| 1. And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, |
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א. וַיְדַבֵּר יְ־הֹוָ־ה אֶל מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר: |
| 2. Take Aaron and his sons with him, and the garments, and the anointing oil, and the sin offering bull, and the two rams, and the basket of unleavened bread, |
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ב. קַח אֶת אַהֲרֹן וְאֶת בָּנָיו אִתּוֹ וְאֵת הַבְּגָדִים וְאֵת שֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה וְאֵת פַּר הַחַטָּאת וְאֵת שְׁנֵי הָאֵילִים וְאֵת סַל הַמַּצּוֹת: |
| Take Aaron: This section was stated seven days before the erection of the Sanctuary, [and should have been stated earlier in Exod. Parashath Pekudei , which discusses the erection and consecration processes. [However], there is no [sequence of] earlier and later events in the Torah [i.e., Scripture does not always follow chronological order]. |
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קח את אהרן: פרשה זו נאמרה שבעת ימים קודם הקמת המשכן, שאין מוקדם ומאוחר בתורה: |
| Take Aaron: Take him over with [persuasive] words and attract him. — [Torath Kohanim 8:165] |
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קח את אהרן: קחנו בדברים ומשכהו: |
| and the sin-offering bull [and the two rams, and the basket of unleavened bread]: [Which sin-offering bull, two rams, etc?] These are the ones mentioned in the section dealing with the command of the investitures in [parashath] וְאַתָּה תְּצַוֶּה, (Exod. Chapter 29), and now, on the first day of the investitures, He came back and urged him [in the matter] at the time they were to be put into practice. |
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ואת פר החטאת וגו': אלו האמורים בענין צוואת המלואים בואתה תצוה, ועכשיו ביום ראשון למלואים חזר וזרזו בשעת מעשה: |
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| 3. And assemble the entire community at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting. |
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ג. וְאֵת כָּל הָעֵדָה הַקְהֵל אֶל פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד: |
| Assemble [the entire community] at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting: This is one of the instances where a small [area] accommodated a large [number of people]. — [Lev. Rabbah 10:9] |
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הקהל אל פתח אהל מועד: זה אחד מן המקומות שהחזיק מועט את המרובה: |
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| 4. And Moses did as the Lord had commanded him, and the community assembled at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting. |
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ד. וַיַּעַשׂ מֹשֶׁה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְ־הֹוָ־ה אֹתוֹ וַתִּקָּהֵל הָעֵדָה אֶל פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד: |
| 5. And Moses said to the community: This is the thing the Lord has commanded to do. |
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ה. וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה אֶל הָעֵדָה זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְ־הֹוָ־ה לַעֲשׂוֹת: |
| This is the thing [the Lord has commanded to do]: [Moses said to Israel:] “The things you will see me doing before you, have all been commanded to me by the Holy One, blessed is He, that they be done; so do not say that I am doing them for my own honor or for my brother’s honor!” I have explained the entire passage involving the investitures in [parashath] וְאַתָּה תְּצַוֶּה (Exod. 29). |
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זה הדבר: דברים שתראו שאני עושה לפניכם צוני הקב"ה לעשות, ואל תאמרו לכבודי ולכבוד אחי אני עושה. כל הענין הזה פירשתי בואתה תצוה: |
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| 6. And Moses brought Aaron and his sons forward and bathed them in water. |
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ו. וַיַּקְרֵב מֹשֶׁה אֶת אַהֲרֹן וְאֶת בָּנָיו וַיִּרְחַץ אֹתָם בַּמָּיִם: |
| 7. And he placed the tunic upon him [Aaron], girded him with the sash, clothed him with the robe, placed the ephod upon him, girded him with the band of the ephod, and adorned him with it. |
