKTW=N KAI\ A)TE/GKTWN R(HTE/ON. E)F' OI(=S O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ PERI\ E(TE/RAS A)NTIQE/SEWS DIALE/GETAI, FHMI\ DH\ TOU= KAMPTOU= KAI\ A)KA/MPTOU. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ KAI\ TO\ EU)-QUNTO\N KAI\ TO\ A)NEU/QUNTON TAU)TO/N E)STI TW=| KAMPTW=| KAI\ A)KA/MPTW|, ZHTHTE/ON, TI/ DH/POTE MH\ MA=LLON PERI\ EU)QUNTOU= DIELA/BOMEN, A)LLA\ PERI\ KAMPTOU= KAI\ A)KA/MPTOU. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI E)RGWDE/STERO/N PWS KAI\ A)SAFE/STERO/N E)STI TO\ PERI\ KAMPTOU= KAI\ A)KA/MPTOU DIALEXQH=NAI, KAI\ TOU/TOU XA/RIN, I(/NA DIARQRW/SH| TO\N PERI\ AU)TOU= LO/GON. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI E)KEI=NA/ EI)SI KAMPTA\ KAI\ EU)QUNTA/, O(/SA E)C EU)QU/THTOS EI)S PERIFE/REIAN OI(=A/ T' EI)SI\ METABA/LLEIN H)\ A)PO\ PERIFEREI/AS EI)S EU)QU/THTA, OI(=ON LU/GOS, KA/LAMOS XLWRO\S KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA: A)/KAMPTA DE\ KAI\ A)NEU/QUNTA, O(/SA MH\ OI(=A/ T' EI)SI\ METABA/LLEIN EI)S TAU=TA, OI(=ON KE/RAMOS, LI/QOS. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N KA/MPTESQAI H)\ MH\ KA/MPTESQAI LE/GONTAI. A)NAKA/MPTESQAI DE/, O(/SA OU)K A)PO\ TOU= EU)QE/OS EI)S TO\ PERIFERE\S METABA/LLEI EI)S TO\ A)NA/PALIN, A)LL' O(/SA A)PO\ PERIFEREI/AS EI)S E(TE/RAN PERIFE/REIAN METABA/LLEI E)NANTI/AN TH=| PRW/TH|, W(/STE E)/NQA H)=N PRW=TON H( KURTO/THS, E)KEI= GENE/SQAI TH\N KOILO/THTA, E)/NQA D' H)=N H( KOILO/THS, E)KEI= GENE/SQAI TH\N KURTO/THTA. KAI\ TOU/TOU PARA/DEIGMA/ EI)SIN OI( PAI=DES OI( E)PI\ SKHNH=S E)PIDEIKNU/MENOI: OU(=TOI GA\R METABA/LLOUSIN EI)S E)NANTI/AS PERIFEREI/AS, POTE\ ME\N E)PI\ TA\ PRO/SW, POTE\ DE\ E)PI\ TA\ O)PI/SW. PA/LIN A)PO-RHTE/ON, PW=S LE/GONTAI A)NAKA/MPTESQAI, O(PO/TE E)K TOU= EU)QE/OS METABA/LLOUSIN EI)S TO\ KAMPU/LON, H)\ E)PI\ TO\ PRO/SW H)\ E)PI\ TO\ O)PI/SW XWROU=NTES: A)NAKA/M-PTESQAI DE\ LE/GOMEN EI)=NAI TO\ A)PO\ PERIFEREI/AS EI)S E)NANTI/AN PERIFE/REIAN META-BA/LLEIN. KAI\ E)/LUSEN O( ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS DAIMONI/WS, LE/GWN, O(/TI OU) SW/|ZETAI E)PI\ TW=N PAI/DWN TO\ EU)QU\ SXH=MA: FUSIKW=S GA\R E)PI\ TA\ PRO/SW E)SME\N KE-KLIME/NOI DIA\ TO\ KATABAREI=N TA\ A)/NW MO/RIA KAI\ R(E/PEIN E)PI\ TA\ KA/TW. OU)KOU=N E)PEIDH\ OI( PAI=DES A)PO\ TH=S E)/MPROSQEN FUSIKH=S KA/MYEWS A)NAKA/MPTOUSIN E)PI\ TA\ O)PI/SW, TOU/TOU XA/RIN A)NA/KAMYIS LE/GETAI E)PI\ TOU/TWN KAI\ OU) KA/MYIS. TAU=TA PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*TW=N GA\R SWMA/TWN O(/SA PH/GNUTAI KAI\ SKLHRU/NETAI, TA\ ME\N U(PO\ QERMOU= PA/SXEI TOU/TWN, TA\ DE\ U(PO\ YUXROU= E)KQLI/BONTOS TO\ QERMO/N.>20}1 @*)EPANAKEFALAIOU=TAI TA\ H)/DH EI)RHME/NA, I(/NA DIORQW/SH| KAI\ TO\N PERI\ TW=N A(LW=N KAI\ NI/TROU LO/GON. @1 {1<20*(/WSTE TA\ ME\N U(GROU= A)POUSI/A|, TA\ DE\ QERMOU= TOU=TO PA/SXEIN.>20}1 @*(/ORA, PW=S NU=N DIWRQW/SATO, O(\ PRW/HN E)/LEGE PAXUMERW=S. PRW=TON ME\N GA\R LE/GWN TOU\S A(/LAS QERMW=| PH/GNUSQAI NU=N U(GROU= A)POUSI/A| AU)TOU\S LE/GEI PH/GNUSQAI, TOUTE/STI CHRW=|. {1<20*(/OSA ME\N OU)=N U(/DATOS, QERMOU=, KAI\ O(/SA DE\ GH=S, U(GROU=.>20}1 @*TO\N KRU/STALLON LE/GEI KAI\ TOU\S A(/LAS A(/MA TW=| NI/TRW|: O( ME\N GA\R KRU/-STALLOS U(/DATOS W)\N A)POUSI/A| QERMOU= PH/GNUTAI, PAROUSI/A| DE\ LU/ETAI. {1<20*TA\ ME\N OU)=N U(GROU= A)POUSI/A| U(PO\ U(GROU= DIATH/KETAI, E)A\N MH\ OU(/TWS SUNE/LQH|, W(/ST' E)LA/TTOUS TOU\S PO/ROUS LEIFQH=NAI TW=N TOU= U(/DATOS O)/GKWN.>20}1 @*(/WS TINOS A)PORH/SANTOS "3KAI\ TI/ DH/POTE, *)ARISTO/TELES, O( KE/RAMOS GH=S W)\N KAI\ U(GROU= A)POUSI/A| PAGEI\S MH\ TH=| PAROUSI/A| TOU= U(GROU= LU/ETAI;"3 AU)TO/S FHSIN, O(/TI E)PI\ PLE/ON SUNH=LQON OI( PO/ROI TOU= KERA/MOU SUNIZH/SANTES E)N TH=| PH/CEI, W(/STE MH\ XWREI=N TO\N TOU= U(/DATOS O)/GKON DI' E)KEI/NWN EI)SIE/NAI TW=N PO/RWN. KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU) LU/ETAI O( KE/RAMOS U(GRW=|. A)LLA\ PA/LIN PO/ROUS A)/KOUSON TA\ EU)PAQH= MO/RIA, I(/NA E)KFU/GH|S TO\ A)/PORON. {1<20*)/APHKTA DE\ O(/SA MH\ E)/XEI U(GRO/THTA U(DATW/DH U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN PERI\ TW=N A)PH/KTWN DIALE/GETAI KAI\ PARADI/DWSIN AU)TW=N TA\ AI)/TIA TA\ EI)RHME/NA E)N TH=| QEWRI/A|. {1<20*MALAKTA\ D' EI)SI\ TW=N PEPHGO/TWN O(/SA MH\ E)C U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*METH=LQEN E)PI\ TH\N TOU= MALAKTOU= KAI\ A)MALA/KTOU A)NTI/QESIN KAI\ LE/GEI, O(/TI POI=A/ EI)SI TAU=TA, O(/TI O(/SA MH\ E)C U(/DATOS MO/NOU, MH\ E)K GH=S MO/NHS, A)LL' O(/SA A)/MFW, KAI\ MA=LLON GH=S, I(/NA MH\ QRU/PTHTAI. {1<20*)ALLA\ H)\ E(LKTA\ MH\ O)/NTA DIANTA/, H)\ E)LATA\ MH\ O)/NTA U(/DATOS, KAI\ MALAKTA\ PURI/, OI(=ON SI/DHROS, KE/RAS, CU/LON.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TA\S DIAFORA\S TW=N MALAKTW=N LE/GEI. FHSI\ GA/R, O(/TI DEI= TAU/- @1TAS EI)=NAI H)\ E(LKTA\ A)DI/ANTA, TOUTE/STI MH\ DIAINO/MENA H)/TOI BREXO/MENA A)LLO-TRI/W| U(GRW=| [1I(/NA EI)/PH| TO\ NEU=RON]1 H)\ E)LATA/ [1KAI\ TAU=TA H)\ PURI\ H)\ XEIRI\ H)\ PURI\ KAI\ U(/DATI]1 H)\ KAMPTA/, I(/NA EI)/PH| TO\ CU/LON. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ KAI\ TW=N THKTW=N TA\ ME\N TEGKTA/, TA\ DE\ A)/TEGKTA.>20}1 @*)EPI\ TH\N E(TE/RAN A)NTI/QESIN METH=LQE TW=N TEGKTW=N KAI\ A)TE/GKTWN. A)LL' I(/NA MH/ TIS NOMI/SH| TAU)TO\N EI)=NAI THKTO\N KAI\ TEGKTO/N, PROE/LABE KAI\ EI)=PE TOU/TWN TA\S DIAFORA/S, O(/TI TW=N THKTW=N TA\ ME\N TEGKTA/ E)STI, TA\ DE\ A)/TEGKTA, W(/STE DIAFE/ROUSI TOU= THKTOU= KAI\ A)TH/KTOU. KAI\ LOIPO\N LE/GEI PARADEI/GMATA. {1<20*OU)DE\ GA\R A)/LLO TEGKTO/N, O(\ MH\ MALAKW/TERON GI/NETAI BREXO/MENON.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI A(/LES KAI\ NI/TRON TH/KONTAI ME/N, OU) TE/GGONTAI DE/, E)PEIDH\ TH=| TOU= U(GROU= O(MILI/A| GI/NONTAI PRW=TON MALAKA/, EI)=Q' OU(/TWS LU/ONTAI, EI) GA\R TO\ TEGGO/MENON PA/NTWS MALAKO\N DEI= GI/NESQAI KAI\ OU(/TW LU/ESQAI H)\ MH\ LU/ESQAI: LU/ESQAI ME/N, W(/SPER H( W)MH\ PLI/NQOS KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. {1<20*)/ENIA DE\ TEGKTA\ O)/NTA OU)/TE THKTA/ EI)SIN, OI(=ON E)/RIA KAI\ OI( KARPOI/.>20}1 @*PARA/DEIGMA LAMBA/NEI TW=N TEGGOME/NWN, MH\ THKOME/NWN DE\ TA\ E)/RIA KAI\ TOU\S KARPOU/S. A)LL' A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORI/AS E)PI/ TINWN KARPW=N. O(RW=MEN GA/R, O(/TI O( KARPO\S TOU= MEGA/LOU KARU/OU TOU= BASILIKOU= OU) MO/NON TE/GGETAI, A)LLA\ TH/KETAI: E)N GA\R TW=| KA/ESQAI A)POSTA/ZEI TINA\ E)LAIW/DH U(GRO/THTA. PW=S OU)=N LE/GEI MH\ TH/KESQAI TOU\S KARPOU/S; H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI KATA\ A)LH/QEIAN OU) TH/KETAI O( KARPO\S TOU= KARU/OU, A)LLA\ TH/KETAI W(/SPER AI( DA=|DES TH/KONTAI. TH/KESQAI GA\R E)KEI=NO KURI/WS LE/GOMEN TO\ LUO/MENON MO/NON, MH\ ME/NTOI DAPANW/MENON H)\ KAO/MENON, A)LL' O(/LHN ME\N TH\N OU)SI/AN A)NALUO/MENON, SUNISTA/MENON DE\ KAI\ MH\ KAO/MENON, W(/SPER XRUSO/S, XALKO/S, MO/LIBDOS KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ TO\ QEI=ON OU) LE/GOMEN TH/KESQAI H)\ TO\N KHRO/N, E)PEIDH\ KA/ONTAI U(PO\ TOU= PURO\S KAI\ DAPANW=NTAI, A)LLA\ MA=LLON LU/ESQAI KAI\ KA/ESQAI. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ TEGKTA\ ME/N, O(/SA GH=S O)/NTA E)/XEI TOU\S PO/ROUS MEI/ZOUS TW=N TOU= U(/DATOS O)/GKWN SKLHROTE/RWN TW=N TOU= U(/DATOS.>20}1 @*(/WSPER E)PI\ TW=N A)TE/GKTWN E)/LEGEN, O(/TI E)KEI=NA/ EI)SIN A)/TEGKTA TA\ E)LA/TTONAS E)/XONTA PO/ROUS H)\ KATA\ TO\N TOU= U(/DATOS O)/GKON, OU(/TW NU=N TO\ A)NA/PALIN LE/GEI, @1 O(/TI E)KEI=NA/ EI)SI TEGKTA\ TA\ MEI/ZONAS E)/XONTA PO/ROUS H)\ KATA\ TO\N TOU= U(/DATOS O)/GKON. OU(=TOI DE\ OI( PO/ROI SKLHRO/TEROI/ EI)SIN H)\ KATA\ TO\ U(/DWR, O(/QEN OU) LU/ETAI TO\ TEGGO/MENON. KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN STO/XASAI, O(/TI PO/ROUS LE/GEI TA\ A)SQENE/-STERA MO/RIA, OU) TOU\S O)/NTWS PO/ROUS. O( GA\R O)/NTWS PO/ROS A)SW/MATOS W)\N OU)DE\ SKLHRO/S E)STIN OU)DE\ MALAKO/S. ʼn{1<20*)/ESTI DE\ KAI\ TA\ ME\N KAMPTA\ KAI\ EU)QUNTA/, OI(=ON KA/LAMOS KAI\ LU/GOS.>20}1 @*)EPI\ TH\N E(TE/RAN A)NTI/QESIN METH=LQE KAI\ PARADI/DWSI TAU/THS TA\ I)/DIA. {1<20*EI) GA\R KAI\ EI)S TO\ EU)QU/, EI)/H A)NAKEKAMME/NON TO\ EU)QU/: O(/PER A)DU/NATON, TO\ EU)QU\ KEKA/MFQAI. KAI\ EI) KA/MPTETAI PA=N, H)\ A)NA-KA/MPTEI H)\ KATAKA/MPTEI.>20}1 @*DIA\ DU/O E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN KATASKEUA/ZEI, O(/TI TO\ A)NAKAMPTO/MENON OU) META-BA/LLEI A)PO\ EU)QE/OS EI)S TO\ KAMPU/LON H)\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN A)PO\ KAMPU/LOU EI)S %2%2%2 E(/TERON KAMPU/LON. KAI\ E)/STI TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA TOIOU=TON: EI) TO\ A)NAKE-KAMME/NON A)PO\ KAMPU/LOU EI)S EU)QU\ METABA/LLEI, EU(REQH/SETAI OU)KE/TI MO/NON KAMPU/LON, A)LLA\ KAI\ EU)QU/, O(/PER A)DU/NATON: OU) LE/GETAI GA\R TO\ A)NAKEKAM-ME/NON EU)QU/. TO\ DEU/TERON, O(/TI TO\ A)NAKAMPTO/MENON H)\ E)PI\ TA\ E)/MPROSQEN KA/MPTETAI KAI\ LE/GETAI KATAKA/MPTESQAI, H)\ E)PI\ TA\ O)PI/SW KAI\ LE/GETAI A)NA-KA/MPTESQAI: TO\ DE\ KATAKA/MPTESQAI KAI\ A)NAKA/MPTESQAI OU) LE/GETAI A)PO\ KAMPU/LOU EI)S EU)QU\ METABA/LLEIN H)\ A)PO\ EU)QE/OS EI)S KAMPU/LON, A)LL' A)PO\ KAMPU/LOU EI)S KAMPU/LON. OU)K A)/RA TO\ A)NAKAMPTO/MENON EI)S EU)QU\ METABA/LLEI. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*KAI\ TA\ ME\N KATAKTA\ H)\ QRAUSTA\ A(/MA H)\ XWRI/S.>20}1 @*(/EKTHN TAU/THN A)NTI/QESIN PARADI/DWSIN O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N TOU= KATAKTOU= KAI\ A)KATA/KTOU, H(=| PARA/KEITAI E(TE/RA A)NTI/QESIS TOU= QRAUSTOU= KAI\ A)QRAU/STOU. DIAFE/REI GA\R KATAKTO\N QRAUSTOU=, O(/TI TO\ ME\N KATAKTO\N EI)S MEI/ZONA ME/RH DI-AIREI=TAI TW=| EI)S MEI/ZONA DIASTH/MATA E)/XEIN TOU\S PO/ROUS, TO\ DE\ QRAUSTO\N EI)S E)LA/XISTA TW=| PUKNOTE/ROUS E)/XEIN TOU\S PO/ROUS KATA\ TO\ DIA/STHMA, W(/STE TA\ ME/N EI)SI MO/NWS KATAKTA/, O(/SA E)K DIASTH/MATOS E)/XEI TOU\S PO/ROUS, W(/SPER TO\ @1 CU/LON: TINA\ DE\ MO/NWS QRAUSTA/, O(/SA E)C E)LA/TTONOS DIASTH/MATOS E)/XEI TOU\S PO/ROUS, W(/SPER KI/SHRIS, TI/TANOS, %2%2%2 W(/SPER KE/RAMOS KAI\ U(/ELOS. A)LL' A)/CIO/N E)STIN A)PORI/AS, PW=S DUNATO\N TO\ AU)TO\ EI)=NAI KAI\ KATAKTO\N KAI\ QRAUSTO/N, EI)/ GE TA\ ME\N E)K MEI/ZONOS DIASTH/MATOS E)/XEI TOU\S PO/ROUS, TA\ D' E)C E)LA/TTONOS: MH\ A)/RA DUNATO\N TO\ AU)TO\ KAI\ E)K MAKROU= DIASTH/MATOS E)/XEIN TOU\S PO/ROUS KAI\ E)K BRAXE/OS. H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI DUNATO\N KAT' A)/LLA ME\N MO/RIA E)/XEIN E)K MAKROU= DIASTH/MATOS, KAT' A)/LLA D' E)K BRAXE/OS, KAI\ E)N OI(=S ME\N MORI/OIS OI( PO/ROI MHKO/QEN EI)SI/, KAT' E)KEI=NA KATA/GNUSQAI, E)N OI(=S DE\ PLHSI/ON EI)SI/, QRAU/ESQAI. KAI\ I)DOU\ E)/XEIS E)N TAU)TW=| E(/KTHN KAI\ E(BDO/MHN A)NTI/QESIN KATAKTOU= KAI\ A)KAT-A/KTOU, QRAUSTOU= KAI\ A)QRAU/STOU. EI)=TA DIALE/GETAI KAI\ PERI\ TH=S O)GDO/HS A)NTI-QE/SEWS O( FILO/SOFOS, LE/GW DH\ QLASTOU= KAI\ A)QLA/STOU, H(=| PARA/KEINTAI E(/TERAI TREI=S A)NTIQE/SEIS, H(/ TE TOU= PLASTOU= KAI\ A)PLA/STOU, KAI\ PIESTOU= KAI\ A)PIE/STOU, KAI\ PILHTOU= KAI\ A)PILH/TOU. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI QLASTO\N E)KEI=NO/ E)STI TO\ U(PEI=KON TH=| A(FH=| KATA\ BA/QOS, KATA\ TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN ME/NON A)DIAI/RETON, W(S EI)=NAI DH=LON, O(/TI TO\ U(/DWR OU)K E)/STI QLASTO/N, E)PEIDH\ MH/TE U(PEI/KEI TH=| A(FH=| KATA\ BA/QOS, A)LLA\ DIAIREI=TAI: W(SAU/TWS DE\ OU)/TE LI/QOS OU)/TE CU/LON DIAIROU=NTAI. A(FH=| DE\ LE/GW E)NTAU=QA U(PEI/KEIN DIA\ XEIRO\S GINOME/NH|, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N EU)-QLA/STWN. I)STE/ON GA/R, O(/TI TW=N QLASTW=N TA\ ME\N EU)/QLASTA/ EI)SI, TA\ DE\ DU/S-QLASTA: EU)/QLASTA ME/N, O(/SA U(PEI/KEI TH=| XEIRI\ MH\ DIAIROU/MENA, OI(=ON KHRO/S, E)/RIA KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA, DU/SQLASTA DE/, O(/SA PLHGH=| U(PEI/KEI MH\ DIAIROU/MENA, OI(=ON SI/DHROS, XALKO\S KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. TW=N D' EU)QLA/STWN TA\ ME\N MO/NIMON E)/XEI TH\N QLA/SIN KAI\ LE/GONTAI PLASTA/, OI(=ON KHRO/S [1KAI\ I)DOU\ LE/GEI SOI TH\N TOU= PLASTOU= KAI\ A)PLA/STOU A)NTI/QESIN]1, TA\ DE\ OU) MO/NIMON E)/XEI TH\N QLA/SIN, A)LLA\ PA/LIN A)POKAQI/STANTAI EI)S TO\ A)RXAI=ON KAI\ LE/GONTAI PIESTA/, W(/SPER SPO/GGOS, E)/RIA KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. KAI\ I)DOU\ E)/XEIS TH\N TOU= PIESTOU= KAI\ A)PIE/STOU A)NTI/QESIN. PIESTO\N GA/R E)STIN E)KEI=NO TO\ SUNIZA/NON KATA\ TOU\S E(AUTOU= PO/ROUS KAI\ PA/LIN A)POKAQISTA/MENON. SUNIZA/NEI DE\ DIA\ TO\ KENOU\S AU)TOU\S EI)=NAI SUGGENOU=S SW/MATOS, PLH/REIS DE\ AU)TOU\S EI)=NAI A)LLOTRI/OU SW/MATOS H)\ PA/MPAN A)NEPAISQH/TOU, TOUTE/STIN A)E/ROS, H)\ U(GROU=, TOUTE/STIN U(/DATOS, W(/SPER E)PI\ SPO/GGOU. TOU=TO DE\ TO\ PIESTO\N H)\ MO/NIMON E)/XEI TH\N PI/ESIN H)\ OU) MO/NIMON. A)LL' EI) MH\ MO/NIMON, LE/GETAI A(PLW=S PIESTO\N TO\ TOIOU=TON: EI) DE\ [MH\] MO/NIMON, LE/GETAI PILHTO/N, OI(=A/ EI)SI TA\ PILHTA/, E)F' OI(=S O)XOU=NTAI E)PI\ TW=N I(/PPWN. KAI\ I)DOU\ E)/XEIS KAI\ TH\N TOU= PILHTOU= KAI\ A)PILH/TOU A)NTI/QESIN A)NAGOME/NHN U(PO\ TO\ QLASTO/N. O(/QEN H(MEI=S META\ TO\ QLASTO\N KAI\ PLASTO\N KAI\ PIESTO\N EU)QU\S PERI\ PILHTOU= DIEILE/XQHMEN DIA\ TO\ E)K TOU/TWN EI)=NAI. O( ME/NTOI *)ARISTOTE/LHS MET' A)/LLAS TINA\S A)NTIQE/SEIS PERI\ AU)TOU= DIALAMBA/NEI. E)F' OI(=S KAI\ E)P' A)/LLHN A)NTI/QESIN PARAKEIME/NHN ME\N TW=| QLASTW=| KAI\ A)QLA/STW| METE/RXETAI O( FILO/-SOFOS, LE/GW DH\ TO\ E)LATO\N KAI\ A)NE/LATON. OU)DE\N GA\R E(/TERO/N E)STIN E)LATO\N H)\ QLASTO\N DU/SQLASTON, OI(=ON XALKO/S, SI/DHROS KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI E)LATO\N E)KEI=NO/ E)STIN, O(/PER TH=| AU)TH=| PLHGH=| KINEI=TAI KATA\ TA\S TREI=S DIA-STA/SEIS, KATA\ ME\N TO\ BA/QOS MEIOU/MENON, KATA\ DE\ TO\ PLA/TOS KAI\ TO\ MH=KOS @1 AU)CANO/MENON: A)NE/LATON DE\ KAI\ TO\ MH\ O)\N TOIOU=TON. KAI\ I)DOU\ E)/XEIS E(TE/RAN A)NTI/QESIN PARAKEIME/NHN TW=| QLASTW=| KAI\ A)QLA/STW|, TO\ E)LATO\N KAI\ A)NE/LATON, W(S EI)=NAI DIAI/RESIN TOIAU/THN: TW=N QLASTW=N TA\ ME\N MO/NIMON E)/XEI TH\N QLA/SIN, W(/SPER TA\ PLASTA/, TA\ DE\ O)LIGOXRO/NION, W(/SPER TA\ PIESTA/, KAI\ TW=N PIESTW=N TA\ ME\N O)LIGOXRO/NION E)/XOUSI TH\N PI/ESIN, W(/SPER TA\ A(PLW=S PIESTA/, TA\ DE\ MO/NIMON, W(/SPER TA\ PILHTA/. DIALE/GETAI DE\ PRW=TON KAI\ PERI\ E(LKTOU= KAI\ A)NE/LKTOU, W(=| PARA/KEITAI TO\ GLI/SXRON KAI\ TO\ YAQURO/N. A)LL' H(MEI=S DIA\ TH\N PRO\S TO\ QLASTO\N SUGGE/NEIAN TOU= E)LATOU= PROETA/CAMEN AU)TO\ TOU= E(LKTOU=. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI E(LKTO/N E)STIN E)KEI=NO TO\ EI)S MH=KOS E)PIDIDOU=N XWRI\S PLHGH=S. EI)S MH=KOS DE\ E)PIDI/DWSI TA\ TOIAU=TA DI' U(GRO/THTA H)\ OI)KEI/AN H)\ A)LLOTRI/AN: OI)KEI/AN ME\N W(S E)/RION, I(MA/S, ME/LI, QRI/C, DE/RMA KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA: A)LLOTRI/AN DE\ W(/SPER STAI=S, PHLO\S KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. OU(/TW DE\ KAI\ TO\ E)/LAION E)PIMIGNU/MENON E(TE/RA| U(GRO/THTI, OI(=ON O)/CEI, U(/DATI H)\ A)/LLW| TINI\ U(GRW=| E(/LKETAI E)PI\ BRAXU\ KAI\ E(LKTO\N GI/NETAI. TW=N DE\ OI)KEI/AN E)XO/NTWN U(GRO/THTA A)/LLWS U(PA/RXOUSIN E(LKTA\ MO/NON, OI(=ON E)/RIA, NEU=RA KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA: TA\ D' E)NERGEI/A| TH\N SU/MFUTON E)/XONTA U(GRO/THTA E(LKTA\ TAU=TA KAI\ GLI/SXRA U(PA/RXOUSIN, OI(=ON ME/LI, U(GRA\ PI/TTA. O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ TA\ A)LLOTRI/AN U(GRO/THTA E)/XONTA E(LKTA\ GLI/SXRA EI)SI/N, W(/SPER STAI=S, KO/MMI, PHLO/S. KAI\ GA\R KAI\ OU(=TOS DIA\ TO\ E)N AU)TW=| GLI/SXRON E)PIDI/-DWSIN EI)S MH=KOS KAI\ E(/LKETAI MH\ DIAIROU/MENOS, W(S EI)=NAI GLI/SXRA E)K TW=N E(LKTW=N TW=N TE A)LLOTRI/AN E)XO/NTWN U(GRO/THTA KAI\ TW=N OI)KEI/AN E)XO/NTWN E)NE/R-GEIAN, W(S EI)=NAI DIAI/RESIN TOIAU/THN: TW=N E(LKTW=N TA\ ME\N A)LLOTRI/AN E)/XOUSIN U(GRO/THTA, W(S STAI=S, KO/MMI, PHLO/S, A(\ KAI\ GLI/SXRA EI)SI/, TA\ DE\ SU/MFUTON, KAI\ TW=N SU/MFUTON E)XO/NTWN U(GRO/THTA E(LKTW=N TA\ ME\N DUNA/MEI AU)TH\N E)/XOUSIN, W(/SPER E)/RION, I(MA/S, DE/RMA, QRI/C, A(/TINA E(LKTA\ MO/NON EI)SI/, TA\ D' E)NERGEI/A|, W(S ME/LI, U(GRA\ PI/TTA, FLE/GMA KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA, A(/TINA E(LKTA/ EI)SI KAI\ GLI/SXRA. A)NTI/KEITAI DE\ TW=| GLI/SXRW| W(S ME\N E)N U(GROI=S TO\ U(DATW=DES, W(S D' E)N STEREOI=S TO\ YAQURO/N. E)/STI DE\ YAQURO\N TO\ MH/TE OI)KEI/AN E)/XON U(GRO/THTA MH/TE A)LLOTRI/AN A)NA/PALIN TW=| GLI/SXRW|. E)F' OI(=S O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ PERI\ SXISTOU= KAI\ A)SXI/STOU KAI\ TMHTOU= KAI\ A)TMH/TOU DIALAMBA/NEI KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI SXISTA\ ME/N EI)SIN, O(/SA DIAIROU=NTAI PLE/ON H)\ TO\ DIAIROU=N DIAIREI=, TMHTA\ DE/, O(/SA E)PI\ TOSOU=TON DIAIREI=TAI MO/NON, O(/SON DIAIREI= TO\ DIAIROU=N. TO\ GA\R CU/LON SXISTO\N LjU(PA/RXON U(PO\ BI/AS TH=S TOU= PELE/KEWS PLHGH=S E)PI\ POLU\ DIA/STHMA SXI/ZETAI KAI\ KATA\ BA/QOS, A)LLA\ KAI\ TMHTO\N U(PA/RXON TOSOU=TON TE/MNETAI, O(/SON DIAIREI= TO\ DIAIROU=N KATA\ PLA/TOS W(S E)PI\ TH=S PRI/SEWS, W(S EI)=NAI SXI/SIN ME\N BA/QOS PLE/ON H)\ KATA\ TO\ POIOU=N, TMH=SIN DE\ PLA/TOS, E)F' O(/SON POIEI= TO\ POIOU=N. TAU=TA GA\R PARADI/DWSIN H( META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS. {1<20*KAI\ TA\ ME\N KATAKTA\ KAI\ QRAUSTA\ A(/MA H)\ XWRI/S.>20}1 @*TA\S DU/O A)NTIQE/SEIS PARADI/DWSI TOU= KATAKTOU= KAI\ TOU= QRAUSTOU=. KAI/ @1 FHSIN, O(/TI TAU=TA H)\ A(/MA EI)SI\ H)\ XWRI/S, TOUTE/STIN H)\ MO/NWS KATAKTA\ H)\ MO/NWS QRAUSTA\ H)\ A(/MA KATAKTA\ KAI\ QRAUSTA/. {1<20*DIAFE/REI DE/, O(/TI KA/TACIS MO/NH E)STI\N H( EI)S MEGA/LA ME/RH DIAI/RESIS KAI\ XW/RHSIS, QRAU=SIS D' EI)S TA\ TUXO/NTA KAI\ PLEI/W DUOI=N.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA DUOI=N TO\N O(RISMO\N TOU= KATAKTOU= KAI\ QRAUSTOU= PARADI/DWSI. {1<20*KAI\ TA\ ME\N QLASTA/, OI(=ON XALKO\S KAI\ KHRO/S, TA\ DE\ A)/QLASTA, OI(=ON KE/RAMOS KAI\ U(/DWR.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN PERI\ TOU= QLASTOU= KAI\ A)QLA/STOU DIALE/GETAI. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ QLA/SIS E)PIPE/DOU KATA\ ME/ROS EI)S BA/QOS META/-STASIS W)/SEI H)\ PLHGH=|, TO\ D' O(/LON A(FH=|.>20}1 @*(ORI/ZETAI, TI/ E)STI TO\ QLASTO/N, KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI QLASTO/N E)STI E)PIPE/DOU, TOUTE/STI TH=S E)PIFANEI/AS, KATA\ ME/ROS EI)S BA/QOS META/STASIS. KALW=S D' EI)=PE <20KATA\ ME/ROS:>20 TO\ GA\R U(PEI=KON KATA\ BA/QOS OU)K A)QRO/ON U(PEI/KEI, A)LLA\ KATA\ ME/ROS, O(/QEN OU) DIAIREI=TAI. KALW=S D' EI)=PE KAI\ TO\ <20META/STASIS:>20 MEQI/STATAI GA\R TO\ E)PI/PEDON A)PO\ TOU= O(MALOU= EI)S TO\ KOI=LON. E)PI/PEDON DE\ LE/GEI TH\N E)PIFA/NEIAN, % E)KA/LOUN KAI\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN. PW=S D' A)/RA GI/NETAI H( META/STASIS TH=S E)PIFANEI/AS EI)S TO\ BA/QOS; H)\ DHLONO/TI A(FH=| TINOS. POI/A| D' A(FH=|; H)\ U(PO\ W)/SEWS GINOME/NH|, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N EU)QLA/STWN [1A)RKEI= GA\R E)PI\ TW=N TOIOU/TWN W)/QHSIS DAKTU/LOU MO/NH PRO\S TO\ KOILA=NAI TO\ E)PI/PEDON, W(/SPER E)PI\ KHROU=, E)RI/OU KAI\ TW=N TOIOU/TWN]1, H)\ U(PO\ PLHGH=S, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N DUSQLA/-STWN, OI(=ON XALKOU=. W(/STE H( QLA/SIS GI/NETAI U(PO\ A(FH=S KAI\ A(FH=S H)\ U(PO\ W)/SEWS H)\ U(PO\ PLHGH=S GINOME/NHS. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ TA\ TOIAU=TA KAI\ MALAKTA/, OI(=ON KHRO/S, KAI\ SKLHRA/, OI(=ON XALKO/S.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TH\N DIAI/RESIN TW=N QLASTW=N PARADI/DWSIN, O(/TI TA\ ME\N TOU/-TWN EI)SI\N EU)/QLASTA, TA\ DE\ DU/SQLASTA. EI)=TA KAI\ TA\ A)/QLASTA PARADI/DWSIN, A(/PER EI)SI\ KRU/STALLOS KAI\ O(/SA MH\ U(PEI/KOUSI KATA\ BA/QOS TH=| A(FH=|, A)LLA\ DIAIROU=NTAI. @1 {1<20*TW=N DE\ QLASTW=N O(/SA ME/NEI QLASQE/NTA KAI\ EU)/QLASTA XEIRI/, TAU=TA ME\N PLASTA/.>20}1 @*TH\N A)/LLHN DIAI/RESIN TW=N QLASTW=N PARADI/DWSIN, O(/TI TA\ ME\N MO/NIMON E)/XONTA TH\N QLA/SIN EU)/QLASTA O)/NTA PLASTA/ EI)SIN E)KEI=NA, TA\ DE\ MH\ MO/NIMON, E)KEI=NA PIESTA/. O(/QEN OU)D' A)PORHTE/ON, TI/ DH/POTE O( XALKO\S [MH\] MO/NIMON E)/XWN TH\N QLA/SIN OU)K E)/STI PLASTO/S: E)KEI=NOS GA\R TW=N DUSQLA/STWN E)STI/N, H(MEI=S DE\ PERI\ TW=N EU)QLA/STWN DIALEGO/MEQA. {1<20*TA\ DE\ H)\ MH\ EU)/QLASTA, W(/SPER LI/QOS KAI\ CU/LON.>20}1 @*ZHTHTE/ON, PW=S LI/QON KAI\ CU/LON QLASTA\ LE/GEI O( FILO/SOFOS: OU)/TE GA\R U(PEI/KEI EI)S BA/QOS H( TOU/TWN E)PIFA/NEIA, W(/SPER E)LE/GOMEN E)PI\ TW=N QLASTW=N. H)\ LE/GOMEN, O(/TI OU) PERI\ PANTO\S LI/QOU LE/GEI, OU) PERI\ PANTO\S CU/LOU, A)LLA\ LI/QOU MO/NON TOU= KORALI/OU, O(/PER E)STI\ BRU/ON QALA/SSION KAI\ PE-PHGO/S: TOU=TO GA/R PWS KOILAI/NETAI. W(SAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ E)N CU/LOIS TO\ SU/KINON: KAI\ TOU=TO GA\R U(PEI/KEI TH=| A(FH=| H)RE/MA PWS. {1<20*MH\ ME/NEI DE\ H( QLA/SIS, W(/SPER E)RI/OU H)\ SPO/GGOU, OU) QLASTA/, A)LLA\ PIESTA\ TAU=TA/ E)STI.>20}1 @*TH\N E(TE/RAN A)NTI/QESIN LE/GEI TH\N E)K TOU= QLASTOU= GINOME/NHN, TH\N TOU= PIESTOU=. {1<20*)/ESTI D' W)=SIS ME\N KI/NHSIS U(PO\ KINOU=NTOS, H(\ GI/NETAI @U(PO\ TH=S A(/YEWS: PLHGH\ DE/, O(/TAN H)=| A)PO\ TH=S FORA=S.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ EI)=PE PA/NTA TA\ QLASTA\ H)\ PLHGH=| H)\ W)/SEI EI)/KEIN, TAU)TO\N D' EI)PEI=N A(FH=|, NU=N O(RI/ZETAI, TI/ E)STI PLHGH/, O(/TI KI/NHSIS U(PO\ FORA=S GINOME/NH. W)=SIS DE\ KAI\ KI/NHSIS U(PO\ TH=S A(PLW=S A(FH=S, H(/TIS OU) GI/NETAI U(PO\ FORA=S BIAI/WS. {1<20*KAI\ PIESTA\ TAU=TA, O(/SA DU/NATAI EI)S TA\ E(AUTW=N KENA\ SUNIE/NAI.>20}1 @*TOUTE/STIN EI)S TOU\S E(AUTW=N PO/ROUS. @1 {1<20*)ENI/OTE GA\R OU) KENOI/ EI)SIN EI)S OU(\S SUNE/RXONTAI, OI(=ON O( BEBREGME/NOS SPO/GGOS.>20}1 @*TI/ DH/POTE EI)=PE TO\ <20E)NI/OTE;>20 TI/ GA/R E)STI TO\ KENO/N %2%2%2 AI)SQHTO\N KAI\ A)NAI/SQHTON SW=MA LE/GEI. E)NI/OTE GA/R, FHSI/N, OU) KENOI/ EI)SIN %2%2 AI)SQHTOU= SW/MATOS, TOUTE/STIN U(/DATOS, W(/SPER SPO/GGOS. {1<20*(ELKTA/ D' E)STI/N, O(/SWN DU/NATAI EI)S TO\ PLA/GION MEQI/-STASQAI TO\ E)PI/PEDON.>20}1 @*(H E(TE/RA A)NTI/QESIS TOU= E(LKTOU= KAI\ A)NE/LKTOU. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ E)LATA\ ME/N, O(/SA AU)TH=| PLHGH=| DU/NATAI A(/MA EI)S @PLA/TOS KAI\ EI)S BA/QOS TO\ E)PI/PEDON MEQI/STASQAI.>20}1 @*(H E(TE/RA A)NTI/QESIS TOU= E)LATOU= KAI\ A)NELA/TOU. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ KAI\ TA\ ME\N SXISTA/, OI(=ON CU/LON, TA\ D' A)/SXISTA, OI(=ON KE/RAMOS.>20}1 @*(H E(TE/RA A)NTI/QESIS TOU= SXISTOU= KAI\ A)SXI/STOU KAI\ H( TOU/TOU DIAFORA\ PRO\S TMHTO\N KAI\ A)/TMHTON. {1<20*GLI/SXRON D' E)STI/N, O(/TAN E(LKTO\N H)\ U(GRO\N H)\ MALAKO/N.>20}1 @*(/ORA, PW=S NU=N TAU/THN TH\N A)NTI/QESIN PARADI/DWSIN. H(MEI=S DE\ META\ TO\ E(LKTO\N AU)TO\ PARADEDW/KAMEN DIA\ TO\ E)/XEIN PRO\S AU)TO\ SUGGE/NEIAN. KAI\ O(/RA, PW=S TO\ GLI/SXRON H)\ MALAKTO\N E(LKTO\N LE/GEI H)\ U(GRO\N E(LKTO/N. MALAKTO\N ME\N GLI/SXRON, I(/NA EI)/PH| TO\ E)PI/KTHTON E)/XON TH\N U(GRO/THTA E(LKTO/N, W(/SPER TO\ STAI=S H)\ PHLO\S H)\ KO/MMI, U(GRO\N D' E(LKTO\N EI)=PE TO\ SU/MFUTON E)/XON U(GRO/THTA, O(/PER E)STI\ GLI/SXRON, W(S E)/LAION, ME/LI, PI/SSA U(GRA\ KAI\ TA\ TOIAU=TA. {1<20*PILHTA\ D' O(/SA TW=N PIESTW=N MO/NIMON E)/XEI TH\N PI/ESIN.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ KAI\ TAU/THN TH\N A)NTI/QESIN NU=N PARADI/DWSIN. H(MEI=S DE\ META\ TA\ @1 PIESTA/, E)PEIDH\ E)LE/GOMEN E)KEI=NA EI)=NAI PILHTA/, O(/SA PIESTA\ MONI/MWS E)STI\ PIESTA/: OU)KOU=N DIA\ TH\N PRO\S AU)TA\ SUGGE/NEIAN META\ E)KEI=NA PARADEDW/KAMEN. {1<20*PRA=CIS .>20}1 {1<20*KAI\ TA\ ME\N KAUSTA/ E)STI, TA\ D' A)/KAUSTA.>20}1 @*)EPI\ TA\S LOIPA\S DU/O A)NTIQE/SEIS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS META/GEI TO\N LO/GON KAI\ DIALE/GETAI PERI\ KAUSTOU= KAI\ A)KAU/STOU KAI\ QUMIATOU= KAI\ A)QUMIA/TOU. EI)=TA META\ TO\ SUMPLHRW=SAI TO\N PERI\ TW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN LO/GON PA/LIN E)PANALAM-BA/NEI TO\N PERI\ KAUSTOU= KAI\ A)KAU/STOU KAI\ QUMIATOU= KAI\ A)QUMIA/TOU LO/GON. TOU=TO D' OU) MA/THN, A)LL' I(/NA DEI/CH| KAI\ TO\ QUMIATO\N KAUSTO\N U(PA/RXON [1E)DO/KEI GA\R O)SFRANTO\N EI)=NAI]1, KAI\ I(/NA TOU=TO DEIKNU\S A)PODEI/CH| TA\S A)NTI-QE/SEIS A(PTA\ EI)=NAI PA/QH, I(/NA PA/NTA TA\ U(PO\ SELH/NHN MH\ E)KFU/GH| TOU= EI)=NAI A(PTA/. PA=SAI GA\R AI( A)/LLAI A(PTAI\ H)=SAN O(MOLOGOUME/NWS, MO/NH H( TOU= QUMIA-TOU= E)DO/KEI MH\ EI)=NAI A(PTH/, A)LL' O)SFRANTH/. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI KAUSTO/N E)STI TO\ E)/XON PO/ROUS PAQHTIKOU\S PRO\S TO\ DE/CASQAI E)/NDON TO\ PU=R. I)DOU\ GA\R H( SALAMA/NDRA DIA\ TO\ E)STERH=SQAI TW=N TOIOU/TWN PO/RWN OU) KA/ETAI U(PO\ TOU= PURO/S, A)LLA\ TOU)NANTI/ON SBE/NNUSI KAI\ TA\S KAMI/NOUS. O(/QEN POLLH\ FRONTI\S PARA\ TOI=S U(ELE/YAIS TOU= TINA/SSEIN TH\N PA/PURON XA/RIN TOU= MH\ EU(REQH=NAI E)/NDON SALAMA/NDRAN KAI\ SBE/SAI TH\N KA/MINON: ZHMIW=DES GA\R AU)TOI=S TO\ TOI-OU=TON KAQE/STHKEN. A)LL' OU) MO/NON TO\ E)/XEIN PO/ROUS TOIOU/TOUS A)PO/XRH PRO\S TO\ EI)=NAI KAUSTO/N, A)LLA\ DEI= U(GRO/THTA E)/XEIN PAQHTIKH\N U(PO\ PURO/S, TOUTE/STIN A)ERW/DH KAI\ OU)XI\ U(DATW/DH. I)DOU\ GOU=N TA\ XLWRA\ CU/LA E)PEIDH\ POLLH\N E)/XOUSI TH\N U(DATW/DH U(GRO/THTA, OU) KA/ONTAI, A)LLA\ SBE/NNUSI TO\ PU=R, E)PEIDH\ OU)X OI(=A/ TE/ E)STI KRATHQH=NAI U(PO\ PURO\S H( TOIAU/TH: TA\ DE\ CHRA\ CU/LA E)PEIDH\ A)ERW/DH E)/XOUSI TH\N U(GRO/THTA, KAI/ONTAI. KAI\ O(/TI A)ERW/DHS E)STI\N H( E)N AU)TOI=S U(GRO/THS, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ MA/LISTA TAU=TA E)PINH/XONTAI TW=| U(/DATI. KAI\ TAU=TA PERI\ TOU= KAUSTOU= KAI\ A)KAU/STOU. E)F' OI(=S LOIPO\N O( FILO/SOFOS KAI\ E)PI\ ˈTH\N TELEUTAI/AN A)NTI/QESIN METE/RXETAI, LE/GW DH\ TH\N TOU= QUMIATOU=. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI QUMIATO/N E)STIN, E)C OU(= E)KKRI/NETAI ME/ROS GH=S KAI\ U(/DATOS U(PO\ PURO/S. KALW=S DE\ PRO/SKEITAI TO\ "3U(PO\ PURO/S"3, E)PEIDH\ GI/NETAI TOU/TOIS DIA-FO/RHSIS KAI\ U(PO\ XRO/NOU, A(/PER OU)K E)/TI EI)SI\ QUMIATA/, A)LLA\ KOPRW/DH [1DIA-LU/ONTAI GA\R KAQA/PER GH= TA\ XRO/NIA QUMIA/MATA MH\ E)/XONTA QUMI/ASIN]1, TO\ DE\ U(PO\ PURO\S E)KKRINO/MENON ME/ROS GH=S KAI\ U(/DATOS, E)KEI=NO/ E)STI QUMIATO/N. O(/QEN TO\ U(/DWR OU)K A)\N EI)/POIMEN QUMIATO/N, E)PEIDH\ QERMAINO/MENON A)TMI/DA MO/NON U(DATW/DH E)KKRI/NEI, OU) MH\N KAI\ GEW/DH OU)SI/AN. KAI\ O(/TI GEW/DH OU)SI/AN E)K- @1KRI/NEI TO\ QUMIW/MENON, DH=LON, E)PEIDH\ TA\ PARAKEI/MENA OU) DIAI/NEI, TOUTE/STIN OU)X U(GRAI/NEI, A)LLA\ MO/NON XRWMATI/ZEI [1MELAI/NEI GA\R AU)TA/]1: H( GA\R U(GRO/THS E)CIKMAZOME/NH A)NALI/SKETAI U(PO\ TOU= PURO/S. EI)=TA W(/SPER E(AUTOU= E)PILANQANO/-MENOS O( FILO/SOFO/S FHSIN, O(/TI TA\ QUMIATA\ DIAI/NEI, KAI\ A)/POROS O( LO/GOS. DOKEI= GA\R A)NTIFA/SEI PERIPEPTWKE/NAI O( FILO/SOFOS POTE\ ME\N LE/GWN AU)TO\ DI-AI/NEIN, POTE\ DE\ MH\ DIAI/NEIN. H)\ R(HTE/ON, W(S E)PELU/SATO O( ME/GAS FILO/SOFOS, O(/TI OU)K A)NTIFA/SEI PERIPE/PTWKEN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. TA\ GA\R QUMIA/MATA KAI\ DIAI/NEI KAI\ OU) DIAI/NEI: DIAI/NEI ME\N TH\N OI)KEI/AN E)PIFA/NEIAN E)CATMIZOME/NOU TOU= E)N AU)TOI=S U(GROU=, KAQA/PER OI( KE/RAMOI TH\N A)RXH\N E)MBLHQE/NTES E)N TH=| KAMI/NW|, O(/QEN E)LE/GOMEN AU)TOU\S KAI\ DIASTRE/FESQAI: OU) DIAI/NEI DE\ TA\ PARAKEI/MENA, A)LLA\ MO/NON MELAI/NEI. OU(/TW TOI/NUN E)PILU/ONTAI TH\N A)PORI/AN. TAU=TA DE\ TA\ QUMIA/MATA TRITTA/ EI)SIN: H)\ GA\R E)N CULW/DESI GI/NETAI H( QUMI/ASIS KAI\ KALEI=TAI KAPNO/S, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N CU/LWN, H)\ E)N LIPAROI=S KAI\ GI/NETAI KNI/SSA, W(/SPER E)PI\ E)LAI/OU H)\ STE/ATOS H)\ LI/POUS H)\ A)/LLOU TINO\S TOIOU/TOU, H)\ E)N PI/OSI KAI\ LE/GETAI LIGNU/S, W(/SPER E)PI\ SARKO\S LI/POS E)XOU/SHS H)\ LIBA/NOU H)\ GLUKE/OS OI)/NOU. KAI\ GA\R KAI\ OU(=TOS PI/WN E)STI\ KAI\ LI/POS, KAQA/PER TO\ ME/LI, DIA\ TO\ GEW/DH POLLH\N E)/XEIN OU)SI/AN: O(/QEN OU)/TE MEQU/SKEI DIA\ TO\ A)POLWLE/NAI AU)TO\N TH\N OI)NW/DH POIO/THTA. A)LLA\ ZHTHTE/ON, TI/ DIAFE/REI TO\ LIPARO\N KAI\ TO\ PI=ON. DIAFE/REI, O(/TI TO\ LIPARO\N E)NERGEI/A| E)/XEI TH\N U(GRO/THTA KAI\ PROFANW=S W(/SPER TOU)/LAION, W(/SPER TO\ LI/POS, TO\ DE\ PI=ON OU)K E)NERGEI/A| OU)/TE PROFANW=S, A)LLA\ MI=GMA/ E)STI STEREWTE/ROU SW/MATOS KAI\ U(GROU=, W(/SPER E)PI\ TH=S SARKO\S TH=S LI/POS E)XOU/SHS. A)LLA\ KAI\ O( POIHTH\S OI)=DE TH\N TOU/TOU DIAFORA/N. PERI\ GA\R TOU= LIPAROU= FHSI "XRI=SE DE\ LI/P' E)LAI/W|": PERI\ DE\ TOU= PI/ONO/S FHSIN O( AU)TO\S POIHTH\S "PI/ONA PENTAE/THRON". KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ QUMIATOU=. EI)=TA PA/LIN A)NAKEFALAIOU=TAI TO\N PERI\ TOU= KAUSTOU= LO/GON KAI\ TRI/A PERI\ TOU/TOU PARADI/DWSI, TO\N O(RISMO/N, TH\N DIAI/RESIN, TH\N PRO\S TO\ THKTO\N SU/GKRISIN. KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI KAUSTO/N E)STI TO\ EI)S TE/FRAN DIALUO/MENON. TI/ FH/S, *)ARISTO/TELES; PA=N KAUSTO\N EI)S TE/FRAN DIALU/ETAI; OU)KOU=N KATA\ SE\ OU)K E)/STI TO\ A)/XURON KAUSTO/N, E)PEIDH\ KAIO/MENON OU)K EI)S TE/FRAN DIALU/ETAI, A)LL' EI)S LIGNU/N. H)\ R(HTE/ON, O(/TI H( TOIAU/TH LIGNU\S OU) KURI/WS E)STI\ LIGNU/S, E)PEIDH\ OU)K A)PO\ PI/ONO/S E)STIN, A)LLA\ METRI/A TE/FRA PRO\S TH\N TOU= A)XU/ROU SU/STASIN. A)LLA\ PA/LIN KAI\ H( A)/SBESTOS OU) KAUSTH/, % A)LL' E)PEIDH\ OU)K EI)S TE/FRAN DIALU/ETAI, A)LL' OU)X O(MOI/AN TH=| TW=N CU/LWN, A)LL' E(TE/RA| TINI/: KAI\ GA\R H( KONI/A OI(=ON TE/FRA TI/S E)STIN. A)LLA\ PA/LIN KAI\ O( PURI/MAXOS LI/QOS OU) KAUSTO/S, E)PEIDH\ OU) DIALU/ETAI EI)S TE/FRAN: TOU)NANTI/ON DE\ PH/GNUTAI TO\ A)POSTA/ZON. R(HTE/ON DE\ KAI\ PRO\S TOU=TO, O(/TI TW=| O)/NTI OU) KAUSTO/S @1 E)STIN OU(=TOS, O(/QEN KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO PURI/MAXOS LE/GETAI. O( ME/NTOI MULI/AS KAUSTO/S E)STIN, E)PEIDH\ TO\ A)POSTA/ZON EI)S KO/NIN DIALU/ETAI, KAQA/PER H( TI/TANOS: KAI\ QRU/PTETAI GA/R. TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N PERI\ TOU= O(RISMOU= TOU= KAUSTOU=. LOIPO\N EI)/PWMEN KAI\ TH\N TOU/TOU DIAI/RESIN. TW=N GA\R KAUSTW=N TA\ ME\N FLOGISTA/ EI)SI, TA\ DE\ A)FLO/GISTA. KAI\ TW=N FLOGISTW=N TA\ ME\N KAQ' AU(TA/ EI)SI FLOGISTA/, TA\ D' OU) KAQ' AU(TA/, A)LLA\ META\ A)/LLWN: KAI\ TW=N KAQ' AU(TA\ FLOGISTW=N TA\ ME\N A)NQRAKEUTA/ EI)SI, TA\ D' OU)K A)NQRAKEUTA/. AU(/TH ME\N H( DIAI/RESIS, LOIPO\N EI)/PWMEN PARADEI/GMATA. KAUSTA\ ME\N GA\R A)FLO/GISTA/ EI)SI, TOUTE/STI MH\ POIOU=NTA FLO/GA, O(/SA MH\ E)/XEI A)ERW/DH U(GRO/THTA, OI(=ON TI/TANOS, LI/QOS KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA: FLOGISTA\ DE/, O(/SA E)/XEI A)ERW/DH U(GRO/THTA, W(/SPER TA\ CU/LA. TOU/TWN DE\ TW=N FLOGISTW=N O(/SA E)NERGEI/A| E)/XOUSI TH\N U(GRO/THTA OU) KA/ONTAI KAQ' AU(TA/, A)LLA\ MET' A)/LLOU SW/MATOS, W(/SPER TOU)/LAION KAI\ H( PI/TTA. TAU=TA GA\R XWRI\S TOU= SUNEKFLOGWQH=NAI E(TE/ROIS OU) KA/ONTAI, W(/SPER TO\ E)/LAION META\ STUPEI/OU H)\ A(/MA TW=| % TAPEINW=|: KAI\ AU)TA\ GA\R SUNEKFLOGOU=TAI. O(/SA DE\ MHD' E)NERGEI/A| E)/XOUSI TH\N U(GRO/THTA, TAU=TA KA/ONTAI KAI\ FLOGOU=NTAI, W(/SPER TA\ CU/LA. PA/LIN DE\ TOU/TWN TW=N KAQ' AU(TA\ E)KFLOGOUME/NWN O(/SA ME\N MA=LLON GEW/DOUS OU)SI/AS METE/XOUSI, TAU=TA KAI\ A)/NQRAKAS POIOU=SI KAI\ A)NQRA-KEUTA\ LE/GONTAI, W(/SPER TA\ STEREW/TERA CU/LA: O(/SA DE\ MA=LLON A)ERW/DOUS, TAU=TA OU)K A)NQRAKEU/ETAI, W(/SPER PA/PUROS, XO/RTOS KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA: OU) POI-OU=SI GA\R A)/NQRAKAS KURI/WS, A)LLA\ TA/XION DIALU/ONTAI. EI)=TA KAI\ E)PI\ TH\N SU/GKRISIN TOU= FLOGISTOU= KAI\ THKTOU= METE/RXETAI O( FILO/SOFOS. TW=N GA\R U(PO\ PURO\S PASXO/NTWN TA\ ME\N FLOGISTA/ EI)SI MO/NWS, OI(=ON TA\ CU/LA, TA\ DE\ THKTA\ MO/NWS, W(/SPER O( XALKO/S, TA\ DE\ KAI\ FLOGISTA\ KAI\ THKTA/, W(/SPER O( LIBANWTO/S [1OU(=TOS GA\R KAI\ TH/KETAI KAI\ E)KFLOGOU=TAI]1, TA\ DE\ OU)/TE FLOGISTA\ OU)/TE THKTA/, W(/SPER KE/RAMOS, SI/DHROS KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA. O(/SA ME\N GA\R A)ERW/DH POLLH\N E)/XEI OU)SI/AN KAI\ A)QRO/AN, TOUTE/STIN U(GRO/THTA, E)KEI=NA FLO-GISTA/ EI)SIN: O(/SA DE\ H)\ MH\ POLLH\N H)\ MH\ A)QRO/AN, A)LLA\ DIESPARME/NHN, E)KEI=NA A)/MFW KAI\ TH/KONTAI KAI\ FLOGOU=NTAI, W(/SPER O( LIBANWTO/S. E)K TOU/TWN OU)=N PA/NTWN A)NAFAI/NETAI, O(/TI KAUSTO/N E)STI TO\ QUMIATO/N. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N R(HTE/ON PERI\ TW=N A)NTIQE/SEWN. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA E)C U(/LHS KAI\ EI)/DOUS GI/NONTAI, U(/LHS ME\N CHROU= KAI\ U(GROU=, EI)/DOUS DE\ TW=N POIHTIKW=N AI)TI/WN QERMOU= KAI\ YUXROU=, AU(=TAI DE\ GI/NONTAI E)N TOI=S O(MOIOMERE/SI, DITTA\ DE\ TA\ O(MOIOMERH= [1H)\ GA\R A)PO\ TW=N STOIXEI/WN GI/NONTAI H)\ A)PO\ TH=S DITTH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS, W(/SPER XALKO\S KAI\ TA\ LOIPA\ ME/TALLA]1, DITTA\ DE\ KAI\ TA\ A)PO\ TW=N STOIXEI/WN O(MOIO-MERH= [1H)\ GA\R E)N ZW/|OIS E)STI/N, W(/SPER NEU=RA, O)STA=, SA/RKES KAI\ TA\ O(/MOIA, H)\ E)N FUTOI=S, W(/SPER FLOIO/S, CU/LON, R(I/ZA KAI\ O(/SA TOIAU=TA]1, E)FECH=S O( FILO/SOFOS TH\N TOU/TWN DIA/GNWSIN H(MA=S DIDA/SKEI, TI/NA ME\N U(PO\ QERMOU= PA/SXEI, TI/NA DE\ U(PO\ YUXROU=. