Rulers: Pakistan
States
Note: This record is in four parts: (A) the Punjab and Sind states, those extinguished 12 Feb 1843 and those acceding to Pakistan upon its creation or shortly thereafter and extinguished 14 Oct 1955; (B) the four Balochistan states, acceding to Pakistan in Mar 1948 and forming the Balochistan States Union, and also extinguished 14 Oct 1955; (C) frontier states, originally under Pakistani suzerainty but not incorporated into Pakistan (only major states are recorded here); and (D) Azad Kashmir, with Baltistan.
Punjab and Sind states
Bahawalpur
1690 Bahawalpur state founded
7 Oct 1947 Bahawalpur accedes to Pakistan
14 Oct 1955 state extinguished
Emirs (full title from 5 Jan 1740 Nawwab Amir)
- BanuŽl-`Abbas or DaŽudputra dynasty -
1690 - 1702 Bahadur Khan II (b. 16... - d. 1702)
1702 - 1723 Mobarak Khan I (b. 16... - d. 1726)
1723 - 11 Apr 1746 Sadeq Mohammad Khan I (b. ... - d. 1746)
11 Apr 1746 - 12 Jun 1750 Mohammad Bahawal Khan I (b. ... - d. 1750)
12 Jun 1750 - 4 Jun 1772 Mobarak Khan II (b. ... - d. 1772)
4 Jun 1772 - 13 Aug 1809 Mohammad Bahawal Khan II (b. 1753 - d. 1809)
13 Aug 1809 - 17 Apr 1826 Sadeq Mohammad Khan II (b. 1781 - d. 1826)
17 Apr 1826 - 19 Oct 1852 Mohammad Bahawal Khan III (b. ... - d. 1852)
19 Oct 1852 - 20 Feb 1853 Sadeq Mohammad Khan III (b. ... - d. 1861)
20 Feb 1853 - 3 Oct 1858 Fath Mohammad Khan (b. ... - d. 1858)
3 Oct 1858 - 25 Mar 1866 Mohammad Bahawal Khan IV (b. ... - d. 1866)
25 Mar 1866 - 14 Feb 1899 Sadeq Mohammad Khan IV (b. 1862 - d. 1899)
14 Feb 1899 - 15 Feb 1907 Mohammad Bahawal Khan V (b. 1883 - d. 1907)
15 Feb 1907 - 14 Oct 1955 Sadeq Mohammad Khan V (b. 1904 - d. 1966)
Prime ministers
1942 - 1947 Richard Marsh Crofton (from
1945, Sir Richard Marsh Crofton) (b. 1891 - d. 1955)
1947 - 1948 Mushtaq Ahmad Gurmani (b. 1905 - d. 1981)
1948 - 1952 John Dring (b. 1902 - d. 1991)
1952 - 1955 A.R. Khan
Sind
1053 state of as-Sind secedes from Ghaznavid empire
1781/82 the Talpur clan displaces the Kalhora clan as rulers of Sind
12 Feb 1843 Britain extinguishes the state, its territory being
eventually incorporated into British India and, from
15 Aug 1947, into Pakistan
Khans (often ruling jointly)
- Talpur dynasty -
1783 - 1801 Mir Fath `Ali ibn Sobhdar
1801 - 1811 Gholam `Ali ibn Sobhdar
1801 - 1828 Karim `Ali ibn Sobhdar
1801 - 1833 Morad `Ali ibn Sobhdar
1833 - 1840 Nur Mohammad ibn Morad `Ali
1833 - 12 Feb 1843 Nasir Mohammad ibn Morad `Ali
1833 - 12 Feb 1843 Sobhdar
1833 - 12 Feb 1843 Mohammad
1840 - 12 Feb 1843 Shahdad ibn Nur Mohammad
1840 - 12 Feb 1843 Hosayn `Ali ibn Nur Mohammad
Khayrpur
1775 Talpur clan founds the state of Khayrpur
15 Aug 1947 Khayrpur accedes to Pakistan
14 Oct 1955 state extinguished
Rulers (title Mir)
