SG11 J!e,!-..~ds~ 2000/08/07 CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 Approved For SG11 lowr-.!-Confe'r',ence. on parar%syc~ioio~ By Paul Wohl of the French party's central cybirneties. onetime memDer committee. Special to The Christian Science Monitor - Louis Althusser.- I - I , . . I - I LMo!~er -rampart of Soviet conservatism has fallen. ~he Yet only last yiar Edi~ard K. Na'umov, the best-known .- ol tne-.Tu~ro Soviet-psychic researcher, disappeared in disgrace and ex- way us, psychoanal7s-1s, ana parapsychology a lopger are taboo in the Soviet Union.'. periments in psychokinctics; were hSlted. The correspondent of the Los Angeles Times, Robert C. Toth, was arrested and a A large international conference on psychic phenomena has 25-page memorandum on Soviet experiments in the field,. been called by thekeorgian Academy of S iences for Septern. wr, 197L which he had received from a Soviet biologist. confiscated. 7-5-out a hundred' specia lists from the United States, France,* Once again parapsychology was branded as, Panti-socialist, Britain, West Geirmany,-and Austria have been In. - -idealistic fiction," a description given. it in the 1956 edition ~f .:led. Their list reads like a select.Who's Who of Freudian and the Soviet encyclopedia. Now, ]Xe CyMm-etics, which under. Stalin 'and in the imme- diate post-Stahn era was denounced as a bourgeois fraud. psy- Analysis. -chic research seems to have -been salvaged by the realistic- 1 minded Soviet military. ------------------ Jungian psychoanalysis, *which the. Soviets until recently c?n'-'J..~For, many years the. Soviet military has made expe n rime ts -'emned as "Jewish psychology't.and an attempt at "polii ing I with thought control and related c th phenomena which did ot fit n r,f the soul." -fi-Iffe TO ---- T-Ur pmtly Ulu L gM-rv-an-Va_vTo_v 4k161~M-WO ~e-in Bungs o ~e--Ru~s= siolu van a ov, 'Some 60 Westerners are reported t6 have accepted the In as- M615-n-ly-ps-ychological. -itation. Among them, the dissident 'French Communist-and theory recognized by the official ideology. as In the case of the havii was undL a an institute of strategic psychi Institute, of Leningrad, which bt in M West-through its force rchopathic dissidents, has an ii stitute of forensic psychiatry which studies the subdo-nis-cibus. After it had been reported that the U.S. Navy had e). penTented with thought transmission and psychokinesis'. Kon somolskaya Pravda publish *ed an article in 1966 about two e- periments in thought transmission between Moscow and di tant Novosibibirsk. , The following y,,ear Mr. Na'umo~ obtained the authorizatic to convene an international gathering of paLra psychologists Moscow Little came of it, however. Mr. Na'umov's activifit twere increasingly restricted. In 1974 he wa' s sentenced to tv years of forced labor. His eclipse did not last long. In a letter from Moscow dated Dec. 6, 1974, he informi Western associates that he "was going to continue [his] r. search activities. . Any new idea demands a lot of effort be pushed throuih." 1' ' 'v' e"ons' ow at last Mr. Na'um2v's efforts have, obtained a modicu a Na um ow '" s' ''r of reco on- of recognition. Although it is unlikely that Mr. Na'umov will Al hugh I" I's unlikely allowed to attend the seminar on problems of the subconscio allowed to ttend he sem a t inar on Prot Tbilisi - the Ict th ta in Tbilisi, the fact that- an international gathering has bet in a a ninternatl called by the Academy of Sciences of Georgia is proof that t! f Sciences of called by th~ Academy 0 Soviets attribute importance to the subconscious and seek Sov attribute im an port ce to the 5 F~et.s_~, Ir a wittat of coordinate their research with that of the West. coo te the rese rch hh Ap~ro~terd'For Relea§e.2000/08107 CIA-RDP96MUM000500280C L 100~7 F VVII~U F-Or 20AQ(A§/P7a;Q4~PR PArQQ7§PkQ_0_0 0 No OXT' etecte Which Occurred only under relaxed condi- tions. in ESP study N lbsts of psychic heating (laying oil of ~,_Z hands) involved attempts to detect EM Extrasensory phenomena may repre- sent nothing more than a bag of conjurer's tricks, but attempts to explain such phenomena can turn into a bag of worms. As soon as scientists and magician con- sultants explain away some alleged psy- chic phenomenon, another one appears. E. Balanovski and J.G. Taylor of King's Col- lege, London, take a different approach, Instead of trying to explain what t:sr, is, they attempt to show what it is not. They have deduced that electromagnetic (EM) radiation "is the only known force that could conceivably be involved," and after three years of testing they report in the Nov. 2 NAfURE "no abnormal EM signals during the occurrence of supposed ESP phenomena." Attempts to link EM and ESP go back at least 45 years, but Balanovski and Taylor say that. the various tests were uncon- firmed, lacking in statistical significance or excluded some portion of the EM spec- trum. For their own work they used 14 types of EM detectors, covering a wide range of frequencies, together with two videotape cameras, one to keep a con- tinuous record of subjects' performances, the other to record the readouts of the detectors. Five phenomena were investigated: psychokinesis (movement of objects without physical contact), metal bending, psychic healing, dowsing and telepathy In all tests, all subjects always claimed to be in a good psychic state. One test of psychokinesis involved at- tempts to rotate a needle suspended from a thread inside a clear cylinder. Subjects were allowed to move their hands and wrists back and forth around the cylinder about 5 cm from it. In 12 sessions the sub- jects produced a 60' average rotation of the needle, but when an antistatic oint- merit was rubbed oil the cylinder the phenomenon vanished, indicating, say the researchers, "that the effect was due to charge induced oil the needle from the outside surface of the cylinder." Videotape analysis showed the subjects inadver- tently touching the cylinder, and further tests showed that the amount of rotation was correlated to the 1111OLint of charge oil the surface of the cylinder. Other investi- oations of alleged psychokinesis were similarly explained, and no abnormal EM radiation was found to be involved. Tile metal benders (68 subjects, 268 trials) were unable to perform their niagic while the video machines were on, but when they performed under less rigid conditions "they sometimes were appar- ently successful." Metal bending occurred (paperclips, spoons, and SO Oll), but no unusual IM emissions from the subjects' bodies were detected over the entire spec- truni. Therefore, say ill(, researchers, FM coining from the "healer" as well as "pa- tients"' ability to detect EM radiation. Re- sults were negative on both counts. Tile researchers conclude that faith healing call be explained bya "purely (albeit com- plex) psychological effect of the healer oil the patient." Dowsing (a sudden flicking of a rod or rotation of a pendl.111.1111 when the dowser ling reaches a place where an object be dowsed is supposedly located) was ex- plained as "muscular twitches brought about by subconscious mental acLivjty.11 Tile EM radiation ernitted was1lie same as background levels observed before and after each dowsing session. All attempts at telepathy (mind reading) were unsuccessful, and no EM signals other than background were observed. In conclusion: Faith healing , psychokinesis and dowsing were ex- plained in normal scientific terms, tele- pattly was not demonstrated and metal bending was not observed tinder con- trolled conditions. And throughout the experimentation there was a consistent lack of any unusual type of EM radiation. F1 HEAO-2 launched The first High Energy Astronomy Ob- servatory satellite, HEAO-1, was sent aloft oil Aug. 12, 1977, to search the sky for the X-ray sources that comprise one of the newest branches of astronomy. Still at work, it is believed by flow to have catalogued as many as 1,500. This week, oil Nov 13, HF.AO-2 was launched to take de- tailed looks at the targets its predecessor found.The 3,150-kilogram satellite, 5.8 file- ters long, consists of a central telescope with five instruments Inounted around it to take wide-angle or high-resOlUtiOn im- ages and to nicasure broad-band spectra or individual spectral lilies. While HEAO-l tumbles slowly end over end (at about two Sur- revolutions per hour) in orbit for its veying mission, HEAO..2 call be aimed at selected targets to position its telescope, which has a resolution of I to *2 seconds of arc. fit 1979, NASA Plans to laUnCll I 1EAO-3 last in the series, to survey cosmic-ray and gamma-ray sources, and the agency hopes later to fly art aimable ganinia-ray obscr- vatorV satellite. NOVIMBI ')~*Wkd For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROOC50028,)000,5-4 Give a child you love 0 a sunrise. Zz- Now, at the dawn of his or her learning life, add the experience of Fit. I HC III LIC I ITS F0H Cit ILDR1,;N .ry' inagazi the develop- trient. of a young mind. Eleven thries a year, children 2 to 12 can. look forward to stories, articles, crafts, puzzles