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ H( DIA/GNWSIS H)\ A)PO\ TW=N POIHTIKW=N AI)TI/WN E)STI/, TOUTE/STI TOU= EI)/DOUS, H)\ A)PO\ TW=N U(LIKW=N, E)/STI D' H( ME\N A)PO\ TOU= EI)/DOUS @1 DIA/GNWSIS A)PO/DEICIS, H( D' A)PO\ TH=S U(/LHS TEKMH/RION [1A)PO\ GA\R TOU= PA/QOUS TOU= POIOU=NTOS TEKMAIRO/MEQA]1, KURIWTE/RA DE/ E)STIN H( A)PO/DEICIS TEKMHRI/OU, O(/SON KAI\ TO\ POIHTIKO\N TOU= PAQHTIKOU=, TOU/TOU XA/RIN O( FILO/SOFOS PROTA/TTEI TH\N A)PO\ TOU= POIOU=NTOS DIA/GNWSIN, EI)=Q' OU(/TWS E)PA/GEI KAI\ TH\N A)PO\ TH=S U(/LHS. TI/ D' E)/STIN AU(/TH, H( E)FECH=S H(MI=N QEWRI/A PARASTH/SEI. {1<20*)/ESTI DE\ KAUSTA/, O(/SA E)/XEI PO/ROUS DEKTIKOU\S PURO\S KAI\ U(GRO/THTA E)N TOI=S KAT' EU)QUWRI/AN PO/ROIS A)SQENE/STERON PURO/S.>20}1 @*)IDOU\ TA\ EI)/DH TOU= KAUSTOU= NU=N PARADI/DWSI, TO\ E)/XEIN PO/ROUS DEKTIKOU\S KAI\ U(GRO/THTA PAQHTIKH\N U(PO\ PURO\S E)N TOI=S PO/ROIS, DIA\ TA\ XLWRA\ CU/LA. {1<20*QUMIATA\ D' E)STI\ TW=N SWMA/TWN, O(/SA U(GRO/THTAS E)/XEI @ME/N, OU(/TW D' E)/XEI, W(/STE MH\ E)CATMI/ZEIN PUROUME/NWN XWRI/S.>20}1 @*TI/ FHSIN; O(/TI E)KEI=NA/ EI)SI QUMIATA/, A(/PER E)/XEI U(GRO/THTA SUNECATMIZO-ME/NHN TH=| OU)SI/A| TH=| GEW/DEI E)N TH=| PURW/SEI, OU) KAQ' E(AUTH\N D' E)CATMIZO-ΈME/NHN KAI\ XWRI\S TH=S GEW/DOUS OU)SI/AS. O(/QEN TO\ U(/DWR OU)K E)/STI QUMIATO\N DIA\ TO\ TH\N U(GRO/THTA MO/NHN E)CATMI/ZESQAI U(PO\ TOU= H(LI/OU H)\ U(PO\ PURO\S XWRI\S GEW/DOUS OU)SI/AS. {1<20*)/ESTI GA\R A)TMI\S U(PO\ QERMOU= KAUSTIKOU= EI)S A)E/RA KAI\ PNEU=MA E)/KKRISIS E)C U(GROU= DIANTIKH/.>20}1 @*NU=N TH\N QUMI/ASIN O(RI/ZETAI, O(/TI QUMI/ASI/S E)STIN A)TMI\S U(PO\ QERMOU= KAUSTIKOU=. KALW=S DE\ PROSE/QHKE TO\ <20U(PO\ QERMOU=>20 DIA\ TA\ U(PO\ XRO/NOU E)C-ATMI/ZONTA: E)KEI=NA GA\R OU) QUMIW=NTAI, A)LLA\ DIALU/ONTAI. KALW=S DE\ KAI\ TO\ <20U(PO\ KAUSTIKOU= QERMOU=>20 PRO/SKEITAI, E)PEIDH\ TO\ H(LIAKO\N QERMO\N OU(/TWS OU) POIEI= TH\N E)CA/TMISIN TW=N QUMIWME/NWN: OU) GA/R E)STI KAUSTIKO/N. <20EI)S A)E/RA>20 D' EI)=PEN, I(/NA SHMA/NH| TH\N E)KKRINOME/NHN U(GRA\N OU)SI/AN, <20EI)S PNEU=MA>20 DE\ DIA\ TH\N GEW/DH, TOUTE/STI TH\N LIGNU/N. EI)=TA PROSE/QHKEN <20E)C U(GROU= DIANTIKH/.>20 KAI\ A)/POROS O( LO/GOS, PW=S EI)=PE DIAI/NEIN TA\ QUMIW/MENA. H)\ DIAI/NEI ME\N AU)TA/, TOUTE/STI TH\N OI)KEI/AN E)PIFA/NEIAN: O(RW=MEN GA/R, O(/TI KAI\ LIBANWTO\S KAI\ STU/RAC QUMIW/MENA U(GRAI/NONTAI ME\N AU)TA/, OU)X U(GRAI/NOUSI DE\ TA\ PARAKEI/MENA, A)LLA\ XRW/NNUSIN. O(/QEN PARAKATIW\N E)REI= AU)TA\ MH\ DIAI/NEIN. {1<20*TA\ DE\ QUMIATA\ XRO/NW| EI)S A)E/RA E)KKRI/NETAI.>20}1 @*TH\N E(TE/RAN TW=N QUMIATW=N LE/GEI DIAFO/RHSIN TH\N DIA\ TOU= XRO/NOU. @1 {1<20*DIAFE/REI DE\ AU(/TH H( E)/KKRISIS, O(/TI OU) DIAI/NEI OU)/TE PNEU=MA GI/NETAI.>20}1 @*POI/A; H( U(PO\ TOU= XRO/NOU. 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EI)/RHTAI D' H( E)PI/LUSIS. {1<20*)/ESTI D' H( ME\N CULW/DOUS SW/MATOS QUMI/ASIS KAPNO/S.>20}1 @*)ENTEU=QEN TH\N DIAFORA\N PARADI/DWSI TW=N QUMIAMA/TWN, O(/TI TA\ ME\N CULW/DH O)/NTA KAI\ KAPNW/DH E)/XEI TH\N QUMI/ASIN, W(/SPER O)STA=, TRI/XES, O)/NUXES KAI\ TA\ TOIAU=TA: TAU=TA GA\R A)NALOGEI= TOI=S CU/LOIS W(S GEW/DOUS O)/NTA KAI\ A)ERW/DOUS OU)SI/AS. O(/QEN KAI\ *)EMPEDOKLH=S META\ TW=N CU/LWN %2 TA\ TOIAU=TA LE/GWN: "3TAU=TA DE/ E)STI TRI/XES KAI\ FU/LLA KAI\ OI)WNW=N PTERA\ PUKNA/, KAI\ % FOLIDONI/DES GI/NONTAI E)PI\ STIBAROI=SI MELE/ESSIN"3. O(/SA DE/ EI)SI LIPARA\ TW=N QUMIAMA/TWN, KNISSW/DH E)/XOUSI TH\N QUMI/ASIN, W(S LI/POS, E)/LAION KAI\ TA\ TOIAU=TA: O(/SA DE\ PI/ONA/ EI)SI, TAU=TA LIGNUW/DH, W(/SPER SA/RKES, GLEU=KOS, ME/LI KAI\ TA\ TOIAU=TA. @1 {1<20*DIA\ TOU=TO E)/LAION OU)X E(YA=TAI OU)/TE PAXU/NETAI, O(/TI QUMIATO/N E)STIN, A)LL' OU)K A)TMI/S: TO\ U(/DWR DE\ OU) QUMIATO/N, A)LL' A)TMISTO/N.>20}1 @*)EPEIDH\ EI)=PEN, O(/TI TO\ E)/LAION LIPARO\N O)\N QUMIW/MENON KNI/SSAN POIEI=, KATASKEUA/ZEI, O(/TI LIPARO/N E)STI, KAI/ FHSIN, O(/TI DIA\ TOU=TO OU)X E(YA=TAI OU)/TE PAXU/NETAI. KAI\ MH/N, *)ARISTO/TELES, A)NWTE/RW E)/LEGES TO\ E)/LAION PAXU/NESQAI U(PO\ YUXROU= H)\ U(PO\ QERMOU= H)\ E(YA=SQAI. A)LLA\ MH\N A)KOUSTE/ON, O(/TI OU) KA/E-TAI TO\ E)/LAION KAQ' AU(TO/, E)A\N MH\ META\ E(TE/RAS U(/LHS. "3PAXU/NESQAI"3 DE\ TO\ PH/GNUSQAI LE/GEI. DIA\ TOU=TO GA/R, FHSI/N, OU)/TE KA/ETAI KAQ' AU(TO\ OU)/TE PH/-GNUTAI, E)PEIDH\ LIPARO\N O)\N KAI\ GLI/SXRON OU)K E)CATMI/ZETAI H( E)N AU)TW=| U(GRO/THS U(PO\ TOU= PURO/S: KATE/XEI GA\R AU)TH\N DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI GLI/SXRON. TO\ DE\ U(/DWR TO\ A)NA/PALIN E)CATMI/ZETAI DIA\ TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI GLI/SXRON, O(/QEN PAXU/NETAI. {1<20*OI)=NOS D' O( ME\N GLUKU\S QUMIA=TAI. PI/WN GA/R, KAI\ TAU)TA\ POIEI= TW=| E)LAI/W|.>20}1 @*POI=A; TO\ MH\ PH/GNUSQAI U(PO\ YU/XOUS, TO\ PAXU/NESQAI U(PO\ QERMOU=, TO\ MH\ MEQU/SKEIN. KAI\ TAU=TA GA\R POIEI= TO\ E)/LAION. {1<20*(O TUXW\N D' OI)=NOS MIKRA\N E)/XEI QUMI/ASIN, DIA\ A)NI/HSI FLO/GA.>20}1 @*(O TUXW\N TH=S TOU= OI)/NOU FU/SEWS OI)=NOS, TOUTE/STIN OI)NW/DHS, MIKRA\N E)/XEI QUMI/ASIN A(/TE U(DATWDE/STEROS W)\N KAI\ LEPTO/S. 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DIA\ TOU=TO GA\R TAU=TA OU)/K EI)SI QUMIATA\ KAI\ TA\ O(/MOIA. <20QUMIATA\>20 D' EI)=PEN, I(/NA E)KFU/GH| TA\ GH=S O)/NTA MO/NA: OU)/TE GA\R TAU=TA FLOGOU=NTAI, W(/SPER O( KE/RAMOS, O(/QEN OU)/TE QUMIA=TAI. {1<20*)/ETI D' E)/NIA THKTA\ O)/NTA OU) FLOGISTA/ EI)SIN, OI(=ON XALKO/S.>20}1 @*)ENTAU=QA TH\N SU/GKRISIN THKTOU= KAI\ FLOGISTOU= PARADI/DWSIN. {1<20*FLOGISTA\ D' EI)SI\ TW=N QUMIATW=N, O(/SA MH\ THKTA/ EI)SI DIA\ TO\ MA=LLON EI)=NAI GH=S.>20}1 @%2%2%2 {1<20*KAI\ O(/SA H(/KISTA KA/ETAI MO/NA, O(/TI O)LI/GON CHROU= E)/XEI, H( @DE\ META/BASIS DIA\ TOU/TOU, META\ D' E(TE/ROU TA/XISTA.>20}1 @<20*(/HKISTA>20 "3OU)D' O(/LWS"3 A)KOUSTE/ON H)\ O)LI/GWS KAQ' E(AUTO\ LE/GEI KA/ESQAI TO\ E)/LAION, E)PEIDH\ O)LI/GISTON E)/XEI TO\ CHRO/N, O(/PER E)STI\ SUGGENE\S TW=| PURI/, POLU\ DE\ U(GRO/N. H( OU)=N META/BASIS EI)S PU=R DIA\ TOU= E)N AU)TW=| CHROU= GI/NETAI. MA/LISTA D' EI)S PU=R METABA/LLEI MET' A)/LLHS TINO\S U(/LHS, OI(=ON STUPEI/OU: THNIKAU=TA GA\R KAI\ U(/LH GI/NETAI TOU= PURO\S W(S A)ERW/DHS. {1<20*TOU/TOIS DE\ TOI=S PAQH/MASI KAI\ TAU/TAIS TAI=S DIAFORAI=S TA\ O(MOIOMERH= TW=N SWMA/TWN, W(/SPER EI)/RHTAI, DIAFE/REI A)LLH/LWN.>20}1 @*POI/OIS PAQH/MASI; TW=| YU/XESQAI, TW=| PAXU/NESQAI KAI\ MH\ PAXU/NESQAI, TW=| KA/ESQAI H)\ QUMIA=SQAI, A(/PER EI)SI\N A(PTIKA\ PA/QH, TOU/TOIS TOI=S PA/QESI DIAFE/ROUSIN A)LLH/LWN TA\ O(MOIOMERH=: POI=A; TA/ TE U(PO\ TW=N TESSA/RWN STOI-XEI/WN GEGENHME/NA, OI(=ON TA\ E)N TOI=S ZW/|OIS KAI\ TOI=S FUTOI=S, TA/ TE E)K TH=S DITTH=S A)NAQUMIA/SEWS, OI(=ON TA\ ME/TALLA. OU) MO/NON DE\ TOU/TOIS DIAFE/ROUSIN A)LLH/LWN, A)LLA\ KAI\ KATA\ TA\S GEUSTA\S KAI\ O)SFRHTA\S POIO/THTAS: PERI\ W(=N OU) @1 NU=N KAIRO\S LE/GEIN [1EI)/RHTAI GA\R E)N TW=| *PERI\ AI)SQH/SEWS KAI\ AI)SQHTOU=]1, A)LLA\ PERI\ MO/NWN TW=N A(PTIKW=N PAQW=N. A)LLA\ TH\N DIA/GNWSIN POIHSO/MEQA E)/K TE TW=N POIOU/NTWN E)/K TE TW=N PASXO/NTWN, W(S EI)/RHTAI, POI=A ME\N TW=N O(MOIO-MERW=N GH=S MO/NON, POI=A DE\ U(/DATOS MO/NON, POI=A DE\ GH=S KAI\ U(/DATOS. @1 {1*S*X*O*L*I*A *E*I*S *T*O*N *P*L*A*T*W*N*O*S *A*L*K*I*B*I*A*D*H*N *A*P*O *F*W*N*H*S *O*L*U*M*P*I*O*D*W*R*O*U *T*O*U *M*E*G*A*L*O*U *F*I*L*O*S*O*F*O*U}1 @*(O ME\N *)ARISTOTE/LHS A)RXO/MENOS TH=S E(AUTOU= QEOLOGI/AS FHSI/N: <20"3PA/N-TES A)/NQRWPOI EI)DE/NAI O)RE/GONTAI FU/SEI, SHMEI=ON DE\ H( TW=N AI)SQH/SEWN A)GA/PHSIS"3:>20 E)GW\ DE\ TH=S TOU= *PLA/TWNOS FILO-SOFI/AS A)RXO/MENOS FAI/HN A)\N TOU=TO MEIZO/NWS, O(/TI PA/NTES A)/NQRWPOI TH=S *PLA/TWNOS FILOSOFI/AS O)RE/GONTAI, XRHSTO\N PAR' AU)TH=S A(/PANTES A)RU/SA-SQAI BOULO/MENOI KAI\ KA/TOXOI TOI=S TAU/THS NA/MASIN EI)=NAI SPOUDA/ZONTES KAI\ TW=N *PLATWNIKW=N E)NQOUSIASMW=N PLH/REIS E(AUTOU\S KATASTH/SONTES. TE/S-SARES DE/ EI)SIN OU(=TOI PAR' AU)TW=| E)N TE/TRASI DIALO/GOIS: EI)=S ME\N E)N *TIMAI/W|, O(\N E)NQOUSIA=| QEO/LHPTOS GENO/MENOS KAI\ U(POKRINO/MENOS TO\N DH-MIOURGO\N PRO\S TA\ OU)RA/NIA DHMHGOROU=NTA PERI\ TH=S TW=N TH=|DE DIOIKH/SEWS, OU(\S <20"3NE/OUS QEOU\S"3>20 KALEI=: DIO\ KAI\ O( *)IA/MBLIXOS U(POMNHMATI/ZWN TO\N DIA/LOGON E)PE/GRAYEN <20"3EI)S TH\N DHMHGORI/AN TOU= *DIO/S"3.>20 DEU/TEROS E)NQOUSIASMO/S E)STIN E)N TH=| *POLITEI/A|, E)/NQA MOUSO/LHPTOS GEGONW\S U(PEKRI/QH TA\S *MOU/SAS DIECIOU/SAS TH\N LU/SIN TH=S U(P' AU)TOU= SUSTA/SHS POLITEI/AS, E)/NQA FHSI/N: <20"3PANTI\ GA\R GENOME/NW| KAI\ FQORA\ E(/PETAI E)C A)NA/GKHS"3.>20 TRI/TOS E)NQOUSIASMO\S O( E)N *FAI/DRW|, E)/NQA U(PO\ TH\N PLA/TANON O( *SWKRA/THS FILOSOFW=N PERI\ TOU= E)/RWTOS <20NUMFO/LHPTOS>20 E)GE/NETO. TE/TARTOS O( E)N *QEAITH/TW|, O(/POU KATA\ FILOSOFI/AN E)NEQOUSI/ASE TO\N <20KORUFAI=ON>20 U(POKRINA/MENOS FILO/SOFON, TOUTE/STI TO\N QEWRHTIKO/N. TOU/TWN TOI/NUN E(/NEKEN A(/PANTES TH=| *PLA/TWNOS FILOSOFI/A| PROSTRE/XOUSI. @*FE/RE DE\ KAI\ TO\ GE/NOS EI)/PWMEN TOU= FILOSO/FOU, OU) POLUHKOI/+AS XA/RIN, A)LL' W)FELEI/AS KAI\ PAIDEU/SEWS MA=LLON TW=N PROSIO/NTWN AU)TW=|: OU) GA/R TIS OU(=TOS *OU)/TIS, A)LLA\ MA=LLON POLLW=N <20E)PI/STROFOS H)=N A)NQRW/- @1PWN.>20 LE/GETAI GA\R O( *PLA/TWN UI(O\S GENE/SQAI PATRO\S ME\N *)ARI/STWNOS TOU= *)ARISTOKLE/OUS, A)F' OU(= TO\ GE/NOS EI)S *SO/LWNA TO\N NOMOQE/THN A)NE/FEREN: DIO\ KAI\ KATA\ ZH=LON PROGONIKO\N *NO/MOUS E)/GRAYEN E)N IB# BIBLI/OIS KAI\ *POLITEI/AS SU/STASIN E)N IA#: MHTRO\S DE\ PROH=LQE *PERIKTIO/NHS, H(/TIS A)PO\ *NHLE/WS TOU= *KO/DROU KATH/GETO. FASI\N OU)=N O(/TI FA/SMA *)APOLLWNIAKO\N SUNEGE/NETO TH=| MHTRI\ AU)TOU= TH=| *PERIKTIO/NH| KAI\ E)N NUKTI\ FANE\N TW=| *)ARI/-STWNI E)KE/LEUSEN AU)TW=| MH\ MIGH=NAI TH=| *PERIKTIO/NH| ME/XRI TOU= XRO/NOU TH=S A)POTE/CEWS, O( D' OU(/TW PEPOI/HKEN. KAI\ GENNHQE/NTA TO\N *PLA/TWNA LABO/NTES OI( GONEI=S BRE/FOS O)/NTA TEQEI/KASIN E)N TW=| *(UMHTTW=|, BOULO/MENOI U(PE\R AU)TOU= TOI=S E)KEI= QEOI=S *PANI\ KAI\ *NU/MFAIS KAI\ *)APO/LLWNI NOMI/W| QU=SAI. KAI\ KEIME/-NOU AU)TOU= ME/LITTAI PROSELQOU=SAI PEPLHRW/KASIN AU)TOU= TO\ STO/MA KHRI/WN ME/LITOS, I(/NA A)LHQE\S PERI\ AU)TOU= GE/NHTAI: @<20"3TOU= KAI\ A)PO\ GLW/SSHS ME/LITOS GLUKI/WN R(E/EN AU)DH/"3.>20 KALEI= DE\ E(AUTO\N PANTAXOU= KAI\ <20TOI=S KU/KNOIS O(MO/DOULON>20 W(S E)C *)APO/LLWNOS PROELQW/N: *)APOLLWNIAKO\N GA\R TO\ O)/RNEON. @*)EN H(LIKI/A| DE\ GENO/MENOS PRW=TON ME\N E)FOI/THSE *DIONUSI/W| TW=| GRAMMA-TISTH=| PRO\S MA/QHSIN KOINW=N GRAMMA/TWN, OU(= KAI\ E)N *)ERASTAI=S ME/MNHTAI, I(/NA MH/TE *DIONU/SIOS O( DIDA/SKALOS A)/MOIROS EI)/H TH=S PARA\ *PLA/TWNI MNH/MHS. 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DIA\ ME\N OU)=N TOU= EI)PEI=N "3A)PO/BLEYON EI)S E)ME\"3 DEDH/LWKEN O(/TI PERI\ TOU= GNW=NAI POLITIKW=S E(AUTO/N E)STIN O( SKOPO/S: DIA\ DE\ TOU= EI)PEI=N "3MH\ EI)S TO\ TUXO/N"3, O(/TI KAI\ KAQARTIKW=S, TOU= GA\R A)KROTA/TOU TH=S YUXH=S TO\ KAQAI/REIN E(AUTO/N: DIA\ DE\ TOU= "3O)/YEI E)N E)MOI\ NOU=N"3, O(/TI KAI\ QEWRHTIKW=S, PRE/PEI GA\R TW=| QEWRHTIKW=| TO\ KATA\ TO\N NOU=N TOI=S PRA/GMASIN O(MILEI=N: DIA\ DE\ TOU= "3KAI\ QEO/N"3, O(/TI KAI\ E)NQOUSIASTI-KW=S, KATA\ GA\R TO\ E)N H(MI=N QEI=ON E)NQOUSIW=MEN, A(PLOU=N O)\N W(/SPER KAI\ TO\ QEI=ON AU)TO/. 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O(/PER OU)=N PARA\ ME\N TW=| *)APO/LLWNI TO\ E)PI/GRAMMA TOU=TO, PARA\ DE\ TOI=S *AI)GUPTI/WN NAOI=S TA\ KA/TOPTRA, KEI/MENA ME\N PRO\ TW=N I(ERW=N, TAU)TO\N DE\ DUNA/MENA TW=| *PUQIKW=| GRA/MMATI [1PRO\S GA\R TO\ GINW/SKEIN E(AUTOU\S E)TI/QESAN TAU=TA, DI' AI)NIGMA/TWN A)EI\ DHLOU=NTES TA\ PRA/GMATA KAQA/PER OI( *(/ELLHNES DIA\ GRAM-MA/TWN]1, KAI\ AU)=QIS O(\ TW=| *PLWTI/NW| TO\ A# KEFA/LAION TO\ E)N TAI=S *)ENNEA/SI, <20TI/ TO\ ZW=|ON KAI\ TI/S O( A)/NQRWPOS,>20 E)/NQA DEI/KNUSI ZW=|ON ME\N TO\ SUNAMFO/TERON, A)/NQRWPON DE\ TH\N YUXH/N, TOU=TO KAI\ TW=| *PLA/TWNI O( *)ALKI-BIA/DHS TOIOU=TON E)/XWN SKOPO/N. E)N OI(=S H( PRA=CIS. @1 {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| B#}1 @$1*)=W PAI= *KLEINI/OU, OI)=MAI/ SE QAUMA/ZEIN.$ @*META\ TO\N SKOPO\N TRITTO\N O)/NTA, *PRO/KLEION, *DAMA/SKEION, E)CHGHTIKO/N [1TOUTE/STI TO\N TOI=S E)CHGHTAI=S A)RE/SANTA]1, FE/RE KAI\ TO\ XRH/SIMON TOU= PARO/N-TOS DIALO/GOU POLUPRAGMONH/SWMEN, KAI\ AU)TO\ TRITTO\N U(PA/RXON. 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TRI/TON PRO\S TO\ GNW=NAI TI/ A)GAQO\N TH=| YUXH=| KAI\ TI/ KAKO/N: W(/SPER GA\R EI) SW=MA H)=N O( A)/NQRWPOS, TELEIO/THS AU)TOU= ME/GEQOS KAI\ KA/L-LOS, EI) DE\ QUMO\S H)=N, TO\ FILO/TIMON, EI) DE\ E)PIQUMI/A, TO\ FILH/DONON, OU(/TWS E)PEIDH\ LO/GOS E)STI/N, TOUTE/STI LOGIKH\ YUXH/, AU)TA/RKHS AU)TW=| KAI\ PRO\S EU)DAIMONI/AN H( A)RETH\ KAI\ PRO\S KAKODAIMONI/AN H( KAKI/A. W(S GA/R FHSIN O( *PLA/TWN, A)/PEISIN H( YUXH\ E)N A(/|DOU MHDE\N E)/XOUSA PLH\N A)RETH=S KAI\ KAKI/AS. TOU=TO TO\ XRH/SIMON. @*PERI\ DE\ TH=S TA/CEWS R(HTE/ON O(/TI PRW=TON AU)TO\N DEI= TA/TTEIN TW=N *PLATW-NIKW=N A(PA/NTWN. W(S GA\R E)N *FAI/DRW| FHSI/, GELOI=O/N E)STI TO\N E)PEIGO/MENON TA\ A)/LLA GINW/SKEIN E(AUTO\N A)GNOEI=N. DEU/TERON O(/TI DEI= *SWKRATIKW=S TA\ *SWKRA/TOUS MANQA/NEIN, LE/GETAI DE\ O( *SWKRA/THS E)K TOU= <20"3GNW=QI SAU-TO\N"3>20 E)PI\ FILOSOFI/AN E)LQEI=N. A)/LLWS TE DEI= NOMI/ZEIN O(/TI PROPULAI/OIS E)/OIKEN OU(=TOS O( DIA/LOGOS, KAI\ W(/SPER E)KEI=NA TW=N A)DU/TWN PROHGOU=NTAI OU(/TW KAI\ TO\N *)ALKIBIA/DHN PROPULAI/OIS DEI= A)PEIKA/ZEIN, A)DU/TOIS DE\ TO\N *PARMENI/DHN. @*PERI\ DE\ TH=S EI)S TA\ KEFA/LAIA H)/TOI ME/RH DIAIRE/SEWS I)STE/ON O(/TI EI)S TRI/A DIAIREI=TAI O( DIA/LOGOS: E)LEGKTIKO/N, PROTREPTIKO/N, MAIEUTIKO/N. KAI\ E)N ME\N TW=| E)LEGKTIKW=| DEI/KNUSIN AU)TO\N DIPLH=| A)MAQH=, O(/TI TE A)GNOEI= TA\ POLITIKA\ KAI\ O(/TI NOMI/ZEI EI)DE/NAI. A)GNOEI= ME\N GA\R W(S MH/TE PARA\ DIDASKA/LOU MAQW\N MH/TE A)F' E(AUTOU= ZHTH/SAS. DIXW=S GA\R H( GNW=SIS PROSGI/NETAI, H)\ DIA\ MA-QH/SEWS TH=S DIA\ TW=N DIDASKA/LWN H)\ DIA\ ZHTH/SEWS H(MW=N AU)TW=N: KREI=TTON DE\ TO\ AU)TO\N ZHTH/SANTA GNW=NAI H)\ PAR' E(TE/ROU MAQO/NTA, O(/SON KAI\ TO\ AU)TOKI/NHTON TOU= E(TEROKINH/TOU, W(S *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)N *(RHTORIKAI=S TE/XNAIS @1 FHSI/N, KAI\ TO\ AU)TOFUE\S KREI=TTON TOU= E(TERODIDA/KTOU. DEI/KNUSIN OU)=N TO\N *)ALKIBIA/DHN, W(S EI)/RHTAI, MH/TE KAQ' E(/NA TRO/PON GNO/NTA TA\ POLITIKA/. OU)/TE GA\R DIDASKA/LOIS E)SXO/LASEN: MO/NON GA\R GRA/MMATA KAI\ MOUSIKH\N KAI\ PALAI/EIN E)/MAQEN, A)/LLWS TE OU)DE\ XRO/NOS FAI/NETAI E)N W(=| NOMI/SAS A)GNOEI=N PROSH=LQE DIDASKA/LW| [1PAI=S GA\R W)\N KOMIDH=| KAI\ NE/OS A)STRAGA-LI/ZWN E)/LEGEN PRO\S TOU\S A)/LLOUS E)POMNU/MENOS O(/TI "3A)DIKOU=MAI"3, W(S A)KRI-BW=S EI)DW\S TO\ DI/KAION]1: OU)/TE DE\ ZHTH/SAS FAI/NETAI. W(/STE E)K TOU/TWN A)GNOEI=, TI/ TE/LOS TOU= POLITIKOU=, O(/TI TO\ DI/KAION, O(/TI TO\ SUMFE/RON, E)/TI KAI\ TO\ KALO/N. TOU=TO ME\N TO\ E)LEGKTIKO/N. @*TO\ DE\ PROTREPTIKO/N E)STIN E)N W(=| PROTRE/PEI AU)TO\N SOFI/A| TOU\S A)NTIPA/-LOUS NIKH=SAI: PA/TRION GA\R *)AQHNAI/OIS SOFI/A| NIKA=N. E)XQROI\ DE\ TW=N *)AQH-NAI/WN *LAKEDAIMO/NIOI KAI\ *PE/RSAI, W(S DHLOU=SI TA\ *PELOPONNHSIAKA\ KAI\ TA\ *PERSIKA/. @*TO\ DE\ MAIEUTIKO/N E)STIN E)N W(=| O( *SWKRA/THS DIA\ TW=N PROSFUW=N E)RWTH/-SEWN POIEI= TO\N *)ALKIBIA/DHN A)POFH/NASQAI O(/TI YUXH\ O( A)/NQRWPOS, W(/STE AU)TO\N E(AUTOU= DIDA/SKALON EI)=NAI: DO/GMA GA/R E)STIN E)NTAU=QA, O(/TI O( A)POKRI-NO/MENO/S E)STIN O( LE/GWN. TOIOU=TOS GA\R O( *SWKRA/THS, TA\S YUXA\S MAIEUO/ME-NOS A)POTI/KTEIN TOU\S LO/GOUS: DIO\ KAI\ *FAINARE/THS LE/GOUSIN AU)TO\N UI(O/N, MAI/AS OU)/SHS, KAQA/PER O( *(ERMH=S. W(/SPER GA\R O( I)ATRO\S TA\S LH/MAS A)FAIREI= A)PO\ TW=N O)FQALMW=N MO/NON KAI\ TA\ E)MPO/DIA TH=S O)PTIKH=S E)NERGEI/AS, KAI\ W(/SPER AI( MAI=AI FWSFOROU=SI ME\N TA\ E)/MBRUA, OU)K E)NTIQE/ASI DE\ AU(=TAI TAU=TA TAI=S TIKTOU/SAIS, OU(/TW KAI\ O( *SWKRA/THS TA\S YUXA\S E)MAIEU/ETO, OU)X W(/SPER E)N A)YU/XOIS A)GGEI/OIS E)NTIQEI\S TOI=S NE/OIS TA\ QEWRH/MATA. FHSI\ DE\ KAI\ AU)TO\S E)N *QEAITH/TW| O(/TI <20"3O( *QEO\S MAIEU/ESQAI ME\N E)ME\ E)POI/HSEN, A)POGENNA=N DE\ KWLU/EI"3.>20 @*)EPI\ TE/LEI DE\ TOU= DIALO/GOU LOIPO\N METAMEI/BEI TO\ SXH=MA TH=S TU/XHS, KAI\ POIEI= E(AUTO\N ME\N E)RW/MENON, PRO/TERON E)RW=NTA, TO\N DE\ *)ALKIBIA/DHN E)RASTH/N, PRO/TERON E)RW/MENON O)/NTA. TOU=TO GA\R TE/LOS TH=S E)RWTIKH=S, O( A)NTE/RWS. E)RWTIKO\S DE\ O( *SWKRA/THS, W(S KAI\ E)N *FAI/DRW| PRO\S TO\N *)/ERWTA/ FHSIN: <20"3TH\N DE\ E)RWTIKH/N, H(/N MOI PARE/SXES, DE/SPOTA, MH/ ME A)FE/LH|S MHDE\ PHRW/SH|S DI' O)RGH/N TINA H)\ A)/LLHN AI)TI/AN."3>20 LE/GETAI DE\ KAI\ O( *)ALE/CANDROS I)DW\N STRA/TEUMA/ TI KATAPE-PTWKO\S [4W(S]4 EI)PEI=N "3KA/KISTA A)PO/LOITO O( TOIOU=TON PLH=QOS OU(/TW DIAQEI/S"3. E)PI\ TE/LEI DE\ TOI=S PELARGOI=S A)PEIKA/SAS TO\N E(AUTOU= E)/RWTA KATE/PAUSE TO\N LO/GON: E)PEIDH\ KAI\ OI( PELARGOI\ PRO/TERON U(PO\ TW=N GONE/WN TREFO/MENOI TELEUTAI=ON AU)TOU\S GHROTROFOU=SIN, EI)S TO\ E)NANTI/ON KATA\ TOU=TO MEQISTA/-MENOI. E)N TOU/TOIS H( PRA=CIS. @1 {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| G#}1 @$1*)=W PAI= *KLEINI/OU, OI)=MAI/ SE QAUMA/ZEIN O(/TI PRW=TOS E)RASTH/S SOU GENO/MENOS TW=N A)/LLWN PEPAUME/NWN MO/NOS OU)K A)PALLA/TTOMAI.$ @*)EPEIDH\ E)RWTIKO\S O( DIA/LOGOS, DIA\ TOU= PROOIMI/OU TREI=S DIAFORA\S H(MI=N PARADI/DWSIN E)NQE/OU E)RASTOU= PRO\S TO\N FORTIKO\N E)RASTH/N. PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI O( ME\N FORTIKO\S E)RASTH\S QAUMA/ZEI TA\ PAIDIKA/, O( DE\ E)/NQEOS E)RASTH\S QAUMA/ZETAI U(P' AU)TW=N: KAI\ TOU=TO DHLOI= DIA\ TOU= EI)PEI=N, <20"3W)= PAI= *KLEI-NI/OU, OI)=MAI/ SE QAUMA/ZEIN,"3>20 TOUTE/STIN "3E)ME/"3. DEU/TERON DE\ O(/TI O( ME\N FORTIKO\S E)RASTH\S W(/SPER O)PW/RA| TH=| H(LIKI/A| PARAMETRW=N TO\N E)/RWTA TAXE/WS TW=N PAIDIKW=N A)PALLA/TTETAI, O( DE\ E)/NQEOS E)RASTH\S E)K SPARGA/NWN ME/XRI TAFH=S SUMPAROMARTEI= TOI=S PAIDIKOI=S, EI) TA\ FUSIOGNWMONIKA\ SHMEI=A TO\ TEXQE\N A)CIE/RASTON U(PAGOREU/SEIAN: DHLOI= DE\ TAU/THN DIA\ TOU= <20"3PRW=TOS E)RASTH/S SOU GENO/MENOS TW=N A)/LLWN PEPAU-ME/NWN MO/NOS OU)K A)PALLA/TTOMAI"3,>20 SHMAI/NWN O(/TI KAI\ PRO\ AU)TW=N KAI\ MET' AU)TW=N KAI\ MET' AU)TOU\S A)KOLOUQEI= TOI=S PAIDIKOI=S. TRI/TH DE/ E)STI DIAFORA\ O(/TI O( ME\N E)/NQEOS E)RASTH\S QEOEIDW=S KAI\ A)PAROUSIA/STWS SU/NESTI TOI=S PAIDIKOI=S: KAQA/PER GA\R TO\ QEI=ON TH=| ME\N E)LLA/MYEI PAN-TAXOU= E)STI/, TH=| DE\ OU)SI/A| OU)DAMOU=, KAQO\ OU) PERIKLEI/ETAI E)N TO/PW|, OU(/TW KAI\ O( E)/NQEOS E)RASTH\S PA/RESTI TO\N AU)TO\N TRO/PON MIMOU/MENOS: O( DE\ FORTI-KO\S E)RASTH\S PA/RESTI TOI=S PAIDIKOI=S KATA\ TH\N AI)/SQHSIN BOULO/MENOS E)NERGEI=N TOU= SW/MATOS, KAI\ TAU/THN KATA\ TH\N E)SXA/THN, TOUTE/STI TH\N A(FH/N. KAI\ TOU=TO DEDH/LWKEN E)K TOU= LE/GEIN <20"3O(/TI OI( ME\N A)/LLOI DI' O)/XLOU SOI E)GE/NONTO, E)GW\ DE\ TOSOU/TWN E)TW=N OU)DE\ PROSEI=-PON"3,>20 DHLW=N O(/TI DIA\ ME\N TOU= SIWPA=N A)/PESTIN, DIA\ DE\ TOU= SUNAKOLOUQEI=N KAI\ E)RA=N PA/RESTIN. KAI\ AU(=TAI ME\N AI( DIAFORAI\ E)NTAU=QA: FHSI\ DE\ KAI\ TETA/RTHN DIAFORA\N E)N TW=| FAI/DRW| TOIAU/THN, O(/TI O( ME\N FORTIKO\S E)RASTH\S E)PI\ LU/MH| TW=N PAIDIKW=N AU)TOI=S PA/RESTIN KAI\ KATA\ SW=MA KAI\ KATA\ YUXH\N KAI\ KATA\ TA\ E)KTO/S. KATA\ ME\N SW=MA, O(/TI QHLUPREPH= KAI\ A)/NANDRON BOU/LE-TAI POIEI=N AU)TO/N: KATA\ DE\ YUXH/N, O(/TI A)NO/HTON AU)TO\N QE/LEI EI)=NAI PRO\S TO\ E)/XEIN AU)TO\N PEIQH/NION PRO\S O(\ BOU/LETAI: KATA\ DE\ TA\ E)KTO/S, O(/TI KAI\ PE/NHTA, I(/NA DEO/MENOS AU)TOU= E(/TOIMOS H(=| PRO\S TA\S H(DONA/S: E)/TI DE\ KAI\ A)PA/TORA KAI\ A)MH/TORA KAI\ A)/FILON BOU/LETAI AU)TO\N EI)=NAI, I(/NA MH\ E)/XH| TOU\S A)PEI/RGONTAS AU)TO\N TH=S PRO\S AU)TO\N SUNOUSI/AS. O( DE\ E)/NQEOS E)RASTH\S OU)X OU(/TWS, OU)DE\ E)PI\ TOIOU/TOIS A)LL' E)P' A)GAQW=| PA/RESTIN TOI=S PAIDIKOI=S, E)PISTRE/FWN AU)TA\ PRO\S TA\ KALA/. @*)EPEI\ TOI/NUN E)/GNWMEN TA\S DIAFORA\S TOU= E)NQE/OU E)RASTOU= PRO\S TO\N FORTIKO\N E)RASTH/N, ZHTHTE/ON DIA\ TI/, EI) TOSAU/THN E)/XOUSI PRO\S A)LLH/LOUS @1 DIAFORA\N KAI\ E)NANTIO/THTA, E(NI\ O)NO/MATI A)/MFW PROSAGOREU/ONTAI KAI\ OU) KAQA/PER TA\ E)NANTI/A, OI(=ON SWFROSU/NH KAI\ A)KOLASI/A. FAME\N OU)=N O(/TI DI' U(PERBOLH\N DUNA/MEWS O( E)/RWS KAI\ TA\ E)NANTI/A XRW=SAI E)DUNH/QH E(AUTW=|. PA=S GA\R E)/RWS SU/NTONO/S E)STI MANI/A, KAQO\ A)/MFW E)N KALW=| BOU/LONTAI GENNA=N, O( ME\N E)/NQEOS E)N YUXH=| MAQH/MATA, O( DE\ FORTIKO\S E)N SW/MATI ZW=|A. @*TOU= DE\ QEOEIDW=S PAREI=NAI KAI\ MH\ PROSEIPEI=N ME/XRI TOU= PARO/NTOS <20[2TO\ AI)/TION]2 OU)K A)NQRW/PEIO/N>20 FHSIN EI)=NAI, <20A)LLA/ TI DAIMO/NION E)NANTI/WMA,>20 KAI\ TOU=TO EI)KO/TWS. EI) GA\R TO\ AI)TIATO\N OU)K A)NQRW/PEION, TOUTE/STI TO\ QEOEIDW=S PAREI=NAI, PO/SW| MA=LLON TO\ AI)/TION TOU= PAREI=NAI OU) QEI=O/N E)STIN; @*)EPEIDH\ DE\ DAIMONI/OU E)MNH/SQH, A)NA/GKH GE/GONE TOI=S E)CHGHTAI=S TO\N PERI\ DAIMO/NWN LO/GON PERIERGA/SASQAI. I)STE/ON OU)=N O(/TI TREI=S EI)SI\ DIAFORAI\ DAIMO/NWN: TW=N GA\R DAIMO/NWN OI( ME\N KAT' A)NALOGI/AN, OI( DE\ KAT' OU)SI/AN, OI( DE\ KATA\ SXE/SIN. KAI\ GNW/MONES OI( KAT' OU)SI/AN TW=N TE KAT' A)NALOGI/AN KAI\ TW=N KATA\ SXE/SIN U(PA/RXOUSIN: OI( ME\N GA\R KREI/TTOUS TW=N KAT' OU)SI/AN LE/GONTAI KAT' A)NALOGI/AN, OI( DE\ XEI/ROUS KATA\ SXE/SIN. KAT' A)NALOGI/AN DE\ LE/GONTAI E)PEIDH\ PRW=TOI O)/NTES E)/XOUSI TOU\S LO/GOUS TW=N KAT' OU)SI/AN, TOUTE/STI KAT' AI)TI/AN AU)TOI=S U(PA/RXOUSI DAI/MONES, DEI= GA\R PRW=TON EI)=NAI TOU= KAQ' U(/PARCIN TO\ KAT' AI)TI/AN. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ OU(=TOI DAI/MONES LE/GONTAI DHLOI= KAI\ *)ISOKRA/THS O( R(H/TWR LE/GWN <20"3TI/MA TO\ DAIMO/NION, A)EI\ ME/N, MA/LISTA DE\ META\ TH=S PO/LEWS"3:>20 KAI\ *(/OMHROS <20"3META\ DAI/MO-NAS A)/LLOUS"3:>20 KAI\ *)ORFEU\S TO\N *DI/A POIEI= PRO\S TO\N OI)KEI=ON PATE/RA LE/GONTA: @<20"3O)/RQOU D' H(METE/RHN GENEH/N, A)RIDEI/KETE DAI/MWN"3.>20 E)PI\ GA\R TOU= QEI/OU E)N TOU/TOIS TO\ TOU= DAI/MONOS O)/NOMA TE/TAKTAI. KATA\ SXE/SIN DE\ LE/GONTAI DAI/MONES AI( YUXAI\ TW=N EU)= BEBIWKO/TWN, OI(=AI/ EI)SIN AI( TOU= XRUSOU= GE/NOUS, AI(/TINES SXETIKW=S E)/XOUSAI PRO\S TOU\S DAI/MONAS KAI\ AU(=TAI DAI/MONES PROSAGOREU/ONTAI, W(/S FHSI KAI\ *(HSI/ODOS PERI\ AU)TW=N: @<20"3OI( ME\N DAI/MONES A(GNOI\ E)PIXQO/NIOI KALE/ONTAI, @E)SQLOI/, A)LECI/KAKOI, FU/LAKES QNHTW=N A)NQRW/PWN."3>20 TRITTO\N OU)=N TO\ TOU= DAI/MONOS O)/NOMA, W(S EI)/RHTAI. @*ZHTHTE/ON DE\ DIA\ POI/AN AI)TI/AN EI)S E)/NNOIAN H)=LQON TOU= DAI/MONAS EI)PEI=N EI)=NAI. FAME\N OU)=N O(/TI W(/SPER H( H(METE/RA YUXH\ PHGA/ZOUSA TH=| ZWH=| KAI\ BLU/ZOUSA TAU/TH| KAI\ OU) DUNAME/NH XWRI\S EI)=NAI TOU= ZWOPOIEI=N [1KATA\ ME\N GA\R TA\S GNWSTIKA\S E)/STIN O(/TE OU)K E)NERGEI=, OI)=ON O(/TE LHQA/RGW| KATE/XETAI, @1 KATA\ DE\ TO\ ZWTIKO\N OU)DAMW=S]1, E)PEIDH\ TO\ O)STRE/I+NON SW=MA OU)K A)EI\ H)=N AU)TH=S E)CHMME/NON, E)PENOH/QH AU)TH=| TO\ W)|OEIDE\S H)/TOI AU)GOEIDE\S O)/XHMA [1A)MFOTE/RWS GA\R LE/GETAI: "3W)|OEIDE\S"3 ME\N DIA\ TO\ SXH=MA, OU) GA/R E)STI PA/NTH| SFAIRIKO\N W(S TA\ OU)RA/NIA A)LL' H(=TTON SFAIRIKO/N, DIO\ KAI\ DIASTRO-FH/N POTE/ FASIN AU)TO\ PA/SXEIN, OU) MH\N FQEI/RESQAI: TH=S GA\R AU)TH=S OU)SI/AS E)STI\N TW=N OU)RANI/WN, TOUTE/STI TOU= PE/MPTOU SW/MATOS, DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ A)I/+DION: "3AU)GOEIDE\S"3 DE\ LE/GETAI A)PO\ TH=S OU)SI/AS W(S DIAFANE\S KAI\ AI)QE/-RION]1: KAQA/PER OU)=N TH=| YUXH=| TO\ AU)GOEIDE\S TOU=TO A)PODEDW/KASIN O)/XHMA, I(/NA AU)TO\ A)EI\ ZWOPOIH=| E)CHMME/NON AU)TH=S DIA\ PANTO/S, OU(/TW KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N OU)RANI/WN, MH\ DUNAME/NWN PAU/SASQAI TOU= E)NERGEI=N, E)CH=YAN AU)TW=N TO\ DAIMO/NION GE/NOS TOU=TO TO\ KAT' OU)SI/AN: AI( GA\R H(ME/TERAI YUXAI\ OU)K A)EI\ H)=SAN AU)TW=N E)CHMME/NAI DIA\ TO\ PTERORRUEI=N KAI\ KATIE/NAI EI)S GE/NESIN. TOU=TO OU)=N DIERMHNEUTIKO/N E)STI TOI=S TH=|DE TW=N A)PO\ TW=N QEW=N W(S ME/SON O)/N. @*)ALL' E)PEIDH\ PA/NTA TA\ PROSO/NTA TOI=S OU)RANI/OIS DIERMHNEU/EI, E(\C TINW=N O)/NTWN E)N TOI=S OU)RANI/OIS, EI)S E(\C KAI\ AU)TO\ DIH/|RHTAI, LE/GW DH\ TO\ TW=N DAIMO/NWN GE/NOS TO\ KAT' OU)SI/AN. E)/STIN GA\R E)N TOI=S OU)RANI/OIS QEO/THS, NOU=S, YUXH\ LOGIKH/, YUXH\ A)/LOGOS, EI)=DOS, U(/LH: TOSAU=TAI OU)=N KAI\ TW=N DAIMO/NWN DIAFORAI/. OI( ME\N GA\R PRO\S TO\ QEI=ON TW=N OU)RANI/WN SUNDE/ONTES H(MA=S LE/GONTAI QEI=OI, OI(/TINES TOI=S E)NQOUSIASMOI=S E)FESTH/KASIN. OI( DE\ TW=| NW=| SUNA/PTONTES H(MA=S NOEROI/, OI(/TINES E)PI\ TW=N KOINW=N E)NNOIW=N EI)SI/, DI' W(=N U(PE\R A)PO/DEICIN E)N TAI=S KOINAI=S E)NNOI/AIS TINA\ GINW/SKOMEN KAI\ A)NAPO-DEI/KTWS. OI( DE\ TH=| LOGIKH=| YUXH=| YUXIKOI\ LE/GONTAI, PERI\ W(=N FHSI\N O( POIHTH\S @<20"3A)/LLA DE\ KAI\ DAI/MWN U(POQH/SETAI"3>20 KAI\ @<20"3FA=ROS ME/N MOI PRW=TA E)NE/PNEUSEN ME/GA DAI/MWN"3.>20 OI( DE\ PRO\S TH\N TW=N OU)RANI/WN A)/LOGON SUNA/PTONTES H(MA=S A)/LOGOI. OI( DE\ PRO\S TO\ TW=N OU)RANI/WN EI)=DOS EI)DIKOI\ H)\ EI)DHTIKOI/. O(/TI GA\R SUNH=PTAI TOI=S TW=N OU)RANI/WN EI)/DESIN TA\ H(ME/TERA EI)/DH, DH=LON E)K TOU= SUNAU/CESQAI AU)TA\ KAI\ SUMMEIOU=SQAI TOI=S OU)RANI/OIS, KAI\ GA\R KAI\ OI( XUMOI\ PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN @1 KAI\ AU)/CONTAI KAI\ MEIOU=NTAI KAI\ AI( TRI/XES, DIO\ TOU\S I(ERATIKW=S ZW=NTA/S E)STIN I)DEI=N MH\ A)POKEIROME/NOUS AU)COU/SHS TH=S SELH/NHS: DHLOI= DE\ KAI\ TO\ SELHNIAKO\N PA/QOS, E)/TI DE\ KAI\ TA\ H(LIOTRO/PIA FUTA\ KAI\ OI( SELHNI=TAI LI/QOI SUNAU/CONTES KAI\ SUMMEIOU/MENOI PRO\S TH\N SELH/NHN: O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ TA\ O)/STREA, KAI\ SXEDO\N A(/PANTA, DIO\ KALW=S EI)/RHTAI: <20"3AU)/CEIS AU)COME/NH, MINU/QOUSA DE\ PA/NTA XALE/PTEIS"3>20 EI)S SELH/NHN. A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ U(LW=|OI LE/GONTAI, OI( TH/NDE TH\N U(/LHN E)CA/PTONTES TH=S TW=N OU)RANI/WN KAI\ DIA\ TOU/TOU FROUROU=NTES AU)TH\N KAI\ MH\ SUGXWROU=N-TES R(EUSTH\N OU)=SAN PA/NTH| FQEI/RESQAI. FHSI\ GA\R KAI\ O( *)ORFEU/S: @<20"3U(/LHS OU)RANI/HS KAI\ A)STERI/HS KAI\ A)BU/SSOU"3,>20 W(S TH=S U(/LHS TRITTH=S OU)/SHS, KAI\ TH=S ME\N OU)RANI/AS, H(/TIS TAI=S E(PTA\ SFAI/-RAIS U(PO/KEITAI, TH=S DE\ A)STRW/|AS, H(/TIS TOI=S A)/STROIS, TH=S DE\ XQONI/AS, <20H(\N A)/BUSSON>20 E)KA/LESEN DIA\ TO\ E)SXA/THN EI)=NAI KAI\ R(EUSTH/N. @*)EPEIDH\ DE\ PRW=TON EI)=DOS E)N TOI=S OU)RANI/OIS E)/FAMEN EI)=NAI TO\ QEI=ON, I)STE/ON O(/TI TW=N QEW=N OI( ME\N U(PERKO/SMIOI, W(=N AI( H(ME/TERAI YUXAI/ EI)SIN E)CHMME/NAI KAI\ OU)DE/ TI SW=MA: OI( DE\ E)GKO/SMIOI, W(=N TA\ SW/MATA MO/NON E)CH=PTAI. TW=N DE\ E)GKOSMI/WN OI( ME/N EI)SIN OU)RA/NIOI, OI( DE\ AI)QE/RIOI H)/TOI PU/RIOI, OI( DE\ A)E/RIOI, OI( DE\ E)NU/DRIOI, OI( DE\ XQO/NIOI, OI( DE\ U(POTARTA/RIOI, W(S KAI\ O( POIHTH/S: @<20"3TOU/S Q' U(POTARTARI/OUS KALE/OUSIN."3>20 TW=N DE\ XQONI/WN OI( ME/N EI)SI KLIMATA/RXAI, OI( DE\ POLIOU=XOI, OI( DE\ KATOI-KI/DIOI. @*ZHTHTE/ON DE\ POI/OUS TW=N EI)RHME/NWN E(\C TW=N KAT' OU)SI/AN <20EI)LHXO/TAS>20 E(KA/STOU FASI/N. LE/GOUSI OU)=N O(/TI OI( ME\N KAT' OU)SI/AN E(AUTW=N BIOU=NTES KAI\ W(S PEFU/KASI TO\N QEI=ON DAI/MONA E)/XOUSIN EI)LHXO/TA, DIO\ KAI\ EU)DOKIMOU=NTA/S E)STIN AU)TOU\S O(RA=N E)N OI(=S E)PITHDEU/OUSI. KAT' OU)SI/AN DE/ E)STI ZH=N TO\ PRO/S-FORON AI(REI=SQAI BI/ON TH=| SEIRA=| U(F' H(\N A)NA/GETAI: OI)=ON STRATIWTIKO\N ME/N, E)A\N U(PO\ TH\N *)AREI+KH/N, LOGIKO\N DE/, E)A\N U(PO\ TH\N *(ERMAI+KH/N, I)ATRIKO\N DE\ H)\ MANTEUTIKO/N, E)A\N U(PO\ TH\N *)APOLLWNIAKH/N, KAI\ A(PLW=S W(S EI)/RHTAI TO\ KAQW\S PE/FUKE/ TI BIOU=N. EI) DE\ MH\ TO\N KAT' OU)SI/AN TIS BI/ON PROBA/LHTAI @1 A)LL' E(/TERO/N TINA PARA\ TOU=TON KAI\ A)LLOTRIOPRAGH=| TOI=S E)PITHDEU/MASIN, TO\N NOERO\N AU)TW=| LE/GOUSIN U(PA/RXEIN EI)LHXO/TA, DIO\ KAI\ W(S A)LLOTRIOPRA-GW=N E)N E)NI/OIS A)POTUGXA/NEI. A)LLA\ TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ TOU= E(KA/STOU EI)LHXO/TOS DAI/MONOS. @*PERI\ DE\ TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS EI)LHXO/TOS DAI/MONOS TRI/A TINA/ FASIN U(PA/RXEIN E)CAI/RETA. PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI A)EI\ AU)TO\N A)PE/TREPEN, KAI\ SU/MBOLON H)=N PROTROPH=S TO\ POTE\ MH\ A)POTRE/PEIN. EU)ERGETIKO\S GA\R W)\N O( *SWKRA/THS KAI\ A)EI\ SPOUDA/ZWN PA/NTAS W)FELEI=N DI/KHN O)CE/WS I(/PPOU PRO\S DRO/MON E)PEI-GOME/NOU XALINOU= KAI\ OU) MA/STIGOS E)DE/ETO. 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E)/DEI GA\R AU)TO\N PRO\ TW=N A)MIGW=N E)LE/GXWN KAI\ A)POKEKALUMME/NWN TOU\S SUMMIGEI=S A)PODOU=NAI, PRO\S TO\ MH\ A)NASOBH=SAI TH\N QH/RAN, A)LL' W(/SPER OI( DECIOI\ TW=N I)CEUTW=N A)YOFHTI\ TH=| QH/RA| PROSELQEI=N. A)/LLWS TE KAI\ PRO\S TOU= *SWKRATIKOU= H)/QOUS TO\ TOIOU=TON: W(S GA\R EI)/RHTAI POLLA/KIS, E)OI/KASIN AI( *SWKRATIKAI\ PARAINE/SEIS KAQARSI/OIS ME/LITI DEDEUME/NOIS KAI\ OU)X W(/SPER AI( TW=N A)/LLWN I)ATRIKAI=S TOMAI=S KAI\ KAU/SESIN. E)/TI DE\ O(/TI KAI\ FUSIKA\S A)RETA\S E)N TOI=S E)PAI/NOIS KATARIQMEI=TAI, AU(=TAI DE\ KAI\ E)PAINETAI/ EI)SI KAI\ YEKTAI/: YEKTAI\ ME\N W(S E)K FU/SEWS KAI\ OU)K A)SKH/SEWS PROSGINO/MENAI KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO POLLA/KIS KAI\ A)NDRAPO/DOIS PROSOU=SAI, DIO\ KAI\ <20A)NDRAPODW/-DEIS>20 TA\S TOIAU/TAS A)RETA\S O( *PLA/TWN E)KA/LESEN: E)PAINETAI\ DE/ EI)SI KAQO\ A)RETAI\ KAI\ AU(=TAI LE/GONTAI, PA=SA GA\R A)RETH\ E)PAINETH/. O(/TI DE\ SUMMIGEI=S TOI=S E)PAI/NOIS OI( E)/LEGXOI PARADI/DONTAI, DH=LON E)NTEU=QEN. 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FHSI\ DE\ KAI\ E)N TW=| *PERI\ E(RMHNEI/AS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS: <20"3KAI\ TOSAU=TA ME\N LE/GETAI PRO\S TA\S SOFISTIKA\S E)NOXLH/-SEIS"3,>20 A)NTI\ TOU= "3A)PORI/AS"3: E)K METAFORA=S TOU= O)/XLOU KAI\ AU)TO\S O)/XLHSIN EI)=PEN TH\N A)PORI/AN. <20"3E)NOXLEI=S"3>20 OU)=N "3A)POREI=N POIEI=S"3. TAU=TA ME\N O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS. @*)EPI\ TOU/TOIS DE\ O( *SWKRA/THS TO\N KORUFAI=ON MIMOU/MENOS FILO/SOFON E)LAXI/STWN LO/GWN DEO/MENON DIA\ TO\ E)C A)NUPOQE/TWN POIEI=SQAI TA\S A)RXA/S, A)PO\ GA\R TW=N KOINW=N E)NNOIW=N, AI(/TINES W(MOLO/GHNTAI_AI( GA\R A)/LLAI TE/XNAI W(S E)C U(POQE/SEWS E)/XOUSAI TA\S A)RXA\S POLLW=N DE/ONTAI KATA- @1SKEUW=N: OI)=ON H( I)ATRIKH\ E)C U(POQE/SEWS A)/RXETAI O(/TI E)K TW=N D# STOIXEI/WN TA\ A)NQRW/PINA SW/MATA: TOU=TO DE/, PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI D#, EI)=TA O(/TI E)K TOU/TWN EI)SI\ TA\ SW/MATA H(MW=N, TOU= PRW/TOU FILOSO/FOU E)STI\ DEI=CAI: _MIMOU/-MENOS OU)=N O( *SWKRA/THS TO\N KORUFAI=ON FILO/SOFON, W(S EI)/RHTAI, TO\N E)C A)NUPOQE/TWN POIOU/MENON TA\S A)RXA/S, O)LI/GA AI)TEI= PARA\ TOU= *)ALKIBIA/DOU, KAI\ TAU=TA EU)TELH=: PRW=TON ME\N A)KROA/SASQAI TW=N AU)TOU= R(HMA/TWN, E)/PEITA A)POKRI/NASQAI PRO\S TA\ E)RWTW/MENA. EI)=TA KATANEU/SANTOS TOU= NE/OU POIH/SEIN TAU=TA FHSI\N O( *SWKRA/THS O(/TI "3E)A\N OU(/TW POIH=|S, DU/NAMAI/ SOI DU/NAMIN PERIPOIH=SAI H(\N OI( A)/LLOI E)RASTAI\ OU)K H)DUNH/QHSAN"3. @*META\ TAU=TA DE\ DE/ON E)PAGAGEI=N TH\N G# AI)TI/AN DI' H(\N AU)TOU= E)RA=|, W(S E)RWTIKO\S E)KKA/EI TO\N E)/RWTA KAI\ A)NABA/LLETAI PRO\S TOU=TO, I(/NA PLE/ON E)/XOI TO\N NE/ON PROSE/XONTA TOI=S PAR' AU)TOU=. STOIXEI=A DE\ KAI\ TEKMH/RIA E)NQE/OU E)RASTOU= LE/GEI DU/O TAU=TA, O(/TI DEI= TO\N E)/NQEON E)RASTH\N KAI\ KRI/SIN E)/XEIN KAI\ SUMPA/QEIAN. EI) GA\R QA/TERON TOU/TWN MH\ E)/XOI, OU)K E)/STAI TOIOU=TOS: EI)/TE GA\R KRI/SIN E)/XOI, SUMPA/QEIAN DE\ OU)/, E)PISTH/MWN E)/STAI KAI\ OU) SPOUDAI=OS E)RASTH/S, EI)/TE TO\ A)NA/PALIN SUMPA/QEIAN ME\N E)/XOI, KRI/SIN DE\ OU)/, FORTIKO/S E)STI MO/NON E)RASTH/S: W(/STE DEI= A)/MFW PAREI=NAI. 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KATA\ TRI/THN AI)TI/AN, O(/TI E)RWTIKO\S W)\N O( *SWKRA/THS [4KAI\]4 KATA\ ME\N TH\N SUMPA/QEIAN E(NW=SAI E(AUTO\N BOU/LETAI TOI=S PAIDIKOI=S, KAI\ TO\ QEI=ON DE\ E(NA/S E)STIN U(PEROU/SIOS: KATA\ DE\ TH\N KRI/SIN TELEIW=SAI BOU/LETAI TA\ PAIDIKA/, TELEIWTIKO\N DE\ KAI\ TO\ QEI=ON. E(AUTO\N DE\ E)POI/HSEN A)POKRINO/MENON U(PE\R TOU= *)ALKIBIA/DOU, E)PEIDH\ POLU\ H)=N TO\ ME/SON QEOU= KAI\ *)ALKIBIA/DOU, KAI\ E)/MELLEN KENO\N EI)=NAI TO\ ME/SON, EI) MH\ OU(/TWS E(AUTO\N E)/TACEN O( *SWKRA/THS. @*)/IDWMEN DE\ LOIPO/N, TI/NA DO/GMATA A)NAKU/PTEI E)K TW=N E)RWTH/SEWN TOU= QEOU=: PROEI/RHNTAI GA\R AI( E)RWTH/SEIS AU)TAI\ KAI\ AI( A)POKRI/SEIS. 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PE/MPTON, O(/TI KAI\ A)NO/MOIA TA\ PARADEI/GMATA PARH/NEGKEN, *KU=RON KAI\ *CE/RCHN: O( ME\N GA\R *KU=ROS DIA\ TO\ PROSHNE\S TOU= H)/QOUS KAI\ TO\ PRO\S TOU\S A)RXOME/NOUS E)PIEIKE\S <20PATH\R>20 W)NOMA/ZETO, O( DE\ *CE/RCHS DIA\ TO\ LI/AN O)RGI/LON KAI\ KATHNAGKASME/NON <20DESPO/THS>20 [1OU(=TOS GA\R OU) MO/NON KATA\ A)NQRW/PWN, A)LLA\ KAI\ KATA\ TH=S FU/SEWS AU)TH=S KAI\ TW=N STOIXEI/WN E)PH/|RETO, KAI\ W(/S FHSIN O( *)ARISTEI/DHS O(/TI <20"3QA/LATTAN ME\N E)PE/ZEUSE ZEU/CAS TO\N *(ELLH/SPONTON, GH=N DE\ E)/PLEUSE DIORU/CAS TO\N *)/AQW, TO\N DE\ H(/LION E)KA/LUPTEN O(/TE"3,>20 FHSI/N, <20"3TOCEU/EIN KELEU/OI"3]1,>20 ME/SOS DE\ TOU/-TWN H)=N O( *DAREI=OS, O(\S <20KA/PHLOS>20 E)KLH/QH DIA\ TO\ FILOXRH/MATON. AU)TO\S GA\R E)/TACE TOI=S *PE/RSAIS TOU\S FO/ROUS, W(/S FHSIN O( *(HRO/DOTOS: O(\S KAI\ NO/MOU O)/NTOS E)N *PE/RSAIS TOU\S PAI=DAS DIADE/XESQAI TA\S BASILEI/AS AU)TO\S DIA\ XREMETISMOU= TOU= I(/PPOU E)KTH/SATO TH\N A)RXH/N. 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I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI A)F' E(STI/AS A)/RXETAI TH=S A(MI/LLHS KAI\ TW=N OI)KEI/WN, EI)PW\N <20"3W(S OU)/TE *PERIKLH=S"3.