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ז. וַיִּתֵּן עָלָיו אֶת הַכֻּתֹּנֶת וַיַּחְגֹּר אֹתוֹ בָּאַבְנֵט וַיַּלְבֵּשׁ אֹתוֹ אֶת הַמְּעִיל וַיִּתֵּן עָלָיו אֶת הָאֵפֹד וַיַּחְגֹּר אֹתוֹ בְּחֵשֶׁב הָאֵפֹד וַיֶּאְפֹּד לוֹ בּוֹ: |
| 8. And he placed the choshen upon him, and he inserted into the choshen the Urim and the Tummim. |
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ח. וַיָּשֶׂם עָלָיו אֶת הַחֹשֶׁן וַיִּתֵּן אֶל הַחֹשֶׁן אֶת הָאוּרִים וְאֶת הַתֻּמִּים: |
| The Urim: An inscription bearing the explicit Name of God. |
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את האורים: כתב של שם המפורש: |
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| 9. And he placed the cap on his [Aaron's] head, and he placed on the cap, towards his face, the golden showplate, the holy crown, as the Lord had commanded Moses. |
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ט. וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת הַמִּצְנֶפֶת עַל רֹאשׁוֹ וַיָּשֶׂם עַל הַמִּצְנֶפֶת אֶל מוּל פָּנָיו אֵת צִיץ הַזָּהָב נֵזֶר הַקֹּדֶשׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְ־הֹוָ־ה אֶת מֹשֶׁה: |
| and he placed on the cap: The sky-blue cords affixed to the showplate he placed over the cap. Thus the showplate was suspended on (עַל) the cap. |
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וישם על המצנפת: פתילי תכלת הקבועים בציץ נתן על המצנפת, נמצא הציץ תלוי במצנפת: |
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| 10. And Moses took the anointing oil and anointed the Sanctuary and everything in it and sanctified them. |
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י. וַיִּקַּח מֹשֶׁה אֶת שֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה וַיִּמְשַׁח אֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּן וְאֶת כָּל אֲשֶׁר בּוֹ וַיְקַדֵּשׁ אֹתָם: |
| 11. And he sprinkled from it upon the altar seven times, and he anointed the altar and all its vessels and the washstand and its base, to sanctify them. |
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יא. וַיַּז מִמֶּנּוּ עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ שֶׁבַע פְּעָמִים וַיִּמְשַׁח אֶת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְאֶת כָּל כֵּלָיו וְאֶת הַכִּיֹּר וְאֶת כַּנּוֹ לְקַדְּשָׁם: |
| And he sprinkled from it upon the altar: I do not know where [in Scripture] he was commanded to perform these sprinklings. |
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ויז ממנו על המזבח: לא ידעתי היכן נצטוה בהזאות הללו: |
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| 12. And he poured some of the anointing oil upon Aaron's head, and he anointed him to sanctify him. |
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יב. וַיִּצֹק מִשֶּׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה עַל רֹאשׁ אַהֲרֹן וַיִּמְשַׁח אֹתוֹ לְקַדְּשׁוֹ: |
| And he poured…and anointed [him]: At first, he [Moses] poured [the oil] on his [Aaron’s] head, and afterwards, he placed it between his eyelids, and drew it with his finger, from one [eyelid] to the other. — [Ker. 5b] |
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ויצק, וימשח: בתחלה יוצק על ראשו, ואחר כך נותן בין ריסי עיניו ומושך באצבעו מזה לזה: |
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| 13. And Moses brought Aaron's sons forward and clothed them with tunics, girded them with sashes, and bound them up with high hats, as the Lord had commanded Moses. |
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יג. וַיַּקְרֵב מֹשֶׁה אֶת בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן וַיַּלְבִּשֵׁם כֻּתֳּנֹת וַיַּחְגֹּר אֹתָם אַבְנֵט וַיַּחֲבֹשׁ לָהֶם מִגְבָּעוֹת כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְ־הֹוָ־ה אֶת מֹשֶׁה: |
| and bound them up: Heb. וַיַַַּחִבשׁ, an expression denoting binding. |
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ויחבש: לשון קשירה: |
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| 14. And he brought the sin offering bull close, and Aaron and his sons leaned their hands [forcefully] upon the head of the sin offering bull. |
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יד. וַיַּגֵּשׁ אֵת פַּר הַחַטָּאת וַיִּסְמֹךְ אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו אֶת יְדֵיהֶם עַל רֹאשׁ פַּר הַחַטָּאת: |
| 15. And he slaughtered [it], and Moses took the blood, and placed it on the horns of the altar, around, with his finger, and he purified the altar. And he poured the blood at the base of the altar, and sanctified it [the altar], to effect atonement upon it. |