- Talpur dynasty, Sohrabani lineage -
1775 - 1811 Sohrab Khan (b. ... - d. 1830)
1811 - Dec 1842 Rostam `Ali Khan
(jointly with the following two)
1829 - 1839 Mobarak `Ali Khan
1839 - 18.. Naser Khan
Dec 1842 - 2 Apr 1894 `Ali Morad Khan (b. 1815 - d. 1894)
2 Apr 1894 - 6 Mar 1909 FaŽiz Mohammad Khan (I) (b. 1837 - d. 1909)
6 Mar 1909 - 8 Feb 1921 Emam Bakhsh Khan (b. 1860 - d. 1921)
25 Jun 1921 - 25 Dec 1935 `Ali Nawaz Khan (b. 1884 - d. 1935)
26 Dec 1935 - 19 Jul 1947 FaŽiz Mohammad Khan (II) (b. 1913 - d. 1954)
24 Jul 1947 - 14 Oct 1955 George `Ali Morad Khan (b. 1933)
Mirpur
1801 Mirpur state founded by branch of the Talpur clan
12 Feb 1843 Britain extinguishes the state, its territory being
eventually incorporated into British India and, from
15 Aug 1947, into Pakistan
Rulers (title Mir)
- Talpur dynasty, Manikani lineage -
1801 - 1829 Tharo Khan ibn Morad `Ali
1829 - 12 Feb 1843 Shir Mohammad ibn Tharo
Balochistan states
3 Oct 1952 - 14 Oct 1955 the four Balochistan states form the Balochistan States
Union, with the Wali of Kalat as Khan-e A`zam of the Union
Kalat
1666 Kalat State founded
31 Mar 1948 Kalat accedes to Pakistan
3 Oct 1952 joins Balochistan States Union
14 Oct 1955 state extinguished
Rulers (titles Wali, Begler Begi Khan)
- Kambarani dynasty, Ahmadzay segment -
1795 - 1817 Mahmud Khan I
1817 - 13 Nov 1839 Mohammad Mehrab Khan II (b. ... - d. 1839)
1839 - 1840 Shah Nawaz Khan
1840 - 1857 Hosayn Nasir Khan II
1857 - Mar 1863 Khodadad Khan (1st time)
Mar 1863 - May 1864 Shirdil Khan (b. ... - d. 1864)
May 1864 - 15 Aug 1893 Khodadad Khan (2nd time)
10 Nov 1893 - 3 Nov 1931 Mahmud Khan II (b. 1864 - d. 1931)
3 Nov 1931 - 10 Sep 1933 A`zam Khan (b. ... - d. 1933)
10 Sep 1933 - 14 Oct 1955 Ahmad Yar Khan (b. 1902 - d. 1979)
Las Bela
1742 Las Bela State refounded
17 Mar 1948 Las Bela accedes to Pakistan
3 Oct 1952 joins Balochistan States Union
14 Oct 1955 state extinguished
Rulers (title Jam Saheb)
- Jamot dynasty, Kathuria segment -
1742 - 1765 Ali Khan I
1765 - 1776 Ghulam Shah
1776 - 1818 Mir Khan I
1818 - 1830 Ali Khan II
1830 - 1869 Mir Khan II (1st time)
1869 - 1886 Ali Khan III (1st time) (b. 1849 - d. 1896)
1886 - 1888 Mir Khan II (2nd time)
21 Jan 1888 - Jan 1896 Ali Khan III (2nd time) (s.a.)
May 1896 - 1921 Kamal Khan
1921 - 1937 Ghulam Mohammad Khan (b. 1895 - d. 1937)
1937 - 14 Oct 1955 Ghulam Qadir Khan (b. 1920 - d. 1988)
Makran
... Makran established as a vassal state of Kalat
1917 - 1922 no rulers
17 Mar 1948 Makran ceases being a vassal of Kalat and accedes
to Pakistan
3 Oct 1952 joins Balochistan States Union
14 Oct 1955 state extinguished
Ruler (title Nazem)
1898 - 1917 Mehr Allah Khan
Rulers (title Nawwab)
1922 - 19.. A`zam Jan
19.. - 14 Oct 1955 Bai Khan Baloch Gikchi (b. 1890 - d. 19...)