>20 @$1*)EA\N DE\ E)NQA/DE ME/GISTOS H)=|S, KAI\ E)N TOI=S A)/LLOIS *(/ELLHSIN, KAI\ OU) MO/NON E)N *(/ELLHSIN%10$ KLIMAKHDO\N O( LO/GOS AU)TW=| PRO/EISIN: E)PA/GEI GA\R O(/TI <20"3OU) MO/NON E)N *(/ELLHSIN,>20 A)LLA\ KAI\ E)N TH=| *EU)RW/PH| KAI\ TOI=S BARBA/ROIS KAI\ A(PLW=S A(PA/SH| TH=| GH=| E)PIQUMEI=S EU)DOKIMEI=N"3, KAI\ <20MHDE/NA H(GEI=SQAI LO/GOU A)/CION PLH\N *KU/ROU KAI\ *CE/R-COU.>20 E)GW\ DE/ FHMI O(/TI OU)/TE E)NTAU=QA E)LQW\N STH/SETAI TH=S FILOTIMI/AS, A)LL' E)/TI MEIZO/NWN E)PIQUMH/SEI, KAI\ KATA\ TO\ KWMIKO/N: @<20"3KA)\N TAU=TA A)NU/SH|, TETTARA/KONTA BOU/LETAI"3.>20 W(S GA\R EI)/RHTAI, PA/NTES A)/NQRWPOI OU)K AU)TW=N TW=N PAQW=N O)RE/GONTAI [1A)/PEIRA GA\R TAU=TA]1, A)LL' E(TE/RWN TINW=N E)/XONTES E)/NNOIAN KAI\ OU) DUNA/MENOI TOU/TWN TUXEI=N E)FI/ENTAI TW=N PLEIO/NWN. ZHTHTE/ON DE\ DIA\ TI/ TO\ FILO/TIMON PA/QOS PLE/ON PA/NTWN E)STI\ DUSE/KNIPTON: OU(/TW GA/R E)STIN, O(/TI KAI\ OI( MH\ BOULO/MENOI FILO/TIMOI EI)=NAI DIA\ FILOTIMI/AN POIOU=SIN AU)TO/, W(/STE DOKEI=N O(/TI OU)/K EI)SI FILO/TIMOI. FAME\N OU)=N O(/TI DIA\ TOU=TO DUSAPO/-LUTON PA/QOS TO\ FILO/TIMON, O(/TI MA=LLON TW=N A)/LLWN PLHSIA/ZEI TW=| LO/GW| KAI\ SUGGENE/S E)STI TOU/TW|: O( DE\ LO/GOS A)NAPO/BLHTO/S E)STIN H(MW=N: OU)KOU=N KAI\ TA\ PLHSIA/ZONTA AU)TW=| DUSAPO/BLHTA. H)\ DI' E(TE/RAN: O(/TI KATIOU=SA H( YUXH\ E)NTAU=QA KAI\ FEU/GOUSA TO\ DOULEU/EIN TOI=S KREI/TTOSIN, E)PIQUMOU=SA DE\ TOU= A)/RXEIN TW=N XEIRO/NWN, PRW=TON TW=N PAQW=N E)NDU/ETAI TO\ FILO/TIMON: E)N TH=| OU)=N A)POBOLH=| TOU/TWN TELEUTAI=ON AU)TO\ A)PODU/ETAI E)C A)NA/GKHS. O(/TE KAI\ E)/STIN LE/GEIN E)P' AU)TH=|: @<20"3AU)TA\R O( GUMNW/QH R(AKE/WN"3.>20 I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI TO\ FILO/TIMON PA/QOS E)N TAI=S ZWTIKAI=S [4H(]4 H(MW=N DUNA/MESIN @1 E)STI\N DUSAPO/BLHTON, H( DE\ FANTASI/A E)N TAI=S GNWSTIKAI=S: PA/RESTI GA\R A)EI\ TH=| H(METE/RA| YUXH=| H( FANTASI/A, TU/POUS A)NAPLA/TTOUSA W(=N A)GNOEI= H( YUXH\ KAI\ TOI=S A)SWMA/TOIS SXH/MATA KAI\ MEGE/QH KAI\ SW/MATA PERITIQEI=SA KAI\ TO/PW| PERIORI/ZOUSA TO\N QEO/N. @$1*(O AU)TO\S QEO/S%10$ KALW=S E)PI\ ME\N TOU= QEOU= TO\ <20"3AU)TO\S"3>20 E)/TACEN, E(NA\S GA\R O( QEO\S KAI\ E(NOEIDH/S: E)PI\ DE\ TW=N PRAGMA/TWN W(=N O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS E)FI/ETAI PLHQUNTIKW=S EI)=PEN, POLLA\ GA\R TA\ META\ TO\ QEI=ON KAI\ TH\N MONA/DA TA\ E)C AU)TH=S PARAGO/MENA, W(=N PA/NTES E)FIE/MEQA. O(/TI GA\R PLHQUNTIKW=S E)PI\ TOU/TWN EI)=PEN, DH=LON KA)K TOU= E)PAGAGEI=N, <20"3E)PIQE/SQAI TOI=S E)KEI= PRA/GMASIN"3>20. 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FHSI\N OU)=N O(/TI "3DIA\ TOU=TO OU)K A)PALLA/TTOMAI, E)PEIDH\ MO/NOS DU/NAMAI PERIPOIH=SAI/ SOI DU/-NAMIN, H(\N OI( A)/LLOI E)RASTAI\ PA/NTES OU)K H)DUNH/QHSAN"3. @*KAI\ A)POROU=MEN, PRW=TON ME\N PW=S O( *SWKRA/THS E)NTAU=QA MEGALORRH-MONEI=, O( PANTAXOU= EI)/RWN, PERI\ OU(= EI)/RHTAI, <20"3AU(/TH DE/ SOI H( EI)W-QUI=A EI)RWNEI/A, W)= *SW/KRATES"3:>20 O( LE/GWN A)EI\ MHDE\N EI)DE/NAI, MHDE/NA DIDA/SKEIN, DIO\ KAI\ O( QEO\S O( E)N *DELFOI=S E)/FH PERI\ AU)TOU= O(/TI @1 @<20"3A)NDRW=N A(PA/NTWN *SWKRA/THS SOFW/TATOS"3:>20 O(/TI OU) PLHGH=| MO/NON A)E/ROS TAU=TA E)/LEGEN KAI\ FWNH=|, A)LLA\ ZWTIKW=S KAI\ E)NQE/WS. ZHTHTE/ON OU)=N PW=S TOIOU=TOS W)\N E)NTAU=QA TOIAU=TA FRONEI=, MO/NOS E)PAGGELLO/MENOS DU/NASQAI PERIPOIEI=N TW=| NE/W| DU/NAMIN. H)\ LE/GOMEN O(/TI PRW=TON ME\N E)N KAIRW=| MEGALORRHMONEI= O( FILO/SOFOS: DE/OS GA\R H)=N MH/, KAQA/PER TW=N A)/LLWN E)RASTW=N KATEFRO/NHSEN O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS, OU(/TWS KAI\ AU)TOU=. OI)=DEN OU)=N O( *SWKRA/THS E)N KAIRW=| MEGALORRHMONEI=N. KAI\ GA\R POLLAXOU= TOU=TO PEPOI/HKEN: OI)=ON E)N *QEAITH/TW| KRITH\N TA/CAS E(AUTO\N TW=N <20GONI/MWN>20 KAI\ <20A)NEMIAI/WN>20 LO/GWN FHSI\N O(/TI <20"3QEO\S GA\R DU/SNOUS OU)DEI\S A)NQRW/PW| OU)DE\ E)GW\ DUSNOI/A| TOU=TO DRW=, A)LLA/ MOI YEU=DO/S TE SUGXWRH=SAI KAI\ A)LHQE\S A)FANI/SAI OU)DAMW=S QEMITO/N"3.>20 I)DOU\ GA\R E)NTAU=QA TW=| QEW=| SUNE/TACEN E(AUTO\N EI)PW\N <20"3QEO\S GA\R DU/SNOUS OU)DEI\S A)NQRW/-PW| OU)DE\ E)GW\ DUSNOI/A| OU)DEMIA=| TOU=TO DRW="3.>20 KAI\ PA/LIN E)N TH=| *)APOLOGI/A| MEGALORRHMONEI= LE/GWN, <20"3KREI/SSONI DE\ A)NDRI\ OU) QEMITO\N U(PO\ XEI/RONOS A)/RXESQAI"3:>20 KAI\ AU)=QIS E)KEI= O(/TI <20"3*)/ANUTOS KAI\ *ME/LITOS A)POKTEI=NAI ME/N ME DU/NANTAI, BLA/YAI DE\ OU)DAMW=S"3,>20 TOU= ME\N PROTE/ROU <20"3ME"3>20 KOINO/TERON E)PI\ TOU= SUNAMFOTE/ROU EI)RHME/NOU, TOU= DE\ DEUTE/ROU KURI/WS E)PI\ TH=S YUXH=S MO/NHS. KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N MI/A LU/SIS, O(/TI E)N KAIRW=| OI)=DE MEGALORRHMONEI=N: DEUTE/RA DE/, O(/TI OU)/TE MEGALORRHMONEI=, FAU/LWN KAI\ A)GELAI/WN A)NDRW=N PROKRI/NWN E(AUTO/N. OU)DE\ GA\R ME/GA EI) A(/PER EU)TELEI=S OU)K H)DUNH/QHSAN POIH=SAI, TAU=TA PRA/CEI O( FILO/SOFOS. TRI/TON O(/TI, E)A/N TIS A)KRIBW=S E)NNOH/SH| TA\ R(HQE/NTA, OU)/TE FAI/NETAI MEGALORRHMONW=N O( *SWKRA/THS. FHSI\N GA\R O(/TI <20"3META\ TOU= QEOU= ME/NTOI"3>20 KAI\ <20"3A)/NEU E)MOU= TW=N DIANOH-MA/TWN TE/LOS E)PITEQH=NAI A)DU/NATON"3.>20 TO\ DE\ <20"3A)/NEU"3>20 U(LIKO/N E)STI PRO/SRHMA KAI\ U(/LH| PRE/PON, E)PEIDH\ A)/NEU TH=S U(/LHS OU)DE/N E)STIN E)PI-NOH=SAI E)NTAU=QA O)/N. @*DEU/TERON A)POROU=MEN, DIA\ TI/ TOIAU/TAIS E)LPI/SIN U(POTU/FESQAI POIEI= TO\N NE/ON O( *SWKRA/THS, DU/NAMIN E)PAGGELLO/MENOS AU)TW=| PERIPOIH/SEIN. 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KAI\ OU) SUNTI/QETAI ME/N, E)PEIDH\ NO/MOS H)=N O( KELEU/WN MH\ EI)=NAI SPOUDARXI/DHN E)N DHMOKRATI/A| KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN E)DEDOI/KEI: OU)K A)RNEI=TAI DE/, E)PEIDH\ H)BOU/LETO, POLITIKO\S E)PIQUMW=N GI/NESQAI, A)KOU=SAI PARA\ TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS KATA\ POI/OUS LO/GOUS TOIOU=TOS GENH/SETAI KAI\ TOU= DH/MOU PROSTH/SETAI. FHSI\N OU)=N O(/TI "3EI) KAI\ W(/SPER LE/GEIS TAU=TA FRONW=, PW=S TAU=TA/ MOI PERIPOIH/SEIS;"3 @$1*PW=S DIA\ SOU= MOI E)/STAI;$ E)NTAU=QA GENO/MENOS O( FILO/SOFOS *)IA/MBLIXOS H)PO/RHSEN O(/TI FAI/NETAI O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS TELEIO/TEROS W)\N TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS. 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KAI\ AU(/TH ME\N H( DIAI/RESIS DI' H(=S PA/LIN O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS E)LE/GXETAI MH\ W)\N A)GAQO\S SU/MBOULOS KATA\ GNW=SIN. @*TRI/A DE\ TAU=TA E)PAIDEU/ONTO E)N *)AQH/NHSI, GRA/MMATA, KIQARI/ZEIN, PALAI/EIN, DIA\ TO\ E)PIKOSMEI=N, W(S E)N A)RXH=| PROEI/RHTAI, TH\N TRIME/REIAN TH=S YUXH=S: DIA\ ME\N TW=N GRAMMA/TWN TO\N LO/GON, DIA\ DE\ TH=S KIQA/RAS TO\N QUMO\N TIQASEU/ONTES, DIA\ DE\ TOU= PALAI/EIN R(WNNU/NTES TH\N E)PIQUMI/AN KAI\ A)MA/LQAKTON AU)TH\N POIOU=NTES. E)PA/GEI DE\ O(/TI <20"3AU)LEI=N DE/ GE OU)K H)/QELES"3.>20 DIA\ POLLA\S DE\ AI)TI/AS OU)K E)PETH/DEUON TO\N AU)LO/N: PRW=TON ME\N O(/TI E)KSTATIKO\S OU(=TOS KAI\ MA=LLON E)NQOUSIASTIKO\S KAI\ OU) PAIDEUTI-KO/S. E)N ME\N GA\R TW=| KIQARI/ZEIN DUNATO\N KAI\ LO/GW| XRH=SQAI, E)N DE\ TW=| AU)LEI=N OU)DAMW=S: OU) MO/NON DE\ AU)TO\S OU) DU/NATAI LO/GW| XRH=SQAI H)\ A)/|DEIN, A)LL' OU)DE\ A)/LLOU A)/|DONTOS A)KOU/EIN, QORUBW/DHS GA\R OU(=TOS: DIO\ "3KIQARW|-DI/A"3 ME\N EI)/RHTAI, "3AU)LW|DI/A"3 DE\ OU)/. 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KAI\ AU)TO\S DE\ O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS PERI\ TW=N *QHBAI/WN E)/FH: <20"3AU)LEI/TWSAN *QHBAI/WN PAI=DES, DIALE/GESQAI GA\R OU)K I)/SASIN"3.>20 E)N OI(=S @1 H( QEWRI/A. @$1*FE/RE DH/: DIANOH=| GA/R, W(S E)GW/ FHMI%10$ ZHTHTE/ON DIA\ TI/ A)PO\ TH=S GNW/-SEWS MO/NHS E)LE/GXEI TO\N NE/ON O( *SWKRA/THS, OU)XI\ DE\ KAI\ A)PO\ TW=N A)/LLWN. H)/ FAMEN O(/TI A)PO\ TH=S A)PAGGELTIKH=S DUNA/MEWS OU)K H)DU/NATO: H)/|DEI GA\R AU)TO\N TAU/THN E)/XONTA DIA\ *PERIKLE/OUS, W(=| SUNDIE/TRIYE PRO/TERON: E)K TOU/TOU OU)=N R(HTORIKO\S H)=N TH\N FU/SIN. A)LL' OU)DE\ A)PO\ TH=S PROAIRE/SEWS: KAI\ GA\R A)GAQO\S H)=N E)K TOU= A)NA/LWTOS EI)=NAI TW=| FILOXRHMA/TW| PA/QEI KAI\ MEGA-LOFRONEI=N E)PI\ TOI=S U(PA/RXOUSIN KAI\ U(PERFRONEI=N TW=N A)/LLWN E)RASTW=N. @$1*EI) OU)=N ME/LLONTO/S SOU I)E/NAI E)PI\ TO\ BH=MA%10$ W(S PRO\S R(HTORIKO\N DIA-LEGO/MENOS PANTAXOU= PROSFO/ROIS O)NO/MASI KE/XRHTAI, W(/SPER KAI\ NU=N. A)KROATA\S GA\R AU)TW=| KAI\ QE/ATRON A)PODI/DWSIN, TI/QHSI DE\ KAI\ BH=MA KA)KEI=NON A)/|TTONTA PRO\S TOU=TO, E(AUTO\N DE\ XALINO\N E)PITI/QHSIN, I(/NA TA\ TOU= NE/OU PA/QH XALINAGWGH/SH| KAI\ TH\N PRO\S TO\ SUMBOULEU/EIN O(RMH/N: FHSI\ GOU=N, <20"3LABO/MENOS E)ROI/MHN"3.>20 @$1*)=AR' E)PEIDH\ PERI\ W(=N SU\ E)PI/STASAI BE/LTION H)\ OU(=TOI;$ I)DOU\ PRW/TH PRO/TASIS, O(/TI "3O( A)GAQO\S SU/MBOULOS MA=LLON OI)=DE PERI\ W(=N ME/LLEI SUM-BOULEU/EIN H)/PER OI(=S SUMBOULEU/EI: OU)/TE GA\R E)P' E)/LATTON, MANIKO\N GA/R: OU)/T' E)P' I)/SHS, KAI\ GA\R MA/TAION"3. @$1*OU)KOU=N TAU=TA MO/NON OI)=SQA A(\ PAR' A)/LLWN E)/MAQES H)\ AU)TO\S E)CEU=RES;$ H( DEUTE/RA PRO/TASIS, O(/TI "3O( MA=LLON EI)DW\S H)\ E)/MAQEN H)\ E)CEU=REN"3: DITTH\ GA\R H( GNW=SIS, W(S MEMAQH/KAMEN. @$1*TI/ DE/; H)QE/LHSAS A)\N ZHTH=SAI H)\ MAQEI=N%10$ H( TRI/TH PRO/TASIS, O(/TI "3O( MAQW\N H)\ EU(RW\N H)\ E)ZH/THSEN H)\ E)DIDA/XQH: TA\ ME\N GA\R O(DOI/, TAU=TA DE\ TE/LH"3. TO\ DE\ MAQEI=N A)NTI\ TOU= DIDAXQH=NAI A)KOUSTE/ON. @$1*)=HN XRO/NOS O(/TE OU)X H(GOU= EI)DE/NAI%10$ H( TETA/RTH PRO/TASIS KAI\ TELEU-TAI/A, O(/TI "3O( ZHTH/SAS H)\ DIDAXQEI\S E)/XEI XRO/NON EI)PEI=N O(/TE OU)K W)/|ETO EI)DE/-NAI"3. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI O( ME\N PROSULLOGISMO\S E)N PRW/TW| SXH/MATI/ E)STIN, O( DE\ SULLOGISMO\S E)N DEUTE/RW|. E)/STI GA\R O( ME\N PROSULLOGISMO\S OU(=TOS: "3O( A)GAQO\S SU/MBOULOS MA=LLON OI)=DE PERI\ W(=N SUMBOULEU/EI H)\ OI( SUMBOULEUO/-MENOI: O( TOIOU=TOS H)\ E)/MAQEN H)\ EU(=REN: O( TOIOU=TOS H)\ E)ZH/THSEN H)\ E)DIDA/XQH: O( TOIOU=TOS E)/XEI XRO/NON EI)PEI=N O(/TE OU)K W)/|ETO EI)DE/NAI: O( A)GAQO\S A)/RA SU/MBOULOS E)/XEI XRO/NON E)N W(=| OU)K W)/|ETO EI)DE/NAI"3. O( DE\ SULLOGISMO\S LAMBA/NWN TH\N TELEUTAI/AN A)PODEIXQEI=SAN PRO/TASIN E)N TW=| PROSULLO-GISMW=| PROE/RXETAI E)N DEUTE/RW| SXH/MATI OU(/TWS: "3O( A)GAQO\S SU/MBOULOS E)/XEI XRO/NON EI)PEI=N O(/TE OU)K W)/|ETO EI)DE/NAI: O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS OU)K E)/XEI XRO/NON EI)PEI=N O(/TE OU)K W)/|ETO: O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS A)/RA OU)K A)GAQO\S SU/MBOULOS"3. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI AU)TO\S ME\N PLATU/TERON E)CH/PLWSE TO\N SULLOGISMO/N, H(MEI=S DE\ TA/CIN A)PENEI/MAMEN AU)TW=| SULLOGISMOU=. @$1*)ALLA\ MH\N A(/ GE MEMA/QHKAS SXEDO/N TI KAI\ E)GW\ OI)=DA%10$ KALW=S TO\ <20"3SXEDO\N"3>20 PRO/SKEITAI: EI)KO\S GA\R TO\N *)ALKIBIA/DHN EI)DE/NAI SKEUA/RION O(\ E)N TW=| AU)TOU= OI)/KW| E)/KEITO, O(/PER O( *SWKRA/THS OU)K E)GI/NWSKEN. @$1*AU)LEI=N DE/ GE OU)K H)/QELES%10$ A)LHQE/S: AU)TOU= GA/R E)STI PERI\ *QHBAI/WN @1 EI)PO/NTOS, <20"3AU)LEI/TWSAN *QHBAI/WN PAI=DES, DIALE/GESQAI GA\R OU)K I)/SASIN"3.>20 @$1*OI)=MAI DE\ OU)/TE NU/KTWR OU)/TE MEQ' H(ME/RAN E)CIW\N E)/NDOQEN%10$ TOUTE/STIN "3OU) MEMA/QHKAS A)/LLO TI PLH\N TOU/TWN, EI)/GE OU)DE/POTE LE/LHQA/S ME"3: KAQA/PER O( *DIOMH/DHS TH\N *)AQHNA=N, PRO\S H(/N FHSIN, <20"3OU) NU/ SE LH/QW KINOU/MENOS"3.>20 DI/KHN GA\R SUNEIDO/TOS E(KA/STH| TW=N PRA/CEWN H(MW=N PARAKOLOUQOU=NTOS, OU(/TW KAI\ O( *SWKRA/THS SUNH=N A)EI\ TW=| *)ALKIBIA/DH|. Ĉ@$1*PO/TERON OU)=N O(/TAN PERI\ GRAMMA/TWN *)AQHNAI=OI BOULEU/ONTAI%10$ E)NTEU=-QEN O( DEU/TEROS E)/LEGXOS, O(\N H(MEI=S U(PO\ DIAI/RESIN A)NHGA/GOMEN, O(/TI H( SUMBOULH\ H)\ PERI\ W(=N OI)=DEN KAI\ NOMI/ZEI EI)DE/NAI, H)\ PERI\ W(=N OU)K OI)=DE ME/N, NOMI/ZEI DE\ EI)DE/NAI, H)\ PERI\ W(=N OU)/TE OI)=DEN OU)/TE NOMI/ZEI EI)DE/NAI: KAI\ TO\ TE/TARTON SKE/LOS KAI\ A)SU/STATON E)/FAMEN EI)=NAI TO\ EI)DE/NAI ME/N, NOMI/ZEIN DE\ MH\ EI)DE/NAI. KATA\ PA/NTA OU)=N TAU=TA DEDEI/XAMEN MH\ DUNA/MENON A)GAQO\N SU/MBOULON GENE/SQAI. H( DE\ LE/CIS DU/O MO/NWN ME/MNHTAI, TOU= EI)DE/NAI KAI\ NOMI/ZEIN EI)DE/NAI [1PERI\ TOU/TWN DE\ OU)DE/POTE *)AQHNAI=OI E)KKLHSIA/ZOUSIN, EI)/GE KIQARI/ZEIN KAI\ PALAI/EIN KAI\ GRA/MMATA MO/NON E)/MAQEN]1 KAI\ PERI\ W(=N OU)K OI)=DE ME/N, GINW/SKEI DE\ O(/TI OU)K OI)=DEN [1E)PA/GEI GA\R O(/TI "3OU)/TE PERI\ OI)KODOMI/AS AU)TOI=S SUMBOULEU/SEIS"3, TAU/THN DE\ MH\ EI)DW\S O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS H)/|DEI O(/TI OU)K OI)=DEN]1. @$1*OU) GA/R POU O(/TAN GE PERI\ OI)KODOMI/AS%10$ I)STE/ON O(/TI OU)X W(S EU)TELOU=S O)/NTOS TOU= PERI\ OI)KODOMI/AS SUMBOULEU/EIN EI)=PEN O( *SWKRA/THS O(/TI "3OU) TO/TE SUMBOULEU/SEIS, O(/TE PERI\ OI)KODOMI/AS BOULEU/ONTAI"3, A)LL' W(S A)GNOOU=NTOS TOU= *)ALKIBIA/DOU TH\N OI)KODOMI/AN: E)PH/GAGEN GA\R O(/TI <20"3O( OI)KODO/MOS TAU=TA/ GE SOU= BE/LTION BOULEU/SEI"3,>20 A)NTI\ TOU= "3A)KRIBW=S TA\ PERI\ TH=S OI)KODOMI/AS"3. FULATTO/MENOS GA\R TOU=TO KAI\ PARA/-DEIGMA A)PO\ TIMIWTE/RAS TE/XNHS E)PH/GAGEN EI)PW\N <20"3OU)DE\ MH\N O(/TAN PERI\ MANTIKH=S"3,>20 I(/NA DEI/CH| O(/TI OU) TO\ TI/MION H)\ A)/TIMON TOU= U(POKEI-ME/NOU PARASKEUA/ZEI SUMBOULEU/EIN H)\ MH/, A)LL' H( PERI\ TW=N PROKEIME/NWN A)KRIBH\S GNW=SIS: W(S GA\R KAI\ E)FECH=S EU)QE/WS FHSI/N, <20"3EI)DO/TOS GA\R OI)=MAI PERI\ E(KA/STOU H( SUMBOULH/, KAI\ OU) PLOUTOU=N-TOS"3.>20 @$1*OU)DE\ MH\N O(/TAN PERI\ MANTIKH=S%10$ DITTH/ E)STIN H( MANTIKH\ PARA\ *PLA/TWNI, H( ME\N <20MANIKH/>20 TIS OU)=SA, W(S E)N FAI/DRW| FHSI/N, H(/TIS E)NQOUSIASTIKH/ E)STI KAI\ QEI/A, H( DE\ OI)=ON MASTEUTIKH\ KAI\ ZHTHTIKH/, H(/TIS KAI\ TE/XNH E)STI/N: PERI\ H(=S NU=N DIALE/GETAI, O(/TI "3PERI\ TAU/THS A)/MEINON O( MA/NTIS SUMBOULEU/SEI H)\ SU/"3. PERI\ GA\R TH=S PROTE/RAS W(S MH/TE DIDAKTH=S OU)/SHS OU)/TE SUMBOU-LEU/SEI TIS. @1 {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| H#}1 @$1*(/OTAN OU)=N PERI\ TI/NOS SKOPW=NTAI, TO/TE SU\ A)NISTA/MENOS W(S SUMBOU-LEU/SWN O)RQW=S A)NASTH/SH|;$ @*PA/LIN W(S EU)FUH\S O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS KAI\ R(HTORIKO\S A)POFEU/GEI TA\S *SWKRA-TIKA\S E)RWTH/SEIS. DEIXQEI\S GA\R MH\ A)CIO/XREWS W)\N SU/MBOULOS, MH/TE PERI\ W(=N OI)=DEN KAI\ OI)/ETAI EI)DE/NAI, OI)=ON GRAMMA/TWN, KIQARW|DI/AS, PA/LHS [1OU) GA\R PERI\ TOU/TWN *)AQHNAI=OI SUMBOULEU/ONTAI, PW=S DEI= AU)TOI=S XRH=SQAI, A)LL' EI) O(/LWS DEI= GRAMMATISTH\N H)\ A)QLHTH\N H)\ KIQARISTH\N E)N TH=| OI)KEI/A| PO/LEI PARALAMBA/NEIN]1, A)LLA\ MH\N OU)/TE PERI\ W(=N OU)K OI)=DEN OU)/TE OI)/ETAI EI)DE/NAI [1H( GA\R A(PLH= A)/GNOIA OU)X A(MARTHMA/TWN AI)TI/A]1, E)/TI DE\ OU)/TE PERI\ W(=N OU)K OI)=DE ME/N, OI)/ETAI DE\ EI)DE/NAI [1<20"3EI)DO/TOS GA\R PERI\ E(/KASTON H( SUMBOULH/, KAI\ OU) PLOUTOU=NTOS"3>20]1: TO\ DE\ E(/TERON SKE/LOS A)SU/STATON E)DEI/XQH, TO\ EI)DE/NAI ME/N, OI)/ESQAI DE\ MH\ EI)DE/NAI [1FW=S GA\R OU)=SA H( E)PISTH/MH OU) LANQA/NEI TO\N E)/XONTA]1: DEIXQEI\S OU)=N E)N TOU/TOIS MH\ A)CIO/XREWS W)\N SU/MBOULOS KAI\ E)RWTHQEI\S U(PO\ TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS, "3O(/TE OU)=N PERI\ TI/NOS BOULEU/ONTAI *)AQHNAI=OI, SUMBOULEU/SEIS AU)TOI=S;"3 EI)DW\S TH\N DIAI/RESIN A)/FUKTON OU)=SAN E)A=| ME\N AU)TH/N, E)/CWQEN DE\ A)POKRI/NETAI LE/GWN: <20"3O(/TAN PERI\ TW=N E(AUTW=N PRAGMA/TWN BOULEU/ONTAI"3.>20 KAI\ EI) ME\N KATA\ [2TA\S]2 FILOSO/FOUS U(POQH/KAS <20"3E(AUTOU\S"3>20 ME\N E)KA/LEI TA\S YUXA\S KAI\ TA\S KURI/WS OU)SI/AS, <20"3PRA/GMATA"3>20 DE\ TA\S E)NERGEI/AS, KALW=S A)\N EI)=XEN AU)TW=| H( A)PO/KRISIS, EI) KAI\ MH\ H)DU/NATO PERI\ TOU/TWN SUMBOULEU/EIN. E)PEIDH\ DE\ OU)X OU(/TWS, A)LL' A)DIORI/STWS A)PEKRI/NATO, E)RWTA=| PA/LIN AU)TO\N O( *SWKRA/THS: "3POI/WN PRAGMA/TWN; A)=RA O(/TE <20PERI\ NAUPHGI/AS>20;"3 KAI\ KALW=S E)XRH/SATO TW=| PARADEI/GMATI: EI) GA\R KAI\ MH\ OI)KEI=ON POLITIKOU= TO\ NAUPHGEI=N, A)LL' OU)=N TO\ PERI\ NAUPHGI/AS SUMBOULEU/EIN, OI)=ON POI/AS DEI= EI)=NAI TA\S NAU=S, A)=RA STENA\S KAI\ MAKRA/S, OI(=AI/ EI)SIN AI( TRIH/REIS, H)\ STROGGU/LAS KAI\ PLATEI/AS, OI(=AI AI( E)MPORIKAI/. TOIOU=TOS GA\R KAI\ O( *QEMISTOKLH=S: MH\ NAUPHGW=N AU)TO\S PERI\ NAUTIKOU= SUNEBOU/LEUEN LU/SAS TO\N XRHSMO/N. A)POKRI/NETAI DE\ O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS: <20"3O(/TAN PERI\ POLE/MOU KAI\ EI)RH/NHS>20 BOULEU/ONTAI"3. KAI\ I)STE/ON O(/TI PE/NTE O)/NTWN EI)DW=N PERI\ W(=N E)STI\N H( SUMBOULH\ KAI\ GI/NETAI, W(S *)ARISTOTE/LHS H(MA=S E)N *(RHTORIKAI=S TE/XNAIS E)DI/DACE, KATA\ SUZUGI/AN PROERXOME/NWN: H)\ GA\R PERI\ NO/MWN EI)SHGH/SEWS KAI\ A)RXO/NTWN KATASTA/SEWS [1KAI\ GA\R KAI\ O( NO/MOS OI)=ON A)/RXWN TI/S E)STIN A)/YUXOS, W(/SPER KAI\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN O( A)/RXWN NO/MOS E)/M-YUXOS]1, H)\ PERI\ PO/ROU KAI\ A)NALWMA/TWN, H)\ PERI\ EI)SAGWGI/MWN KAI\ E)CAGWGI/MWN, H)\ PERI\ FULAKH=S PO/LEWS KAI\ XW/RAS, H)\ PERI\ POLE/MOU KAI\ @1 EI)RH/NHS: AU)TO\S E)A/SAS TA\ A)/LLA FHSI/N, <20"3O(/TAN PERI\ POLE/MOU KAI\ EI)RH/NHS"3.>20 TOU=TO DE\ DIA\ TREI=S AI)TI/AS PEPOI/HKEN. H)\ GA\R W(S FILO/NEIKOS W)\N KAI\ KATA\ TO\ FILO/NEIKON EI)=DOS TH=S ZWH=S ZW=N <20"3PERI\ POLE/MOU KAI\ EI)RH/NHS"3>20 FHSI/N. EI) ME\N GA\R A)RISTOKRATIKO\S H)=N, PERI\ NO/MWN EI)SHGH/SEWS A)\N EI)=PEN KAI\ A)RXO/NTWN KATASTA/SEWS: EI) DE\ O)LIGARXIKO\S H)=N, PERI\ TW=N DU/O TW=N E)FECH=S, PERI\ PO/ROU KAI\ A)NALWMA/TWN KAI\ EI)SAGW-GI/MWN KAI\ E)CAGWGI/MWN [1TOU/TWN GA\R MA/LISTA OI( O)LIGARXIKOI\ FRONTI/-ZOUSIN]1: EI) DE\ DHMOKRATIKO\S H)=N, PERI\ TOU= TETA/RTOU A)\N E)/LEGEN, TOUTE/STI PERI\ FULAKH=S PO/LEWS KAI\ XW/RAS [1A)NTIPOIOU=NTAI GA\R TAU/THN DIA\ TH\N I)SHGORI/AN KAI\ TO\ PA/NTAS I)/SON DU/NASQAI]1: NU=N DE\ W(S FILO/NEIKOS PERI\ POLE/MOU KAI\ EI)RH/NHS EI)=PEN. H)\ OU)=N DIA\ TOU=TO H)\ O(/TI STRATHGIKO\S W)\N PERI\ TW=N OI)KEI/WN E(AUTW=| E)FRO/NTIZEN: OI)KEI=ON GA\R STRATHGOU= PO/LEMOS KAI\ EI)RH/NH. H)\ DIA\ TRI/THN AI)TI/AN, O(/TI E(W/RA TOU\S *)AQHNAI/OUS QAMA\ PERI\ TOU= POLEMEI=N BOULEUOME/NOUS E)N TW=| KAIRW=| TOU/TW|, POTE\ ME\N PRO\S *MEGARE/AS, POTE\ DE\ PRO\S *AI)GINH/TAS KAI\ A)/LLOUS POLLOU/S. @*TRIXW=S DE\ A(MARTA/NEI KATA\ TH\N A)PO/KRISIN O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS. PRW=TON ME/N, O(/TI OU) PRO\S O(LIKW/TERON ME/ROS TOU= SUMBOU/LOU H)/TOI TOU= POLITIKOU= A)PE/BLEYEN, KOINO\N U(PA/RXON TW=N E# PROEIRHME/NWN EI)DW=N, TOUTE/STI TO\ SUMFE/RON, A)LLA\ PRO\S TO\ DI/KAION, EI)/GE, W(S DEI/COMEN, O( PO/LEMOS A)EI\ DIA\ TO\ DI/KAION GI/NETAI. DEU/TERON O(/TI KAI\ PRO\S MERIKO\N A)PIDW\N OU) PROHGOU/-MENON EI)=PEN TOU=TO, A)LLA\ PERISTATIKO/N: E)K PERISTA/SEWS GA\R E)RXO/MEQA PRO\S TO\ POLEMEI=N. TRI/TON O(/TI KAI\ PERISTATIKO\N EI)PW\N OU)K A)PO\ TOU= KREI/TTONOS KAI\ KATA\ FU/SIN O)/NTOS H)/RCATO, TH=S EI)RH/NHS FHMI/, A)LL' A)PO\ TOU= POLE/MOU, XEI/RONOS O)/NTOS KAI\ PARA\ FU/SIN. DIO\ KAI\ O( *SWKRA/THS E)PANORQOU/MENOS AU)TO\N LE/GEI E)FECH=S A)PO\ TOU= KREI/TTONOS A)RCA/MENOS, "3PERI\ EI)RH/NHS FH\|S KAI\ POLE/MOU;"3 O(/TI GA\R PARA\ FU/SIN O( PO/LEMOS DH=LON KA)K TW=N H(METE/RWN SWMA/TWN. H(NI/KA ME\N GA\R H)REMEI= TA\ STOIXEI=A, E)N TW=| KATA\ FU/SIN E)SME/N: H(NI/KA DE\ MA/XHTAI A)LLH/LOIS, PLEONA/ZONTOS E(KA/STOU, TO/TE E)N TW=| PARA\ FU/SIN. OU(/TW ME\N TRIXW=S O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS A(MARTA/NEI. @*DEIKTE/ON DE\ KAI\ O(/TI TE/LOS TOU= POLE/MOU TO\ DI/KAION KAI\ O(/TI TOU/TOU E)FIE/MENOI POLEMOU=SIN OI( A)/NQRWPOI: DEI/KNUMEN DE\ TOU=TO DIA\ D# E)PIXEIRH-MA/TWN. PRW=TON ME/N, EI) OI( ME/GISTOI PO/LEMOI DIA\ TO\ DI/KAION O(MOLOGOU=NTAI GEGENH=SQAI, OI)=ON O( *TRWI+KO\S KAI\ O( *PERSIKO/S. DEU/TERON, EI) KAI\ O( FUSIKO\S PO/LEMOS DIA\ TO\ DI/KAION GI/NETAI, O(/TE TA\ E)NANTI/A MA/XETAI A)LLH/LOIS PERI\ TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU TO/POU LA/FURON E)/XEIN TOU=TO BOULOME/NOU E(KA/STOU. TRI/TON, O(/TI NEKROU\S KAI\ A)NOUSI/OUS E(AUTOU\S H(GOU=NTAI OI( A)/NQRWPOI H(NI/KA A)DIKOU=NTAI, DIO\ KINOU=SI TO\N PO/LEMON. OU) GA\R W(/SPER TW=N A)/LLWN A)RETW=N E(KA/STH DI' E(NO\S MORI/OU MO/NOU PEFOI/THKE TH=S YUXH=S [1OI)=ON H( ME\N SWFRO-ɈSU/NH DIA\ TOU= E)PIQUMHTIKOU=, H( DE\ FRO/NHSIS DIA\ TOU= LOGIKOU=, H( DE\ A)N-DREI/A DIA\ TOU= QUMIKOU=]1, OU(/TW KAI\ H( DIKAIOSU/NH: OU)K E)/STI GA\R [2E(NO\S @1 MORI/OU]2, A)LLA\ DIA\ PA/SHS TH=S TRIMEREI/AS E)XW/RHSE TH=S YUXH=S, DIO\ KAI\ O(MOTI/MWS E(/KASTON MO/RION A)NTIPOIOU/MENON TH=S DIKAIOSU/NHS AI)/RETAI TO\N PO/LEMON U(PE\R AU)TH=S. TE/TARTON O(/TI, W(/SPER A)/LLO ME\N TE/LOS STRATIW/TOU, A)/LLO DE\ R(H/TOROS, A)/LLO DE\ STRATHGOU=, OU(/TW KAI\ A)/LLO TE/LOS POLITIKOU=. TW=| ME\N GA\R STRATIW/TH| TE/LOS TO\ PLOUSI/W| GENE/SQAI A)PO\ TW=N LAFU/RWN: TW=| DE\ R(H/TORI TO\ DIA\ TW=N LO/GWN PEI=SAI PRO\ TW=N O(/PLWN, I(/NA, EI) MH\ PEI/SOI, TO/TE PARASKEUA/SEI TO\N STRATHGO\N DIA\ TW=N O(/PLWN BIA/SASQAI TOU\S E)NANTIOUME/NOUS W(/STE TO\ DI/KAION POIH=SAI [1OU(/TW GA\R KAI\ OI( PAR' *(OMH/RW| R(H/TORES, *)ODUSSEU\S KAI\ *MENE/LAOS, PRO\ TH=S MA/XHS PEPOI/HNTAI PRESBEUO/-MENOI PRO\S TOU\S *TRW=AS]1: STRATHGOU= DE\ TE/LOS H( NI/KH KAI\ TO\ TW=N POLEMI/WN KRATH=SAI. KAI\ OU)X A(PLW=S E(NO\S E(KA/STOU TO\ TH=S NI/KHS E)STI/N: EI) GA\R TOU= KOINOU= PANTO\S H( NI/KH, H(GEMW\N DE\ TOU= KOINOU= O( STRATHGO/S, DH=LON O(/TI KAI\ TO\ TOU= KOINOU= KATO/RQWMA EI)S TOU=TON O(RA=|, TOUTE/STIN H( NI/KH. DIO\ KALW=S EI)/RHTAI: @<20"3A)LL' O( STRATHGO\S TH\N DO/KHSIN A)/RNUTAI"3>20. TOU= DE\ POLITIKOU= TE/LOS TO\ A)GAQOU\S KAI\ XRHSTOU\S POIH=SAI TOU\S POLI/TAS AU)TOU=, OU) GA\R TO\ NIKH=SAI [1POLLAI\ GA/R EI)SI <20*KADMEI=AI NI=KAI,>20 POLLOI=S H(=TTAI SUNH/NEGKAN]1: POIEI= OU)=N AU)TOU\S A)GAQOU\S DIA\ TO\ TOU\S POLEMI/OUS A)DIKOU=NTAS A)PEI/RGEIN KAI\ A)PODIDO/NAI TOI=S ME\N NIKH/SASI TO\ DI/KAION KAI\ TO\ MH\ A)POSTERHQH=NAI TW=N OI)KEI/WN, TOI=S DE\ H(TTHQEI=SI TO\ MH\ TW=N A)LLOTRI/WN KRATEI=N: DI/KAION GA\R KAI\ TOU=TO. W(/STE DE/DEIKTAI TE/LOS O)\N TOU= POLE/MOU TO\ DI/KAION. KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N E)/CWQEN. @*(O DE\ *SWKRA/THS DEI/KNUSI TO\N NE/ON MHDE\ PERI\ TOU/TWN A)CIO/XREWN O)/NTA SU/MBOULON DIA\ TW=N AU)TW=N LO/GWN W(=N KAI\ PRO/TERON. OU) GA\R DE/OS MH\ KATATRIBW=SIN OI( LO/GOI DI/KHN TW=N PALAIW=N SKEUARI/WN TW=N E)N POLLH=| XRH/SEI PARALAMBANOME/NWN. DEI/KNUTAI DE\ MH/TE PERI\ POLE/MOU KAI\ EI)RH/NHS A)GAQO\S W)\N SU/MBOULOS O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS, E)PEIDH\ OU)/TE E)/MAQEN OU)/TE HU(=REN OU)/TE E)ZH/THSEN TO\ DI/KAION, O(/PER TE/LOS TOU= POLE/MOU. PRO\S DE\ TOU=TO PARALAMBA/NEI O( *SWKRA/THS DU/O PARADEI/GMATA, TO\ TH=S GUMNASTIKH=S KAI\ @1 TO\ TH=S MOUSIKH=S, OI)KEI=A O)/NTA KAI\ SAFH=. DEI= GA\R TA\ PARADEI/GMATA KAI\ SAFE/STERA EI)=NAI W(=N EI)SI\N PARADEI/GMATA KAI\ OI)KEI=A TOU/TOIS. OI(=A/PER EI)SI\ KAI\ TA\ PARO/NTA: SAFH= ME/N, E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA PROEPEPAI/DEUTO O( *)ALKI-BIA/DHS, OI)KEI=A DE/, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ H( PA/LH MIKRO/S TI/S E)STI PO/LEMOS, H( DE\ MOUSIKH\ KAI\ AU(/TH OI)KEI/A TH=| EI)RH/NH| DIA\ TO\ E)N A)MFOTE/RAIS QUMHDI/AN EI)=NAI. E)N DE\ TOU/TOIS OU)/TE A)/MFW DIDA/SKEI O( *SWKRA/THS [1OU) GA\R E)BOU/LETO DIDA/SKALOS MO/NON EI)=NAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ MAIEUTH/S]1 OU)/TE A)/MFW E)RWTA=| [1A)/GONOS GA\R E)/MELLEN EI)=NAI H( MAIEI/A MHDE\N PRODIDAXQE/NTOS TOU= NE/OU]1: TA\ ME\N OU)=N DIDA/SKEI, TA\ DE\ E)RWTA=|. KAI\ PROTA/TTEI TH\N DIDASKALI/AN TH=S E)RWTH/SEWS, OU)X A(PLW=S, A)LL' I(/NA GO/NIMOS E)NTEU=QEN E)/SETAI H( MAIEI/A. KAI\ DIDA/SKEI ME\N E(/N, E)RWTA=| DE\ DU/O [1E)PA/GEI GA\R TRI/A, KAI\ TI/ TE/LOS TOU= POLITIKOU=]1: OU) MA/THN DE\ DU/O E)RWTA=|, A)LL' I(/NA PLOUSIWTE/RA TH=S DIDASKA-LI/AS H( MAIEI/A GE/NHTAI. DIDA/SKEI OU)=N TO\ PRW=TON LE/GWN O(/TI "3KAQA/PER E)GW\ TO\ KATA\ TH\N GUMNASTIKH\N O)RQW=S E)/XON H)/TOI TO\ TE/LOS TH=S GUMNASTI-KH=S LE/GW EI)=NAI TO\ GUMNASTIKW=S, OU(/TW KAI\ SU\ LE/GE MOI TI/ TO\ TE/LOS TH=S MOUSIKH=S"3: KAI\ META\ POLLA\ A)POKRI/NETAI O( NE/OS O(/TI "3TO\ MOUSIKW=S"3. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI TRITTO/N E)STI TO\ MOUSIKW=S, H)\ GA\R E)N W)|DH=| H)\ E)N R(UQMW=| H)\ E)N ME/LEI. QEWREI=TAI DE\ H( ME\N W)|DH\ E)N ME/TRW|: OU)DE\N GA/R E)STIN W)|DH\ H)\ LO/GOS E)/MMETROS KAI\ TE/LOS AU)TH=S H)\ TO\ W)|DIKW=S H)\ TO\ E)MME/TRWS. PA/LIN DE\ O( R(UQMO\S QEWREI=TAI E)N A)/RSEI KAI\ QE/SEI KAI\ TE/LOS AU)TOU= TO\ E)NRU/QMWS. TO\ DE\ ME/LOS E)STI\N E)N A(RMONI/A|, TE/LOS DE\ AU)TOU= H)\ TO\ E)MMELW=S H)\ TO\ A(RMONIKW=S. PA/LIN DE\ E)RWTA=| TI/ TE/LOS TOU= POLITIKOU=, KAI\ O(MOI/WS META\ POLLA\ A)POKRI/NETAI O(/TI "3TO\ DI/KAION"3. @*KAI\ A)POREI= O( FILO/SOFOS *PRO/KLOS E)NTAU=QA, PW=S E)PI\ ME\N TW=N A)/LLWN PARWNU/MWS E)/LEGEN TA\ TE/LH, A)PO\ ME\N TH=S GUMNASTIKH=S TO\ GUMNASTIKW=S, A)PO\ DE\ TH=S MOUSIKH=S TO\ MOUSIKW=S, E)PI\ DE\ TOU= POLITIKOU= OU)X OU(/TWS PEPOI/HKEN: OU) GA\R EI)=PEN TE/LOS AU)TOU= TO\ POLITIKW=S. KAI\ LU/EI TOU=TO O( AU)TO\S PAGKA/LWS LE/GWN O(/TI KAI\ E)NTAU=QA PARWNU/MWS EI)=PEN, TA/XA DE\ OU) PARWNU/MWS, A)LL' W(S TA\ A)F' E(NO/S: E)N DE\ TOI=S A)F' E(NO\S OU) XREI/A KOINWNI/AS O)NOMA/TWN KAI\ DIAFORA=S, A)LLA\ MO/NON PRA/GMATOS KAI\ DIA-FORA=S. OU) DIAFE/REI DE\ DIKAIOSU/NH POLITEI/AS H)\ TW=| MIKRW=| KAI\ MEGA/LW|: O(\ GA\R DIKAIOSU/NH E)N YUXH=|, TOU=TO POLITEI/A E)N PO/LEI. DIO\ KAI\ O( *PLA/TWN TH\N *POLITEI/AN E)PE/GRAYEN <20"3*POLITEI/A H)\ PERI\ DIKAI/OU"3>20. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. @$1*(/OTAN OU)=N PERI\ TI/NOS SKOPW=NTAI KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S%10$ E)PEIDH\ DIA\ TW=N FQASA/NTWN E)DEI/XQH O( NE/OS E)N OU)DENI\ SKE/LEI TH=S EI)RHME/NHS DIAIRE/SEWS @1 A)CIO/XREWS W)\N SU/MBOULOS, E)RWTA=| NU=N AU)TO\N O( *SWKRA/THS, "3E)N POI/OIS OU)=N AU)TO\S A)NASTH/SH| SUMBOULEU/SWN, EI)/GE E)N TOI=S PROLABOU=SIN OU) FH\|S SUM-BOULEU/SEIN;"3 O( DE\ W(S EU)FUH\S OU)/TE A)PO\ TH=S DIAIRE/SEWS A)POKRI/NETAI, EI)DW\S AU)TH\N A)/FUKTON OU)=SAN OU)/TE DE\ A)POREI= A)POKRI/SEWS, A)LLA/ FHSIN E)/CWQEN A)PROSDIORI/STWS: <20"3O(/TAN PERI\ TW=N E(AUTW=N PRAGMA/-TWN"3>20. @$1*TW=N PERI\ NAUPHGI/AS LE/GEIS%10$ TOU= NE/OU A)PROSDIORI/STWS XRHSAME/NOU TH=| A)POKRI/SEI O( *SWKRA/THS E)RWTA=| TAU=TA. KAI\ KALW=S E)XRH/SATO TW=| PARA-DEI/GMATI: OU) GA\R A)PRO/SFORON, EI)/GE DUNATO\N E)/STIN O(/TE TW=| POLITIKW=| PERI\ NEW=N KATASKEUH=S SUMBOULEU/EIN, EI) KAI\ MH\ AU)TO\S NAUPHGEI=. O( DE\ *)ALKI-BIA/DHS A)RNEI=TAI LE/GWN $1"3OU)K E)/GWGE, W)= *SW/KRATES"3$. KAI\ I)STE/ON O(/TI OU) DIA\ TO\ EU)TELE\S TOU= PARADEI/GMATO/S FHSIN MH\ SUMBOULEU/EIN PERI\ TOU/TOU, A)LLA\ DIA\ TO\ A)GNOEI=N. H)/DH GA\R W)FE/LHTO PARA\ TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS O(/TI <20EI)DO/TOS PERI\ E(/KASTON H( SUMBOULH/, KAI\ OU) PLOUTOU=N-TOS.>20 O(/TI DE\ TOU=TO AI)/TION, DH=LON KAI\ E)K TW=N E)PAGOME/NWN: TOU= GA\R *SWKRA/TOUS E)RWTH/SANTOS, "3A)=RA E)PEIDH\ SU\ NAUPHGEI=N OU)K E)PI/STASAI;"3 O( NE/OS SUNE/QETO. @$1*(/OTAN PERI\ POLE/MOU, W)= *SW/KRATES, H)\ PERI\ EI)RH/NHS H)\ A)/LLOU TOU TW=N TH=S PO/LEWS PRAGMA/TWN%10$ I)DOU\ O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS OU) MO/NON PERI\ POLE/MOU FHSI\N SUMBOULEU/SEIN, A)LLA\ KAI\ PERI\ TW=N A)/LLWN [4DE\]4 TESSA/RWN SUZUGIW=N: TAU/TAS GA\R EI)SA/GEI DIA\ TOU= EI)PEI=N <20"3H)\ A)/LLOU TOU"3>20. KAI\ ZHTHTE/ON DIA\ TI/ E)PI\ ME\N TW=N A)/LLWN A)NWNU/MWS EI)=PEN, E)PI\ DE\ TOU= POLE/MOU OU) MO/NON O)NOMASTI/, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)N A)RXH=| EU)QE/WS TOU= LO/GOU AU)TO\N E)/TACEN. H)/ FAMEN O(/TI KAQ' H(\N ZWH\N ZW=MEN, KATA\ TAU/THN KAI\ TA\ PRW=TA R(H/MATA FQEGGO/MEQA: DHLOU=TAI GA\R DIA\ TW=N PRW/TWN H(MW=N FWNW=N, POI=OS O( BI/OS H(MW=N KAI\ TI/SIN H(DO/MEQA. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N STRATHGIKO\S KAI\ A)H/TTHTOS W(MOLO/-GHTAI GENE/SQAI, OU(/TW PROH/GAGE TO\N LO/GON. I(STOREI=TAI GA\R O(/TI E)/NQA A)\N E)/RREYEN E)NI/KA, KAI\ POLLH\N E)POI/EI R(OPH/N. W(/STE EI)KO/TWS PERI\ TW=N OI)KEIOTE/RWN AU)TW=| KAI\ O(/POU MA/LISTA I)/SXUEN A)PEKRI/NATO. @$1*)=ARA LE/GEIS O(/TAN BOULEU/WNTAI PRO\S TI/NAS XRH\ EI)RH/NHN POIEI=SQAI KAI\ TI/SIN POLEMEI=N KAI\ TI/NA TRO/PON;$ I)STE/ON O(/TI E)PANORQOU/MENOS TO\N NE/ON O( *SWKRA/THS, W(S PROEI/RHTAI, TO\ KATA\ FU/SIN PROE/TACEN EI)PW\N <20"3PRO\S TI/NAS XRH\ EI)RH/NHN POIEI=SQAI"3>20. PARALAMBA/NEI DE\ E)NTAU=QA PA/NTA TA\ PERISTATIKA/, OI)=ON PRO/SWPON, PRO\S TI/NAS DEI= POLEMEI=N, O(MO/ROUS H)\ CE/NOUS: TI/NA TRO/PON, NAUMAXOU=NTAS H)\ PEZOMAXOU=NTAS: E)N POI/A| GH=|, TH=| H(METE/RA| H)\ TW=N POLEMI/WN: E)N POI/W| XRO/NW|, QE/ROUS XEIMW=NOS: KAIRW=|, NU/KTWR MEQ' H(ME/RAN. @$1*EI) OU)=N BOULEU/OINTO *)AQHNAI=OI TI/SIN XRH\ PROSPALAI/EIN H)\ TI/SIN ͈A)KROXEIRI/ZESQAI%10$ E)NTEU=QEN A)/RXETAI TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN O( *SWKRA/THS @1 KAI\ PARALAMBA/NEI PA/LIN KAI\ E)NTAU=QA PA/NTA TA\ PERISTATIKA/. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI E)OI/KASI TA\ PARADEI/GMATA TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS SPINQH=RI: W(/SPER GA\R O( SPINQH\R E)N QHMWNIA=| A)XU/RWN E)MPESW\N MEGA/LHN E)GEI/REI PURKAI+A/N, OU(/TW KAI\ E)K TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS E)KLA/MPOUSIN OI( KAQO/LOU LO/GOI TH=S YUXH=S. @$1*SU\ D' E)KEI=NO TI/ KALEI=S; *OU)K E)NNOW=%10$ DIDA/CAS O( *SWKRA/THS TI/ TE/LOS TH=S GUMNASTIKH=S, MAIEU/ETAI TO\N NE/ON EI)PEI=N TI/ TE/LOS TH=S MOUSIKH=S: O( DE/ FHSIN A)POREI=N. KAI\ ZHTHTE/ON, PW=S EU)FUH\S W)\N O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS OU)/TE MAIEUO/MENOS LE/GEI TO\ E)RWTW/MENON. PRO\S TOU=TO DE\ OI( ME/N FASIN: E)PEIDH\ KAI\ KOINO\N H)=N TE/LOS TH=S MOUSIKH=S, TO\ MOUSIKW=S, H)=N DE\ KAI\ TOU= KAT' EI)=DOS, OI)=ON TH=S ME\N W)|DH=S TO\ W)|DIKO\N [2H)\]2 TO\ E)/MMETRON, TOU= DE\ R(UQMOU= TO\ R(UQMIKO\N H)\ TO\ A(RMONIKO/N, TOU= DE\ ME/LOUS TO\ E)MMELE/S, H)PO/REI PO/TERON TO\ KOINO\N A)PAITEI=TAI TE/LOS H)\ TO\ KAT' EI)=DOS E(/KASTON, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO EI)=PEN <20"3OU)K E)NNOW="3.>20 A)LL' AU(/TH H( E)CH/GHSIS OU) SUNA/|DEI TW=| R(HTW=|: MIKRO\N GA\R U(/STERON E)PI\ LE/CEWS A(PA/SHS TH=S MOUSIKH=S E)RWTW/MENOS TO\ TE/LOS OU)D' OU(/TW LE/GEI. E)/STIN OU)=N H( A)LHQINH\ LU/SIS O(/TI O( ME\N *SWKRA/THS TA\ TRI/A EI)/DH W(S E(\N EI)DW\S W(S E(\N KAI\ H)RW/THSE TO\N NE/ON, O( DE\ TA\ TRI/A MAQW\N W(S TRI/A H)PO/REI POI=ON A)POKRI/NETAI, A)=RA TO\ W)|DIKO\N H)\ TO\ E)MMELE\S H)\ TO\ E)/RRUQMON. 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OI)=ON OU)X O( KA/LLISTON GRA/FWN TO\N *QERSI/THN, OU(=TOS KATA\ TE/XNHN GRA/FEI AU)TO/N, OU)D' O( TO\N O)FQALMO\N A)PO\ TOU= TIMIW-TA/TOU TW=N XRWMA/TWN, OI)=ON TOU= KUANOU=: A)LLA\ TO/TE E)STI\N EI)PEI=N TAU=TA O)RQW=S E)/XEIN, O(/TE KATA\ TE/XNHN GRA/FEI TIS TO\N *QERSI/THN, KA)\N AI)SXRO\S H)=|, KAI\ E)K TW=N PROSFO/RWN XRWMA/TWN TO\N O)FQALMO/N, EI) KAI\ MH\ E)K TOU= TIMI/OU. @$1*)/IQI DH\ KAI\ SU/%10$ POLU\ TO\ <20"3I)/QI"3>20 E)STI\N EU(REI=N PARA\ TW=| *PLA/TWNI, OI)KEI=ON DE\ TOU=TO YUXH=| METABATIKW=S NOOU/SH| TA\ PRA/GMATA KAI\ OU)K A)QRO/WS KAQA/PER O( NOU=S. E)PA/GEI DE\ TO\ $1"3PRE/POI GA\R A)/N POU KAI\ SOI\ TO\ KALW=S DIALE/GESQAI"3$, TOUTE/STI "3KALW=| O)/NTI SOI PRE/PEI TO\ KALW=S PERI\ TW=N PRAGMA/TWN E)REI=N"3. @$1*TI/S H( TE/XNH H(=S TO\ KIQARI/ZEIN KAI\ TO\ A)/|DEIN KAI\ TO\ E)MBAI/NEIN O)RQW=S; SUNA/PASA TI/S KALEI=TAI;$ I)DOU\ E)NTAU=QA KOINW=S TW=N TRIW=N EI)DW=N E)RWTW/-MENOS EI)PEI=N TO\ TE/LOS OU) LE/GEI. 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LE/GEI GA\R <20"3EI) GA\R KAI\ DIANOEI=TAI/ TIS"3>20 W(S TOU=TO SUGXWRW=N, E)PA/GEI DE\ KAI\ O(/TI OU)/TE DIANOOU/MENO/S TIS O(MOLOGEI= TOU=TO. @$1*OU) GA\R NO/MIMON TOU=Q', W(S E)/OIKEN. *OU) DH=TA. *OU)DE/ GE KALO\N DOKEI= ֈEI)=NAI%10$ NO/MIMON ME/N E)STI TO\ QE/SEI DI/KAION, KALO\N DE\ TO\ FU/SEI. FHSI\N OU)=N O( *SWKRA/THS O(/TI OU)/TE KATA\ TO\ QE/SEI DI/KAION, TOUTE/STI TO\ NO/MIMON, OU)/TE KATA\ TO\ FU/SEI, TOUTE/STI TO\ KALO/N, PROSH/KEI POLEMEI=N TOI=S TA\ DI/KAIA PRA/TTOUSIN. KAI\ SUNOMOLOGEI= TOU/TOIS O( NE/OS W(S PROKO/PTWN E)PI\ TO\ TE/LEION. @$1*)/ALLO TI OU)=N, O(\ NU=N DH\ E)GW\ H)RW/TWN, BE/LTION PRO\S TO\ POLEMEI=N%10$ META\ TO\ DIA\ POLLW=N SUNQE/SQAI TO\N NE/ON O(/TI TE/LOS TOU= POLE/MOU TO\ DI/KAION KAI\ O(/TI OU) DEI= TOI=S DIKAIOPRAGOU=SI POLEMEI=N, A)LLA\ TOI=S A)DIKOU=SI DHLONO/TI [1KAI\ GA\R A)\N OU(/TWS E(/NEKEN TOU= DIKAI/OU POLEMOI/HMEN]1, A)NA-MIMNH/|SKEI TO\N NE/ON O( *SWKRA/THS TH=S E)RWTH/SEWS PRO\S H(\N H)PO/REI A)PO-KRI/NASQAI. AU(/TH DE\ H)=N, TI/ TE/LOS TOU= POLE/MOU: TAU)TO\N GA\R DHLOI= TO\ "3TI/ BE/LTION"3, W(S EI)/RHTAI. FHSI\N OU)=N, <20"3A)/LLO TI OU)=N, O(\ NU=N DH\ E)GW\ H)RW/TWN"3>20, A)NTI\ TOU= <20"3EI) MH\ TOU=TO"3>20. TH=S GA\R *PLATWNIKH=S FRA/SEWS TO\ "3A)/LLO TI OU)=N"3 KATA\ PARA/LEIYIN TOU= "3EI) MH\ TOU=TO"3 LE/GEIN. META\ DE\ TW=N PERISTATIKW=N A)NAMIMNH/|SKEI TI/ TO\ BE/LTION TOU= POLEMEI=N, LE/GWN <20"3OI(=S DEI="3>20 KAI\ <20"3O(PO/TE"3.>20 @$1*PW=S OU)=N, W)= FI/LE *)ALKIBIA/DH; PO/TERON SAUTO\N LE/LHQAS O(/TI OU)K E)PI/STASAI, KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S%10$ OU) MA/THN E)NTAU=QA KEI=TAI TO\ <20"3W)= FI/LE"3,>20 A)LL' @1 E)PEIDH/, W(S POLLA/KIS EI)/RHTAI, ME/LITI DEDEUME/NOIS FARMA/KOIS E)OI/KASIN AI( *SWKRATIKAI\ PARAINE/SEIS KAI\ E)/LEGXOI, ME/LLEI DE\ TO\N NE/ON E)PI\ TW=| MH\ GINW/SKEIN TO\ DI/KAION LUPEI=N TOI=S E)LE/GXOIS KAI\ PRO\S O)RGH\N E)CA/GEIN, PROTIQASEU/EI AU)TO\N PRW=TON <20"3FI/LON"3>20 O)NOMA/ZWN, KAI\ PA/LIN O)MNU\S MIKRO\N U(/STERON <20"3MA\ TO\N FI/LION TO\N E)MO/N TE KAI\ SO/N"3.