and garnes. . . all created to lie, part of the learning adventure of a child you love.. I rate valid to 12/25/78: 1 vear 711 issues), $11.95 + lodleopy po'stage & I handling ($1.10) -- $13.05. (Postage & I lipridling: Canada, 2N/vol)y~ other For- eign, 3011colly.) ®R I 44ighlights flo, Chlidion 2300 W. 5th Ave., P.O. Box 269, Columbus, Ohio 43216 Plettee send 1111311LIGTITS no My gift to: child name (I;) 4-nd address aat-,--W&7t- --Zip- Sign gift card "Frorn 11 NSZN I ao. ~ou7cR~ siati-- $-.. --enclosed E] I 3i11 me (no need to pay till Jan. 1) L_: - TT-T 0 NDZ 45 - - - - - - - - - Mystery Electronic Tuap Greatest N A Look into the Future! Gadget , Spins for days on Invisible Power p in YaaW'i~'_ unique Christmas Gift What Makes It Go Oa and 01, and On at 2500 r,p ra, with no apparent o.,gy stitacri, RAF FILING BRAIN BUSTER that BUGS the BRIGHTEST, Damo striated at science fair$ aa can vanti.ris, f he hti)he, their 10 ~d. . rrp. ~7-- - - Handsome the more puzzled they n., Gift Box Perpetual Motion solyrid at lost? Box I Theutinsw r,to UFO & Flying Saucer? Let the whiz kids examine i, startei, stop it or what ever. Psychic Power? Anti Gravity? Scientific Br"kthru from Space? You'll laugh at some explanations. Magic, Mystery & Science combined, Keep, slan.ing WITHOUT ANY APPARENT ENERGY LOSSI Fascinating fun at parties, science classes, etc. Carry in pocket ready to fool and entertain friends & wise. Never wears out. Spins for days on Invitiffil. Wk.ts'. guayw3or that you can defy anyone to Sea. Understand of Eliplai"I Beaulifully made with plastic base and sauera shaped spinner, Patented. Complete with $octet scientific expl,ination. Orders ishipto d same day received. Unlimited Money Back Giarinsmo.. Sero'chock samerury onderlo, $7,95 each. Add $1.00 Oipping & liandl no. Save, Get 3 for $22.65 postpaid; 6 for $43,00 post- field. Mesta, Charge or BankAmericard IVI.&I accepted by naal or phaae. Give card number & expirittion. Ph-: 13131791 2800, Jolinaon Smith Co., 35675 Automation Ur. EPT 23,Mt. Clemens, Mich. 48043 64 Approved For Release 2000/08/07: CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 Nature Vot. 276 2 November 1978 in,juding grain flows and turbidity currents, and entrained to 1110IT distal sectors of tile hasin that Ille pebble-rich Sediment. Other Ixamples of pebble-rich deposits prograding above finer-grained, deep-water units on basin mar-gins are recognised in the Carpathians (see Kamenica zone of Czechoslovakia dis- cussed by Marschalko 17). Most of the world's mobile belts, 13.21 including tile Allis", Apennines", Ouachitas", Andes Appalachians", Californi '121,21 , and New Zealand", also dis- play resedimented mass-emplaced conglomeratic series that were deposited on slopes and in some cases displaced to lower gradient base-of-slope, including fan arid basin plain, environ- merits. Possible modern analogues of deep water Bucegi type pebble-rich deposits emplaced by mass-flow processes are noted in canyons 10,24, on broad sectors of the slope", and in basin plains distant from source and coastal SeCtorS26. Our interpretation of the Buccgi requires the rapid evolution of the structural-physiographic configuration and relief of tile emerging hinterland west of the Albanian basin. Thus, the rapid transition from marine turbidite-rich to gravel series does not necessitate a marked change from deep to shallow water basin configuration as implied by tire 2,000 m of conglomerate in the molasse model, but may reflect the importance of a newly developed fluvially-drained source adjoining the submarine margin. Air examination of the pebble and boulder beds similar to the Bucegi that crop out west of the study area such as the younger Cretaceous and Palaeogene series of the Olt, Olanesti, and Vilsan River valleys (Fig. 1c) would be useful in refining the palacogeographic reconstruction of this sector of the Carpa- thians. We thank the US and Romanian National Academies of Sciences for arranging the exchange visits (1973, 1976) in Romania and D. Jipa, N. Millailescu, N. Panin, and M. Sandu- lescu of the Romanian Geological Institute for valuable dis- CLISSions, B.H. thanks the University of Maine summer faculty research fund for support in 1973. The paper was reviewed by B. C. Burchficl, L. R. Contescu, M. A. Hampton and H. G. Reading. DANIEL JEAN STANLEY 2 1. Scott, K. M. A rm Ass. Pefrol. Geol. Bull. 50, 72- 107 (1966). 22. FiNlici, It. V J. Sed. Perrot. 41, 1))6 Q7 (1971) 2 1.1owe, 1). It .1. SM. Pemd, 42, 99 M 1 (1972) 24.Shepard, F. 11. & Dill, It. F. Sulonanne ( unw- and Other S- Volleys 0U~,d M,N-11y. Chicago, 1966). 25. Embicy, R, W. Geology 4, 371-374 (1976). 2& Griggs~ G. B., Kulm. L, D., Waters, A. C & Fowler, G, A. J. Geol. 78,611-619 (1970). Can electromagnetism account for extra-sensory phenomena? telepathy be explained by electromagnetism. A critical review of his work OUR investigations of various alleged extra-sensory phenomena (ESP) over the past three years are reported here, in particular psychokinesis, metal-bending, psychic healing and dowsing. One of our aims was to search for unusual elec- tromagnetic (EM) radiation emitted by subjects while they were achieving or trying to achieve the phenomena. The quest for EM concomitants of ESP is based on our deduction that it is the only known force that could conceivably be involved (ref. 1 and J.G.T. and E. Balanovski, unpublished). In lookingforEM signals emitted by people during alleged ESP events we are therefore testing the reality of the corresponding phenomena. There might be no parancirmal phenomena at all, so that a search for abnormal EM effects would automatically fail. If we assume that the present evidence for ESP is not firm either way, then its FM characteristics arc highly relevant to resolving that problem. If no EM signal were found, this would question the reality of the phenomena whereas suitably strong EM signals would support the claim that E SP effects were occurring. This can be quantified if the sensitivity of subjects to incoming EM radiation is ascer- rained; for example, sensitivity at least down to the levels of any paranormal emission from others would be necessary for tele- pathy to occur. We find no abnormal EM signals (luring the occurrence of supposed ESP phenomena, Earlier work on EM signals related to ESP has been inconclusive. CazzamaW proposed an EM explanation of tele- pathy by means of waves of 10 cm-1 m in wavelength, and lie claimed to have detected such emission. These results were could not never confirmed. VasilieV3 concluded that Division of Sedinientology, Smithsonian Institution, show-, lack of statistical significance in his results, thus leaving Washington, D.C 20560 the EM explanation still open. Various other tests" have been and put forward to contradict the EM explanation of ESP, 6ut they Department of Geological Sciences, all exclude some portion of the EM spectrum. It seemed appro- University of Maine at Orono, priate for us to use suitably sensitive dcte~tors to clarify the Orono, Maine 04473 position of the EM hypothesis in ESP phenomena. We used EM detectors covering a wide range of frequencies BRADFORD A. HALL (Table 1) together with two video-tape cameras, one to keep a continuous record of the subjects' performance and the other to Department of Geological Sciences, keep a permanent record of the visual readout of some of the University of Maine at Orono, Orono,detectors. The EM detectors consisted Maine 04473 of various antennae with amplifiers producing either a visual display or a written record. Received 19 May; accepted 6 SeptemberFor frequencies below 1 MHz both 1979. skin electrodes, usually taped to the palm or the wrist of the subject's hands, and wire I .Patrulius, D., Dimitrescu, R. were used. For frequencies & Gherasi, N. Corte Giologique 28. antennae within I in of the subjects Brasov (Institut G6010- gique, Ilucarest, 1968). , 2, Burclifiel, B. C. & Blealru, M. in the range of I MHz-20 GHz (detectors Geol. Soc. Arn. Sp~ Pap. 158, 1-82 P2) two loop antennae (1976). -3. Mihailescu, N., Panin, N., Jipa,were used", one for frequencies below D. & Contescur, L. Geol. Studies 500 MHz and the other Res. Romanian Acad. Sci. 12,231-236(1967). 4. Conlescu, L. It. Geol. Rdsch. for the upper range. Each antenna 56, 241-262 (1967). was placed against the palm 5. Milrailescu. N. Acia geol. Arod. Of the Subject's hand Scivrit flungaricar 15, 107-205 For the microwave radiometers T2 (1971). and T, o comewu, L, R. Am. Ass. Perrol. . Geol. Bull. $8, 2436 2,176 (1974). horn antennae were used directly F on the subject's body.The two G d 5 xcursion crystal detectors P4 (60-90 GHz and ui 90-140 GHz) had narrow e to 0AC, Romania 7. Patrubus, D., Stefanescu, M,, Pop, E. & Poptsvu, 1. (Int. Geol. Cong. Prague, 1968). 8. Hampton, M. A. 1. Sed. Petrorl. 45, 834--844 (1975). slits which allowed emission for the su6ject's fingertips or palms Q. Chamberlain, T. K~ Papes in Mariogto be measured by direct contact, Geology (ed, Miller, P, L.) 42-64 Background signals above the (Mactuffirin, New York, 1964). 