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טו. וַיִּשְׁחָט וַיִּקַּח מֹשֶׁה אֶת הַדָּם וַיִּתֵּן עַל קַרְנוֹת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ סָבִיב בְּאֶצְבָּעוֹ וַיְחַטֵּא אֶת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְאֶת הַדָּם יָצַק אֶל יְסוֹד הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וַיְקַדְּשֵׁהוּ לְכַפֵּר עָלָיו: |
| and he purified the altar: He cleansed and purified it [to convert it] from its alien state, into holiness. |
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ויחטא את המזבח: חטאו וטהרו מזרות להכנס לקדושה: |
| and sanctified it: with this service. |
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ויקדשהו: בעבודה זו: |
| to effect atonement upon it: [i.e., to effect] all atonements from now on. |
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לכפר עליו: מעתה כל הכפרות: |
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| 16. And he took all the fat which was on the innards, and the diaphragm with the liver, and the two kidneys together with their fat. And Moses caused [them] to [go up in] smoke on the altar. |
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טז. וַיִּקַּח אֶת כָּל הַחֵלֶב אֲשֶׁר עַל הַקֶּרֶב וְאֵת יֹתֶרֶת הַכָּבֵד וְאֶת שְׁתֵּי הַכְּלָיֹת וְאֶת חֶלְבְּהֶן וַיַּקְטֵר מֹשֶׁה הַמִּזְבֵּחָה: |
| and the diaphragm of the liver: Besides the liver, [meaning] that he took a little of the liver along with the diaphragm. |
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ואת יתרת הכבד: על הכבד (שמות כט יג) לבד הכבד, שהיה נוטל מעט מן הכבד עמה: |
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| 17. And the bull, its hide, its flesh, and its waste, he burned with fire outside the camp, as the Lord had commanded Moses. |
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יז. וְאֶת הַפָּר וְאֶת עֹרוֹ וְאֶת בְּשָׂרוֹ וְאֶת פִּרְשׁוֹ שָׂרַף בָּאֵשׁ מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְ־הֹוָ־ה אֶת מֹשֶׁה: |
| 18. And he brought near the burnt offering ram, and Aaron and his sons leaned their hands [forcefully] upon the head of the ram. |
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יח. וַיַּקְרֵב אֵת אֵיל הָעֹלָה וַיִּסְמְכוּ אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו אֶת יְדֵיהֶם עַל רֹאשׁ הָאָיִל: |
| 19. And he slaughtered [it], and Moses dashed the blood on the altar, around. |
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יט. וַיִּשְׁחָט וַיִּזְרֹק מֹשֶׁה אֶת הַדָּם עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ סָבִיב: |
| 20. And he cut up the ram into its pieces, and Moses made the head, the pieces and the fat [go up in] smoke. |
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כ. וְאֶת הָאַיִל נִתַּח לִנְתָחָיו וַיַּקְטֵר מֹשֶׁה אֶת הָרֹאשׁ וְאֶת הַנְּתָחִים וְאֶת הַפָּדֶר: |
| 21. But the innards and the legs, he washed in water, and Moses made the entire ram [go up in] smoke on the altar. It was a burnt offering [with] a pleasing fragrance, a fire offering to the Lord, as the Lord had commanded Moses. |
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כא. וְאֶת הַקֶּרֶב וְאֶת הַכְּרָעַיִם רָחַץ בַּמָּיִם וַיַּקְטֵר מֹשֶׁה אֶת כָּל הָאַיִל הַמִּזְבֵּחָה עֹלָה הוּא לְרֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ אִשֶּׁה הוּא לַי־הֹוָ־ה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְ־הֹוָ־ה אֶת מֹשֶׁה: |
| 22. And he brought near the second ram, the ram of the investitures, and Aaron and his sons leaned their hands [forcefully] upon the ram's head. |
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כב. וַיַּקְרֵב אֶת הָאַיִל הַשֵּׁנִי אֵיל הַמִּלֻּאִים וַיִּסְמְכוּ אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו אֶת יְדֵיהֶם עַל רֹאשׁ הָאָיִל: |
| the ram of the investitures: Heb. אֵיל הַמִּלֻּאִים. [This expression is equivalent to] אֵיל הַשְּׁלָמִים, “the completion ram” [i.e., the word מִלֻּאִים does not mean “inauguration,” but rather,] it denotes שְׁלָמִים, for these rams filled (מְמַלְּאִים) and completed (מַשְׁלִימִים) the [status of the] kohanim in their kehunah. — [see Torat Kohanim 8:184] |
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איל המלואים: איל השלמים, שמלואים לשון שלמים, שממלאים ומשלימים את הכהנים בכהונתם: |