>20 KAI\ ZHTOU=SIN E)KEI=, TI/NA QEO\N KALEI= <20FI/LION.>20 KAI\ OI( ME/N FASI TO\N *)/ERWTA, OU)K E)/STI DE/: O( GA\R FI/LOS FI/LW| FI/LOS, E)NTAU=QA DE\ O( ME\N *SWKRA/THS E)RA=| TOU= NE/OU, O( DE\ NE/OS OU)K A)NTERA=| TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS: TOU= GA\R TE/LOUS TOU= DIALO/GOU TOU=TO/ E)STIN, E)/NQA O( A)NTE/RWS PARADI/DOTAI. TI/NA OU)=N KALEI= <20FI/LION;>20 H)/ FAMEN O(/TI TO\N *DI/A: KAI\ GA\R A)MFOTE/ROIS PROSH/KEI KATA\ TO\ A)RXIKO\N O( *ZEU/S. *SWKRA/TEI ME\N DIA\ TH\N FILOSOFI/AN [1H(GEMW\N GA\R AU(/TH PASW=N TW=N A)/LLWN TEXNW=N]1 KAI\ O(/TI KATA\ TOU\S *STWI+KOU\S O( EI)DW\S PW=S DEI= A)/RXEIN A)/RXWN E)STI/N, EI) KAI\ MH\ KE/XRHTAI TH=| A)RXH=|: TOIOU=TOI DE\ OI( FILO/SOFOI: DIO\ KAI\ E)N *FAI/DRW| FHSI/N, <20"3META\ ME\N DH\ *DIO/S EI)MI"3.>20 *)ALKIBIA/DH| DE\ W(S FILA/RXW| KAI\ STRATHGIKW=| A(RMO/TTEI, W(/STE OU) MA/THN TO\ EI)PEI=N <20"3TO\N E)MO/N TE KAI\ SO/N"3.>20 A)LLA\ TAU=TA ME\N E)N TOI=S E)FECH=S A(RMO/TTEI LEXQH=NAI: E)NTAU=QA DE/ FHSIN O(/TI <20"3PO/TERON SAUTO\N LE/-LHQAS>20 A)GNOW=N TO\ DI/KAION"3 [1OI)KEI=ON DE\ H( LH/QH TH=| A)GNOI/A, A)/MFW GA\R GNW/SEW/S EI)SIN A)POUSI/A]1 <20"3H)\ E)ME\ E)/LAQES MAQW/N;"3>20 A)NTI\ TOU= "3PW=S, EI)/GE DI/KHN SUNEIDO/TOS E)F' E(KA/STH| H(MW=N E)NERGEI/A| PARO/NTOS KA)GW\ SUNAKOLOUQW= SOI, LAQEI=N ME E)/MELLES;"3 @$1*KAI\ FOITW=N EI)S DIDASKA/LOU%10$ E)NTEU=QE/N E)STI MAQEI=N O(/TI KAI\ OI( MANQA/-NONTES PARA\ A)/LLOU E)/XOUSI/ TI AU)TOKI/NHTON, TOUTE/STI TO\ PROAIREI=SQAI MANQA/NEIN KAI\ FOITA=N EI)S DIDASKA/LOU KAI\ MH\ BI/A| KAI\ MOXLEI/A| PROS-LAMBA/NEIN TO\ MANQA/NEIN, EI) KAI\ PAR' E(TE/RWN AU)TOI=S H( GNW=SIS PROSE/RXE-TAI. @$1*KAI\ TI/S E)STIN OU(=TOS; FRA/SON KAI\ E)MOI/, I(/NA AU)TW=| FOITHTH\N PROCENH/-SHS E)ME/%10$ ZHTHTE/ON PW=S, EI) DEI= KAI\ TA\S EI)RWNEI/AS TOU= FILOSO/FOU A)LHQEI=S EI)=NAI, NU=N O( *SWKRA/THS EI)DW\S TO\ DI/KAION LE/GEI PRO\S TO\N NE/ON O(/TI "3FRA/SON MOI PAR' O(/TOU TO\ DI/KAION E)/MAQES, I(/NA AU)TW=| FOITH/SW"3. H)/ FAMEN O(/TI DEI= TO\N E)RWTIKO\N KAI\ SUNAGNOEI=N KAI\ SUNANA/GESQAI TOI=S PAIDIKOI=S: W(S ME\N OU)=N E)RWTIKO\S O( *SWKRA/THS H)GNO/EI TO\ DI/KAION A)GNOOU=NTOS TOU= NE/OU, W(S DE\ DIDA/SKALOS H)PI/STATO. H)\ KAI\ B# LU/SIN: O(/TI H)\ PRO\S KREI/TTONA E)FOI/TA O( *SWKRA/THS KAI\ W)FE/LHTO, H)\ PRO\S XEI/RONA KAI\ W)FE/LEI, H)\ PRO\S I)/SON, KAI\ <20"3KOINA\ TA\ FI/LWN"3.>20 @$1*(\ON E)GW\ H(/KIST' A)\N E)PIORKH/SAIMI%10$ E)NTAU=QA ZHTHTE/ON PW=S FHSI/N, "3O(\N E)GW\ OU)DAMW=S A)\N E)PIORKH/SW"3. TI/ GA/R; E(/TERON E)PIW/RKEI; H)/ FAMEN O(/TI @1 PROSUPAKOUSTE/ON TO\ "3PRO\S SE/"3: METRIW/TERON GA\R TO\ PRO\S A)LLOTRI/OUS KAI\ CE/NOUS E)PIORKEI=N H)\ PRO\S FI/LOUS. H)\ O(/TI DEINO/TERO/N E)STIN TOU\S META\ I)DIO/THTOS QEOU\S E)PIORKEI=N H)\ TOU\S A)/LLOUS: AI( GA\R I)DIO/THTES KAI\ OI( PROS-DIORISMOI\ PARABAINO/MENOI XALEPW/TERA POIOU=SI TA\ A(MARTH/MATA, PRO/S-KEITAI DE\ TO\ <20"3FI/LION"3.>20 OU(/TW KAI\ E)N *KRATU/LW| FHSI\N MH\ DEI=N E)PIORKEI=N TO\N CE/NION H)\ O(MO/GNION, DHLONO/TI W(S TW=N PROSDIORISMW=N MH\ O)FEILOME/NWN PARABAI/NESQAI. H)\ O(/TI OU) PRO\S A)NTIDIASTOLH\N E)NTAU=QA TO\ "3O(\N"3 EI)/RHTAI. @$1*TI/ DE/, EI) MH\ E)/XW; OU)K A)\N OI)/EI ME A)/LLWS EI)DE/NAI;$ E)N TOU/TOIS A)NA-LUTIKW=S PARADI/DOTAI O( SULLOGISMO/S, O(\N A)NWTE/RW SUNQETIKW=S PROH/-GAGEN. EI)PW\N GA\R O( *SWKRA/THS O(/TI "3H)PI/STASO A)\N TA\ DI/KAIA, EI) E)FOI/THSAS PARA\ DIDASKA/LW|"3, KAI\ TOU= NE/OU EI)PO/NTOS "3TI/ DE/; OU)K E)NDE/XETAI A)/LLWS ME GINW/SKEIN;"3 E)PA/GEI O( *SWKRA/THS E(TE/RAN PRO/TASIN, O(/TI "3EI)/ GE EU(/ROIS"3, KAI\ PA/LIN "3EI) E)ZH/THSAS: E)ZH/THSAS DE\ A)/N, EI) E)NO/MISAS MH\ EI)DE/NAI: A)LLA\ MH\N OU)K E)/XEIS XRO/NON EI)PEI=N O(\N H(GH/SW A)GNOEI=N"3. A)NALOGI/ZETAI GA\R PA=SAN TH\N H(LIKI/AN TOU= NE/OU KA)NTEU=QEN DEI/KNUSIN AU)TO\N A)GNOOU=NTA TO\ DI/KAION. @$1*KAI\ MA/LA G', EI) ZHTH/SAIS%10$ OU)X A(PLW=S E)NTAU=QA PRO/SKEITAI TO\ <20"3MA/LA"3,>20 A)LLA\ QARROU=NTO/S E)STI TH=| EU)FUI/+A| TOU= NE/OU, O(/TI EI) E)ZH/THSE PA/NTWS A)\N H)/MELLEN EU(REI=N. @$1*KAI\ TA)LHQH= A)POKRI/NOU, I(/NA MH\ MA/THN OI( DIA/LOGOI GI/NWNTAI%10$ A)/NW ME/N, E)/NQA KAQOLIKAI\ U(PH=RXON AI( PROTA/SEIS, OU)K H)/|TEI TO\N NE/ON A)LHQH= A)POKRI/NASQAI: EI) GA\R KAI\ E)YEU/SATO, A)LL' OU)=N E)C E(TE/RWN DIA\ TOU= KAQOLIKOU= TW=N PROTA/SEWN H)LE/GXETO. E)NTAU=QA DE/, E)PEIDH\ MERIKAI/ EI)SI KAI\ A)PO\ I(STORI/AS EI)LHMME/NAI, AI)TEI= AU)TO\N A)LHQEU=SAI: EI) GA\R MH\ TA\ A)LHQH= A)POKRI/NHTAI, OI)/XETAI KAI\ MA/TAIOS E)/STAI O( SULLOGISMO/S. KAI\ E)/STIN E)NTEU=QEN E(LEI=N *PLATWNIKO\N DO/GMA, O(/TI E)K YEUDW=N PROTA/SEWN OU)DE\N A)NAGKAI=ON SUNA/GETAI, A)LLA\ MA/TAIOS E)/STAI O( SULLOGISMO/S: FHSI\ GA\R <20"3I(/NA MH\ MA/THN"3.>20 EI) GA\R KAI\ A)LHQE/S POTE E)K YEUDW=N SUNAXQH/-SETAI, OU) DIA\ TO\ A)NAGKASTIKO\N TW=N PROTA/SEWN, A)LLA\ DIA\ TO\ E)NDEXO/-MENON TH=S U(/LHS TOU=TO GI/NETAI. @$1*)ALLA\ MH\N TO/ GE PRO\ TOU/TOU PAI=S H)=SQA%10$ DIAFE/REI PAI=S PAIDI/OU: PAI-DI/ON ME\N GA/R E)STIN O( ME/XRI E(PTA\ E)TW=N, PAI=S DE\ O( A)PO\ E(BDO/MOU E)/TOUS ME/XRI TESSARESKAIDEKA/TOU, O(/TE KAI\ LOIPO\N E)/FHBOS GI/NETAI. KALW=S OU)=N O( *SWKRA/THS PAI=DA TO\N NE/ON EI)=PEN EI)=NAI PRO\ PE/NTE E)TW=N, EI)/GE NU=N K# E)TW=N OU)/PW E)STI/N. @1 @$1*(WS PONHRO\S KAI\ A)/DIKOS EI)/H%10$ TOU=TO SHMEI=ON MEGA/LHS KAI\ DECIA=S FU/SEWS TOU= NE/OU, EI) E)K PAIDO\S PONHROU\S H(GEI=TO TOU\S A)DI/KOUS EI)=NAI, A)PO\ TH=S KOINH=S E)NNOI/AS MO/NON GINW/SKWN TOU=TO. OU) GA\R EI)S DIDASKA/LWN PW TOIOU/TWN E)PEFOITH/KEI, DUNAME/NWN DIDA/CAI TO\ DI/KAION. @$1*SU\ DE\ EI) TU/XOIS A)GNOW=N EI)/T' A)DIKOI=O EI)/TE MH/, KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S%10$ TI/ FHSI; TOU= NE/OU EI)RHKO/TOS "3TI/ GA/R ME PROSH=KE POIEI=N A)DIKOU/MENON H)\ LE/GEIN O(/TI A)DIKOU=MAI;"3 O( *SWKRA/THS LE/GEI, "3EI) DE\ O(/LWS W(S A)GNOW=N TO\ DI/KAION H)GNO/EIS EI)/TE A)DIKH=| EI)/TE MH/, TO/TE LE/GEIS TI/ E)/DEI SE POIEI=N; DH=LON GA\R O(/TI U(PELEI/PETO/ SOI TO\ FILEI=N MANQA/NEIN"3. 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E)PEIDH\ GA\R PROSEXW=S E)LH/LEGKTAI AU(/TH, FHSI\N MH\ KALW=S TOU=TO A)POKRI/NASQAI: "3GINW/SKW GA\R OU)X EU(RW/N, A)LLA\ MAQW/N"3. KAI\ TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS ME/LLONTOS TOI=S AU)TOI=S LO/GOIS XRH=SQAI, O(/TI "3E)N POI/W| XRO/NW|, PARA\ POI/OIS DIDASKA/-LOIS;"3 KAI\ TA\ TOIAU=TA, O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS DIDASKA/LOUS PROBA/LLETAI TOU\S POLLOU\S KAI\ LE/GEI MEMAQHKE/NAI TA\ DI/KAIA PARA\ TW=N POLLW=N. OU) GA\R MO/NWN TW=N DIKAI/WN, FHSI/N, EI)SI\N OU(=TOI DIDA/SKALOI, A)LLA\ KAI\ TOU= E(LLHNI/-ZEIN. W)/|ETO DE\ AU)TOU\S TAU=TA EI)DE/NAI KAI\ DIDA/SKEIN W(S A)/MFW NOMI/ZWN QE/SEI EI)=NAI: TOU/TWN GA\R DESPO/TAI EI)SI\N OI( POLLOI/: KAI\ GA\R GINW/SKOUSIN A(\ TEQEI/KASIN, OI)=ON TA\ O)NO/MATA. OU) MH\N TO\ DI/KAION QE/SEI E)STI/N: DIO\ O( *SWKRA/THS TO\ ME\N E(\N A)PODE/XETAI, TO\ DIDASKA/LOUS EI)=NAI TOU\S POLLOU\S TOU= E(LLHNI/ZEIN, TO\ DE\ E(/TERON OU)DAMW=S, TO\ DIDA/SKEIN TA\ DI/KAIA. @*PRW=TON ME\N GA/R FHSIN: "3PW=S OI( TA\ EU)TELE/STERA KAI\ XEI/RW MH\ GINW/SKONTES, OI(=ON TO\ PETTEU/EIN, TA\ KREI/TTW GINW/SKONTES, OI)=ON TA\ DI/KAIA @1 KAI\ TA\ A)/DIKA, DU/NANTAI PERI\ AU)TW=N DIDA/SKEIN;"3 KAI\ A)/POROS O( LO/GOS OU(=TOS, PW=S O( *SWKRA/THS FHSI\ TOU\S POLLOU\S MH\ EI)DE/NAI TA\ DI/KAIA DIO/TI TA\ XEI/RW MH\ GINW/SKOUSIN. OU)/TE GA\R *(IPPOKRA/THS, E)PEIDH\ TA\ TEKTONIKA\ OU)K H)PI/STATO, DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ TA\ D' STOIXEI=A H)GNO/EI, E)C W(=N E)/FH SUGKEI=SQAI TA\ A)NQRW/PINA SW/MATA: KAI/TOI TAU=TA KREI/TTW TW=N TEKTONIKW=N. PRO\S TOU=TO OU)=N O( *PRO/KLOS OU(/TWS E)PILU/ETAI: FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI OI( TA\ EU)TELE/STERA KAI\ OI)KEIO/TERA MH\ GINW/SKONTES, OU(=TOI OU)DE\ TA\ KREI/TTW GINW/SKOUSIN. O( DE\ *DAMA/SKIOS OU)X OU(/TWS: OU) GA/R FHSIN XREI/AN EI)=NAI TH=S PROSQH/KHS TAU/THS, TOU= EI)PEI=N "3OI)KEIO/TERA"3, A)LL' E)PILU/ETAI LE/GWN OU(/TWS. OI( TA\ EU)TELE/STERA MH\ DUNA/MENOI MANQA/NEIN, OU(=TOI OU)DE\ TA\ KREI/TTW GINW/SKOU-SIN: EU)TELE/STERON DE\ TO\ PETTEU/EIN TOU= TA\ DI/KAIA EI)DE/NAI, TOU=TO DE\ A)GNOOU=SIN: DH=LON O(/TI KAI\ TA\ DI/KAIA A)GNOOU=SIN OI( POLLOI/. @*EI)=TA DE\ E)PI\ TOU/TOIS O( *SWKRA/THS LE/GWN TOU\S POLLOU\S MH\ EI)DE/NAI TA\ DI/KAIA, FHSI\N AU)TOU\S DIAFWNEI=N PERI\ TOU/TOU PRO\S A)LLH/LOUS: A)/LLOI GA\R A)/LLO DI/KAION H(GOU=NTAI. 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DEI= GA\R TOU\S W)FELOUME/NOUS E)K TW=N KAT' A)POTA/DHN LO/GWN LE/GEIN: @<20"3PW=S A)\N SU/ MOI LE/CEIAS A(/ ME XRH\ LE/GEIN;"3>20 AU)TO\N GA\R E)/DEI A)POKRI/NESQAI TAU=TA, I(/NA MH\ E)/CWQEN OI( LO/GOI E)PIPLA/T-TWNTAI DI/KHN A)GGEI/OU A)YU/XOU E)/CWQEN E(AUTOU= TO\ U(/DWR E)/XONTOS, A)LLA\ DEI= A)F' E(AUTOU= PROBA/LLESQAI TOU\S E)LE/GXOUS: OU(/TW GA\R AI( MAQH/SEIS EI)SI\N A)NAMNH/SEIS. @$1*)ALL' A)POKRITE/ON: KAI\ GA\R OU)DE\N OI)=MAI BLABH/SESQAI%10$ W(S EU)FUH\S PA/LIN A)/LLHN A)POFUGH\N EU(RI/SKEI, O(/TI "3A)POKRI/NOMAI, OU)DE\N GA\R OI)/OMAI BLABH/SESQAI"3. O( DE\ A)PODE/XETAI AU)TO\N KAI/ FHSIN $1"3MANTIKO\S EI)="3:$ KAI\ GA\R O( MANTIKO\S EU)STO/XWS E)PIBA/LLEI KAI\ O( EU)FUH\S PERI\ TW=N MELLO/NTWN. E)/MELLEN DE\ OU) MO/NON OU)DE\N BLABH/SESQAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ W)FELHQH/SESQAI. OU)K EI)=PEN DE\ "3MA/NTIS"3, DIO/TI O( MA/NTIS E)PISTH/MWN E)STI/N, O( DE\ MANTIKO\S A)TELH/S @1 E)STIN: W(/SPER OU) TAU)TO\N I)ATRO\S KAI\ I)ATRIKO/S. 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A)LL' E)PEI\ TAU=TA FILOSOFW/TERA [1KAI\ TO\ E)N A)RXH=| DE\ H)|TEI=TO: PO/QEN GA\R O(/TI O( A)/NQRWPOS YUXH/;]1 DEI/KNUSI DIA\ TRIW=N LO/GWN O(/TI TAU)TO\N TO\ DI/KAION KAI\ SUMFE/RON: KAI\ PRW=TON O(/TI PA=N KALO\N SUMFE/RON E)STI/N. KAI\ E)/STIN O( PRW=TOS LO/GOS TOIOU=TOS: "3OU)X E(NI/, TUXO\N TH=| A)NDREI/A|, DU/O TINA\ E(/PETAI, KAI\ TO\ KALO\N KAI\ TO\ KAKO/N, A)LLA\ DU/O DUSI/N. TH=| ME\N GA\R A)NDREI/A| TH=| U(PE\R FI/LOU E(/PETAI TO\ KALO/N, TW=| DE\ QANA/TW| TO\ KAKO/N: OU) TAU)TO\N DE\ A)NDREI/A KAI\ QA/NATOS, EI)/GE MHDE\ PA=S A)NDREI=OS E)N POLE/MW| A)POQNH/|SKEI MHDE\ PA=S E)N POLE/MW| A)POQNH/|SKWN A)NDREI=O/S E)STIN. W(/STE DU/O DUSI\N E(/PETAI KAI\ OU)X E(NI/, TH=| A)NDREI/A|, KAI\ TO\ KAKO\N TO\ E)K TOU= QANA/TOU KAI\ TO\ KALO/N"3. KAI\ TAU=TA/ FHSI SUGXWRW=N O(/TI O( QA/NATOS KAKO/N, DIO/TI PRO\S *)ALKIBIA/DHN TOU\S LO/GOUS POIEI=TAI. @*DEU/TEROS LO/GOS: "3EI) KAI\ DW=MEN O(/TI TH=| A)NDREI/A| W(S A)NDREI/A| DU/O E)PHKOLOU/QHSAN, TO\ KALO\N KAI\ TO\ E)K TOU= QANA/TOU KAKO/N, A)LL' OU)X O( AU)TO\S TRO/POS: TH=| ME\N GA\R A)NDREI/A| W(S A)NDREI/A| E)PHKOLOU/QHSE TO\ KALO/N, KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S DE\ TO\ KAKO/N, TW=| FQEI=RAI TO\ U(POKEI/MENON KAI\ E)A=SAI TH\N A)NDREI/AN W(S A)NDREI/AN. EI) GA\R E)/FQEIREN TH\N A)NDREI/AN W(S A)NDREI/AN, DEILO\S A)\N E)GI/NETO KAI\ OU) QA/NATOS AU)TW=|: H( GA\R DEILI/A FQEI/REI TH\N A)NDREI/AN W(S A)NDREI/AN"3. @*EI)=TA E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA OU)X W(S *SWKRA/THS DIALE/GETAI, A)LL' W(S DI-DA/SKALOS, KAI\ PARA/GGELMA QEOU= PARABAI/NEI TO\ LE/GON <20"3MAIEU/ESQAI/ ME O( QEO\S E)POI/HSEN, GENNA=N DE\ KWLU/EI"3:>20 _NU=N GA\R DIDA/SKEI TAU=TA, A)LL' OU) MAIEU/ETAI, E)/DEI GA\R H(MA=S TOU/TWN A)KOU=SAI A)PO\ *)ALKIBIA/DOU, A)LL' OU)X U(PO\ *SWKRA/TOUS: _KAI\ O(/TI MAI/AS UI(O\S H)=N, META-BA/LLEI TO\ SXH=MA KAI\ AU)TA\ TAU=TA E)RWTW=N TO\N *)ALKIBIA/DHN POIEI= A)PO-KRI/NASQAI. KAI\ GUMNA/ZEI TO\N LO/GON E)PI\ A)NDREI/AS, DIO/TI PRO\S STRATHGIKO\N DIELE/GETO: KAI\ DEI/KNUSIN O(/TI H( A)NDREI/A TI\ KALO\N OU)=SA A)GAQO/N E)STIN. EI)/PER GA\R PRO\S *XARMI/DHN DIELE/GETO TO\N SWFRONE/STATON [1DIO\ KAI\ E)PI-GE/GRAPTAI AU)TW=| DIA/LOGOS <20"3*XARMI/DHS H)\ PERI\ SWFROSU/NHS"3]1,>20 PERI\ SWFROSU/NHS A)\N E)GU/MNASE TO\N LO/GON. E)RWTA=| OU)=N AU)TO\N "3PO/TERON AI(RH=| DEILO\S EI)=NAI H)\ TEQNA/NAI;"3 O( DE\ AI(REI=TAI TEQNA/NAI DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI A)NDREI=OS. KAI\ PA/LIN "3I)/SON H(GEI= TO\ TEQNA/NAI TW=| DEILO\N EI)=NAI;"3 O( DE\ SUGKATATI/QETAI KAI\ E)NTAU=QA, A(MARTA/NWN: A)/MEINON GA\R TEQNA/NAI H)\ DEILO\N EI)=NAI, DIO/TI H( A)NDREI/A EU)= EI)=NAI H(MA=S POIEI=, H( DE\ ZWH\ EI)=NAI: OU)KOU=N KAI\ H( A)PO/PTWSIS XEI/RWN TH=S A)POPTW/SEWS, TO\ KAKW=S TOU= MH\ EI)=NAI. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA FILOSOFW/TERA, PAREA=| TAU=TA O( *SWKRA/THS KAI\ DEI/KNUSIN O(/TI PA=N KALO\N A)GAQO\N E)K TW=N AU)TOU= LO/GWN. KAI\ PA/LAI ME\N PRO\ TH=S MAIEI/AS DEI/KNUSIN O(/TI PA=N KALO\N A)GAQO/N, TOU=TON TO\N TRO/PON: "3H( A)NDREI/A TI\ KALO/N"3 [1TOU=TO GA\R SUNEXW/RHSEN O( NE/OS KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S DIKAIOSU/NHS]1: "3PA=N KALO\N H(=| KALO\N A)GAQO/N"3 [1TOU=TO GA\R E)/DEICEN O( DEU/TEROS SULLO-GISMO\S O( LE/GWN "3KAQ' AU(TO\ TH=| A)NDREI/A| KALH=| OU)/SH| E)PHKOLOU/QHSE TO\ @1 A)GAQO/N, KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S GA\R E)PHKOLOU/QHSE TW=| TINI\ KALW=| O( QA/NATOS, O(/ E)STI KAKO/N"3]1: "3KAI\ E)PEIDH\ TO\ "H(=|" E)PI\ A)NTISTREFO/NTWN LE/GETAI, KAI\ H(=| A)GAQO\N KALO/N E)STI. TA\ AU)TA\ DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ SWFROSU/NHS"3, FHSI/N, "3KAI\ TW=N A)/LLWN A)RETW=N POIH/SANTES E(/COMEN O(/TI PA=N KALO\N H(=| KALO\N A)GAQO/N E)STI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO TAU)TO/N E)STI"3. META\ DE\ TH\N MAIEI/AN A)/LLWS PLE/KEI TO\N SULLOGISMO/N, LE/GWN "3H( A)NDREI/A E)FETO\N TW=| *)ALKIBIA/DH|: PA=N E)FETO\N A)GAQO/N, O(/TI SUNEPITEI/NETAI KAI\ SUNANI/ETAI TW=| A)GAQW=| H( E)/FESIS [1TOU= GA\R MEI/ZONOS A)GAQOU= MEI/ZWN H( E)/FESIS]1: H( A)/RA A)NDREI/A A)GAQO/N: TA\ AU)TA\ DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)/LLWN A)RETW=N: W(/STE PA=N KALO\N A)GAQO/N"3. EI) GA\R H( A)NDREI/A TI\ KALO\N OU)=SA E)FETO/N E)STIN, EI)/GE KAI\ E)RASTO/N E)STI [1TO\ GA\R KALO\N PRO\S TW=| E)/RWTI]1, TO\ DE\ E)FETO\N A)GAQO/N E)STIN, H( A)NDREI/A A)/RA A)GAQO/N E)STI: TA\ DE\ AU)TA\ KAI\ E)PI\ SWFROSU/NHS POIH/SANTES KAI\ DEI/CANTES TI\ A)GAQO\N OU)=SAN TH\N SWFROSU/NHN KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)/LLWN A)RETW=N O(MOI/WS, E(/COMEN O(/TI PA=N KALO\N A)GAQO/N, W(S EI)/RHTAI. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ H( MERIKH\ KATA/-FASIS A)N[2TI]2STRE/FEI PRO\S E(AUTH/N, DE/DEIKTAI DE\ PA=N KALO/N, KAI\ TO\ E)K TW=N MERIKW=N KATAFATIKW=N XU/MA, A)GAQO/N, KAI\ TO\ O(/LON XU/MA A)NTISTRE/FEI. @*)EF' OI(=S DEI/KNUSI KAI\ DIA\ TRI/TOU SULLOGISMOU= O(/TI PA=N [2KALO\N]2 A)GAQO\N KAI\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN: KAI\ KE/XRHTAI DEI/CEI H(\N W)FELH/QH *)ARISTOTE/LHS E)N TH=| *PERI\ OU)RANOU=. LABW\N GA\R DU/O A)NTIQE/SEIS KAI\ TOU/TWN E(KA/TERON SKE/LOS E(KATE/RW| TH=S LOIPH=S A)NTIQE/SEWS A)NTISTRE/FON, DEI/KNUSIN O(/TI AI( DIAGW/NIOI OU) DU/NANTAI SUNALHQEU=SAI. EI)SI\ DE\ AI( DU/O A)NTIQE/SEIS AU(=TAI: GENHTO/N, A)GE/NHTON: FQARTO/N, A)/FQARTON. E)PEI\ OU)=N DE/DEIKTAI O(/TI TO\ GENHTO\N TW=| FQARTW=| A)NTISTRE/FEI [1PA=N GA\R GENHTO\N FQARTO/N E)STI KAI\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN]1, O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S A)/LLHS SUZUGI/AS [1PA=N A)GE/NHTON A)/FQARTON KAI\ PA=N A)/FQARTON A)GE/NHTON]1, OU) DU/NANTAI E)PI\ TW=N DIAGWNI/WN A)LHQEU=SAI, OI)=ON FQARTO\N KAI\ A)GE/NHTON: EI) GA\R SUNALHQEU/SWSIN, E)PEIDH\ DE/DEIKTAI PA=N FQARTO\N GENHTO/N, E)/STAI TI\ GENHTO\N A)GE/NHTON, KAI\ SUNALH-QEU/SEI H( A)NTI/FASIS. TAU/TH| TH=| A)PODEI/CEI KE/XRHTAI E)NTAU=QA O( *PLA/TWN LABW\N DU/O A)NTIQE/SEIS: A)GAQO/N, KAKO/N: KALO/N, AI)SXRO/N: KAI\ DEI/CAS O(/TI A)NTISTRE/FEI TO\ A)GAQO\N TW=| KALW=| KAI\ TO\ KAKO\N TW=| AI)SXRW=|, DEI/KNUSI MH\ DUNA/MENON EI)=NAI/ TI KALO\N KAKO/N. EI) GA\R H)=|, E)PEIDH\ DE/DEIKTAI O(/TI TO\ KALO\N @1 A)GAQO/N E)STIN, E)/STAI TI A)GAQO\N KAKO/N, O(/PER A)DU/NATON. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. @$1*KAI/ MOI LE/GE: TW=N DIKAI/WN FH\|S E)/NIA ME\N SUMFE/REIN, E)/NIA DE\ OU)/;$ TI/S O( SKOPO\S TH=S PRA/CEWS; DEI=CAI DIA\ TRIW=N LO/GWN O(/TI TAU)TO/N E)STI DI/KAION KAI\ SUMFE/RON: DEI/KNUSI DE\ TOU=TO DIA\ TH=S A)NTISTROFH=S DIKAI/OU KAI\ SUMFE/RONTOS. KAI\ SKO/PEI O(/TI OU)K H)RW/THSEN AU)TO\N O(/TI EI) MHDE\N TW=N DIKAI/WN OI)/ETAI SUMFE/RON EI)=NAI, A)LLA\ TO\ PIQANW/TERON MA=LLON, O(/TI EI) TI\ DI/KAION OI)/ETAI SUMFE/RON, TI\ DE\ OU)/. KAI\ PROA/GEI TO\N SULLOGISMO\N E)KEI=NON, O(/TI "3PA=N DI/KAION KALO/N"3, KAI\ TAU/TH| SUGXWREI=: TH=| DE\ MEI/ZONI TH=| LEGOU/SH| "3KAI\ PA=N KALO\N SUMFE/RON"3 MA/XETAI. @$1*PW=S TOU=TO E)RWTA=|S;$ OU) MA/THN A)MFE/BALLEN O( NE/OS, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ O( *SWKRA/THS DU/O EI)=PEN, DI/KAIA KAI\ SUMFE/RONTA, KAI\ H)RW/THSEN EI) TOU/TWN TINA\ ME\N KALA/ E)STI, TINA\ DE\ AI)SXRA/, A)MFE/BALLE PRO\S TI/ A)POKRI/NETAI. @$1*EI)/ TIS H)/DH SOI E)/DOCEN AI)SXRA\ ME/N, DI/KAIA DE\ PRA/TTEIN;$ I)DOU\ E)RWTA=| AU)TO\N TH\N E)LA/TTONA, KAI\ DI/DWSIN W(S FILO/TIMOS O( NE/OS O(/TI PA=N DI/KAION KALO/N. @$1*)/ENIA TW=N KALW=N KAKA\ EI)=NAI%10$ I)DOU\ TH=| MEI/ZONI MA/XETAI, O(/TI OU) PA=N KALO\N A)GAQO/N, DIA\ TA\ E)N POLE/MW| TRAU/MATA. @$1*OU)KOU=N TH\N TOIAU/THN BOH/QEIAN KALH\N ME\N LE/GEIS%10$ TA\ AU)TA\ DH\ H)=N DUNATO\N KAI\ E)PI\ SWFROSU/NHS EI)PEI=N, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ PRO\S STRATHGIKO\N O( LO/GOS, TOIOU=TON EI)=PEN PARA/DEIGMA. H( GA\R *(IPPOLU/TOU SWFROSU/NH KALO\N ME/N, OU) MH\N A)GAQH/, DIA\ TO\N QA/NATON. @$1*)=ARA OU)=N OU)K A)/LLO ME\N H( A)NDREI/A, A)/LLO DE\ O( QA/NATOS;$ H( PRW/TH LU/SIS, O(/TI DU/O DUSI\N E)PHKOLOU/QHSEN, OU) DU/O E(NI/: OU) GA\R TAU)TO\N A)NDREI/A KAI\ QA/NATOS. @$1*(/ORA TOI/NUN EI), H(=| GE KALO/N, KAI\ A)GAQO/N%10$ O( DEU/TEROS SULLOGISMO\S O( LE/GWN O(/TI "3EI) KAI\ DW=MEN O(/TI E(NI\ KAI\ TW=| AU)TW=| PRA/GMATI, OI)=ON TH=| A)NDREI/A|, KAI\ TO\ KALO\N KAI\ TO\ KAKO\N TO\ E)K TOU= QANA/TOU E)PHKOLOU/QHSEN, A)LL' OU)X W(SAU/TWS, A)LLA\ TH=| ME\N A)NDREI/A| W(S A)NDREI/A| TO\ KALO/N, KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S DE\ TO\ KAKO/N, DIA\ TO\ A)FEI=NAI TOU=TO KAI\ MA/XESQAI TW=| U(PO-KEIME/NW|"3. DIO/ FHSIN: "3SKO/PEI [2EI)]2, H(=| [4KAQO\]4 KALO/N E)STI, KAI\ A)GAQO/N E)STI"3 [1TOU=TO DE\ TO\ "3H(=|"3 E)PI\ A)NTISTREFO/NTWN LE/GETAI]1, "3W(/SPER KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= PARO/NTOS PARADEI/GMATOS TH=S A)NDREI/AS. PA/LAI GA\R DU/O PRA/GMATA DUSI\N E)LE/GETO ME\N A)KOLOUQEI=N, NU=N DE\ DU/O E(NI/: TH=| GA\R A)NDREI/A| TO\ KALO\N KAQ' AU(TO/, KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S DE\ TO\ KAKO/N. SKO/PEI OU)=N, EI) TO\ KALO\N TOU=TO A)GAQO/N E)STIN H)\ KAKO/N"3. @$1*(=WDE DE\ [2SKO/PEI:]2 PO/TERON A)\N DE/CAIO/ SOI EI)=NAI A)GAQA\ H)\ KAKA/;$ METABA/LLEI TO\N LO/GON E)PI\ TH\N MAIEI/AN, I(/NA MH\ PARA/GGELMA TOU= QEOU= PARABAI/NH|: <20"3MAIEU/ESQAI GA/R ME"3,>20 FHSI/N, <20"3O( QEO\S E)POI/HSEN, GENNA=N DE\ A)POKWLU/EI"3>20. KAI\ E)RWTA=| AU)TO\N TO\N SULLOGISMO\N LE/GWN O(/TI "3H( A)NDREI/A E)FETO/N: PA=N TO\ E)FETO\N A)GAQO/N, DIO/TI SUNEPITEI/NETAI TAU=TA A)LLH/LOIS [1TW=| GA\R MEI/ZONI A)GAQW=| MEI/ZWN E)/FESI/S E)STIN]1: H( A)NDREI/A A)/RA A)GAQO/N"3. TA\ AU)TA\ DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)/LLWN KALW=N GUMNA/SANTES, DIO/TI @1 A)/QROISMA TW=N A)RETW=N TO\ KA/LLOS_OI)=ON E)PI\ SWFROSU/NHS: "3H( GA\R TOU= *(IPPOLU/TOU SWFROSU/NH KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S KAKH/ E)STIN, DIO/TI E)PHKOLOU/-QHSE QA/NATOS"3_ @$1*)EC I)/SOU TOU= TEQNA/NAI%10$ I)DOU\ E)NTAU=QA A(MARTA/NEI O( NE/OS: XEI=RON GA/R E)STI TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI TOU= KAKW=S EI)=NAI. @$1*TO\ A)/RA BOHQEI=N E)N POLE/MW|%10$ E)NTEU=QEN TO\ PRW=TON E)PIXEI/RHMA/ FHSIN, O(/TI DU/O PRA/GMASI DU/O E)PHKOLOU/QHSE, QANA/TW| GA\R KAI\ A)NDREI/A| KALO\N KAI\ KAKO/N, DIA\ MAIEI/AS. @$1*OU)KOU=N W(=DE DI/KAION PROSAGOREU/EIN E(KA/STHN TW=N PRA/CEWN%10$ TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI "3TO\ KALO\N H(=| KALO\N A)GAQO/N E)STIN"3. @$1*)=ARA OU)=N KAI\ H(=| A)GAQO\N KALO/N E)STIN%10$ TH=| A)NTISTROFH=| XRH=TAI NU=N, O(/TI, E)PEIDH\ TO\ "3H(=|"3 E)PI\ A)NTISTREFO/NTWN LE/GETAI, KAI\ H(=| A)GAQO\N KALO/N E)STI. @$1*KALH\N ME\N EI)=NAI, KAKH\N DE/%10$ E)NTEU=QEN TO\N TRI/TON SULLOGISMO/N FHSI TO\N E)K TW=N DU/O A)NTIQE/SEWN, O(\N W)FELH/QH O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS. KAI/ FHSIN O(/TI "3TH\N PRA=CIN TH\N KALH/N, KAKH\N DE/, FAI/NH| ME\N MH\ LE/GWN A)NTI/FASIN, DUNA/MEI DE\ A)NTIFA/SKEIS SAUTW=|, DIO/TI OU)DE\N A)/LLO FH\|S H)\ TO\ KAKO\N A)GAQO/N, DIA\ TO\ A)NTISTRE/FEIN TO\ KALO\N TW=| A)GAQW=| KAI\ PA=N KALO\N EI)=NAI A)GAQO/N"3. {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| ID#}1 @$1*)/ETI TOI/NUN KAI\ W(=DE SKE/YAI: O(/STIS KALW=S PRA/TTEI.$ @*)EPEIDH\ E)/DEICEN O( *SWKRA/THS PA=N KALO\N A)GAQO\N PARADEI/GMATI XRHSA/MENOS TH=| A)NDREI/A| [1E)/LEGE GA\R "3TO\ KALO\N H(=| KALO\N E)FETO/N E)STI: PA=N E)FETO\N A)GAQO/N E)STI: PA=N A)/RA KALO\N A)GAQO/N"3]1, TH\N DE\ A)NDREI/AN TI\ KALO\N E)DI/DOU O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS, H( A)NDREI/A A)/RA A)GAQO/N. TO\ DE\ AU)TO\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)/LLWN A)RETW=N POIH/SANTES, E)PEIDH\ OI(=ON A)/QROISMA KAI\ OI(=ON A)/NQOS TW=N A)RETW=N E)STI\N TO\ KALO/N, E(/COMEN O(/TI KAI\ PA=N KALO\N A)GAQO/N. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N KAI\ PRO\ *)ARISTOTE/LOUS H)/|DEI O(/TI A)SQENH/S E)STIN H( DIA\ TW=N KAQ' E(/KASTA A)PO/DEICIS, BOU/LETAI KAI\ DIA\ TOU= KAQO/LOU LO/GOU DEI=CAI TOU=TO: KAI\ LAMBA/NEI KAQOLIKA\S PROTA/SEIS, DI' W(=N DEI/KNUSIN O(/TI PA=N KALO\N A)GAQO\N KAI\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN. KAI\ E)/STIN O( SULLOGISMO\S TOIOU=TOS: "3O( KALA\ PRA/TTWN EU)= PRA/TTEI: O( EU)= PRA/TTWN EU)DAIMONI/AN E)/XEI: O( EU)DAIMONI/AN E)/XWN A)GAQA\ PRA/TTEI: O( A)/RA KALA\ PRA/TTWN A)GAQA\ PRA/TTEI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO TO\ KALO\N A)/RA A)GAQO/N"3. KAI\ TOU/TWN R(HQE/NTWN U(PO\ TOU= *PLA/TWNOS POLLH\N A)/DEIAN EU(RI/SKOUSIN OI( DIASU/REIN TO\N SULLOGISMO\N TOU=TON BOULO/MENOI, LE/GONTES O(/TI "3TI/ DIAFE/ROUSIN AI( PROTA/SEIS A)LLH/LWN; TI/ GA\R DIAFE/REI TO\ TA\ KALA\ PRA/TTEIN TOU= EU)= PRA/TTEIN; H)\ TO\ EU)= PRA/TTEIN TOU= EU)DAIMONEI=N;"3 LE/GOMEN DE\ H(MEI=S PRO\S TO\ PRW=TON O(/TI OU) TAU)TO\N TO\ KALW=S PRA/TTEIN TW=| EU)= @1 PRA/TTEIN. TO\ ME\N GA\R EU)= ME/SON E)STI\ TOU= A)GAQOU= KAI\ TOU= KALOU=: A)PO/R-ROIA GA\R KAI\ OI(=ON E)/LLAMYI/S E)STI TOU= A)GAQOU= E)PI\ TO\ KALO\N TO\ EU)=, A)RXO/MENON ME\N A)PO\ TOU= A)GAQOU=, TELEUTW=N DE\ EI)S TO\ KALO/N. DIO\ KAI\ TO\ KALO\N "3EU)="3 LE/GETAI, FAME\N GA\R TOU\S KALW=S LE/GONTAS EU)= LE/GEIN. A)LLA\ KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= A)GAQOU= FE/RETAI TO\ "3EU)="3, DIO\ KAI\ TOU\S PROSHNEI=S H(MI=N KAI\ A)GAQA\ H(MI=N QE/LONTAS "3EU)/NOUS"3 H(MI=N FAME/N. KAI\ W(S E)FETO\N E(KA/TERON TO\ EU)= E)/XEI: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ TO\ KALO\N E)FETO/N E)STIN W(S KALOU=N E)F' E(AUTO\ KAI\ TO\ A)GAQO\N W(S A)/GAN QEI=N E)PI\ AU)TO\ POIOU=N PA/NTAS. DIO\ KAI\ O( DAIMO/NIOS *)ARISTOTE/LHS A)RXH\N U(POQE/MENOS OU) TO\ PRW=TON AI)/TION, A)LLA\ TO\N NOU=N, E)N TH=| *META\ TA\ FUSIKA\ PERI\ AU)TOU= DIALEGO/MENOS E)/LEGEN DITTO\N EI)=NAI TO\ EU)=, TO\ ME\N E)N TW=| STRATHGW=|, TO\ DE\ E)N TW=| STRATOPE/DW|, KAI\ AI)/TION EI)=NAI TO\ E)N TW=| STRATHGW=| TOU= E)N TW=| STRATOPE/DW|: OU(/TWS W)|KEI/WTAI TW=| KALW=| TO\ EU)=, OI)KEI=ON GA\R TW=| NW=| TO\ KALO/N. EI) GA\R PERI\ TOU= A)GAQOU= TO\N LO/GON E)POIEI=TO, OU)K A)\N TO\ EU)= PARELA/MBANEN, DIO/TI U(PE\R TOU=TO/ E)STI TO\ PRW=TON. A)LLA\ KAI\ H( DEUTE/RA OU)K E)/STIN H( AU)TH/, A)/LLO GA/R E)STI TO\ EU)= PRA/TTEIN PARA\ TO\ EU)DAIMONEI=N: TO\ ME\N GA\R W(S AU)TOKINH/TOIS A(RMO/TTEI [1TO\ GA\R KATA\ A)RETH\N ZH=SAI AU)TOKINHSI/AS I)/DION]1, TO\ DE\ EU)DAIMONEI=N A)/NWQEN H(MI=N E)FH/KEI TOI=S KAT' A)RETH\N ZH/SASI: TOI=S GA\R E)PITHDEI/OUS E(AUTOU\S POIH/SASIN H( QEO/QEN E)/LLAMYIS PARAGI/NETAI, H(/TIS EU)DAIMONI/A E)STI/, KAI\ KREI=TTON TO\ TOIOU=TON E(TEROKI/NHTON TOU= AU)TOKINH/TOU: KREI=TTON GA\R TO\ QEO/QEN A)/GESQAI H)\ U(F' E(AUTW=N. @*EI)=TA E)PISUNA/PTEI TOI=S EI)RHME/NOIS DU/O PROTA/SEIS KAI\ OU(/TWS SUNA/GEI TO\ PROKEI/MENON, A)/NWQEN MI/AN KAI\ KA/TWQEN. KA/TWQEN ME/N, O(/TI O( TA\ A)GAQA\ POIW=N SUMFE/RONTA POIEI= [1TAU)TO\N GA/R E)STIN A)GAQO\N KAI\ SUMFE/RON]1: A)/NWQEN DE/, DIO/TI O( TA\ DI/KAIA POIW=N KALA\ POIEI= [1TOU=TO GA\R H)=N SUGXW-RH/SAS O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS, "3PA=N DI/KAION KALO/N"3]1: KAI\ SUNA/GEI O(/TI "3OU)KOU=N KAI\ PA=N DI/KAION SUMFE/RON"3. @*EI)=TA MI/AN TW=N PROTA/SEWN TW=N R(HQEISW=N METACU\ A)NTISTRE/FEI LE/GWN "3KAI\ O( EU)= PRA/TTWN KALA\ PRA/TTEI"3. TOU=TO DE\ POIEI= E)NDEIKNU/MENOS O(/TI PA=SAI AI( PROTA/SEIS A)NTISTRE/FOUSIN KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ TO\ SUMPE/RASMA. PROE/QETO ME\N GA\R DEI=CAI O(/TI OU) MO/NON PA=N DI/KAION SUMFE/RON, A)LLA\ KAI\ PA=N SUMFE/RON DI/KAION, I(/NA H)=| H( A)NTISTROFH\ AU(/TH: "3TO\ SUMFE/RON A)GAQO/N: TO\ A)GAQO\N EU)DAIMONI/AN POIEI=: TO\ EU)DAIMONI/AN POIOU=N EU)PRACI/A U(PA/RXEI: TO\ TOIOU=TON KALA\ PRA/TTEIN E)STI/: TO\ TOIOU=TO DIKAIOSU/NH U(PA/RXEI: TO\ A)/RA SUMFE/RON DI/KAIO/N E)STI"3. @1 @*KAI\ OU(/TW PROELQO/NTOS TOU= *SWKRATIKOU= LO/GOU O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS A)PALLAGEI\S TH=S DIPLH=S A)MAQI/AS, MH/PW DE\ E)PI\ A(PLH=N A)MAQI/AN E)LQW/N, A)LL' E)N MEQORI/W| DIPLH=S A)MAQI/AS W)\N KAI\ A(PLH=S, O(MOLOGEI= MH\ EI)DE/NAI POI/OIS SUGKATAQE/SQAI, EI)/TE TOU/TOIS EI)/TE E)KEI/NOIS. FHSI\ GA\R <20"3OU)K OI)=DA O(/ TI LE/GW: POTE\ ME\N GA\R E(/TERA/ MOI DOKEI=, POTE\ DE\ <20A)/LLA"3: ME/SON DE/ E)STI TOU=TO A(PLH=S A)GNOI/AS [1TOUTE/STI TOU= EI)DE/NAI O(/TI OU)K OI)=DEN]1 KAI\ DIPLH=S [1TOUTE/STI TOU= OI)/ESQAI BEBAI/WS O(/TI OI)=DE]1, TO\ POTE\ ME\N OI)/ESQAI, POTE\ DE\ MH\ OI)/ESQAI, W(/SPER H( DO/CA ME/SH E)STI\ DIPLH=S A)GNOI/AS KAI\ E)PISTH/MHS. E)KEI/NWN GA\R E)K DIAME/TROU A)NTIKEIME/NWN A)LLH/LOIS O( DOCASTIKO\S EI)DW\S ME\N TO\ O(/TI, A)GNOW=N DE\ TH\N AI)TI/AN, E)N MEQORI/W| PW/S E)STI. DIO\ KAI\ E)LE/GETO O(/TI OU)DE\N DIAFE/REI TOU= E)PISTH/MONOS, EI) MH\ TH=| AI)TI/A|: PA/NTA GA\R TA\ AU)TA\ POIEI=, W(/SPER O( E)MPEIRIKO\S I)ATRO\S TA\ AU)TA\ POIEI= TW=| LOGIKW=| I)ATRW=|. @*)EF' OI(=S BOULO/MENOS O( *SWKRA/THS TELEI/WS A)PALLAGH=NAI TO\N *)ALKI-BIA/DHN TH=S DIPLH=S A)GNOI/AS KATATRE/XEI TAU/THS KAI\ E)KTRAGW|DEI= AU)TH/N, LE/GWN AU)TH\N PLA/NHS AI)TI/AN, A(MARTA/DOS AI)TI/AN, AI)SXISTOTA/THN. <20AI)SXI/STH>20 ME\N GA\R H( A(PLH= A)/GNOIA, <20AI)SXISTOTA/TH>20 DE\ AU(/TH H)\ <20E)PONEIDISTOTA/TH.>20 E)KEI/NH| GA\R <20E)PONEIDISTOTA/TH,>20 PLA/NHS ME\N GA\R AI)TI/A: DIO/TI OU)/TE O( EI)DW\S TH\N O(DO\N PLANA=TAI OU)/TE O( MH\ EI)DW\S GINW/SKWN O(/TI OU)K OI)=DEN: OU(=TOS GA\R OU)DE\ E)PIXEIRH/SOI POREU/ESQAI TAU/THN, A)LL' O( MH\ EI)DW/S, OI)O/MENOS DE\ EI)DE/NAI. OU(=TOS DE\ KAI\ A(MARTHMA/TWN E)STI\N AI)/TIOS: E)PIXEIREI= GA\R KAI\ A)/LLOUS DIDA/SKEIN A(\ MH\ OI)=DE KAI\ MOXQHRA\S DO/CAS E)NTI/QHSIN AU)TOI=S. <20"3AI)SXISTOTA/THN"3>20 DE/ FHSIN AU)TH/N, DIO/TI KAI\ H( A(PLH= A)/GNOIA AI)SXI/STH W(S A)/GNOIA OU)=SA. H( GA\R A)/GNOIA AI)=SXOS POIEI= TH=| YUXH=|: A)/LLO DE\ AI)=SXOS KAI\ A)/LLO NO/SOS. TO\ ME\N GA\R AI)=SXOS E)N TW=| LO/GW| MO/NW| QEWREI=TAI, H( DE\ PONHRI/A NO/SOS OU)=SA TH=S YUXH=S OU)K E)N E(NI\ MORI/W| MO/NW|, OI)=ON E)N TW=| LO/GW| [1OU) GA\R E)N E(NI\ H( NO/SOS, W(/S FHSIN O( *(IPPO-KRA/THS: <20"3EI) GA\R E(\N H)=N O( A)/NQRWPOS, OU)K A)\N H)/LGEEN"3]1,>20 A)LL' E)N TH=| DIAMA/XH| TW=N MORI/WN TH=S YUXH=S. AU(/TH DE\ <20AI)SXISTOTA/TH>20 W(S DIPLH=| A)GNOOU=SA KAI\ <20E)PONEIDISTOTA/TH,>20 DIO/TI O)NEIDI/ZOMEN OU) TOU\S MH\ E)/XONTAS, A)LLA\ TOU\S E)/XONTAS KAI\ MH\ XRWME/NOUS H)\ TOU\S KAKW=S @1 XRWME/NOUS. OU(/TWS KAI\ H( A(PLH= A)MAQI/A <20E)PONEI/DISTO/S>20 E)STI, DIO/TI O( E)/XWN TAU/THN E)/XWN TOU\S LO/GOUS SUNOUSIWME/NOUS OU) XRH=TAI AU)TOI=S: <20E)PONEIDISTO/TATOS>20 DE\ O( KAI\ E)/XWN KAI\ KAKW=S TOU/TOIS XRW/MENOS, W(S E)PI\ DIPLH=S A)MAQI/AS. <20"3KAKOURGOTA/TH"3>20 DE/ E)STI, DIO/TI SPOUDA/ZEI PARALOGI/ZESQAI KAI\ PEI/QEIN PERI\ W(=N OU)K OI)=DEN. KAI\ E)CE/PESEN O( E)/XWN TAU/THN KAI\ YUXH=S KAI\ NOU= KAI\ QEOU=. W(S ME\N GA\R DIPLH=| A)MAQAI/NWN, YUXH=S, H(=S OI)KEI/A H( GNW=SI/S E)STIN: W(S DE\ <20AI)/SXISTOS,>20 NOU= E)CE/PESEN, W(S MH\ DUNA/MENOS E)PISTRE/YAI PRO\S E(AUTO/N, O(\ I)/DION NOU=, KAI\ O(/TI OI)KEI=ON TO\ KALO\N TW=| NW=|: E)CE/PESEN OU)=N AU)TOU= W(S AI)/SXISTOS: W(S DE\ <20KAKOURGO-TA/TH KAI\ E)PONEI/DISTOS>20 E)CE/PESE QEOU=, W(=| OI)KEI/A H( A(PLO/THS, E)C OU(= E)FH/KEI KAI\ TO\ EU)=. TO\ GA\R "3EU)="3 PRO/SRHMA/ E)STIN A(PLO/THTOS, DIO\ KAI\ TOU\S A(PLOU=S TOU\S TRO/POUS EU)H/QEIS FAME/N. "3KAI\ PW=S SUMBOULEU/SEIS, W)= *)ALKIBIA/DH, FILO/TIMOS QE/LWN EI)=NAI, <20E)PONEI/DISTOS>20 W)/N; KAI\ KA/L-LISTOS QE/LWN EI)=NAI, <20AI)/SXISTOS>20 W)/N; TO\ SUMFE/RON QE/LWN EI)DE/NAI KAI\ SUMBOULEU/EIN, <20KAKOURGO/TATOS>20 W)/N;"3 I)STE/ON DE\ [2O(/TI]2 W(S E)PONEI-DISTO/TATOS E)CE/PESEN QEOU= KAI\ W(S MAKARI/OU: "3MAKA/RIOS"3 GA\R EI)/RHTAI OU(= KH=RES OU)K E)FA/PTONTAI, DIO\ KAI\ A)NTI/KEITAI TW=| MAKARI/W| TO\ E)PONEI/DISTON E)N TW=| @<20"3O( GA\R MAKA/RIOS, KOU)K O)NEIDI/ZW TU/XAS"3.>20 TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. @$1*)/ETI TOI/NUN KAI\ W(=DE SKE/YAI%10$ DIA\ TOU= <20"3E)/TI"3>20 E)DH/LWSEN O(/TI TO\ AU)TO\ BOU/LETAI KATASKEUA/SAI KAI\ DIA\ A)/LLOU LO/GOU. PA/LAI ME\N GA\R DIA\ TW=N KAQ' E(/KASTA TOU=TO KATESKEU/ASEN, NU=N DE\ DIA\ TW=N KAQO/LOU PROTA/SEWN. @$1*(/OSTIS KALW=S, OU)K EU)= PRA/TTEI;$ TH\N PRW/THN PRO/TASI/N FHSIN, O(/TI O( TA\ KALA\ PRA/TTWN EU)= PRA/TTEI. OU)K E)PEIDH\ DE\ TAU)TO\N EI)=NAI/ FHSI DI/KAION KAI\ SUMFE/RON DIA\ ME/SOU TOU= KALOU=, H)/DH TA\ AU)TA\ A)/NTIKRUS BOU/LETAI EI)=NAI [1A)/LLH GA\R FU/SIS TOU= A)GAQOU= KAI\ A)/LLH TOU= KALOU=: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ A)/NWQEN E)PANABE/BHKEN TO\ A)GAQO\N TOU= KALOU= KAI\ KA/TWQEN DIA\ TH\N U(/LHN AI)SXRA\N OU)=SAN, METASXOU=SAN DE\ TOU= A)GAQOU=]1, A)LL' O(/TI W(S E)N A)NQRW/PW| A)NTISTRE/FOUSIN: TW=| GA\R U(POKEIME/NW| A)NTISTRE/FOUSIN. W(/SPER GA/R FAMEN TO\N A)/NQRWPON MHDE\N DIAFE/REIN TOU= GELASTIKOU=, OU)X O(/TI TO\ AU)TO/ E)STIN, A)LL' O(/TI OU)DE\N E)KPE/FEUGEN TO\ U(POKEI/MENON TOU= A)NQRW/POU OU(= TO\ GELASTI- @1KO\N MH\ KATHGORH=TAI, OU(/TWS KAI\ TAU=TA W(S E)N A)NQRW/PW| A)NTISTRE/FEI. KAI\ O(/TI TO\ E)N A)NQRW/PW| DI/KAION LAMBA/NEI KAI\ A)GAQO/N, DH=LON, EI)/GE KAI\ A)NWTE/RW E)/LEGEN PERI\ A)NDREI/AS, O(/TI AU(/TH A)GAQO/N: KAI\ E)NTAU=QA DE/ FHSIN O(/TI OI( TA\ KALA\ PRA/TTONTES EU)= PRA/TTOUSIN KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO EU)DAI/MONES KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO A)GAQA\ PRA/TTOUSI, TO\ DE\ PRA/TTEIN YUXW=N E)STI\ KAI\ TO\ EU)DAI-MONEI=N KAI\ TO\ EU)= PRA/TTEIN: KAI\ O(/TI E)N TH=| LE/CEI FHSI\N <20"3E)/K GE TOU/TOU TOU= LO/GOU>20 TAU)TO/N E)STI KALO\N KAI\ A)GAQO/N"3, A)NTI\ TOU= "3KATA\ TO\ U(POKEI/MENON TA\ AU)TA/ E)STI TW=| MHDE\N E)KFEU/GEIN TO\ U(POKEI/MENON"3. KAI\ OU(/TW ME\N O( FILO/SOFOS *PRO/KLOS: O( DE/ GE *DAMA/SKIOS KAI\ A)/LLWS AU)TO\ E)CHGEI=TAI, O(/TI OU)DE\ EI) KATA\ TO\ U(POKEI/MENON TAU)TA/ E)STI TO\ KALO\N KAI\ TO\ DI/KAION KAI\ SUMFE/RON, H)/DH KAI\ KATA\ TH\N I)DIO/THTA TA\ AU)TA/ E)STIN, A)LLA\ MEI/NANTA A)SU/GXUTA KATA\ TH\N I)DIO/THTA E(AUTW=N A)NTISTRE/FOUSI, KAI\ H(=| A)NTISTRE/FOUSI LE/GONTAI TA\ AU)TA\ EI)=NAI. W(/SPER GA\R AI( A)RETAI\ A)SU/GXUTON FULA/CASAI TH\N I)DIO/THTA E(AUTW=N A)NTISTRE/FOUSIN: OU) GA\R E)PEIDH\ A)NTISTRE/FOUSIN AI( AU)TAI/ EI)SIN, OU)DE\ E)PEIDH\ A)NTISTRE/FEI TO\ GELASTIKO\N TW=| A)NQRW/PW| TO\ AU)TO/ E)STIN, A)LLA\ A)NTISTRE/YAN E)/MEINEN E(KA/TERON KATA\ TH\N OI)KEI/AN I)DIO/THTA: OU(/TWS OU)DE\ TO\ A)GAQO\N KAI\ TO\ KALO\N TAU)TA/ E)STIN, EI) KAI\ A)NTISTRE/FEI. DIO\ KAI\ H( LE/CIS FHSI\N "3PA=N O(\ A)\N EI)/H TOIOU=TON"3, A)NTI\ TOU= "3TA\ AU)TA\ O)/NTA KATA\ TO\ U(POKEI/MENON DIAFE/REI KATA\ TH\N I)DIO/THTA"3. @$1*OI( DE\ EU)= PRA/TTONTES OU)K EU)DAI/MONES;$ H( DEUTE/RA PRO/TASIS: KAI\ EI)/RHNTAI AI( A)PORI/AI AI( PRO\S TAU/THN KAI\ AI( LU/SEIS. @$1*KTW=NTAI DE\ TAU=TA TW=| EU)= KAI\ KALW=S PRA/TTEIN;$ SUNE/XEEN AU)TA/, TO\ EU)= PRA/TTEIN KAI\ KALW=S PRA/TTEIN: TOU=TO DE\ OU) MA/THN, A)LL' O(/TI ME/SON E)STI\ TO\ EU)= TOU= KALOU= KAI\ TOU= A)GAQOU= KAI\ E)FH/KEI A)PO\ TOU= A)GAQOU= E)PI\ TO\ KALO\N TO\ EU)=, KAI\ DESMO/S E)STI. DIO\ KAI\ DE/ON E)N TW=| SUMPERA/SMATI EI)PEI=N "3O( A)/RA KALW=S PRA/TTWN A)GAQA\ PRA/TTEI"3, FHSI\N A)NTI\ TOU/TOU <20"3TO\ EU)= A)/RA PRA/TTEIN A)GAQO/N E)STIN"3>20 W(S PA/NTA TAU=TA EI)DW/S. @$1*OU)KOU=N KALO\N H( EU)PRAGI/A;$ I)DOU\ E)NTAU=QA A)NTISTRE/FEI MI/AN PRO/-TASIN E)/NNOIAN H(MI=N DIDOU\S KAI\ TA\S A)/LLAS A)NTISTRE/FEIN KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO PA=N SUMFE/RON [2DI/KAION]2 EI)=NAI: TOU=TO GA\R PROE/KEITO DEI=CAI. A)NTE/STREYE GA\R EI)PW\N "3H( EU)PRAGI/A KALO/N E)STI"3. @$1*TAU)TO\N A)/RA E)FA/NH H(MI=N PA/LIN%10$ OU) MA/THN TO\ <20"3PA/LIN"3,>20 A)LL' O(/TI DE/DEIKTAI TOU=TO H)/DH KAI\ DIA\ TW=N KAQ' E(/KASTA SULLOGISMW=N, NU=N DE\ DIA\ TH=S KAQO/LOU PROTA/SEWS. @$1*(/O TI OU)=N A)\N EU(/RWMEN KALO/N, KAI\ A)GAQO\N EU(RH/SOMEN E)/K GE TOU/TOU TOU= LO/GOU%10$ I)DOU\ PW=S SUMFW/NWS E)CHGH/SATO O( FILO/SOFOS *PRO/KLOS. FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI "3PA=N O(\ A)\N EU(/RWMEN KALO/N, KAI\ A)GAQO\N EU(RH/SOMEN"3 A)NTI\ TOU= O(/TI "3A)NTISTRE/FEI DIA\ TO\ U(POKEI/MENON"3. OU)DE\ GA\R E)KFEU/GEI TI TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU TH=| DIKAIOSU/NH| W(=| MH\ U(PA/RXH| TO\ A)GAQO/N. XA/RIS GA\R TW=| FILOSO/FW| OU(/TW TAU=TA E)CHGHSAME/NW|. @1 @$1*TI/ DE/; TA\ A)GAQA\ SUMFE/RONTA;$ E)NTEU=QEN PROSTI/QHSI TA\S A)/LLAS DU/O PROTA/SEIS: PRW/THN ME\N TH\N KA/TWQEN, O(/TI "3TA\ A)GAQA\ SUMFE/REI"3, U(/STERON DE\ TH\N A)/NWQEN, O(/TI "3TA\ DI/KAIA W(MOLO/GHSAS KALA\ EI)=NAI"3. 