10, Stanley, D. J. Mar. Geol 16, noise levels of the detectors were MI-M8 (1974). picked up in various situations. 11, Davies, 1. C. & Walker, R. G. 1. Sed. Perrot 44, 1200-1216 (1974).In d.c.-1 MHz range (detectors E,, 12. Walker, R. G. Geol, Sor. Arm E2, E3 and P,,) various Bull. 86, 737-784 (1975). 13. Winn, Jr, R. D. & Dott. Jr, R. external signals correlated with H, Geology 5, 41-44 (1977). transient electric field dis- 14, Carter. R. M. & Norris. R. J. sediment. Geol. 18, 289- 319 (1977).turbances produced by passing vehicles l were noted at least 10 h rivironmenta times above the noise level. In the 15. Middleton. 0. V. & Hampton, M. I Mliz-120 G1-lz range (on A, Marine Sediment Transport and Management (eds Stanley, D, J~ & Swift, D. J, P.) 197-218 (Wiley, New York, 1976). 16. Stanley, D. J. & Unrug, R, Recognition ofAncietaSedimentary Environments and T4) no signals above (eds Rigby, J. detectors P1 T3 P3 P4 TI T2 P2 K.&_ I limblia, W. K.) 287-340 (Soc., Econ. Palcont. Mineral. Sri. Publ, , 16, Tulsa. 1972). , , , , , 17, Marschalkii. R. Carpathian Balkannoise levels (of 5 dB) were noted Geor. Assoc. Prov. 10da Congr. 113-122other than various narrow and (P)73). 18. 1 lendry, 11. E. Sedimentolop, assignable TV and radio stations 18, ?77-292 (1972). (with clear and expected shape 19. Ricci Lacchi, F. Giorn. Geol., Ann. Itfuseo Geol. Bologna 36, 1-47 under high resolution Fourier analysis) (1969). and the expected human Petrol Geol Bull 54 20 Shideler G L Am Ass 789-806 (1970) . . . . . . . . , , Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 00'8 4)836/7810276 -4)064$01.00 0(! Macmillan Journals Ltd 1978 4 Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 Nature Vol. 276 2 November 1,978 black body emissions. This was detected (on detectors T'j, T2, 7', and T4) with a noise level of 0.5 K. A similar level of sensitivity occurred for T5 in the infrared range. H, was sensitive to I nT, and T,, responded to a 10 W U V source. The outputs were recorded either oil strip chart recorders, tape recorders or direct photographs of the detector recording screen (oscilloscope, frequency analyser). The resulting records were then examined visually. Only if all abnormal signal had occurred which was above the noise level and not explicable in terms of external interference or natural hurnan body EM emission, would more detailed signal analysis have been justified. Because several detectors were spectrum analysers (see Table 1) we have obtained art upper limit to the power level radiated at various frequencies by a person allegedly performing ESP. We have only investigated integrated power levels, as enough power has to be radiated before a signal can achieve its desired effect, whatever modulation the signal may have. In all tests reported the subjects always claimed that they were in a good 'psychic' state. Thus our measurements can be taken as demonstrating the nature of human EM emission during so-called psychic activity. Despite that, we were unable to detect any abnormal EM emission from any of the subjects involved in the following tests. Psychokinesis is the alleged pherioniction whereby a person is able to achieve movements of objects without physical contact. (1) Needle-rotation (two subjects, two control,,,, 92 trials): a needle was suspended by an extra-fine nylon thread inside a clear perspex cylinder which was clamped Securely to a rigid bench. Movement was achieved by the Subjects moving their hands and wrists back and forth around the cylinder at about 5 cm from it. In each of the 12 sessions the subjects produced a 60o average rotation of the needle, sometimes Lip to 200'. The rotation built up gradually over the first half-hour of each sessions, and consisted of the needle rotating with the position of the Subject's hands near the cylinder. The needle swung back to its equilibrium positions as the subject's hands moved back from the cylinder. Rotation was achieved both by the subjects and the control subjects, We established that a rotation of 50' was produced by a potential of 2 mV with respect to earth at frequencies d.c.- I MI Iz. For up to 60' rotation, measurements on two subjects, by means of skin electrodes (the subjects being earthed) indicated a skin potential of only 0.2 mV. We concluded that the rotation could not be caused by E or H fields from d.c.-1 MI-1z produced by the subject's body. When an anti-static ointment was rubbed over the surface of the cylinder, the whole phenomenon vanished, indicating that the effect was due to charge induced oil the needle front the outer Surface of the 65 cylinder. Analysis of the VTR of the events showed the subjects inadvertently touching the surface of the cylinder in their attempts to move the needle. Further tests showed that the amount of rotation produced was directly correlated to the amount of charge on the outer surface of the cylinder. (2) Rotation of a straw inside a glass dome (one subject, eight trials): a piece of drinking straw cut in a T shape was fixed onto a light plastic disk and placed oil top of a glass of water, full to the brini, enclosed inside a large glass dome (70 cm across). Rota- I ion occurred, Lip to 20' over 7 s, with the subject sitting quietly, not bringing her hands near the dome. No abnormal levels of EM radiation from the subject were detected. After half an hour, a mist developed on the wall of the dome further away from the subject, due to condensation of the water from the glass. This was traced to the heat frorn an electric fire locat6d behind the subject. With the electric fire turned off no rotation occurred. Calculation of the convection current inside the dome with the fire on showed that it was more than sufficient to have caused rotation. (3) Compass-needle rotation (two subjects, 36 trials): rota- tion of a compass-needle occurred when the subjects moved their hands back and forth, at a distance of 5-10 cm from the compass case. EM detection from the subject's body showed no abnormal signals. The amount of rotation was found to decrease with increasing distance between the compass and the subject's body according to the inverse square law. It also decreased when steel sheets were placed between the subject and the compass needle. This indicates an electrostatic origin for the rotation. Metal-bending (68 subjects, 268 trials): claims of trietal- bending can be divided into two groups: (1) contact bending, that is bV stroking; and (2) bending at a distance. Our experiments were carried out under four separate sets of conditions; in all cases remote EM detectors were present. (1) A subject was asked to stroke a piece of metal of a length of up to 15 cm. The strip was securely attached to the top of a GPO balance and could only be touched on its upper surface. A video-tape camera recorded the strip, the finger stroking it and the pressure applied at all times. A clock showing the second hand was also included in the picture to assure continuity. (2) Electromyograph (EMG) sensors were placed on the subject's forearms, and a continuous picture of the dials of both EMG boxes was obtained with the VTR, thus giving a permanent record of the pressure applied by the subject, (3) A room with a one-way viewing system 5'6was used (these tests were done in collaboration with 14. Collins, Bath University); the subjects were informed of the one-way system beforehand, the video- Table I The sensitivity and time constants of the various detectors used in the tests as a function of frequency Resolution Frequency time DetectorDescription of antenna an(] displayrange Sensitivityconstant Used El Skin electrodes or wire antennae d.c. -I MHz 10-4 V Ii.Ls connected to CRT display Cra-1 1"2 Skin electrodes or wire antennae d.c.-I MHz to-2V 1~Ls connected to CRT display cm- 1 1~'3 Electrometer connected to 10 cat d.c.-1 MHz I o-4 Ip's 2 metal piate--20 cill from subject V CM-1 Magnetometer and probe d.c.-I kHz 10--' Inis G 13, Loop antenna and crystal cletector-50d.c.--1,250 I Vcm- Ins cin from subject MHz P, Loop antenna connected to broad 1 MHz-20Gllz to-, V 1ns band frequency analyser ~m` P3 Skin electrodes connected to frequencyd.c.-1,250 10-3 V I~Ls analyser MHz CM-* I P4 Crystal detectors (in contact with subject's hands) connected to microwave detector 60- t 40 G I Vcm- I~Ls Hz, T, Loop antenna connected to microwave1. 4 (if 1z I K 2 s radiometer 7" Horn antenna (contact with body) 15 G14Z 0.5 K 0.5s connected to microwave radiometer 7 Horn antenna (contact with body)connected19 GHz 0.1 K 0.33s to microwave radiometer 7,4 Thermocouple and electronic thermometer3 x 103 -3x 0.1 K I s 105 GHz T_, Ge probe and choppei I m from subject3 x 103 -3 0.5 K I s (IR detector) x 10' GHz T, UV deiector 0.2-0.35 ~dlz 0.1 s The ivities were obtained directly by s, and were signals sensitcalibration using known external evaluated about source for 2 s.d. above the noise 10\T1.me constants were as specified by The the mantifilCtUrers. No detector ti was used at a distance greater thbil lelArom the subject. Approved For Release 2000/08/07 00787RO - : CIA-RDP96- Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 66 Nature Vol. 276 2 Novernber 1978 tape camera was placed on one side of the one-way mirror, while the subject sat on the other side and attempted bending. The GPO balance or the EMCYs were used together with this set-up. (4) A more relaxed environment in which neither EMGs nor VTR were used was the only condition in which success was claimed. Background levels were measured on all the detectors (El, E3, 111, Pt, P4, Tj) before and after tests and were as expected in the various environments. No signals above background were observed at any time in the whole frequency range d.c.