Rulers: Benin
Traditional polities
Agwe
1812 Ewe state of Agwe founded (partially in present Togo)
1895 state annexed by France
1901 state reconstituted under French/German colonial authority
Rulers
1812 - 1821 Komlagan
1821 - 1833 Katraya
1833 - 1834 Agunu
1834 - 1844 Toji
1844 - 1846 Kponton I avumbe
1846 - 1858 Hanto Tona
1858 - 1873 Soji = Komin Agidi
1873 - 1889 Atanle
1889 - 1894 Ahrlonko Butiyi
1894 - 1895 Kwasihela Diogo
1901 - 1930 Abalo Bajavi
1930 - 1935 Kofi Titriwe
1937 - 1945 Augustino Olympio
1946 - 1949 Kponton II
Ajache Ipo
1688 Fon kingdom of Ajache Ipo founded, originating in split
in royal family of Alada; state known to Europeans as
Porto Novo
7 Feb 1908 annexed by France; royalty continues to 1976
Kings (title Ahosu)
- Agasuvi dynasty (also styled Alada-tadonu or Hwegbonu) -
1794 - 1807 Hufon (b. ... - d. 1807)
1807 - 1816 Ajohan (b. ... - d. 1816)
1816 - 1818 Tofa I (b. ... - d. 1818)
1818 - 1828 Hweze (b. ... - d. 1828)
1828 - 1836 Toyon (b. ... - d. 1836)
1836 - 8 Sep 1848 Meyi (b. ... - d. 1848)
8 Sep 1848 - 3 Feb 1864 Soji (b. ... - d. 1864)
11 Feb 1864 - 23 May 1872 Mikpon (b. ... - d. 1872)
4 Jun 1872 - 26 Jun 1874 Mesi II (b. ... - d. 1874)
16 Sep 1874 - 7 Feb 1908 Tofa II (b. ... - d. 1908)
Chefs supérieurs
10 Feb 1908 - 22 Oct 1913 Gbedisin Tofa (b. ... - d. 1913)
1913 - 1929 Huji (b. ... - d. 1929)
1929 - 1930 Toli (b. ... - d. 1930)
1930 - 1940 Gbehinto (b. ... - d. 1940)
1941 - 194. Gbeso Toyi
194. - 16 Jul 1976 Alohinto Gbeffa (b. ... - d. 1976)
Alada
c.1550 Fon kingdom of Alada founded by emigrants from Tado
(see Togolese traditional polities); known to French as
Allada or Ardres
Mar 1724 conquered by Danhome
1734 Danhome permits institution of subordinate royalty,
from 1780 belonging to original dynasty
1894 France reestablishes kingdom
1909 annexed by France; royalty continues as chef supérieur
Kings (title Ajahutonon or Alada hosu)
- Agasuvi dynasty (also styled Alada-tadonu) -
1792 - 1842 Ganwa (b. ... - d. 1842)
1842 - 1885 Ganji Sinje "Ajahutonon-Kpevi" (b. ... - d. 1885)
1885 - 1894 vacant
1894 - 1909 Gi-gla I (b. ... - d. 1909)
Chefs supérieurs
1909 - 15 Dec 1923 Jihento (b. ... - d. 1923)
1923 - 1954 Kanfon (b. ... - d. 1954)
1954 - 19.. Gi-gla II
King
2 Dec 1992 - Kpodégbé Djigla
Danhome
c.1600 Fon kingdom of Agbome founded, originating in split
in royal family of Alada
c.1700 after expansion, kingdom renamed Danhome (known to
Europeans as Dahomey)
15 Jan 1894 Danhome defeated by France, is split into successor kingdom
of Agbome (Abomey) and restored kingdom of Alada (Allada)
12 Feb 1900 Agbome (Abomey) annexed by France; royalty continues
Kings (title Ahosu)
- Agasuvi dynasty (also styled Alada-tadonu) -
1685 - 1708 Akaba (b. 16... - d. 1708)
1708 - 1727 Agadja Trudo (b. 1673? - d. 1727)
1727 - 17 May 1774 Tegbessou (b. 1703? - d. 1774)
1774 - 17 Apr 1789 Kpengla (b. ... - d. 1789)
1789 - 1797 Agonglo (b. ... - d. 1797)
Apr 1797 - 1818 Adandozan "Madogugu"
(possibly originally a regent)
1818 - Dec 1858 Gezo "Gbalangbe," "Zedoko" (b. ... - d. 1858)
Dec 1858 - 29 Dec 1889 Gelele "Kinikini," "Ahogla,"
"Togodo," "Basagla" (b. ... - d. 1889)
30 Dec 1889 - 15 Jan 1894 Gbehanzin "Chadakogundo" (b. 1844 - d. 1906)
15 Jan 1894 - 1940 Agoli Agbo I (1900-18 in exile)
1940 - 1948 Aidododo
1948 - 1983 Togni-Ahoussou
*1986 - 1989 Joseph Langanfin?