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W(/SPER GA/R EI)SI SWFRONIKA\ ME/LH [1DIO\ KAI\ O( *AI)/GISQOS OU)K A)/LLWS H)DUNH/QH TH\N *KLUTAIMNH/STRAN DIAFQEI=-RAI EI) MH\ PRO/TERON TO\N W)|DO\N A)PE/KTEINEN E)N TH=| <20E)RH/MH| NH/SW|,>20 O(\N O( *)AGAME/MNWN FU/LAKA KATALE/LOIPEN, W(S O( POIHTH/S FHSIN]1, OU(/TWS EI)SI\ KAI\ A(RMO/ZONTA TOU\S POLI/TAS ME/LH, A(\ W)FELH/QH O( *PERIKLH=S PARA\ *DA/MWNOS, DI' W(=N H(/RMOZE TH\N PO/LIN. @$1*KAI\ NU=N E)/TI THLIKOU=TOS W)\N *DA/MWNI%10$ <20"3THLIKOU=TOS"3,>20 A)NTI\ TOU= <20"3E)PI\ GH/RAOS OU)DW=|"3,>20 PARA\ TW=| *DA/MWNI E)FOI/THSEN. TOU/TOU DE\ ME/MNHTAI PA/LIN O( *PLA/TWN E)N TH=| *POLITEI/A| W(S PAR' AU)TOU= W)FELHQEI\S MOUSIKH/N. @$1*TI/ OU)=N; H)/DH TINA\ EI)=DES SOFO/N%10$ E)NTEU=QEN KATATRE/XEI TOU= *PERIKLE/OUS KAI\ DEI/KNUSIN AU)TO\N MH\ O)/NTA SOFO\N E)K TOU= MH\ POIH=SAI A)/LLOUS SOFOU/S. TRI/A GA/R EI)SI XARAKTHRISTIKA\ SOFW=N, TO\ ME\N A)PO\ TW=N PROHGHSAME/NWN, TO\ DE\ A)PO\ TW=N SUNO/NTWN, TO\ DE\ A)PO\ TW=N MEQUPARCA/NTWN. A)PO\ ME\N TW=N PROHGHSAME/NWN, EI) E)/XOI EI)PEI=N DIDASKA/LOUS: A)PO\ DE\ TW=N SUNO/NTWN, EI) @1 SUMFWNH=| KAI\ E(AUTW=| KAI\ TOI=S SOFOI=S: A)PO\ DE\ TW=N MEQUPARCA/NTWN, EI) E)/XOI EI)PEI=N EI) A)/LLOUS TOIOU/TOUS E)POI/HSEN. KAI\ E(KA/STOU TOU/TWN ME/MNHTAI O( *PLA/TWN E)N A)/LLW| KAI\ A)/LLW| ME/REI TOU= DIALO/GOU: TOU= ME\N PRW/TOU O(/TE E)ZH/TEI EI)PEI=N DIDASKA/LOUS TW=N DIKAI/WN, TOU= DE\ DEUTE/ROU O(/TE E)/LEGEN "3OU)K I)/SASIN OI( POLLOI\ TO\ DI/KAION, DIO/TI MH\ SUMFWNOU=SIN"3: TOU= DE\ TRI/TOU E)NTAU=QA, EI) E)/XOI *PERIKLH=S EI)PEI=N A)/LLOUS TOIOU/TOUS E(AUTO\N POIH/SANTA. @$1*KALO\N GA\R DH/POU TOU=TO TEKMH/RION%10$ KRH/GUON GA\R TOU=TO TEKMH/RION SOFOU=, TO\ DU/NASQAI POIH=SAI KAI\ A)/LLOUS SOFOU/S. @$1*TI/ DE/; E)/XEIS EI)PEI=N A)\N *PERIKLH=S TINA\ E)POI/HSEN SOFO/N;$ "3TI/ OU)=N;"3 FHSI\N O( *SWKRA/THS, "3TOU\S UI(EI=S AU)TOU= E)POI/HSE SOFOU/S;"3 O( DE/ FHSIN "3TI/ DE/, EI) H)LI/QIOI E)GE/NONTO KAI\ A)NEPITH/DEIOI PRO\S TO\ MANQA/NEIN;"3 O( DE\ E)RWTA=| "3TI/ OU)=N; *KLEINI/AN TO\N A)DELFO/N SOU E)POI/HSEN;"3 O( DE\ KATHGOREI= AU)TOU= MANI/AN LE/GWN "3TI/ DE/, EI) MH\ DUNATO\S H)=N;"3 "3TI/ DE\ SE/;"3 O( DE/ FHSIN "3DIA\ TH\N E)MH\N R(A|QUMI/AN"3. TRI/A GA\R AI)/TIA TAU=TA TOU= MH\ GI/NESQAI SOFO/N, H)LIQIO/THS, MANI/A, R(A|QUMI/A. O(/MOION DE/ E)STI TOU/TW| KAI\ TO\ POIHTIKO/N: @<20"3NH/PIOS EI)=S, W)= CEI=NE, TO/SON XRO/NON, H)E\ XALI/FRWN;"3>20 DIA\ GA\R TOU= PRW/TOU A)/NOIAN E)DH/LWSEN, DIA\ DE\ TOU= <20"3H)E\ XALI/FRWN"3>20 TH\N MANI/AN, DIA\ DE\ TOU= @<20"3H)\ E(KW\N MEQI/HS KAI\ TE/RPEAI A)/LGEA PA/SXWN;"3>20 TH\N R(A|QUMI/AN. TO\ DE\ <20"3KAI\ TE/RPEAI A)/LGEA PA/SXWN"3>20 E)KFRA/ZWN O( *EU)RIPI/DHS FHSI\N @<20"3MAKRH/ TE LE/SXH KAI\ SXOLH\ TERPNO\N KAKO/N"3.>20 @$1*)ALLA\ TW=N A)/LLWN *)AQHNAI/WN H)\ TW=N CE/NWN%10$ E)RWTA=| AU)TO/N: "3TI/ OU)=N; A)/LLON TINA\ E)POI/HSEN SOFO/N;"3 EI) GA\R EI)/POIS O(/TI "3A)LLA\ PA/NTES A)NEPITH/-DEIOI H)=SAN"3, A)LLA\ TOU=TO *TI/MWNO/S E)STI TOU= MISANQRW/POU, TO\ TH\N E)PI-THDEIO/THTA E)CORI/ZEIN A)PO\ PA/NTWN TW=N A)NQRW/PWN. @$1*KAI\ *KALLI/AN TO\N *KALLIA/DOU%10$ *KALLI/AN FHSI/N, OU) TO\N E)N TH=| KWMW|-DI/A|, OU(=TOS GA\R H)=N *(IPPONI/KOU UI(O/S: TOU=TON DE\ *KALLIA/DOU FHSI/N. @$1*(EKATO\N MNA=S TELE/SAS SOFO/S TE KAI\ E)LLO/GIMOS%10$ <20"3E)LLO/GIMON"3>20 TO\N LO/GOU A)/CIO/N FHSIN, A)LL' OU)X O(\N NU=N FAME/N, TO\N LO/GOUS EI)DO/TA, EI)=PEN GA\R PERI\ E)KEI/NOU <20"3SOFO/S"3.>20 A)LLA\ DIA\ TI/, EI) FILO/SOFOS O( *ZH/NWN, MISQO\N E)PRA/TTETO; H)/ FAMEN O(/TI I(/NA SUNEQI/SH| TOU\S MAQHTA\S KATAFRONEI=N XRHMA/TWN: H)\ I(/NA TOI=S DEOME/NOIS E)PARKH=| PARA\ TW=N EU)PO/RWN LAMBA/NWN: H)\ I(/NA A)NTANI/SWSIN POIH/SHTAI TH=S PERIOUSI/AS KAI\ I)SO/THTA FULA/CH| TOI=S H(=TTON E)/XOUSI PARE/XWN. 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I)/SWS DE\ O( *PLA/TWN W(S EU)PORW=N A)MISQI/AN E)PETH/DEUSEN: DIO\ KAI\ ME/XRI TOU= PARO/NTOS SW/|ZONTAI TA\ DIADOXIKA/, KAI\ TAU=TA POLLW=N DHMEU/SEWN GINOME/NWN. {1*TE/LOS SU\N QEW=| TOU= A# TMH/MATOS. *A*R*X*H *T*O*U *B# *T*M*H*M*A*T*O*S *PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| I#2#}1 @$1*EI)=EN: TI/ OU)=N DIANOH=| PERI\ SEAUTOU=; PO/TERON E)A=N.$ @*)ELE/GCAS O( *SWKRA/THS TO\N *)ALKIBIA/DHN E)N TW=| PRW/TW| TMH/MATI, KAI\ KATA\ TO\ GNWSTIKO\N DEI/CAS AU)TO\N DIPLH=| A)MAQAI/NONTA KAI\ KATA\ TO\ ZWTIKO\N E)KTRAGW|DH/SAS TA\ E(PO/MENA TH=| DIPLH=| A)MAQI/A| KAKA/, KAI\ EI)PW\N AU)TH\N <20AI)SXI/STHN, KAKOURGOTA/THN, E)PONEIDISTOTA/THN,>20 PLA/NHS AI)TI/AN, A(MARTHMA/TWN AI)TI/AN, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO E)PIGRAFOME/NW| E)LEGKTIKW=|, KAI\ KATABALW\N AU)TO\N DIA\ TOU/TWN, E)N TW=| DEUTE/RW| TMH/MATI KATABLHQE/NTA AU)TO\N A)NEGEI/REI KAI\ A)NUYOI= LE/GWN AU)TW=|: "3EU)/ELPIS E)/SO, W)= *)ALKIBIA/DH: E)/XEIS GA/R TI E)N SOI\ E)PITH/DEION PRO\S POLITIKH\N E)PISTH/MHN KAI\ PRO\S TO\ DIOIKEI=N TA\ TH=S PO/LEWS PRA/GMATA, TO\ H(GEMONIKO/N: DIO\ DEI= SE POLLH\N PRO/NOIAN SAUTOU= POIH/SASQAI DIA\ TH=S E)PIMELEI/AS"3. 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KAI\ OU) TAU)TO\N A)/MFW TAU=TA, DIO/TI E)STI\ KAI\ STORGH\ MH\ E)/XOUSA O(MO/NOIAN, EI)/GE A)NH\R KAI\ GUNH\ STE/RGOUSIN A)LLH/-LOUS MH\ O(MONOOU=NTES [1OU) GA\R SUMFWNOU=SI PERI\ GNW=SIN: OU)/TE GA\R H( GUNH\ SUMFWNEI= TW=| A)NDRI\ E)N TOI=S POLEMIKOI=S KAI\ E)N TW=| EI)DE/NAI O(PLITEU/EIN OU)/TE O( A)NH\R TH=| GUNAIKI\ E)N TH=| GNW/SEI TH=| PERI\ TALASIOURGI/AN]1, E)/STI DE\ @1 KAI\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN O(MO/NOIA MH\ E)/XOUSA STORGH/N, EI)/GE OI( KERAMEI=S O(MO-NOOU=SIN W(S PERI\ TA\ AU)TA\ GNWSTA\ KATAGINO/MENOI KAI\ TA\ AU)TA\ NOOU=SI [1DIA\ GA\R TOU=TO LE/GETAI O(MO/NOIA]1, OU) MH\N KAI\ STE/RGOUSIN A)LLH/LOUS, DIA\ TO\ @<20"3KAI\ KERAMEU\S KERAMEI= FQONE/EI KAI\ TE/KTONI @TE/KTWN"3.>20 KAI\ PW=S A)\N POIH/SOI O( POLITIKO\S O(MO/NOIAN KAI\ STORGH\N E)N TH=| PO/LEI; STORGH\N ME\N POIH/SOI, EI) TOU\S POLI/TAS POIH/SH| DIAKEI=SQAI PRO\S A)LLH/LOUS W(/SPER E(NO\S GE/NOUS OU)/SHS TH=S PO/LEWS KAI\ W(/STE PARAMETREI=SQAI TAI=S H(LIKI/AIS TA\S SUGGENEI/AS, KAI\ TOU\S ME\N GE/RONTAS PA/NTAS PATE/RAS OI)/ESQAI, TOU\S DE\ POLLW=| SMIKROTE/ROUS UI(E/AS, TOU\S DE\ O(MH/LIKAS A)DEL-FOU/S, I(/NA A)NQ' W(=N FHSI\N E)KEI=NOS <20"3H(=LIC H(/LIKA TE/RPEI"3>20 H(MEI=S EI)/PWMEN "3POLI/THS POLI/THN TE/RPEI"3. O(MO/NOIA DE\ GI/NETAI, EI) TOI=S AU)TOI=S PA/NTES A)KOUSTOI=S XAI/ROIEN KAI\ TOI=S AU)TOI=S O(RATOI=S. H)=N GA\R H( O(MO/NOIA KOINWNI/A GNW/SEWN: TAU=TA DE\ E)/XONTES KOINH\N O)/YIN KAI\ KOINH\N A)KOH\N E)/XOIEN, AI( GA\R AI)SQH/SEIS GNW/SEIS TINE/S EI)SI. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. @$1*KAI/ MOI LE/GE: FAME\N GA\R DH\ W(S A)/RISTOI BOU/LESQAI GENE/SQAI%10$ TOUTE/STI "3BOULO/MEQA A)/RISTOI GENE/SQAI, DEI= OU)=N DIA\ TOU=TO MAQEI=N TH\N POLITIKH\N E)PISTH/MHN"3. KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN EI)=PE TO\ PROOI/MION TH=S PRA/CEWS, E)N W(=| LE/GEI TI/S H( U(/LH TH=S POLITIKH=S E)PISTH/MHS. @$1*DH=LON O(/TI H(/NPER OI( A)/NDRES OI( A)GAQOI/%10$ W(S MEIRA/KION O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS OU) KALW=S A)PEKRI/NATO EI)PW\N "3TH\N A)RETH\N DEI= E)/XEIN <20H(/NPER OI( A)/N-DRES OI( A)GAQOI/"3.>20 E)/DEI GA\R EI)PEI=N, POI/AN A)RETH/N, A)=RA TH\N KATA\ TA\ QEWRH/MATA H)\ TH\N KATA\ TA\ PRAKTA/. 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LOIPO\N E)RWTA=| AU)TO\N O(/TI "3A)=RA KAQO\ OI)=DE/ TIS OU)K E)/STI FRO/NIMOS; OU)KOU=N KAI\ O( SKUTOTO/MOS FRO/NIMOS W)\N EI)S U(PODHMA/TWN E)RGASI/AN KAI\ A)GAQO\S E)/STAI, EI)S DE\ A)/LLO, OI)=ON EI)S U(FANTIKH/N, A)/FRWN: KAI\ E)/STAI O( AU)TO\S A)GAQO\S KAI\ KAKO/S"3. KAI\ @1 OU)K A)/TOPON ME\N TOU=TO E)PI\ SKUTOTO/MOU, E)PI\ DE\ POLITIKOU= TOU= BOULO-ME/NOU PA/NTA TA\ PRAKTA\ W)FELEI=N, DIO/TI U(PODU/ETAI TO\N DHMIOURGO/N, A)/TOPON. @$1*TI/ OU)=N; LE/GEIS TOU\S A)GAQOU\S A)/NDRAS EI)=NAI KAKOU/S;$ I)DOU\ E)N TW=| SUMPERA/SMATI DI/DWSIN O(/TI PA/NTA TA\ PRAKTA\ U(PO/KEITAI TW=| POLITIKW=|: FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI OI( A)GAQOI\ OU)DAMW=S EI)SI\ KAKOI/, O(/PER E)PI\ TW=N TEXNITW=N SUMBAI/NEI, KAI\ A)GAQOU\S KAI\ KAKOU\S EI)=NAI. @$1*)ALLA\ TI/NAS POTE\ TOU\S A)GAQOU\S KALEI=S;$ E)NTEU=QEN TO\ EI)=DOS PARA-DI/DWSI TOU= POLITIKOU=, O(/TI TO\ A)/RXEIN. KAI\ PA/LIN DIA\ TW=N OI)KEI/WN E)RWTH/-SEWN A)PO\ TW=N KAQO/LOU E)PI\ TO\ TW=| O)/NTI EI)=DOS E)/RXETAI. A)NAGKA/ZEI GA\R AU)TO\N EI)PEI=N DIA\ TW=N PROSFUW=N E)RWTH/SEWN O(/TI TO\ A)/RXEIN A)NQRW/PWN XRWME/NWN A)NQRW/POIS E)N TOI=S KATA\ NO/MON SUMBOLAI/OIS. KAI\ E)/STI QAUMA/SAI TH\N MAIEI/AN TH\N *SWKRATIKH/N, PW=S TW=| PLH/QEI TW=N PARA-DEIGMA/TWN TO\ STENO\N TH=S YUXH=S A)NEURU/NEI KAI\ A)POTEKEI=N POIEI= TO\ A)LHQE/S. @$1*)ALL' OU)DE\N POIOU/NTWN%10$ TOUTE/STIN "3A)RGOU/NTWN"3. O( DE/ FHSIN "3OU)/"3. @$1*OU)KOU=N TW=N KAI\ SUMBALLO/NTWN E(AUTOI=S%10$ I)DOU\ PA/LIN W)FELH/QH O( NE/OS O(/TI A)NQRW/PWN OI)KOU/NTWN A)/RXONTA KAI\ <20SUMBALLOME/NWN>20 A)/LLOIS, TOUTE/STIN A)RXO/NTWN A)/LLWN. @$1*KOINWNOU/NTWN E)GW\ LE/GW POLITEI/AS KAI\ SUMBALLO/NTWN PRO\S A)L-LH/LOUS%10$ I)DOU\ TELEI/A A)PO/KRISIS, O(/TI A)/RXEIN A)NQRW/PWN XRWME/NWN A)/LLOIS E)N TOI=S KATA\ NO/MON SUMBOLAI/OIS. @$1*TI/S OU)=N AU(/TH H( TE/XNH;$ E)NTEU=QEN TO\ POIHTIKO/N, O(/TI FRO/NHSIS KAI\ OU) SOFI/A. @$1*EU)BOULI/AN E)/GWGE, W)= *SW/KRATES%10$ A)NTI\ E(/CEWS E)PI\ E)NE/RGEIAN METH=LQEN O( NE/OS. 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H)\ DUNATO\N TUFLO/THTA LE/GEIN AU)TO\N TH\N DI' E)PI/XUSIN GINOME/NHN. @$1*(/OTAN FILI/A ME\N AU)TOI=S GI/NHTAI%10$ TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS POLLOI=S XRHSA-ME/NOU PARADEI/GMASIN PRO\S TO\ TO\N NE/ON EI)PEI=N TI/ TO\ TELIKO\N AI)/TION TOU= POLITIKOU=, E)NTEU=QEN O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS A)POTI/KTEI TOU=TO LE/GWN O(/TI "3TO\ FILI/AN @1 E)MPOIEI=N TOI=S POLI/TAIS"3. A(PLW=S DE\ EI)RHKO/TOS AU)TOU= TOU=TO, DIA\ TW=N E)FECH=S POIEI= AU)TO\N O( *SWKRA/THS DIAKRI=NAI TO\ TE/LEION KAI\ A)POFH/NASQAI. {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| KA#}1 @$1*)=ARA OU)=N FILI/AN LE/GEIS O(MO/NOIAN H)\ DIXO/NOIAN;$ @*)EPEIDH\ TE/LOS E)/LEGEN O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS TH=S POLITIKH=S E)PISTH/MHS TH\N FILI/AN, A)NTILE/GEI AU)TW=| O( *SWKRA/THS, OU)X W(S OU) BOULO/MENOS TE/LOS EI)=NAI KAI\ AU)TO\S TH\N FILI/AN, A)LL' O(/TI W)/|ETO TO\N *)ALKIBIA/DHN MH\ H(GEI=SQAI STORGH\N DIAKRI/NEIN A)PO\ FILI/AS, A)LLA\ TAU)TO\N EI)=NAI. DEI/KNUSI DE\ O(/TI KAI\ H( O(MO/NOIA FILI/A E)STI\ KAI\ E)P' EU)QEI/AS KAI\ DIA\ A)DUNA/TOU. E)P' EU)QEI/AS ME\N OU(/TWS: "3EI) H( DIXO/NOIA E)/XQRA E)STI/N, H( O(MO/NOIA A)/RA FILI/A: KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO OU) MO/NON H( STORGH\ FILI/A E)STI/N, A)LLA\ KAI\ H( O(MO/NOIA"3. DIA\ A)DUNA/TOU DE\ OU(/TWS: "3EI) A)NH\R KAI\ GUNH\ MH\ O(MONOOU=SIN, EI)/GE E)LE/GOMEN O(MO/NOIAN TH\N TW=N AU)TW=N GNW=SIN, [2OU)]2 TA\ AU)TA\ DE\ OU(=TOI GINW/SKOUSIN, O( ME\N GA\R OI)/ETAI MH\ O)FEI/LEIN EI)DE/NAI TA\ PERI\ TALASIOURGI/AS, H( DE\ TA\ I(PPIKA/: OI( MH\ TOI=S AU)TOI=S GNWSTOI=S XAI/RONTES OU) FILOU=SIN A)LLH/LOUS: A)NH\R A)/RA KAI\ GUNH\ OU) FILOU=SIN A)LLH/LOUS"3. DH=LON DE\ O(/TI OU)X O(MONOOU=SI KATA\ TO\ PROSEXE\S TE/LOS, KAQ' O(/SON O( ME\N OI)=DE TUXO\N I(PPIKH/N, H( DE\ TALASIOUR-GI/AN: E)PEI\ KATA\ TO\ PO/RRW O(MONOOU=SIN, O( ME\N GA\R POLEMEI= DIA\ TO\ SW=SAI TH\N GUNAI=KA [1<20"3PRO/ TE PAI/DWN"3>20 GA\R <20"3KAI\ PRO\ GUNAIKW=N"3>20]1, H( DE\ TALASIOURGEI= PRO\S FULAKH\N TOU= A)NDRO/S, I(/NA MH\ FQEI/RHTAI U(PO\ PROSBOLH=S TOU= A)E/ROS. @*EI)=TA LABW\N E)C AU)TOU= O(/TI OI( MH\ TOI=S AU)TOI=S GNWSTOI=S XAI/RONTES OU) FILOU=SIN A)LLH/LOUS, DEI/KNUSIN O(/TI OU) DU/NANTAI OI( DI/KAIOI KALW=S OI)KEI=N TA\S PO/LEIS. KAI\ PROSLAMBA/NEI LH=MMA E)N DEUTE/RW| SXH/MATI DEIKNU/MENON: "3OI( TA\ AU(TW=N PRA/TTONTES KAI\ MH\ A)LLOTRIOPRAGOU=NTES OU) FILOU=SIN A)LLH/-LOUS: OI( EU)= OI)KOU=NTES TH\N PO/LIN FILOU=SIN A)LLH/LOUS [1H)=N GA\R TOU=TO TE/LOS TH=S POLITIKH=S E)PISTH/MHS, H( FILI/A KAI\ H( E(/NWSIS]1: OI( A)/RA TA\ AU(TW=N PRA/TTONTES OU) FILOU=SIN A)LLH/LOUS"3. TOU=TO TO\ SUMPE/RASMA LABW\N SULLO-GI/ZETAI PROSTIQEI\S E)/CWQEN A)/LLHN PRO/TASIN: "3OI( DI/KAIOI TA\ AU(TW=N PRA/T-TOUSIN: OI( TA\ AU(TW=N PRA/TTONTES OU)K EU)= OI)KOU=SI TA\S PO/LEIS: OI( A)/RA DI/KAIOI OU)K EU)= OI)KOU=SI TA\S PO/LEIS"3. @*)/EDEI DE\ TO\N *)ALKIBIA/DHN E)NNOEI=N O(/TI POLLAXW=S H( FILI/A. E)/STI GA\R @1 FILI/A H( KATA\ TO\ E(/N, H(/TIS KAI\ E(/NWSIS LE/GETAI, H(/TIS E)N E)NQOUSIASMOI=S GI/NETAI TOU= E(NO\S PRO\S TO\ KREI=TTON. E)/STIN H( E)N NW=| FILI/A, H(/TIS O(MO/NOIA LE/GETAI. E)/STIN H( E)N DIANOI/A, H(/TIS O(MOFROSU/NH LE/GETAI: DIO\ KAI\ TO\ <20"3E)N FRESI\ PEUKALI/MH|SI"3.>20 E)/STIN FILI/A E)N DO/CH|, H(/TIS O(MODOCI/A LE/GETAI. E)/STIN E)N H)/QESIN, H(/TIS O(MOIOPA/QEIA: DIO\ KAI\ TO\ <20"3A(=LIC A(/LIKA TE/RPEI"3,>20 DIA\ TO\ O(MOIOPAQE/S, OI( GA\R PAI=DES A)LLH/LOIS XAI/ROUSI KAI\ OI( NE/OI KAI\ OI( PRESBU=TAI, DIA\ TO\ XAI/REIN TOI=S AU)TOI=S PA/QESIN. E)/STIN KAI\ A)/LLH FILI/A H( KATA\ TA\ GE/NH, H(/TIS LE/GETAI SUGGE/NEIA. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. @$1*)=ARA OU)=N FILI/AN LE/GEIS O(MO/NOIAN, KAI\ TA\ E(CH=S%10$ TO\ LEGO/MENON TOU=-TO/ E)STIN, O(/TI "3O(MO/NOIAN LE/GEIS DIA\ TO\ TOI=S AU)TOI=S GNWSTOI=S XAI/REIN; OI)=ON O(MONOEI=N PERI\ A)RIQMOU\S LE/GEIS TA\ AU)TA\ NOEI=N DIA\ TH\N A)RIQMHTIKH/N; A)=RA KAI\ PERI\ MEGE/QH OU) LE/GEIS O(MONOEI=N DIA\ TH\N METRHTIKH/N, KAI\ E)N STAQMOI=S DIA\ TH\N STATIKH/N;"3 KAI\ E)/XEIS TE/WS E)NTEU=QEN O(/TI TRI/A EI)/DH BOU/LETAI POSOU= O( *PLA/TWN, DIWRISME/NON, SUNEXE/S, R(OPH/N, EI)/GE E)K TW=N TRIW=N E)PEXEI/RHSEN KAI\ A)NTIDIE/STEILEN TH\N STATIKH\N TAI=S A)/LLAIS. KAI\ E)PI\ ME\N A)RIQMHTIKH=S A)PO\ TOU= PLH/QOUS A)RCA/MENOS KATH/NTHSEN EI)S TO\ E(\N EI)PW\N <20"3O(MONOOU=SIN AI( PO/LEIS PERI\ A)RIQMW=N PRO\S A)L-LH/LAS DIA\ TH\N A)RIQMHTIKH\N"3>20 KAI\ <20"3OI( I)DIW=TAI"3>20 KAI\ <20"3AU)TO\S E(AUTW=|"3.>20 E)PI\ DE\ TH=S GEWMETRI/AS TO\ A)NA/PALIN A)PO\ TOU= E(NO\S H)/RCATO KAI\ KATH/NTHSEN EI)S TO\ PLH=QOS EI)PW\N "3TI/ DE\ PERI\ MEGE/QOUS; OU)K <20AU)TO\S E(AUTW=|, KAI\ OI( I)DIW=TAI A)LLH/LOIS KAI\ AI( PO/-LEIS;"3>20 DIO/TI OI)KEI=ON TH=| A)RIQMHTIKH=| ME\N TO\ PLH=QOS, PERI\ A)RIQMOU\S KATAGINOME/NH|, TH=| DE\ GEWMETRI/A| TO\ E(/N, PERI\ TO\ SUNEXE\S KATAGINOME/NH|, E)KEI/NH DE\ PERI\ TO\ DIWRISME/NON POSO/N. E)PI\ DE\ STATIKH=S OU)DE\N TOU/TWN EI)=PEN, OU)/TE A)PO\ TOU= E(NO\S H)/RCATO KATH/NTHSEN DE\ EI)S TO\ PLH=QOS, OU)/TE A)PO\ TOU= PLH/QOUS KAI\ KATH/NTHSEN EI)S TO\ E(/N, DIO/TI E(TE/RA E)STI\ TOU/TWN. O(/TI GA\R E(TE/RA E)STI\ PARA\ TO\ SUNEXE\S H( R(OPH\ DH=LON, EI)/GE A)NTIPEPO/NQASI TAU=TA A)LLH/LOIS: O)LI/GH GA\R R(OPH\ E)N POLLW=| MEGE/QEI KAI\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN. KAI\ *(/OMHROS ME\N KATEFRO/NHSE SOLOIKISMOU=, I(/NA A)TACI/AN KINH/SEWS I(/PPOU U(FHGH/SHTAI, E)COMOIW=N TOU\S LO/GOUS TOI=S PERI\ W(=N O( LO/GOS KAI\ EI)PW\N @<20"3W(S D' O(/TE TIS STATO\S I(/PPOS A)KOSTH/SAS E)PI\ FA/TNHN R(I/MFA E( GOU=NA FE/REI"3:>20 *PLA/TWN DE\ A)/NEU TOU= A(MARTA/NEIN E)N TOI=S LO/GOIS MIMEI=TAI TA\ PRA/GMATA. @$1*TI/S E)STI KAI\ PERI\ TOU=, KAI\ TI/S AU)TH\N TE/XNH PARASKEUA/ZEI;$ A)/CION ZHTH=SAI PW=S POLLA\ E)RWTA=| O( *SWKRA/THS. E)RWTA=| GA\R TI/S E)STIN H( O(MO/NOIA AU(/TH, KAI\ E)N TI/SI, KAI\ TI/S H( POIHTIKH\ AU)TH=S AI)TI/A, KAI\ EI) TAU)TO\N TO\ POLITIKO\N TW=| H)QIKW=| KAI\ OI)KONOMIKW=|. DIO\ EI)DW\S KAI\ AU)TO\S O(/TI POLLA\ @1 H)RW/THSEN, FHSI\N <20"3MH\ KA/MH|S A)POKRINO/MENOS"3,>20 EU)KAI/RWS R(HQE/N-TOS TOU= <20"3MH\ KA/MH|S"3>20 DIA\ TA\S E)RWTH/SEIS POLLA\S OU)/SAS. KAI/TOI AU)TO\S E)N TW=| *GORGI/A| E)ME/MYATO TW=| *PW/LW| W(S POLLA\ E)RWTH/SANTI. TE/WS ME\N OU)=N MA/QWMEN, TI/NES EI)SI\N AI( E)RWTH/SEIS, PRO\ TH=S LU/SEWS. "3TI/S AU(/TH H( O(MO/-NOIA"3: O(/TI KOINWNI/A GNW/SEWS. "3E)N TI/SIN E)STI/N"3: O(/TI E)N TOI=S DIDAKTOI=S GNWSTOI=S, A)LL' OU)K E)N TOI=S PRAKTOI=S. "3TI/S E)STIN H( TE/XNH H( POIHTIKH\ TAU/THS"3: H( POLITIKH/, AU(/TH GA\R POIEI= XAI/REIN TOI=S AU)TOI=S GNWSTOI=S DIA\ DIDAXH=S: OU) GA\R W(/SPER H( STORGH\ FUSIKH/ E)STI PATE/RWN PRO\S TE/KNA, OU(/TWS KAI\ H( O(MO/NOIA. KAI\ "3EI) TAU)TO\N POLITIKO/N, H)QIKO/N, OI)KONOMIKO/N, H)\ OU) TAU)TO/N"3: TAU)TO/N E)STIN: W(/SPER GA\R OU) DIAFE/ROUSI TA\ MEGA/LA GRA/MMATA TW=N MIKRW=N GRAMMA/TWN TW=| EI)/DEI [1TO\ GA\R MA=LLON KAI\ H(=TTON OU) POIEI= EI)/DOUS E)CALLAGH/N]1, OU(/TWS OU)DE\ TA\ PRA/GMATA DIAFE/REI DIA\ TO\ ME/GEQOS: KAI\ O(/TI E)/XOMEN E)N TOI=S PROLABOU=SIN O(/TI O( E(/NA PEI/QWN KAI\ POLLOU\S PEI/QEI, KAI\ TOU= AU)TOU= E)STI\ TOU=TO TOU= POLLOU\S PEI/QONTOS KAI\ E(/NA PEI/QEIN: KAI\ O(/TI W(/SPER OU) DIAFE/REI I)ATRO\S O( E(/NA I)ATREU/WN TOU= POLLOU\S I)ATREU/ONTOS KAI\ TOU= PA/NTAS [1OU) GA\R H( DIAFORA\ H( KATA\ TO\ POLU\ KAI\ O)LI/GON TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU DIAFORA\N POIEI= TW=N E(/CEWN]1, OU(/TWS OU)DE\ O( POLITIKO\S TOU= OI)KONOMIKOU= KAI\ H)QIKOU=. LEKTE/ON LOIPO\N DIA\ TI/ POLLA\ E)RWTA=|. H)\ O(/TI TA\ POLLA\ EI)S E(\N KATANTA=| KAI\ SUNE/XEIAN E)/XEI TA\ E)RWTW/MENA. PRW=TON GA\R H)RW/THSE "3TI/S AU(/TH"3, KAI\ "3E)N TI/SIN E)STI/N"3, KAI\ "3TI/S TE/XNH POIHTIKH\ TAU/THS"3, KAI\ "3EI) DIAFE/REI POLITIKO\N H)QIKOU=, OI)KONO-MIKOU="3: KAI\ OI)=ON PA/NTA E(/N EI)SIN. EI)PE\ DE\ KAI\ A)/LLHN LU/SIN: O(/TI OU) DEI= POLLA\ E)RWTA=N E)N DIALEKTIKAI=S E)RWTH/SESIN, E)/NQA OU) XREI/A LO/GOU, A)LL' A)RKEI= H)\ KATANEU=SAI H)\ A)NANEU=SAI KAI\ TO\ NAI\ H)\ OU)/, DIO/TI EI) POLLA\ E)RWTH/-SWMEN A)/DHLO/N E)STI PRO\S POI/AN A)PEKRI/NATO E)RW/THSIN, E)N DE\ TAI=S PUSMATIKAI=S E)RWTH/SESIN TOU=TO OU)K A)DU/NATON, DIO/TI DU/NATAI KAI\ DIA\ LO/GOU PROSENEXQH=NAI KAI\ DIORI/SASQAI PRO\S POI/AN A)POKRI/NETAI. OU(/TW KAI\ O( POIHTH\S E)N TAI=S PUSMATIKAI=S E)RWTH/SESIN POLLA\ EI)=PEN: <20"3TI/S PO/QEN EI)=S A)NDRW=N; PO/QI TOI PO/LIS H)DE\ TOKH=ES;"3>20 O(/TE H)DU/NATO DIA\ LO/GOU A)POKRI/NASQAI. @$1*)=ARA H(/PER PO/LEI AU)TH=| KAI\ I)DIW/TH|%10$ TO\ TE/TARTON E)RWTA=|: A)=RA TAU)TO/N E)STIN OI)KONOMIKO/N, POLITIKO/N, H)QIKO/N; DIA\ ME\N GA\R TOU= EI)PEI=N <20"3H(/PER PO/LEI"3>20 E)DH/LWSE TO\ POLITIKO/N, DIA\ DE\ TOU= <20"3AU)TW=| TE PRO\S E(AU-TO\N"3>20 TO\ H)QIKO/N, DIA\ DE\ TOU= <20"3KAI\ PRO\S A)/LLON"3>20 TO\ OI)KONOMIKO/N. O( DE\ *)ALKIBIA/DHS FHSI\N "3EI)KO/S GE"3. KAI\ PO/QEN THLIKOU=TO DO/GMA H)/|DEI O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS, O(/TI TAU)TA/ EI)SI TAU=TA; H)\ W)FELH/QH E)K TOU= PARO/NTOS DIA-LO/GOU, E)K TOU= LO/GOU TOU= LE/GONTOS "3O( E(/NA PEI/QWN KAI\ POLLOU\S PEI/QEI"3. @$1*)EGW\ ME\N OI)=MAI FILI/AN TE LE/GEIN KAI\ O(MO/NOIAN%10$ I)DOU\ DIA\ TAU=TA E)DE/HSEN TW=| *SWKRA/TEI TOU= E)LE/GXOU TOU= LE/GONTOS O(/TI OU) TE/LOS TH=S POLITIKH=S E)PISTH/MHS H( FILI/A, EI)/GE FAI/NETAI FILI/AN KAI\ STORGH\N TAU)TO\N @1 LE/GWN O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS. FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI "3E)GW\ O(MO/NOIAN LE/GW TH\N PATRO\S PRO\S TE/KNA KAI\ A)DELFW=N PRO\S A)DELFOU/S"3. @$1*OI)/EI A)\N OU)=N, W)= *)ALKIBIA/DH, A)/NDRA GUNAIKI/%10$ E)NTEU=QEN E)LE/GXEI KAI\ PARADI/DWSI TH\N DIA\ A)DUNA/TOU DEI=CIN, DEIKNU\S O(/TI KAI\ H( O(MO/NOIA FILI/A. <20TALASIOURGI/A>20 DE\ LE/GETAI H( CANTIKH\ PARA\ TO\ TA\ LA/SIA E)RGA/-ZESQAI: H)\ PARA\ TOU\S TALA/ROUS: EI) DE\ KAI\ AI( H(MI/ONOI "3TALAERGOI\"3 LE/GONTAI, PARA\ TO\ U(POMENHTIKO\N KAI\ TO\ PERI\ TA\ E)/RGA TALAIPWREI=N, EI)/LHPTAI DE\ A)PO\ TH=S TALASIOURGI/AS. TOIAU=TAI DE\ KAI\ AI( GUNAI=KES, U(POMENHTIKAI/, OU) GA\R OI( A)/NDRES: DIO\ KAI\ EI)/RHTAI PERI\ AU)TW=N @<20"3E)/CW MOLW\N E)/PAUSE KARDI/AS A)/SHN"3.>20 @$1*GUNAIKEI=ON GA\R TOU=TO/ GE TO\ MA/QHMA%10$ KAI\ PW=S, EI) KOINAI\ AI( A)RETAI\ A)NDRW=N KAI\ GUNAIKW=N, DIA\ TI/ FHSI <20"3GUNAIKEI=ON GA\R TOU=TO/ GE [2TO\]2 MA/QHMA"3;>20 H)\ KATA\ TH\N TOIAU/THN POLITEI/AN. @$1*DU/NAITO A)\N O(MONOEI=N MH\ MAQOU=SA%10$ KALW=S TO\ <20"3MH\ MAQOU=SA"3>20, DIA\ TA\S *)AMAZO/NAS POLEMIKA\S OU)/SAS. @$1*)/ISWS AU)= FAI/HS A)\N EI)=NAI%10$ KALW=S TO\ <20"3I)/SWS"3>20 KAI\ TO\ <20"3FAI/HS A)\N EI)=NAI"3>20. KOINAI\ GA\R AI( A)RETAI\ TW=N A)NDRW=N, EI)/GE KOINAI\ AI( FU/SEIS: EI)SWQOU/MENA GA\R TA\ A)NDREI=A MO/RIA GUNAIKEI=A GI/NETAI, KAI\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN TA\ GUNAIKEI=A E)CWQOU/MENA: KAI\ EI) H( KU/WN OU)DE\N DIAFE/REI TOU= A)/RRENOS KATA\ TO\ FROUREI=N, A)LL' A)/MFW FROURHTIKOI/ EI)SIN. EI) OU)=N KOINAI\ AI( FU/SEIS, DIA\ TI/ MH\ KAI\ KOINAI\ AI( GNW/SEIS KAI\ AI( A)RETAI/; KAI\ OU)KE/TI DEI= EI)PEI=N "3GUNAIKEI=ON"3 H)\ "3A)NDREI=ON"3 TO\ MA/QHMA, A)LL' "3A)NQRW/PINON"3, KOINW=S GA\R "3A)/NQRWPOI"3. @$1*OU)DE\ A)/RA FILI/A%10$ "3EI)/GE MH\ O(MONOOU=SIN, OU) FILOU=SIN A)LLH/LOUS, EI)/PER H( FILI/A O(MO/NOIA H)=N"3, FHSI/N. @$1*OU)DE\ EU)= A)/RA OI)KOU=NTAI AI( PO/LEIS%10$ E)NTEU=QEN BOU/LETAI DEI=CAI O(/TI OI( DI/KAIOI OU)K EU)= OI)KOU=SI TA\S PO/LEIS. KAI\ PROSLAMBA/NEI TO\ LH=MMA KAI\ LOIPO\N SULLOGI/ZETAI O(/TI "3FILI/AS MH\ PAROU/SHS E)N TOI=S TA\ E(AUTW=N PRA/T-TOUSIN, H(=S E)GGINOME/NHS E)LE/GOMEN KALW=S DIOIKEI=SQAI TA\S PO/LEIS"3, TO\N SULLOGISMO\N PLE/KWN OU(/TWS: "3OI( TA\ AU(TW=N PRA/TTONTES OU) FILOU=SIN A)LLH/LOUS: OI( EU)= OI)KOU=NTES TH\N PO/LIN FILOU=SIN A)LLH/LOUS, DIO/TI TOU=TO TE/LOS TH=S POLITIKH=S: OI( TA\ E(AUTW=N A)/RA PRA/TTONTES OU)K EU)= OI)KOU=SI TA\S PO/LEIS"3. @$1*)ALLA/ MOI DOKEI= KATA\ TA\ AU)TA/%10$ A)NTILE/GEI O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS TW=| *SW-KRA/TEI O(/TI "3A)LL' EU)= OI)KOU=SI TA\S PO/LEIS DI' AU)TO\ TOU=TO, DIO/TI TA\ AU(TW=N PRA/TTOUSIN"3: O( DE\ *SWKRA/THS FHSI\N O(/TI "3PA/LAI U(PO\ SOU= TAU=TA E)LE/GETO"3. @1 @$1*DI/KAIA DE\ PRA/TTOUSIN H)\ A)/DIKA%10$ E)NTEU=QEN TO\N SULLOGISMO\N PARA-DI/DWSIN, O(/TI OI( DI/KAIOI TA\ AU(TW=N PRA/TTOUSIN. @$1*)ALLA\ MA\ TOU\S QEOU/S, W)= *SW/KRATES, OU)DE\ AU)TO\S OI)=DA O(/ TI LE/GW%10$ I)DOU\ E)NARGW=S O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS W)FE/LHTAI: KAI\ GA\R H)=LQEN A)PO\ DIPLH=S A)MAQI/AS E)PI\ A(PLH=N, O(MOLOGEI= GA\R A)GNOEI=N. KAI\ *)ARISTEI/DHS ME/N [2FHSI]2 PERI\ *DHMOSQE/NOUS TOU= R(H/TOROS O(/TI <20*(ERMOU= LOGI/OU TU/POS H)=N EI)S A)NQRW/POUS E)LQW/N:>20 E)GW\ DE\ FAI/HN A)\N EU)KAIRO/TERON PERI\ *SWKRA/TOUS TOU=TO, EI)/GE PRW=TON ME\N TW=| *(ERMH=| W)|KEI/WTAI [1LE/GETAI GA\R E(RMOGLU/FOU UI(O\S EI)=NAI]1, KAI\ O(/TI W(/SPER O( *(ERMH=S MIA=| R(A/BDW| KAI\ U(/PNON E)POI/EI KAI\ E)GRH/GORSIN @$1[1<20"3OU(\S E)QE/LEI, TOU\S D' AU)=TE KAI\ U(PNW/ONTAS E)GEI/REI"3>20]1, OU(/TW KAI\ O( *SWKRA/THS MIA=| R(A/BDW|, TH=| DIALEKTIKH=|, KAI\ A)PAUQADIZOME/-NOUS KATE/KLINEN KAI\ PA/LIN KATABLHQE/NTAS DIANI/STH KAI\ E)PANEKALEI=TO. OU(/TW TO\N *)ALKIBIA/DHN A)/NW ME\N DIA\ TW=N E)LE/GXWN KATE/BALLEN DEIKNU\S AU)TO\N DIPLH=| A)MAQAI/NONTA, NU=N DE\ DIEGEI/REI AU)TO\N KATABLHQE/NTA LE/GWN "3QA/RREI, NE/OS GA\R EI)= KAI\ DU/NH| MAQEI=N"3 [1<20"3NE/WN"3>20 GA\R <20"3OI( MEGA/LOI PO/NOI"3,>20 KAI\ <20"3NE/W| DE/ TE PA/NT' E)PE/OIKEN"3>20]1: "3EI) ME\N GA\R H)=S U(PE\R TA\ N# E)/TH, XALEPO\N H)=N SE MAQEI=N"3. 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E)K POLLOU= A)/RA TOU= PERIO/NTOS OU)K E)/STIN O( ԅA)/NQRWPOS PARA\ *PLA/TWNI E)K YUXH=S KAI\ SW/MATOS. @$1*TI/ POTE OU)=N O( A)/NQRWPOS;$ I)DOU\ TO\N ME/SON O(/RON TOU= PRW/TOU SULLO-GISMOU= O(RISMO\N BOU/LETAI EI)=NAI, W(S KAI\ A)KRIBOI= TO\N SULLOGISMO\N OU) MO/NON E)K TW=N KAQ' AU(TO/, A)LLA\ KAI\ E)K TW=N MET' AU)TO/, E)K GA\R TW=N O(/RWN A)NTISTREFO/NTWN. @*(/OTI O( A)/NQRWPO/S E)STI KATA\ *PLA/TWNA YUXH\ XRWME/NH SW/MATI EU)QU-PO/RW|: TOU=TO GA\R PROSQETE/ON DIA\ TA\S TW=N OU)RANI/WN YUXA/S. 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TH\N DE\ MEI/ZONA E)NARGW=S E)K DIAIRE/SEWS DEI/KNUSIN. @*(/OTI, E)PEIDH\ TO\ O(/LON TW=| ME/REI KE/XRHTAI, DIA\ TH=S AU)TH=S E)PAGWGH=S DEI/KNUSIN O(/TI TO\ XRW/MENON E(/TERO/N E)STI TOU= W(=| KE/XRHTAI O)RGA/NW|. {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| KZ#}1 @$1*OU)KOU=N KALW=S E)/XEI OU(/TW NOMI/ZEIN.$ @*TO\ <20DIALE/GESQAI *SWKRA/THN *)ALKIBIA/DH|>20 KAI\ PROOI/MION E)POIH/SATO TW=N DIALEKTIKW=N A)GW/NWN KAI\ SUMPE/RASMA DIA\ TO\ MEQU/EIN TA\ E)RWTIKA/. PRE/PEI GA\R TW=| E)/RWTI KAI\ H( A)POKATA/STASIS, E)PISTROFH=| O)/NTI, KAI\ TO\ DIALE/GESQAI TO\N E)RASTH\N TW=| E)RWME/NW|: O)/RGANON GA\R KOINWNI/AS O( LO/GOS. TOU=TO DE\ TO\ <20DIALE/GESQAI>20 PA/LAI ME\N E)NO/EI TOU=TO: "3E)PEIDH\ *SWKRA/THS *)ALKIBIA/DH| DIALE/GETAI, LO/GW| PROSKE/XRHTAI, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO O)/RGANON E)/XEI TO\ SW=MA"3. NU=N DE\ TO\ AU)TO\ <20DIALE/GESQAI>20 DIA/NOIAN E)/XEI TOIAU/THN: "3E)PEIDH\ *SWKRA/THS *)ALKIBIA/DH| DIALE/GETAI, YUXAI\ DE\ E)DEI/XQHSAN, AI( YUXAI\ DIALE/GONTAI A)LLH/LAIS E)FIE/MENAI TH=S A)LLH/LWN KOINWNI/AS"3: KAI\ E)/STI NU=N PO/RISMA. DIO\ KAQEI\S E(AUTO\N EI)S PO/RISMA KAI\ A)/LLA TRI/A PORI/SMATA TOU/TW| SUNA/PTEI. TW=N GA\R E)N TW=| DIALO/GW| TOU/TW| TA\ ME/N E)STIN O( SKOPO/S, OI(=ON OI( SULLOGISMOI\ OI( DEIKNU/NTES O(/TI H( YUXH/ E)SMEN: TA\ DE\ PROHGEI=TAI TOU= SKOPOU=, W(S H( KA/QARSIS TH=S B# A)GNOI/AS KAI\ H( PROTROPH/: TA\ DE\ E(/PETAI, W(S TA\ NU=N PORI/SMATA. @*DEU/TERON PO/RISMA, O(/TI OU)DEI\S TW=N KAQ' E(/KASTA XEIROTEXNW=N E(AUTO\N OI)=DE. KAI\ A)NAFAI/NETAI E)NTAU=QA DO/GMA *PLATWNIKO/N, O(/TI OU) BOU/LETAI TW=N TEXNHTW=N EI)=NAI LO/GOUS [1EI) GA\R H)=SAN E)N TH=| YUXH=|, E)GI/NWSKEN E(AUTO\N O( TEXNI/THS]1: KAI\ O(/TI E)KEI/NWN TW=N MAQHMA/TWN FRONTISTE/ON. A(\ MH\ PERIGRA/FH TO\ XRH/SIMON E(AUTW=N ME/XRI TOU= TH=|DE BI/OU, A)LLA\ SUMBA/LLETAI H(MI=N KAI\ META\ TH\N E)/CODON. PROPAIDEI/A GA\R TA\ TH=|DE TOU= E)KEI= BI/OU POLLAPLASI/OU O)/NTOS. @*TRI/TON PO/RISMA: OU)DEI\S KAQ' E(/KASTA TEXNI/THS SW/FRWN E)STI\N W(S MH\ GINW/SKWN E(AUTO/N. A)LLA\ PW=S TO\ GINW/SKEIN E(AUTO\N <20SWFROSU/NHS>20 E)STI\N KAI\ OU) FRONH/SEWS: H)\ O(/TI SWFROSU/NHS H( E)PISTROFH/: PERI\ GA\R TO\ XEI/RISTON E)/XOUSA KAI\ MH\ E)/XOUSA PERAITE/RW KATELQEI=N, A)/NEISIN. H)\ DIA\ TO\ E)NANTI/ON: <20AI( E)P' A)/KRON EU)ECI/AI SFALERAI/.>20 O(/LWS GA\R TO\ GINW/SKEIN E(AUTO\N PA/SHS A)RETH=S E)STI/: KAI\ GA\R SWFROSU/NHS, DIA\ TH\N E)PISTROFH/N, W(S EI)/RHTAI: KAI\ FRONH/SEWS, E)PEIDH\ DIA\ GNW/SEWS H( E)PISTRO-FH/: KAI\ A)NDREI/AS, E)PEIDH\ MH\ U(POKATAKLI/NETAI TAI=S PERI\ E(AUTOU= ZHTH/- @1SESIN: KAI\ DIKAIOSU/NHS, E)PEIDH\ PROSH/KEI PRO\ TW=N A)/LLWN E(AUTO\N EI)DE/NAI. 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PA=SA ME\N GA\R E)PISTROFH\ A)PO\ TOU= XEI/RONOS E)PI\ TO\ KREI=TTON: KAI\ O(/TE ME\N O( LO/GOS PRO\S E(AUTO\N E)PISTRE/FEI, W(S E)PISTRE/FWN XEI/RWN E)STI\ TOU= PRO\S O(\ E)PISTRE/FEI. KAI\ H( ME\N TOU= A)LO/GOU PRO\S TO\N LO/GON E)PISTROFH\ POLITIKH/ E)STI SWFROSU/NH, KAI\ MO/NON TH\N SWFROSU/NHN TAU/THN DU/NANTAI E)/XEIN KAI\ OI( KAQ' E(/KASTA TEXNI=TAI KAI\ OI( POLITIKOI/: H( DE\ TOU= LO/GOU PRO\S E(AUTO\N H( KAQARTIKH\ SWFROSU/NH: H( DE\ TOU= LO/GOU PRO\S TA\ KREI/TTONA W(S H( QEWRHTIKH\ SWFROSU/NH. OI)=DEN OU)=N O( POLITIKO\S E(AUTO\N KATA\ TH\N KOINH\N SWFROSU/NHN, TH\N A)LO/GOU PRO\S LO/GON, OU) KATA\ TH\N KAQARTIKH\N H)\ QEWRHTIKH\N SWFROSU/NHN. @*TE/TARTON PO/RISMA: OU)DEI\S TW=N A)/LLWN E)RASTW=N *)ALKIBIA/DOU E)RA=|, A)LLA/ TINOS TW=N *)ALKIBIA/DOU, MO/NOS DE\ *SWKRA/THS *)ALKIBIA/DOU E)RA=| KAI\ MO/NOS E)STI\ KURI/WS E)RASTH/S: E)PEIDH\ TE/LOS TOU= E)/RWTOS H( E(/NWSIS, TA\ DE\ SW/MATA TO/PW| PERIGRA/FETAI KAI\ DI' A)LLH/LWN OU) XWREI=, AI( DE\ YUXAI\ DU/NANTAI DI' O(MOHQEI/AS KAI\ O(MOZWI/+AS DIELQEI=N DI' A)LLH/LWN [1KAI\ GA\R PRO\ TH=S E)NTAU=QA KAQO/DOU PA=SAI E(\N H)=SAN, W(S KAI\ PA=SAI AI( I)DE/AI E(/N EI)SIN KAI\ TO\ AU)TOZW=|ON POIOU=SI TH=| DII/+CEI KAI\ TO\N NOHTO\N KO/SMON PRO\ TOU= AI)SQHTOU=]1: KAI\ O(/TI O( E)/RWS TOU= KALOU= E)STI/N, O)/NTWS DE\ KALO\N TO\ E)N YUXH=|, TO\ GA\R SW=MA AI)SXRA=| TH=| U(/LH| E)PINH/XETAI. @*)EF' OI(=S TO\ TH=S E)RWTIKH=S TE/LOS GI/NETAI, O( A)NTE/RWS. 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KAI/TOI MURI/AI A)POFA/SEIS E(/NA SULLOGISMO\N OU) POIOU=SI, TH=S MIA=S POIOU/SHS. KAI\ OU) DEI= E)QE/LEIN U(PO\ POLLW=N KUNW=N U(LAKTEI=SQAI: KAI\ MA=LLON GA\R SUGKE/XUTAI TO\ PLH=QOS H)\ E(/KASTON. KAI\ TO\ PLH=QOS OU)K E)PITH/DEION EI) MH\ PRO\S TH\N DIA\ XEIRW=N BI/AN. OU(/TW DE\ KAI\ *SWKRA/THS *)ALKIBIA/DH| PEPOI/HKEN: PERIAGAGW\N GA\R AU)TO\N EI)S TA\ E)RGASTH/RIA KAQ' E(/KASTON H)RW/TA, EI) A)CIOI= U(PO\ TOU/TOU E)PAINEI=SQAI, TOU= DE\ KAQ' E(/KASTON A)POFA/SKONTOS E)PH/GAGEN "3A)LLA\ MH\N O( DH=MOS E)K TOU/-TWN"3. KAI\ KALEI= TO\ FA/RMAKON OU) MW=LU, A)LLA\ "3A)PO/DUSIN"3: A)PODU/EI GA\R ؈A)P' AU)TOU= TO\ PLH=QOS, OI)=ON POLLOU\S XITW=NAS. OU(/TW KAI\ O( PAR' *(OMH/RW| *)ODUSSEU\S OU) TO\ KOINO\N O(/LON A(/MA E)QEA/SATO, A)LL' <20"3E(/KASTON E)SE/-DRAKEN O)FQALMOI=SIN"3.>20 DHLOI= DE\ KAI\ H( *KI/RKH, E)PEIDH\ TAU/THS E)MNH/SQHMEN, TO\N E)/FORON TH=S AI)SQHTIKH=S ZWH=S: DIO\ KAI\ *(HLI/OU QUGA/THR TOU= H(GEMONOU=NTOS E)N TOI=S AI)SQHTOI=S. 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KAI\ DEI/KNUSI TOU/TWN E(KA/TERON: O( ME\N GA\R A)GAQO\S A)/RXWN, DIO/TI SUNA/PTEI E(AUTO\N QEW=| PA/NTWN A)/RXONTI, O( DE\ KAKO\S FU/SEI DOU=LOS, DIO/TI SUNA/PTEI E(AUTO\N TH=| U(/LH| XEIRI/STH| OU)/SH| KAI\ U(PO\ PA/NTWN A)RXOME/NH|. @*)EF' OI(=S E)N TW=| PE/RATI TOU= DIALO/GOU A)NAFAI/NETAI O( A)NTE/RWS: A)NTERA=| GA\R *)ALKIBIA/DHS *SWKRA/TOUS. DIO\ KAI\ A)NTIPELARGH=SAI AU)TO\N BOU/LETAI: W(/SPER GA\R OI( PELARGOI\ GHRA/SANTAS TOU\S GONEI=S E)KTRE/FOUSIN, LOU/OUSIN, E)POXOU=SI, PA/NTA A(PLW=S E)KTELOU=SIN O(/SA OI( PATE/RES EI)S AU)TOU\S E)PETE/-LESAN, OU(/TW KAI\ *)ALKIBIA/DHS MIMEI=TAI TO\N PELARGO/N. A)PEI/KASTAI GA\R O( A)NTE/RWS TW=| PELARGW=|, OU) MO/NON DIA\ TH\N E)PISTROFH/N, H(\ OI)KEI/A TW=| E)/RWTI, A)LLA\ KAI\ DIO/TI <20U(PO/PTEROS>20 O( E)/RWS, W(S E)N *FAI/DRW| FHSI/N: DIO\ KAI\ <20"3PTE/RWS"3>20 LE/GETAI PARA\ TO\ PTE/RON. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A: SUGKATAPAU/ETAI GA\R AU)TH=| SU\N QEW=| KAI\ O( PARW\N DIA/LOGOS. @$1*TO\ DE\ GINW/SKEIN E(AUTO\N LE/GOMEN SWFROSU/NHN EI)=NAI%10$ E)LE/GETO GA\R KAI\ PA/LAI W(S H( SWFROSU/NH OI)KEI/A TH=| E)PISTROFH=|, DIO/TI PERI\ TO\ E)/SXATON MO/RION E)POXEI=TAI TH=| E)PIQUMI/A|. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N OU) DU/NATAI H)REMEI=N H( H(METE/RA FU/SIS, MH\ DUNAME/NH PROI+E/NAI E)/TI U(POSTRE/FEI PRO\S TA\ KREI/TTW. <20AI(>20 GA\R <20EI)S A)/KRON EU)ECI/AI>20 DIA\ TOU=TO LE/GONTAI <20SFALERAI/.>20 @$1*)=ARA OU)=N GINW/SKONTES H(MA=S AU)TOU/S%10$ E)NTEU=QEN TOU= PRW/TOU PROBLH/-MATOS H( PRW/TH PRO/TASIS, O(/TI O( A)GNOW=N E(AUTO\N OU)DE\ TA\ E(AUTOU= OI)=DEN. KAI\ EI)/RHTAI H( A)PORI/A E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| KAI\ H( LU/SIS. @$1*KAI\ PW=S A)\N TOU=TO GE/NOITO, W)= *SW/KRATES;$ E(TOI/MWS A)POKRI/NETAI O( *)ALKIBIA/DHS, DIO/TI W)FELH/QH E)N TW=| DIALO/GW| TOU/TW| O(/TI O( MH\ EI)DW\S TH\N E(AUTOU= OU)SI/AN OU)DE\ TH\N TELEIO/THTA E(AUTOU= OI)=DEN. 