--y rays. In the lower frequency end of the spectruniabout 180 trials were made with each detector, only 15 or so trials were eff ected at the higher frequencies. No metal bending at all was obtained under the stricter protocols (I ), (2), or (3) but only under the more relaxed environment of (4). This might be related to the psychological stress presented by the more restrictive regimes, as some of the subjects remarked. We gave them the benefit of the doubt and tested them also in their more accustomed setting, where they sometimes were apparently successful, We still obtained no EM signal, although at certain times in the more relaxed conditions (4) metal bending occurred (of paperclips, spoons, prepared strips and so on). Each of these successes took several seconds to ininUtCS to occur. Attempts were made to cause bending of a strip of nictal or plastic, by feeding EM energy into the strip. A Paradynarnics 10 GHz X-band microwave source was used (50 JoW peak power, 0.6 or 2.1 I.Ls pulse, variable p.r.f. with external modula- tion). Strips of various metals, plastic and various crystals were irradiated, and vibration of the specimens was observed at the modulation frequency in agreement with surface acoustic wave generation"-"'. Strips of At (length 63.4 cm), Cu (length 39.8 cni) and brass (length 51.6 cni) cut to these lengths appro- priate to the internal modulation, showed resonance effects (at 1-3 KHz) when inserted in the waveguide of the X-band source. Although energy was thus absorbed in the strips, no bending ever occurred. 'rhe results show that no Unusual EM emission from the subject's body was observed over the entire spectrum. If there had been low frequency signals they could not account for the phenomenon as first, their focusing power is very poor, second, the energy transfer is inefficient, and third, the signal levels observed are too low by a factor of about 10' to explain the effect. Tbc best candidate would be the microwave range I- 5 GlIz; at these frequencies the focusing power is good and the energy transfer can be efficient for the generation. of surface acoustic waves as the skin depth in metals at these frequencies is negligible. But no microwave emission higher than the black- body radiation at tire human body temperature was ever detec- ted. Microwave radiation emitted by the body corresponds to a power level of 10- " W. Therefore, F M radiation cannot explain tire above-mentioned metal-bending cases which only occurred in tire relaxed conditions (4). Psychic healing (six subjects, > 12 trials for each detector): by 'psychic healing' we only inean 'laying on of hands' and not the more dubious psychic 'surgery. Healers Claim Cures Of terminal cancer and other illnesses apparently inaccessible to standard medical practice. Sensations of heat and cold are said to occur during laying-on of hands. Such sensations have been claimed both by the licaler and by the patient. No unusual EM radiation was observed in the range d.c.- 140 GlIz during 'healing'. The protocol was to attempt detec- lion of enhanced EM levels fron) the subjects both when the patient was present and when being allegedly healcol at a distance. Two video-tapc cameras were also used. Detector T, was used as a broad-band infrared detector both for emission and sensitivity of the body to this radiation. This allowed us to investigate whether the sensations of cold or heat experienced by the healer or the patient could be correlated to actual decrease or increase of surface skin temperature in the subjects. The procedure was to measure the temperature of the healer's cold) the patient was undergoing, and what the healer was attempting (heat or cold). At no time were the temperature readings indicated to the healer Or to the patient. The sequences recorded (typically over t0-20 min) show that the healers had no clear control over the temperature of their hands. Nor were the patient's sensations in any way correlated with surface skin temperature. These sensations cannot be accounted for by subcutaneous heating, as this would involve radiation transfer in the MW or RF ranges; neither was ever observed. 'rests on human sensitivity to low levels of EM radiation (five subjects, two controls): a subject was seated in a room with either a loop antenna (lowcrfrequency range)or a horn antenna (higher range) placed 50 cni from him. 'rhe source was in an adjoining room to avoid visual or auditory cueing, conscious or unconscious. Tire sources used were a tuneable RIF source in the range 220-9.50 MHz with a power output of I mW and a turicable MW source (both pulsed and CW) in the range 6- 17 GHz with a power level of 5 rnW. The switching on or off of the source was randoniised by tossing a coin. The level of success according to chance was therefore 0.5. The subject was then asked to attempt to sense the source being on or off, The results showed that both control and test subjects achieved results not significantly different from chance. This insensitivity to low level EM radiation did not warrant further trials. Dowsing: we investigated two dowsers for the possibility of EM emission where the 'dowsing reaction' occurred and for their sensitivity to EM radiation (active and passive radar-like type of mechanism).This'dowsing reaction'is a sudden 'flicking' (tip or down) of the rod or rotation of the pendulum when the dowser reaches a certain place at which the object being dowsed for is supposedly located, During a positive dowsing reaction the EM radiation emitted by either subject from I MHz to 22.4 GI Iz was no differcrit from background levels measured in the detectors before starting or finishing each session. Telepathy-distant -viewing: telepathy can be defined as the ability of a subject to perceive another subject's thoughts. It involves the transmission of information between a sender and a receiver in a non-verbal fashion, We only investigated integrated power levels, as enough power has to be radiated before a signal can achieve its desired effect, whatever modula- tion tire signal may have. We investigated three subjects who claimed telepathic abilities and one who claimed distant-viewing abilities, in which a subject is supposed to describe accurately a remote site without his being physically there. No EM signals other than background noise were observed on E,, E, and H3. Nor did the tests show evidence of the subjects being successful in telepathic transmissions. I We have tried to detect EM signals emitted by people, and in particular the Fourier spectrum of such signals, to test the reality of ESP phenomena. In particular, we have investigated many different subjects attempting to achieve ESP phenomena, but have failed to detect any unusual EM radiation. The absence of effects on UV detectors or photographic films completed the study of the higher range of the electromagnetic spectrum. We also investigated human sensitivity to low levels of EM radiation over a restricted range of frequencies and found no indication of humans being sensitive to those EM fields. Dowsers, who claimed sensitivity to magnetic fields, down to 10-5 G, werealso tested and found insensitive to the presence of 100 G. It is possible to conceive transmission of EM energy from one person to another or of emission by one person in a manner undetectable by the apparatus we have used. This would have been so if very brief pulses of EM energy were used in such signalling with times less than the response time of the cor- responding apparatus at the frequency used. There are no known mechanisms in the body able to produce such signals at the power levels required to produce the effects. We have also found that hunians are insensitive to low levels of EM. A possible mechanism for such signalling is therefore clearly ruled t L)rJftbVdJstdant-viewing and psychic healing. The EM hands as aAJ*V'ft6f1iF&F"9146 v~`bdyd ' !I-rA0_hDPft UU TR 50 280005-4 U0 Off -(; Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 Nature Vol. 276 2 November 1978 levels emitted to achieve metal bending (in the microwave range to achieve the dcsired focusing) are joules', and there is no known mechanism in the body toachieve a peak power output of GW; it is difficult to suppose that this would be possible without severe tissue damage. We can distinguish four different categories of effects from our investigations: (1) the effect occurred but it could be explained in normal scientific terms (psychokinesis); (2) the effcct occurred and could have been paranormal (dowsing, faith healing); (3) the effect occurred in less than perfect conditions (some metal bending trials); (4) the effect did not occur (other metal bending trials, telepathy, distant-viewing). The consistent absence of any unusual EM radiations associated with phenomena in all the above categories, in which all the subjects always claimed to be in a good psychic state, causes us to question tile paranornial nature of those in categories (2) and (3), because we contend' that EM is the only known force that could have been involved in the phenomenon. We therefore conclude that phenomena of category (2) have their natural explanation, dowsing as muscular twitches brought about by subconscious mental activity, faith healing as the purely (albeit complex) psychological effect of the healer on the patient; in particular, metal bending does not come into this category (category (2)) in the cases we have investigated. We thank the Sedwood Trust for financial Support, all our subjects for their patience, and many colleagues for the loan of the equiprient. 