Kharan
bf.1697 Kharan established as a vassal state of Kalat
1940 Kharan ceases being a vassal of Kalat
17 Mar 1948 Kharan accedes to Pakistan
3 Oct 1952 joins Balochistan States Union
14 Oct 1955 state extinguished
Rulers (title Mir; from 1921, Sardar Bahador Nawwab)
- Nowsherwani dynasty -
*1810* `Abbas Khan
1833 - 1885 Azad Khan (b. 1793 - d. 1885)
1885 - Jun 1909 Nowruz Khan (b. 1855 - d. 1909)
1909 - 19 Apr 1911 Mohammad Ya`qub Khan (b. 18... - d. 1911)
1911 - 14 Oct 1955 Habibullah Khan (b. 1897 - d. ...)
Frontier states
Amb
... Tanawal State, commonly known as Amb, founded
1948 under Pakistani suzerainty
28 Jul 1969 incorporated into Pakistan
Rulers (title Mir; from 1868, Nawwab)
- Hindwal dynasty -
... - 1818 Nawwab Khan
1818 - 1840 Payenda Khan
1840 - 18.. Jahandad Khan
*1868 - 1907 Mohammad Akram Khan
1907 - 26 Feb 1936 Zaman Khan
26 Feb 1936 - 28 Jul 1969 Mohammad Farid Khan (b. 1893 - d. ...)
Chitral
1585 Chitral State refounded by Kator dynasty
1947 under Pakistani suzerainty
28 Jul 1969 incorporated into Pakistan
Rulers (title Mihtar)
- Kator dynasty -
c.1798 - c.1818 Shah Khairullah Khuswaqte (b. ... - d. c.1818)
1818 - 1833 Shah Nawaz Khan
1833 - 1837 Mohtaram Shah II (b. ... - d. 1837)
1837 - 1853 Shah Afzal II (b. ... - d. 1853)
1853 - 1857 Mohtaram Shah III (b. ... - d. 1858)
1857 - 30 Aug 1892 Aman al-Molk II (b. ... - d. 1892)
30 Aug 1892 - 1 Dec 1892 Afzal al-Molk (b. ... - d. 1892)
1 Dec 1892 - 12 Dec 1892 Shir Afzal Khan (b. ... - d. bf.1923)
12 Dec 1892 - 1 Jan 1895 Nizam al-Molk (b. ... - d. 1895)
1 Jan 1895 - 1 May 1895 Amin al-Molk (b. ... - d. 1924)
1 May 1895 - 13 Oct 1936 Shoja` al-Molk (b. 1882 - d. 1936)
13 Oct 1936 - 29 Jun 1943 Mohammad Naser al-Molk (b. 1897 - d. 1943)
29 Jun 1943 - 7 Jan 1949 Mohammad Mozaffar al-Molk (b. 1901 - d. 1949)
7 Jan 1949 - 14 Oct 1953 Sayf ar-Rahman (b. 1926 - d. 1953)
14 Oct 1953 - 28 Jul 1969 Mohammad Naser Sayf al-Molk (b. 1950 - d. 2011)
Dir
... Dir State founded
1947 under Pakistani suzerainty
28 Jul 1969 incorporated into Pakistan
Rulers (title Khan; from Jun 1897, Nawwab Khan Bahador)
... - ... Gholam Khan Baba
... - ... Zafar Khan
... - ... Qasem Khan
... - ... Ghazzan Khan
... - 1884 Rahmat Allah Khan
1884 - 1890 Mohammad Sharif Khan (1st time)
1890 - 1896 Mohammad `Omara Khan
1896 - Dec 1904 Mohammad Sharif Khan (2nd time)
Dec 1904 - Feb 1925 Awrangzeb Badshah Khan
Feb 1925 - 9 Nov 1960 Mohammad Shah Jahan Khan (b. 1890? - d. ...)