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FHSI\N GA\R O(/TI "3OU) KALW=S @1 E)LE/GOMEN TO\N XRHMATISTH\N KAI\ TO\N I)ATRO\N EI)DE/NAI TA\ H(MW=N KAI\ TA\ TOU= H(MW=N MH\ EI)DO/TAS E(AUTOU/S: EI)=S GA\R KAI\ O( AU)TO\S OI)=DEN E)ME/, TO\ E)MO/N, TO\ TOU= E)MOU="3. @$1*(/OSTIS DE\ TA\ AU)TOU= A)GNOEI=%10$ H( DEUTE/RA PRO/TASIS: MI/A GA\R TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN E)PISTH/MH. LOIPO\N DE\ E)PA/GEI KAI\ TO\ SUMPE/RASMA, O(/TI OU)DE\ [4O(]4 POLITIKO/S. @$1*OU)K A)/R' A)\N GE/NOITO O( TOIOU=TOS A)NH\R POLITIKO/S%10$ E)N TW=| SUMPERA/SMA-TI E)CAI/REI TO\N LO/GON LE/GWN O(/TI OU) DU/NATAI O( TOIOU=TOS A)NH\R POLITIKO\S EI)=NAI, TOUTE/STI "3TOU= A)GAQOU= TOU= PARA\ SOI\ OU) DU/NATAI A)POLAU=SAI"3. OU(/TW KAI\ OI( R(H/TORES E)N TOI=S E)PILO/GOIS E)CAI/ROUSI TA\ PERI\ W(=N OI( LO/GOI. @$1*OU) MH\N OU)DE\ OI)KONOMIKO/S%10$ O( DEU/TEROS SULLOGISMO/S, O(/TI [2O(]2 MH\ POLITIKO\S OU)DE\ H)QIKO\S OU)DE\ OI)KONOMIKO/S: TW=| GA\R MEGA/LW| KAI\ MIKRW=| DIAFE/REI. @$1*(O DE\ MH\ EI)DW\S OU)X A(MARTH/SETAI;$ KAT' E)RW/THSIN TOU=TO: O(/TI KAI\ A)/QLIO/S E)STIN, EI) E(AUTOU= MO/NOU E)PIMELOI=TO, EI) DE\ KAI\ A)/LLWN, A)QLIOPOIO/S, KAI\ MA/LISTA EI) DU/NAMIN LA/BOI. @$1*OU)DE\ O( PLOUTH/SAS A)QLIO/THTOS A)PALLA/TTETAI%10$ O( ME\N *TI/MAIOS TH=| E)PINOI/A| E)XW/RISEN TO\ QEI=ON TOU= KO/SMOU, I(/NA KATO/YHTAI TO\N KO/SMON, O(POI=OS E)/DEI EI)=NAI XWRIZOME/NOU TOU= QEOU=: O( DE\ *SWKRA/THS TH\N DU/NAMIN E)XW/RISEN FILOSOFI/AS, I(/NA KATO/YHTAI AU)TH\N TOIAU/THN OU)=SAN, O(POI/A O)FEI/LEI EI)=NAI XWRIZOME/NH TOU= SPOUDAI/OU. @$1*OU)K A)/RA TEIXW=N OU)DE\ TRIH/RWN%10$ E)NTEU=QEN A)/RXETAI TOU= DEUTE/ROU SULLOGISMOU= TOU= LE/GONTOS O(/TI O( POLITIKO\S GINW/SKEI E(AUTO/N. FHSI\N GA\R O(/TI "3OU)K A)/RA FRONTISTE/ON TEIXW=N KAI\ TRIH/RWN, TAU=TA GA\R OU)/K EI)SIN AI)/TIA TOU= EU)DAIMONEI=N, A)LLA\ TOU= KAKODAIMONEI=N: FRONTISTE/ON DE\ TW=| POLITIKW=| TOU= A)GAQOU\S POIEI=N TOU\S POLI/TAS KAI\ [2OU)]2 PLOUSI/OUS"3. @$1*DU/NAITO D' A)/N TIS METADIDO/NAI O(\ MH\ E)/XOI;$ H( DEUTE/RA PRO/TASIS, O(/TI "3O( A)GAQOU\S POIW=N A)GAQO/S, OU)DE\ GA\R OU(= MH\ E)/XH| METADI/DWSIN. EI) DE\ TOU=TO, DEI= SE A)RETH=S A)NTIPOIEI=SQAI"3. @$1*OU)K A)/RA E)COUSI/AN SOI OU)DE\ A)RXH/N%10$ O(/TI OU) DEI= PLOU=TON KAI\ E)C-OUSI/AN PERIPOIEI=N, A)LLA\ DIKAIOSU/NHN KAI\ SWFROSU/NHN. TOU/TWN DE\ TW=N A)RETW=N E)MNH/SQH, DIO/TI TA\S A)/LLAS EI)=XEN, FRO/NHSIN W(S E(/CIN E)/XWN DIOIKHTIKH\N TW=N TH=S PO/LEWS PRAGMA/TWN, KAI\ A)NDREI/AN W(S STRATHGIKO/S. @$1*DIKAI/WS ME\N GA\R PRA/TTONTES KAI\ SWFRO/NWS%10$ TH\N TRI/THN PRO/TASIN, O(/TI O( A)GAQO\S QEOFILH/S. @$1*EI)S TO\ QEI=ON KAI\ LAMPRO/N%10$ A)/LLH PRO/TASIS, O(/TI O( QEOFILH\S TO\ E)N E(AUTW=| QEI=ON OI)=DE. DIA\ DE\ TOU= <20LAMPROU=>20 E)DH/LWSE TO\ NOERO/N: DIO\ KAI\ E)FECH=S A)NTITA/TTEI TOU/TOIS <20TO\ A)/QEON KAI\ SKOTEINO/N.>20 EI) DE\ TOU=TO, PERI\ TOU= QEI/OU TOU= A)NQRWPI/NOU KAI\ TOU= NOEROU= TOU= A)NQRWPI/NOU DIALE/GETAI, EI)/GE KAI\ TW=N A)NTIKEIME/NWN E)MNH/SQH: TA\ DE\ A)NTIKEI/MENA E)N MIA=| U(/LH| QEWREI=TAI. PW=S DE\ A)/RA LE/GEI TO\N POLITIKO\N QEWREI=N EI)S TO\ E)N @1 E(AUTW=| QEI=ON, EI)/GE KAI\ O( E)PANABEBHKW\S TOU=TON OU)K OI)=DEN TO\ E)N E(AUTW=| QEI=ON, O( KAQARTIKO/S; TOU=TO GA\R OI)KEI=ON TW=| E)NQEASTIKW=|. H)\ TO\ QEI=ON TRITTO/N E)STIN: H)\ KAT' AI)TI/AN H)\ KAQ' U(/PARCIN H)\ KATA\ ME/QECIN. OI)=DEN OU)=N O( E)NQEASTIKO\S TO\ E)N E(AUTW=| KAQ' U(/PARCIN, OU(=TOS DE\ TO\ KATA\ ME/QECIN. @$1*)ALLA\ MH\N OU(/TW GE PRA/TTONTAS U(MA=S%10$ DEI/CAS DIA\ TOU= PRW/TOU LO/GOU TOU= LE/GONTOS O(/TI O( A)GNOW=N E(AUTO\N A)/QLIO/S E)STIN, KAI\ OU) MO/NON TOU=TO, A)LLA\ KAI\ A)QLIOPOIO/S_DIA\ TOU=TO AU)TA/RKH TH\N KAKI/AN PRO\S KAKODAI-MONI/AN DEI/CAS: DIA\ DE\ TOU= DEUTE/ROU SULLOGISMOU= TOU= LE/GONTOS O(/TI O( POLITIKO\S GINW/SKEI E(AUTO\N DEI/CAS O(/TI AU)TA/RKHS H( A)RETH\ PRO\S EU)DAI-MONI/AN: FHSI\N E)NTAU=QA O(/TI "3E)GGUH/SASQAI TOU=TO AU)TO\ BOU/LOMAI E(KATE/RW| LO/GW|, O(/TI O( ME\N EU)DAI/MWN, O( DE\ KAKODAI/MWN"3. <20A)SFALH\S DE\ E)GGUH-TH\S>20 O( *SWKRA/THS W(S E)PISTH/MWN E)N LO/GOIS A)SFALH\S E)GGUHTH/S. KAI\ O( ME\N *PERI/PATOS E(\N TOU/TWN DE/XETAI, O(/TI AU)TA/RKHS H( KAKI/A PRO\S KAKODAI-MONI/AN, OU) MH\N TO\ LOIPO/N, DIO/TI BOU/LETAI A)NQRWPINW/TERON O( *)ARISTO-TE/LHS DEI=SQAI PRO\S EU)DAIMONI/AS KTH=SIN KAI\ TW=N E)KTO/S: O( DE\ *PLA/TWN A)/MFW DE/XETAI. @$1*(=WI GA/R, W)= FI/LE *)ALKIBIA/DH, E)COUSI/A ME\N H)=| POIEI=N O(\ BOU/LETAI%10$ E)NTEU=QEN DEI/KNUSIN TO\ A)KATASKEU/WS PAREILHMME/NON, O(/TI MA=LLON A)/QLIO/S E)STIN O( DU/NAMIN E)/XWN KAI\ KATASKEUA/ZEI TOU=TO DIA\ TRIW=N LO/GWN, PRW/TOU ME\N TOIOU/TOU: "3E)/OIKEN OU(=TOS NOSOU=NTI I)ATRIKO\N NOU=N MH\ E)/XONTI KAI\ MH\ PEIQOME/NW| I)ATRW=|: OU(=TOS GA\R XRW/MENOS TROFAI=S A)TA/KTOIS E)PAU/CEI TH\N KAKOXUMI/AN"3. KAI\ TAU=TA DEI= U(PEKKAI/EIN E)N TH=| YUXH=| DI/KHN A)RGURI/OU, I(/NA SUNOUSIW=NTAI H(MI=N. @$1*TURANNOU=NTI DE\ W(S MHDE\N E)PIPLH/TTOI TIS AU)TW=|%10$ TO\ DEU/TERON, O(/TI E)/OIKE TURA/NNW|. 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A)MFI/BOLOS ME\N OU)=N E)STI\N O( LO/GOS TOU= *GORGI/OU O(/TI OU) MO/NON OI( LO/GOI AU)TOU= ME/GISTOI/ EI)SI KAI\ A)/RISTOI: KAI\ GA\R KAI\ O( I)ATRO\S TO\ AU)TO\ LE/GEI, O(/TI "3E)GW\ PERI\ ME/GISTA PRA/GMATA E)/XW, TI/ GA\R MEI=ZON U(GIEI/AS;"3 KAI\ O( PAIDOTRI/BHS DE/ FHSIN O(/TI "3E)GW\ PERI\ ME/GISTA E)/XW, TI/ GA\R KREI=TTON KA/LLOUS;"3 KAI\ O( XRHMATISTH\S DE\ W(SAU/TWS TA\ XRH/MATA E)PAINEI=. KAI\ O( ME\N I)ATRO\S KAI\ O( GUMNASTH\S PRO\S TO\N *GORGI/AN MA/XONTAI [1OU) GA\R PRO\S E(AUTOU/S: H( U(GI/-EIA GA\R META\ KA/LLOUS TINO\S KAI\ A(RMONI/AS, EI) KAI\ MH\ SWMA-TIKOU= KA/LLOUS]1, O( DE\ XRHMATISTH\S KAI\ PRO\S *GORGI/AN MA/XE-TAI KAI\ PRO\S PA/NTAS. OU(/TW ME\N OU)=N A)MFI/BOLOS: A)SAFH\S DE\ O(/TI OU) DIH/RQRWSE TA\ PRA/GMATA A)LL' EI)S E)/PAINON E)XW/RHSEN. @*)ISTE/ON DE\ O(/TI OU)K AU)TO\S SKW/PTEI AU)TO/N, A)LL' W(S A)PO\ KAPH/LWN TINW=N KAI\ A)NDRW=N E)N SUMPOSI/W| EU(RISKOME/NWN GRA/FEI TO\N LO/GON. EI)=TA E)PEIDH\ ME/MNHTAI SKOLIOU=, DEI= MNH-SQH=NAI I(STORI/AS KAI\ OU(/TWS A)PODOU=NAI TH\N E)CH/GHSIN. DEI= EI)DE/NAI O(/TI PA/LAI H( MOUSIKH\ PERISPOU/DASTOS H)=N: TA\ GA\R @1 PA/QH E)KH/LEI: MOUSIKH\ DE\ H( QEI/A KAI\ OU)X H( E)/KPTWSIS. O(/TI GA\R QEI/A H)=N DHLOU=SI TA\ I)/XNH TA\ E)/TI SW|ZO/MENA. OU(/TW GOU=N SA/LPIGGOS A)KOU/ONTES PRO\S PO/LEMON E)GEIRO/MEQA, KAI\ AU)LW=N H)\ KIQA/RAS PRO\S H(DONH/N. PA/LAI OU)=N H)=SAN ME/LH I)ATIKA\ TW=N PAQW=N: OU(/TW GOU=N KA/MNONTES A)/|DONTES A)NAKWXH\N TOU= KO/POU E)LA/MBANON, KAI\ E)N TOI=S I(EROI=S DE\ PRE/PONTA ME/LH E)LE/GONTO, KAI\ E)/RWTES DE\ E)PAU/ONTO E)K TOIW=NDE MELW=N. OU(/TW GOU=N O( *PUQAGO/RAS A)PANTH/SAS NE/W| O)/NTI META\ KIQARIZOU/SHS KO/RHS KAI\ GNOU\S W(S FUSIOGNWMONIKO\S O(/TI FU/SEW/S E)STI DECIA=S O( NE/OS KAI\ DU/NATAI W)FELHQH=NAI, H)LE/HSEN AU)TO\N KAI\ E)PE/TREYEN TH=| KO/RH| METASTRE/YAI TO\N AU)LO\N H)/TOI TH\N KIQA/RAN KAI\ TOIW=SDE XRH/SASQAI, KAI\ ME/LOS KATESKEU/ASEN EU)QE/WS A)POPAU=SAN TO\N NE/ON TOU= E)/RWTOS. DIA\ TOU=TO TOI/NUN KAI\ O( *PLA/TWN MOUSIKH\N E)KE/LEUEN ZHLOU=N TOU\S E)N TH=| *POLITEI/A|, A)LLA\ MOUSIKH\N OU) TH\N DHMW/DH A)LLA\ TH\N KOSMOU=SAN TH\N YUXH/N. E)/LEGEN OU)=N FRONTI/ZEIN NOHMA/TWN, A)PAGGELI/AS, A(RMONI/AS, R(UQMOU=, SXH/MATOS KAI\ TW=N TOIOU/TWN. NOHMA/TWN ME\N W(S MH\ TA\ POIHTIKA\ A)/|DEIN, O(/TI O( *)AXILLEU\S QRHNW=N KAI\ LUPOU/MENOS H)=N PARA\ TA\S NAU=S, A)LLA\ TA\ KATAKRATOU=NTA TW=N PAQW=N, OI(=ON @@"3TE/TLAQI DH/, KRADI/H: KAI\ KU/NTERON A)/LLO POT' E)/TLHS"3: KAI\ A)PAGGELI/AN DE\ E)KE/LEUEN QEI/AN EI)=NAI KAI\ MH\ AI)SXRA/N, W(SAU/TWS KAI\ A(RMONI/AN, KAI\ R(UQMO\N PRE/PONTA, KAI\ SXH=MA SEMNO/N. @*MA/LISTA TOI/NUN E)N TOI=S SUMPOSI/OIS MOUSIKH=| E)KE/XRHNTO, E)PEIDH\ TA\ SUMPO/SIA OI(=A/ TE H)=N EI)S PA/QH KINH=SAI. XORO\S OU)=N E)GI/NETO, KAI\ EI) ME\N A)PO\ A)RISTERW=N E)PI\ TO\ DECIO\N ME/ROS @1 E)FE/RONTO, E)KALEI=TO PROW|DO\S TO\ TOIOU=TON, EI) DE\ E)PI\ A)RISTE-RO\N E)PW|DO/S, EI) DE\ E)PI\ TO\ ME/SON MESW|DO/S: KAI\ PA/LIN EI) E)PI\ TA\ O)/PISQEN STRAFE/NTES E)PI\ TO\ DECIO\N ME/ROS H)/|ESAN, STROFH\ E)KALEI=TO, EI) DE\ E)PI\ TO\ ME/SON MESW|DO/S, EI) DE\ E)PI\ TO\ A)RISTE-RO\N A)NTISTROFH/. TOU/TWN ME\N OU)=N KAI\ *STHSI/XOROS ME/MNHTAI. SUMBOLIKA\ DE\ TAU=TA H)=SAN, E)MIMOU=NTO GA\R TA\S OU)RANI/AS KINH/SEIS: H( ME\N GA\R A)PO\ TW=N A)RISTERW=N EI)S TA\ DECIA\ DUTIKH/ E)STIN, H( DE\ A)PO\ TW=N DECIW=N E)PI\ TA\ A)RISTERA\ A)NATOLIKH/: W(SAU/TWS KAI\ OI( A)RXO/MENOI A)/|DEIN KAI\ MESOU=NTES KAI\ LH/GON-TES TH\N GH=N H)|NI/TTONTO, H(/TIS A)RXH\ ME/N E)STIN W(S KE/NTRON, ME/SH DE\ DIA\ TH\N QE/SIN, TELEUTAI/A DE\ W(S U(POSTA/QMH TOU= PANTO/S. E)PEI\ TOI/NUN E)CELI/MPANE KATA\ ME/ROS H( MOUSI-KH/, MURRI/NAIS E)KE/XRHNTO: KAI\ E)LA/MBANE/ TIS AU)TH\N KAI\ A)/|DWN OU) PAREI=XE TW=| MET' AU)TO\N A)LLA\ TW=| KATA\ A)NTIKRU\ AU)TOU=, EI)=TA E)KEI=NOS TW=| PRW/TW| KAI\ PA/LIN E)KEI=NOS TW=| DEU-TE/RW|, KAI\ SKOLIA\ H( META/DOSIS E)GI/NETO KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN TO\ SKO-LIO\N ME/LOS EI)/RHTAI. @*)ISTE/ON TOI/NUN O(/TI ME/LH E)/LEGON: KAI\ O( ME\N I)ATRO\S E)/LEGEN O(/TI "3ME/GISTON TO\ E)MO\N E)/RGON: TI/S GA\R OU)K A)GAPA=| E)/XEIN U(GI/EIAN;"3 O( DE\ GUMNASTH\S PERI\ KA/LLOUS E)/FASKEN, O( DE\ XRHMATISTH\S PERI\ XRHMA/TWN, A)/LLOS DE\ O(/TI KALO\N TO\ H(BA=N META\ FI/LWN. TOU=TO TOI/NUN PARALIMPA/NEI W(S MH\ XRHSI-MEU=ON AU)TW=|, TOI=S DE\ TRISI\ KE/XRHTAI. 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KAI\ EI) A)QA/NATON U(POQH=| TO\N *)ARXE/LAON, E)/TI MA=LLON A)/QLIOS E)MME/NWN, E)PEIDH\ A)IDI/WS BLA/PTETAI, W(S EI)/RHTAI E)N TOI=S *NO/MOIS. @1 {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| KD#}1 @<20*EI)=EN>20 [&`480 a 1_481 b 5$]. @*)EZHTEI=TO E)C A)RXH=S TI/ TO\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION TH=S POLITIKH=S EU)DAIMONI/AS. O( *SWKRA/THS TOI/NUN E)/LEGEN O(/TI OU)K H)=N H( R(HTORIKH/, O( *GORGI/AS E)/FASKEN O(/TI NAI/: EI)=TA LE/GEI O( *SWKRA/-THS O(/TI "3E)PISTH/MWN E)STI\N O( R(H/TWR TW=N DIKAI/WN H)\ OU)/;"3 KAI\ A)PEDEI/XQH O(/TI OU)K E)/STI. DE/DWKE TOI/NUN O( *GORGI/AS O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN, O)FEI/LWN EI)=NAI: O( *PW=LOS LOIPO\N LE/GEI O(/TI KAKW=S SUNEXW/RHSEN O( *GORGI/AS O(/TI DEI= PA/NTWS E)PISTH/MONA EI)=NAI TO\N R(H/TORA TW=N DIKAI/WN. E)NTEU=QEN KAI\ TO\ EI)DIKO\N E)ZHTH/QH KAI\ E)DEI/XQH TA\ DI/KAIA EI)DIKA\ AI)/TIA O)/NTA. 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OU(/TW GOU=N EI)SI/ TINES LE/GONTES O(/TI "3O( DEI=NA EU)TU-XEI= A)DIKW=N, KAI\ OU(/TWS A)DIKW=N KAKW=S OU)DE/POTE E)/PTAISEN OU)DE\ PROSE/KOYEN"3. MH\ OU)=N TAU=TA LE/GETE, A)LL' EI) A)/RA MISEI=TE AU)TOU/S, EU)/XESQE I(/NA MEI/NOIEN KERDAI/NONTES KAI\ MH\ DOI=EN DI/KHN: OU) GA\R I)ATREU/ONTAI. OU(/TW GOU=N FHSI\N O( FILO/SOFOS *)AMMW/NIOS O(/TI TW=| DIDASKA/LW| *PRO/KLW| E)/LEGE/ TIS LUPOU/MENOS O(/TI "3O( DEI=NA SKAIO\S W)\N KALW=S PRA/TTEI KA)GW\ DUSTUXW="3: KAI\ A)PEKRI/QH AU)TW=| O( FILO/SOFOS *PRO/KLOS O(/TI "3EI) E)XQRO/S SOI/ E)STI, PANHGU/RIZE E(/WS OU(= BLE/PEIS AU)TO\N MH\ DIDO/NTA DI/KHN"3. W(/STE H( R(HTORIKH\ PANTO\S E)STE/RHTAI A)GA-QOU=, EI)/ GE MH/TE U(PE\R TW=N DIKAI/WN LE/GEI TI O( R(H/TWR MH/TE A(MARTA/NONTA E(AUTO\N DI/DWSI PRO\S DI/KHN. MA/TAIOS DE/ E)STIN O( R(H/TWR MHDE\N O)RQO\N E)RGAZO/MENOS. @*)/ACION DE\ ZHTH=SAI PW=S LE/GEI E)NTAU=QA O(/TI DEI= TW=N GONE/WN KAI\ TW=N A)DELFW=N A(MARTANO/NTWN KATHGOREI=N, I(/NA DOI=EN DI/KAS. 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MA/LISTA GA\R O( LO/GOS QA=TTON E)PIRRAPI/ZEI KAI\ A)PA/GEI: O( GA\R DIKASTH\S E)/STIN O(/TE KAI\ E)A=| KAI\ OU)K E)PISTRE/FEI. @<20*KAI\ A)NI/ATON>20 [&`480 b 2$]%10 DIA\ TI/ A)NI/ATON; TI/ OU)=N; A)EI\ KOLA/ZETAI MHDE/POTE A)PALLATTO/MENOS; KAI\ MH\N OU)K @1 AI)WNI/A H( KO/LASIS, EI)/ GE BOU/LETAI O( QEO\S E)PI\ TO\ A)GAQO\N H(MA=S FE/RESQAI, TO\ DE\ A)EI\ DI/KAS DIDO\N A)EI\ E)N TW=| PARA\ FU/SIN E)STI/N, TO\ DE\ PARA\ FU/SIN KAKO/N: A)/LLWS TE EI) E)PISTRE/FW-MEN I(/NA LOIPO\N NH/YWMEN, EI) TOI/NUN A)EI\ KOLAZO/MEQA MA/THN H( KO/LASIS. 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KAI\ GA\R O( *DHMOSQE/NHS FHSI\N "3TE/QNHKE *FI/LIPPOS; OU) MA\ *DI/A A)LLA\ A)SQENEI="3 KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO E)LU/PHSE TOU\S *)AQHNAI/OUS E)PI\ TO\ XRHSTO\N AU)TOU\S FE/RWN: A)LLA\ FAI/NETAI PA/LIN E)N A)/LLOIS MH\ LUPW=N. DIA\ TOU=TO TOI/NUN FAME\N O(/TI OU)K H)=SAN POLITIKOI\ A)LLA\ DIAKONIKOI\ KAI\ E)PIQUMI/AS PROTREPTIKOI/: OU) DEI= GA\R SWMA/TWN MO/NON FRONTI/ZEIN, A)LLA\ MA/LISTA YUXH=S: H( GA\R EU)DAIMONI/A TH=S YUXH=S E)STI/N, OU) TOU= SW/MATOS. XRH\ OU)=N TO\ A)GAQO\N AI)EI\ PROSAGKALI/ZESQAI. @*KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N TA\ PARA\ *PLA/TWNOS: KAI\ O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS DE\ E)N TOI=S *)HQIKOI=S FHSI\N O(/TI H( EU)DAIMONI/A H( ME\N KOINH/ E)STIN, H( DE\ I)DI/A KAI\ KAT' E)CAI/RETON: KOINH\ ME\N H(/TIS KAI\ TOI=S A)/LLOIS ZW/|OIS U(PA/RXEI, OI(=ON H( TH=S U(GIEI/AS KAI\ TH=S I)SXU/OS KAI\ TW=N TOIOU/TWN, KAT' E)CAI/RETON DE\ H( MO/NOIS A)NQRW/POIS U(PA/RXOUSA, LOGISMO\N E)/XOUSA, KAQ' H(\N XWRI-ZO/MEQA A)PO\ TW=N A)LO/GWN ZW/|WN. 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PO/RRW DE\ LO/GOU KALOU=MEN TH\N AU)LHTI-KH/N, E)PEIDH\ PRW=TON ME\N OU) KE/XRHTAI LO/GW| W(/SPER H( KIQAR- @1W|DI/A: E)KEI/NH ME\N GA\R DU/NATAI KAI\ KROU/EIN TAI=S XERSI\ TA\S XORDA\S KAI\ A)/|DEIN ME/LOS, AU(/TH DE\ TO\ STO/MA KATA\ TOU= AU)LOU= BALOU=SA LO/GON OU) PROFE/RETAI: A)/LLWS TE DE\ KALEI=-TAI PO/RRW LO/GOU O(/TI H( ME\N AU)LHTIKH\ DU/NATAI KAI\ A)/LOGA ZW=|A KINH=SAI, H( DE\ KIQARISTIKH\ OU)/, A)LLA\ MO/NA TA\ LOGIKA/. LE/GEI TOI/NUN O(/TI AU(/TH PRO\S H(DONH\N O(RA=|, W(SAU/TWS KAI\ H( KIQARISTIKH\ KAI\ H( POIHTIKH/. DEI= DE\ EI)DE/NAI O(/TI H( POIHTIKH\ GI/NETAI DHMHGORI/A: O(/PER GA\R LE/GEI KAI\ O( *)ISOKRA/THS, LA/BE TH=S POIHTIKH=S TA\ ME/TRA KAI\ TO\N R(UQMO\N KAI\ ME/NEI DHMHGORI/A, H(=| KE/XRHNTAI OI( DHMAGWGOI/: DHMAGWGOU\S DE\ KALW= TOU\S R(H/TORAS, E)PEIDH\ AU)TOI\ TO\N DH=MON A)/GOUSIN O(/PH| BOU/LONTAI. 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TO\ DE\ "3I)/SWS"3 PROSE/QHKEN, E)PEIDH\ OU) PA/NTWS: TI/ GA\R EI) PA/NU EI)/H FLEGMAI/NONTA TA\ PA/QH KAI\ MH\ TEMNO/MENA MHDE\ I)W/MENA U(PO\ TW=N LO/GWN; {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| M#}1 @<20*)ANAMNH/SQHTI D' OU)=N>20 [&`513 d 1_515 c 4$]. @*)EPEIDH\ TH=| PROTERAI/A| PERI\ TW=N *QETTALIKW=N GUNAIKW=N E)/FAMEN, A)/CION EI)PEI=N TO\ E)/QOS, DIA\ TI/ TE NOMI/ZOUSIN OI( A)/NQRWPOI TOU\S GO/HTAS KATAFE/REIN TH\N SELH/NHN KAI\ DIA\ TI/ KTUPOU=SIN E)N XALKW=| OI( POLLOI\ A)/NQRWPOI. I)STE/ON O(/TI E)/KLEIYIS OU)DE\N E(/TERO/N E)STIN H)\ STE/RHSIS FWTO/S: E)N GOU=N TH=| STERH/SEI TAU/TH| SKO/TOUS O)/NTOS MA/LISTA DAI/MONES XQO/-NIOI/ TINES PERIPLANW=NTAI W(S A)FEGGOU=S O)/NTOS TOU= PANTO/S: @1 OI( TOI/NUN A)NO/SIOI KAI\ QEOSTUGEI=S GO/HTES TO/TE KE/XRHNTAI E)PIKLH/SESI/ TISI KAI\ A)/GOUSI TOU\S TOIOU/TOUS DAI/MONAS. O( OU)=N POLU\S A)/NQRWPOS OI)/ETAI O(/TI E)KEI=NOI KATAFE/ROUSI TH\N SELH/NHN. 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LOIPO\N OU)=N KAI\ CENHLASI/AI E)GI/NONTO: E(/KASTOS GA\R E)NEQU-MEI=TO O(/TI "3EI) E)NTAU=QA MEI/NW KAI\ E)RGA/SWMAI KAI\ LA/BW NOMI/SMATA TOIAU=TA E)N TH=| E)MH=| PO/LEI, OU) DU/NAMAI AU)TOI=S XRH/SASQAI"3. TAU=TA ME\N PERI\ *LUKOU/RGOU: KAI\ OU)DE\N A)/TO-PON U(/LHN TINA\ EU(REQEI=SAN A)/XRHSTON, OI(=ON TO\N *KLE/ANDRON, E)PIBOULEU=SAI THLIKOU/TW| A)NDRI/. @*EI)/PWMEN DE/ TI KAI\ PERI\ *QHSE/WS. I)STE/ON O(/TI OI( I(STORIKOI\ @1 POLLA\ MUQW/DH W(S I(STORI/AS LE/GOUSIN. OU(/TWS GOU=N FASI\N AU)TO/XQONAS EI)=NAI TOU\S *)AQHNAI/OUS: KAI\ MH\N MUQW=DES KAI\ PANTELW=S A)NO/HTON. MU=QOS GA/R E)STIN O(/TI, O(/TE O( *(/HFAISTOS A)PE/TEMEN TH\N KEFALH\N TOU= *DIO/S, E)CH=LQEN H( *)AQHNA=, KAI\ H)/RCATO DIW/KEIN AU)TH\N O( *(/HFAISTOS W(S QE/LWN MIGH=NAI, EI)=TA MH\ KATALABW\N A)PESPE/RMAINEN E)N TH=| GH=|, KAI\ E)GE/NETO O( *)ERIXQO/NIOS, E)C OU(= OI( *)ATTIKOI/. I)DOU\ OU)=N O(/TI TAU=TA W(S I(STORI/AS OI( I(STORIKOI\ PARALAMBA/NOUSIN, E)/DEI DE\ KATA\ *PLA/TWNA AU)TO/XQONAS EI)PEI=N. 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KAI/ TINES A)LLHGO-ROU=NTES XEI/ROSI PERIPI/PTOUSIN, FASI\N GA\R O(/TI *LE/WN KAI\ *DRA/KWN GEGO/NASIN A)/NDRES DEINOI/: O( DE\ FILO/SOFOS *)AMMW/-NIOS E)/FH O(/TI "3E)MOI\ EI)=PEN POLLA/KIS O( *SO/LWN O( TH=S *)ALECAN-DREI/AS GENO/MENOS STRATHLA/THS O(/TI "OU)/, A)LL' E)N *LUKI/A| E)GE/NETO GUNH\ H(/TIS E)KALEI=TO *XI/MAIRA, KAI\ AU(/TH E)/TEKEN DU/O TE/KNA *LE/ONTA KAI\ *DRA/KONTA KALOU/MENA""3. PANTELW=S DE\ A)NO/HTA TAU=TA: A)LLA\ DIA\ ME\N TOU= LE/ONTOS OI( POIHTAI\ TO\ E)N @1 H(MI=N QUMOEIDE\S SHMAI/NOUSI, DIA\ DE\ TOU= DRA/KONTOS TO\ E)N H(MI=N E)PIQUMHTIKO/N. KAI\ PA/LIN, I(/NA E)/LQWMEN EI)S TO\N *QHSE/A, FASI\N O(/TI *PASIFA/H GE/GONEN *(HLI/OU QUGA/THR KAI\ E)FI/LHSE TAU=RON KAI\ E)POI/HSE TO\N *MINW/TAURON, O(\N E)FO/NEUSEN O( *QHSEU/S. KAI/ TINE/S FASIN O(/TI *TAU=RO/S TIS A)/NQRWPOS STRATH-GO\S TOU= *MI/NWOS EI)S E)/XQRAN AU)TW=| H)=LQEN KAI\ E)POLE/MHSEN AU)TW=|, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO *MINW/TAUROS E)KLH/QH A)NTI\ TOU= "3O( *MI/NWOS STRATHGO\S *TAU=ROS"3: PRO\S TOU=TON OU)=N E)PE/MFQH PO-LEMH/SWN O( *QHSEU/S. YEU=DOS DE/: META\ DASMOU= GA\R A)PESTA/LH, OU)K A)\N DE\ PRO\S TOIOU=TON STRATHGO\N PEMPO/MENOS DASMW=| E)PE/MPETO. KAI\ PA/LIN FASI\N *)ARIA/DNHN MI/TON DEDWKE/NAI KAI\ OU(/TWS SESWKE/NAI AU)TO\N E)K TOU= LABURI/NQOU. PA/NTA OU)=N TAU=TA E(/TERO/N TI SHMAI/NEI: O( ME\N GA\R *MINW/TAUROS TA\ E)N H(MI=N QHRIW/DH PA/QH SHMAI/NEI, O( DE\ MI/TOS QEI/AN TINA\ DU/NA-MIN E)CHMME/NHN, O( DE\ LABU/RINQOS TO\ SKOLIO\N KAI\ POLU-POI/KILON TOU= BI/OU. O( TOI/NUN *QHSEU\S A)/RISTOS W)\N KATEKRA/-THSE TW=N PAQW=N TOU/TWN, KAI\ OU) MO/NON AU)TO\S KATEKRA/TH-SEN, A)LLA\ KAI\ A)/LLOUS E)PAI/DEUSEN: TOU=TO GA/R E)STI TO\ SW=-SAI KAI\ A)/LLOUS PEMFQE/NTAS MET' AU)TOU=. I)STE/ON OU)=N O(/TI MEI/ZONA EI)=XEN O( *QHSEU\S ME/TRA TOU= *)ODUSSE/WS: E)KEI=NOS ME\N GA\R E(AUTO\N E)PAI/DEUSEN, A)/LLOUS DE\ OU)K E)DUNH/QH PAIDEU=SAI, OU) GA\R E)/SWSE TOU\S E(TAI/ROUS AU)TOU=, O( ME/NTOI *QHSEU\S KAI\ A)/LLOUS E)PAI/DEUSEN. KAI\ PA/LIN FASI\N O(/TI O( *(HRAKLH=S KATH=L-QEN EI)S *(/AIDOU KAI\ TO\N *QHSE/A E)/LABEN PEI/SAS TO\N *KE/RBERON KU/NA: KAI/ TINES PA/LIN E)ROU=SIN O(/TI *KU/WN TIS GE/GONEN A)PH-NH\S A)/NQRWPOS. YEU=DOS DE/: A)LLA\ KU/WN E)STI\N H( E)LEGKTIKH\ ZWH/, O( OU)=N *(HRAKLH=S EU)DAI/MWN W)\N KAI\ ME/GISTOS E)LE/GXWN PA/NTAS E)/SW|ZEN. KAI\ GA\R OI( IB# AU)TOU= A)=QLOI E(/TERA SHMAI/-NOUSIN. KAI\ PA/LIN FASI\ TO\N *SKI/RWNA E)N TW=| *)ISQMW=| O)/NTA PERI\ KRHMNW/DEIS TO/POUS, OU(\S O( FILO/SOFOS *)AMMW/NIOS E)/FH I(STORHKE/NAI, KELEU/EIN TOU\S PARIO/NTAS NI/PTEIN AU)TOU= TOU\S @1 PO/DAS KAI\ LAKTI/ZEIN AU)TOU\S KAI\ FONEU/EIN: A)/LLOI DE\ EU)NO-MW/TATON AU)TO\N KAI\ DIKAIO/TATO/N FASIN. W(/STE A)MFIBA/LLE-TAI TAU=TA W(S MUQW/DH KAI\ OU) DEI= PISTEU/EIN A)MFIBA/LLOUSIN AU)TOI=S. @*EI) DE/ TIS EI)/POI O(/TI "3OU)KOU=N OU)DE\ TOI=S FILOSO/FOIS PISTEU-TE/ON, E)PEIDH\ A)MFIBA/LLOUSI, KAI\ OI( ME\N U(/DWR FASI\ TH\N YUXH\N OI( DE\ A)E/RA, OI( DE\ QNHTH\N OI( DE\ A)QA/NATON"3, FAME\N O(/TI E)NTAU=QA PISTEU/OMEN TOI=S MA=LLON TAI=S KOINAI=S E)N-NOI/AIS A)KOLOUQOU=SIN, E)KEI= DE\ OU)/K EI)SI KOINAI\ E)/NNOIAI, I(/NA DIA\ TOU/TWN PAIDAGWGHQW=MEN. DEI= OU)=N PRO/TERON A)NAPTU/S-SEIN TOU\S MU/QOUS, KAI\ GA\R KAI\ O( *PLA/TWN A)NAPTU/SSEI: OU(/TWS GOU=N E)N TOI=S PROLABOU=SIN EI)=PEN, TI/ ME/N E)STI PI/QOS, TI/ DE\ TA\ KO/SKINA KAI\ TA\ LOIPA/. OU) DEI= OU)=N E)PI\ TW=N MU/QWN ME/NEIN, A)LLA\ FRONTI/ZEIN A)RI/STHS POLITEI/AS. A)ME/LEI KAI\ E)N TW=| *FAI/DRW| E)RWTHQEI\S O( *SWKRA/THS, TI/ E)STI TO\ TOU= *MINW-TAU/ROU KAI\ TA\ TW=N TOIOU/TWN MU/QWN, FHSI\N O(/TI "3E)GW\ OU)K OI)=DA TI/S O(/LWS EI)MI/, KAI\ PW=S E)/XW TH\N E)MAUTOU= FU/SIN E)A/SAS TAU=TA ZHTEI=N;"3 SPEU/DEIN OU)=N XRH\ TH\N E(AUTOU= OU)SI/AN, TI/S POTE/ E)STI, MANQA/NEIN: TOU/TOU GA\R MEI=ZON OU)DE/N. O(/TI DE\ O( *SKI/RWN EU)DAI/MWN H)=N, PISTOU=NTAI/ TINES E)K TOU= *AI)AKOU= PENQERO\N EI)=NAI, O(/ E)STI PA/PPON *PHLE/WS KAI\ *TELAMW=NOS. A)/LLWS TE DEI= TOI=S TA\ TOIAU=TA MUQA/RIA LE/GOUSIN EI)PEI=N O(\ A)PEKRI/QH *PLA/TWN TW=| *DIONUSI/W| PERI\ TOU= *(HRAKLE/OUS, O(/TI "3EI) ME\N TAU=TA A)LHQH= E)STI\N A(\ PERI\ AU)TOU= LE/GOUSIN, OU)/TE *DI/IOS H)=N OU)/TE EU)DAI/MWN, A)LL' A)/QLIOS: EI) DE\ *DI/IOS H)=N KAI\ EU)DAI/MWN, YEUDH= E)STI\ TAU=TA"3. W(SAU/TWS DE\ KAI\ PERI\ *QHSE/-WS DEI= EI)PEI=N O(/TI "3EI) TOIAU=TA E)POI/EI OI(=A OI( MU=QOI LE/GOUSIN, AI)SXRO\S H)=N, EI) DE\ H(/RWS H)=N, DH=LON O(/TI A)/LLA TINA\ DIA\ TOU/TWN AI)NI/TTONTAI"3. E)PEIDH\ DE\ H)PO/ROUN TINE\S O(/TI E)FO/NEUSAN AU)TO\N OI( *)AQHNAI=OI, YEU=DOS: E)CEBLH/QH ME\N GA\R U(P' AU)TW=N, OU) @1 MH\N E)FONEU/QH. PANTAXOU= TOI/NUN DEI= KATAFRONEI=N TW=N MU/QWN KAI\ E)PEI/GESQAI E)PI\ TH\N A)LH/QEIAN KAI\ TAU/THN DIW/KEIN W(S EU)ZWI/+AS H(MI=N AI)TI/AN GINOME/NHN. {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| ME#}1 @<20*)EPI\ POTE/RAN OU)=N ME PARAKALEI=S>20 [&`521 a 2_522 e 8$]. @*)/EDEICEN O( *SWKRA/THS TO\ POIHTIKO\N AI)/TION TH=S POLITIKH=S EU)DAIMONI/AS O(/TI H( A)RETH/ E)STIN, E)PEI\ OU)/TE H( DIDASKALIKH\ R(HTORIKH\ OU)/TE H( DHMAGWGIKH/. 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KAI\ DH\ FILOU=NTES AU)TO\N W)/MOSAN, KAI\ E)PEIDH\ E)FU/LATTON, I(/NA TH=| AI)DOI= TH=| PERI\ TO\N O(/RKON KRATH/SWSI TH\N POLITEI/AN, E)PI\ CE/NHS A)PE/QANEN O( *LUKOU=RGOS: KAI\ E)/SPEUSEN A)FANE\S GENE/SQAI AU)TOU= TO\ SW=MA, I(/NA MH\ META\ QA/NATON LA/BWSIN AU)TO\ *LAKEDAIMO/NIOI KAI\ LOIPO\N LU/SWSI TOU\S O(/RKOUS W(S H)/DH DECA/MENOI TO\N *LUKOU=R-GON. E)/MEINE TOI/NUN E)PI\ POLU\ PAR' AU)TOI=S A)RI/STH POLITEI/A A)/XRI *)/AGIDOS TOU= TOU= *)ARXIDA/MOU. DEI= OU)=N PANTAXOU= TH\N A)RETH\N DIW/KEIN: XWRI\S GA\R TAU/THS A)DU/NATON POLITIKO\N GENE/SQAI. @1 @*(O TOI/NUN *KALLIKLH=S, W(S EI)/RHTAI, TO\N *SI/SUFON MIMEI=TAI: U(PERKU/PTEI ME\N GA\R TW=N PAQW=N, PA/LIN DE\ KAQE/LKETAI. KAI\ A(PLW=S E)/PAQE/N TI U(PO\ TW=N *SWKRATIKW=N LO/GWN: KAI\ TW=N ME\N A)/LLWN PAQW=N KAQUFH=KEN, TARA/TTEI DE\ AU)TO\N TO\ TOU= QANA/TOU PA/QOS KAI\ ME/GISTON KAKO\N OI)/ETAI TO\N QA/NATON. O( TOI/NUN *SWKRA/THS LE/GEI O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN TOU=TO ME/GISTON KAKO/N, OU)DE\ GA\R DEI= LUPEI=SQAI E)PI\ TW=| QANA/TW|, E)PEIDH\ OU)DE\ E)F' H(MI=N E)STI/N: O( PISTEU/SAS OU)=N TOU=TO H(MI=N TO\ SW=MA PA/LIN A)FAIREI=TAI AU)TO/, O(/TE BOU/LETAI. W(/STE OU)=N ME/GISTON KAKO/N E)STI TO\ TH\N YUXH\N BLA/PTEIN. OU) DEI= OU)=N A)FAIREI=SQAI XRH/MATA, E)PEI\ TH\N OI)KEI/AN YUXH\N A)DIKEI= O( TOU=TO POIW=N: KA)\N GA\R PA/NTA A(\ A)FEI=LEN XRH/MATA A)DI/KWS DW=| TOI=S DEO-ME/NOIS, OU)DE\N H(=TTON H)DI/KHSE TH\N E(AUTOU= YUXH/N, E)/DEI GA\R AU)TO\N MA=LLON PEI=SAI TO\N E)/XONTA DIADOU=NAI TOI=S DEOME/NOIS KAI\ MH\ AU)TO\N BI/A| LABEI=N. LE/GEI TOI/NUN O( *KALLIKLH=S O(/TI ME/GISTON KAKO\N O( QA/NATOS: H( OU)=N R(HTORIKH\ MEGI/STH E)STI\N W(S R(UOME/NH TOU= KAKOU=, H( DE\ FILOSOFI/A TO\ A)NA/PALIN, KAI\ KATAFRONEI=TAI. OU(/TWS GOU=N KAI\ E(/LKETAI O( FILO/SOFOS BI/A| KAI\ KATA\ KO/RRHS TU/PTETAI KAI\ OU)DE\N TOLMA=| POIH=SAI. 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DEI= DE\ EI)DE/NAI O(/TI OI( FILO/-SOFOI MI/AN TW=N PA/NTWN A)RXH\N OI)/ONTAI EI)=NAI KAI\ E(\N TO\ PRW/-TISTON AI)/TION U(PERKO/SMION, "3E)C OU(= PA/NTA PE/FUKEN"3, O(\ OU)DE\ O)NO/MATI E)KA/LESAN: TI/S GA\R O)NOMATOQESI/A E)KEI/NOU; A)ME/LEI KAI/ FHSI/N TIS E)N U(/MNW|: @@"3PW=S SE TO\N E)N PA/NTESSIN U(PEI/ROXON U(MNOPOLEU/SW; @@TI/S DE\ LO/GOS ME/LYEI SE TO\N OU)DE\ NO/W| PERILHPTO/N;"3 W(/STE LE/GOUSI MI/AN EI)=NAI TH\N PA/NTWN A)RXH/N, OU)K A)ME/SWS DE\ TAU/THN PARA/GEIN TA\ TH=|DE: TOU=TO GA\R A)\N A)/TAKTON H)=N, EI) H(MEI=S AU)TO/QEN U(PO\ TOU= PRW/TOU AI)TI/OU PARHGO/MEQA. QE/LEI GA\R O(/SON OI(=O/N TE/ E)STI TO\ AI)TIATO\N E)COMOIOU=SQAI TW=| AI)TI/W|: O(/SON OU)=N A)\N H)=| MEI=ZON TO\ AI)/TION TOU= AI)TI/OU, TOSOU=-TON KAI\ TO\ AI)TIATO\N TOU= AI)TIATOU=: OU(/TW GOU=N KAI\ O( MA=LLON @1 E)PISTH/MWN MA=LLON EU)DOKI/MOUS MAQHTA\S DIDA/SKEI. 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TAU=TA OU)=N E)STI\ TA\ POIHTIKA/, KAI\ OU) DEI= TARA/TTESQAI. @*LE/GEI TOI/NUN O(/TI A)PO\ TOU= *KRO/NOU DIENEI/MANTO TH\N BASI-LEI/AN O( *ZEU\S KAI\ O( *POSEIDW=N KAI\ O( *PLOU/TWN. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ O( *PLA/TWN POIHTIKO\N OU) PLA/TTEI MU=QON A)LLA\ FILO/SOFON, OU)K EI)=PEN, W(S OI( POIHTAI/, O(/TI BI/A| TINI\ E)/LABON TH\N BASI-LEI/AN TOU= *KRO/NOU, A)LLA\ E)/FH "3DIENEI/MANTO"3. TI/ DE/ E)STI TO\ A)PO\ *KRO/NOU LABEI=N TO\N NO/MON; NO/MOS E)STI\N H( TOU= NOU= DIA-NOMH/, EI)/RHTAI DE\ O(/TI O( *KRO/NOS SHMAI/NEI TO\N NOU=N: DIA\ TOU=TO OU)=N E)KEI=QEN O( NO/MOS. I)STE/ON DE\ O(/TI TRITTH\ H( FU/SIS TW=N E)GKOSMI/WN META\ TA\ U(PERKO/SMIA_E)KEI=NA GA\R KAI\ A)/NEU SWMA/TWN PANTELW=S, KAI\ TW=N OU)RANI/WN, TUGXA/NEI O)/NTA: _ TRITTA\ OU)=N E)STI\ TA\ E)GKO/SMIA: TA\ ME\N OU)RA/NIA, TA\ DE\ XQO/NIA, KAI\ TA\ METACU\ TOU/TWN, A(/ E)STI PU/RIA, A)E/RINA, U(DA/-TINA. TA\ ME\N OU)=N OU)RA/NIA E)/XEI O( *ZEU/S, TA\ DE\ XQO/NIA O( *PLOU/-TWN, TA\ DE\ METACU\ O( *POSEIDW=N. PA/LIN DIA\ TOU/TWN DUNA/- @1MEIS E)FESTHKUI=AI TOU/TOIS SHMAI/NONTAI: O( GA\R *ZEU\S SKH=P-TRON DIA\ TOU=TO E)/XEI W(S SHMAI/NWN TO\ DIKASTIKO/N, O( DE\ *POSEIDW=N DIA\ TOU=TO TRI/AINAN W(S E)/FOROS TOU= TRITTOU= TOU/-TOU TOU= METACU/, O( DE\ *PLOU/TWN KUNE/AN DIA\ TO\ SKOTEINO/N: W(/SPER GA\R H( KUNE/A KRU/PTEI TH\N KEFALH/N, OU(/TWS KAI\ AU(/TH H( DU/NAMIS TW=N A)FANW=N E)STI/. @*KAI\ MH\ NOMI/SHTE O(/TI OI( FILO/SOFOI LI/QOUS TIMW=SI KAI\ TA\ EI)/DWLA W(S QEI=A: A)LL' E)PEIDH\ KAT' AI)/SQHSIN ZW=NTES OU) DUNA/MEQA E)FIKE/SQAI TH=S A)SWMA/TOU KAI\ A)U/LOU DUNA/MEWS, PRO\S U(PO/MNHSIN E)KEI/NWN TA\ EI)/DWLA E)PINENO/HTAI, I(/NA O(RW=N-TES TAU=TA KAI\ PROSKUNOU=NTES EI)S E)/NNOIAN E)RXW/MEQA TW=N A)SWMA/TWN KAI\ A)U/LWN DUNA/MEWN. @*LE/GETAI TOI/NUN KAI\ TOU=TO PARA\ TW=N POIHTW=N, O(/TI O( *ZEU\S TH=| *QE/MIDI MIGEI\S E)POI/HSE TREI=S QUGATE/RAS, *EU)NOMI/AN *DI/KHN *EI)RH/NHN. *EU)NOMI/A ME\N OU)=N POLITEU/ETAI E)N TH=| A)PLA-NEI=, E)KEI= GA\R A)EI\ KAI\ W(SAU/TWS H( AU)TH\ KI/NHSIS KAI\ OU)DE\N DIH|RHME/NON: E)N ME/NTOI TH=| TW=N PLANWME/NWN H( *DI/KH, E)NTAU=QA GA\R H( TW=N A)STE/RWN DIA/KRISIS, O(/POU DE\ DIA/KRISIS, E)KEI= XREI/A DI/KHS TH=S PRO\S A)CI/AN NEMOU/SHS: E)NTAU=QA DE\ H( *EI)RH/NH, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ H( MA/XH E)NTAU=QA, O(/POU GA\R MA/XH, E)KEI= XREI/A EI)RH/NHS_MA/XH DE\ QERMOU= YUXROU=, U(GROU= CHROU=, PLH\N KAI/PER MA/XH OU)=SA SUMBA/LLETAI. @*TAU=TA OU)=N E)STI\ TA\ U(PO\ TW=N POIHTW=N. DIA/ TOI TOU=TO KAI\ TO\N *)ODUSSE/A LE/GOUSIN KATA\ QA/LATTAN PLANA=SQAI BOULH=| TOU= *POSEIDW=NOS: SHMAI/NOUSI GA\R TH\N *)ODU/SSEION ZWH/N, O(/TI OU)DE\ XQONI/A H)=N A)LL' OU)DE\ MH\N E)/TI OU)RANI/A, A)LLA\ ME/SH: E)PEI\ OU)=N O( *POSEIDW=N TOU= METACU\ TO/POU KU/RIO/S E)STI, DIA\ @1 TOU=TO KAI\ TO\N *)ODUSSE/A FASI\ [2PLANA=SQAI]2 BOULH=| *POSEI-DW=NOS, E)PEIDH\ TO\N KLH=RON TOU= *POSEIDW=NOS EI)=XEN. OU(/TW GOU=N KAI\ TOU\S ME/N FASIN *DIO\S UI(OU/S, TOU\S DE\ *POSEIDW=NOS, TOU\S DE\ *PLOU/TWNOS, PRO\S TOU\S KLH/ROUS E(KA/STOU: TO\N ME\N GA\R E)/XONTA QEI/AN KAI\ OU)RANI/AN POLITEI/AN *DIO/S FAMEN UI(O/N, TO\N DE\ XQONI/AN *PLOU/TWNOS, TO\N DE\ TH\N METACU\ *POSEI-DW=NOS. KAI\ PA/LIN O( *(/HFAISTOS DU/NAMI/S TI/S E)STIN TOI=S SW/MA-SIN E)FESTHKUI=A, KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO EI)=PEN PERI\ AU)TOU= "3PA=N DE\ H)=MAR FERO/MHN"3, E)PEIDH\ A)EI\ TW=N SWMA/TWN E)PIMELEI=TAI: DIA\ TOU=TO GA\R KAI\ E)N FU/SAIS E)RGA/ZETAI, A)NTI\ TOU= "3E)N TAI=S FU/SESIN"3, AU(/TH GA\R H( DU/NAMIS PROA/GEI TH\N FU/SIN EI)S TO\ KH/DESQAI TW=N SWMA/TWN. @*)EPEI\ TOI/NUN ME/MNHTAI E)NTAU=QA MAKA/RWN NH/SWN KAI\ DI/KHS KAI\ TI/SEWS KAI\ DESMWTHRI/OU, EI)/PWMEN TI/ E)STIN E(/KASTON AU)TW=N. OI( ME\N OU)=N GEWGRA/FOI FASI\ TA\S MAKA/RWN NH/SOUS PERI\ TO\N *)WKEANO\N EI)=NAI KA)KEI= A)PIE/NAI TA\S YUXA\S TA\S EU)= BEBIWKUI/AS. TOU=TO DE\ A)NO/HTON: *KNH/MWNOS GA\R BI/ON OU(/TWS E)/ZWN AI( YUXAI\ E)KEI= E)CWTA/TW A)PIOU=SAI W(S MHDENO\S QE/LOU-SAI METE/XEIN. TI/ OU)=N FAME/N; I)STE/ON O(/TI OI( FILO/SOFOI TO\N BI/ON TO\N A)NQRW/PEION QALA/TTH| A)PEIKA/ZOUSIN DIA\ TO\ TARA-XW=DES KAI\ GO/NIMON KAI\ A(LMURO\N KAI\ E)PI/PONON. DEI= DE\ EI)DE/NAI O(/TI AI( NH=SOI U(PERKU/PTOUSI TH=S QALA/SSHS A)NWTE/RW OU)=SAI: TH\N OU)=N POLITEI/AN TH\N U(PERKU/YASAN TOU= BI/OU KAI\ TH=S GENE/SEWS MAKA/RWN NH/SOUS KALOU=SIN. TAU)TO\N DE/ E)STI KAI\ TO\ *)HLU/SION PEDI/ON: DIA/ TOI TOU=TO KAI\ O( *(HRAKLH=S TELEU-TAI=ON A)=QLON E)N TOI=S E(SPERI/OIS ME/RESIN E)POIH/SATO, A)NTI\ TOU= @1 KATHGWNI/SATO TO\N SKOTEINO\N KAI\ XQO/NION BI/ON, KAI\ LOIPO\N E)N H(ME/RA|, O(/ E)STIN E)N A)LHQEI/A| KAI\ FWTI/, E)/ZH. @*)ISTE/ON DE\ O(/TI DIAFE/REI TI/SIS DI/KHS. H( ME\N GA\R DI/KH KAQ-OLIKWTE/RA E)STI/N, FE/RETAI GA\R KAI\ KATA\ TW=N A)NOSI/WN H( DI/KH TIMWROUME/NH AU)TOU/S, FE/RETAI DE\ KAI\ KATA\ TW=N DIKAI/WN A)POLAU/EIN PARE/XOUSA E)PIKARPIW=N: H( DE\ TI/SIS MERIKH/ E)STI KATA\ MO/NWN TW=N H(MARTHKO/TWN GINOME/NH. @*TI/ DE/ E)STI TO\ EI)=NAI E)N TH=| TI/SEI DESMWTH/RION; I)STE/ON O(/TI OI( FILO/SOFOI OI)/ONTAI SH/RAGGAS E)/XEIN TH\N GH=N W(/SPER TH\N KI/SHRIN, KAI\ O(/TI DIATE/TRHTAI A)/XRI TOU= E)SXA/TOU TOU= KE/N-TROU AU)TH=S: E)NTAU=QA DE\ KATA\ TO\ KE/NTRON DIAFO/ROUS TINA\S TO/POUS KAI\ PURI/NOUS KAI\ KATAYU/XROUS KAI\ *XARWNI/AS DU-NA/MEIS EI)=NAI, W(S DHLOU=SIN AI( A)NAQUMIA/SEIS TH=S GH=S. KA-LEI=TAI OU)=N OU(=TOS O( TO/POS O( E)/SXATOS *TA/RTAROS. DEI= TOI/NUN EI)DE/NAI O(/TI ME/NOUSIN E)NTAU=QA AI( YUXAI\ AI( KAKW=S BIW/SA-SAI XRO/NON TINA/, A)/XRI OU(= TO\ O)/XHMA AU)TW=N DW=| DI/KHN: E)PEIDH\ GA/R, W(S EI)/RHTAI, DIA\ GLUKUQUMI/AN H(/MARTON, DI' A)LGU/N-SEWS KAI\ KOLA/ZONTAI. I)STE/ON OU)=N O(/TI TO\ DESMOU/MENON A)KI/-NHTON ME/NEI KRATOU/MENON: E)PEI\ OU)=N FERO/MENAI E)N TW=| *TAR-TA/RW| OU)KE/TI KINOU=NTAI_KE/NTRON GA/R E)STI TH=S GH=S KAI\ @1 OU)K E)/STIN AU)TOU= KATWTE/RW: EI) GA\R KINHQW=SIN, PA/LIN A)/NW A)PE/RXONTAI, TA\ GA\R U(PE\R TO\ KE/NTRON A)/NW E)STI/N: _DIA\ TOU=TO OU)=N E)KEI= E)STI\ TO\ DESMWTH/RION, TW=N DAIMONI/WN KAI\ XQONI/WN DUNA/MEWN E)FISTAME/NWN. TA\S DAIMONIW/DEIS GA\R DUNA/MEIS DIA\ TOU= *KERBE/ROU KUNO\S KAI\ TW=N TOIOU/TWN SHMAI/-NOUSIN. KAI\ I)DOU\ E)/XEIS E)NTEU=QEN DIAFORA\N QEI/WN KAI\ NERTE-RI/WN DUNA/MEWN. @<20*)=HN OU)=N NO/MOS O(/DE>20 [&`523 a 5$]%10 EI)/RHTAI POLLA/KIS O(/TI E)PI\ TOU= QEI/OU OU)DE\ TO\ H)=N OU)DE\ TO\ E)/STAI LE/GETAI, E)PEIDH\ TO\ ME\N H)=N PARH=LQEN KAI\ OU)KE/TI E)STI/N, TO\ DE\ E)/STAI A)TELE\S KAI\ MH/PW O)/N: OU)DE\N DE\ TOU/TWN E)PI\ TOU= QEI/OU E)NNOH=SAI DUNATO/N. OU)DE\ OU)=N TO\ H)=N OU)DE\ TO\ E)/STAI E)PI\ AU)TOU= LE/GETAI, TO\ DE\ E)/STIN A)EI/. E)PEI\ TOI/NUN O( *PLA/TWN W(S MU=QON PROFE/REI TOU=TON, DIA\ TOU=TO EI)=PEN TO\ "3H)=N"3, I(/NA DW=| XW/RAN TW=| MU/QW|: E)PEIDH\ DE\ OU) POIHTIKO\S O( MU=QOS A)LLA\ FILO/SOFOS, E)PH/GA-GEN KAI\ TO\ "3A)EI/ E)STIN"3. H)\ TO\ "3A)EI/ E)STIN"3 EI)=PEN, E)PEIDH\ A)PO\ TOU= *KRO/NOU EI)=PEN PROENHNE/XQAI, O(/ [2E)STIN]2 A)PO\ TOU= NOU=: TAU=TA DE\ A)EI/ E)STIN. @<20*KAI\ O(SI/WS>20 [&`523 a 7_b 1$]%10 DI/KAIOS LE/GETAI O( PERI\ A)N-QRW/POUS FULA/TTWN TA\ DI/KAIA, O(/STIS DE\ KAI\ PERI\ TO\ QEI=ON EU)= E)/XEI, OU(=TOS KAI\ O(/SIOS: A)ME/LEI A)NOSI/OUS TOU\S A)QE/OUS A)POKALOU=MEN. DI/KAIOS OU)=N KAI\ O(/SIO/S E)STIN O( KAI\ QEO\N TIMW=N KAI\ A)NQRW/POIS TA\ PRO\S A)CI/AN NE/MWN. @1 {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=| MH#}1 @<20*TOU/TWN DE\ DIKASTAI\ E)PI\ *KRO/NOU>20 [&`523 b 4_e 6$]. @*(H POLITIKH\ H(/ TE QEI/A KAI\ H( A)NQRWPI/NH DIAI/RESIN POIEI= TW=N O)/NTWN KAI\ DIAIREI= EI)/S TE TOU\S A)/RXONTAS, O(/ E)STI TOU\S DIKA/ZONTAS KAI\ NOMOQETOU=NTAS, KAI\ EI)S TOU\S DIKAZOME/-NOUS. MU=QON TOI/NUN PARADI/DWSI TOIOU=TON, O(/TI PA/LAI O( *PLOU/TWN A)PH/GGEILEN TW=| *DII\ W(S MOXQHRW=S AI( DI/KAI GI/NON-TAI KAI\ PAR' A)CI/AN: EI)SI\N GA/R TINES OI(\ EU)= BIW/SANTES EI)S TO\N *TA/RTARON E)/RXONTAI KAI\ OU)K A)PI/ASIN EI)S MAKA/RWN NH/SOUS, KAI\ A)/LLOI AI)SXRW=S BIW/SANTES KAI\ O)FEI/LONTES TOU= *TARTA/ROU A)POLAU=SAI, KAI\ EI)S TA\S MAKA/RWN NH/SOUS A)PE/RXONTAI. LE/GEI TOI/NUN O( *ZEU\S O(/TI "3E)GW\ PAU/SW TH\N DI/KHN TAU/THN, PAU/SW DE\ POIH/SAS MHKE/TI TOU\S DIKA/ZONTAS E)N SW/MASI DIKA/ZEIN A)LLA\ GUMNOU/S, KAI\ TOU\S DIKAZOME/NOUS O(MOI/WS OU)KE/TI E)N SW/MASIN A)LLA\ KAI\ AU)TOU\S GUMNOU/S: PRO\S TOU/TOIS DE\ KAI\ A)FELW= TH\N PRO/GNWSIN TOU= QANA/TOU, W(/STE MH\ EI)DE/NAI PO/TE A)POQNH/|SKOUSIN"3. @*OU(/TWS ME\N OU)=N O( MU=QOS W(S MU=QOS PROI+W\N TA\ A(/MA O)/NTA A)EI\ OU) FULA/TTEI A(/MA, A)LLA\ DIAIREI= EI)S TO\ PRO/TERON KAI\ U(/STERON, KAI\ PRO/TERA TA\ A)TELE/STERA LE/GEI, EI)=Q' OU(/TWS TA\ TE/LEIA: DEI= GA\R A)PO\ TW=N A)TELW=N E)PI\ TA\ TE/LEIA PRO-KO/PTEIN. O(\ DE\ LE/GW TOU=TO/ E)STIN: FHSI\N O( MU=QOS O(/TI PA/LAI ME\N E)N SW/MASIN H)=SAN OI( DIKA/ZONTES, NU=N DE\ GUMNOI/, KAI\ O(/TI PA/LAI ME\N MOXQHRW=S E)GI/NONTO AI( DI/KAI, NU=N DE\ A)GAQW=S. I)DOU\ TOI/NUN O(/TI DIAIREI=: DEI= DE\ EI)DE/NAI O(/TI W(S MU=QOS TOU=TO POIEI=, E)PEI\ KATA\ A)LH/QEIAN, W(S DEI/COMEN, KAI\ A)EI\ GUMNOI\ OI( DIKASTAI\ KAI\ A)EI\ META\ SWMA/TWN, KAI\ A)EI\ OI( DIKAZO/MENOI GUMNOI\ KAI\ A)EI\ META\ SWMA/TWN, KAI\ A)EI\ MOXQHRAI\ DI/KAI KAI\ A)EI\ KA/LLISTAI. EI)/PWMEN OU)=N TA\S E)CHGH/SEIS TOU= MU/QOU, KAI\ A)NAFAI/NETAI TOU=TO. @1 @*FHSI\N O( *PLA/TWN O(/TI MOXQHRAI\ GI/NONTAI AI( DI/KAI, KAI\ OI( ME\N KAKW=S BIOU=NTES A)POSTE/LLONTAI EI)S MAKA/RWN NH/SOUS, OI( DE\ EU)= POLITEUSA/MENOI EI)S *TA/RTARON. TOU=TO SHMAI/NEI TH\N DI/KHN TH\N H(METE/RAN TH\N TOU= BI/OU TOU/TOU: H(MEI=S GA\R POLLA/KIS MOXQHROU= A)NQRW/POU A)POQNH/|SKONTO/S FAMEN O(/TI "3BABAI/, OI(=OS A)/NQRWPOS QEI=OS A)PE/QANEN: A)PE/LQOI EI)S MAKA/-RWN NH/SOUS"3: KAI\ I)DOU\ H(MEI=S KATA\ TH\N H(METE/RAN KRI/SIN OU) PE/MPOMEN AU)TO\N EI)S *TA/RTARON W(S A)/QLION, A)LL' EI)S MAKA/-RWN NH/SOUS. TOU=TO DE\ POIOU=MEN E)MPAQW=S KRI/NONTES: POL-LA/KIS GA\R KAI\ I)/SMEN O(/TI MOXQHRO\S H)=N, A)LL' E)PEIDH\ SUN-EKRO/TEI H(MA=S H)/GOUN TRE/FWN H)\ KE/RDH PERIPOIW=N H)/ TI E(/TE-RON, EU)FHMOU=MEN AU)TO\N W(S A)GAQO/N. E)/STI DE\ O(/TE OU)K E)MPA-QW=S ZW=NTES TAU=TA POIOU=MEN, A)LLA\ A)PAQW=S ME\N H)PATHME/-NWS DE/: POLLA/KIS GA\R NOMI/ZOMEN KATA\ TO\ FAINO/MENON A)GAQO\N AU)TO\N EI)=NAI KAI\ DIA\ TOU=TO E)PAINOU=MEN, H)PATH/MEQA DE/: E)/XEI GA\R KEKRUMME/NHN KHLI=DA. I)DOU\ OU)=N O(/TI H(MEI=S KAKW=S KRI/NO-MEN: OI( DE\ QEI=OI DIKASTAI\ KALW=S, I)/SASI GA\R TOU/S TE O)FEI/-LONTAS EI)S TO\N *TA/RTARON A)PELQEI=N KAI\ TOU\S EI)S TA\S MAKA/-RWN NH/SOUS. PRO\S OU)=N TH\N H(METE/RAN KRI/SIN O( MU=QOS EI)=PEN MOXQHRW=S GI/NESQAI TA\S DI/KAS. O(/RA TOI/NUN O(/TI KAI\ H(MEI=S A)EI\ DIESTRAMME/NWS KAI\ MOXQHRW=S KRI/NOMEN KAI\ TA\ QEI=A A)EI\ QEI/WS: O( ME/NTOI MU=QOS A)PO\ TW=N A)TELW=N A)RCA/MENOS KAI\ EI)PW\N O(/TI "3PA/LAI MOXQHRW=S AI( DI/KAI E)GI/NONTO"3, E)PI\ TA\ TE/LEIA XWREI= FA/SKWN O(/TI "3NU=N DE\ DIKAI/WS"3. DIA\ TI/ DE\ MH\ O( *ZEU\S A)F' E(AUTOU= TOU=TO E)POI/HSEN, A)LL' O( *PLOU/TWN A)GGE/L-LEI AU)TW=|; FAME\N O(/TI DIA\ TOU/TOU SHMAI/NETAI O(/TI A)EI\ TA\ XEI/RONA PRO\S TA\ KREI/TTONA E)PISTRE/FEI: W(S XEI/RWN OU)=N DU/NA-MIS E)PI\ TH\N DIKASTIKH\N DU/NAMIN E)PISTRE/FEI. @*TAU=TA ME\N OU)=N PERI\ TOU= EI)PEI=N TI/ SHMAI/NEI TO\ TW=N MOXQH-RW=N DIKW=N, E)/LQWMEN DE\ PA/LIN EI)S TO\ DEI=CAI TI/ E)STI TO\ PA/LAI ME\N E)N SW/MASI, NU=N DE\ GUMNOI/. PA/LIN KA)NTAU=QA TA\ A(/MA O( MU=QOS DIAIREI= KAI\ A)PO\ TW=N A)TELESTE/RWN H(MA=S E)PI\ TO\ TE/-LEION PROKALEI=TAI. DEI= TOI/NUN EI)DE/NAI O(/TI KA)NTAU=QA TO/N TE @1 BI/ON H(MW=N TOU=TON AI)NI/TTETAI KAI\ TO\N E)KEI=: H(MEI=S ME\N GA\R E)N SW/MASIN O)/NTES KRI/NOMEN E)N SW/MASIN O)/NTAS TOU\S KRI-NOME/NOUS, E)NTEU=QEN DE\ A)PA/TH GI/NETAI, DIA\ GA\R TO\N PLOU=-TON TO\N PERIKEI/MENON KAI\ TH\N POLLH\N PERIOUSI/AN TOU= KRI-NOME/NOU A)NAGKAZO/MEQA KAKW=S KRI/NEIN KAI\ KEXARISME/NA LE/GEIN A)/RXOUSI KAI\ TOI=S TOIOU/TOIS: E)KEI= DE\ GUMNOI\ OI( DIKA-STAI/. W(/SPER GA\R OI( DIA\ SFE/KLOU O(RW=NTES OU) KAQARW=S O(RW=SIN, OU(/TWS KAI\ OI( META\ SWMA/TWN KRI/NONTES OU)K A)KRAI-FNW=S KRI/NOUSIN. GUMNOI\ OU)=N OI( E)KEI= DIKASTAI/: W(SAU/TWS KAI\ OI( KRINO/MENOI, OU) GA\R E)CAPATW=SI PERIOUSI/A| XRHMA/TWN TOU\S DIKASTA/S. I)DOU\ OU)=N KAI\ PERI\ TOU= [2O(/TI]2 A)EI/ TE GUMNOI\ OI(/ TE DIKA/ZONTES KAI\ OI( DIKAZO/MENOI KAI\ A)EI\ META\ SWMA/TWN: A)LL' W(S MU=QOS TO\ A)TELE\S PROE/TACEN E)PI\ TO\ GUMNO\N KAI\ TE/LEION O(DEU/WN. TAU=TA DE\ OI( E)CHGHTAI\ H)DUNH/QHSAN E(LEI=N DIA\ BA/QOUS XWRH/SANTES TW=N *PLATWNIKW=N LE/CEWN: SAFW=S GA\R TAU=TA BOA=| KAI\ OU)DE\N E(/TERON. @*)EPEI\ TOI/NUN EI)RH/KAMEN PERI\ TOU/TOU, LOIPO\N KAI\ TO\ G# ZHTH/SWMEN, TI/ E)STI TO\ A)FELEI=N TH\N PRO/GNWSIN TOU= QANA/-TOU. FAME\N GA\R O(/TI "3W(S A)GAQO/N TI E)POI/HSE TH\N PRO/GNWSIN TOU= QANA/TOU H)\ W(S KAKO/N; EI) ME\N GA\R W(S A)GAQO/N, DIA\ TI/ NU=N A)FH/|RHTAI AU)TH\N A)GAQH\N OU)=SAN; EI) DE\ W(S KAKO\N AU)TH\N OU)=SAN A)FEI/LATO, DIA\ TI/ O(/LWS KAKO/N TI OU)=SAN AU)TH\N PROH/GA-GEN E)C A)RXH=S;"3 E)PEI\ OU)=N TAU=TA A)POREI=TAI KATA\ TO\ FAINO/ME-NON, DEI= EI)PEI=N TH\N KEKRUMME/NHN A)LH/QEIAN. 