67 butchered by early horninids. Further archaeological investiga- tions, to be carried out in the near future, should elucidate the nature of this association in more detail (W. Singleton, P. Larson, 11 Mosca, F. Werldorf, unpublished). The palacon- tological and archaeological evidence is consistent with a Middle Pleistocene (0.7-0.125 Myr BP) age for the hominid-bearing deposits Q.E.K. et al., unpublished). The specimen was discovered after weathering out of the surface of the Upper Bodo sand unit. This consists of 5.5- 6.0 Ill of horizontal grey conglomerate and sand and contains many mammalian fossils and artefacts. Virtually all the artef;icts are made from basalt. Two large pieces of the facial skeleton were found I I ni apart by Alcmcyehu Asfaw, P. Whitehead and C. Wood. The first piece to be discovered consisted of the lower part of the facial skeleton. This fragment had been broken from the upper face along a line running across the middle of the left orbit and through tile nasion. It included the facial skeleton below the midpoint of the orbits, together with most of tile palate. The second fragment included the upper half of the left orbit, most of the right orbit, the anterior part of the frontal bone, and the basicraniurn from the pterygomaxillary fissure to the basion. As the fit of these two pieces along the line of breakage is perfect, there is no doubt as to the proper alignment of the face and the cranial vault. Forty-six smaller skull fragments were collected from the area immediately surrounding the two major fragments in 1976 and a further 30 pieces were found bv sieving the area in 1978. Of this total, 41 were sunsequently piecea togettier and tittea to the E. BALANOVSKI fucial-frontal fragment. All fragments are in direct contact with each other and thus we have little doubt that the shape of the J. G. TAYLOR reconstructed cranium accurately reflects the true contours of Department of Mathematics, the cranial vault. King's College, London WC2, 11K The specimen consists of an almost complete face and partial neurocraniurn and includes most of the frontal bone, both nasal bones, the left zygornatie bone except for the temporal process, Received I I May 1977: acvepted 20 the left inaxilla and part of the June 1978. right maxilla, the sphenoid bone and portions of the left temporal bone, left and right parietal i. -ravlor. J. G, Superntinds (Macinillan,bones, and occipital of tile right London, 1975). side, The orbits, the nasal cavity, 2, Cazzatnali, F. G~ Psichial. Neural.the anterior part of the endocranial 1, 1 (1933) and refs therein. cavity and part of the cranial 3. Vsiliiev, L. L. Experiments in Distant [nfluence (ed. Gregory. base are still encrusted with a A.) (Wildwood House, hard matrix of sandy micro- London 1976) . conglomerate. Many of tile more , delicate bones such as the 4. Putholf, N. & Targ, R. Narare 252,602-607 (1974). s. Collins, It. & Parnplin, B Nature 257,8 (1975). lacrimals, ethmoids and lesser wing 6. Faylor, J. G. Nature 254,472 (1975).of the sphenoid are present 7, Foander, B. & I.fatoD, K. Researchwithin tile matrix (Figs 2-4). Reports Trita-Tet 7.50.1r, 7506.7701, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 1976 and 1977). Much of the basicraniurn anterior to the basion is present, 8r While, R, A J appl. Phvs. 34,3559-3567including the left mandibular fossa (1963). and articular eminence, the 9. Foster, K. R. & Finch, F. D. science 185, 256-258, (t974), to. Lin, 1. C. .1-irm.,ave Po~. 11, basioccipital and the petrous portion 295-298 (1976). of the temporal bone. Foramina for tile mandibular division of the trigerninal nerve foramen ovale), the middle rneningeal artery (foramen spinosum) and the internal carotid artery (carotid canal) are visible. About two-thirds of the palate is preserved and the Newly discovered fossil roots or alveoli of all the maxillary dentition, except for p4__M3 hotninid skull front on the right side, are present but no crowns of teeth are preserved, Posterior to ihe right fourth premolar the maxilla the Afar depression, Ethiopia has been broken away revealing a large, matrix-filled maxillary sinus. The skull is large and ruggedly built and the face is notably DURING a palacontological, archaeologicallarge and robust. The nasal root and geological is broad, the supraorbital ridges survey in the Awash River Valley, are thick and the zygomatic bone Fthiopia, members of the Rift is deep and heavily con- Valley Research Mission in Ethiopia structed. The supraorbital ridges (RVRME) recovered are arched and separated by a much of the facial skeleton and neurocraniurnprominent glabellar region, rather of an early than forming a continuous honiinid. The specimen, which we bony shelf; they are approximately describe here, is one of the 17-18 nim thick at the best preserved and most complete midpoint of the orbital rim, thicker of its kind yet discovered in -than the average for tile Africa and is unique, in its close Choukoutien 11oino erectus sample association with stone tools. (15.5 mm) and at the high The site of tile discovery, Bodo end of the range for Javan Homo D'Ar, is situated in north- erectus and the Solo skulls' ', western Hararghe Province (Fig. 1). but somewhat less than the Broken Horninid material was first Hill specimen (about cliscovered at the site in autumn 21 mm). The total breadth across 1976. Field work completed by the supraorbital torus March 1978 has produced abundant (139 min) is greater than that of faurial and archaeological any of the Javan fossils (11.0- material associated with the horninid126 min), being more comparable specimen. The fauna and to that of the Broken Hill associated artefacts are derived specimen (141 min). The interorbital from layer B of the Upper Bodo breadth at the maxillo- Beds (J.E.K. et (.11., unpublished).frontale is great (34.5 min) and Tile presence of many hippo- the piriform aperture broad and potanius remains, including several low. The nasals are moderately prominent skeletons, associated with in norma lateralis. stone tools, suggests that this was being comparable to those of the a site at which carcasses were Broken Hill specinien. Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 1)028-4)83(,/78/0276--0067$01.00 0c Macmillan Journals Ltd 1978 S-G-tr-l SecretveRinsiaff /ohlittro Mental Telepathy Does Exist Top Soviet scientists have proven beyond claim they a doubt that mental telepathy exists. A startling secret report and photographs smuggled out of Russia -by ENQUIRER editors docu- ment the incredible break- thr u h d i f i ti o an ve asc na ng g g details of the experiments that led the researchers to E their conclusion. 0 Western experts - told about'~~!.... the experiments - hailed them as "astonishing," "sensational" I and "startling." A They also concluded that the AFTER DEATH rat's Russians may be wellbrain waves show on their no activity (left), but show graphic disturbances ' (right) when a psychic s brain. 