9 Nov 1960 - 28 Jul 1969 Mohammad Shah Khosru Khan
Hunza
bf.1710 Hunza State founded
25 Sep 1974 incorporated into Pakistan
Rulers (title Mir)
179. - 1825 Salim Khan III (b. ... - d. 1825)
1825 - 1864 Ghazanfar Khan (b. ... - d. 1864)
1864 - 1886 Mohammad Ghazan Khan I (b. ... - d. 1886)
1886 - 1892 Safdar `Ali Khan
15 Sep 1892 - 22 Jul 1938 Mohammad Nazim Khan (b. 1861 - d. 1938)
1938 - 1945 Mohammad Ghazan Khan II
Apr 1945 - 25 Sep 1974 Mohammad Jamal Khan (b. 1912 - d. 1976)
Nagar
13.. Nagar State founded
25 Sep 1974 incorporated into Pakistan
Rulers (title Mir)
- Maghlot dynasty -
... - 1839 Rahim Khan
1839 - 1891 Ja`far Zahed Khan (1st time)
1891 - 1892 Raja Ozor Khan (acting)
1892 - 1904 Ja`far Zahed Khan (2nd time)
1905 - 17 Mar 1940 Raja Mir Eskandar Khan
1940 - 25 Sep 1974 Showkat `Ali Khan (b. 1916? - d. 2003)
Swat
Note: Swat had been ruled sporadically by religious leaders (akhonds). The "secular" state was established 1849 and was in abeyance 1863-1914.
1947 under Pakistani suzerainty
28 Jul 1969 state extinguished
Rulers (title Amir-e Shariyat; from Nov 1918, Badshah; from 3 May 1926, Wali)
1849 - 1 May 1857 Sayyed Akbar Shah (b. 1793 - d. 1857)
1 May 1857 - 1863 Sayyed Mubarak Shah Sahib
1914 - 1917 Sayyed `Abd al-Jabbar Khan (b. c.1880 - d. 19...)
Sep 1917 - 12 Dec 1949 Miyangol Golshahzada `Abd al-Wadud (b. 1882 - d. 1971)
12 Dec 1949 - 28 Jul 1969 Miyangol `Abd al-Haqq Jahanzib (b. 1908 - d. 1987)
Azad Kashmir
4 Oct 1947 Azad ("Free") Kashmir established;
officially: State of Jammu and Kashmir
Presidents
4 Oct 1947 - 24 Oct 1947 Ghulam Nabi Gilkar "Anwar"
(provisional)
24 Oct 1947 - 30 May 1950 Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan
(1st time) (b. 1915 - d. 2003)
(provisional to 15 Mar 1949)
30 May 1950 - 2 Dec 1951 Sayyed Ali Ahmad Shah
8 Jan 1951 - 1951 Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas (b. 1904 - d. 1967)
("Supreme Head of the State of Jammu and Kashmir")
2 Dec 1951 - 18 May 1952 Mir Ways Muhammad Yusof Shah
(1st time) (administrator)
18 May 1952 - 21 Jun 1952 Raja Muhammad Haydar Khan
21 Jun 1952 - 30 May 1956 Shir Ahmad Khan
30 May 1956 - 8 Sep 1956 Mir Ways Muhammad Yusof Shah
(2nd time) (administrator)
8 Sep 1956 - 13 Apr 1957 Sardar Abdul Qayyum Khan
(1st time) (b. 1924 - d. 2015)
13 Apr 1957 - 27 Apr 1959 Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan
(2nd time) (s.a.)
1 May 1959 - 7 Aug 1964 Khorshid Hasan Khorshid (b. 1916)
7 Aug 1964 - 7 Oct 1969 Abdul Hamid Khan
7 Oct 1969 - 30 Oct 1970 Abdul Rahman Khan (1st time)
(interim)
30 Oct 1970 - 16 Apr 1975 Sardar Abdul Qayyum Khan
(2nd time) (s.a.)