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KAI\ MH/ TIS A)POREI/TW O(/TI "3EI) PA=SA E)NE/RGEIA @1 E)N TE/LEI OU)=SA DI' AU)TO\ TO\ TE/LOS E)STI\N KAI\ OU) DEI=TAI A)/LLOU TE/LOUS, OI(=ON TO\ EU)/XESQAI DI' AU)TO\ TO\ EU)/XESQAI AI(ROU/MEQA: _EI) OU)=N KAI\ H( E)PITH/DEUSIS TOU= QANA/TOU, E)NE/RGEIA/ E)STIN E)N TE/LEI OU)=SA, OU) DEH/SETAI A)/LLOU TE/LOUS, OI(=ON AU)TOU= TOU= QANA/TOU, A)LLA\ A)EI\ QELH/SEI O( FILO/SOFOS E)N TW=| EI)=NAI QA/NATON E)PITHDEU/EIN"3. PRO\S GA\R TOU=TO R(HTE/ON: "3A)LL' OU) TOU=TO TE/LOS E)STI\N A(PLW=S, TO\ QA/NATON MELETH=SAI, KAI\ OU)X O(/MOION TO\ PARA/DEIGMA TOU=TO TO\ TH=S EU)XH=S, A)LLA\ TO\ TEQNA/NAI TE/LOS E)STI/. DIO\ KAI\ DIAFE/REI TO\ A)POQNH/|SKEIN TOU= TEQNA/NAI: A)POQNH/|SKEI ME\N GA\R QA/NATON MELETW=N O( KAQARTIKO/S, KAQAI/RWN E(AUTO\N TW=N PAQW=N, TE/QNHKEN DE\ H)/DH O( QEWRHTIKO/S, KEXW/RISTAI GA\R TW=N PAQW=N: DIO\ OU) PROSPOIH/SETAI OU(=TOS TO\ A)POQNH/|SKEIN"3. @*TH\N DE\ PRO/SLHYIN KATASKEUA/ZEI DIA\ A)PODEI/CEWS KATHGORIKOU= SULLOGISMOU=. 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OU(/TW KAI\ E)N TW=| PTA/RNUSQAI A)FANTASIA/STWS E)NERGOU=MEN: EI) GA\R FANTASQW=MEN, DIAKO/PTETAI KAI\ O( PTARMO/S: DIO\ KAI\ "3ZH=QI"3 FAME/N, W(S TOU= ZW/|OU DEOME/NOU KATA\ FANTASI/AN E)NERGEI=N KAI\ KINDUNEU/ONTOS MH\ EI)=NAI. @<20*(/EWS A)\N O( QEO\S AU)TO\S A)POLU/SH|>20 [&`67a6$]%10 QEO\N E)NTAU=QA KALEI= TO\N *DIO/-NUSON, DIO/TI OU(=TOS E)/FOROS KAI\ ZWH=S KAI\ QANA/TOU, ZWH=S ME\N DIA\ TOU\S *TITA=NAS, QANA/TOU DE\ DIA\ TH\N MANTEI/AN TH\N PERI\ TO\N QA/NATON. E)/FOROS GA\R PA/SHS BAKXEI/AS: DIO\ OU) MO/NON KWMIKW=N E)/FORO/S E)STIN W(S PERI\ H(DONA\S KATAGINOME/NWN, A)LLA\ KAI\ TRAGIKW=N PERI\ LU/PAS KAI\ QANA/TOUS KATAGINOME/NWN. @<20*(WS TO\ EI)KO/S>20 [&`67a7_8$]%10 OU)K E)NDOIA/ZWN TO\ "3EI)KO/S"3, A)LLA\ TOUTE/STI TO\ E)OIKO/S. 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KAI\ OU(/TWS H)LEUQERW/SAMEN AU)TO\N A)DOLESXI/AS. @*EI)=TA DEI/KNUSI PA/LIN O(/TI O( FILO/SOFOS E)QELH/SEI A)POQNH/|SKEIN, OU(/TWS: "3O( FILO/SOFOS FEU/GEI TA\ AI)SQHTA\ KAI\ DIW/KEI TA\ NOHTA/, O( TOIOU=TOS XWRI/ZEI E(AUTO\N TOU= SW/MATOS, O( XWRI/ZWN E(AUTO\N A)POQNH/|SKEIN E)QE/LEI, KAI\ DH=LON TO\ SUMPE/RASMA"3. EI) DE\ KAI\ A)NWTE/RW [&`64a4_66a10$] TOU/TOU E)MNHMO/NEUSEN, A)LL' OU)K A)DOLESXEI=: A)NWTE/RW ME\N GA\R A(PLOU=N H)=N TO\ SUNHMME/NON, E)/LEGE GA\R "3O( FILO/SOFOS FEU/GEI TA\ AI)SQHTA/"3, E)NTAU=QA DE\ SU/NQETO/N E)STIN, E)/FH GA\R O(/TI "3O( FILO/SOFOS FEU/GEI TA\ AI)SQHTA\ KAI\ DIW/KEI TA\ NOHTA/"3. @*EI)=TA/ FHSIN O(/TI "3GELOI=O/N"3 E)STI PAR' O(/LON TO\N BI/ON E)QE/LEIN A)POQNH/|SKEIN, H(/KONTOS DE\ TOU= QANA/TOU DEDIE/NAI [&`67d12$]. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ KAI\ A)NWTE/RW KAI\ E)NTAU=QA GELOI/OU E)MNHMO/NEUSEN, TI/ TO\ GELOI=ON PARA\ *PLA/TWNI; GELOI=ON TOI/NUN E)STI\N AI)SXRO\N A)SQENE/S: DIO\ KAI\ O( *QERSI/THS GELOI=OS H)=N, "3AI)/SXISTOS"3 GA\R "3A)NH\R U(PO\ *)/ILION H)=LQEN"3 [*B &`216$]. OI)KEI=ON DE\ TH=| U(/LH| KAI\ TO\ AI)SXRO\N W(S A)NEIDE/W| KAI\ A)KALLEI=: A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ TO\ A)DU/NAMON, DIO/TI A)DUNAMI/AN E)/XEI PA/NTWN TW=N O)/NTWN. KAI\ H( H(METE/RA DE\ YUXH\ DE/DIEN TO\N QA/NATON H)\ DIA\ A)/GNOIAN KAI\ AI)=SXOS H)\ DIA\ A)SQE/NEIAN KAI\ DEILI/AN. @*EI)=TA KAI\ A)/LLWS KATASKEUA/ZEI O(/TI OI( FILO/SOFOI A)POQNH/|SKEIN E)QE/LOUSIN [&`68a3_b4$]. EI) GA\R OI( PAR' H(MI=N A)NQRWPI/SKOI TELEUTA=N BOU/LONTAI E)RW=NTE/S TINWN, @1 OI)O/MENOI E)KEI=SE O)/YESQAI TA\ PAIDIKA\ KAI\ SUNE/SESQAI TOU/TOIS, KAI/TOI MH\ PA/NTWS QEW/MENOI DIA\ TO\ U(PO\ DIAFO/ROUS A)GELA/RXAS TELEI=N: _AI( ME\N GA\R TW=N YUXW=N *PAIW/NIOI, AI( DE\ *SELHNAI=AI: W(S GA/R FHSIN E)N *TIMAI/W| [&`42d4_5$], E)GKATE/SPEIREN O( DHMIOURGO\S *(HLI/W| KAI\ *SELH/NH| TA\S YUXA/S: DIO\ KAI\ A)POTUXI/AI H)\ E)PITUXI/AI E)N TOI=S E)PITHDEU/MASI GI/NONTAI DIA\ TO\ A)SU/MFWNON EI)=NAI POLLA/KIS TH\N PROBOLH\N TAI=S E)C A)RXH=S AI(RE/SESIN: AI( GA\R MEGALOURGOI\ ZWAI\ KAI\ MEGA/LA KATORQW/MATA E)/XOUSI SU/MFWNON E)/XOUSAI TH=| AI(RE/SEI TH\N PROBOLH/N, AI( DE\ A)POTUXI/AI DIA\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN GI/NONTAI, "3POLLOI\ GA\R *PLA/TWNES TH\N GH=N SKA/PTOUSIN"3, W(S E)/FH TIS: _ POLLW=| OU)=N MA=LLON OI( FILO/SOFOI E)QE/LOUSIN A)POQNH/|SKEIN, EI)DO/TES A)KRIBW=S O(/TI TEU/CONTAI E)KEI=SE TOU= E)FETOU=. @*KAI/ FHSIN [&`68b5_c4$] O(/TI EI) FILO/SOFOS, A)DEH\S PERI\ TO\N QA/NATON, OU)K EI)=PEN DE/, EI) A)DEH\S PERI\ TO\N QA/NATON, KAI\ FILO/SOFOS: POLLOI\ GA\R DIA\ QRA/SOS KAI\ PROPE/-TEIAN E)QE/LOUSIN A)POQNH/|SKEIN MH\ O)/NTES FILO/SOFOI. EI) OU)=N FILO/SOFOS, KAI\ A)DEH\S @1 PERI\ TO\N QA/NATON, KAI\ EI) MH\ A)DEH\S PERI\ TO\N QA/NATON, OU) FILO/SOFOS, A)LLA/ TIS FILOSW/MATOS: O( TOIOU=TOS DE\ H)\ FILOXRH/MATO/S E)STIN H)\ FILO/TIMOS. @*KAI\ DIA\ TI/ TO\ FILH/DONON PARH=KEN [&`68b7_c3$]; O( ME\N *(ARPOKRATI/WN [&frg. 4$] A)PORH/SAS OU)K E)PELU/SATO: O( DE/ GE *PRO/KLOS FHSI\N O(/TI FILHDO/NOU OU)K E)MNHMO/-NEUSEN, DIO/TI A)NWTE/RW [&`64d1_4$] EI)=PEN O(/TI DEI= FEU/GEIN TA\S H(DONA/S. 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TAU=TA E)/XEI H( PAROU=SA QEWRI/A. @<20*OU) KAI\ H( O)NOMAZOME/NH A)NDREI/A TOI=S OU(/TW>20 [&`68c5$]%10 "3O)NOMAZOME/NH"3 U(PO\ TW=N POLLW=N: O)NO/MATOS GA\R MO/NOU KOINOU= METE/XOUSIN [4H)\]4 PERI\ TO\ PRA=GMA DIAFERO/MENOI, A)GNOOU=SI GA\R TA\S A)LHQEI=S A)RETA/S. @<20*)OLIGWROU=SI/ TE KAI\ E)N FILOSOFI/A| ZW=SIN>20 [&`68c11_12$]%10 "3ZHTOU=SIN OI( E)CHGHTAI\ TI/ DH/ POTE DIKAIOSU/NHS OU)K E)MNHMO/NEUSE MO/NHS TW=N A)/LLWN A)RETW=N. KAI\ O( ME\N *PRO/KLOS FHSI\N O(/TI OU)K E)/STIN E)NARGW=S KRA=SIS H(=| E(/PETAI H( DIKAIOSU/NH: OU)DE\ GA/R, W(/SPER E)PI\ TW=N A)/LLWN A)RETW=N E)STIN EU(REI=N KRA=SIN A)FWRISME/NHN E(KA/STH| TW=N A)RETW=N, OU(/TWS E)STI\N EU(REI=N KAI\ E)PI\ TH=S DIKAIOSU/NHS: OU) GA/R E)STIN AU(/TH SWMATIKH\ A)RETH/, KAQA/PER AI( A)/LLAI, A(\S NU=N A)NDRAPODW/DEIS LE/GEI. TOU=TO DE\ OU) PIQANO/N, A)LLA\ MA=LLON R(HTE/ON TO\ E)N TH=| QEWRI/A| EI)RHME/NON, O(/TI W(S E)PIFAINOME/NHN TAI=S A)/LLAIS A)RETAI=S PARH=KEN TH\N DIKAIOSU/NHN, TOU=TO DH\ TO\ TOU= *DAMASKI/OU. @<20*OI)=SQA, H)= D' O(/S, O(/TI TO\N QA/NATON H(GOU=NTAI PA/NTES OI( A)/LLOI TW=N MEGA/LWN KAKW=N;>20 [&`68d5_6$]%10 EI) OU)=N TIS H(MA=S E)/ROITO, "3PO/TERON O( *SWKRA/THS KAKO\N H(GEI=TO TO\N QA/NATON H)\ OU) KAKO/N; EI) ME\N OU)=N KAKO/N, OU) FILO/SOFOS: EI) DE\ OU) KAKO/N, OU)K A)NDREI=OS, OI(=S MH\ H(GEI=TAI KAKOI=S E)PIBATEU/WN, OU) GA\R A)NDREI=OS O( TA\ [2MH\]2 FOBERA\ MH\ DEDIW/S"3; H)\ KAT' AU)TO\ TOU=TO A)NDREI=OS, DIO/TI TA\ TOI=S A)/LLOIS FOBERA\ OU) FOBERA\ W)/|ETO, E)PEI\ KAI\ PA=SA A)NDREI/A E)N TOU/TW| QEWREI=TAI. @<20*)=W MAKA/RIE *SIMMI/A, MH\ GA\R OU)K AU)TH\>20 [&`69a6$]%10 PROSFO/RWS NU=N TO\ "3W)= MAKA/RIE"3, DIO/TI A)NA/GEI E)PI\ MEI/ZOUS A)RETA/S, TA\S POLITIKA/S, AI(=S OI)KEI=ON TO\ MAKARISTO/N. DIA\ DE\ TW=N EI)RHME/NWN DIAKRI/NAS TA\S YEUDWNU/MOUS A)RETA\S TW=N H)QIKW=N KAI\ FUSIKW=N E)NTEU=QEN TA\S POLITIKA\S DIAKRI/NEI KAI\ TW=N YEUDWNU/MWN. @1 @<20*(/WSPER NOMI/SMATA, A)LL' H)\ E)KEI=NO MO/NON NO/MISMA O)RQO/N>20 [&`69a9_10$]%10 TA\S ME\N KATALLAGA\S TW=N YEUDWNU/MWN A)RETW=N PLHQUNTIKW=S "3NOMI/SMATA"3 KALEI=, TA\S DE\ POLITIKA\S A)RETA\S E(NIKW=S "3NO/MISMA"3: OI)KEI=ON GA\R AU)TAI=S TO\ E(\N H)/PER TAU/TAIS. @<20*)WNOU/MENA/ TE KAI\ PIPRASKO/MENA>20 [&`69b1_2$]%10 E)NE/MEINE TH=| METAFORA=| TOU= NOMI/SMATOS MNHSQEI\S W)NH=S KAI\ PRA/SEWS. @<20*KAI\ CULLH/BDHN A)LHQH\S A)RETH/>20 [&`69b3$]%10 I)DOU\ E)PI\ TW=N POLITIKW=N "3TW=| O)/NTI"3 I)DI/A| KAI\ "3A)LHQEI=S"3 I)DI/A|, OU) MH\N A(/MA A)/MFW, E)PI\ DE\ TW=N KAQARTIKW=N A(/MA A)/MFW. @<20*TO\ DE\ A)LHQE\S TW=| O)/NTI H)=| KA/QARSI/S TIS TW=N TOIOU/TWN>20 [&`69b8_c1$]%10 PARWNU/MWS A)PO\ TH=S KAQARTIKH=S ZWH=S "3KA/QARSIS"3. DIAKRI/NEI DE\ DIA\ TOU/TWN TA\S KAQARTIKA\S A)RETA\S TW=N POLITIKW=N: EI)=TA KAI\ TAU/TAS DIAKRI/NEI TW=N QEWRH-TIKW=N, O(/TI AI( ME\N FEU/GOUSI TA\ PA/QH KAI\ FILOSOFOU=SIN OI( TAU/TAS E)/XONTES, AI( DE\ PEFEU/GASIN. @<20*KAI\ KINDUNEU/OUSI KAI\ OI( TA\S TELETA\S H(MI=N OU(=TOI>20 [&`69c3_4$]%10 KINDU-NEU/OUSI FAU=LOI EI)=NAI DIA\ TO\ MUQW/DH LE/GEIN. @<20*KAI/ TI H)NU/SAMEN, E)KEI=SE E)LQO/NTES SAFE/S>20 [&`69d5$]%10 OU)X O(/TI H)GNO/EI O( *SWKRA/THS KAI\ DISTA/ZWN TAU=TA LE/GEI, A)LLA\ TOU=TO DIA\ FILO/SOFON EU)LA/BEIAN: FORTIKO\N GA\R TO\ E(AUTO\N E)PAINEI=N. OU(/TW DH\ KAI\ A)NWTE/RW [&`63b9_c4$] E)/LEGEN "3O(/TI PARA\ DESPO/TAS A)GAQOU\S A)/PEIMI, A)KRIBW=S OI)=DA, EI) DE\ PARA\ A)NDRA/SIN A)GAQOI=S, OU)/PW DH=LON"3. TINE\S DE/ FASIN O(/TI A)MFIBA/LLEI O( *PLA/TWN EI) A)QA/NATOS H( YUXH/, DIO\ TAU=TA LE/GEI O( *SWKRA/THS. O( DE/ GE FILO/SOFOS *)AMMW/NIOS MONO/BIBLON E)/GRAYEN EI)S TO\ XWRI/ON A)POLOGOU/MENOS U(PE\R AU)TOU=. PW=S DE\ A)MFIBA/LLEIN EI)=XEN O( E)FECH=S DIA\ A)RRAGW=N LO/GWN DEIKNU\S TH\N YUXH\N A)I/DION KAI\ O( A)LLAXOU= [&3Rep. &X &`618e4_619a1$] EI)PW\N O(/TI "3DEI= A)DAMANTI/NOIS DESMOI=S TAU=TA E)/XONTA KATIE/NAI EI)S *(/AIDOU"3; @<20*EI)/ TI OU)=N U(MI=N PIQANW/TERO/S EI)MI E)N TH=| A)POLOGI/A|>20 [&`69e3_4$]%10 EI)KO\S GA\R H)=N AU)TO\N PIQANW/TERON EI)=NAI PARA\ TOI=S MAQHTAI=S H)\ PARA\ TW=| DH/MW|, DIO/TI DIDASKALIKH=| PEIQOI= OU)K H)=N XRH/SASQAI E)PI\ DH/MOU. KAI\ O(/TI PARA\ ME\N TW=| DH/MW| @1 PERI\ TH=S POLITIKH=S AU)TOU= ZWH=S E)KRI/NETO, PARA\ DE\ TOI=S MAQHTAI=S PERI\ TH=S KAQARTIKH=S, KAI\ A)KRIBE/STERON TOU= U(POKEIME/NOU TO\ U(POKEI/MENON: DIO\ EI)KO\S KAI\ PIQANW/TERON. {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=|}1 @<20*EI)PO/NTOS DE\ TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS TAU=TA U(POLABW\N O( *KE/BHS>20 [&`69e6_70c5$]. @*DEI/CAS O( *SWKRA/THS O(/TI O( FILO/SOFOS A)DEH\S PERI\ TO\N QA/NATON DIO/TI E)LPI/ZEI PARA\ KREI/TTOSI DESPO/TAIS KAI\ FI/LOIS A)PIE/NAI, E)PEIDH\ DU/O TAU=TA EI)SH/GAGEN, KAI\ TO\ EI)=NAI PRO/NOIAN TO\ KAT' A)CI/AN E(KA/STW| A)FORI/ZOUSAN, I(/NA KAI\ LH/CEWN PROSHKOUSW=N TU/XH| O( FILO/SOFOS, E)/TI MH\N KAI\ TO\ TH\N YUXH\N A)I/DION EI)=NAI, I(/NA TU/XH| TW=N KAT' A)CI/AN, O( *KE/BHS PRO\S ME\N TO\ PRW=TON, TO\ EI)=NAI PRO/NOIAN, OU)K A)POREI= A(/TE DH\ PEPEISME/NOS TOU/TW|, E)PIZHTEI= DE\ EI) H( YUXH\ A)QA/NATOS: DIO\ DIA-DE/XONTAI OI( PERI\ A)QANASI/AS TH=S YUXH=S LO/GOI. DEI/KNUSIN OU)=N O( *SWKRA/THS O(/TI H( YUXH\ A)QA/NATOS DIA\ LO/GOU TOIOU/TOU: "3EI) TO\ ZW=N KAI\ TO\ TEQNEO\S E)C A)LLH/LWN, EI)SI\N A)/RA H(MW=N AI( YUXAI\ E)N *(/AIDOU: A)LLA\ MH\N TO\ PRW=TON: KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERON A)/RA"3. @*(/INA DE\ TOU/TW| PARAKOLOUQH/SWMEN, A)/NWQE/N POQEN A)RCW/MEQA. I)STE/ON TOI/NUN O(/TI DITTA\ TA\ E)NANTI/A BOU/LETAI EI)=NAI O( *PLA/TWN, H)\ GA\R AU)TA\S TA\S POIO/THTAS H)\ TA\ E)/XONTA TA\S POIO/THTAS [&`103a11_c2$]: KAI\ AU)TA\S ME\N TA\S POIO/THTAS OU) BOU/LETAI METABA/LLEIN EI)S A)LLH/LAS, A)LLA\ META\ A)LLH/LAS AU)TA\S BOU/LETAI, DIO/TI OU)DE\N ME/ROS TH=S LEUKO/THTOS E)N TH=| METABOLH=| TH=| EI)S TO\ ME/LAN, TA\ DE/ GE DEDEGME/NA SW/MATA BOU/LETAI METABA/LLEIN EI)S A)/LLHLA, DIO/TI ME/NEI [2TI]2 E)N TH=| METABOLH=| TW=N E)NANTI/WN, OI(=ON TO\ SW=MA. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ ZWH\ KAI\ QA/NATOS E)NANTI/A E)STI/ [1KAI\ TOU=TO DEI/KNUSIN O( *PRO/KLOS H)/TOI O( *SURIANO/S: SUNTA/TTEI GA\R AU)TA\ TOI=S OI)KEI/OIS U(POMNH/MASIN, LE/GW DH\ TA\ *SURIANOU=, MH\ GRA/FWN EI)S AU)TA\ W(S TOU= DIDASKA/LOU GRA/YANTOS: DEI/KNUSIN OU)=N TOU=TO OU(/TWS: "3ZWH\ KAI\ QA/NATOS @1 SU/GKRISIS KAI\ DIA/KRISI/S E)STIN, TAU=TA E)NANTI/A, KAI\ DH=LON TO\ SUMPE/RASMA"3]1: _ E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA [4OU)]4 METABA/LLEI EI)S A)/LLHLA W(S AI( POIO/THTES, H)/TOI MET' A)/LLHLA/ EI)SIN, DEI= A)/RA E)N TH=| METABOLH=| TOU/TWN EI)=NAI/ TI TO\ ME/NON, DIO/TI KAI\ E)N PA/SH| METABOLH=|: KAI\ E)PEIDH\ TO\ SW=MA OU) ME/NEI, A)NASTOIXEIOU=TAI GA/R, U(PO/LOIPO/N E)STI TH\N YUXH\N ME/NEIN: KAI\ EI) A)EI\ ME/NEI, A)EI\ A)/RA E)STI\N H( YUXH/. @*)ALL' O(/SON E)PI\ TOU/TW|, KAI\ H( FUTIKH\ YUXH\ A)QA/NATO/S E)STIN, EI)/ GE KAI\ SUGKRI/NETAI TW=| FUTW=| KAI\ DIAKRI/NETAI. H)\ OU)K A)KRIBH\S AU(/TH H( SU/GKRISIS OU)DE\ H( DIA/KRISIS: DEI= GA\R TO\ SUGKRINO/MENON EI)=NAI PRO\ TH=S SUGKRI/SEWS, W(SAU/TWS TE KAI\ TO\ DIAKRINO/MENON, O(/PER OU)K E)/STIN EI)PEI=N E)PI\ TH=S FUTIKH=S YUXH=S. EI) DE/ TIS LE/GOI "3A)LL' OU)DE\ E)PI\ TH=S LOGIKH=S W(MOLO/GHTAI O(/TI E)STI\ PRO\ TH=S SUGKRI/SEWS KAI\ META\ TH\N DIA/KRISIN, KAI\ TO\ E)N A)RXH=| AI)TEI=TAI O( *PLA/TWN"3, R(HTE/ON O(/TI TOU=TO O(MOLO-GOU/MENON E)C AU)TOU= TOU= PROSDIALEGOME/NOU. O( GA\R *KE/BHS H)RW/THSEN EI) KAQA/PER KAPNO\S H)\ PNEU=MA E)CIO\N E)C A)SKOU= META\ TH\N E)/CODON FQEI/RETAI: EI) DE\ PNEU/MATI AU)TH\N A)PEI/KASEN KAI\ KAPNW=|, DH=LOS A)/RA E)STI\ BOULO/MENOS KAI\ META\ TH\N E)/CODON U(FESTA/NAI AU)TH/N. @*)APOROU=SI DE/ TINES LE/GONTES O(/TI OU) PA/NTA TA\ E)NANTI/A E)C A)LLH/LWN GI/NETAI: I)DOU\ GA\R TO\ KAQEU=DON ME\N E)K TOU= E)GRHGORO/TOS GI/NETAI, OU) PA/NTWS DE\ KAI\ TO\ E)GRHGORO\S E)K TOU= KAQEU/DONTOS, TO\ GA\R PAIDI/ON E)GRHGORO\S GENNA=TAI MH\ PRO/TERON KAQEUDH=SAN: TI/ OU)=N A)/TOPON KAI\ TO\N QA/NATON ME\N E)K TH=S ZWH=S GI/NESQAI KAI\ TO\ ZW=N EI)S TO\ TEQNEO\S METABA/LLEIN, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN; DIA\ TI/ GA\R O( *PLA/TWN SUNE/TACE ZWH\N KAI\ QA/NATON TOI=S METABA/LLOUSIN A)/MFW EI)S A)/LLHLA E)NANTI/OIS, OU) MH\N U(/PNW| KAI\ E)GRHGO/RSEI; @1 @*PA/LIN FASI\N O(/TI TO\ ME\N PRESBU/TERON E)K NEWTE/ROU GE/GONEN, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ TO\ NEW/TERON E)K TOU= PRESBUTE/ROU. @*)EK TRI/TOU DE\ A)POROU=SI LE/GONTES O(/TI TO\ ME\N NEW/TERON METABA/LLEI EI)S TO\ PRESBU/TERON, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ TO\ PRESBU/TERON EI)S TO\ NEW/TERON. @*PRO\S ME\N OU)=N TO\ PRW=TON KAI\ TO\ DEU/TERO/N FHSIN O( *PRO/KLOS H)/TOI O( *SURIANO\S O(/TI TO\ E)GRHGORO\S OU) KATA\ PRW=TON LO/GON E)K TH=S FU/SEWS GI/NETAI, A)LLA\ PARE/PETAI TOU=TO: E)PEI\ EI) PROELOME/NHS TH=S FU/SEWS TOU=TO E)GI/NETO, PA/NTWS A)\N E)K KAQEU/DONTOS E)GEGO/NEI. A)LL' W(/SPER E)N TW=| A)POCE/EIN TO\N TE/KTONA TO\ CU/LON E(/LIKES PARAKOLOUQOU=SIN E)N TH=| CE/SEI TOU= TE/KTONOS MH\ PROELOME/NOU TAU/TAS POIH=SAI, OU(/TW KAI\ E)PI\ TOU= E)GRHGORO/TOS PARAKOLOU/QHMA/ E)STI TOU=TO TH=S FU/SEWS OU) PROELOME/NHS. OU(/TW DE\ KAI\ NEW/TERON GI/NETAI OU)K E)K PRESBUTE/ROU, DIO/TI OU) KATA\ PRW=TON SKOPO\N TOU=TO U(PO\ TH=S FU/SEWS E)GE/NETO, E)PEI\ PA/NTWS A)\N E)K PRESBUTE/ROU E)GEGO/NEI. @*PRO\S DE\ TO\ TRI/TON TO\ LE/GON O(/TI OU)K A)NA/GKH METABA/LLEIN TA\ E)NANTI/A EI)S A)/LLHLA, I)DOU\ GA\R TO\ PRESBU/TERON OU) METABA/LLEI EI)S TO\ NEW/TERON, FHSI\N O(/TI DUNATO\N TW=| TRO/PW| TOU/TW| METABA/LLEIN KAI\ TO\ PRESBU/TERON EI)S TO\ NEW/TERON, KAI\ MHXANA=TAI TRO/PON TOIOU=TON: E)A\N GA/R, FHSI/N, U(POQW/MEQA/ TINA Z# XRO/NWN O)/NTA KAI/ TINA NEWSTI\ TEXQE/NTA, OU(=TOS KAT' A)RXA\S ME\N O(/LW| E(AUTW=| U(PERE/XEI TOU= TEXQE/NTOS [1TA\ GA\R E(PTA\ TOU= MHDENO\S O(/LW| U(PERE/XEI]1, PROKO/PTONTOS DE\ TOU= XRO/NOU O( ME\N O)KTW\ E)TW=N GI/NETAI, O( DE\ E)NIAUTOU=, KAI\ METABA/LLEI E)K TOU= O(/LW| E(AUTW=| U(PERE/XEIN EI)S TO\ ME/REI TINI\ E(AUTOU= U(PERE/XEIN [1TA\ GA\R O)KTW\ TOU= E(NO\S ME/REI KAI\ OU)X O(/LW| E(AUTW=| U(PERE/XOUSIN]1, KAI\ OU(/TW PROKO/PTONTOS TOU= XRO/NOU KAQAIREI=TAI O( O)KTAPLASI/WN LO/GOS KAI\ E)LA/SSWN GI/NETAI, W(/STE METABA/LLEIN TO\ PRESBU/TERON E)PI\ TO\ NEW/TERON, KATA\ ME/ROS GA\R NEW/TEROS GI/NETAI W(S PRO\S TO\N E)C A)RXH=S PARABALLO/MENOS. OU(/TW DE\ E)/XEI KAI\ TA\ PRA/GMATA: O(RW=MEN GA/R TINOS A)/RTI TEXQE/NTOS U(PERBA/LLONTAS H(MA=S POLLW=|, EI)=TA PROI+O/NTOS TOU= XRO/NOU KAQAI-ROUME/NHN TH\N U(PEROXH\N KAI\ E)LA/TTONA TO\N LO/GON TH=S AU)CH/SEWS GINO/MENON. @1 @*KAI\ TAU=TA ME\N W(S PRO\S TA\S A)PORI/AS. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ EI)/WQEN A)/NW KAI\ KA/TW [2QRULEI=SQAI]2 W(S EI)SA/GEI O( *PLA/TWN TH\N METEMYU/XWSIN_H)/TOI TH\N METENSW-MA/TWSIN, DIO/TI OU) POLLAI\ YUXAI\ E(\N SW=MA EI)DOPOIOU=SIN, E)PEI\ AU(/TH METEMYU/XWSIS H)=N, A)LLA\ MI/A YUXH\ DIA/FORA SW/MATA METAMPI/SXETAI, _FE/RE DEI/CWMEN YEUDH= O)/NTA TO\N PERI\ TH=S METEMYUXW/SEWS LO/GON [1H)/TOI METENSWMATW/SEWS: TAU)TO\N GA\R SHMAI/NEI]1. 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TINE\S DE/ FASIN O(/TI DUNATO\N A)/LLO TI U(POQE/SQAI ME/NON, KAI\ OU)K A)NA/GKH TH\N YUXH\N ME/NEIN: TO\ GA\R SW=MA U(POME/NEI, ME/NEI GA\R W(S SW=MA: A)LLA\ KAI\ H( PO/RRW U(/LH ME/NEI. LUTE/ON OU)=N W(S OU) ME/NEI TO\ SW=MA W(S U(/LH META\ TO\N XWRISMO/N: E)/FQARTAI GA\R META\ TO\N XWRISMO\N KAI\ H( U(/LH W(S U(/LH KAI\ TO\ EI)=DOS W(S EI)=DOS, OI(=ON H( E)MYUXI/A. @<20*TI/ DE\ AU)=; E)/STIN KAI\ TOIO/NDE E)N AU)TOI=S, OI(=ON METACU\ A)MFOTE/RWN PA/NTWN>20 [&`71a12_13$]%10 E)NTEU=QEN TO\ DEU/TERON E)PIXEI/RHMA TO\ E)K TW=N O(DW=N, O(/TI EI) AI( O(DOI\ E)NANTI/AI EI)SI\N KAI\ METABA/LLOUSIN EI)S A)LLH/LAS, POLLW=| MA=LLON KAI\ TA\ TE/LH. KAI\ E)/XEIS E)NTEU=QEN PO/RISMA, O(/TI PA/NTA TA\ E)NANTI/A E)/MMESA BOU/LETAI EI)=NAI O( *PLA/TWN. TI/ GA\R KWLU/EI OU) MO/NON E)/MMESA AU)TA\ EI)=NAI, A)LLA\ KAI\ A)/PEIRA EI)=NAI TA\ ME/SA, TH\N GA\R FU/SIN PROELQOU=SAN KAI\ KINHQEI=SAN E)N O(TW|OU=N ME/REI TH=S KINH/SEWS H)REMH=SAI; KAI\ EI) H( KI/NHSIS E)P' A)/PEIRO/N E)STI DIAIRETH\ LO/GW| TW=N SUNEXW=N, KAI\ TA\ ME/SA TW=N E)NANTI/WN A)/PEIRA E)/STAI. KAI\ DIA\ TI/ DU/O MO/NAS LE/GOMEN EI)=NAI O(DOU\S KAI\ MH\ A)PEI/ROUS; H)\ W(/S FHSIN *)ARISTOTE/LHS [&3phys. &V 1, 224b30_35$], DIO/TI PA/NTA W(S E(\N MA/XETAI: TA\ GA\R PARA\ TO\ LEUKO\N W(S ME/LANA TW=| LEUKW=| MA/XETAI. OU)K A)/RA E)STI/N, W(S O( *PERI/PATOS OI)/ETAI, A)/MESA E)NANTI/A. @1 @<20*GI/NESQAI/ TE AU)TA\S E)C A)LLH/LWN GE/NESI/N TE EI)=NAI E(KATE/ROIS>20 [&`71b9_10$]%10 OU)K A)DOLESXEI= O( *PLA/TWN, A)LLA\ TO\ ME\N "3GI/NESQAI AU)TA\S E)C A)LLH/LWN"3 PERI\ TW=N O(DW=N EI)/RHTAI, TO\ DE\ "3GE/NESIN EI)=NAI E(KATE/ROIS"3 PERI\ TW=N TELW=N. @<20*TH\N ME\N TOI/NUN E(TE/RAN SUZUGI/AN W(=N NUNDH\ E)/LEGON>20 [&`71c9$]%10 TO\ LEGO/MENON TOIOU=TO/N E)STIN, O(/TI "3DU/O OU)SW=N SUZUGIW=N TH\N ME\N MI/AN"3, FHSI/N, "3E)GW/ SOI E)RW="3, O( *SWKRA/THS, "3TH\N DE\ A)/LLHN SU\ A)PO/KRINAI. E)PEIDH\ GA\R E)NANTI/A TE/LH E)STI\ TO\ KAQEU/DEIN TW=| E)GRHGORE/NAI KAI\ EI)SI\N O(DOI\ TOU/TWN TO\ KATADARQA/NEIN KAI\ E)GEI/RESQAI, PRO\S ME\N TH=| E)GRHGO/RSEI TO\ E)GEI/RESQAI, PRO\S DE\ TW=| KAQEU/DEIN TO\ KATADARQA/NEIN: _TOU=TO GA\R KALOU=SIN OI( PALAIOI\ TO\ O(/SON OU)/PW KAQEU=DON: _ EI)PE\ DE\ SU\ TH\N LOIPH\N A)NTI/QESIN TH\N PERI\ ZWH=S KAI\ QANA/TOU"3. E)/STIN GA\R E)NANTI/A TAU=TA TE/LH, O(DOI\ DE\ PRO\S ME\N TH=| ZWH=| TO\ A)NABIW/SKESQAI, PRO\S DE\ TW=| QANA/TW| TO\ YUXORRAGEI=N. @<20*)ALLA\ TAU/TH| XWLH\ E)/STAI H( FU/SIS>20 [&`71e9$]%10 TO\ A)/LLO E)PIXEI/RHMA, O(/TI "3EI) E)PILEI/POI POTE\ H( METABOLH\ TOU= E(NO\S EI)S TO\ LOIPO\N METABA/LLONTOS, OU)KE/TI DE\ KAI\ TO\ A)NA/PALIN"3. @<20*)ALL' EU)QEI=A/ TIS EI)/H H( GE/NESIS E)K TOU= E(TE/ROU EI)S TO\ KATANTIKRU/>20 [&`72b1_3$]%10 EI) BOU/LETAI TA\ ZW=NTA PA/NTA E)K TW=N TEQNEW/TWN KAI\ A)NA/PALIN, PO/RISMA E)/XEIS E)NTEU=QEN O(/TI OU) BOU/LETAI O( *PLA/TWN EI)=NAI A)I/DION KO/LASIN, A)LLA\ PA/LIN E)/RXESQAI EI)S BI/ON TA\S A)KOLA/STOUS YUXA/S. EI) DE\ KAI\ A)LLAXOU= [&3Gorg. &`525c6; e1$] LE/GEI AI)W/NION TH\N KO/LASIN, A)LL' OU)=N AI)W=NA KALEI= PERI/ODO/N TINA KAI\ A)POKATA/STASIN: OU(/TW GA\R KAI\ O( POIHTH\S TO\N MERIKO\N BI/ON AI)W=NA E)KA/LESEN [1"3A)=NER, A)P' AI)W=NOS PA/ROS W)/LEO"3 [*W &`725$]]1, KAI\ "3E)MPEIRI/A ME\N POIEI= TO\N AI)W=NA H(MW=N POREU/ESQAI KATA\ TE/XNHN"3 [&3Gorg. &`448c5_6$]. A)LLA\ MH\N OU)DE\ TA\S TW=N QEOURGW=N YUXA\S BOU/LETAI ME/NEIN A)EI\ E)N TW=| NOHTW=|, A)LLA\ KAI\ KATIE/NAI EI)S GE/NESIN: PERI\ W(=N FHSIN TO\ LO/GION "3A)GGELIKW=| E)NI\ XW/RW|"3 [&frg. 138$]. @<20*KAI\ H(MEI=S TAU=TA OU)K E)CAPATW/MENOI O(MOLOGOU=MEN>20 [&`72d7$]%10 OU)K E)FEKTIKO\S A)/RA O( *PLA/TWN, EI)/ GE A)POFAI/NETAI PERI\ TH=S A)QANASI/AS TH=S YUXH=S KAI\ LE/GEI MHDE\ E)CHPATH=SQAI: EI) DE\ KAI\ A)NWTE/RW [&`69d5_6$] LE/GEI A)MFIBA/LLWN O(/TI "3E)KEI=SE E)LQO/NTES TO\ SAFE\S EI)SO/MEQA"3, TOU=TO PERI\ TH=S E(AUTOU= LH/CEWS E)/LEGEN O( *SWKRA/THS, OU) PERI\ TH=S A)QANASI/AS. @1 @<20*KAI\ TAI=S ME\N A)GAQAI=S A)/MEINON EI)=NAI, TAI=S DE\ KAKAI=S KA/KION>20 [&`72e1_2$]%10 KAI\ E)NTEU=QEN A)/LLO PO/RISMA KE/RDANON, TOI=S ME\N A)GAQOI=S KREI=TTON EI)=NAI TO\ TEQNA/NAI TOU= ZH=N, TOI=S DE\ KAKOI=S A)NA/PALIN A)/MEINO/N E)STIN EI)=NAI H)\ TEQNA/NAI. EI) ME\N GA\R SUNEFQEI/RETO H( YUXH\ TW=| SW/MATI, KAI\ TOI=S A)GAQOI=S A)/MEINON H)=N TO\ ZH=N KAI\ TOI=S KAKOI=S TO\ MH\ EI)=NAI: E)PEIDH\ DE\ OU) SUMFQEI/RETAI, A)/MEINO/N E)STI TOI=S KAKOI=S ZH=N, EI)KO\S GA\R AU)TOU\S ZW=NTAS PROKO/PTEIN KAI\ BIBLI/A E)/XONTAS KAI\ DIDASKA/LOUS KAI\ A)MEI/NONAS E(AUTW=N GI/NESQAI, W(S KEKAQARME/NOUS E)KEI=SE A)PIE/NAI. E)N OI(=S SU\N QEW=| O( E)K TW=N E)NANTI/WN LO/GOS. {1*(O E)K TW=N A)NAMNH/SEWN LO/GOS SU\N QEW=| *PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=|}1 @<20*KAI\ MH/N, E)/FH O( *KE/BHS U(POLABW/N, KAI\ KAT' E)KEI=NO/N GE TO\N LO/GON>20 [&`72e3_74a9$]. @*DEI/CAS O( *SWKRA/THS E)K TOU= ZW=NTOS KAI\ TOU= TEQNEW=TOS O(/TI E)PIDIAME/NEI H( YUXH\ META\ TO\N XWRISMO\N TOU= SW/MATOS, TOUTE/STIN O(/TI MEQUPA/RXEI, DEI/KNUSI DIA\ TOU= PROKEIME/NOU LO/GOU O(/TI KAI\ PROU+PA/RXEI H( YUXH\ TOU= SW/MATOS E)K TOU= TA\S MAQH/SEIS A)NAMNH/SEIS EI)=NAI: W(S E)C A)MFOTE/RWN TW=N LO/GWN SUNA/GESQAI O(/TI POLUXRONIWTE/RA H( YUXH\ TOU= SW/MATOS, EI)/ GE KAI\ PROU+PA/RXEI AU)TOU= KAI\ MEQUPA/RXEI. @*KAI\ TREI=S E)KDOXAI\ FE/RONTAI TW=N DU/O TOU/TWN LO/GWN. O( ME\N GA\R *)IA/MBLIXOS OI)/ETAI E(KA/TERON LO/GON KAQ' AU(TO\N DEIKNU/NAI TH\N A)QANASI/AN TH=S YUXH=S: "3EI) GA/R"3, FHSI/, "3TO\ ZW=N KAI\ TEQNEO\S E)C A)LLH/LWN KAI\ A)EI\ E)C A)LLH/LWN, A)I/DIOS A)/RA H( YUXH/: A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ EI) A)EI\ AI( MAQH/SEIS A)NAMNH/SEIS, A)I/DIOS A)/RA KAI\ KATA\ TOU=TON TO\N LO/GON H( YUXH/"3. A)/LLOI DE\ DIA\ A)/MFW TW=N LO/GWN E)RANI/ZONTAI TH\N A)QANASI/AN TH=S YUXH=S: O( ME\N GA\R PRW=TOS LO/GOS O( DEIKNU\S O(/TI EI)SI\N H(MW=N AI( YUXAI\ E)N *(/AIDOU DEI/KNUSIN AU)TH\N A)/FQARTON, O( DE/ GE PARW\N LO/GOS O( E)K TW=N A)NAMNH/SEWN A)GE/NHTON, @1 W(/STE EI) SUNQH=|S A)/MFW TOU\S LO/GOUS A)GE/NHTON SUNA/CEIS TH\N YUXH\N KAI\ A)/FQARTON. TAU=TA DE/, FHSI\N O( FILO/SOFOS, OU)K OI)KEI=A TH=| LE/CEI: OI)O/MEQA GA\R MHDE\ E(/NA TW=N LO/GWN MHDE\ A)/MFW DEIKNU/NAI AU)TH\N A)QA/NATON, A)LLA\ KAI\ PROU+PA/RXOUSAN XRO/NON TINA\ KAI\ MEQUPA/RXOUSAN. DIO\ KAI\ O( *PLA/TWN AI)SQO/MENOS O(/TI OU)/PW I(KANW=S TO\ PROKEI/MENON A)PE/DEICEN E)PA/GEI KAI\ A)/LLOUS LO/GOUS TOU= AU)TOU= KATASKEUASTIKOU/S, KAI\ MO/NOS O( E# O( E)K TH=S OU)SI/AS TH=S YUXH=S KURI/WS TH\N A)QANASI/AN AU)TH=S DEI/KNUSIN: KAI\ O(/TI E)N TH=| LE/CEI FHSI\N [&`73a2_3$] A)/MFW TOU\S LO/GOUS "3TI\ A)QA/NATON"3 DEDEIXE/NAI, W(S A)\N MH\ KURI/WS DEI/CAS O(/TI A)QA/NATOS H( YUXH/. @*)ALL' E)PEIDH\ PERI\ A)NAMNH/SEWS O( LO/GOS, PARA/KEITAI DE\ TH=| A)NAMNH/SEI H( MNH/MH, A)NTI/KEITAI DE\ TH=| MNH/MH| H( LH/QH, FE/RE E(/KASTON TW=N TRIW=N O(RISW/MEQA, TI/ A)NA/MNHSIS, TI/ MNH/MH, TI/ LH/QH, E)K TW=N O)NOMA/TWN. A)NA/MNHSIS TOI/NUN E)STI\N A)NANE/WSIS MNH/MHS, W(S TOU)/NOMA DHLOI=: MNH/MH DE\ MONH\ TOU= NOU=: LH/QH DE\ OI(=ON LH/MH TIS, W(S GA\R H( LH/MH E)MPO/DIO/N E)STI TH=S O)/YEWS, OU(/TW KAI\ H( LH/QH OI(=ON LH/MH E)STI\N TH=S H(METE/RAS GNW/SEWS OI(=ON [4TH=S]4 O)/YEWS. H( GA\R MNH/MH MONH\ TOU= NOU=, PRW/TWS GA\R E)N TW=| NW=| QEWREI=TAI: PH=CIS GA\R TH=S GNW/SEWS H( MNH/MH: W(S GA\R PAGI/WSI/S E)STI TOU= O)/NTOS TO\ A)EI/ [1O)\N GA\R A)EI/ E)STI TO\ A)I/DION]1, TH=S DE\ ZWH=S PH=CIS H( A)QANASI/A [1ZWH\ GA\R A)/SBESTO/S E)STIN]1, OU(/TW KAI\ [4H(]4 PH=CIS TH=S GNW/SEWS H( MNH/MH. H( GA\R A)NA/MNHSIS LH/QHS DIAKOPTOU/SHS: DIO\ OI)KEI/A H(MI=N MA/LISTA H( A)NA/MNHSIS: E)PEIDH\ GA\R OU)K A)PEIRODU/NAMOS H( H(METE/RA YUXH\ KATA\ GNW=SIN, EI) KAI\ KATA\ ZWH\N A)PEIRODU/NAMO/S E)STI, DIA\ TOU=TO [4OI(=ON]4 LH/QHS DIADRAMOU/SHS OI(=ON PALIGGENESI/A TIS TH=S GNW/SEW/S E)STIN H( A)NA/MNHSIS. DEUTE/RA GA\R GNW=SIS TOU= AU)TOU= E)STIN: H( GA\R GNW=SIS H)\ KATA\ PRW/THN E)PIBOLH/N E)STIN, W(S H(NI/KA QEASW/MEQA *SWKRA/THN MHDE/POTE AU)TO\N QEASA/MENOI, KAI\ LE/GETAI MA/QHSIS: H)\ KATA\ DEUTE/RAN, KAI\ H)\ LH/QHS METACU\ GINO-ME/NHS, W(S H(NI/KA *KE/BHTA QEASA/MENOI EI)S A)NA/MNHSIN E)/LQWMEN *SIMMI/OU DIA\ TO\ SUNEI=NAI AU)TO\N TW=| *SIMMI/A|, H)\ MH\ DIADRAMOU/SHS LH/QHS, KAI\ LE/GETAI MNH/MH. KAI\ E)PE/KEINA MNH/MH TH=S A)NAMNH/SEWS: H( GA\R MNH/MH PRW/TWS ME\N E)N TW=| NW=| E)STI, DIO/TI OU(=TOS A)EI\ E(AUTO\N NOEI= KAI\ ME/NEI E)N E(AUTW=|, DEUTE/RWS DE\ E)N TAI=S YUXAI=S @1 W(S METABAINOU/SAIS KAI\ MH\ A)QRO/WS PA/NTA KAI\ A)XRO/NWS GINWSKOU/SAIS, TRI/TWS DE\ KAI\ E)N TAI=S H(METE/RAIS YUXAI=S, E)N AI(=S KAI\ LH/QH DIATRE/XEI: KAI\ O(/TI H( ME\N MNH/MH AI)W=NI E)/OIKEN A)EI\ PERI\ TO\ AU)TO\ OU)=SA, H( DE\ A)NA/MNHSIS XRO/NW| DIA\ TH\N META/BASIN: KAI\ O(/TI H( ME\N MNH/MH KAI\ [2E)N]2 TOI=S MH\ E)PILANQANOME/NOIS E)STI/N, H( DE\ A)NA/MNHSIS E)N OI(=S MO/NOIS LH/QH E)STI/N: KAI\ O(/TI TA\ I)SXURO/TERA AI)/TIA PLEI/OSIN METADIDO/ASIN E(AUTW=N, TA\ DE\ A)SQENE/STERA SUNESTALME/NHN E)/XEI TH\N META/DOSIN, DIO\ MNH/MH ME\N KAI\ E)N TOI=S A)LO/GOIS ZW/|OIS, H( DE\ A)NA/MNHSIS ME/XRI TW=N LOGIKW=N YUXW=N I(/STATAI. @*E# DE\ TOU/TWN SUNDRAMO/NTWN GI/NETAI A)NA/MNHSIS. DEI= GA\R TH\N A)NA/MNHSIN DEUTE/RAN EI)=NAI GNW=SIN: EI) GA\R A)NANE/WSI/S E)STI MNH/MHS H( A)NA/MNHSIS, A)NANEOU=TAI DE\ TO\ PALAIWQE/N, DEUTE/RA A)/RA GNW=SI/S E)STI: KAI\ O(/TI H( GNW=SIS H)\ KATA\ PRW/THN E)PIBOLH\N GI/NETAI, W(S H( MA/QHSIS, H)\ KATA\ DEUTE/RAN, W(S H( A)NA/MNHSIS [&`73c1_2$]. DEU/TERON DEI= META/BASIN EI)=NAI A)PO\ GNW/SEWS E)PI\ GNW=SIN KAI\ A)PO\ GNWSTOU= E)PI\ GNWSTO/N. OI(=ON O( *KE/BHTA QEASA/MENOS EI)S A)NA/MNHSIN E)/RXETAI *SIMMI/OU, KAI\ I)DOU\ A)PO\ GNW/SEWS E)PI\ GNW=SI/N E)STIN H( META/BASIS, A)PO\ GA\R AI)SQH/SEWS E)PI\ FANTASI/AN, FANTASI/AS GA\R TO\ PERI\ TO\ A)PO\N E)NERGEI=N: A)LLA\ KAI\ A)PO\ GNWSTOU= E)PI\ GNWSTO/N, A)PO\ GA\R *KE/BHTOS E)PI\ *SIMMI/AN [&`73c4_d11$]. TRI/TON LH/QHS DIADRAMOU/SHS DEI= METACU\ GI/NESQAI TH\N A)NA/MNHSIN: EI) GA\R MH\ DIADRA/MOI, OU) LE/GETAI TO\ TOIOU=TO @1 A)NA/MNHSIS, A)LLA\ MNH/MH [&`73e1_3$]. TE/TARTON TO\ TH\N META/BASIN GI/NESQAI A)PO\ O(MOI/OU E)PI\ O(/MOION H)\ A)PO\ A)NOMOI/OU E)PI\ A)NO/MOION: O( ME\N GA\R TH\N EI)KO/NA *SWKRA/TOUS QEASA/MENOS KAI\ A)P' AU)TH=S A)NAMNHSQEI\S TOU= *SWKRA/TOUS A)PO\ O(MOI/OU E)PI\ O(/MOION METH=LQEN, O( DE\ A)PO\ *KE/BHTOS *SIMMI/OU A)NAMNHSQEI\S A)PO\ A)NOMOI/OU E)PI\ A)NO/MOION [&`73e5_74a4$]. PE/MPTON, H(NI/KA A)PO\ O(MOI/OU E)PI\ O(/MOION A)NA/MNHSIS GI/NETAI, DU/NASQAI H(MA=S KAI\ PROSQEI=NAI TO\ LEI=PON [&`74a5_8$]. TOU/TWN OU(/TWS E)XO/NTWN A)NA/MNHSI/S E)STI DEUTE/RA GNW=SIS A)PO\ GNW/SEWS E)PI\ GNW=SIN KAI\ A)PO\ GNWSTOU= E)PI\ GNWSTO\N LH/QHS DIADRAMOU/SHS H)\ A)PO\ O(MOI/OU H)\ A)PO\ A)NOMOI/OU TH=S METABA/SEWS GINOME/NHS, KAI\ H(NI/KA A)PO\ O(MOI/OU, DU/NASQAI/ TI KAI\ PROSTIQE/NAI. @*)ALLA\ A)PORH/SWMEN PRO\S DU/O LH/MMATA TW=N PROEIRHME/NWN. PRO\S ME\N TO\ B#, O(/TI OU) PA/NTWS H( A)NA/MNHSIS A)PO\ GNW/SEWS E)PI\ GNW=SI/N E)STIN KAI\ A)PO\ GNWSTOU= E)PI\ GNWSTO/N: E)NDE/XETAI GA\R KAI\ MH\ META/BASIN EI)=NAI MH/TE GNW/SEWS MH/TE GNWSTOU=, OI(=ON EI)/ TIS PA/LAI *SWKRA/THN QEASA/MENOS KAI\ AU)=QIS AU)TO\N I)DW\N META\ TO\ E)PILA-QE/SQAI AU)TOU= EI)S A)NA/MNHSIN E)/LQH|. I)DOU\ OU) GE/GONE META/BASIS GNW/SEWS, AI)SQHTIKH\ GA\R E(KATE/RA GNW=SIS: A)LL' OU)DE\ GNWSTOU= GE/GONE META/BASIS, *SWKRA/THS GA\R H)=N O( KAI\ PA/LAI KAI\ NU=N GINWSKO/MENOS. A)LLA\ KAI\ PRO\S A)/LLO LH=MMA/ E)STIN A)PORH=SAI, TO\ LE/GON O(/TI H( META/BASIS H)\ A)PO\ O(MOI/OU E)PI\ O(/MOION GI/NETAI H)\ A)PO\ A)NOMOI/OU E)PI\ A)NO/MOION: E)NDE/XETAI GA\R KAI\ A)PO\ TOU= AU)TOU= E)PI\ TO\ AU)TO/, W(/SPER EI)/ TIS QEASA/MENOS PA/LAI *SWKRA/THN KAI\ E)PILAQO/MENOS AU)TOU= KAI\ NU=N QEW/MENOS AU)TO\N EI)S A)NA/MNHSIN AU)TOU= E)/LQH|: KAI\ I)DOU\ A)PO\ TOU= AU)TOU= E)PI\ TO\ AU)TO/. TI/ OU)=N; YEU/DETAI TA\ *PLATWNIKA\ LH/MMATA; H)\ EI) ME\N E)PI\ PA/SHS A)NAMNH/SEWS A)KOU/SWMEN TW=N LHMMA/TWN, YEU/DONTAI: E)PEIDH\ DE\ OU) PERI\ PA/SHS A)NAMNH/SEWS LE/GEI O( FILO/SOFOS, A)LLA\ PERI\ TH=S NU=N PROKEIME/NHS, KAQ' H(\N H( YUXH\ AU)TW=| NUTTOME/NH KAI\ E)REQIZOME/NH U(PO\ TW=N AI)SQHTW=N A)POKUI/+SKEI TA\ E)/NDON E)N E(AUTH=| EI)/DH, TAU/TH| A)LHQH= TA\ LH/MMATA. E)PEIDH\ GA\R "3PA/MMORFON A)/GALMA/"3 E)STIN H( YUXH\ PA/NTWN TW=N O)/NTWN E)/XOUSA LO/GOUS, E)REQIZOME/NH U(PO\ TW=N AI)SQHTW=N A)NAMIMNH/SKETAI W(=N E)/NDON E)/XEI LO/GWN KAI\ TOU/TOUS PROBA/LLETAI: OI(=ON QEASAME/NH TO\ TH=|DE PROBA/LLETAI TO\ A(PLW=S. KAI\ I)DOU\ TE/WS E)/XOMEN O(/TI E)PI\ TH=S H(METE/RAS YUXH=S META/BASI/S E)STIN A)PO\ GNW/SEWS E)PI\ GNW=SIN, A)PO\ GA\R AI)SQH-TIKH=S E)PI\ DIANOHTIKH/N: A)LLA\ KAI\ A)PO\ GNWSTOU= E)PI\ GNWSTO/N, A)PO\ GA\R TOU= TH=|DE I)/SOU E)PI\ TO\ A(PLW=S I)/SON H( META/BASIS GI/NETAI. A)LLA\ KAI\ A)PO\ O(MOI/OU E)PI\ O(/MOION, A)PO\ GA\R I)/SOU E)PI\ I)/SON. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ A)PO\ O(MOI/OU E)PI\ O(/MOION GE/GONEN H( META/BASIS, DUNA/MEQA KAI\ PROSTIQE/NAI TO\ LEI=PON. TO\ ME\N GA\R E)NTAU=QA I)/SON OU)K A)KRIBE/S E)STI: PW=S GA\R A)KRIBW=S I)/SON TO\ KAI\ YAMMIAI/OU MEGE/QOUS A)FAIREQE/NTOS H)\ PROS-TEQE/NTOS I)/SON MEI=NAN; "3OU)DE\"3 GA\R "3O(RW=MEN OU)DE\N A)KRIBE\S OU)DE\ A)KOU/OMEN"3 KATA\ TO\N AU)TOU= LO/GON [&`65b3_4$]: A)PO\ OU)=N TOU= PAXUMEROU=S I)/SOU E)PI\ TO\ A)KRIBE\S I)/SON E)/RXETAI, KAI\ I)DOU\ TO\ LEI=PON PROSTI/QHSIN. @1 @*)=ARA DE\ KAI\ TA\ A)/LLA DU/O LH/MMATA TH=S A)NAMNH/SEWS OU) SW/|ZOMEN, TO\ DEUTE/RAN EI)=NAI GNW=SIN KAI\ TO\ LH/QH| METACU\ DIAKO/PTESQAI; H)\ KAI\ TAU=TA SW/|ZOMEN. O(/TI GA\R DEUTE/RA E)STI\ GNW=SIS, DHLOI= AU)TH\ H( META/BASIS [2KAI\ H( PRO/SQESIS]2: EI) GA\R PRW/TH H)=N, OU)DE\N PROSTIQE/NAI O(/LWS E)DUNA/MEQA, OU)DE\ META/BASIS E)GI/NETO: O( GA\R TH\N EI)KO/NA *SWKRA/TOUS QEASA/MENOS, MH\ PRO/TERON DE\ TO\N *SWKRA/THN QEASA/MENOS I(/STATAI ME/XRI TH=S EI)KO/NOS. O(/TI DE\ KAI\ LH/QH DIE/DRAME METACU/, DHLOI= TO\ MH\ E)FISTA/NEIN H(MA=S A)NAMIMNHSKOME/NOUS O(/TI PROH/|DEIMEN AU)TA/: TOU=TO GA\R ME/GISTON SHMEI=ON LH/QHS, TO\ MH\ E)FISTA/NEIN O(/TI PRO/TERON H)/|DEI AU)TA/, A)LL' OI)/ESQAI NU=N MEMAQH-KE/NAI. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. @<20*KAI\ KAT' E)KEI=NO/N GE TO\N LO/GON, W)= *SW/KRATES, EI) A)LHQH/S E)STIN, O(\N EI)/WQAS QAMA\ LE/GEIN>20 [&`72e3_5$]%10 W(S *SWKRATIKO\S O( *KE/BHS E(TOI/MWS E)/XEI PERI\ TO\ PEISQH=NAI O(/TI AI( MAQH/SEIS A)NAMNH/SEIS EI)SI/N. TOU=TO GA\R E)/DEICEN AU)TW=| O( *SWKRA/THS E)N TW=| *ME/NWNI TW=| DIALO/GW| [&`81e3_86b6$]: LABW\N TO\N TOU= *ME/NWNOS OI)KE/THN KAI\ E)RWTH/SAS GRAMMIKO/N TI KA)KEI/NOU O)RQW=S A)POKRINAME/NOU E)/DEICEN O(/TI AI( MAQH/SEIS A)NAMNH/SEIS, E)PEI\ OU)K A)\N A)/LLWS TO\ A)LHQE\S A)PEKRI/NANTO OI( O)RQW=S E)RWTW/MENOI, EI) MH\ EI)=XON E)N E(AUTOI=S TOU\S LO/GOUS W(=N H)RWTW=NTO. DIO\ KAI\ O( *KE/BHS A)NATI/QHSI TO\ DO/GMA *SWKRA/TEI, LE/GWN QAMA\ A)KHKOE/NAI AU)TOU= TOU=TO LE/GONTOS. @<20*)AQA/NATO/N TI E)/OIKEN H( YUXH\ EI)=NAI>20 [&`73a2_3$]%10 I)DOU\ "3TI\ A)QA/NATON"3 KAI\ OU)X A(PLW=S. @<20*(UPO/MNHSO/N ME: OU) GA\R SFO/DRA GE E)N TW=| PARO/NTI>20 [&`73a5_6$]%10 A)NTI\ TOU= "3PERI\ A)NAMNH/SEWS O)/NTOS LO/GOU A)NA/MNHSO/N ME, PW=S E)DEI/XQHSAN AI( MAQH/SEIS A)NAMNH/SEIS"3. @<20*)EA/N TIS KALW=S E)RWTA=|>20 [&`73a8$]%10 TOUTE/STIN O)RQW=S KAI\ *PLATWNIKW=S, KAI\ MH\ *PERIPATHTIKW=S KAI\ MH\ BWMOLO/XWS, A)LLA\ XEI=RA O)RE/GH| TOI=S O)LISQH/MASI TW=N PROSDIALEGOME/NWN. @1 @<20*)EA/N TIS E)PI\ TA\ DIAGRA/MMATA A)/GH|>20 [&`73b1$]%10 E)N GA\R TOI=S GEWMETRIKOI=S H( A)PO/KRISIS, DIO/TI MI/A H( O(DO\S KAI\ STENH/, KAI\ PERI\ AU)TH=S KURI/WS A(RMO/ZEI TO\ "3A)TRAPO\S"3 KAI\ OU) "3LEWFO/ROS"3. @<20*PRO/TERO/N POTE E)PI/STASQAI>20 [&`73c2$]%10 TO\ PRW=TON LH=MMA. @<20*)EA/N TIS E(/TERON I)DW\N H)\ A)KOU/SAS>20 [&`73c6$]%10 TO\ DEU/TERON, O(/TI DEI= META/-BASIN EI)=NAI KAI\ GNW/SEWS KAI\ GNWSTOU=. @<20*OU)KOU=N, H)= D' O(/S, TO\ TOIOU=TON A)NA/MNHSI/S TI/S E)STIN>20 [&`73e1$]%10 E)NTEU=QEN TO\ TRI/TON LH=MMA, O(/TI DEI= KAI\ LH/QHN EI)=NAI METACU/. GI/NETAI DE\ LH/QH H)\ DIA\ TO\ MH\ E)PISKOPEI=N, O(\ PA/SXOUSIN OI( R(A/QUMOI, [4H)\ DIA\ TO\ MH\]4 H)\ DIA\ XRO/NON, W(S E)PI\ TW=N GERO/NTWN, H)\ DIA\ NO/SON, W(S O( LH/QARGOS TO\ PARA\ TOI=S I)ATROI=S PA/QOS. KAI\ TAU=TA TA\ AI)/TIA TH=S LH/QHS: R(AQUMI/A, XRO/NOS, NO/SOS. @<20*TI/ DE/; H)= D' O(/S: E)/STIN I(/PPON>20 [&`73e5$]%10 E)NTEU=QEN TO\ D# LH=MMA. @<20*)ALL' O(/TAN GE, E)/FH, A)PO\ TW=N O(MOI/WN>20 [&`74a5$]%10 E)NTEU=QEN TO\ PE/MPTON. {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=|}1 @<20*FAME/N POU/ TI EI)=NAI I)/SON, OU) CU/LON LE/GW CU/LW|>20 [&`74a9_%2%2$]. @*(H META\ XEI=RA LE/CIS DU/O TAU=TA DEI/KNUSIN, O(/TI E)STI\N TA\ EI)/DH [1OU)/ TI/ FHMI AI( I)DE/AI, A)LLA\ TA\ E)N TH=| YUXH=| EI)/DH]1 KAI\ O(/TI AI( MAQH/SEIS A)NAMNH/SEIS, E)K TOU= DEIKNU/NAI E)FARMO/ZONTA TH=| MAQH/SEI TA\ EI)RHME/NA STOIXEI=A E# TH=S A)NAMNH/SEWS KAI\ O(/TI ME/N EI)SIN EI)/DH, DEI/KNUSI DIA\ DU/O E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN: O(/TI DE\ KAI\ AI( MAQH/SEIS A)NAMNH/SEIS, TW=| EI)RHME/NW| TRO/PW| DEI/KNUSIN. @*(/OTI GA/R EI)SI TA\ EI)/DH, DH=LON. EI) GA\R DEI= EI)=NAI PRO\ TW=N POLLW=N [4EI)DW=N]4 TO\ E(\N KAI\ PRO\ TW=N KATA\ ME/ROS TO\ A(PLW=S, DEI= GA\R PROHGEI=SQAI TW=N AI)SQHTW=N TO\ NOHTO\N KAI\ TW=N E)NU/LWN TO\ A)/ULON, E)/STIN A)/RA TA\ EI)/DH [&`74a9_b7$]. DEU/TERON, EI) DEI= PRO\ TOU= PAXUMEROU=S TO\ A)KRIBE\S KAI\ [2PRO\ TOU=]2 A)MUDROU= KAI\ O(LOSXEROU=S TO\ DIHRQRWME/NON, TA\ DE\ E)NTAU=QA EI)/DH OU)K A)KRIBH= E)STIN, DIO/TI I)/SA E)STI\ TA\ MEGE/QH @1 KAI\ YAMMIAI/OU TINO\S PROSTEQE/NTOS AU)TOI=S H)\ A)FAIREQE/NTOS E)C AU)TW=N I)/SA ME/NEI [&`74b7_c6$]. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ TAU=TA OU)DE\N H(=TTON TW=N I)DEW=N H)\ TW=N E)N TH=| YUXH=| LO/GWN E)STI\N KATASKEUASTIKA/, FE/RE E)/CWQEN DEI/CWMEN O(/TI EI)SI\ LO/GOI E)N TH=| YUXH=|. EI) GA\R DIAKRI/NEI H( H(METE/RA YUXH\ TA\ TH=|DE EI)/DH KAI\ TO\ ME\N LE/GEI MA=LLON KALO/N, TO\ DE\ H(=TTON, DH=LON [2O(/TI PRO/S]2 TINA O(/RON KAI\ PRO/S TI EI)=DOS PARABA/LLOUSA KRI/NEI TAU=TA: OU) GA\R H)DU/NATO, W(=N MH\ EI)=XE LO/GOUS, TAU=TA DIAKRI/NEIN. OU) GA\R PEISTE/ON TW=| *PERIPA/TW| [&Ar., &3anal. post. &II 19, 99b35$] LE/GONTI O(/TI KRITIKH=| TINI DUNA/MEI TAU=TA DIAKRI/NEI: OU) GA\R FUSIKW=S E)NERGEI= H( H(METE/RA YUXH/, KAQA/PER O( A)RA/XNHS TO\ A)RA/XNION. A)/LLWS TE EI) PROSTI/QHSI KAI\ METABAI/NEI, DH=LON A)/RA O(/TI E)/XEI E)N E(AUTH=| EI)/DH TINA/, E)PEI\ OU)DE\ TH\N A)RXH\N METE/BAINEN KAI\ TO\ LEI=PON PROSETI/QEI MH\ E)/XOUSA EI)/DH: O( GA\R TH\N EI)KO/NA *SWKRA/TOUS QEASA/MENOS KAI\ MH\ PRO/TERON TO\N *SWKRA/THN ME/XRI TH=S EI)KO/NOS I(/STATAI. A)/LLWS TE EI) E)FI/ETAI GNW=NAI TA\ A)KRIBH= EI)/DH H( YUXH\ KAI\ MH\ MA/THN E)STI\N H( E)/FESIS, DH=LON O(/TI DIA\ TA\ E)N AU)TH=| EI)/DH E)STI\N H( E)/FESIS: TAU=TA GA\R BOU/LETAI MAQEI=N. @*(/OTI DE\ KAI\ AI( MAQH/SEIS A)NAMNH/SEIS, DH=LON E)K TOU= TA\ STOIXEI=A TH=S A)NAMNH/SEWS U(PA/RXEIN TH=| H(METE/RA| YUXH=|. A)PO\ GA\R TH=S AI)SQHTIKH=S GNW/SEWS, OI(=ON A)PO\ TOU= TH=|DE I)/SOU, E)RXO/MEQA E)PI\ TO\ A(PLW=S I)/SON: A)LLA\ KAI\ DI' O(MOI/OU E)NTAU=QA SUNE/BH: KAI\ PROSTI/QEMEN DE\ TO\ LEI=PON, DIO/TI OU)K A)KRIBE\S TO\ TH=|DE I)/SON: E)/TI MH\N KAI\ DEUTE/RA E)STI\N GNW=SIS, EI)/ GE PROSTI/QEMEN, E)PEI\ O( TH\N EI)KO/NA *SWKRA/TOUS QEASA/-MENOS I(/STATAI ME/XRI AU)TH=S: A)LLA\ MH\N KAI\ LH/QH DIE/DRAMEN, KAI\ TOU/TOU ME/GISTON SHMEI=ON TO\ A)NAMIMNH|SKOME/NOUS H(MA=S MH\ E)FISTA/NEIN O(/TI PROEGNW/KEIMEN AU)TA/. KAI\ OU)DE\N QAUMASTO/N, EI) TOU=TO SUMBAI/NEI: DIA\ GA\R SWMATIKO\N SA/LON OU)K E)FISTA/NOMEN. W(/SPER GA\R OI( ME\N E)N NO/SW| O)/NTES OU) ME/MNHNTAI TW=N E)N TH=| U(GEI/A| [1"3SFA=S TE"3 GA\R "3E(AUTOU\S U(PO\ TH=S NO/SOU KAI\ TOU\S A)/LLOUS H)GNO/OUN"3, FHSI\N O( SUGGRAFEU/S [&Thuc. 2, 49, 8$]]1, E)N DE\ TH=| U(GIEI/A| MEMNH/MEQA TW=N E)N NO/SW| PLHGW=N KAI\ TRAUMA/TWN, OU(/TW KAI\ H( YUXH\ XWRISQEI=SA ME\N TOU= SW/MATOS DIA\ TO\ MH\ @1 E)MPODI/ZESQAI U(PO/ TINOS DU/NATAI MEMNH=SQAI TW=N SUMBA/NTWN [4TW=N]4 META\ TOU= SW/MATOS PLHGW=N KAI\ TRAUMA/TWN, E)N DE\ TW=| SW/MATI OU)=SA OU) ME/MNHTAI TW=N E)N TW=| PROTE/RW| BI/W|. KAI\ OU)DE\N QAUMASTO/N: EI) GA\R E)N E(NI\ BI/W| O)/NTES OU) MEMNH/MEQA TW=N SUMBAINO/NTWN, A)LL' OU(/TW POLLA/KIS E)PILANQANO/MEQA W(S KAI\ POLLW=N H(MI=N TEKMHRI/WN LEGOME/NWN MH\ E)FISTA/NEIN, A)LL' OI)/ESQAI NU=N PRW=TON AU)TO\ MANQA/NEIN, POLLW=| MA=LLON E)N DIAFO/RW| BI/W| TOU=TO SUMBH/SETAI. TAU=TA E)/XEI H( QEWRI/A. @<20*FW=ME/N TI EI)=NAI H)\ MHDE/N; *FW=MEN>20 [&`74a12_b1$]%10 TO\ EI)RHME/NON O(/TI A)NA/GKH EI)=NAI PRO\ TW=N POLLW=N TO\ E(/N: OU)DE\ GA\R O)XLOKRATI/AN EI)=NAI, "3OU)K A)GAQO\N"3 GA\R OU)DE\ E)NTAU=QA "3POLUKOIRANI/H"3 [*B &`204$]. O( DE\ *SIMMI/AS E(TOI/MWS SUNTI/QETAI TW=| EI)=NAI TA\ EI)/DH [1DIO\ KAI\ O(/RKON E)PA/GEI KAI/ FHSIN O(/TI "3QAUMASI/WS PE/PEISMAI"3]1 W(S SUNH/QHS TW=N *SWKRATIKW=N DOGMA/TWN: DIO\ KAI\ A)NWTE/RW E)/LEGEN O(/TI "3PE/PEISMAI, A)LLA\ A)NAMNH/SEWS DE/OMAI"3 [&`73b6_7$]. @<20*SKO/PEI DE\ KAI\ TH=|DE>20 [&`74b7$]%10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . {1*PRA=CIS SU\N QEW=|}1 @<20*OU)KOU=N TOIO/NDE TI, H)= DE\ O(\S O( *SWKRA/THS, DEI= H(MA=S A)NERE/SQAI E(AUTOU/S>20 [&`78b4_%2%2$]. @*(/INA TW=| E)K TH=S O(MOIO/THTOS LO/GW| PARAKOLOUQH/SWMEN, PROLA/BWMEN O(/TI A)NTIDIAIRW=N O( *SWKRA/THS TH\N OU)SI/AN TH=| GENE/SEI, _W(/SPER KAI\ E)N *TIMAI/W| [&`27d6_28a1$] E)POI/HSEN: "3TI/ TO\ O)\N ME\N A)EI/, GE/NESIN DE\ OU)K E)/XON, KAI\ TI/ TO\ GINO/-MENON ME/N, O)\N DE\ OU)DE/POTE;"3 OU)SI/AN ME\N GA\R TA\ PARADEIGMATIKA\ EI)/DH, GE/NESIN DE\ TO\ AI)SQHTO/N: _TAU=TA A)NTIDIAIRW=N E(\C I)/DIA E(KA/STOU PARADI/DWSIN, TH=S ME\N OU)SI/AS TO\ QEI=ON, TO\ A)QA/NATON, TO\ NOHTO/N, TO\ A)DIA/LUTON, TO\ MONOEIDE/S, TO\ A)EI\ KATA\ TA\ AU)TA\ KAI\ W(SAU/TWS E)/XEIN E(AUTW=|, TH=S DE\ GENE/SEWS TO\ SWMATOEIDE/S [1A)NTI/KEITAI GA\R TW=| QEI/W|]1, TO\ QNHTO/N, TO\ A)NO/HTON, TO\ DIALUTO/N, TO\ POLUEIDE/S, TO\ MHDE/POTE KATA\ TA\ AU)TA\ KAI\ W(SAU/TWS E)/XEIN E(AUTW=|. @1 @*(EKA/STOU DE\ TOU/TWN TO\N A)POLOGISMO\N EI)/PWMEN. @"3*QEI=ON"3 ME\N OU)=N E)KA/LESEN TO\ NOHTO/N, DIO/TI QEOU= E)CH=PTAI TOU=TO KATA\ *PLA/TWNA, A)LL' OU) QEO/S E)STI: QEI=ON OU)=N E)STI TO\ QEOU= E)CHMME/NON. @*)ALLA\ KAI\ "3A)QA/NATON"3, DIO/TI ZWH\N E)/XEI A)/SBESTON: H( GA\R KURI/WS A)QANASI/A E)N AU)TW=| E)STIN W(S AI)WNI/WS O)/NTI KAI\ MH\ E)/XONTI TO\ H)=N KAI\ E)/STI KAI\ E)/STAI. TA\ ME\N GA\R A)I/DIA OU)DE\ KURI/WS A)EI/ E)STIN, DIO/TI E)STI\N E)PI\ AU)TW=N TA\ XRONIKA\ PROS-RH/MATA TO\ H)=N KAI\ E)/STIN KAI\ E)/STAI, A(/PER OU)K A)EI/ E)STIN, A)LLA\ FQEI/RETAI TA\ ME/RH TOU= XRO/NOU, TO\ H)=N KAI\ E)/STIN KAI\ E)/STAI: O( GA\R H(/LIOS OU)K A)EI\ E)N *KRIW=| E)STIN, A)LL' H)=N KAI\ E)/STAI, A)/LLOS DE/ E)STI TW=| LO/GW| E)N *KRIW=| W)\N KAI\ E)N A)/LLW| ZW|DI/W|. E)PI\ E)KEI/NWN DE\ TO\ E)/STIN MO/NON A(RMO/TTEI, OU) TO\ A)NTIDIAIROU/MENON TOI=S A)/LLOIS XRONIKOI=S PROSRH/MASIN, A)LLA\ TO\ SHMAI=NON U(/PARCIN: @@"3OU) GA\R E)/HN, OU)K E)/STAI, O(MOU= PA=N E)/STI DE\ MOU=NON"3. *)ALLA\ KAI\ "3NOHTO/N"3 E)STIN, OU)X W(S NOOU/MENON: PERI\ GA\R NOERW=N EI)DW=N O( LO/GOS E)STI/N, A(\ NOEI= ME/N, OU) NOEI=TAI DE/. TA\ ME\N GA\R NOHTA\ NOEI=TAI ME\N, OU) MH\N NOEI=, U(PE\R NOU=N GA/R E)STI [1DIO\ KAI\ PRO/NOIA LE/GETAI W(S PRO\ TOU= NOU=, O(\ KAI\ *)ORFEU\S @1 [&frg. 82$] E)PESHMH/NATO, NOHTO\N BOULO/MENOS EI)PEI=N TO\N *)/ERWTA: E)/FH GA\R @@"3POIMAI/NWN PRAPI/DESSIN A)NO/MMATON W)KU\N *)/ERWTA"3: TO\ GA\R O)/MMA [2NOU=]2 SU/MBOLO/N E)STI DIA\ TO\ O)CU\ TH=S E)NERGEI/AS, A)NO/MMATON OU)=N TO\N MH\ NOOU=NTA]1: EI) DE\ KAI\ NOEI=TAI TA\ NOERA/, E)K TOU= KAT' E)CAI/RETON NOEI=N LE/GETAI, OU) MH\N NOEI=SQAI. O(/TI GA\R NOHTO\N LE/GEI O( *PLA/TWN E)NTAU=QA TO\ NOOU=N, OU) MH\N NOOU/MENON, DH=LO/S E)STIN A)NTITA/CAS AU)TW=| TO\ A)NO/HTON: A)NO/HTON GA\R LE/GETAI OU) TO\ MH\ NOOU/MENON, A)LLA\ TO\ MH\ NOOU=N. OU(/TW DE\ KAI\ *)ARISTOTE/LHS [&3&an. III 7, &`431b26_28$] AI)SQHTO\N TO\ AI)SQHTIKO\N E)KA/LESEN, W(S KAI\ NU=N O( *PLA/TWN NOHTO\N TO\ NOOU=N. @*)ALLA\ KAI\ "3A)DIA/LUTO/N"3 E)STIN W(S MH\ E)K MERW=N SUGKEI/MENON: TO\ GA\R DIALUO/MENON EI)S OI)KEI=A ME/RH DIALU/ETAI, E)KEI=NO DE\ W(S A)SU/NQETON KAI\ A)MERE\S OU) DIALU/ETAI. PA=N GA\R EI)=DOS, KA)\N E)/NULON H)=|, TW=| E)N AU)TW=| LO/GW| A)MERE/S E)STI: KAI\ GA\R TO\ E)/NULON EI)=DOS A)MERE\S O)\N MERI/ZETAI DIA\ TH\N U(/LHN, KAI\ E)N PANTI\ ME/REI TOU= SPE/RMATOS PA/NTWN O)/NTWN TW=N LO/GWN, W(S DHLOI= TO\ ME/ROUS AU)TOU= A)FAIREQE/NTOS MHDE\N H(=TTON TE/LEION DHMIOURGEI=SQAI TO\ ZW=|ON: DIA\ DE\ TH\N U(/LHN W(DI\ ME\N KEFALH/, W(DI\ DE\ R(I/S. EI) OU)=N A)SU/NQETON, KAI\ A)DIA/LUTON: DO/GMA GA\R *PLATWNIKO/N, O(/TI TO\ SU/NQETON KAI\ DIALU/ETAI [&`78c1_2$]. DIO\ KAI\ TA\ OU)RA/NIA SU/NQETA O)/NTA DIALU/ETAI, OU) KATA\ XRO/NON A)LLA\ KATA\ TO\N E(AUTW=N LO/GON: GENHTA\ GA\R O)/NTA, E)PEIDH\ PA=N SU/NQETON KAI\ GENHTO\N KAI\ MERISTO/N, KAI\ DIALUTA/ E)STI KAI\ FQARTA/. PLH\N W(S E)/STI GENHTA/, OU(/TWS E)STI\ KAI\ FQARTA/: GENHTA\ TOI/NUN E)STI\ KAT' AI)TI/AN, DIO/TI MH\ E(AUTA\ ZWOI= MHDE\ E(AUTA\ PARH/GAGEN [1DO/GMA GA\R *PLATWNIKO\N TO\ AU)TOPARAGWGO\N EI)=NAI @1 TH\N YUXH/N]1: OU)KOU=N KAI\ FQARTA/ E)STIN O(/SON E)F' E(AUTOI=S, OU) GA\R E(AUTA\ SUNE/XEI A)LL' E)PINA/ETAI H( A)QANASI/A AU)TW=N, KA/LLISTA TOU= *)ARISTOTE/LOUS FUSIOLOGH/SANTOS PA=N SW=MA PEPERASME/NON PEPERASME/NHS EI)=NAI DUNA/MEWS [&3phys. &VIII 10, &`266a24_26$]. @[2*)ALLA\ KAI\ "3MONOEIDH="3]2: MONOEIDH= GA/R E)STI, DIO/TI A(PLA= E)STIN. E)PI\ GA\R TW=N A(PLW=N TAU)TO/N E)STI TO\ TW=|DE EI)=NAI KAI\ TO/DE, E)PI\ DE\ TW=N SUNQE/TWN DIA/FORON, KAI\ TO\ ME\N E)PI\ TOU= EI)/DOUS LE/GETAI MO/NOU, TO\ DE\ E)PI\ TOU= EI)/DOUS TOU= E)N TH=| U(/LH|: A)/LLO GA/R E)STI TO\ ZW/|W| EI)=NAI KAI\ A)/LLO TO\ ZW=|ON EI)=NAI. KAI\ A)/LLWS DE\ MONOEIDH= E)STIN W(S MH\ SUNO/NTA TW=| OI)KEI/W| MH\ O)/NTI, A)LL' EI)LIKRINH= O)/NTA KAI\ A)MIGH= TOU/TOU: TA\ GA\R E)NTAU=QA EI)/DH SUNANAPE/FURTAI TH=| OI)KEI/A| STERH/SEI. @*)ALLA\ KAI\ "3A)EI\ KAI\ W(SAU/TWS KAI\ KATA\ TA\ AU)TA\ E)/XEI E(AUTW=|"3. KAI\ KALW=S TO\ "3E(AUTW=|"3: NOU= GA\R OI)KEI/A H( PRO\S E(AUTO\N E)PISTROFH/, TA\ DE\ AI)SQHTA\ OU)DE/POTE/ E)STIN TA\ AU)TA/: OU) MO/NON GA\R A)LLH/LWN DIAFE/REI, A)LLA\ KAI\ E(AUTW=N, E)N R(EUSTW=| TW=| XRO/NW| KAI\ E)N KINH/SEI O)/NTA. I(/NA OU)=N E)NDEI/CHTAI TO\ PLOU/SION TH=S METABOLH=S, O(/TI TA\ ME\N E)PE/STRAPTAI PRO\S E(AUTA\ A)EI\ W(SAU/TWS E)/XONTA, TA\ DE\ PA/NTH| E)CH/LLAKTAI, DIA\ TOU=TO TO\ "3E(AUTW=|"3 PROSE/QHKEN. @*EI)=TA DIAIREI= KAI\ TH\N H(METE/RAN SU/STASIN EI)S YUXH\N KAI\ SW=MA, KAI\ ZHTEI= TI/ MA=LLON E)/OIKE TOI=S A)DIALU/TOIS, PO/TERON H( YUXH\ H)\ TO\ SW=MA. KAI\ KATASKEUA/ZEI O(/TI H( YUXH\ MA=LLON E)/OIKE TOI=S A)DIALU/TOIS, DIA\ TRIW=N E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN: E)K TOU= A)ORA/TOU, KAI\ E)K TOU= DIANOHTIKOU= AU)TH=S, KAI\ E)K TOU= DESPO/ZEIN TOU= SW/MATOS. KAI\ E)/OIKE TAU=TA E)K TH=S YUXIKH=S U(POSTA/SEWS EI)LH=FQAI, A)PO\ OU)SI/AS, A)PO\ GNW/SEWS, A)PO\ ZWH=S. TH=| ME\N GA\R OU)SI/A| OI)KEI=ON TO\ A)O/RATON, DIO/TI DIAIROU=NTAI AI( OU)SI/AI @1 EI)S O(RATA/S, W(S TA\ SWMATIKA\ EI)/DH, KAI\ A)ORA/TOUS, W(S TA\ EI)/DH: TO\ DE\ A)PO\ TOU= TAU/THN ME\N DIANOEI=SQAI, TO\ DE\ SW=MA META\ TH=S AI)SQH/SEWS E)NERGEI=N, E)K TH=S GNW/SEWS: TO\ DE\ A)PO\ TOU= DESPO/ZEIN TH\N YUXH\N TOU= SW/MATOS, E)K TH=S ZWH=S, W(S GA\R EI)DOPOIOU=SA TO\ SW=MA KAI\ AU)TOKI/NHTOS OU)=SA DESPO/ZEI AU)TOU=. AI( GA\R A)/LLAI YUXAI\ OU) ZWOPOIOU=SIN, A)LLA\ ZWAI\ AU)TOU= EI)SIN: A)LL' H( ME\N A)/LOGOS TOU= PNEUMA-TIKOU= ZWH/ E)STIN, H( DE\ FUTIKH\ TOU= O)STREI/+NOU. KATASKEUA/ZEI OU)=N DIA\ TW=N G# E)PIXEIRHMA/TWN O(/TI MA=LLON E)/OIKEN H( YUXH\ TW=| A)DIALU/TW|, OU(/TWS: "3H( YUXH\ A)O/RATOS, TO\ A)O/RATON MA=LLON PRE/PEI TOI=S A)DIALU/TOIS"3: "3H( YUXH\ NOEI= MA=LLON TOU= SW/MATOS, TO\ TOIOU=TO PRE/PEI MA=LLON TOI=S A)DIALU/TOIS"3. "3H( YUXH\ DESPO/ZEI TOU= SW/MATOS, TO\ TOIOU=TO PRE/PEI MA=LLON TOI=S A)DIALU/TOIS"3. E)F' OI(=S SULLOGI/ZETAI TO\ PROKEI/MENON OU(/TWS: "3H( YUXH\ KATA\ PA/NTA MA=LLON TOU= SW/MATOS E)/OIKE TOI=S A)DIALU/TOIS, TO\ KATA\ PA/NTA E)OIKO\S MA=LLON A)DIA/LUTO/N E)STIN, H( YUXH\ MA=LLON A)DIA/LUTO/S E)STIN"3: "3TO\ MA=LLON A)DIA/LUTON POLUXRONIW/TERO/N E)STI TOU= SW/MATOS, H( YUXH\ A)/RA POLUXRONIWTE/RA TOU= SW/MATOS"3: "3TO\ POLUXRONIW/TERON E)PIME/NEI KAI\ META\ TO\N XWRISMO/N, EI)/ GE OU)DE\ AU)TA\ TA\ SW/MATA EU)QE/WS FQEI/RETAI A)LL' E)PIDIAME/NEI [1KAI\ MA/LISTA EI) TU/XOI TARIXEUQE/NTA, W(S TA\ PAR' *AI)GUPTI/OIS SW/MATA]1, H( YUXH\ A)/RA E)PIDIAME/NEI META\ TO\N XWRISMO/N"3: O(/PER E)ZH/TOUN OI( NEANI/AI, MH/POTE SKEDA/NNUTAI EU)QU\S KAI\ DIALU/ETAI E)CELQOU=SA TOU= SW/MATOS. @*KAI\ ZHTOU=SIN OI( E)CHGHTAI\ EI) DEI/KNUSIN O( LO/GOS TH\N A)QANASI/AN TH=S YUXH=S. @1 PA/NTES ME\N OU)=N OI( E)CHGHTAI\ MO/NON TO\N E)K TH=S OU)SI/AS LO/GON FASI\ TH=S YUXH=S DEIKNU/NAI TH\N A)QANASI/AN AU)TH=S. O( ME\N GA\R E)K TW=N A)NAMNH/SEWN LO/GOS E)/DEICEN O(/TI PROU+PA/RXEI H( YUXH\ TOU= SW/MATOS PA/NTWS, OU) MH\N O(/TI KAI\ A)EI/ E)STIN: OU(=TOS DE\ DEI/KNUSIN E)K TH=S O(MOIO/THTOS [2O(/TI]2 MEQUPA/RXEI W(S MA=LLON A)DIA/LUTOS OU)=SA KAI\ E)PIDIAME/NEI W(S POLUXRONIWTE/RA, OU) MH\N O(/TI KAI\ A)QA/NATOS. O( DE\ FILO/SOFOS *)IA/MBLIXOS KAI\ TOU=TON TO\N LO/GON BOU/LETAI TELEI/AN A)PODEIKNU/NAI TH\N A)QANASI/AN TH=S YUXH=S. O(/SON ME\N GA\R E)K TH=S O(MOIO/THTOS POLUXRONIWTE/RAN A)PE/DEICEN, E)K DE\ TW=N KEIME/NWN E)N TH=| LE/CEI LHMMA/TWN H( A)QANASI/A TH=S YUXH=S SUNA/GETAI. A)SU/NQETON GA\R AU)TH\N EI)=PEN [&`78c1_9$] KAI\ DESPO/ZEIN TOU= SW/MATOS [&`79e8_80a6$]: KA/LLISTA DE\ TW=| *PLWTI/NW| [&IV 7,2_11?$] H)/RESEN PA=N FQEIRO/MENON DI' E(/NA TW=N DU/O TRO/PWN TOU/TWN FQEI/RESQAI, H)\ W(S SU/NQETON H)\ W(S E)N U(POKEIME/NW| O)/N: TA\ ME\N GA\R A)SW/MATA DIA\ TO\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI FQEI/RETAI, TA\ DE\ SW/MATA W(S SU/NQETA. EI) OU)=N H( YUXH\ OU)DE\ SU/NQETO/S E)STIN [1W(/S FHSIN O( *)IA/MBLIXOS, KAI\ TOU=TO KAI\ H( LE/CIS E)DH/LWSEN, OU)DAMOU= GA\R "3A)O/RATON"3 AU)TH\N EI)=PEN A)LLA\ "3A)SU/NQETON"3, W(S A)\N TAU)TOU= O)/NTOS A)ORA/TOU KAI\ A)SUNQE/TOU]1, A)LLA\ MH\N OU)DE\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| E)STI/N, EI)/ GE DESPO/ZEI TOU= SW/MATOS, ZWOPOIOU=SA AU)TO\ KAI\ AU)TOKI/NHTOS OU)=SA, KAT' OU)DE/NA A)/RA TRO/PON FQARH/SETAI, OU)DE\ W(S SU/NQETOS OU)DE\ W(S E)N U(POKEIME/NW|. @*ZHTEI= DE\ O( *PRO/KLOS PERI\ POI/WN A)/RA EI)DW=N TW=| *PLA/TWNI O( LO/GOS, A)=RA PERI\ TW=N A(PLW=S TW=N E)N TW=| DHMIOURGW=| H)\ PERI\ TW=N YUXIKW=N. E)/STIN GA\R E(KATE/RW| SUNHGORH=SAI, TW=| ME\N PRW/TW| DIO/TI DO/CEI PERI\ TW=N E)N TW=| DHMIOURGW=| EI)=NAI O( LO/GOS EI)DW=N, EI)/ GE "3AU)TOI/+SON"3 FHSI\N KAI\ "3AU)TOKALO/N"3 [&`78d3$], TA\ DE\ PROSRH/MATA TAU=TA E)KEI/NOIS TOI=S EI)/DESIN A(RMO/TTEI: KAI\ O(/TI LE/GEI E)OIKE/NAI TH\N YUXH\N E)KEI/NOIS [&`79b4_17$], EI) DE\ PERI\ TW=N YUXIKW=N H)=N AU)TW=| O( LO/GOS, OU)K E)KEI/NOIS O(MOI/A H)=N, A)LL' AU)TA\ E)KEI=NA H)=N. E)/STI DE\ KAI\ TW=| A)NTIKEIME/NW| SUNHGORH=SAI: DO/CEI GA\R PERI\ TW=N YUXIKW=N EI)DW=N EI)=NAI O( LO/GOS DIO/TI FHSI\N E)N TH=| LE/CEI "3PERI\ W(=N QAMA\ QRULOU=MEN KAI\ E)/XOMEN LO/GON DIDO/NAI"3 [&`78d1_2$], TO\ DE\ LE/GEIN KAI\ KAT' E)PISTH/MHN EI)DE/NAI TAU=TA TOI=S YUXIKOI=S EI)/DESIN A(RMO/TTEI, E)KEI=NA GA\R NOERAI=S E)PIBOLAI=S GINW/SKETAI. KAI\ E)PIKRI/NEI O( *PRO/KLOS O(/TI PERI\ A)MFOI=N E)STIN AU)TW=| O( LO/GOS: E)PEIDH\ GA\R KAI\ PARADEI/GMATA TA\ NOERA\ EI)/DH TW=N YUXIKW=N KAI\ EI)KO/NES TAU=TA E)KEI/NWN, PRO/S TI DE\ TO\ PARA/DEIGMA KAI\ H( EI)KW/N, TA\ DE\ PRO/S TI DI/XA A)LLH/LWN OU) GINW/SKETAI, A)NA/GKH PERI\ TW=N PARADEIGMA/TWN DIALEGO/MENON KAI\ PERI\ EI)KO/NWN DIALE/GESQAI. @1 @*)ALLA\ A)POROU=SIN O(/TI "3DIA\ TI/ H( YUXH\ MA=LLON A)DIA/LUTOS LE/GETAI DIA\ TO\ E)OIKE/NAI TW=| A)DIALU/TW|; O(/SON GA\R E)PI\ TOU/TW|, E)PEIDH\ MA=LLON E)/OIKE KU/WN LU/KW| H)/PER I(/PPOS, KAI\ LU/KOS E)/STAI O( KU/WN"3. H)\ OI( TAU=TA LE/GONTES OU)K E)NO/HSAN TH\N A)GWGH\N TOU= LO/GOU: E)DEI/XQH GA\R H( YUXH\ A)DIA/LUTOS W(S MA=LLON TOU= SW/MATOS E)OIKUI=A TW=| A)DIALU/TW|, W(S A)\N KAI\ TOU= SW/MATOS A)DIALU/TOU O)/NTOS, O( DE\ KU/WN OU) LU/KOS W)\N MA=LLON TOU= I(/PPOU E)/OIKE TW=| LU/KW|: E)KEI= DE\ A)MFOTE/ROIS U(PH=RXE TO\ A)DIA/LUTON. @*PA/LIN FASI\N O(/TI "3O(/SON E)PI\ TOU/TW|, E)PEIDH\ KAI\ TO\ EI)=DOS MA=LLON TH=S U(/LHS E)/OIKE TW=| A)DIALU/TW|, E)/STAI MA=LLON TOU=TO A)DIA/LUTON: KAI\ PW=S TH=S U(/LHS A)FQA/RTOU OU)/SHS AU)TO\ FQEI/RETAI;"3 H)\ TO\ EI)=DOS OU) KATA\ PA/NTA E)/OIKE TOI=S A)DIALU/TOIS: KATA\ ME\N GA\R TO\ PE/RAS EI)=NAI KAI\ O(/ROS KAI\ E)NE/RGEIA E)/OIKE, KATA\ DE\ TO\ E)N U(POKEIME/NW| EI)=NAI OU)K E)/OIKEN. @*PA/LIN FASI/N: "3O(/SON E)PI\ TOU/TW| KAI\ TH\N FU/SIN E)/DEI A)DIA/LUTON EI)=NAI, O(/TI MA=LLON E)/OIKE TOU= SW/MATOS TOI=S A)DIALU/TOIS W(S SUNE/XOUSA TO\ SW=MA KAI\ EI)DOPOIOU=SA AU)TO/"3. 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A)LL' E)PEIDH/ E)STI KAI\ E(/TERON O(/PER KAI\ FWNH/ E)STI KAI\ SHMANTIKO\N KAI\ KATA\ SUNQH/KHN KAI\ A)/NEU XRO/-NOU KAI\ W(RISME/NON TI DHLOI=, W(S TO\ "TOU= *FI/LWNOS," DIA\ TOU=TO PROSE/QHKE "META\ TOU= H)=N H)\ E)/STIN H)\ E)/STAI A)LHQEU/OUSA H)\ YEUDOME/NH:" E)N MO/NH| GA\R TH=| EU)QEI/A| H( TRIME/REIA TOU= XRO/NOU PROSAPTOME/NH H)\ A)LHQEU/EI H)\ YEU/DETAI: MO/NH GA\R AU(/TH TH\N OU)SI/AN DHLOI=, E)N DE\ TAI=S PLAGI/AIS OU)DAMW=S A)LHQEU/EI H)\ YEU/DETAI, DIO/TI OU) TH\N OU)-SI/AN DHLOU=SIN A)LLA\ TA\ PERI\ TH\N OU)SI/AN. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *)APOROU=SI/ TINES: DIALEKTIKW=N KANO/NWN E)PITREPO/NTWN DI' A)PARI-QMH/SEWS EI)DW=N O(RISMO\N MH\ GI/NESQAI, PW=S AU)TO\S NU=N DI' A)PARIQMH/-SEWS EI)DW=N TO\N LO/GON W(RI/SATO; OI(=ON A)PARI/QMHSI/S E)STIN, H(NI/KA TIS QE/LWN TO\N A)RIQMO\N O(RI/SASQAI EI)/POI O(/TI A)RIQMO/S E)STI TO\ E)K @1 MONA/DWN SUGKEI/MENON PLH=QOS, OU(=TOS DE\ H)\ A)/RTIOS H)\ PERITTO/S: KAI\ TOU=TO LE/GWN E)SMI/KRUNE TO\ PRA=GMA [1SKOPO\S GA/R E)STI PA/NTA A)RIQMO\N O(RI/SASQAI]1. 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A)LLA\ KAI\ FUSIKO/N E)STIN [2W(S]2 TO\ PENTADA/KTULON DHMIOURGEI=SQAI TO\N A)/NQRWPON. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *TOUTE/STIN O(\N LO/GON E)/XEI O( DU/O PRO\S TO\N E(/NA, TO\N AU)TO\N LO/GON E)/XEI KAI\ O( TE/SSARA PRO\S TO\N E(/NA KATA\ TO\ E)PI\ PLE/ON, OU)X O(\N DE\ LO/GON E)/XEI O( EI(=S PRO\S TO\N DU/O KATA\ TO\ E)/LATTON, TOU=TON KAI\ O( TE/SSARA: MEI/ZWN GA\R O( TE/SSARA TOU= DU/O. KAI\ PA/LIN O(\N LO/GON @1 E)/XEI O( TRI/A PRO\S TO\N TE/SSARA KATA\ TO\ E)/LATTON, TO\N AU)TO\N TRO/PON KAI\ O( EI(=S PRO\S TO\N TE/SSARA: OU)X O(\N DE\ LO/GON E)/XEI O( TE/SSARA PRO\S TO\N TRI/A KATA\ TO\ E)PI\ PLE/ON, TO\N AU)TO\N LO/GON KAI\ O( EI(=S PRO\S TO\N TRI/A: E)LA/TTWN GA\R O( EI(=S TOU= TRI/A. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *DEI= EI)DE/NAI O(/TI H(NI/KA DU/O EI)SI\N A)NTIFA/SEIS, E)A\N TO\ E(\N SKE/-LOS TH=S PRW/THS KAQOLIKW/TERON U(PA/RXH| E(NO\S SKE/LOUS TH=S DEUTE/-RAS PROTA/SEWS, TO\ LOIPO\N SKE/LOS TH=S DEUTE/RAS TOU= LOIPOU= TH=S PRW/THS PROTA/SEWS SKE/LOUS KAQOLIKW/TERO/N E)STIN. DEI= GA\R A)N-TANI/SWSIN GENE/SQAI. E)TA/XQH DE\ U(PO\ TH\N A(PLH=N KATA/FASIN H( STERHTIKH\ KAI\ H( E)K METAQE/SEWS A)PO/FASIS DIA\ TO\ E(/PESQAI TAU/-TAS TH=| A(PLH=| KATAFA/SEI [OU) MH\N TA\S KATAFATIKA/S]. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *PW=S A)NWTE/RW E)A/SAS TOU\S PROSDIORISMOU\S TW=| KATHGOROUME/NW| KAI\ TW=| PROSKATHGOROUME/NW| TH\N "3OU)"3 A)/RNHSIN PROSH=YE PRO\S TH\N TH=S A)POFA/SEWS GE/NESIN; LE/GOMEN OU)=N O(/TI W(S MH/PW DIARQRWQE/NTWN TW=N PERI\ TW=N PROSDIORISMW=N QEWRHMA/TWN TOU=TO E)POI/HSE. NU=N @1 DE/, E)PEIDH\ W(/SPER I)DI/WS PERI\ PROSDIORISMOU= A)PEDI/DOU, DIA\ TOU=TO OU)K A)DU/NATON MH\ EI)PEI=N TOU/TWN TA\S E)NERGEI/AS. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *BOULO/MENOS O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS KAI\ E)C A)ORI/STOU U(POKEIME/NOU A)N-TI/FASIN EI)PEI=N EI)S PARA/DEIGMA EI)=PE TO\ "PA=S OU)K A)/NQRWPOS U(-GIAI/NEI" KAI\ "PA=S OU)K A)/NQRWPOS OU)X U(GIAI/NEI." I(/NA OU)=N MH/ TIS A)PORH/SH| PRO\S *)ARISTOTE/LHN KAI\ EI)/PH| DIA\ TI/ E)N TH=| A)POFA/-SEI TOU= A)ORI/STOU U(POKEIME/NOU MH\ TW=| PROSDIORISMW=| SUNH=YAS TH\N "3OU)"3 A)/RNHSIN KAI\ EI)=PAS O(/TI "OU) PA=S A)/NQRWPOS OU)X U(GIAI/NEI" [1OU(/TW GA\R A)O/RISTOS E)GI/NETO O( U(POKEI/MENOS]1, DIA\ TOU=TO/ FHSIN "OU) GA\R TO\ PA=S TO\ FUSIKO\N TO\ KAQO/LOU SHMAI/NEI A)LLA\ TO\ SXE-TIKO/N:" EI) GA\R TO\ FUSIKO\N E)SH/MAINEN, E)/DEI KAI\ TA\ KAQ' E(/KA-STA KAQO/LOU POIEI=N H(NI/KA TOU/TOIS PROSA/PTETAI, OU) SHMAI/NEI DE\ TO\ FUSIKO\N KAQO/LOU EI)=PEN A)NTI\ TOU= OU)K E)/STIN AI)/TION TOU= EI)=NAI KAQO/LOU TH\N PRO/TASIN, A)LLA\ TO\ O)\N E)N AU)TH=| KAQO/LOU MO/-NON DHMOSIEU/EI. A)LL' EI)KO/TWS TIS EI)/POI "KAI\ TI/ PRO\S TO\ PRO-KEI/MENON OI(=ON TOU= EI)=NAI TO\N U(POKEI/MENON H)\ W(RISME/NON H)\ A)O/RI- @1STON;" LE/GOMEN O(/TI W(/SPER TO\ OU)K A)/NQRWPOS PA=SAN TH\N A)NQRW-PO/THTA A)NAIREI=, OU(/TWS E)/MELLE KAI\ TO\ OU) PA=S TH\N PA=SAN A)NAI-REI=N A)NQRWPO/THTA, EI) E)SH/MAINE TO\ FUSIKO\N TO\ KAQO/LOU KAI\ H)=N AI)/TION TOU= EI)=NAI KAQO/LOU TH\N PRO/TASIN. E)PEIDH\ OU)=N A)NTI/FA-SI/S E)STI MA/XH TOU= AU)TOU= KATA\ TOU= AU)TOU=, DIA\ TOU=TO KAI\ O( *)A-RISTOTE/LHS FHSI\N O(/TI OU) TO\ FUSIKO\N KAQO/LOU SHMAI/NEI TO\ PA=S, I(/NA KURI/WS GE/NHTAI A)NTI/FASIS. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *)EN TOI=S PROLABOU=SI TEXNW/SAS TO\N A)POKRINO/MENON, H(NI/KA E)/LE-GE POI/W| MORI/W| DEI= PROSA/PTEIN TH\N E)K TH=S A)POKRI/SEWS E)PIFAI-NOME/NHN A)NTI/FASIN, EI)=TA TW=| METACU\ LO/GW| XRHSA/MENOS, NU=N TE-LEIOI= KAI\ TO\N E)RWTW=NTA. A)LL' E)PEIDH\ H( KURI/WS E)RW/THSIS KATA\ TH\N MI/AN PRO/TASIN GI/NETAI, DIALE/GETAI PERI\ TAU/THS KAI\ DIDA/-SKEI O(MOU= TI/S E)STIN H( KURI/WS MI/A PRO/TASIS. KAI\ MH\ NOMI/SH| TIS TO\N FILO/SOFON A)DOLESXEI=N: EI) GA\R KAI\ A)NWTE/RW PERI\ MIA=S PRO-TA/SEWS DIELE/XQH, A)LL' OU)=N PERI\ E)RWTH/SEWS KAI\ A)POKRI/SEWS TO\N LO/GON E)POIEI=TO, E)NTAU=QA DE\ PERI\ E)RWTH/SEWS DIALEGO/MENOS, PA/-LIN PROANAFWNEI= TI/S H( MI/A PRO/TASIS KAQ' H(\N E)RW/THSIS GI/NETAI, @1 W(/STE OU)=N OU)DAMW=S A)DOLESXEI= FA/SKWN O(/TI MI/A PRO/TASI/S E)STIN H( E(\N KAQ' E(NO\S SHMAI/NOUSA, H(/TIS E)/STAI KAI\ KURI/WS. TOU= AU)TOU=. <1*LE/GW DE\ E(\N OU)K E)A\N O)/NOMA E(\N H)=| KEI/MENON, MH\ H)=| DE\ E)/N TI TO\ E)K TOU/TWN>1. E)PEIDH\ EI)=PEN O(/TI E)A\N POLLA\ KAQ' E(NO\S KATHGORH=-TAI H)\ E)A\N E(\N KATA\ POLLW=N, OU)K E)/STI KATA/FASIS E)A\N MH\ E(/N TI SHMAI/NWSI TA\ POLLA/, I(/NA MH\ NOMI/SH| TIS O(/TI H( TOU= E(NO\S SHMA-SI/A KATA\ TO\ O)/NOMA/ E)STIN, OI(=ON W(S E)PI\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN, DIA\ TOU=-TO PROSDIORISMW=| KE/XRHTAI: FHSI\ GA\R O(/TI "LE/GW E(\N OU)K E)A\N O)/-NOMA E(\N H)=| TO\ KEI/MENON, MH\ H)=| DE\ E(/N TI E)C E)KEI/NWN," A)NTI\ TOU= TOU=TO/ E)STIN E(/N, I(/NA MI/A FU/SIS E)K TW=N POLLW=N A)POTELESQH=|. DIO\ KAI\ E)PA/GEI TO\ A)PO\ TOU= O(RISMOU= PARA/DEIGMA, O(/TI TA\ POLLA\ MI/AN FU/SIN A)POTELOU=SIN, O(/PER OU)K E)/STIN E)PI\ TW=N O(MWNU/MWN: O( GA\R XERSAI=OS KAI\ A)STRW=|OS KAI\ QALA/TTIOS KU/WN OU)K A)POTELOU=SI MI/AN FU/SIN, A)LLA\ MO/NON O(/TI E(\N E)/XOUSIN O)/NOMA: OU) PERI\ O)NO/MA-TOS DE/ E)STIN O( LO/GOS, A)LLA\ E(NO\S PRA/GMATOS E)K TW=N POLLW=N SUNISTAME/NOU. @1 *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *)EPI\ TW=N I)DI/A| LEGOME/NWN TRI/A DEI= PARAFULA/TTEIN, EI) SUNA/YAI AU)TA/ TIS BOU/LOITO. PRW=TON ME\N EI) KAI\ SUMBEBHKO/TA EI)=EN A)/M-FW E)N TW=| AU)TW=| U(POKEIME/NW|, OI(=ON TO\ LEUKO\N KAI\ TO\ MOUSIKO\N E)N TW=| *SWKRA/TEI, H)\ EI) QA/TERON SUMBEBHKO\S QATE/RW| SUMBEBHKO/TI SUNE/BH, OI(=ON LEUKW=| O)/NTI SUMBE/BHKE MOUSIKW=| EI)=NAI, H)\ EI) A)M-FO/TERA EI)=EN ME\N OU)SIW/DH, PROHGEI=TAI DE\ TO\ MERIKW/TERON TOU= KAQO/LOU, W(S E)N TW=| "A)/NQRWPOS DI/POUN E)STI/N" "O( A)/NQRWPOS ZW=|O/N E)STIN:" TAU=TA GA\R I)DI/A| ME\N LE/GETAI, A(/MA DE\ KAI\ SUNHMME/NWS OU)DE/POTE LE/GETAI. O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A(/MA ME\N LEGOME/NWN, I)DI/A| DE\ OU)/, TRI/A DEI= PARATHREI=N. PRW=TON ME\N EI) H( LE/CIS TH=| LE/CEI MA/XOITO W(S A)NTI/FASIS, W(S TO\ "A)/NQRWPOS OU)K A)/NQRWPOS:" DEU/TERON EI) OI( O(RISMOI\ TOI=S O(RISMOI=S MA/XOINTO, W(S E)PI\ TOU= "O( TEQNEW\S A)/NQRWPOS NEKRO/S E)STIN:" TRI/TON O(/TAN TO\ U(PARKTIKO\N R(H=MA KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S KAI\ OU) KAQ' AU(TO\ KATHGOREI=TAI TOU= U(PO-KEIME/NOU, W(S E)PI\ TOU= "*(/OMHROS POIHTH/S E)STIN." *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *KAI\ E)PI\ TOU/TOU, OI(=ON "KU/WN SO\S" LE/GOMEN, DIO/TI SO\N KTH=MA. @1 KAI\ PA/LIN "O( KU/WN PATH/R," DIO/TI TW=N SKULAKI/WN PATH/R: OU)X A(/MA DE\ TAU=TA DUNATO\N EI)PEI=N, OI(=ON "KU/WN SO\S PATH/R," W(/STE OU) PA/N-TWS TA\ I)DI/A| KAI\ A(/MA LE/GONTAI. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *TRISI\N OU)=N A)TOPH/MASIN O( TAU=TA POIW=N U(POPI/PTEI: YEU/DETAI, A)-DOLESXEI=, KAI\ A)DIANO/HTA LALEI=. YEU/DETAI O( LALW=N TO\N SKUTE/A A)GAQO/N. A)DOLESXEI= DE\ PA/LIN TOIOU/TW| TRO/PW|: A)LHQE\S GA\R EI)PEI=N I)DI/A| TO\N A)/NQRWPON LEUKO\N KAI\ PA/LIN I)DI/A| LEUKO/N: EI) DE\ TA\ I)-DI/A| PA/NTWS KAI\ A(/MA, E)/STAI LEUKO\N LEUKO\N TOU=TO EI)PEI=N. KAI\ E)PEIDH\ OU)K E)/STIN A)/TOPON TO\ TOIOU=TON EI)PEI=N, DIO/TI POLLA/KIS DIA\ TO\ A)KRAIFNE\S TH=S A)/GAN LEUKO/THTOS TW=| TOIOU/TW| E)PANADIPLASI-ASMW=| KEXRH/MEQA KAI\ LE/GOMEN TO\N A)/NQRWPON LEUKO\N LEUKO/N, DIA\ TOU=TO/ FHSI "KAI\ TOU=TO E)P' A)/PEIRON," I)/NA TUXO\N I)DI/A| LEGO/MENON TO\ "LEUKO\S" KAI\ PA/LIN "LEUKO/S," W(SAU/TWS KAI\ PA/LIN "LEUKO/S," TAU=TA KAI\ A(/MA LEGO/MENA E)/STAI A)DOLESXI/A, OI(=ON TO\ EI)PEI=N "A)/N-QRWPOS LEUKO\S LEUKO\S LEUKO\S" KAI\ E)P' A)/PEIRON. A)LLA\ KAI\ A)-DIANO/HTA POLLA/KIS LALH/SEI O(/STIS A)EI\ TA\ I)DI/A| LEGO/MENA KAI\ A(/MA EI)/PH|. E)/STI GA\R I)DI/A| EI)PEI=N TO\N A)/NQRWPON QNHTO\N KAI\ I)DI/A| ZW=|ON, TO\ DE\ A(/MA EI)PEI=N TAU=TA A)DIANO/HTON, OI(=ON TO\ QNHTO\N ZW=|ON: PA/N-TWS GA\R DIA\ TOU= QNHTOU= KAI\ TO\ ZW=|ON EI)SA/GETAI. @1 *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *)ISTE/ON O(/TI OU) MO/NON E(\N KATHGO/RHMA KATA\ TOU= A)TO/MOU: KA)\N GA\R A)/NQRWPON MO/NON W)NO/MASEN, A)LL' OU)=N TI\S A)/NQRWPOS GI/NETAI, E)A\N MH\ TINA\ I)DIO/THTA EI)/PWMEN, TUXO\N H)\ FALAKRO\N H)\ KOMH/THN. DEI= OU)=N SUNEPINOEI=N TH\N I)DIO/THTA META\ TOU= A)NQRW/POU KATHGO-ROUME/NHN TOU= A)TO/MOU TUXO\N W(/SPER EI) E)/LEGE TO\N TINA\ A)/NQRWPON FALAKRO\N KAI\ I)DI/A| A)/NQRWPON, O(MOI/WS DE\ KAI\ FALAKRO/N. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. <1*)ALL' E)/STIN E)F' W(=N>1. H)/GOUN E)F' O(/SWN DUNA/MEWN PROHGEI=TAI LO/-GOS [1TAU/TAS GA\R LE/GEI TA\S META\ LO/GOU DUNA/MEIS, OI(=ON TA\S A)PO\ TH=S BOULH=S]1, AU(=TAI E)NDEXO/MENAI/ EI)SIN: OU)DEI\S GA\R PERI\ A)NAGKAI/-OU BOULEU/ETAI. O(/SWN DE/, FHSI/N, OU) PROHGEI=TAI LO/GOS [1TAU/TAS GA\R PA/LIN H)|NI/CATO DIA\ TOU= EI)PEI=N "MH\ KATA\ LO/GON DUNA/MEIS"]1, TOU/TWN OU) PA=SAI E)/XOUSI TH\N PRO\S TO\ A)NTIKEI/MENON E)PITHDEIO/THTA, A)LLA\ TINE\S E)C AU)TW=N, OI(=ON E)PI\ TW=N KAQ' O(RMH/N: OU)DE\ TOU/TWN GA\R PROHGEI=TAI LO/GOS, KAI\ E)/XOUSI KAI\ TOU= A)NTIKEIME/NOU TH\N DU/NAMIN: DU/NATAI GA\R KAI\ BADI/SAI O( I(/PPOS KAI\ MH\ BADI/SAI. EI)SI\ DE\ KAI\ E)PI\ TW=N A)YU/XWN DUNA/MEIS TINE\S A)NAGKAI=AI [1A)LO/GOUS GA\R KAI\ TA\S E)N TOU/TOIS DUNA/MEIS E)KA/LESE KATA\ TO\ MH\ PROHGEI=SQAI LO/GON]1: @1 TOU/TWN OU)=N, W(S EI)/RHTAI, A)NAGKAI=AI/ EI)SIN AI( POIHTIKAI/, O(/TI A)EI\ E)NERGOU=SIN, OI(=ON TO\ PU=R DU/NAMIN A)NAGKAI/AN E)/XEI TOU= QER-MAI/NEIN, OU)/PW DE\ KAI\ MH\ QERMAI/NEIN DU/NATAI: AI( DE\ PAQHTIKAI\ DUNA/MEIS KAI\ TA\ A)NTIKEI/MENA DU/NANTAI, OI(=ON TO\ U(/DWR DU/NATAI E)CATMI/ZESQAI KAI\ MH\ E)CATMI/ZESQAI. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. <1*)/ENIAI DE\ DUNA/MEIS>1. NU=N PA/LIN DEI/KNUSIN O( *)ARISTOTE/LHS O(MW/-NUMON TO\ DUNATO\N KAI\ KAT' A)/LLON TRO/PON KAI\ MH\ MO/NON KATA\ TO\ E)/XEIN H)\ MH\ E)/XEIN A)NTIKEI/MENA EI)=NAI O(MW/NUMON, A)LLA\ KAI\ KATA\ TO\ DUNA/MEI KAI\ KATA\ TO\ E)NERGEI/A|. FHSI\ GOU=N O(/TI "E)/NIAI DE\ DU-NA/MEIS O(MW/NUMOI/ EI)SIN." LE/GETAI GA\R DUNATO\N KAI\ TO\ NU=N E)NER-GOU=N, OI(=ON TUXO\N DUNATO\N GRA/FEIN *PLA/TWNA O(/TI NU=N GRA/FWN E)STI/N: LE/GETAI DUNATO\N KAI\ TO\ MH/PW A)XQE\N EI)S E)NE/RGEIAN, OI(=ON TUXO\N DUNATO\N TO\ PAIDI/ON GENE/SQAI GRAMMATIKO/N, O(/TI ME/LLEI GENE/SQAI: NOU= GA\R KAI\ E)PISTH/MHS E)STI\ DEKTIKO\N KAI\ E)/XEI DU/NAMIN TOU/TOU. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *)EKO/LASE TO\N LO/GON KAI\ EI)=PEN "E)/STIN A)RXH\ I)/SWS TO\ A)NAGKAI=ON," @1 E)PEIDH/ E)STI LO/GOS ME\N O( A)NAGKA/ZWN TO\ PROTAGH=NAI AU)TO/, E)/STI DE\ KAI\ KWLU/WN E(/TEROS. A)NAGKA/ZEI ME\N GA\R LO/GOS TO\ PROTAGH=-NAI TO\ A)NAGKAI=ON DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI AU)TO\ A)META/PTWTON, KWLU/EI DE\ DIA\ TO\ EI)=NAI TO\ DUNATO\N KAQOLIKW/TERON, TA\ DE\ KAQO/LOU TW=N MERIKW/TERON TIMIW/TERA. DIA\ GOU=N TOU=TO KOLA/SAS EI)=PE TO\ "E)/S-TI DE\ A)RXH\ I)/SWS TO\ A)NAGKAI=ON." *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *KAI\ A)/LLWS. FU/SEI PRW=TON E)NTAU=QA A)KOUSTE/ON OU) TO\ SUNANAIROU=N KAI\ MH\ SUNANAIROU/MENON KAI\ SUNEISFERO/MENON KAI\ MH\ SUNEISFE/RON, A)LLA\ FU/SEI PRO/TERON A)KOUSTE/ON NU=N O(\N E)/XEI PRW=TON SKOPO\N H( FU/-SIS POIH=SAI. E)PEIDH\ DE\ SKOPO\S TH=| FU/SEI E)NERGEI/A| POIH=SAI O(/PER POIEI=, KATA\ TOU=TO KAI\ TH=| FU/SEI E)STI\ PRW=TON, TW=| DE\ XRO/NW| U(/STE-RON, W(/SPER TH\N DU/NAMIN: A)PO\ GA\R TW=N DUNA/MEWN AI( E)NE/RGEIAI PROBA/LLONTAI. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *)ISTE/ON DE\ O(/TI A)NA/GKH, W(S A)\N E)/XH| TO\ E(\N ME/ROS TH=S A)NTIFA/SEWS, OU(/TWS E)/XEIN KAI\ TO\ E(/TERON. OU) GA\R E)NDE/XETAI KATA/ TI MO/RION @1 AU)TH=S EI)=NAI KAQ' AU(TO/, KATA/ TI DE\ KATA\ SUMBEBHKO/S. DIA\ GA\R TH\N AU)TH\N AI)TI/AN KAI\ H( KATA/FASIS H( LE/GOUSA TO\ A)GAQO\N KAKO/N, KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S YEUDH/S: DE/DEIKTAI GA\R H( TAU/THS A)PO/-FASIS KATA\ SUMBEBHKO\S A)LHQH/S. W(/STE OU)=N A)/RA MA=LLON YEUDH\S H( TOU= A)GAQOU= A)PO/FASIS H)/PER H( TOU= E)NANTI/OU KATA/FASIS: EI) DE\ MA=LLON YEUDH/S, KAI\ MA=LLON E)NANTIOU=TAI H)/PER H( TOU= E)NANTI/OU KATA/FASIS. *)OLUMPIODW/ROU. *DIDA/CAS O(/TI TH\N A)PO/FASIN KATAKRATEI=N E)F' W(=N E)STI\N E)NANTIO/-THS, W(/SPER KAI\ E)F' W(=N OU)K E)/STIN E)NANTIO/THS, NU=N KAI\ TO\N TRO/PON H(MA=S DIDA/SKEI TH=S A)NTIQE/SEWS O(\N E)/XEI H( A)PO/FASIS PRO\S TH\N KATA/FASIN E)F' W(=N OU)K E)/STIN E)NANTIO/THS, OI(=ON W(/SPER E)PI\ TH=S OU)SI/AS. KAI/ FHSIN O(/TI A)NTI/KEITAI H( A)PO/FASIS PRO\S TH\N KATA/FASIN KAQO\ H( ME\N A)LHQEU/EI, H( DE\ YEU/DETAI, KAI\ E)PA/GEI PA-RA/DEIGMA TOU=TO, O(/TI O( OI)O/MENOS KAI\ A)POFA/SKWN TO\N A)/NQRWPON MH\ EI)=NAI A)/NQRWPON DIE/YEUSTAI: EI) DE\ TAU=TA OU(/TWS E)/XEI, OU(/TW DEI= KRI/NEIN TH\N MA/XHN TH=| A)POFA/SEI KAI\ E)F' W(=N E)STI\N E)NANTIO/THS. @1