0"",way to communicat directs thoughts ing tole- at the dead animal pliatically with duetki at the Researchlaboratory 15 minutesconsidered a cosmonatits in Instituto after the niflitary secret," space. And they warnedof Psyclio-Nourologyrat's brain activitand added, "it that if at Khar- y has ceased is essential that the Soviets master kov University in altogether - evidenceyour. scientists telepathic the Soviet Un- that a learn about our communication, it ion. The researcherscreature is clinicallyexperiments and could be attached dead. draw their used for military each rat's biain When a psychic directedcolic] usio lis. Purposes. to electrodes his " "This research is fro", all electroencephalographthoughts and eniotionsEven the report startling - at the itself dra- this is a whole now (EEG), a machine dead rat, tlie.EEG iiiatically concludes: range of that records recorded re- "The re- experiments," declaredbrain wave activity,newed electrical searchers believe Dr. . activity in the that their dis- E ' h l I John Gschwendtiler, ac rat covery will have professor aced s brain, according important ap- n a to the as- rat was p of physics at Dowlingchamber screened tounding Soviet plications in College in off to pre- report. space flight com- Oakdale, N.Y. vent any type . Naumov detailed munications," of outside ill- one of the Dr. Gerry Cupchik, terference, includingexperiments. I"hysics professor professor electrical. Gschwen- of psychology at Then-the rat was "Within one minute dtner warned: Scarborough killed. of the "If a nation were College, University A psychic would psychic trying to to master the of Toronto, enter the direct his enio- use of telepathy, " marveled: tions at the rat, there could be It has sensational the rat's brain many applica- " implications. showed a response tions. It could oil the EEG, be used to solid In experiments carriedIle laughed and supersecret messages out the rat's brain to bat- between reacted. Then the flefield comni~ 1975 psychic did inders instant- and 1977, Russian :2 researchers mental arithmetic 1y. killed and the rat's rats with drugs. -rell Then, br, Dr. Ernest flat with ain again reacted. a psy- electrodes oil to "The dead rat registered , para- the re- chologist who rats' lectures in brains, they re- cordeff action to the psychic's psychology at exas brain ernotions North T activity A- stiniu- W- lated whell .1 psychic projected for three minutes. State University, thoughts All the while, added: at " the dead animal there was no physical The Russians , response do a lot of tele- "There is oin t e rat." athic research no Ir h and it's ex- doubt p, that the The report on the troniely likely emotions experiment that they are of at- the psychic were i d l hi carr e te ublished in RLISSia empting to make epat for Offi- cosmonaut cally to the . 41 brain cial use only - contact, The ofthe were obtained implications dead are rat," declared leading by The ENQUIRER obviously huge," Soviet on the con- parapsychologist EdUard Naumov, dition that the And Dr. James who source not be re- C. Logan, a analyzed the vealed because lie psychologist secret feared re- who lectures report in that The EN- QUIRER taliation froin parapsychology had the KGB, the So- at Rockliurst obtained from an- -other viet secret police College, in Kansas source agency. City en- Mo. 471 , lis SOVIET EXPERT Eduar , is The source said thused: "Those proof lie believed (scientists) that fit telepath- ,-.~,lc Naumov: "This proves Russia are very communication tele- the free sophisticated, has world should know been I " W,~: pathic communication It's astounding!" achieved. h0s about the secret . experiments. The been achieved." WILLIAM DICK experiments Ile said they could & HENRY GRIS were "surely be con- 1 MOO nA 4% r 1A V PRIHTOLIT of brain waves of a live'rat, Approved For Release 2000/08/07 CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 transmissio~,i is used. It is sufficie to press a button, and an electric motor ddJusts the driver's seat to make it more comfortable for him., There are special safety devices. The reliability of the brake system is insured by two independent lines, each of which acts simultaneously to brake the front wheels and one of the rear. A warning light signals the failure of a line. (A photograph is given showing the 6AZ-14 "Chayka".) Author: Sergeyev, G., Doctor of Technical Sciences effect. Althoughthe energy of magnetic eddies is'__(j_u_ite weak, the author llro*s-serves-that this ene~~ca~ be a-id-of modern radio devlces.~ Tn'addit n to applications in psychoenergetic studies, the author notes that the bioplasmograph is also very sensitive to gravitational anoma- lies and is therefore useful to geolo- gists. It can also be used as a stimulator for heart functions, because it enters into resonance with heart biorhythms. By carrying a cholestery- lacetate plate in a pocket, it is said that a person can sustain active heart functions. Title: BIOPLASMOGRAPH INSTRUMENT FOR SITUDIES IN PSYCHOENERGETICS Primary source: vkiwskmdwyesv~ September 4- 10, 1978, No. 36 (9,64), p. 12, cols. 1-2 Abstract: The author responds to a question submitted by a reader asking if an instrument exists which can determine whether a person possesses an electrical potential, or 'biofield. The author begins his response with a description of a unique capability lie has witnessed in some individuals to mentally create a 'spatial tunnel effect,' which he says is analogous to electromagnetic phenomena in radio engineering. He relates examples of this capability which he has observed. In one, it is claimed that a woman mentally projected geometric figures with photographic paper wrapped around her head, and the figures appeared on the paper when it was subsequently developed. The author reports that increased biofield 'intensity and magnetic eddies can be detected around such individ- uals, and they can be registered by a special instrument called a bio- plasmograph. The primary feature of this-insLrumentis said to be a solid fl-712 maut! of organic substZNce MM'Mining choiesterylacetate, a c i7s- 'al i q u pov7d-ery su7stance which id crysraj-. rhis substance is said--to B-p-extremely sensitive to changes in its environment, registering very weak interactions of any fields, and also magnetic eddies. The author notes that magnetic edS-1e-s__p_o_`s`7ess real--kinetic energy, and th=,they can De caused Gy inMv=uals who can ment y - hrHM-Ned -Mr W&g~26WNA07 : C (continued next column) Title: INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON INSTRUMENT BUILDING FOR SPACE RESEARC Primary source: Sovetskaya Kirgiziya, September 2, 1978, No. 203 (15178), p. 1, cols. 4-6 Extract: The second international seminar of socialist countries, "Scientific space instrument building", opened on September 1, in Frunze. it was organized by the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Council on International Cooperation in the Area of the Research and Use of Outer Space "Interkosmos", and the Institute of Space Research. Scientists and specialists from Bulgaria, Hungary, East Germany, Poland, the USSR and Czechoslovakia are taking part in the work of th 'e forum. More than 100 papers and reports will be heart on methods and principles~ -for developing scientific instruments, methods and means for scientific exper- iments on spacecraft, and others. The seminar will last six days. Author: Talyzin, N. V., USSR Minister of Communications Title: THE NATIONWIDE DATA TRANSMISSION SYSTEM Primary source: Ekonomicheskaya gazeta, September, 1978, No. 36, p. 7, cols. 1-4 Abstract: The article continues a series based on materials of the second all-Union conference on use of computers and computerized systems. The author gives a lengthy di'scussion of the organization )f the Nationwide Data Transmission System (OGSPD),* which *See also the Daily SNAP, June 29, 1978, p. 3, col. I (continued next page) ved For Reldape 200010'8/0*7' -RDP96-O.O7Z7ROO05-00280005~-4..,-~-''',-'' M Y! When one 01 Perceived a ebarac- 10 Im-'%L, Mar. Z "M Min" ter through the method. the other to touch her sister. to find,-_ CHISHOL~N only 1.'k, t what the paper said. c4afinew ftemi ft F orecas &P Mina .-#Scientists; f The Is told scientists'that the through Oklahoma pass close to I colors of the objects. and shapes documented Chisholm route and they did not'see with their,,' confused in various Accatints of I U les wide simply appeared in their minds. ig' ESP- St d eyes, Be Future. 'n. famous path's origin. B~G' .. -(Ul)-Chinese scien. Some could identify colors Of I The report said both girls suffered But Moran says he knows the i tists have been baffled by studies of of paper hidden in envelopes or. from poor eyesight. swer. The Abilene Trail.,used on c tie drives, ran west of the Chisho cbftw who can,,see objects hidden by sniffing the containem A recent edition of the G Stage Road followed the Chishr in bomm read Chinese characters They showed a high success rate at Daily newspaper said the but came after it, he said. tucked under their armpits and iden- identifying Chinese ideographs writ- unusual children were being studied Why did early territorial pione tify colors without using their eyes,-- ten on pieces of paper concealed in by an air force doctor. He theorized name capable, change the trail's from C1 boxes or envelopes, the broadcast their hands and ears might be ~_according to reports. "Using today's scientific knowl- said. of transmitting and receiving radar- holm to Stage Road? w "It had become the stage road. pta. explain this kind "Although modern science has like waves, butcould find no acce edge, we still cannot , Our ble one you stood on to catch the of phepomenon," the Chinese scienti- developed to today's level explanation. Moran said. "Thafs simple." fic magazine Nature said in an article knowledge of the human body is still On such children. not enough. Much of the phenomena In a speech at the Shanghai meet- Documentors of Oklahoma hist reported that a scien-. of human life cannot be explained to- ing, Nature's editor, He Tongin, said have trouble mapping the Chisht tift meeting- was held recently magazine said. the children raise many questions in Trail, passing from Kansas into O~ in' day Nature two sisters biology and medidm homa and eventually-into Te: percepti The magazine reported Shanghai on extrasensory chil from Beijing, Wang Bing, 11, and' "These talents must be researched Maps show it anywhere from a I e4wriments with 14 They showed an ability to, sense Wang Giang, 13, could identify Chi- because they are an important new Parallel to U.S. Highway 81 throt colors a single Chinese :nese characters written on slips of discovery," he said. "fbis topic has a central Oklahoma to distant lines nd. 