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| 23. And he slaughtered [it], and Moses took some of its blood, and placed it on the cartilage of Aaron's right ear, on the thumb of his right hand and on the big toe of his right foot. |
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כג. וַיִּשְׁחָט וַיִּקַּח מֹשֶׁה מִדָּמוֹ וַיִּתֵּן עַל תְּנוּךְ אֹזֶן אַהֲרֹן הַיְמָנִית וְעַל בֹּהֶן יָדוֹ הַיְמָנִית וְעַל בֹּהֶן רַגְלוֹ הַיְמָנִית: |
| 24. And he brought Aaron's sons forward, and Moses placed some of the blood on the cartilage of their right ears, on the thumbs of their right hands, and on the big toes of their right feet, and Moses dashed the blood on the altar, around. |
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כד. וַיַּקְרֵב אֶת בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן וַיִּתֵּן מֹשֶׁה מִן הַדָּם עַל תְּנוּךְ אָזְנָם הַיְמָנִית וְעַל בֹּהֶן יָדָם הַיְמָנִית וְעַל בֹּהֶן רַגְלָם הַיְמָנִית וַיִּזְרֹק מֹשֶׁה אֶת הַדָּם עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ סָבִיב: |
| 25. And he took the fat, the tail, all the fat which was on the innards, the diaphragm of the liver, the two kidneys together with their fat and the right thigh. |
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כה. וַיִּקַּח אֶת הַחֵלֶב וְאֶת הָאַלְיָה וְאֶת כָּל הַחֵלֶב אֲשֶׁר עַל הַקֶּרֶב וְאֵת יֹתֶרֶת הַכָּבֵד וְאֶת שְׁתֵּי הַכְּלָיֹת וְאֶת חֶלְבְּהֶן וְאֵת שׁוֹק הַיָּמִין: |
| 26. And out of the basket of unleavened bread that was before the Lord, he took one loaf of unleavened bread, and one loaf of oily bread, and one wafer, and he placed them on top of the fats and the right thigh. |
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כו. וּמִסַּל הַמַּצּוֹת אֲשֶׁר לִפְנֵי יְ־הֹוָ־ה לָקַח חַלַּת מַצָּה אַחַת וְחַלַּת לֶחֶם שֶׁמֶן אַחַת וְרָקִיק אֶחָד וַיָּשֶׂם עַל הַחֲלָבִים וְעַל שׁוֹק הַיָּמִין: |
| and one loaf of oily bread: This refers to the רְבוּכָה, the loaves made by scalding [the dough] with boiling water, [and are called “oily bread,”] because a large quantity of oil was used for it, equal to that used for the loaves and the wafers combined. Thus it is explained in [Tractate] Men. (78a; 89a). |
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וחלת לחם שמן: היא רבוכה, שהיה מרבה בה שמן כנגד החלות והרקיקין, כך מפורש במנחות (עח א): |
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| 27. And then he placed it all on Aaron's palms and on his sons' palms, and he waved them as a waving before the Lord. |
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כז. וַיִּתֵּן אֶת הַכֹּל עַל כַּפֵּי אַהֲרֹן וְעַל כַּפֵּי בָנָיו וַיָּנֶף אֹתָם תְּנוּפָה לִפְנֵי יְ־הֹוָ־ה: |
| 28. And Moses took them from their hands and made them [go up in] smoke on the altar along with the burnt offering. They were investiture offerings, as a pleasing fragrance, a fire offering to the Lord. |
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כח. וַיִּקַּח מֹשֶׁה אֹתָם מֵעַל כַּפֵּיהֶם וַיַּקְטֵר הַמִּזְבֵּחָה עַל הָעֹלָה מִלֻּאִים הֵם לְרֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ אִשֶּׁה הוּא לַי־הֹוָ־ה: |
| [And Moses…] caused them to [go up in] smoke on the altar: Moses performed the service throughout all the seven days of investitures, [dressed] in a white robe. — [A.Z. 34a] |
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ויקטר המזבחה: משה שמש כל שבעת ימי המלואים בחלוק לבן: |
| along with the burnt-offering: after [he had burnt] the burnt-offering. With the exception of this one, we do not find anywhere [in Scripture], [a case of] a thigh of a peace-offering being offered up [on the altar]. |
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על העלה: אחר העולה. ולא מצינו שוק של שלמים קרב בכל מקום חוץ מזה: |
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| 29. And Moses took the breast and waved it as a waving before the Lord. It belonged to Moses as a portion from the ram of the investitures, as the Lord had commanded Moses. |
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כט. וַיִּקַּח מֹשֶׁה אֶת הֶחָזֶה וַיְנִיפֵהוּ תְנוּפָה לִפְנֵי יְ־הֹוָ־ה מֵאֵיל הַמִּלֻּאִים לְמֹשֶׁה הָיָה לְמָנָה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְ־הֹוָ־ה אֶת מֹשֶׁה: |