30 Sep 1989 - 2 Jul 2018 Agoli Agbo Dedjalagni (b. 1935? - d. 2018)
22 Jan 2000 - 30 Dec 2012 Houédogni Béhanzin (rival king) (b. 1943 - d. 2013)
12 Jan 2019 - 17 Dec 2021 Dada Kefa Sagbadjou Glèlè (b. 1934? - d. 2021)
22 Jan 2022 - Georges Collinet Béhanzin
Dassa
c.1600 Yoruba kingdom of Dassa founded
c.1800 conquered by Danhome
1889 independent of Danhome, under French protectorate
Rulers (title Oba)
1889 - ... Ajikin Zomaw
... - 1941 Abisi Oyo (b. ... - d. 1941)
13 Jun 1941 - 24 Jul 1942 Awo Alagi (b. ... - d. 1942)
1942 - ... Bernardin Zomaw
*2000 - Egba Kotan II
Fitta
c.1700 Mahi state of Fitta founded
Rulers
*1800* Ayaba Abaoke
18.. - 18.. Ajiba Abaoke
18.. - 18.. Zigbale
18.. - 18.. Limu Madu Zohun "Adakpe"
18.. - 18.. ...
*1894* Dikple
Gwande
... Berba state of Gwande founded
Rulers
... - ... Kasa
... - ... Wimbo Kasa I
... - ... Kandikoni
... - ... Nyami I
... - ... Dari
... - ... Kunyati
... - ... Sakwa
... - ... Ikori
... - ... Wimbo Kasa II
... - ... Nambo
... - ... Nyami II
... - ... Yani
Icha
c.1800 Yoruba state of Icha founded
Rulers
... - ... Baba Akete
... - ... Lauru
... - ... Obinti
... - ... Akan Aku
... - ... Kase Kpe
... - ... Lauru Tofa
... - ... Lauru Tonyon
... - ... Lauro Bezon
... - ... Lauru Asogba
*1920* Lauru
Jugu
c.1700 Gurmanche state of Jugu or Sugu founded
Rulers
- Gurma dynasty -
1800 - 1815 Bangba Nyora II (b. ... - d. 1815)
1815 - 18.. Kpe Toni II
18.. - 18.. Kurugu IV Atakora
18.. - 1880 Nyora III (b. ... - d. 1880)
1880 - 28 Jul 1899 Kpe Toni III (b. ... - d. 1899)
11 Aug 1899 - 1900 Baba Jimba
13 Feb 1900 - 19.. Atakora
19.. - 19.. Kpe Toni IV
19.. - 19.. Kpe Toni V
19.. - 19.. Kpe Toni VI
Kandi
c.1700 Bariba (Borgu) state of Kandi founded
Rulers (title Saka)
... - ... Bagu I
... - ... Bukunene
... - ... Barikali II
... - ... Minti II
... - ... Kina Dogo "Donsarukpunon"
... - ... Gezere II
... - 1911 Lafia II (b. ... - d. 1911)
1911 - 1929 Zibiri II (b. ... - d. 1929)
1929 - 19.. Bagu II
19.. - ... Sabi Goro
Ketu
c.1500 Yoruba state moved its capital to Ketu
1886 conquered by Danhome
1893 restored by France under protectorate
1963 state extinguished
Rulers (title Oba, also styled Alaketu)
1795 - 1816 Ajibolu (b. ... - d. 1816)
1816 - 1853 Adebiya (b. ... - d. 1853)
1853 - Dec 1858 Adegbede (b. ... - d. 1858)
Dec 1858 - 1867 Adiro
1867 - 1883 Osun Ojeku (b. ... - d. 1883)
1883 - 1886 Agidigbo Hungbo (regent)
1893 - 1894 Ida (f) (regent)
13 Feb 1894 - 1918 Oyengen (b. ... - d. 1918)
1918 - 1936 Ademufekun Dudu (b. ... - d. 1936)
1937 - 1963 Alamu Adewori Adegibite
Kwande
1790 Bariba (Borgu) state of Kwande founded
Rulers (title Bangana)
1790 - 1804 Woru Wari I "Taburufa" (b. ... - d. 1804)
1804 - 1816 Woru Suru I "Baba Tantame" (b. ... - d. 1816)
1816 - 1833 Soru I (b. ... - d. 1833)
1833 Bio Doko (b. ... - d. 1833)
1833 - 1852 Buku Ya Dari "Ginimu Siku" (b. ... - d. 1852)
1852 - 1883 Wonkuru "Tabuko" (b. ... - d. 1883)
1883 - 1897 Woru Wari II (b. ... - d. 1897)
5 Mar 1898 - 2 May 1904 Suanru (b. ... - d. 1904)
May 1904 - Feb 1929 Gunu Deke (b. ... - d. 1929)
9 Dec 1929 - 19 Jan 1943 Woru Suru II (b. ... - d. 1943)
4 Sep 1943 - Jul 1949 Soru II (b. ... - d. 1949)
1 Jan 1950 - 11 Jul 1957 Woru Wari III "Tunku Cessi" (b. ... - d. 1957)
20 Jan 1958 - 1961 Imoru Dogo (b. ... - d. 1961)