'read either side. characters with their ears. armpits, paper by tucking the paper into their,". big future and will increase our and stomacbs~ =Pitr,.' knowledge of the human body. Muriel Wright, writing for noses d For Release 2000/08/07 CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 Approved For Release 2000/08~6 i Eff P96-00787ROO050 Coincidence: paranormal event or just the luck of the throw? Things that happen at the same time have a special relationship to each other; researchers ask why By Elaine Kendall ost of us live on such familiar terms M with the idea of coincidence that we think of it in offhand catch phrases and react to it with stock responses. We describe coincidence as funny, fantastic, weird, or bizarre; dismiss it as "mere," "only," or "lucky"; use it for small talk. Of all the paranormal phenomena, coincidence re- mains the least controversial and the easiest to accept, It's not as intimidating as pre- cognition, as unsettling as d~jd vu, or a nuisance like psychokinesis. Coincidence is just a capricious old friend, amusing but undependable. responsible for "I was just about to phone," "Imagine meeting you here," and "How odd that three new books about Napoleon were published this week." On any sliding scale of extrasensory per- ception. coincidence would rate no more than a comfortable two or three. Whenever it's startling or dramatic enough to discon- cert us, we explain away our unease by the laws of chance and probability, which are elastic enough to accommodate the most unwieldly circumstances, The odds may be a million to one; but odds are odds, and iVs reassuring to know that they're there, keeping the world in bounds and in per- spective. We don't consider ourselves in an altered state of consciousness every time we run into a classmate at the movies, win the daily double, or miss the plane with en- gine trouble. We call it chance and let it go at that. Coincidence functions so unpredictably that it could never draw the crowds that come to see demonstrations of levitation or psychic healing. Because it has no charis- matic gurus and makes no special claims or promises, the popular literature on New Frontiers of Mind tends to slight it. Coincidence doesn't televise as well as key bending or even dowsing. It's not as titil- lating as UFO's nor as pretty as Kirlian photography. Coincidence supplies the novelist's plot, Disfinctive Original Distinguish yourself -with the superb craftsmanship of St. Thomas. Sleek, glazed whipsnake accented with a polished gold frame. Hanciturned edges, impeccable detailing and inno- vative design lend lasting qual- ity to a classic. A distinctive accessory for the discerning woman. TOHAAEANDTOHOLD~ ST. THOMAS 268 ADf)e&'s metaphor, and the historian's in- evitability, the theologian's miracle, the artist's inspiration, the statesman's manife,,t destiny. and the philosopher's unity. Very often, it's also responsible for the scientist's success, and that may be why science orga- nizes to fight back. Coincidence is, in fact, the most protean of all phenomena, changing shape and form to operate on every level of existence, ap- pearing in such elaborate masquerade that it often goes unrecognized. We could hard- ly manage without it. Explicit information about coincidence seems curiously skimpy and dated, and even the newest books about paranormal ex- perience depend rather heavily on incidents reported a half-century ago. There was a flurry of interest at about the time that the Titanic sank, and a great many people re- membered feeling chills as the ship went down; but equally dramatic and verifiable examples have seemed increasingly rate ever since. Coincidence seemed to decliniin direct proportion to transatlantic boat travel. Train wrecks also produced some fine examples of coincidence, but cars and plants have not added much to our knowl- edge. Danger alone is not enough. Co- incidence seems to require an element of romance to function well. The most re- markable examples have always seemed to pertain to disaster and death, which may partially explain why investigation has lagged in favor of cheerier topics. More- over, people tend quite naturally to attrib- ute happy and fortuitous occurrences to their own worthy efforts, instead of to out- side forces. As a result, the Society for Psy- chical Research hears much more about unpleasant ones. The official records are full of intimations of assassination, earthquake. fire, and flood, but the routine synchronicity that constantly bends our lives is hardly noted at all. And that may be just as well. There's so much of it around that selectivity is essential to keep the topic interesting. Because coincidence is still the nearest thing we have to a universal phenomenon, it has engaged the attention of some ex- tremely notable minds, but usually privately and generally with inconclusive results. Un- til very recently, however, these informal experiments were carried on rather quietly. among congenial friends, but now the sub- ject is no longer confined to parlors. In February 1974, Professor John Wheeler. the eminent nuclear physicist, lecturing a group of his colleagues at Ox- ford, said that "there may be no such thing as 'the glittering central mechanism of the universe.' Not machinery but magic maN be the better description of the treasure that is waiting." Such a statement would have been unthinkable fifty years ago. Even in an area like psychiatry, where aii exploration and understanding of how coincidence works would seem most re- warding, the Establishment attitude has continued to be somewhat aloof. "There's a divinity that shapes our ends,/Rough- hew them how we will" is fine drama but poor therapy. In the 1950s, when Carl Jung published his thoughtful essay on synchronicity and its effect upon person- ality development, other psychiatrists were curiously unresponsive to this phase of his work. Their attitude was adamant, but understandable. 15-4oincidence makes a wonderful excuse (Continued on page 2 74) VOGUE, October, 1978 Approved For Release 2000/08/07 CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 IULLIAM -KASPER The gentle classic ... a sweater collection in 31 exquisite colors. All are color related with our skirts, pants and jackets as well as the finely detailed blouses in prints, solids and jacquards. The possibilities are infinite ... The smarl photo shows the "Couturier" look by William Kasper for your other moods. A knit Georgette fabric, exclusive with us, in rich subtley hued paisleys. WILLIAM KASPER AT BULLOCK'S WILSHIRE: SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA MARSHALL FIELDS: CHICAGO SAKOWITZ: HOUSTON WOOLF BROTHERS; KANSAS CITY, MO. AppamVivirft lease 2000/08/07 : CIA-RD AS WELL AS OTHER FINE DEPARTMENT AND SPECIALTY STORES COINCIDENCE (Continued from page 268) for irresponsible behavior of all kinds. Adultery, for instance, would be difficult if not impossible without it. Moreover, coincidence does tend to boggle the mind and to resist interpretation, thus making the work of the psychotherapist even more tedious than it already is. Perverse, tricky, and intriguing, coincidence reduces the most carefully constructed and logical argument to a shambles. The speculative sciences find it hard to lame; the exact sciences cannot be blamed for wanting it to go away. The greatest single trouble with coincidence has always been the fact that it cannot be produced upon demand. Because accounts of coincidental happenings are invariably what scholars disparagingly call anecdotal, the whole topic suffers from a competitive disadvan- tage. Anecdotal evidence, no matter how persuasive, is difficult to duplicate and verify but very easy to exaggerate. It leaves the seri- ous intellectual community cold. Coincidence, therefore, has always had an anomalous place in research; and, until very recently, it has remained there, an embarrassment and a menace to almost every- one concerned. The parapsychologists were welcome to it, and it became theirs by default. Now, reconsidered as another kind of causal event, coincidence is suddenly attracting a fair share of attention from the more ortho- dox scientists as well. New tests and more imaginative experiments are luring it out of its corner. Physicists and mathematicians, who routinely deal in imperceptible aspects of the universe. have