These well-documented events also provided good fodder infinite variety scenarios.Russel ’ teapot Covid-19 What “ celestial teapot ” conspiracy theories surrounding Covid-19 common ? More might think first glance.The metaphor celestial teapot proposed philosopher Bertrand Russell challenge idea sceptic refute unverifiable bases religion affirm burden proof falls instead believer.Russell suggested teapot orbit around sun , precisely Earth planet Mars.We demonstrate teapot exist , believe there.Russel ’ teapot cosmic version Ockham ’ razor , also known principle parsimony simplicity.This principle recommends eliminating complex explanations phenomenon reasoning simpler explanations prove plausible.There remains fundamental principle logical reasoning science : state simplest explanation necessarily true , must considered first .