16 Apr 1975 - 5 Jun 1975 Sheikh Mansur Masood (interim)
5 Jun 1975 - 30 Oct 1978 Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan
(3rd time) (s.a.)
30 Oct 1978 - 1 Feb 1983 Muhammad Hayat Khan
1 Feb 1983 - 1 Oct 1985 Abdul Rahman Khan (2nd time)
1 Oct 1985 - 20 Jul 1991 Sardar Abdul Qayyum Khan
(3rd time) (s.a.)
20 Jul 1991 - 29 Jul 1991 Sahibzada Ishaq Zafar (acting) (b. 1944 - d. 2006)
29 Jul 1991 - 12 Aug 1991 Abdul Rashid Abbasi (1st time)
(acting)
12 Aug 1991 - 12 May 1996 Sardar Sikandar Hayat Khan
(1st time) (b. 1934 - d. 2021)
12 May 1996 - 23 May 1996 Abdul Rashid Abbasi (2nd time)
(acting)
23 May 1996 - 12 Aug 1996 Sardar Sikandar Hayat Khan
(2nd time) (s.a.)
12 Aug 1996 - 25 Aug 1996 Raja Mumtaz Hussain Rathore (b. 1943 - d. 1999)
(acting)
25 Aug 1996 - 25 Aug 2001 Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan
(4th time) (s.a.)
25 Aug 2001 - 25 Aug 2006 Sardar Muhammad Anwar Khan (b. 1945)
25 Aug 2006 - 25 Aug 2011 Raja Zulqarnain Khan (b. 1936)
25 Aug 2011 - 25 Aug 2016 Sardar Muhammad Yaqoob Khan (b. 1953)
25 Aug 2016 - 25 Aug 2021 Sardar Muhammad Masood Khan
25 Aug 2021 - Sultan Mahmood Chaudhry
Prime ministers
Jun 1975 - Aug 1977 Abdul Hamid Khan
Aug 1977 - Oct 1978 Abdul Rahman Khan (acting)
17 Jun 1985 - 29 Jun 1990 Sardar Sikandar Hayat Khan
(1st time) (s.a.)
29 Jun 1990 - 5 Jul 1991 Raja Mumtaz Hussain Rathore (s.a.)
5 Jul 1991 - 29 Jul 1991 Sardar Muhammad Ashraf (acting)
29 Jul 1991 - 31 Jul 1996 Sardar Abdul Qayyum Khan (s.a.)
31 Jul 1996 - 25 Jul 2001 Sultan Mahmood Chaudhry
25 Jul 2001 - 24 Jul 2006 Sardar Sikandar Hayat Khan
(2nd time) (s.a.)
24 Jul 2006 - 6 Jan 2009 Sardar Attique Ahmed Khan
(1st time) (b. 1955)
6 Jan 2009 - 22 Oct 2009 Sardar Muhammad Yaqoob Khan (s.a.)
22 Oct 2009 - 29 Jul 2010 Raja Farooq Haider (1st time) (b. 1955)
29 Jul 2010 - 26 Jul 2011 Sardar Attique Ahmed Khan
(2nd time) (s.a.)
26 Jul 2011 - 31 Jul 2016 Chaudhry Abdul Majeed (b. 1946)
31 Jul 2016 - 4 Aug 2021 Raja Farooq Haider (2nd time) (s.a.)
4 Aug 2021 - 18 Apr 2022 Sardar Abdul Qayyum Khan Niazi (b. 1959)
18 Apr 2022 - Sardar Tanveer Ilyas
Baltistan
12.. sBal-ti (a Western Tibetan kingdom) founded
May 1840 Baltistan becomes subject to Jammu, later Jammu and
Kashmir
Kings (title rGyal-po)
... - ... `Ali Shir Shah
... - 1841 Ahmad Shah
1841 - ... Mahmud Shah
... - ... `Ali Shah
... - ... Shah `Abbas