always known that coincidence could not be ignored or dismissed, though not all of them were eager to admit it. Philosophers and psycholo- gists have become more receptive than before; and there is con- stant experimentation in all these fields, controlled and cautious attempts to excavate what Arthur Koestler calls The Roots of Co- incidence. At UCLA, Thelma Moss, Ph.D., and her colleagues at the Neuro- psychiatric Institute conducted a variety of tess that show that '.coincidence" can be encouraged if one provides the proper condi- tions. Emotion, for example, seems to be a definite factor in its occurrence. If one person attempts to guess the subject matter of a picture that another person is being shown. his chances of being right seem best when the scene is violent or tragic, only fair when it's pleasant or even sensual, and merely average when it's bland. And if the two people participating in the experiment are related in some way, they seem to be significantly more adept at this exer- cise than total strangers. Somewhat inadvertently, this particular project also seemed to prove that bad news travels fast, just as millions of ordinary people have always suspected it did. Ongoing research, with more dramatic implications, is currently being performed at SRI International in Menlo Park, California. by Russell Targ and Harold Puthoff, Ph.D., both physicists with impressive academic credentials and solid backgrounds in traditional scientific research. Targ and Puthoff have been producing coincidence more or less on order since 1974, and have documented their results in their book Mind-Reach (Delacorte). The Targ-Puthoff trials are hard to classify exactly, since they cross the arbitrary boundaries that have always separated coincidence from its more eccentric relations- telepathy, clairvoyance, and that most troublesome connection of all, the out-of-body experience. Mind-Reach deals with what its au- thors prefer to call "remote viewing," but the elements of coinci- dence are strong and the family resemblance is unmistakable. Remote viewing, a nice neutral term for an astonishing blend of phenomena, works this way. The subject is comfortably established in a soundproof, electrically shielded room and given a set of map coordinates indicating a specific place on the globc. Any area will do. as long as an adequate description of it is available and can be verified. The location is chosen at random. The subject then draws a sketch of the site, indicating as best he can its significant features- its outline, buildings, bodies of water-whatever comes to mind. Remote viewing is not telepathy, because telepathy is mind to minds nor is it clairvoyance, which is mind to event. It comes closer to something that has been extravagantly called "astral travel," but that sounds too bizarre for what has become a normal everyday exercise for a group of normal everyday people. The remote viewers are getting the facts right; not always exacfly, but generally in the essential particulars, putting rivers, lakes, trees. hills, structures, and roadways in the proper places and more or less in proportion, and often including such specific details as window ?-rd I "R rM poe8-4atues. Do they do this only by go, s , Is colpfflencP ro, a y y something very like it but more re liable. Photographs of the actual sites taken at a later date and (Continued on page 276) Approved For Release 2000/08/07 CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 Our brand new Betmar Sherpa jacket with hood and toggle buttons in IM acrylic natural wool color. (Unlined) Sizes S-(6-8), M-(10-12) only. $36.00. Matching cuff hat, one size fits all, S9.00. Mail orders: MF&S, RG Box 640, Delray Beach, Fla. 33444. Order by phone 305-276-0366, American Express, BankAmericardl VISA, Master Charge. Add $200 for handling. Florida residents add 4% sales tax. /F09E\S,\! MARK FORE STRIKE = Resort f ash ions for Ladies and Gentleman PALM BEACH - DELRAY BEACH - NAPLES SARASOTA WINTER PARK - CHATHAM OBTERVILLE EAST HAMPTON - BAYHEAD gW-hZM;FpFA Approved For RJl&WJUWA yow nwm Ond address to Me*, Fore 81111111110. Box 640. Delray Beach, Flo. 33444. COINCIDENCE (Continued from page 2 74) reproduced in the book next to the drawings show startling correspondences. Targ and Puthoff have now tested more than fifty people, and they maintain that the majority of their subjects have been able to accomplish the assignment. Skeptics are no worse at it than true believers; and, although some subjects are far more adept thaii others, no one has failed entirely. Distance seems to make little difference in accuracy or the lack of it. A school building in the neighborhood is no easier to reproduce than an airport in Central America or an island in the South Pacific. The experiments have been continually escalating in difficulty with no decrease in efficiency. Some participants have even been taken undersea in a submarine where their perceptual abilities seem to function as well as in the lounge chairs at Menlo Park. Moat people seem to improve with practice, getting more proficient at this curious job just as they might get better at backhand volleys or Beethoven sonatas. The boredom that usually afflicts such research projects has not been a problem with this one. Remote viewers, once aware of their new ability, seem delighted to exercise it. One veteran of the Stan- ford experiments, a Los Angeles photographer, has offered to assist a team of archaeologists; and the buried ruins are turning up where she says they will be, thereby saving a great deal of time, trouble, backbreaking labor, and foundation money. A forthcoming book by Stephan Schwartz, The Secret Vaults of Time (Grosset & Dun- lap), shows that archaeologists have long made use of such special help, though the information has not been generally bruited about until the recent surge of interest in such matters. If this particular strain of coincidence could be tamed, directed. and applied, its implications would be enormous. So far, none of the remote viewers has reported locating an oil field or a uranium mine, but the poten- tial is there. Russell Targ provided an elementary demonstration of remote viewing by asking me to describe an object on his desk. At that point, I had neither met him, been to his office, nor yet talked to any of the subjects. The only connection between my office in Santa Monica and bis in Menlo Park was the Pacific Telephone Company line, which works no better than its counterparts else- where and often not as well. "Describe what I'm looking at," he said. "Color, size, kind. Draw it. Don't try to read my mind." "Something natural," I said. "Not manufactured. No particular color-maybe beige or grey. Neutral. Not completely round but no sharp corners." "Not bad," Targ said. "I've got a quartz globe on a rectangular stand on a tan blotter." Pens, pencils, a typewriter, pictures, books. or the phone itself would have been more logical guesses and easy outs. I could have chosen them, but I didn't. It has since occurred to me that Russell Targ may have a table piled with so many objects of every description that it could be impossible to miss; but, then again, he may not. Scientists usually prefer an uncluttered work surface, and though one correct guess is surely coincidence, it's also a score of 100 percent. All of us, of course, have learned to exploit coincidence to some extent. We give it other and more acceptable names--opportunity. accident, hard work, talent, even faith-because we need to feel responsible for our lives. But suppose, for a moment, that we could train ourselves not just to take advantage of these happy conjunc- tions when they happen but to generate them? The Mind-Reach subjects have apparently made considerable progress in this direc- tion, within a relatively short time and without interfering %kith their other duties or obligations. In Janus (Random House), his newest book of speculatiNe es- says, Arthur Koestler maintains that the human brain is a -luxurN organ," one "developed in advance of the needs of its possessor. :. Koestler derived that notion from Alfred Russell Wallace. the man who developed a theory of evolution by natural selection in the same year that Charles Darwin proposed his, an intellectual feat that remains one of the greatest intellectual coincidences of all time. The brain has not changed at all since we were loping around in the primeval ooze, though the uses to which-we have put it have expanded significantly. According to Koestler, the Cro-Magnon crouching in his cave chipping stone and bludgeoning game already possessed the incredible organ that would eventually put men on 1i; had, however no notion of its possibilities. Little by 7XION Or"nia. of marvelous hits and horrendous 17ta aaw... misses, centuries of successful trial and ghastly error, he learned. A little. There is no reason to believe that we have yet made every one of the vossible connections. None at all. 7 Sensaffonal For-East Inspiration SG11 Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500280005-4