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Wis 13

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A study of creation should lead men to God
1 But all men are vain, in whom there is not the knowledge of God: and who by these good things that are seen, could not understand him that is, neither by attending to the works have acknowledged who was the workman: 2 But have imagined either the fire, or the wind, or the swift air, or the circle of the stars, or the great water, or the sun and moon, to be the gods that rule the world. 3 With whose beauty, if they, being delighted, took them to be gods: let them know how much the Lord of them is more beautiful than they: for the first author of beauty made all those things. 4 Or if they admired their power and their effects, let them understand by them, that he that made them, is mightier than they: 5 For by the greatness of the beauty, and of the creature, the creator of them may be seen, so as to be known thereby. 6 But yet as to these they are less to be blamed. For they perhaps err, seeking God, and desirous to find him. 7 For being conversant among his works, they search: and they are persuaded that the things are good which are seen. 8 But then again they are not to be pardoned. 9 For if they were able to know so much as to make a judgment of the world: how did they not more easily find out the Lord thereof?


Worshipping man-made objects is foolish
10 But unhappy are they, and their hope is among the dead, who have called gods the works of the hands of men, gold and silver, the inventions of art, and the resemblances of beasts, or an unprofitable stone the work of an ancient hand. 11 Or if an artist, a carpenter, has cut down a tree proper for his use in the wood, and skillfully taken off all the bark thereof, and with his art, diligently forms a vessel profitable for the common uses of life, 12 And uses the chips of his work to dress his meat: 13 And taking what was left thereof, which is good for nothing, being a crooked piece of wood, and full of knots, carves it diligently when he has nothing else to do, and by the skill of his art fashions it and makes it like the image of a man: 14 Or the resemblance of some beast, laying it over with vermillion, and painting it red, and covering every spot that is in it: 15 And makes a convenient dwelling place for it, and setting it in a wall, and fastening it with iron, 16 Providing for it, lest it should fall, knowing that it is unable to help itself: for it is an image, and has need of help. 17 And then makes prayer to it, inquiring concerning his substance, and his children, or his marriage. And he is not ashamed to speak to that which has no life: 18 And for health he makes suspplication to the weak, and for life prays to that which is dead, and for help calls upon that which is unprofitable: 19 And for a good journey he petitiones him that cannot walk: and for getting, and for working, and for the event of all things he asks him that is unable to do any thing.
 
 
Commentary on Wisdom 13
 
13:1 And who by these good things that are seen: namely, openly, could not understand: namely, an inability caused by and not preceding the will. (Interlinear Gloss)

13:2 But either the fire, namely, Vulcan, like the Canaanites adoring fire; or the wind, that is, the upper atmosphere, the upper part of the air that some thought of as Jupiter shining; or the swift air, that is, the lower atmosphere that they called Juno; or the circle of the stars, that is, the starry sky, like those who adored the host of heaven of whom Deuteronomy 7:3 says: ‘So as to go and serve strange gods, and adore them, the sun and the moon, and all the host of heaven’; or the great water, that they call Neptune; or the sun, that they call Phoebus or Apollo whom the Babylonians adore; or the moon, that they call Diana or ‘the queen of heaven’ (St. Bonaventure)

13:5 The Creator is praised by every creature, and just how much more excellent is the Creator, is evident from the nature of the work of the Creator. (St. Isidore Sen 1.4) For this he declared that the creation leads us to the knowledge of God, because it causes us to know the Master fully. (St. John Chrysostom Hom Con dem 3.2.)

13:6 And desirous to find God: There is implanted in human minds a desire for what is true and good. (Boethius De cons 3.2)
13:8 But then again they are not to be pardoned: Simple ignorance merits pardon; so 1 Timothy 1:13: ‘I obtained the mercy of God because I did it ignorantly in unbelief’; but careless and lazy ignorance does not merit pardon; so 1 Corinthians 14:38: ‘Whoever does not know this shall not be known’. (St. Bonaventure)

13:10 called gods: Idolaters attributed the name of the Deity to stones and wood, considered in their own nature, because they thought there was something divine in them. But we do not attribute the name of the Deity to the man in His human nature, but in the eternal suppositum, which by union is a suppositum of human nature, (St. Thomas Aquinas Sum Theo 3.16.2) Or an unprofitable stone: namely, of any value that idolaters believe is in it, even though it may be useful in its natural use because the works of God who made creatures there is nothing superfluous. (St. Bonaventure)

13:14 Laying it over with vermilion: that is with red colour. Some books have: rubrica (vermilion), a secondary colour collected and used by women as a help in washing for smoothing clothes, and the diminutive form of this is rubriciuncula, in French liche. In Isaiah 44:13 it is called a tool by which an idol is made with a plane: ‘The carpenter has stretched out his rule, he has formed it with a plane. (Hugh of St. Cher)
 
 
CCC 13:1-15, 19 2112; 13:1-9 32, 216; 13:1 1147; 13:3 2129, 2500; 13:5 41, 2500
 
 
 
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