*1996 - 2005 Oru Suru II (b. ... - d. 2005)
*2005 - Soru III
Nikki
... Nikki, the second-ranking kingdom in Borgu, founded;
for the premier Borgu kingdom, Bussa, as well as Kaiama,
see Nigerian traditional polities
Rulers (title Sarkin Nikki)
... - ... Kpe Gunu "Giribussike"
... - ... Seru Kpera "Illorikpunon"
... - ... Sina Boagi "Ningurumekpunon"
... - ... Kpe Gunu "Yoromkire" Bio Bukari
... - 1837 Seru Kpera "Niamarekpunon" (b. ... - d. 1837)
1837 - 18.. Seru Kpe Lafia
18.. - 18.. Seru Kora
18.. - 18.. Kpe Sumera = Karakoari = Tokobu
18.. - 18.. Seru Tasu
18.. - Dec 1897 Seru Toru "Munko" = Seru Turinka
= Sina Toru (b. ... - d. 1897)
1898 - 1901 Kpe Sumera (b. ... - d. 1901)
1901 - 1915 Sina Toru "Passo," "Suanru" (b. ... - d. 1915)
1915 - 1917 Kisra Pruka (b. ... - d. 1917)
1917 - 1924 Seru Naina (b. ... - d. 1924)
1924 - 1928 Kisra Yeruma = Seru Toru Tanku (b. ... - d. 1928)
1928 - 1932 Seru Kpera (b. ... - d. 1932)
1932 - 1938 Kpe Gunu "Kora Gari" (b. ... - d. 1938)
1938 - 1952 Kpe Gunu "Shabi Yerima" (b. ... - d. 1952)
1952 - 1957 Kpe Lafia (b. ... - d. 1957)
1957 - 19.. Seru Kpera "Saka Mivera"
1992 - Seru Kora
Paraku
c.1700 Bariba (Borgu) state of Paraku founded
Rulers
... - ... Akpaki Duro Bekuru I
... - ... Akpaki Atagara
... - ... Akpaki Timkpopo
... - ... Akpaki Yereku
... - ... Akpaki Gobinyesse
... - ... Akpaki Tinra I
... - ... Akpaki Bukukinnin I
... - ... Buru Borassi
*1894* Akpaki Lafia I
189. - 1895 Buru "Gingirekpunon" (b. ... - d. 1895)
1895 Buru Donborigi (b. ... - d. 1895)
1895 - 1927 Buru Gessere (b. ... - d. 1927)
1927 - 1942 Akpaki Tinra II (b. ... - d. 1942)
1942 - 1952 Buru Donkakuson II (b. ... - d. 1952)
1952 - 1974 Akpaki Duro Bekuru II
1974 - 1995 Akpaki Lafia II
28 Dec 1995 - 12 Oct 2004 Akpaki Dagbara II (b. ... - d. 2004)
20 Sep 2012 - 21 Sep 2014 Akpaki Boukou Kinnin II (b. ... - d. 2014)
Sabe
Note: The available records for this Yoruba state are fragmentary and conflicting; there is a long line of rulers styled Ola, and the recent rulers are said by one source to alternate between descendants of either of two brothers.
Rulers (title Onisabe)
1803 - 1818 Ola Obe "Yai," "Woru" (b. ... - d. 1818)
1818 - ... Ola Mone
... - ... Ola Akikenju
*1902* Momodu
Savalu
c.1650 Mahi state of Savalu founded
Rulers
*1795* Gbagidi IV Jeizo Bonanaglo
... - 1821 Gbagidi V Bedebu (b. ... - d. 1821)
1821 - 1863 Gbagidi VI Nyunyisso (b. ... - d. 1863)
1863 - 1885 Gbagidi VII Lintonon (b. ... - d. 1885)
1885 - 1902 Gbagidi VIII Zundegla
= Zundegla Nozin Wandodo (b. ... - d. 1902)
14 Jul 1902 - 4 Feb 1928 Gbagidi IX Nyumoan (b. ... - d. 1928)
1928 - 1937 Gbagidi X Bahinon
1938 - 19.. Gbagidi XI Gandigbe
19.. - 2002 Houessonlin Gbaguidi XII (b. 19... - d. 2002)
2006 - 18 Sep 2014 Tossoh Gbaguidi XIII (b. 19... - d. 2014)
Feb 2015 - 29 Jan 2020 Gandjègni Awoyo Gbaguidi XIV (b. 1956? - d. 2020)
Jun 2022 - Gangnihoun Tonafa Ganfon Gbaguidi
XV
Savi Hweda
1580 Fon state of Savi Hweda (in English, Whydah; in French,
Ouidah) founded
9 Mar 1727 conquered by and incorporated into Danhome, royalty
continues
Rulers
1671 - 1703 Ayohwan
1704 - 1708 Aysan = Amah
1708 - 1741 Hufon
1753 - 1774 Sagbe
1776 - 1802 Akanmou
1804 - 1819 Dèkpon
1820 - 1843 Dèdé
1844 - 1857 Dèdji
*2006 - Mitodaho Kpassenhon