| 30. And Moses took some of the anointing oil and some of the blood that was on the altar, and he sprinkled it on Aaron and on his garments, and on his sons, and on his sons' garments, and he sanctified Aaron, his garments, his sons and his sons' garments with him. |
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ל. וַיִּקַּח מֹשֶׁה מִשֶּׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה וּמִן הַדָּם אֲשֶׁר עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וַיַּז עַל אַהֲרֹן עַל בְּגָדָיו וְעַל בָּנָיו וְעַל בִּגְדֵי בָנָיו אִתּוֹ וַיְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת אַהֲרֹן אֶת בְּגָדָיו וְאֶת בָּנָיו וְאֶת בִּגְדֵי בָנָיו אִתּוֹ: |
| 31. And Moses said to Aaron and to his sons, "Cook the flesh at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting and eat it there, and the bread that is in the basket of the investiture offerings, as I have commanded, saying, 'Aaron and his sons shall eat it.' |
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לא. וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה אֶל אַהֲרֹן וְאֶל בָּנָיו בַּשְּׁלוּ אֶת הַבָּשָׂר פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וְשָׁם תֹּאכְלוּ אֹתוֹ וְאֶת הַלֶּחֶם אֲשֶׁר בְּסַל הַמִּלֻּאִים כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוֵּיתִי לֵאמֹר אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו יֹאכְלֻהוּ: |
| 32. And whatever is left over from the flesh and the bread, you shall burn in fire. |
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לב. וְהַנּוֹתָר בַּבָּשָׂר וּבַלָּחֶם בָּאֵשׁ תִּשְׂרֹפוּ: |
| 33. And you shall not leave the entrance of the Tent of Meeting for seven days, until the day of the completion of your investiture days, he will inaugurate you for seven days. |
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לג. וּמִפֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד לֹא תֵצְאוּ שִׁבְעַת יָמִים עַד יוֹם מְלֹאת יְמֵי מִלֻּאֵיכֶם כִּי שִׁבְעַת יָמִים יְמַלֵּא אֶת יֶדְכֶם: |
| 34. As he did on this day, so the Lord has commanded to do, to effect atonement for you. |
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לד. כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה בַּיּוֹם הַזֶּה צִוָּה יְ־הֹוָ־ה לַעֲשֹׂת לְכַפֵּר עֲלֵיכֶם: |
| so the Lord has commanded to do: on all the seven days [of investitures]. And our Rabbis expounded on the verse as follows: [The word] לַעִשׂת alludes to the procedure involving the “red cow”; (see Num. Chapter 19) [the word] לְכַפֵּר alludes to the service of Yom Kippur. And this comes to teach us that [just as there were seven days of the investitures, so too,] the Kohen Gadol [who performed the service on Yom Kippur,] was required to separate [from his home] seven days before Yom Kippur, and so was the kohen who performed the burning of the “red cow.” |
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צוה ה' לעשת: כל שבעת הימים. ורבותינו ז"ל דרשו לעשות - זה מעשה פרה. לכפר - זה מעשה יום הכפורים, וללמד שכהן גדול טעון פרישה קודם יום הכפורים שבעת ימים, וכן הכהן השורף את הפרה: |
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| 35. And you shall stay day and night for seven days at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. You shall observe the Lord's command, so that you will not die, for thus I was commanded. |
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לה. וּפֶתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד תֵּשְׁבוּ יוֹמָם וָלַיְלָה שִׁבְעַת יָמִים וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם אֶת מִשְׁמֶרֶת יְ־הֹוָ־ה וְלֹא תָמוּתוּ כִּי כֵן צֻוֵּיתִי: |
| So that you will not die: But if you do not do so, you incur the death penalty. |
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ולא תמותו: הא אם לא תעשו כן, הרי אתם חייבים מיתה: |
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| 36. And Aaron and his sons did all the things that the Lord commanded through Moses. |
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לו. וַיַּעַשׂ אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו אֵת כָּל הַדְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְ־הֹוָ־ה בְּיַד מֹשֶׁה: |
| And Aaron and his sons did [all the things]: To tell their praise, namely, that they did not deviate to the right or to the left. |
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ויעש אהרן ובניו: להגיד שבחן שלא הטו ימין ושמאל: |